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]15.2 Implementation of other decisions by Anti-Doping Organisations The BIU (on behalf of the IBU) and NF Members may decide to implement other anti-doping decisions rendered by Anti-Doping Organisations not described in Article 15.1.1 above, such as a Provisional Sus-pension prior to a Provisional Hearing or accepta... |
[Comment to Articles 15.1 and 15.2: Anti-Doping Organisation decisions under Article 15.1 are imple-mented automatically by other Signatories without the requirement of any decision or further action on the Signatories’ part. |
For example, when a National Anti-Doping Organisation decides to Provisionally Suspend an Athlete, that decision is given automatic effect at the International Federation level. |
To be clear, the ‘decision’ is the one made by the National Anti-Doping Organisation, there is not a separate decision to be made by the International Federation. |
Thus, any claim by the Athlete that the Provisional Suspension was improperly imposed can only be asserted against the National Anti-Doping Organisation. |
Implemen-tation of Anti-Doping Organisations’ decisions under Article 15.2 is subject to each Signatory’s discretion. |
A Signatory’s implementation of a decision under Article 15.1 or Article 15.2 is not appealable separately from any appeal of the underlying decision. |
The extent of recognition of TUE decisions of other Anti-Dop-ing Organisations shall be determined by Article 4.4 and the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions. |
]15.3 Implementation of decisions by body that is not a Signatory An anti-doping decision by a body that is not a Signatory to the World Anti-Doping Code must be im-plemented by the IBU, BIU, and NF Members, if the BIU finds that the decision purports to be within the authority of that body and the anti-doping rules o... |
[Comment to Article 15.3: Where the decision of a body that has not accepted the World Anti-Doping Code is in some respects Code compliant and in other respects not Code compliant, the IBU, BIU, and NF Members should attempt to apply the decision in harmony with the principles of the World Anti-Doping Code. |
For example, if in a process consistent with the World Anti-Doping Code a non-Signatory has found an Athlete to have committed an anti-doping rule violation on account of the presence of a Prohibited Substance in the Athlete’s body but the period of Ineligibility applied is shorter than the period provided for in the W... |
The IBU’s/BIU’s or other Signatory’s implementation of a decision, or their decision not to implement a decision under Article 15.3, is appealable under Article 13.]16. |
Statute of limitationsNo anti-doping rule violation proceeding may be commenced against an Athlete or other Person unless they have been notified of the anti-doping rule violation as provided in Article 7, or notification has been reasonably attempted, within ten years from the date the violation is asserted to have oc... |
Compliance reports The BIU will report to WADA on the IBU’s compliance with the World Anti-Doping Code in accordance with Article 24 of the World Anti-Doping Code and the International Standard for Code Compliance by Signatories.18. |
EducationThe BIU will plan, implement, evaluate, and promote Education in line with the requirements of Article 18.2 of the World Anti-Doping Code and the International Standard for Education.19. |
Interpretation of the World Anti-Doping Code19.1 The official text of the World Anti-Doping Code will be maintained by WADA and published in Eng-lish and French. |
In the event of any conflict between the English and French versions, the English version will prevail.19.2 The comments annotating various provisions of the World Anti-Doping Code will be used to inter -pret the World Anti-Doping Code.19.3 The World Anti-Doping Code must be interpreted as an independent and autonomo... |
19.6 The World Anti-Doping Code will not apply retroactively to matters pending before the date the World Anti-Doping Code is accepted by a Signatory and implemented in its rules. |
However, pre-Code anti-doping rule violations would continue to count as ‘First violations’ or ‘Second violations’ for purposes of determining sanctions under Article 10 for subsequent post-Code violations.19.7 The Purpose, Scope and Organisation of the World Anti-Doping Program and the World Anti-Dop-ing Code and App... |
DefinitionsWhen used in these IBU Anti-Doping Rules, the following words or terms have the following meanings (the defined terms below include their plural and possessive forms, as well as those terms used as other parts of speech):ADAMS: The Anti-Doping Administration and Management System (ADAMS) is a web-based datab... |
However, this definition will not include the actions of bona fide medical personnel involving a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method Used for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or other acceptable justification and will not include actions involving Prohibited Substances that are not prohibited in Out-of-Comp... |
Adverse Passport Finding: A report identified as an adverse passport finding as described in the appli-cable International Standards.Aggravating Circumstances: Circumstances involving, or actions by, an Athlete or other Person that may justify the imposition of a period of Ineligibility greater than the standard sancti... |
Such circumstances and actions include, but are not limited to: the Athlete or other Person Used or Possessed multiple Prohib-ited Substances or Prohibited Methods, Used or Possessed a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method on multiple occasions or committed multiple other anti-doping rule violations; a normal indiv... |
For the avoidance of doubt, the examples of circumstances and conduct described herein are not exclusive and other similar circumstances or con-duct may also justify the imposition of a longer period of Ineligibility. |
Anti-Doping Activities: Anti-doping Education and information, test distribution planning, maintenance of a Registered Testing Pool, managing Athlete Biological Passports, conducting Testing, organising anal-ysis of Samples, gathering of intelligence and conduct of investigations, processing of TUE applications, Result... |
This includes, for example, the Inter -national Olympic Committee, the International Paralympic Committee, other Major Event Organisations that conduct Testing at their Events, the IBU and other international federations, and National Anti-Doping Organisations. |
Athlete: Any person who competes in sport at the international level (as defined by each International Federation), or the national level (as defined by each National Anti-Doping Organisation). |
An Anti-Doping Organisation has discretion to apply anti-doping rules to an Athlete who is neither an International-Level Athlete nor a national-level Athlete, and thus to bring them within the definition of ‘Athlete.’ In relation to Athletes who are neither International-Level Athletes nor National-Level Athletes, an ... |
However, if an Article 2.1, 2.3 or 2.5 anti-doping rule violation is committed by any Athlete over whom an Anti-Doping Organisation has elected to exercise its authority to test and who competes below the international or national level, then the Consequences set forth in these IBU Anti-Doping Rules must be applied. |
For purposes of Article 2.8 and Article 2.9 and for purposes of anti-doping information and Ed-ucation, any person who participates in sport under the authority of any Signatory, government, or other sports organisation accepting the World Anti-Doping Code is an Athlete. |
[Comment to Athlete: Individuals who participate in sport may fall in one of five categories: 1) Interna-tional-Level Athlete, 2) National-Level Athlete, 3) individuals who are not International- or National-Level Athletes but over whom the International Federation or National Anti-Doping Organisation has chosen to exe... |
All International- and Nation-al-Level Athletes are subject to the anti-doping rules of the World Anti-Doping Code, with the precise defi-nitions of international and national level sport to be set forth in the anti-doping rules of the International Federations and National Anti-Doping Organisations.] |
Athlete Biological Passport: The program and methods of gathering and collating data as described in the International Standard for Testing and Investigations and International Standard for Laboratories.Athlete Support Person: Any coach, trainer, manager, agent, team staff, official, medical, paramedical personnel, par... |
Atypical Passport Finding: A report described as an atypical passport finding as described in the appli-cable International Standards.BIU: As defined in Article 1.1.5.CAS: The Court of Arbitration for Sport.Competition: A single race, match, game or singular sport contest. |
For example, a basketball game or the finals of the Olympic 100-meter race in athletics. |
For stage races and other sport contests where prizes are awarded on a daily or other interim basis the distinction between a competition and an Event will be as provided in the rules of the applicable international federation. |
Consequences of anti-doping rule violations (‘Consequences’): An Athlete’s or other Person’s an-ti-doping rule violation may result in one or more of the following: (a) Disqualification means the Athlete’s results in a particular competition or Event are invalidated, with all resulting Consequences including forfeitu... |
(d) Financial Consequences means a financial sanction imposed for an anti-doping rule violation or to recover costs associated with an anti-doping rule violation; and (e) Public Disclosure means the dissemination or distribution of information to the general public or persons beyond those persons entitled to earlie... |
Contaminated Product: A product that contains a Prohibited Substance that is not disclosed on the product label or in information available in a reasonable Internet search.Decision Limit: The value of the result for a threshold substance in a Sample above which an Adverse Analytical Finding will be reported, as defined... |
This definition does not include CAS.Disqualification: See Consequences of anti-doping rule violations, above.Doping Control: All steps and processes from test distribution planning through to ultimate disposition of any appeal and the enforcement of Consequences, including all steps and processes in between, including... |
Factors to be tak -en into consideration in assessing an Athlete’s or other Person’s degree of Fault include, for example, the Athlete’s or other Person’s experience, whether the Athlete or other Person is a Protected Person, special considerations such as impairment, the degree of risk that should have been perceived ... |
In assessing the Athlete’s or other Person’s degree of Fault, the circumstances considered must be specific and relevant to explain the Athlete’s or other Person’s departure from the expected standard of behaviour. |
Thus, for example, the fact that an Athlete would lose the opportunity to earn large sums of money during a period of Ineligibility, or the fact that the Athlete only has a short time left in a career, or the timing of the sporting calendar, would not be relevant factors to be considered in reducing the period of Ineli... |
[Comment: The criteria for assessing an Athlete’s degree of fault are the same under all Articles where fault is to be considered. |
However, under Article 10.6.2, no reduction of sanction is appropriate unless, when the degree of fault is assessed, the conclusion is that No Significant Fault or Negligence on the part of the Athlete or other Person was involved. |
]Financial Consequences: See Consequences of anti-doping rule violations, above.IBU RTP: As defined in Article 5.5.1.In-Competition: The period commencing at 11:59 p.m. on the day before a Competition in which the Athlete is scheduled to participate through to the end of such Competition and the Sample collection proce... |
[Comment: Having a universally accepted definition for In-Competition provides greater harmonisation among Athletes across all sports, eliminates or reduces confusion among Athletes about the relevant time-frame for In-Competition Testing, avoids inadvertent Adverse Analytical Findings in between Competitions during an... |
INTERNATIONAL BIATHLON UNION 02I INTEGRITY CODE02I 69VERSION 2021 Independent Observer Program: A team of observers and/or auditors, under the supervision of WADA, who observe and may provide guidance on the Doping Control process prior to or during certain Events and report on their observations as part of WADA’s co... |
Individual Sport: Any sport that is not a team sport, i.e. |
individual, pursuit, sprint, super sprint and mass start competitions.Ineligibility: See Consequences of anti-doping rule violations, above.Institutional Independence: Hearing panels on appeal must be fully independent institutionally from the Anti-Doping Organisation responsible for Results Management. |
They must therefore not in any way be administered by, connected to or subject to the Anti-Doping Organisation responsible for Results Management.International Competition: as defined in the IBU Constitution.International Event: An Event where the International Olympic Committee, the International Paralympic Committee,... |
In respect of the IBU, an event is an International Event if it is an International Competition (as that term is defined in the Constitution). |
International-level Athlete: Athletes who compete in sport at the international level, as defined by each international federation, consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations. |
For the sport of Biathlon, International-Level Athletes are defined as set out in Article 1.2.3. |
[Comment: Consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations, the international fed-eration is free to determine the criteria it will use to classify Athletes as International-Level Athletes, e.g., by ranking, by participation in particular international Events, by type of license, etc. |
However, it must publish those criteria in clear and concise form, so that Athletes are able to ascertain quickly and easily when they will become classified as International-Level Athletes. |
For example, if the criteria include participation in certain international events, the international federation must publish a list of those international events. |
]International Standard: A standard adopted by WADA in support of the World Anti-Doping Code. |
In-ternational Standards include any Technical Documents issued pursuant to the International Standard.Major Event Organisations: The continental associations of National Olympic Committees and other international multi-sport organisations that function as the ruling body for any continental, regional or other internat... |
Marker: A compound, group of compounds or biological variable(s) that indicates the Use of a Prohibit-ed Substance or Prohibited Method.Metabolite: Any substance produced by a biotransformation process. |
Minimum Reporting Level: The estimated concentration of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolite(s) or Marker(s) in a Sample below which WADA-accredited laboratories should not report that Sample as an Adverse Analytical Finding.Minor: A natural person who has not reached the age of 18.National Anti-Doping Organisation... |
If this designation has not been made by the competent public authority(ies), the entity will be the country’s National Olympic Committee or its designee.National Event: A sport event involving international or national-level Athletes that is not an International Event.INTERNATIONAL BIATHLON UNION 02I INTEGRITY CODE02... |
The term National Olympic Committee will also include the national sport confederation in those coun-tries where the national sport confederation assumes typical National Olympic Committee responsibili-ties in the anti-doping area.NF Member: as defined in the Constitution.No Fault or Negligence: The Athlete or other Pe... |
Except in the case of a Protected Person or Recreational Athlete, for any violation of Article 2.1, the Athlete must also establish how the Prohibited Substance entered their system.No Significant Fault or Negligence: The Athlete or other Person’s establishing that any Fault or negli-gence, when viewed in the totality ... |
Except in the case of a Protected Person or Recreational Athlete, for any violation of Article 2.1, the Athlete must also establish how the Prohibited Substance entered their system.Operational Independence: This means that (1) board members, staff members, commission members, consultants, and officials of the Anti-Dop... |
The objective is to ensure that members of the hearing panel or individ-uals otherwise involved in the decision of the hearing panel, are not involved in the investigation of, or decisions to proceed with, the case.Out-of-Competition: Any period that is not In-Competition.Person: A natural person or an organisation or ... |
Possession: The actual, physical Possession, or the constructive Possession (which will be found only if the person has exclusive control or intends to exercise control over the Prohibited Substance/method or the premises in which a Prohibited Substance/method exists); provided, however, that if the person does not hav... |
Provided, however, there will be no anti-doping rule violation based solely on Possession if, prior to receiving notification of any kind that the person has committed an anti-doping rule violation, the person has taken concrete action demonstrating that the person never intended to have Possession and has renounced Po... |
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this definition, the purchase (including by any electronic or other means) of a Prohibited Substance or Prohib-ited Method constitutes Possession by the person who makes the purchase. |
[Comment to Possession: Under this definition, anabolic steroids found in an Athlete’s car would consti-tute a violation unless the Athlete establishes that someone else used the car; in that event, the BIU must establish that, even though the Athlete did not have exclusive control over the car, the Athlete knew about ... |
Similarly, in the example of anabolic steroids found in a home medicine cabinet under the joint control of an Athlete and spouse, the BIU must establish that the Athlete knew the anabolic steroids were in the cabinet and that the Athlete intended to exercise control over them. |
The act of purchasing a Prohibited Substance alone constitutes Possession, even where, for example, the product does not arrive, is received by someone else, or is sent to a third-party address. |
]Prohibited List: The list identifying the Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods.Prohibited Method: Any method so described on the Prohibited List.Prohibited Substance: Any substance, or class of substances, so described on the Prohibited List.Protected Person: An Athlete or other natural Person who at the time ... |
[Comment: The World Anti-Doping Code and these IBU Anti-Doping Rules treat Protected Persons dif-ferently than other Athletes or Persons in certain circumstances based on the understanding that, below a certain age or intellectual capacity, an Athlete or other Person may not possess the mental capacity to understand an... |
This would include, for example, a Paralympic Athlete with a documented lack of legal capacity due to an intellectual impairment. |
The term ‘open category’ is meant to exclude competition that is limited to junior or age group categories. |
]Provisional Hearing: For purposes of Article 7.3.3, an expedited abbreviated hearing occurring prior to a hearing under Article 8 that provides the Athlete or other Person with notice and an opportunity to be heard in either written or oral form. |
[Comment: A Provisional Hearing is only a preliminary proceeding that may not involve a full review of the facts of the case. |
Following a Provisional Hearing, the Athlete or other Person remains entitled to a sub-sequent full hearing on the merits of the case. |
By contrast, an ‘expedited hearing,’ as that term is used in Article 7.3.3, is a full hearing on the merits conducted on an expedited time schedule. |
]Provisional Suspension: See Consequences of anti-doping rule violations, above.Publicly Disclose (or Public Disclosure): See Consequences of anti-doping rule violations, above. |
Recreational Athlete: A natural Person who is so defined by the relevant National Anti-Doping Or -ganisation; provided, however, the term does not include any Person who, within the five years prior to committing any anti-doping rule violation, has been an International-Level Athlete (as defined by each International F... |
[Comment: The term ‘open category’ is meant to exclude competition that is limited to junior or age group categories. |
]Regional Anti-Doping Organisation: A regional entity designated by member countries to coordinate and manage delegated areas of their national anti-doping programs, which may include the adoption and implementation of anti-doping rules, the planning and collection of Samples, the management of results, the review of T... |
See also definition of IBU RTP .Results Management: The process encompassing the timeframe between notification as per Article 5 of the International Standard for Results Management, or in certain cases (e.g., Atypical Finding, Athlete Biological Passport, whereabouts failure), such pre-notification steps expressly pro... |
[Comment: It has sometimes been claimed that the collection of blood Samples violates the tenets of cer -tain religious or cultural groups. |
It has been determined that there is no basis for any such claim. |
]Signatories: Those entities accepting the World Anti-Doping Code and agreeing to implement the World Anti-Doping Code, as provided in Article 23 of the World Anti-Doping Code.Specified Method: See Article 4.2.2.Specified Substance: As defined in Article 4.2.2.Strict Liability: The rule that provides that under Article... |
Substance of Abuse: See Article 4.2.3.Substantial Assistance: For purposes of Article 10.7.1, a Person providing Substantial Assistance must: (1) fully disclose in a signed written statement or recorded interview all information they possess in rela-tion to anti-doping rule violations or other proceeding described in A... |
Further, the information provided must be credible and must comprise an important part of any case or proceeding that is initiated or, if no case or proceeding is initiated, must have provided a sufficient basis on which a case or proceeding could have been brought.Tampering: Intentional conduct that subverts the Dopin... |
Tampering shall include, without limitation, offering or accepting a bribe to perform or fail to perform an act, preventing the collection of a Sample, affecting or making impossible the analysis of a Sample, falsifying documents submitted to an Anti-Doping Or -ganisation or TUE committee or hearing panel, procuring fa... |
[Comment to Tampering: For example, this Article would prohibit altering identification numbers on a Doping Control form during Testing, breaking the B bottle at the time of B Sample analysis, altering a Sample by the addition of a foreign substance, or intimidating or attempting to intimidate a potential witness or a ... |
Tampering includes misconduct that occurs during the Results Management process. |
See Article 10.9.3.3. |
However, actions taken as part of a Person’s legitimate defence to an anti-doping rule violation charge shall not be INTERNATIONAL BIATHLON UNION 02I INTEGRITY CODE02I 73VERSION 2021 considered Tampering. |
Offensive conduct towards a Doping Control official or other Person involved in Doping Control that does not otherwise constitute Tampering shall be addressed in the disciplinary rules of sport organisations. |
]Target Testing: Selection of specific Athletes for Testing based on criteria set out in the International Standard for Testing and Investigations. |
Team sport: A sport in which the substitution of players is permitted during a competition, i.e. |
relay and mixed relay.Technical Document: A document adopted and published by WADA from time to time containing man-datory technical requirements on specific anti-doping topics as set forth in an International Standard.Testing: The parts of the Doping Control process involving test distribution planning, Sample collect... |
TUE Committee: The panel appointed by the BIU to consider applications for the grant or recognition of TUEs in accordance with Article 4.4.4.3. |
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