Datasets:
timotheeplanes
/
doping

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
1
text
stringlengths
1
17.8k
Publicly Disclose : See Consequences of Anti -Doping Rule Violations above.
Recreational Athlete : A natural Person who is so defined by the relevant National Anti -Doping Organization ; provided, however, the term shall not include any Person who, within the five (5) years prior to committing any anti -doping rule violation, has been an International -Level Athlete (as defined by each International Federation consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations) or National -Level Athlete (as defined by each National Anti -Doping Organization consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations), has represented any country in an International Event in an open category or has been included within any Registered Testing Pool or other whereabouts information pool maintained by any International Federation or National Anti -Doping Organization .82 Regional Anti -Doping Organization : A regional entity designated by member countries to coordinate and manage delegated areas of their national anti -doping programs, which may include the adoption and implementation of anti -doping rules, the planning and collection of Samples , the management of results, the review of TUEs , the conduct of hearings, and the conduct of Educational programs at a regional level.
Registered Testing Pool : The pool of highest -priority Athletes established separately at the international level by International Federations and at the national level by National Anti -Doping Organizations , who are 79 [Comment to Possession : Under this definition, anabolic steroids found in an Athlete's car would constitute a violation unless the Athlete establishes that someone else used the car; in that event, the WKF must establish that, even though the Athlete did not have exclusive control over the car, the Athlete knew about the anabolic steroids and intended to have control over them.
Similarly, in the example of anabolic steroids found in a home medicine cabinet under the joint control of an Athlete and spouse, the WKF must establish that the Athlete knew the anabolic steroids were in the cabinet and that the Athlete intended to exercise contr ol over them.
The act of purchasing a Prohibited Substance alone constitutes Possession, even where, for example, the product does not arrive, is received by someone else, or is sent to a third -party address.]
80 [Comment to Protected Person : The Code treats Protected Persons differently than other Athletes or Persons in certain circumstances based on the understanding that, below a certain age or intellectual capacity, an Athlete or other Person may not possess the mental capacity to understand and appreciate the prohibitions against conduct contained in the Code.
This would include, for example, a Paralympic Athlete with a documente d lack of legal capacity due to an intellectual impairment.
The term “open category” is meant to exclude competition that is limited to junior or age group categories.]
81 [Comment to Provisional Hearing : A Provisional Hearing is only a preliminary proceeding which may not involve a full review of the facts of the case.
Following a Provisional Hearing, the Athlete remains entitled to a subsequent full hearing on the merits of the case.
By contrast, an “expedited hearing” , as that term is used in Article 7.4.3, is a full hearing on the merits conducted on an expedited time schedule.]
82 [Comment to Recreational Athlete : The term “open category” is meant to exclude competition that is limited to junior or age group categories.]
World Karate Federation (WKF) Anti -Doping Rules – takes effect as of 1st January 2021 Page 65 of 66 subject to focused In-Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing as part of that International Federation's or National Anti -Doping Organization's test distribution plan and therefore are required to provide whereabouts information as provided in Article 5.
5 and the International Standard for Testing and Investigations .
Results Management : The process encompassing the timeframe between notification as per Article 5 of the International Standard for Results Management , or in certain cases (e.g., Atypical Finding , Athlete Biological Passport , whereabouts failure), such pre -notification steps expressly provided for in Article 5 of the International Standard for Results Management , through the charge until the final resolution of the matter, including the end of the hearing process at first instance or on app eal (if an appeal was lodged).
Sample or Specimen : Any biological material collected for the purposes of Doping Control .83 Signatories : Those entities accepting the Code and agreeing to implement the Code , as provided in Article 23 of the Code .
Specified Method: See Article 4.2.2.
Specified Substance : See Article 4.2.2.
Strict Liability : The rule which provides that under Article 2.1 and Article 2.2, it is not necessary that intent, Fault , Negligence , or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated by the Anti-Doping Organization in order to establish an anti -doping rule violation.
Substance of Abuse : See Article 4.2.3.
Substantial Assistance : For purposes of Article 10.7.1, a Person providing Substantial Assistance must: (1) fully disclose in a signed written statement or reco rded interview all information he or she possesses in relation to anti -doping rule violations or other proceeding described in Article 10.7.1.1, and (2) fully cooperate with the investigation and adjudication of any case or matter related to that informati on, including, for example, presenting testimony at a hearing if requested to do so by an Anti-Doping Organization or hearing panel.
Further, the information provided must be credible and must comprise an important part of any case or proceeding which is i nitiated or, if no case or proceeding is initiated, must have provided a sufficient basis on which a case or proceeding could have been brought.
Tampering : Intentional conduct which subverts the Doping Control process, but which would not otherwise be included in the definition of Prohibited Methods .
Tampering shall include, without limitation, offering or accepting a bribe to perform or fail to perform an act, preventing the collection of a Sample , affecting or making impossible the analysis of a Sample , falsifying documents submitted to an Anti-Doping Organization or TUE committee or hearing panel, procuring false testimony from witnesses, committing any other fraudulent act upon the Anti-Doping Organization or hearing body to affect Results Management or the imposition of Consequences , and any other similar intentional interference or Attempted interference with any aspect of Doping Control .84 Target Testing : Selection of specific Athletes for Testing based on criteria set forth in the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
Team Sport : A sport in which the substitution of players is permitted during a Competition .
83 [Comment to Sample or Specimen : It has sometimes been claimed that the collection of blood Samples violates the tenets of certain religious or cultural groups.
It has been determined that there is no basis for any such claim.]
84 [Comment to Tampering : For example, this Article would prohibit altering identification numbers on a Doping Control form during Testing, breaking the B bottle at the time of B Sample analysis, altering a Sample by the addition of a foreign substance, or intimidati ng or attempting to intimidate a potential witness or a witness who has provided testimony or information in the Doping Control process.
Tampering includes misconduct which occurs during the Results Management process.
See Article 10.9.3.3.
However, action s taken as part of a Person's legitimate defense to an anti -doping rule violation charge shall not be considered Tampering.
Offensive conduct towards a Doping Control official or other Person involved in Doping Control which does not otherwise constitute T ampering shall be addressed in the disciplinary rules of sport organizations.]
World Karate Federation (WKF) Anti -Doping Rules – takes effect as of 1st January 2021 Page 66 of 66 Technical Document : A document adopted and published by WADA from time to time containing mandatory technical requirements on specific anti -doping topics as set forth in an International Standard .
Testing : The parts of the Doping Control process involving test distribution planning, Sample collection, Sample handling, and Sample transport to the laboratory.
Testing Pool: The tier below the Registered Testing Pool which includes Athletes from whom some whereabouts information is required in order to locate and Test the Athlete Out -of-Competition .
Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE): A Therapeutic Use Exemption allows an Athlete with a medical condition to Use a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method , but only if the conditions set out in Article 4.4 and the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions are met.
Trafficking : Selling, giving, transporting, sending, delivering or distributing (or Possessing for any such purpose) a Prohibited Su bstance or Prohibited Method (either physically or by any electronic or other means) by an Athlete , Athlete Support Person or any other Person subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization to any third party; provided, however, this definition shall not include the actions of bona fide medical personnel involving a Prohibited Substance Used for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or other acceptable justification, and shall not include a ctions involving Prohibited Substances which are not prohibited in Out-of-Competition Testing unless the circumstances as a whole demonstrate such Prohibited Substances are not intended for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or are intended to enhance sport performance.
UNESCO Convention : The International Convention against Doping in Sport adopted by the 33rd session of the UNESCO General Conference on 19 October 2005 including any and all amendments adopted by the States Parties to the Convention an d the Conference of Parties to the International Convention against Doping in Sport.
Use: The utilization, application, ingestion, injection or consumption by any means whatsoever of any Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method .
WADA : The World Anti-Doping Agency.
Without Prejudice Agreement : For purposes of Articles 10.7.1.1 and 10.8.2, a written agreement between an Anti-Doping Organization and an Athlete or other Person that allows the Athlete or other Person to provide information to the Anti-Doping Organization in a defined time -limited setting with the understanding that, if an agreement for Substantial Assistance or a case resolution agreement is not finalized, the information provided by the Athlete or other Person in this particular sett ing may not be used by the Anti-Doping Organization against the Athlete or other Person in any Results Management proceeding under the Code , and that the information provided by the Anti-Doping Organization in this particular setting may not be used by the Athlete or other Person against the Anti-Doping Organization in any Results Management proceeding under the Code .
Such an agreement shall not preclude the Anti-Doping Organization , Athlete or other Person from using any information or evidence gathered fr om any source other than during the specific time -limited setting described in the agreement.
World Triathlon Anti-Doping Rules In force as of January 1, 2021World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 3 PREFACE ............................................................................................................................. .................................................................. 3 FUNDAMENTAL RATIONALE FOR THE CODE AND WORLD TRIATHLON 'S ANTI-DOPING RULES .............. ......................... .3 SCOPE OF THESE ANTI-DOPING RULES ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 4 ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF DOPING ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 6 ARTICLE 2 ANTI -DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS ................................ ................................ .................... 6 ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 9 ARTICLE 4 THE PROHIBITED LIST ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 11 ARTICLE 5 TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS ................................ ................................ .................... 17 ARTICLE 6 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 21 ARTICLE 7 RESULTS MANAGEMENT : RESPONSIBILITY, INITIAL REVIEW, NOTICE AND PROVISIONAL SUSPENSIONS ................................ ................................ ......................... 23 ARTICLE 8 RESULT S MANAGEME NT: RIGHT TO A FAIR HEARING AND NOTICE OF HEARING DECISION ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 27 ARTICLE 9 AUTOMATIC DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL RESULTS ................................ ....... 29 ARTICLE 10 SANCTIONS ON INDIVIDUALS ................................ ................................ ....................... 29 ARTICLE 11 CONSEQUENCES TO TEAMS ................................ ................................ ............................ 41 ARTICLE 12 SANCTIONS BY WORLD TRIATHLON AGAINST OTHER SPORTING BODIES .............. 42 ARTICLE 13 RESUL TS MANAGEMENT: Appeals ................................ ................................ ................. 43 ARTICLE 14 CONFIDENTIALITY AND REPORTING ................................ ................................ ............ 47 ARTICLE 15 IMPLEMENTATION OF DECISIONS ................................ ................................ ................ 51 ARTICLE 16 STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS ................................ ................................ ............................. 52 ARTICLE 17 EDUCATION ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 53 ARTICLE 18 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF NATIONAL FEDERATIONS ............ 53 ARTICLE 19 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITES OF WORLD TRIATHLON ....................... 55 ARTICLE 20 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITES OF ATHLETES ................................ ........ 55 ARTICLE 21 ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITES OF ATHLETE SUPPORT PERSONNEL ... 56 ARTICLE 22 ADDITIONAL ROLES A ND RESPONSIBILITIES OF OTHER PERSONS SUBJECT TO THESE RULES …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
56 ARTICLE 23 INTERPRETATION OF THE CODE ………………………………………………………………………… 57 ARTICLE 24 FINAL PROVISIONS ………………………………………………………………………………………….
57 APPENDIX 1 DEFINITION S…………………………………………………………………………………………….
6 9 World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 3 INTRODUCTION Preface These Anti -Doping Rules are adopted and implemented in compliance with the World Triathlon’ s responsibilities under the World Anti -Doping Code (the " Code ”) and are in furtherance of the World Triathlon’s continuing efforts to eradicate doping in the sport of triathlon.
These Anti -Doping Rules are sport rules governing the conditions under which sport is played.
Aimed at enforcing anti -doping rules in a global and harmonized manner, they are distinct in na ture from criminal and civil laws.
They are not intended to be subject to or limited by any national requirements and legal standards applicable to criminal or civil proceedings, although they are intended to be applied in a manner which respects the princ iples of proportionality and human rights.
When reviewing the facts and the law of a given case, all courts, arbitral tribunals and other adjudicating bodies should be aware of and respect the distinct nature of these Anti -Doping Rules, which implement the Code , and the fact that these rules represent the consensus of a broad spectrum of stakeholders around the world as to what is necessary to protect and ensure fair sport.
As provided in the Code , World Triathlon shall be responsible for conducting all aspects of Doping Control .
Any aspect of Doping Control or anti -doping Education may be delegated by World Triathlon to a Delegated Third Party , however, World Triathlon shall require the Delegated Third Party to perform such aspects in compliance with the Code , International Standards , and these Anti -Doping Rules.
World Triathlon may delegate the relevant part of the Results Management to the CAS Anti -Doping Division (CAS ADD).
World Triathlon shall always rem ain fully responsible for ensuring that any delegated aspects are performed in compliance with the Code .
Terms used in these Anti -Doping Rules that are defined terms from the Code and Appendix 1 of these Rules are italicized.
Unless otherwise specified, r eferences to Articles are references to Articles of these Anti -Doping Rules.
Fundamental Rationale for the Code and World Triathlon ’s Anti-Doping Rules Anti-doping programs are founded on the intrinsic value of sport.
This intrinsic value is often referred to as "the spirit of sport": the ethical pursuit of human excellence through the dedicated perfection of each Athlete’s natural talents.
Anti-doping programs seek to protect the health of Athletes and to provide the opportunity for Athletes to pursue hum an excellence without the Use of Prohibited Substances and Methods .
Anti-doping programs seek to maintain the integrity of sport in terms of respect for rules, other competitors, fair competition, a level playing field, and the value of clean sport to the world.
The spirit of sport is the celebration of the human spirit, body and mind.
It is the essence of Olympism and is reflected in the values we find in and through sport, including: World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 4 • Health • Ethics, fair play and honesty • Athletes’ rights as set forth in the Code • Excellence in performance • Character and Education • Fun and joy • Teamwork • Dedication and commitment • Respect for rules and laws • Respect for self and other Participants • Courage • Community and solidarity The spirit of sport is expressed in how we pla y true.
Doping is fundamentally contrary to the spirit of sport .
Scope These Anti -Doping Rules shall apply to: i.
World Triathlon , including its board members, directors, officers, specified employees and Delegated Third Parties and their employees, who are involved in any aspect of Doping Control ; ii.
each of its National Federations , including their board members, directors, officers and specified employees and Delegated Third Parties and their employees, who are involved in any aspect of Doping Control ; iii.
the following Athletes , Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons : a. all Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel who are members of World Triathlon , or of any National Federation , or of any member or affiliate organization of any National Federation (including any clubs, Teams , associations, or leagues) ; b. all Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel who participate in such capacity in Events , Competitions and other activities organized, convened, authorized or recognized by World Triathlon , or any National Federation , or by any member or affiliate organization of any National Federation (including any clubs, Teams , asso ciations, or leagues) , wherever held; c. any other Athlete or Athlete Support Personnel or other Person who, by virtue of an accreditation, a license or other contractual arrangement, or otherwise, is subject to the authority of World Triathlon , or of any National Federation , or of any member or affiliate organization of any National Federation World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 5 (including any clubs, Teams , associations, or leagues), for purposes of anti -doping; d. Athletes who are not regular members of World Triathlon or of one of its National Federations but who want to be eligible to compete in a particular International Event .
Accordingly, these Anti -Doping Rules shall apply to all Code related Events over which the World Triathlon and its National Federations or any member or affiliate organization of any National Federation (including any clubs, Teams , associations, or leagues) have jurisdiction including but not limited to World Triathlon World Championships, World Triathlon World Cup Events , World Triathlon Contin ental Events , World Triathlon National Federations Championships and series Events which are of the format specified by the World Triathlon Competition Rules.
Each of the abovementioned Persons is deemed, as a condition of his or her participation or involvement in the sport, to have agreed to and be bound by these Anti -Doping Rules, and to have submitted to the authority of World Triathlon to enforce these Anti -Doping Rules, including any Consequences for the breach thereof, and to the jurisdiction of the hearing panels specified in Article 8 and Article 13 to hear and determine cases and appeals brought under these Anti -Doping Rules.
Within the overall pool of Athletes set out above who are bound by and required to comply with these Anti -Doping Rules, the following Athletes shall be considered to be International -Level Athletes for the purposes of these Anti -Doping Rules, and, therefore, the specific provisions in these Anti -Doping Rules applicable to International -Level Athletes (e.g., Testing , TUEs , whereabouts, and Results Management ) shall apply to such Athletes : • All Athletes who are included in the World Triathlon Registered Testing Pool and World Triathlo n Testing Pool , and, • All Athletes who are currently ranked in the World Triathlon World Rankings or World Triathlon ’s Paratriathlon rankings.
See: https://triathlon.org/rankings .
These Anti -Doping Rules will also apply to other organizations which are not Signatories to the Code promoting Events in the sport of triathlon who elect to adopt, implement and enforce these World Triathlon Anti-Doping Rules as their own; subject to proper comprehensive memorandums of understanding being agreed to in this regard between the World Triathlon and the relev ant organizations.
World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 6 ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF DOPING Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the anti-doping rule violations set forth in Article 2.1 through Article 2.1 1 of these Anti -Doping Rules.
ARTICLE 2 ANTI -DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS The purpose of Article 2 is to specify the circumstances and conduct which constitute anti-doping rule violations.
Hearings in doping cases will proceed based on the assertion that one or more of these specific rules have been violated.
Athletes or other Persons shall be responsible for knowing what constitutes an anti -doping rule violation and the substances and methods which have been included on the Prohibited List .
The following constitute anti -doping rule violations: 2.1 Presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample 2.1.1 It is each Athlete’s personal duty to ensure that no Prohibited Substance enters their bodies .
Athletes are responsible for any Prohibited Subs tance or its Metabolites or Markers found to be present in their Samples .
Accordingly, it is not necessary that intent, Fault , negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated in order to establish an anti -doping rule violation under Article 2.1.
2.1.2 Sufficient proof of an anti -doping rule violation under Article 2.1 is established by any of the following: presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in the Athlete’s A Sample where the Athlete waives analysis of the B Sample and the B Sample is not analyzed; or, where the Athlete’s B Sample is analyzed and the analysis of the Athlete’s B Sample confirms the presence of the Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers found in the Athlete’ s A Sample ; or where the Athlete’s A or B Sample is split into two (2) parts and the analysis of the confirmation part of the split Sample confirms the presence of the Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers found in the first part of the split Sample or the Athlete waives analysis of the confirmation part of the split Sample.
2.1.3 Excepting those substances for which a Decision Limit is specifically identified in the Prohibited List or a Technical Document , the presence of any reported quantity of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample shall constitute an anti -doping rule violation.
World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 7 2.1.4 As an exception to the general rule of Article 2.1, the Prohibited List , International S tandards or Technical Documents may establish special criteria for reporting or the evaluation of certain Prohibited Substances .
2.2 Use or Attempted Use by an Athlete of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method 2.2.1 It is the Athlete s’ personal duty to ensure that no Prohibited Substance enters their bodies and that no Prohibited Method is Used .
Accordingly, it is not necessary that intent, Fault , negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated in order to establish an anti-doping rule violation for Use of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method .
2.2.2 The success or failure of the Use or Attempted Use of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method is not material.
It is sufficient that the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method was Used or Attempted to be Used for an anti -doping rule violation to be committed.
2.3 Evading, Refusing or Failing to Submit to Sample Collection by an Athlete Evading Sample collection ; or refusing or failing to submit to Sample collection without compelling justification after notification by a duly authorized Person .
2.4 Whereabouts Failures by an Athlete Any combination of three (3) missed tests and/or filing failures, as defined in the International Standard for Results Management , within a twelve (12) month period by an Athlete in a Registered Testing Pool.
2.5 Tampering or Attempted Tampering with any part of Doping Control by an Athlete or Other Person 2.6 Possession of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method by an Athlete or Athlete Support Person 2.6.1 Possession by an Athlete In -Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any Prohibited Method , or Possession by an Athlete Out -of-Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any Prohibited Method which is prohibited Out-of- Competition unless the Athlete establishes that the Possession is consistent with a Therapeutic Use Exemption (“ TUE”) granted in accordance with Art icle 4.4 or other acceptable justification.
2.6.2 Possession by an Athlete Support Person In -Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any Prohibited Method , or Possession by an Athlete Support Person World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 8 Out-of-Competition of any Prohibited Substance or an y Prohibited Method which is prohibited Out-of-Competition in connection with an Athlete , Competition or training, unless the Athlete Support Person establishes that the Possession is consistent with a TUE granted to an Athlete in accordance with Article 4.4 or other acceptable justification.
2.7 Trafficking or Attempted Trafficking in any Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method by an Athlete or Other Person 2.8 Administration or Attempted Administration by an Athlete or Other Person to any Athlete In -Competition of any Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method, or Administration or Attempted Administration to any Athlete Out -of-Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any Prohibited Method that is Prohibited Out-of-Competition 2.9 Complicity or Attempted Complicity by an Athlete or Other Person Assisting, encouraging, aiding, abetting, conspiring, covering up or any other type of intentional complicity or Attempted compl icity i nvolving an anti -doping rule violation, Attempted anti-doping rule violation or violation of Article 10.1 4.1 by another Person .
2.10 Prohibited Association by an Athlete or Other Person 2.10.1 Association by an Athlete or other Person subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization in a professional or sport -related capacity with any Athlete Support Person who: 2.10.1.1 If subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization , is serving a period of Ineligibility ; or 2.10.1.2 If not subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization and where Ineligibility has not been addressed in a Results Management process pursuant to the Code , has been convicted or found in a criminal, disciplinary or professional proceeding to have engaged in conduct which would have constituted a violation of anti-doping rules if Code -compliant rules had been applicable to such Person.
The disqualifying status of such Person shall be in force for the longer of six (6) years from the criminal, professional or disciplinary decision or the duration of the criminal, disciplinary or professional sanction imposed; or 2.10.1.3 Is serving as a front or intermediary for an individual described in Article 2.10.1.1 or 2.10.1.2.
2.10.2 To establish a violation of Article 2.1 1, an Anti-Doping Organization must establish that the Athlete or other Person knew of the Athlete Support Person’ s World Triathlon Anti -Doping Rules 2021 9 disqualifying status.
The burden shall be on the Athlete or other Person to establish that any association with an Athlete Support Person descri bed in Article 2.10.1.1 or 2.10.1.2 is not in a professional or sport -related capacity and/or that such association could not have been reasonably avoided.
Anti-Doping Organizations that are aware of Athlete Support Personnel who meet the criteria descri bed in Article 2.10.1.1, 2.10.1.2, or 2.10.1.3 shall submit that information to WADA.
2.11 Acts by an Athlete or Other Person to Discourage or Retaliate Against Reporting to Authorities Where such conduct does not otherwise constitute a violation of Article 2.5: 2.11.1 Any act which threatens or seeks to intimidate another Person with the intent of discouraging the Person from the good -faith reporting of information that relates to an alleged anti -doping rule violation or alleged non -compliance with the Code to WADA , an Anti-Doping Organization , law enforcement, regulatory or professional disciplinary body, hearing body or Person conducting an investigation for WADA or an Anti-Doping Organization.
2.11.2 Retaliation against a Person who, in good faith, has provided evidence or information that relates to an alleged anti -doping rule violation or alleged non -compliance with the Code to WADA , an Anti-Doping Organization , law enforcement, regulatory or professional disciplinary body, hearing body or Person conducting an investigation for WADA or an Anti-Doping Organization .
For purposes of Article 2.11, retaliation, threat ening and intimidation include an act taken against such Person either because the act lacks a good faith basis or is a disproportionate response.
ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING 3.1 Burdens and Standards of Proof World Triathlon shall have the burden of establishing that an anti -doping rule violation has occurred.