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Question: After a race, a newspaper lists the names of the five fastest runners. Another method that could be used to identify the five fastest runners is to make a chart that shows the Answer: time it took each runner to run the race.
Question: A scientist plans to investigate the nervous system of sea slugs. What should the scientist do first? Answer: Review the research other scientists have done on sea slugs.
Question: Natural selection is a mechanism that acts on individuals within a population. Which is a result of the process of natural selection? Answer: Organisms are better adapted to their environment.
Question: What chemical symbol represents the element iron? Answer: Fe
Question: A push or a pull on an object is an example of Answer: force.
Question: Which statement is a description of weather? Answer: The temperature is 55° F in Winslow today.
Question: Clouds and precipitation moved across western Massachusetts one evening. The temperature changed from 41°F to 28°F. Which of the following changes in precipitation most likely occurred on this evening? Answer: rain changing to sleet
Question: The human body has an average, normal temperature of about 98.6ºF. To keep the core body temperature from becoming too high, the brain sends a signal to the body to Answer: increase blood flow to the skin.
Question: Why is water considered to be a renewable resource? Answer: Water can be used over again.
Question: What is the most prominent land feature formed by the convergence of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates? Answer: Himalaya Mountains
Question: To which group does an animal belong if it lays eggs and has scales and gills? Answer: fish
Question: What causes nighttime and daytime on Earth? Answer: Earth rotating on its axis
Question: Which area is coldest? Answer: tundra
Question: Which scientist is credited with using a telescope in the seventeenth century to discover the moons of Jupiter? Answer: Galileo
Question: Which of these is a freshwater reservoir? Answer: Antarctic polar ice
Question: In eukaryotic organisms, microtubules give cells structure, and microfilaments help the cell contract and move. Together, they combine to perform functions similar to what two human body systems? Answer: the skeletal and muscular systems
Question: Which kind of rock is produced by deposition and cementation? Answer: sandstone, a sedimentary rock
Question: Which characteristic is inherited rather than learned? Answer: having blue eyes
Question: Which biological process in mammals occurs largely due to cell division? Answer: healing
Question: Frame construction predominates in the New England area due to the abundance of Answer: wood.
Question: Which of these properties of water helps moderate the weather of coastal areas? Answer: high specific heat
Question: Birds eat non-camouflaged moths at a higher rate than they eat camouflaged moths. In which situation would birds eat the moths at the slowest rate? Answer: light moths in a light environment
Question: During which process does a caterpillar become a butterfly? Answer: metamorphosis
Question: Gregor Mendel cross-pollinated red and white snapdragon flowers. What information indicates that incomplete dominance was achieved? Answer: The offspring were pink.
Question: What is the major function of the human excretory system? Answer: eliminate waste materials
Question: Yumiko gave some reasons why kettles and kitchen pans are often made of copper. Which reason is correct? Answer: Copper is a good conductor of heat.
Question: In most animals, combinations of various tissues make up functional units called Answer: organs.
Question: How do the spines of a cactus help it survive? Answer: Spines protect the cactus from animals.
Question: Water enters a plant cell through the Answer: cell wall.
Question: People are developing electric cars that would replace gasoline-burning cars. One major advantage of the electric car is that it Answer: causes less pollution.
Question: Which group of organisms would all be found living in a tropical rain forest? Answer: Vines, palm trees, tree frogs, monkeys
Question: Which SI unit would be most appropriate for recording the length of a typical classroom? Answer: meter
Question: If two objects are two meters apart, which of these changes will increase the gravitational force between the two objects? Answer: moving the objects to one meter apart
Question: Which of these cell structures converts nutrients to energy for cell functions? Answer: mitochondria
Question: Cumulonimbus clouds often form along cold fronts. Which type of weather is most likely to occur along a cold front? Answer: rain with possible severe thunderstorms
Question: An eagle is a bird that reproduces by laying its eggs in a dry nest. Which animal lays its eggs in a place most similar to the eagle? Answer: reptile
Question: The chemical formula for water is H_{2}O. What does the formula show about each element in the compound? Answer: the number of atoms of each element
Question: How far from Earth is an object that is 10 light years from Earth? Answer: the distance light can travel in 10 years
Question: The oceans most influence global climate by Answer: releasing heat to the atmosphere.
Question: A science class investigated the percentage of corn kernels that pop in bags of different brands of popcorn. Fifteen students tested three brands of popcorn each and reported their results to the class. Why did the teacher most likely have so many students report the results? Answer: for more accurate results
Question: The smallest part of an element that retains the properties of the element is the Answer: atom.
Question: What is the composition of the nucleus of an atom? Answer: protons and neutrons
Question: Which of these would best be shown as a 3-D model? Answer: skeletal system
Question: A root emerges from a seed because of the force of Answer: water against the seed coat.
Question: Which of these is the BEST reason to study weather? Answer: To be prepared for storms
Question: A recycling plant manager needs to melt 1500 kg of scrap copper to sell to a wire manufacturer. The copper is at 15°C and its melting point is 1083°C. The copper has a specific heat of 385 J/kg x K. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of the copper to its melting point? Answer: 6.2 x 10^8 J
Question: A decomposer is an organism that Answer: recycles nutrients
Question: Which type of scientist would study the relationship between simple machines and energy? Answer: physicist
Question: The seeds of an oak come from the ___. Answer: fruit
Question: A manufacturer wants to produce a container for food storage that does not break easily and is airtight, inexpensive, and microwave-safe. Which of the following is the best material to use to make the container? Answer: plastic
Question: When carbon and oxygen combine chemically, the mass of the product is Answer: equal to the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen
Question: Juvenile diabetes is a disease caused by the body's inability to create insulin. The body's white blood cells attack the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. This type of disease is known as Answer: an autoimmune disease.
Question: Which of these describes a property of all matter? Answer: All matter is made of atoms.
Question: Which of the following is a characteristic of all chemical changes? Answer: A new material is formed.
Question: What is the complementary base of adenine in DNA? Answer: thymine
Question: What is the density of a 64-g iron cube that displaces 8 mL of water? Answer: 8 g/mL
Question: What keeps Mars in orbit around the Sun? Answer: gravity
Question: Which material is primarily a mixture of weathered rock and organic matter? Answer: soil
Question: How do plants most commonly break large rocks into smaller pieces? Answer: Plant roots grow into cracks in rocks.
Question: Which statement best describes the climate of Nevada? Answer: Humidity is low throughout every summer.
Question: What is the primary function of skin cells? Answer: to provide a physical barrier to the body
Question: Some plants grow only in specific places in the world. Some cacti, for example, grow only in deserts. Which of the following is most important in determining where a plant can grow and survive? Answer: climate
Question: A geologist found fossils of horse bones in different rock layers of a canyon. The fossils in the lower levels show shorter bones than those in the upper-level fossils. Which conclusion is based on the geologist's observations? Answer: Horse's became larger over time.
Question: Which of the following is a reason life in the outermost planets is less likely than life on planets nearer the Sun? Answer: Their surfaces are extremely cold.
Question: Which statement best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized? Answer: increasing atomic number from left to right
Question: Nonrenewable sources of energy have limited supplies. Researchers are developing devices that will make renewable energy more available. Which is a source of renewable energy? Answer: wind
Question: Which of these living things in a grassland ecosystem depend on the presence of a variety of bacteria and other microorganisms in the soil? Answer: all the organisms in the ecosystem
Question: An ecosystem is a community of organisms interacting with their physical environment. Why are decomposers an important part of ecosystems? Answer: They break down dead organisms to return nutrients to the soil.
Question: Which term identifies a group of cells that work together to perform a similar function? Answer: tissue
Question: Which of these statements is not considered part of the Big Bang Theory? Answer: The universe never changes.
Question: Cells in the body use oxygen (O2) for cellular respiration. Which is the result of cellular respiration? Answer: ATP is produced and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released.
Question: Which geologic process is absent from the Gulf Coast states? Answer: subduction zones
Question: The human body gets the energy it needs for growth and repair directly from Answer: food
Question: In what type of rock would a geologist most likely find evidence of ancient life? Answer: sedimentary
Question: During the Apollo 14 moon landing, astronauts played golf on the moon. Which of the following would be less on the moon than on Earth? Answer: The weight of the golf ball
Question: Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are all processes which occur in the Answer: water cycle.
Question: Directions Read the information about wind erosion then answer the question. Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. Walter wanted to find out if faster wind speeds increased the amount of wind erosion. Which instrument should he use to measure wind speed? Answer: anemometer
Question: Where does oxygen-rich blood go after leaving the lungs? Answer: the heart.
Question: Chemical pesticides are sometimes sprayed on crops to kill insects that eat the crops. People have different viewpoints about the use of pesticides on crops. What might be a concern about using pesticides on the crops? Answer: Will the food harm humans?
Question: The number of fish in a lake suddenly increases. How will the increase most likely affect the lake? Answer: There will be fewer insects in the lake.
Question: Which statement correctly describes a relationship between two human body systems? Answer: The digestive system absorbs nutrients which are transported by the circulatory system.
Question: Which statement best explains Earth's day and night cycle? Answer: Earth rotates once each day on its axis.
Question: What is the first thing a student should do if an accident happens during a science experiment? Answer: report to the teacher
Question: Which of the following helps keep the Moon in its orbit? Answer: gravity
Question: Which process allows green plants to control the amount of water stored in their leaves? Answer: transpiration
Question: What is a job of white blood cells? Answer: fight disease
Question: Which is an example of kinetic energy? Answer: a ball rolling down a hill
Question: A new mutation that occurs in which type of cell can be passed on to offspring? Answer: egg cell
Question: When too much salt is detected in the bloodstream, the brain secretes a hormone that helps the body retain water by reducing the amount of urine produced. This is an example of Answer: a feedback loop.
Question: Which of these is a safe practice in a laboratory investigation when working with chemicals? Answer: wearing safety goggles when working with chemicals
Question: Which change in the environment would have a negative effect on the survival of a species in an ecosystem? Answer: introduction of a competing species
Question: An element is identified by Answer: its number of protons.
Question: Which of these dissolve in water? Answer: Sugar cubes
Question: What is the main function of a plant stem? Answer: to carry food and water to the rest of the plant
Question: Naturally occurring variations within a species are mainly the result of mutations and Answer: sexual reproduction
Question: As a sample of water turns to ice, Answer: the arrangement of the molecules changes.
Question: An ice cube is placed in a pan. The pan is placed over an open flame. Which change will most likely happen over time? Answer: The ice changes to a liquid then to a gas.
Question: Byron is investigating how temperature affects mold growth on bread. Before starting his procedure, Byron states in his journal that he thinks wet bread placed in the refrigerator will grow the most mold. Which term best describes Byron's statement? Answer: hypothesis
Question: The telephone was invented in Boston by Answer: Alexander Graham Bell.
Question: Which characteristic can an amoeba change that a paramecium cannot change? Answer: shape