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By choosing to report through the anonymous email, text and/or WhatsApp REVEAL platforms, the Proactive Reporter and ITA intelligence experts can automatically establ ish ongoing communication regarding the concern (s) raised.
When reporting through the REVEAL o nline platform, the Proactive Reporter can choose to establish a confidential and secure mailbox to enable ongoing communication with ITA intelligence experts .
The 6 https://www.eqs.com/compliance -solutions/integrity -line/ 7 https://www.realresponse.com/solutions/anonymous -texting/ Page 6 of 10 ongoing communication may help to establish a stronger and more robust investigation by providing additional details and/or evidence.
When creating a secure mailbox via the REVEAL online platform, the Proactive Reporter will be required to select a pa ssword, and a case number will be allocated and reported in the secure mailbox in case the Proactive Reporter wishes to access the mailbox on other devices.
The Proactive Reporter always retains the ability to choose to remain completely anonymous and request no further communications from ITA intelligence experts , if so desired.
HOW ANTI -DOPING INFORMATION IS PROCESSED BY THE ITA The ITA will collect and process anti-doping information using procedures that : • Guarantee the safe and confidential handling of the information obtained or received ; • Prevent the disclosure of the source of information ; • Protect against leakage and unintentional disclosure of information ; and • Process and disclose the information only for legitimate and lawful anti -doping purposes .
These procedures are in accordance with the WADA International Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Personal Information (“ISPPPI”) and other applicable data protection laws .
For more information on data privacy please refer to the ITA Privacy Policy on the “REVEAL ” Platform s. Confidentiality is of the utmost importance to the ITA.
All reports are processed in strict confidentiality, irrespectiv e of whether the Proactive Reporter elects to report anonymously and/or decides to engage in ongoing communication or not .
Receipt of anti -doping information and initial assessment As a matter of process, the ITA will acknowledge, in writing, receipt of the information within a reasonable time – normally not exceeding 3 days from the date of submission – as long as the Proactive Reporter has reported in a manner enabling return commu nication.
Further, upon receipt of anti -doping information, the ITA intelligence experts will assess and evaluate each report for its materiality, reliability, veracity, and accuracy, while considering other criteria, such as the context and source of the information, and the circumstances in which the information was gathered.
Access to the original reports submitted via the REVEAL platform s are exclusively limited to ITA intelligence experts experienced in handling and examining confidential and sensitive information , and the information contained therein – which may be shared with other experts within the ITA for assessment and actioning purposes – is limited to a stric t need -to-know principle .
Classification of the anti -doping information Based on the above assessment, where it is deemed that the anti -doping information is relevant, reliable, accurate and actionable, such information – after analysis and evaluation – can be re -classified as “anti -doping intelligence”.
The ITA may determine that further information or clarification s are required if the information is to be classified as anti -doping intelligence.
Where that is the case, the ITA may decide to contact the Proactive Reporter to obtain more information or evidence related to the reported facts, as long as the Proactive Reporter has reported in a manner enabling return communication.
Page 7 of 10 If the assessment does not reveal a sufficient basis to undertake any particular action on the basis of the report, the ITA will not action the anti -doping information any further.
Depending on the circumstances, the anti -doping information could be either archived in the system and not actioned – such as if deemed malicious, abusive, or otherwise not valuable – or otherwise retained in its database for intelligence purposes and potential future reference .
For more information on the retention period , please refer to the ITA Privacy Policy on the REVEAL platform s. Processing of anti -doping intelligence Once the anti -doping information has been eva luated, transformed, and re -classified as anti-doping intelligence, the ITA intelligence experts will carry out a further assessment with a view to transform ing such intelligence into “actionable intelligence” and determine the appropriate follow -up actions and investigatory steps.
As part of this process, anti -doping intelligence derived from Proactive Reporters will be further compared and analysed to determin e if the intelligence supports other patterns, trends and relationships that may help to develop an effective anti -doping strategy and/or design appropriate investigatory measures.
The ITA may determine that further information or clarification are requir ed to effectively action the intelligence.
In this case, the ITA will contact the Proactive Reporter to seek more information or evidence, as long as the Proactive Reporter reported in a manner enabling return communication.
Depending on the circumstances of each case and on the nature of the intelligence reported , the ITA may decide to enter into a confidentiality, non -disclosure or other type of agreement regulating more in detail the obligations, rights and responsibilities of the ITA and those of the Proactive Reporter in accordance with the applicable regulations.
Accordingly, m embers of the ITA Intelligence & Investigations Department log investigative and analytical actions related to a case and the case file is update d in line with the ITA’s case management processes.
Possible outcomes of anti -doping intelligence For the purposes of mere illustration, anti -doping intelligence may be used for the purpose of seeking the following outcomes in accordance with the Code: • To inform and/or amend policy decisions; • To inform and/or amend an ADO’s Registered Testing Pool and/or Test Distribution Plan; • To conduct target Out -of-Competition testing; • To conduct target In -Competition testing; • To direct further analyses on one or more samples; • To drive the re -analysis strategy of samples collected; • To conduct further investigations and det ermine whether an ADRV by an Athlete or other Person under the relevant ADO’s jurisdiction has occurred; • To develop and compile evidence that support s the initiation of disciplinary proceedings in accordance with the Anti -Doping Rules of the relevant ADO; • To share intelligence with other ADOs and/or WADA ’s Intelligence and Investigations Department for further investigations, proceedings and/or testing actions, as relevant (for more information on the transfer of information see Section 7 below); and • To report relevant information to law enforcement or public authorities for any criminal or disciplinary proceedings under their own jurisdiction and within their authority.
Page 8 of 10 TRANSFER OF INFORMATION TO OTHER ENTITIES In accordance with the Code and other applicable laws, the ITA may be under the legal requirement or otherwise expected to disclose the anti -doping information or intelligence submitted by the Proactive Reporter to the following parties: • The ADO responsible for the sport or event to which the report relates; • Other ADOs that are relevant for the processing and/or sanctioning process in relation to the information contained in the report; • WADA; • National and/or international law enforcement and/or public authorities having jurisdiction over the reported person(s) or fact(s) ; and • Authori sed service providers (for the purpose of providing specialist intelligence and/or investigations assistance ).
When sharing a report with third parties, the ITA will take the necessary precautions in order not to expose the Proactive Reporter or third parties to any undue consequences.
As a general rule, reports will be shared in anonymous format with certain details redacted or otherwise generali sed so as not to expose sources and methods .
Information that could potentially identify a Proactive Reporter will not be disclosed to third parties except where the Proactive Reporter has given their express consent to do so , or where such disclosure is required by law.
To the extent possible and appropriate, the ITA will endeavour to inform the Proactive Reporter of any necessary disclosure in advance of i ts occurrence.
Furthermore, information will not be shared with third parties that are a target of the allegations brought forward by a Proactive Reporter , unless required by law .
This assessment will be performed by ITA Intelligence experts from the I&I Department .
In the unlikely event that the ITA establishes that a Proactive Reporter has reported malicious or knowingly false information8, the protections granted under this Policy will be lost.
In this occurrence, when appropriate the ITA will disclose to relevant third parties that have a need to know the identity of the Proactive Reporter and other contextual information.
This information will be shared as such to prevent third parties from pursuing false or misleading information .
To the extent possible and appropriate, the ITA will endeavour to inform the Proactive Reporter of this disclosure.
PROTECTION AND REWARDS AVAILABLE TO PROACTIVE REPORTERS Confidentiality and protection of identity All anti -doping information and intelligence will be treated confidentially.
The identity of the Proactive Reporter will only be made available to dedicated personnel within the ITA Intelligence & Investigations Department as necessary to effectively proce ss the anti -doping information or intelligence.
As detailed in Section 7 above, the identity of the Proactive Reporter will not be disclosed externally unless he/she has given express and written consent to do so , where disclosure is required by the law or in the event of malicious and/or knowingly false reporting.
External legal assistance and counselling The ITA may support the Proactive Reporter in identifying appropriate external legal assistance if such support is requested by the Proactive Reporter and should the circumstances so warrant .
As a general principle, the cost for any such legal assistance shall be borne by the Proactive Report er.
8 It is noted that the provision of malicious and/or knowingly false information may also constitute a “tampering” ADRV as provided under Article 2.5 of the Code and proceedings may be initiated accordingly.
Page 9 of 10 Upon request, the ITA will endeavour to assist the Proactive Reporter in obtaining appropriate pre - and post -disclosure counselling , or advisory support of some other kind , should the circumstances so warrant.
Substantial Assistance benefits When a Proactive Reporter is facing being charged with one or more ADRVs , he/she might be eligible for Substantial Assistance benefits, as described in Article 10.
7.1 of the Code , or to enter a Case Resolution Agreement , as described in Article 10.8.2 of the Code .
The ITA will provide the Proactive Reporter with further information in this regard should the circumstances so warrant.
Physical protection The ITA cannot provide the Proactive Reporter or his /her family with physical protection .
Howev er, if circumstances reveal that a Proactive Reporter is in danger, the ITA will endeavour to assist, where appropriate, in raising and addressing this matter with the support of reliable stakeholders, WADA and/or relevant law enforcement authorities.
A prerequisite for receiving this protection is the Proactive Reporter giving explicit consent for the ITA to reveal their identity to the applicable authority , except in situations of immediate physical danger, where an experienced ITA intelligence expert may exceptionally elect to share this information with a specialised law enforcement authority in order to prevent potential harm coming to the Proactive Reporter and/or their family , while ensuring that the Proactive Reporter’s identity remains protected to the greatest extent possible.
Financial assistance and reward Although information provided by Proactive Reporters has proven to be a major impetus in the investigation and prosecution of ADRVs and in the broader pursuit of clean sport, this Policy delineates the ITA’s conservative approach towards any offer ing of financial assistance or compensation for assistance in the pursuit of ADRVs .
With this in mind, the ITA may – in exceptional circumstances only , and subject to a stringent case -by-case review process – give due consideration to providing reasonable financial assistance or rewards (or any other benefits) to Proactive Reporters .
Such a process would be subject to a thorough assessment and diligent internal review prior to submis sion to an ad hoc ITA Management Committee for review and consideration.
To this end, where appropriate and at its sole discretion, the ITA may consider under exceptional circumstances providing financial assistance and/or compensation to Proactive Reporters .
As an alternative, the ITA may also endeavour to encourage other entities, including the relevant ADO and/or WADA or public authorities, to provide financial assistance and/ or compensation under specific conditions.
Acts to discourage or retaliate against reporting The ITA is committed to ensuring that Proactive Reporte rs can provide anti-doping information without fear of retaliation or intimidation.
Any act that threatens or seeks to intimidate another person, in order to discourage g ood faith reporting of information related to doping concerns will not be tolerated.
Such conduct may in itself constitu te an ADRV under Article 2.11 and/or 2.5 of the Code, and the ITA will vigorously pursue any allegatio ns or suspicions of this conduct.
OBLIGATIONS OF THE PROACTIVE REPORTER AND ABUSE OF THE PROACTIVE REPORTING SYSTEM The Proactive Reporter agrees that they will not impersonate another person or entity when providing information to the ITA.
This includes the use of names, persona l data or other Page 10 of 10 information (including without limitation phone numbers or email addresses) pertaining to other individuals or entities , aside from when these details are being provided as part of the information reported and it is stated or implied that s uch information pertains to other individuals and is not intended for impersonation purposes.
Furthermore, the Proactive Reporter agrees that he/she will not falsely state or otherwise misrepresent any purported fact, matter or information or otherwise make any statement which he/she knows, believes or should have reasonably known or believed not to be true, accurate and correct in any report submitted to the ITA.
By submitting a report to the ITA, the Proactive Reporter expressly confirms that the information contained therein is true, accurate and correct to the best of his/her knowledge and reasonable belief.
Knowingly providing false information may amount to an ADRV and/or breaches of the Code and relevant ADO’s A nti-Doping Rules and the ITA may therefore take such and all actions as it considers appropriate in the circumstances to have such conduct sanctioned.
Please refer to Section 7 above for further information.
PERSONAL INFORMATION AND DATA PRIVACY For more information on the processing of personal information and data privacy please refer to the ITA Privacy Policy on the REVEAL platform s.
ANTI-DOPINGRULES2021INTERNATIONALWEIGHTLIFTINGFEDERATIONAdopted by the IWF Executive Board – 15.12.2020in effect with 01.01.2021Published byThe International Weightlifting FederationChief EditorIWF PresidentEditors - ContributorsInternational Testing Agency (ITA) Anti-Doping Policy Assessment Commission IWF Executive BoardCopyright : IWFAll rights reserved2021IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULES / 1TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION 3PREFACE 3FUNDAMENTAL RATIONALE FOR THE CODE AND IWF'S ANTI-DOPING RULES 3SCOPE OF THESE ANTI-DOPING RULES 4ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF DOPING 6ARTICLE 2 ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS 6ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING 10ARTICLE 4 THE PROHIBITED LIST 12ARTICLE 5 TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS 17ARTICLE 6 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES 22ARTICLE 7 RESULTS MANAGEMENT : RESPONSIBILITY, INITIAL REVIEW, NOTICE AND PROVISIONAL SUSPENSIONS 24ARTICLE 8 RESULTS MANAGEMENT: RIGHT TO A FAIR HEARING AND NOTICE OF HEARING DECISION 28ARTICLE 9 AUTOMATIC DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL RESULTS 30ARTICLE 10 SANCTIONS ON INDIVIDUALS 30ARTICLE 11 CONSEQUENCES TO TEAMS 42ARTICLE 12 SANCTIONS BY IWF AGAINST OTHER SPORTING BODIES 42ARTICLE 13 RESULTS MANAGEMENT: APPEALS 46ARTICLE 14 CONFIDENTIALITY AND REPORTING 50ARTICLE 15 IMPLEMENTATION OF DECISIONS 55ARTICLE 16 STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS 56ARTICLE 17 EDUCATION 56ARTICLE 18 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF MEMBER FEDERATIONS 572 / IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULES› IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULESARTICLE 19 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF IWF 59ARTICLE 20 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATHLETES 60ARTICLE 21 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATHLETE SUPPORT PERSONNEL 60 ARTICLE 22 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF OTHER PERSONS SUBJECT TO THESE ANTI-DOPING RULES 61 ARTICLE 23 INTERPRETATION OF THE CODE 62ARTICLE 24 FINAL PROVISIONS 62APPENDIX 1 DEFINITIONS 64IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULES / 3INTRODUCTIONPREFACEAt the International Weightlifting Federation (“IWF”)’s Executive Board Meeting held on 15 December 2020, the IWF accepted these Anti- Doping Rules which are based on the 2021 World Anti-Doping Code (the " Code ").
These Anti-Doping Rules are adopted and implemented in accordance with IWF's responsibilities under the Code , and in furtherance of IWF's continuing efforts to eradicate doping in sport.These Anti-Doping Rules are sport rules governing the conditions under which sport is played.
Aimed at enforcing anti-doping rules in a global and harmonized manner, they are distinct in nature from criminal and civil laws.
They are not intended to be subject to or limited by any national requirements and legal standards applicable to criminal or civil proceedings, although they are intended to be applied in a manner which respects the principles of proportionality and human rights.
When reviewing the facts and the law of a given case, all courts, arbitral tribunals and other adjudicating bodies should be aware of and respect the distinct nature of these Anti-Doping Rules, which implement the Code , and the fact that these rules represent the consensus of a broad spectrum of stakeholders around the world as to what is necessary to protect and ensure fair sport.As provided in the Code , IWF shall be responsible for conducting all aspects of Doping Control .
Any aspect of Doping Control or anti-doping Education may be delegated by IWF to a Delegated Third Party , such as the International Testing Agency (ITA), however, IWF shall require the Delegated Third Party to perform such aspects in compliance with the Code , International Standards , and these Anti-Doping Rules.
IWF has delegated its adjudication responsibilities and the relevant parts of Results Management to the CAS Anti-Doping Division (“CAS ADD”).When IWF has delegated its responsibilities to implement part or all of Doping Control to the ITA or to other Delegated Third Party , any reference to IWF in these Rules should be intended as a reference to the ITA or to the other Delegated Third Party , where applicable and within the context of the aforementioned delegation.
IWF shall always remain fully responsible for ensuring that any delegated aspects are performed in compliance with the Code .Italicized terms used in these Anti-Doping Rules are defined in Appendix 1.Unless otherwise specified, references to Articles are references to Articles of these Anti-Doping Rules.FUNDAMENTAL RATIONALE FOR THE CODE AND IWF’S ANTI-DOPING RULESAnti-doping programs are founded on the intrinsic value of sport.
This intrinsic value is often referred to as "the spirit of sport": the ethical pursuit of human excellence through the dedicated perfection of each Athlete’s natural talents.
Anti-doping programs seek to protect the health of Athletes and to provide the opportunity for Athletes to pursue human excellence without the Use of Prohibited Substances and Methods .
4 / IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULES› IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULESAnti-doping programs seek to maintain the integrity of sport in terms of respect for rules, other competitors, fair competition, a level playing field, and the value of clean sport to the world.The spirit of sport is the celebration of the human spirit, body and mind.
It is the essence of Olympism and is reflected in the values we find in and through sport, including: • Health • Ethics, fair play and honesty • Athletes’ rights as set forth in the Code • Excellence in performance • Character and Education • Fun and joy • Teamwork • Dedication and commitment • Respect for self and other Participants • Courage • Community and solidarity The spirit of sport is expressed in how we play true.
Doping is fundamentally contrary to the spirit of sport.SCOPE OF THESE ANTI-DOPING RULESThese Anti-Doping Rules shall apply to:a. IWF, including its board members, directors, officers and specified employees, and Delegated Third Parties and their employees, who are involved in any aspect of Doping Control ;b. each of its Member Federations , including their board members, directors, officers and specified employees, and Delegated Third Parties and their employees, who are involved in any aspect of Doping Control ;c. the following Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons :(i) all Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel who are members of IWF, or of any Member Federation , or of any member or affiliate organization of any Member Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations, or leagues); (ii) all Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel who participate in such capacity in Events, Competitions and other activities organized, convened, IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULES / 5authorized or recognized by IWF, or any Member Federation , or by any member or affiliate organization of any Member Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations, or leagues), wherever held;(iii) any other Athlete or Athlete Support Personnel or other Person who, by virtue of an accreditation, a license or other contractual arrangement, or otherwise, is subject to the authority of IWF, or of any Member Federation , or of any member or affiliate organization of any Member Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations, or leagues), for purposes of anti-doping; and(iv) Athletes who are not regular members of IWF or of one of its Member Federations but who want to be eligible to compete in a particular International Event or IWF Event .Each of the above mentioned Persons is deemed, as a condition of his or her participation or involvement in the sport, to have agreed to and be bound by these Anti-Doping Rules, and to have submitted to the authority of IWF to enforce these Anti-Doping Rules, including any Consequences for the breach thereof, and to the jurisdiction of the hearing panels specified in Article 8 and Article 13 to hear and determine cases and appeals brought under these Anti-Doping Rules.
1Within the overall pool of Athletes set out above who are bound by and required to comply with these Anti-Doping Rules, the following Athletes shall be considered to be International-Level Athletes for the purposes of these Anti-Doping Rules, and, therefore, the specific provisions in these Anti-Doping Rules applicable to International-Level Athletes (e.g., Testing, TUEs, whereabouts, and Results Management ) shall apply to such Athletes:a.
Athletes who are part of the IWF’s Registered Testing Pool and Testing Pool ; b.
Athletes who participate in IWF Events .
c. Athletes who are registered to participate in IWF Events.
Such Athletes are already considered as International-Level Athletes during the two-month period prior to the IWF Event in question.
If the Event is a World Championship (Youth, Junior and/ or Senior), then the period shall be of at least 3 months prior to the Event in question.
The Member Federations shall transmit the list(s) of Athletes entered to compete in the IWF Events in accordance with Article 5.5.16 of these Anti-Doping Rules.1 [Comment: Where the Code requires a Person other than an Athlete or Athlete Support Person to be bound by the Code, such Person would of course not be subject to Sample collection or Testing, and would not be charged with an anti-doping rule violation under the Code for Use or Possession of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method.
Rather, such Person would only be subject to discipline for a violation of Code Articles 2.5 (Tampering), 2.7 (Trafficking), 2.8 (Administration), 2.9 (Complicity), 2.10 (Prohibited Association) and 2.11 (Retaliation).
Furthermore, such Person would be subject to the additional roles and responsibilities according to Code Article 21.3.
Also, the obligation to require an employee to be bound by the Code is subject to applicable law.
IWF shall ensure that, as per Article 19 of these Anti-Doping Rules, any arrangements with their board members, directors, officers, and specified employees, as well as with the Delegated Third Parties and their employees – either employment, contractual or otherwise – have explicit provisions incorporated according to which such Persons are bound by, agree to comply with these Anti-Doping Rules, and agree on the IWF’s authority to solve the anti-doping cases.
]6 / IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULES› IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULESARTICLE 1DEFINITION OF DOPINGDoping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the anti-doping rule violations set forth in Article 2.1 through Article 2.11 of these Anti-Doping Rules.ARTICLE 2ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONSThe purpose of Article 2 is to specify the circumstances and conduct which constitute anti-doping rule violations.
Hearings in doping cases will proceed based on the assertion that one or more of these specific rules have been violated.Athletes or other Persons shall be responsible for knowing what constitutes an anti-doping rule violation and the substances and methods which have been included on the Prohibited List.The following constitute anti-doping rule violations:2.1 Presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample 2.1.1 It is the Athletes’ personal duty to ensure that no Prohibited Substance enters their bodies.
Athletes are responsible for any Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers found to be present in their Samples .
Accordingly, it is not necessary that intent, Fault, Negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated in order to establish an anti-doping rule violation under Article 2.1.2 2.1.2 Sufficient proof of an anti-doping rule violation under Article 2.1 is established by any of the following: presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in the Athlete’s A Sample where the Athlete waives analysis of the B Sample and the B Sample is not analyzed; or, where the Athlete’s B Sample is analyzed and the analysis of the Athlete’s B Sample confirms the presence of the Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers found in the Athlete’s A Sample ; or, where the Athlete’s A or B Sample is split into two (2) parts and the analysis of the confirmation part of the split Sample confirms the presence of the Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers found in the first part of the split Sample or the Athlete waives analysis of the confirmation part of the split Sample .32 [Comment to Article 2.1.1: An anti-doping rule violation is committed under this Article without regard to an Athlete’s Fault.
This rule has been referred to in various CAS decisions as “Strict Liability”.
An Athlete’s Fault is taken into consideration in determining the Consequences of this anti-doping rule violation under Article 10.
This principle has consistently been upheld by CAS.]
3 [Comment to Article 2.1.2: The Anti-Doping Organization with Results Management responsibility may, at its discretion, choose to have the B Sample analyzed even if the Athlete does not request the analysis of the B Sample.]
IWF 2021 ANTI-DOPING RULES / 72.1.3 Excepting those substances for which a Decision Limit is specifically identified in the Prohibited List or a Technical Document , the presence of any reported quantity of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample shall constitute an anti-doping rule violation.2.1.4 As an exception to the general rule of Article 2.1, the Prohibited List , International Standards or Technical Documents may establish special criteria for reporting or the evaluation of certain Prohibited Substances .2.2 Use or Attempted Use by an Athlete of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method42.2.1 It is the Athletes’ personal duty to ensure that no Prohibited Substance enters their bodies and that no Prohibited Method is Used .
Accordingly, it is not necessary that intent, Fault, Negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated in order to establish an anti-doping rule violation for Use of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method .2.2.2 The success or failure of the Use or Attempted Use of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method is not material.
It is sufficient that the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method was Used or Attempted to be Used for an anti-doping rule violation to be committed.52.3 Evading, Refusing or Failing to Submit to Sample Collection by an Athlete Evading Sample collection; or refusing or failing to submit to Sample collection without compelling justification after notification by a duly authorized Person .62.4 Whereabouts Failures by an Athlete Any combination of three (3) missed tests and/or filing failures, as defined in the International Standard for Results Management , within a twelve (12) month period by an Athlete in a Registered Testing Pool .
2.5 Tampering or Attempted Tampering with any part of Doping Control by an Athlete or Other Person 4 [Comment to Article 2.2: It has always been the case that Use or Attempted Use of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method may be established by any reliable means.
As noted in the Comment to Article 3.2, unlike the proof required to establish an anti-doping rule violation under Article 2.1, Use or Attempted Use may also be established by other reliable means such as admissions by the Athlete, witness statements, documentary evidence, conclusions drawn from longitudinal profiling, including data collected as part of the Athlete Biological Passport, or other analytical information which does not otherwise satisfy all the requirements to establish “Presence” of a Prohibited Substance under Article 2.1.