id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict | label int64 0 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5a7dea8870df9f001a875312 | Matter | There is an entire literature concerning the "structure of matter", ranging from the "electrical structure" in the early 20th century, to the more recent "quark structure of matter", introduced today with the remark: Understanding the quark structure of matter has been one of the most important advances in contemporary... | What theory came after the quark structure of matter? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7dea8870df9f001a875313 | Matter | There is an entire literature concerning the "structure of matter", ranging from the "electrical structure" in the early 20th century, to the more recent "quark structure of matter", introduced today with the remark: Understanding the quark structure of matter has been one of the most important advances in contemporary... | Understanding electrical structure has lead to important advances in what field? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7dea8870df9f001a875314 | Matter | There is an entire literature concerning the "structure of matter", ranging from the "electrical structure" in the early 20th century, to the more recent "quark structure of matter", introduced today with the remark: Understanding the quark structure of matter has been one of the most important advances in contemporary... | Who described particles as quantum excitations? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7dea8870df9f001a875315 | Matter | There is an entire literature concerning the "structure of matter", ranging from the "electrical structure" in the early 20th century, to the more recent "quark structure of matter", introduced today with the remark: Understanding the quark structure of matter has been one of the most important advances in contemporary... | What theory uses spinor fields? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7deb7170df9f001a87531b | Matter | In the late 19th century with the discovery of the electron, and in the early 20th century, with the discovery of the atomic nucleus, and the birth of particle physics, matter was seen as made up of electrons, protons and neutrons interacting to form atoms. Today, we know that even protons and neutrons are not indivisi... | What field of physics began in the 19th century? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7deb7170df9f001a87531c | Matter | In the late 19th century with the discovery of the electron, and in the early 20th century, with the discovery of the atomic nucleus, and the birth of particle physics, matter was seen as made up of electrons, protons and neutrons interacting to form atoms. Today, we know that even protons and neutrons are not indivisi... | What do atoms form? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7deb7170df9f001a87531d | Matter | In the late 19th century with the discovery of the electron, and in the early 20th century, with the discovery of the atomic nucleus, and the birth of particle physics, matter was seen as made up of electrons, protons and neutrons interacting to form atoms. Today, we know that even protons and neutrons are not indivisi... | What are quarks divided into? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7deb7170df9f001a87531e | Matter | In the late 19th century with the discovery of the electron, and in the early 20th century, with the discovery of the atomic nucleus, and the birth of particle physics, matter was seen as made up of electrons, protons and neutrons interacting to form atoms. Today, we know that even protons and neutrons are not indivisi... | Leptons are made up of what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7deb7170df9f001a87531f | Matter | In the late 19th century with the discovery of the electron, and in the early 20th century, with the discovery of the atomic nucleus, and the birth of particle physics, matter was seen as made up of electrons, protons and neutrons interacting to form atoms. Today, we know that even protons and neutrons are not indivisi... | We now know that quarks and leptons are not what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e05ef70df9f001a875425 | Matter | These quarks and leptons interact through four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. The Standard Model of particle physics is currently the best explanation for all of physics, but despite decades of efforts, gravity cannot yet be accounted for at the quantum level;... | How many quarks and leptons are there? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e05ef70df9f001a875426 | Matter | These quarks and leptons interact through four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. The Standard Model of particle physics is currently the best explanation for all of physics, but despite decades of efforts, gravity cannot yet be accounted for at the quantum level;... | What model satisfactorily explains gravity? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e05ef70df9f001a875427 | Matter | These quarks and leptons interact through four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. The Standard Model of particle physics is currently the best explanation for all of physics, but despite decades of efforts, gravity cannot yet be accounted for at the quantum level;... | Interactions between quarks and leptons are the exchange of what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e05ef70df9f001a875428 | Matter | These quarks and leptons interact through four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. The Standard Model of particle physics is currently the best explanation for all of physics, but despite decades of efforts, gravity cannot yet be accounted for at the quantum level;... | Mass and energy can always be compared to what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e05ef70df9f001a875429 | Matter | These quarks and leptons interact through four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. The Standard Model of particle physics is currently the best explanation for all of physics, but despite decades of efforts, gravity cannot yet be accounted for at the quantum level;... | What relation explains the carriers of the electric force? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e070b70df9f001a875439 | Matter | The term "matter" is used throughout physics in a bewildering variety of contexts: for example, one refers to "condensed matter physics", "elementary matter", "partonic" matter, "dark" matter, "anti"-matter, "strange" matter, and "nuclear" matter. In discussions of matter and antimatter, normal matter has been referred... | Physics has broadly agreed on the definition of what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e070b70df9f001a87543a | Matter | The term "matter" is used throughout physics in a bewildering variety of contexts: for example, one refers to "condensed matter physics", "elementary matter", "partonic" matter, "dark" matter, "anti"-matter, "strange" matter, and "nuclear" matter. In discussions of matter and antimatter, normal matter has been referred... | Who coined the term partonic matter? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e070b70df9f001a87543b | Matter | The term "matter" is used throughout physics in a bewildering variety of contexts: for example, one refers to "condensed matter physics", "elementary matter", "partonic" matter, "dark" matter, "anti"-matter, "strange" matter, and "nuclear" matter. In discussions of matter and antimatter, normal matter has been referred... | What is another name for anti-matter? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e070b70df9f001a87543c | Matter | The term "matter" is used throughout physics in a bewildering variety of contexts: for example, one refers to "condensed matter physics", "elementary matter", "partonic" matter, "dark" matter, "anti"-matter, "strange" matter, and "nuclear" matter. In discussions of matter and antimatter, normal matter has been referred... | Matter usually does not need to be used in conjunction with what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a7e070b70df9f001a87543d | Matter | The term "matter" is used throughout physics in a bewildering variety of contexts: for example, one refers to "condensed matter physics", "elementary matter", "partonic" matter, "dark" matter, "anti"-matter, "strange" matter, and "nuclear" matter. In discussions of matter and antimatter, normal matter has been referred... | What field of study has a variety of unusual contexts? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
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