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They must therefore not in any way be administered by, connected or subject to the Anti -Doping Organization responsi ble for Results Management .
International Event : An Event or Competition where the International Olympic Committee, the International Paralympic Committee, an International Federation, a Major Event Organization, or another international sport organization is the ruling body for the Event or appoints the technical officials for the Event .
International -Level Athlete : Athletes who compete in sport at the international level, as defined by each International Federation, consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
For the sport of Wrestling and all its associated styles , International -Level Athletes are defined as set out in the Scope section of the Introduction to these Anti -Doping Rules.80 International Standard: A standard adopted by WADA in support of the Code .
Compliance with an International Standard (as opposed to another alternative standar d, practice or procedure) shall be sufficient to conclude that the procedures addressed by the International Standard were performed properly.
International Standards shall include any Technical Documents issued pursuant to the International Standard.
Major Event Organizations : The continental associations of National Olympic Committees and other international multi -sport organizations that function as the ruling body for any continental, regional or other International Event .
Marker : A compound, group of compounds or biological variable(s) that indicates the Use of a Prohibited Substa nce or Prohibited Method .
Metabolite: Any substance produced by a biotransformation process.
Minimum Reporting Level : The estimated concentration of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolite(s) or Marker(s) in a Sample below which WADA- accredited laboratories should not report that Sample as an Adverse Analytical Finding.
Minor : A natural Person who has not reached the age of eighteen (18) years.
National Anti -Doping Organization: The entity(ies) designated by each country as possess ing the primary authority and responsibility to adopt and implement anti -doping rules, direct the collection of Samples , manage test results, and conduct Results Management at the national level.
If this designation has not been made by the competent public authority(ies), the entity shall be the country’s National Olympic Committee or its designee.
80 [Comment to International -Level Athlete: Consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations, UWW is free to determine the criteria it will use to classify Athletes as International -Level Athletes, e.g., by ranking, by participation in particular International Events, by type of license, etc.
However, it must publish those criteria in c lear and concise form, so that Athletes are able to ascertain quickly and easily when they will become classified as International -Level Athletes.
For example, if the criteria include participation in certain International Events, then the International Federation must publish a list of those International Events.]
UWW 2021 Anti -Doping Rules Page 63 of 66 National Event : A sport Event or Competition involving International - or National -Level Athletes that is not an International Event .
National Federation : A national or regional entity which is a member of or is recognized by UWW as the entity governing UWW 's sport in that nation or region.
National -Level Athlete : Athletes who compete in sport at the national level, as defined by each National Anti-Doping Organization, consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
National Olympic Committee: The organization recognized by the International Olympic Committee.
The term National Olympic Committee shall also include the National Sport Confederation in those countries where the National Sport Confederation assumes typical National Olympic Committee responsibilities in the anti -doping area.
No Fault or Negligence: The Athlete or other Person's establishing that he or she did not know or suspect, and could not reasonably have known or suspected even with the exercise of utmost caution, that he or she had Used or been administered the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method or otherwise violated an anti -doping rule .
Except in the case of a Protected Person or Recreational Athlete , for any violation of Article 2.1, the Athlete must also establish how the Prohibited Substance entered the Athlete’s system .
No Significant Fault or Negligence: The Athlete or other Person's establishing that any Fault or Negligence, when viewed in the totality of the circumstances and taking into account the criteria for No Fault or Negligence, was not significant in relationship to the anti -doping rule violation.
Except in the case of a Protected Person or Recreational Athlete , for any violation of Article 2.1, the Athlete must also establish how the Prohibited Substance entered the Athlete’s system.
Operational Independence: This means that (1) board members, staff members, commission members, consultants and officials of the Anti -Doping Organization with responsibility for Results Management or its affiliates (e.g., member federation or confederation), as well as any Person involved in the investigation and pre-adjudication of the matter cannot be appointed as members and/or clerks (to the extent that such clerk is involved in the deliberation process and/or drafting of any decision) of hearing panels of that Anti -Doping Organization with responsibility for Results Management and (2) hearing panels shall be in a position to conduct the hearing and decision- making process without interference from the Anti -Doping Organization or any third party.
The objective is to ensure that members of the hearing panel or individuals otherwise involved in the decision of the hearing panel, are not involved in the investigation of, or decisions to proceed with, the case.
Out-of-Competition: Any period which is not In -Competition.
Participan t: Any Athlete or Athlete Support Person.
Person: A natural Person or an organization or other entity.
Possession : The actual, physical Possession , or the constructive Possession (which shall be found only if the Person has exclusive control or intends to exercise control over the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method or the premises in which a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method exists); provided, however, that if the Person does not have exclusive control over the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method or the premises in which a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method exists, constructive Possession shall only be found if the Person knew about the presence of the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method and intended to exercise control over it.
Provided, however, there shall be no anti -doping rule violation based solely on Possession if, prior to receiving notification of any kind that the Person has committed an anti -doping rule violation, the Person has taken concrete action demonstrating that the Person never intended to have Possession and has renounced Possession by explicitly declaring it to an Anti -Doping Organization.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this definition, the purchase (including by any electronic or other UWW 2021 Anti -Doping Rules Page 64 of 66 means) of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method constitutes Possession by the Person who makes the purchase.81 Prohibited List : The List identifying the Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods .
Prohibited Method : Any method so described on the Prohibited List .
Prohibited Substance: Any substance, or class of substances, so described on the Prohibited List .
Protected Person: An Athlete or other natural Person who at the time of the anti -doping rule violation: (i) has not reached the age of sixteen (16) years; (ii) has not reached the age of eighteen (18) years and is not included in any Registered Testing Pool and has never competed in any International Event in an open category; or (iii) for reasons other than age has been determined to lack legal capacity under applicable national legislation.82 Provisional Hearing : For purposes of Article 7.4.3, an expedited abbreviated hearing occurring prior to a hearing under Article 8 that provides the Athlete with notice and an opportunity to be heard in either written or oral form.83 Provisional Suspension: See Consequences of Anti -Doping Rule Violations above.
Publicly Disclose : See Consequences of Anti -Doping Rule Violations above.
Recreational Athlete: A natural Person who is so defined by the relevant National Anti -Doping Organization; provided, however, the term shall not include any Person who, within the five (5) years prior to committing any anti -doping rule violation, has been an International -Level Athlete (as defined by each International Federation consistent with the Internati onal Standard for Testing and Investigations) or National -Level Athlete (as defined by each National Anti -Doping Organization consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations), has represented any country in an International Event in an open category or has been included within any Registered Testing Pool or other whereabouts information pool maintained by any International Federation or National Anti -Doping Organization.84 Regional Anti -Doping Organization: A regional entity designated by member countries to coordinate and manage delegated areas of their national anti -doping programs, which may include the adoption and implementation of anti -doping rules, the planning and collection of Samples , the management of results, the review of TUEs , the conduct of hearings, and the conduct of E ducational programs at a regional level.
Registered Testing Pool : The pool of highest -priority Athletes established separately at the international level by International Federations and at the national level by National Anti -Doping Organizations , who are 81 [Comment to Possession: Under this definition, anabolic steroids found in an Athlete's car would constitute a violation unless the Athlete establishes that someone else used the car; in that event, UWW must establish that, even though the Athlete did not have exclusive control over the car, the Athlete knew about the anabolic steroids and i ntended to have control over them.
Similarly, in the example of anabolic steroids found in a home medicine cabinet under the joint control of an Athlete and spouse, UWW must establish that the Athlete knew the anabolic steroids were in the cabinet and that the Athlete intended to exercise control over them.
The act of purchasing a Prohibited Substance alone constitutes Possession, even where, for example, the product does no t arrive, is received by someone else, or is sent to a third party address.]
82 [Comment to Protected Person: The Code treats Protected Persons differently than other Athletes or Persons in certain circumstances based on the understanding that, below a certain age or intellectual capacity, an Athlete or other Person may not possess th e mental capacity to understand and appreciate the prohibitions against conduct contained in the Code.
This would include, for example, a Paralympic Athlete with a documented lack of legal capacity due to an intellectual impairment.
The term “open category ” is meant to exclude competition that is limited to junior or age group categories.]
83 [Comment to Provisional Hearing: A Provisional Hearing is only a preliminary proceeding which may not involve a full review of the facts of the case.
Following a Provisional Hearing, the Athlete remains entitled to a subsequent full hearing on the merits of the case.
By contrast, an “expedited hearing”, as that term is used in Article 7.4.3, is a full hearing on the merits conducted on an expedited time schedule.]
84 [Comment to Recreational Athlete: The term “open category” is meant to exclude competition that is limited to junior or age group categories.]
UWW 2021 Anti -Doping Rules Page 65 of 66 subject to focused In -Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing as part of that International Federation's or National Anti -Doping Organization's test distribution plan and therefore are required to provide whereabouts information as provided in Article 5.
5 and the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
Results Management : The process encompassing the timeframe between notification as per Article 5 of the International Standard for Results Management , or in certain cases (e.g., Atypical Finding , Athlete Biological Passport , whereabouts failure), such pre- notification steps expressly provided for in Article 5 of the International Sta ndard for Results Management , through the charge until the final resolution of the matter, including the end of the hearing process at first instance or on appeal (if an appeal was lodged).
Sample or Specimen: Any biological material collected for the purposes of Doping Control .85 Signatories : Those entities accepting the Code and agreeing to implement the Code, as provided in Article 23 of the Code.
Specified Method: See Article 4.2.2.
Specified Substance: See Article 4.2.2.
Strict Liability : The rule which provides that under Article 2.1 and Article 2.2, it is not necessary that intent, Fault , Negligence, or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated by the Anti-Doping Organization in order to establish an anti -doping rule violation.
Substance of Abuse: See Article 4.2.3.
Substantial Assistance: For purposes of Article 10.7.1, a Person providing Substantial Assistance must: (1) fully disclose in a signed written statement or recorded interview all information he or she possesses in relation to anti -doping rule violations or other proceeding described in Article 10.7.1.1, and (2) fully cooperate with the investigation and adjudication of any case or matter related to that information, including, for example, presenting testimony at a hearing if requested to do so by an Anti-Doping Organization or hearing panel.
Further, the information provided must be credible and must comprise an important part of any case or proceedin g which is initiated or, if no case or proceeding is initiated, must have provided a sufficient basis on which a case or proceeding could have been brought.
Tampering : Intentional conduct which subverts the Doping Control process but which would not otherwise be included in the definition of Prohibited Methods .
Tampering shall include, without limitation, offering or accepting a bribe to perform or fail to perform an act, preventing the collection of a Sample, affecting or making impossible the analysis of a Sample , falsifying documents submitted to an Anti-Doping Organization or TUE committee or hearing panel, procuring false testimony from witnesses, committing any other fraudulent act upon the Anti-Doping Organization or hearing body to affect Results Management or the imposition of Consequences , and any other similar intentional interference or Attempted interference with any aspect of Doping Control .86 Target Testing : Selection of specific Athletes for Testing based on criteria set forth in the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
Team Sport : A sport in which the substitution of players is permitted during a Competition.
85 [Comment to Sample or Specimen: It has sometimes been claimed that the collection of blood Samples violat es the tenets of certain religious or cultural groups.
It has been determined that there is no basis for any such claim.]
86 [Comment to Tampering: For example, this Article would prohibit altering identification numbers on a Doping Control form duri ng Testing, breaking the B bottle at the time of B Sample analysis, altering a Sample by the addition of a foreign substance, or intimidating or attempting to intimidate a potential witness or a witness who has provided testimony or information in the Doping Control process.
Tampering includes misconduct which occurs during the Results Management and hearing process.
See Article 10.9.3.3.
However, actions taken as part of a Person's legitimate defense to an anti -doping rule violation charge shall not be consider ed Tampering.
Offensive conduct towards a Doping Control official or other Person involved in Doping Control which does not otherwise constitute Tampering shall be addressed in the disciplinary rules of sport organizations.]
UWW 2021 Anti-Doping Rules Page 66 of 66 Technical Document : A document adopted and published by WADA from time to time containing mandatory technical requirements on specific anti- doping topics as set forth in an International Standard.
Testing: The parts of the Doping Control process involving test distribution planning, Sample collection, Sample handling, and Sample transport to the laboratory.
Testing P ool: The tier below the Registered Testing Pool which includes Athletes from whom some whereabouts information is required in order to locate and Test the Athlete Out -of-Competition.
Therapeutic Use Exemption ( TUE): A Therapeutic Use Exemption allows an Athlete with a medical condition to Use a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method , but only if the conditions set out in Article 4.4 and the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions are met.
Trafficking : Selling, giving, transporting, sending, delivering or distributing (or Possessing for any such purpose) a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method (either physically or by any electronic or other means) by an Athlete , Athlete Support Person or any other Person subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization to any third party; provided, however, this definition shall not include the actions of bona fide medical personnel involving a Prohibited Substance used for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or other acceptable justification, and shall not include actions involving Prohibited Substances which are not prohibited in Out -of-Competition Testing unless the circumstances as a whole demonstrate such Prohibited Substances are not intended for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or are intended to enhance sport performance.
UNESCO Convention: The International Convention against Doping in Sport adopted by the 33rd session of the UNESCO General Conference on 19 October 2005 including any and all amendments adopted by the States Parties to the Convention and the Conference of Parties to the International Convention against Doping in Sport.
Use: The utilization, application, ingestion, injection or consumption by any means whatsoever of any Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method.
WADA: The World Anti -Doping Agency.
Without Prejudice Agreement : For purposes of Articles 10.7.1.1 and 10.8.2, a written agreement between an Anti-Doping Organization and an Athlete or other Person that allows the Athlete or other Person to provide information to the Anti-Doping Organization in a defined time- limited setting with the understanding that, if an agreement for Substantial Assistance or a case resolution agreement is not finalized, the information provided by the Athlete or other Person in this particular setting may not be used by the Anti-Doping Organization against the Athlete or other Person in any Results Management proceeding under the Code, and that the information provided by the Anti-Doping Organization in this particular setting may not be used by the Athlete or other Person against the Anti-Doping Organization in any Results Management proceeding under the Code .
Such an agreement shall not preclude the Anti-Doping Organization, Athlete or other Person from using any information or evidence gathered from any source other than during the specific time -limited setting described in the agreement.
WORLD ANTI-DOPINGCODE2015WORLD ANTI-DOPINGCODE2015World Anti-Doping CodeThe World Anti-Doping Code was first adopted in 2003, took effect in 2004, and was then amended effective 1 January 2009.
The following document incorporates revisions to the World Anti-Doping Code that were approved by the World Anti-Doping Agency Foundation Board in Johannesburg, South Africa on 15 November 2013.
The revised 2015 World Anti-Doping Code is effective as of 1 January 2015.Published by:World Anti-Doping AgencyStock Exchange Tower800 Place Victoria (Suite 1700)PO Box 120Montreal, QuebecCanada H4Z 1B7URL: www.wada-ama.orgTel: +1 514 904 9232Fax: +1 514 904 8650E-mail: code@wada-ama.orgTable of ContentsPURPOSE, SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING PROGRAM AND THE CODE ........................... 11 THE Code ............................................................................. 11 THE WORLD ANTi-DOPiNg PROgRAM .............................. 12 InternatIonal StandardS ............................................... 12 MODELS OF BEST PRACTiCE AND gUiDELiNES ............... 13FUNDAMENTAL RATIONALE FOR THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING CODE ........................................................... 14PART ONE DOPING CONTROL INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 16ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF DOPING ....................................................... 18ARTICLE 2 ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS ......................................... 18 2.1 PRESENCE OF A ProhIbIted SubStanCe OR iTS MetabolIteS OR MarkerS iN AN athlete’S SaMPle ......................................................... 18 2.2 uSe OR atteMPted uSe By AN athlete OF A ProhIbIted SubStanCe OR A ProhIbIted Method .................................................. 20 2.3 EVADiNg, REFUSiNg OR FAiLiNg TO SUBMiT TO SaMPle COLLECTiON ..................................................... 21 2.4 WHEREABOUTS FAiLURES .................................................. 21 2.5 taMPerIng OR atteMPted taMPerIng WiTH ANy PART OF doPIng Control ...............................21 2.6 PoSSeSSIon OF A ProhIbIted SubStanCe OR A ProhIbIted Method .................................................. 22 2.7 traffICkIng OR atteMPted traffICkIng iN ANy ProhIbIted SubStanCe OR ProhIbIted Method ............................................................22 2.8 a d MI n IStra t I on OR atte MP ted a d MI n IStra t I on TO ANy athlete In-CoMPetItIon OF ANy ProhIbIted SubStanCe OR ProhIbIted Method, OR adMInIStratIon OR atteMPted adMInIStratIon TO ANy athlete out-of-CoMPetItIon OF ANy ProhIbIted SubStanCe OR ANy ProhIbIted Method THAT iS PROHiBiTED out-of-CoMPetItIon ......23 2.9 COMPLiCiTy...........................................................................23 2.10 PROHiBiTED ASSOCiATiON..................................................23ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING ............................................................ 25 3.1 BURDENS AND STANDARDS OF PROOF ............................ 25 3.2 METHODS OF ESTABLiSHiNg FACTS AND PRESUMPTiONS ................................................................... 25ARTICLE 4 THE PROHIBITED LIST ........................................................ 28 4.1 PUBLiCATiON AND REViSiON OF THE ProhIbIted lISt ........................................................... 28 4.2 ProhIbIted SubStanCeS AND ProhIbIted MethodS iDENTiFiED ON THE ProhIbIted lISt.
............. 28 4.3 CRiTERiA FOR iNCLUDiNg SUBSTANCES AND METHODS ON THE ProhIbIted lISt ......................... 30 4.4 THERAPEUTiC USE EXEMPTiONS (“ tues”).
....................... 31 4.5 MONiTORiNg PROgRAM ...................................................... 36ARTICLE 5 TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS ......................................... 36 5.1 PURPOSE OF teStIng AND iNVESTigATiONS ................... 36 5.2 SCOPE OF teStIng ............................................................... 37 5.3 event teStIng......................................................................39 5.4 TEST DiSTRiBUTiON PLANNiNg ......................................... 40 5.5 teStIng REQUiREMENTS .................................................... 41 5.6 athlete WHEREABOUTS iNFORMATiON ........................... 41 5.7 RETiRED athleteS RETURNiNg TO CoMPetItIon .......... 42 5.8 iNVESTigATiONS AND iNTELLigENCE gATHERiNg ......... 42ARTICLE 6 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES ......................................................43 6.1 USE OF ACCREDiTED AND APPROVED LABORATORiES ..................................................................... 43 6.2 PURPOSE OF ANALySiS OF SaMPleS ............................... 44 6.3 RESEARCH ON SaMPleS ..................................................... 44 6.4 STANDARDS FOR SaMPle ANALySiS AND REPORTiNg ...44 6.5 FURTHER ANALySiS OF SaMPleS ...................................... 45ARTICLE 7 RESUL TS MANAGEMENT ................................................... 46 7.1 RESPONSiBiLiTy FOR CONDUCTiNg RESULTS MANA gEMENT ...................................................................... 47 7.2 REViEW REgARDiNg adverSe analytICal fIndIngS .....49 7.3 NOTiFiCATiON AFTER REViEW REgARDiNg adverSe analytICal fIndIngS ......................................... 50 7.4 REViEW OF atyPICal fIndIngS .......................................... 51 7.5 REViEW OF atyPICal Pa SSPort fIndIngS AND adverSe Pa SSPort fIndIngS ............................................ 52 7.6 REViEW OF WHEREABOUTS FAiLURES .............................. 53 7.7 REViEW OF OTHER ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiONS NOT COVERED By ARTiCLES 7.1–7.6 .................................. 53 7.8 iDENTiFiCATiON OF PRiOR ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiONS ........................................................................... 54 7.9 PRiNCiPLES APPLiCABLE TO ProvISIonal SuSPenSIonS ....................................................................... 54 7.10 NOTiFiCATiON OF RESULTS MANA gEMENT DECiSiONS 56 7.11 RETiREMENT FROM SPORT .................................................57ARTICLE 8 RIGHT TO A FAIR HEARING AND NOTICE OF HEARING DECISION ...................................................... 57 8.1 FAiR HEARiNgS .................................................................... 57 8.2 event HEARiNgS ................................................................. 58 8.3 WAiVER OF HEARiNg ........................................................... 58 8.4 NOTiCE OF DECiSiONS ......................................................... 58 8.5 SiNgLE HEARiNg BEFORE CaS .......................................... 59ARTICLE 9 AUTOMATIC DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL RESULTS .................................................. 59ARTICLE 10 SANCTIONS ON INDIVIDUALS ............................................ 60 10.1 dISqualIfICatIon OF RESULTS iN THE event DURiNg WHiCH AN ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiON OCCURS ..............................................................60 10.2 InelIgIbIlIty FOR PRESENCE , uSe OR atteMPted uSe OR PoSSeSSIon OF A ProhIbIted SubStanCe OR ProhIbIted Method ......................................................60 10.3 InelIgIbIlIty FOR OTHER ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiONS ................................................................ 62 10.4 ELiMiNATiON OF THE PERiOD OF InelIgIbIlIty WHERE THERE iS no fault or neglIgenCe ................... 63 1 0.5 R EDUCT i ON OF THE P ER i OD OF Inel I g I b I l I ty BASED ON no SIgnIfICant fault or neglIgenCe ...................... 64 10.6 ELiMiNATiON, REDUCT iON, OR S USPENS i ON OF PERiOD OF InelIgIbIlIty OR OTHER Con S equen C e S FOR REASONS OTHER THAN fault ................................... 65 10.7 MULTiPLE ViOLATiONS ........................................................ 70 10.8 dISqualIfICatIon OF RESULTS iN CoMPetItIonS SUBSEQUENT TO SaMPle COLLECTiON OR COMMiSSiON OF AN ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiON ......72 10.9 ALLOCATiON OF CaS COST AWARDS AND FORFEiTED PRiZE MONEy ........................................................................ 72 10.10 fInanCIal ConSequenCeS ................................................ 72 10.11 COMMENCEMENT OF InelIgIbIlIty PERiOD .................... 73 10.12 STATUS DURiNg InelIgIbIlIty ............................................ 75 10.13 AUTOMATiC PUBLiCATiON OF SANCTiON .......................... 78ARTICLE 11 CONSEQUENCES TO TEAMS ................................................ 79 11.1 teStIng OF teaM SPortS ................................................... 79 11.2 ConSequenCeS FOR teaM SPortS ................................... 79 11.3 event RULiNg BODy MAy ESTABLiSH STRiCTER ConSequenCeS FOR t ea M S P ort S ................................... 79ARTICLE 12 SANCTIONS AGAINST SPORTING BODIES .......................... 80ARTICLE 13 APPEALS ............................................................................ 80 13.1 DECiSiONS SUBJECT TO APPEAL ....................................... 80 13.2 APPEALS FROM DECiSiONS REgARDiNg ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiONS , ConSequenCeS, ProvISIonal SuSPenSIonS, RECOgNiTiON OF DECiSiONS AND JURiSDiCTiON .......................................... 81 13.3 FAiLURE TO RENDER A TiMEL y DECiSiON By AN antI-doPIng organIzatIon ............................................... 85 13.4 APPEALS RELATiNg TO tueS .............................................. 86 13.5 NOTiFiCATiON OF APPEAL DECiSiONS .............................. 86 13.6 APPEALS FROM DECiSiONS UNDER PART THREE AND PART FOUR OF THE Code ........................................... 86 13.7 APPEALS FROM DECiSiONS SUSPENDiNg OR REVOkiNg LABORATORy ACCREDiTATiON ........................ 86ARTICLE 14 CONFIDENTIALITY AND REPORTING .................................. 87 14.1 iNFORMATiON CONCERNiNg adverSe analytICal fIndIngS, atyPICal fIndIngS, AND OTHER ASSERTED ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiONS .................... 87 14.2 NOTiCE OF ANTi-DOPiNg RULE ViOLATiON DECiSiONS AND REQUEST FOR FiLES ............................... 89 14.3 Publ IC dISC lo S ure ................................................................ 89 14.4 STATiSTiCAL REPORTiNg .................................................... 91 14.5 doPIng Control iNFORMATiON CLEARiNgHOUSE ........ 91 14.6 DATA PRiVACy ....................................................................... 92ARTICLE 15 APPLICATION AND RECOGNITION OF DECISIONS ............. 93 ARTICLE 16 DOPING CONTROL FOR ANIMALS COMPETING IN SPORT ...94ARTICLE 17 STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS .................................................. 94PART TWO EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ARTICLE 18 EDUCATION ......................................................................... 96 18.1 BASiC PRiNCiPLE AND PRiMARy gOAL ............................. 96 18.2 PROgRAMS AND ACTiViTiES ............................................... 96 18.3 PROFESSiONAL CODES OF CONDUCT ............................... 97 18.4 COORDiNATiON AND COOPERATiON .................................. 98ARTICLE 19 RESEARCH ......................................................................... 98 19.1 PURPOSE AND AiMS OF ANTi-DOPiNg RESEARCH ......... 98 19.2 TyPES OF RESEARCH ........................................................... 98 19.3 COORDiNATiON OF RESEARCH AND SHARiNg OF RESULTS ................................................................................ 99 19.4 RESEARCH PRACTiCES ........................................................ 99 19.5 RESEARCH USiNg ProhIbIted SubStanCeS AND ProhIbIted MethodS ............................................................ 99 19.6 MiSUSE OF RESULTS ............................................................99PART THREE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ARTICLE 20 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF SIGNATORIES .................................................................. 102 20.1 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF THE iNTERNATiONAL OLyMPiC COMMiTTEE ...................102 20.2 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF THE iNTERNATiONAL PARAL yMPiC COMMiTTEE ............ 103 20.3 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF iNTERNATiONAL FEDERATiONS ....................................... 104 20.4 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF natIonal olyMPIC CoMMItteeS AND NATiONAL PARAL yMPiC COMMiTTEES ...................................................................... 107 20.5 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF natIonal antI-doPIng organIzatIonS .......................... 109 20.6 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF Major event organIzatIonS ............................................ 111 20.7 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF Wada ....................... 112ARTICLE 21 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATHLETES AND OTHER PERSONS ................................. 113 21.1 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF athleteS ................ 113 21.2 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF athlete SuPPort PerSonnel .......................................... 114 21.3 ROLES AND RESPONSiBiLiTiES OF regIonal antI-doPIng organIzatIonS .......................... 115ARTICLE 22 INVOLVEMENT OF GOVERNMENTS...................................116PART FOUR A CCEPTANCE, COMPLIANCE, MODIFICATION AND INTERPRETATION ARTICLE 23 A CCEPTANCE, COMPLIANCE AND MODIFICATION ........... 120 23.1 ACCEPTANCE OF THE Code ................................................ 120 23.2 iMPLEMENTATiON OF THE Code ...................................... 121 23.3 iMPLEMENTATiON OF ANTi-DOPiNg PROgRAMS .......... 122 23.4 COMPLiANCE WiTH THE Code ............................................ 122 23.5 MONiTORiNg COMPLiANCE WiTH THE Code AND uneSCo ConventIon .................................................. 123 23.6 ADDiTiONAL ConSequenCeS OF A SIgnatory’ S NON-COMPLiANCE WiTH THE Code ................................. 124 23.7 MODiFiCATiON OF THE Code ............................................ 125 23.8 WiTHDRAWAL OF ACCEPTANCE OF THE Code ................ 125ARTICLE 24 INTERPRETATION OF THE CODE ......................................... 126 ARTICLE 25 TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS ............................................ 127 25.1 gENERAL APPLiCATiON OF THE 2015 Code ..................... 127 25.2 NON-RETROACTiVE EXCEPT FOR ARTiCLES 10.7.5 AND 17 OR UNLESS PRiNCiPLE OF “LEX MiTiOR” APPLiES ............................................................................... 127 25.3 APPLiCATiON TO DECiSiONS RENDERED PRiOR TO THE 2015 Code ................................................................. 127 25.4 MULTiPLE ViOLATiONS WHERE THE FiRST ViOLATiON OCCURS PRiOR TO 1 JANUARy 2015 ............. 128 25.5 ADDiTiONAL Code AMENDMENTS ................................... 128APPEND iX 1 DEFINITIONSDEFINITION S ......................................................................................... 130APPEND iX 2 EXAMPLES OF THE APPLIC ATION OF ARTICLE 10 EXAMPLES OF THE APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 10 ................................ 144World Anti-Doping Code • 201510World Anti-Doping Code • 201511[Comment: The Olympic Charter and the International Convention against Doping in Sport 2005 adopted in Paris on 19 October 2005 (“UNESCO Convention”), both recognize the prevention of and the fight against doping in sport as a critical part of the mission of the International Olympic Committee and UNESCO, and also recognize the fundamental role of the Code.
]PURPOSE, SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING PROGRAM AND THE CODEThe purposes of the World Anti-Doping Code and the World Anti-Doping Program which supports it are: • To protect the athletes ’ fundamental right to participate in doping-free sport and thus promote health, fairness and equality for athletes worldwide, and • To ensure harmonized, coordinated and effective anti-doping programs at the international and national level with regard to detection, deterrence and prevention of doping.The Code The Code is the fundamental and universal document upon which the World Anti-Doping Program in sport is based.
The purpose of the Code is to advance the anti-doping effort through universal harmonization of core anti-doping elements.
it is intended to be specific enough to achieve complete harmonization on issues where uniformity is required, yet general enough in other areas to permit flexibility on how agreed-upon anti-doping principles are implemented.
The Code has been drafted giving consideration to the principles of proportionality and human rights.World Anti-Doping Code • 201512[Comment: The International Standards contain much of the technical detail necessary for implementing the Code.
International Standards will, in consultation with the Signatories, governments and other relevant stakeholders, be developed by experts and set forth in separate documents.
It is important that the WADA Executive Committee be able to make timely changes to the International Standards without requiring any amendment of the Code.
]The World Anti-Doping Program The World Anti-Doping Program encompasses all of the elements needed in order to ensure optimal harmonization and best practice in international and national anti-doping programs.
The main elements are:Level 1: The CodeLevel 2: International StandardsLevel 3: Models of Best Practice and guidelinesInternational StandardsInternational Standards for different technical and operational areas within the anti-doping program have been and will be developed in consultation with the Signatories and governments and approved by Wada.
The purpose of the International Standards is harmonization among anti-doping organizations responsible for specific technical and operational parts of anti-doping programs.
Adherence to the International Standards is mandatory for compliance with the Code.
The International Standards may be revised from time to time by the Wada Executive Committee after reasonable consultation with the Signatories, governments and other relevant stakeholders.
International Standards and all revisions will be published on the Wada website and shall become effective on the date specified in the International Standard or revision.World Anti-Doping Code • 201513[Comment: These model documents may provide alternatives from which stakeholders may select.
Some stakeholders may choose to adopt the model rules and other models of best practices verbatim.
Others may decide to adopt the models with modifications.
Still other stakeholders may choose to develop their own rules consistent with the general principles and specific requirements set forth in the Code.Model documents or guidelines for specific parts of anti-doping work have been developed and may continue to be developed based on generally recognized stakeholder needs and expectations.
]Models of Best Practice and GuidelinesModels of best practice and guidelines based on the Code and International Standards have been and will be developed to provide solutions in different areas of anti-doping.
The models and guidelines will be recommended by Wada and made available to Signatories and other relevant stakeholders, but will not be mandatory.