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Motivated by Verlinde's theory of entropic gravity, we give a tentative explanation to Coulomb's law with an entropic force. When trying to do this, we find the equipartition rule should be extended to charges and the concept of temperature should be reinterpreted. If one accepts the holographic principle as well as our generalizations and reinterpretations, then Coulomb's law, the Poisson equation and the Maxwell equations can be derived smoothly. Our attempt can be regarded as a new way to unify the electromagnetic force with gravity, from the entropic origin. Possibly some of our postulates are related to the D-brane picture of black hole thermodynamics.
I am a Markham resident. I can tell you that 9.1% is understated by a couple of orders of magnitude in our area (Unionville). I would not be surprised if it were closer to 50-60%. For years Markham Council members have tried to debunk the claims that offshore investors are causing the real estate frenzy. The position of developers is well known and our council has always favoured developers in these debates. I am glad that some facts are being collected but I hope they will not be distorted by sloppy reporting by the media (previously announced 4.7%). I would encourage the G&M to dig deeper to understand this data and not just parrot what the Province releases in a Press Release. Ask questions please.
Classical density functional theory (DFT) of fluids is a valuable tool to analyze inhomogeneous fluids. However, few numerical solution algorithms for three-dimensional systems exist. Here we present an efficient numerical scheme for fluids of charged, hard spheres that uses $\mathcal{O}(N\log N)$ operations and $\mathcal{O}(N)$ memory, where $N$ is the number of grid points. This system-size scaling is significant because of the very large $N$ required for three-dimensional systems. The algorithm uses fast Fourier transforms (FFT) to evaluate the convolutions of the DFT Euler-Lagrange equations and Picard (iterative substitution) iteration with line search to solve the equations. The pros and cons of this FFT/Picard technique are compared to those of alternative solution methods that use real-space integration of the convolutions instead of FFTs and Newton iteration instead of Picard. For the hard-sphere DFT we use Fundamental Measure Theory. For the electrostatic DFT we present two algorithms. One is for the \textquotedblleft bulk-fluid\textquotedblright functional of Rosenfeld [Y. Rosenfeld. \textit{J. Chem. Phys.} 98, 8126 (1993)] that uses $\mathcal{O}(N\log N)$ operations. The other is for the \textquotedblleft reference fluid density\textquotedblright (RFD) functional [D. Gillespie et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14, 12129 (2002)]. This functional is significantly more accurate than the bulk-fluid functional, but the RFD algorithm requires $\mathcal{O}(N^{2})$ operations.
Spacetime Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods are used to solve hyperbolic PDEs describing wavelike physical phenomena. When the PDEs are nonlinear, the speed of propagation of the phenomena, called the wavespeed, at any point in the spacetime domain is computed as part of the solution. We give an advancing front algorithm to construct a simplicial mesh of the spacetime domain suitable for DG solutions. Given a simplicial mesh of a bounded linear or planar space domain M, we incrementally construct a mesh of the spacetime domain M x [0,infinity) such that the solution can be computed in constant time per element. We add a patch of spacetime elements to the mesh at every step. The boundary of every patch is causal which means that the elements in the patch can be solved immediately and that the patches in the mesh are partially ordered by dependence. The elements in a single patch are coupled because they share implicit faces; however, the number of elements in each patch is bounded. The main contribution of this paper is sufficient constraints on the progress in time made by the algorithm at each step which guarantee that a new patch with causal boundary can be added to the mesh at every step even when the wavespeed is increasing discontinuously. Our algorithm adapts to the local gradation of the space mesh as well as the wavespeed that most constrains progress at each step. Previous algorithms have been restricted at each step by the maximum wavespeed throughout the entire spacetime domain.
We suggest that superscaling in electroweak interactions with nuclei, namely the observation that the reduced electron-nucleus cross sections are to a large degree independent of the momentum transfer and of the nuclear species, can be used as a tool to obtain precise predictions for neutrino-nucleus cross sections in both charged and neutral current-induced processes.
This is a low grade cold war propaganda film crossed with a soapie. It may have some long-term significance as a snapshot of 1950s US thinking, but there is little else to commend in the mawkish storyline, wooden acting and grating style. There are some interesting photos of long-gone aircraft, but that was not enough for even this aircraft enthusiast to leave it on the screen for the full length.
Context. Kepler observations have revealed a class of short period exoplanets, of which Kepler-1520 b is the prototype, which have comet-like dust tails thought to be the result of small, rocky planets losing mass. The shape and chromaticity of the transits constrain the properties of the dust particles originating from the planet's surface, offering a unique opportunity to probe the composition and geophysics of rocky exoplanets. Aims. We aim to approximate the average Kepler long-cadence light curve of Kepler-1520 b and investigate how the optical thickness and transit cross-section of a general dust tail can affect the observed wavelength dependence and depth of transit light curves. Methods. We developed a new 3D model that ejects sublimating particles from the planet surface to build up a dust tail, assuming it to be optically thin, and used 3D radiative transfer computations that fully treat scattering using the distribution of hollow spheres (DHS) method, to generate transit light curves between 0.45 and 2.5 $\mu$m. Results. We show that the transit depth is wavelength independent for optically thick tails, potentially explaining why only some observations indicate a wavelength dependence. From the 3D nature of our simulated tails, we show that their transit cross-sections are related to the component of particle ejection velocity perpendicular to the planet's orbital plane and use this to derive a minimum ejection velocity of 1.2 kms$^{-1}$. To fit the average transit depth of Kepler-1520 b of 0.87%, we require a high dust mas-loss rate of 7 $-$ 80 M$_\oplus$ Gyr$^{-1}$ which implies planet lifetimes that may be inconsistent with the observed sample. Therefore, these mass-loss rates should be considered to be upper limits.
Wind Up Toys Worked Very Poorly, Some Broke During First Use My Grandchildren were quickly disappointed after they discovered them in their Easter Baskets. Some of them barely wobbled or moved. A few just stopped working the first time they played with them during our Easter celebration. Very cute looking but made cheap. Complete waste of money, and made my Grandchildren sad. I do NOT recommend.
A novel technique is presented for describing and visualizing the local topology of the magnetic field using single-spacecraft data in the solar wind. The approach merges two established techniques: the Grad-Shafranov (GS) reconstruction method, which provides a plausible regional two-dimensional magnetic field surrounding the spacecraft trajectory, and the Partial Variance of Increments (PVI) technique that identifies coherent magnetic structures, such as current sheets. When applied to one month of Wind magnetic field data at 1-minute resolution, we find that the quasi-two-dimensional turbulence emerges as a sea of magnetic islands and current sheets. Statistical analysis confirms that current sheets associated with high values of PVI are mostly located between and within the GS magnetic islands, corresponding to X-points and internal boundaries. The method shows great promise for visualizing and analyzing single-spacecraft data from missions such as Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter, as well as 1 AU Space Weather monitors such as ACE, Wind and IMAP.
We study the optical evolution of the 2015 outburst in V404 Cyg, with emphasis on the peculiar nebular phase and subsequent decay to quiescence. From the decay timescale of the Balmer emission associated with the nebula we measure an outflow mass M_wind~4x10^{-6} Msun. Remarkably, this is ~100 times larger than the accreted mass and ~10% of the total mass stored in the disc. The wind efficiency must therefore be significantly larger than previous estimates for black hole transients, suggesting that radiation pressure (in addition to other mechanisms such as Compton-heating) plays a key role in V404 Cyg. In addition, we compare the evolution of the 2015 and 1989 outbursts and find clear similarities (namely a large luminosity drop ~10 d after the X-ray trigger, followed by a brief nebular phase) but also remarkable differences in decay timescales and long-term evolution of the Halpha profile. In particular, we see evidence for a rapid disc contraction in 2015, consistent with a burst of mass transfer. This could be driven by the response of the companion to hard X-ray illumination, most notably during the last gigantic (super-Eddington) flare on 25 June 2015. We argue that irradiation and consequential disc wind are key factors to understand the different outburst histories in 1989 and 2015. In the latter case, radiation pressure may be responsible for the abrupt end of the outburst through depleting inner parts of the disc, thus quenching accretion and X-ray irradiation. We also present a refined orbital period and updated ephemeris.
For the $p$-dimensional filiform Lie algebra ${\mathfrak m}_2(p)$ over a field ${\mathbb F}$ of prime characteristic $p\ge 5$ with nonzero Lie brackets $[e_1,e_i] = e_{i+1}$ for $1<i<p$ and $[e_2,e_i]=e_{i+2}$ for $2<i<p-1$, we show that there is a family ${\mathfrak m}_2^{\lambda}(p)$ of restricted Lie algebra structures parameterized by elements $\lambda \in {\mathbb F}^p$. We explicitly describe bases for the ordinary and restricted 1- and 2-cohomology spaces with trivial coefficients, and give formulas for the bracket and $[p]$-operations in the corresponding restricted one-dimensional central extensions.
The exchange of spin-0 or spin-1 bosons between fermions or spin-polarised macroscopic objects gives rise to various spin-dependent potentials. We derive the coordinate-space non-relativistic potentials induced by the exchange of such bosons, including contact terms that can play an important role in atomic-scale phenomena, and correct for errors and omissions in the literature. We summarise the properties of the potentials and their relevance for various types of experiments. These potentials underpin the interpretation of experiments that search for new bosons, including spectroscopy, torsion-pendulum measurements, magnetometry, parity nonconservation and electric dipole moment experiments.
Stratford kindergarten registration to begin in February STRATFORD — Kindergarten registration for August 2020 will begin in the month of February. If you have a child who will turn five (5) years of age on or before Jan. 1, 2021, please complete the online name collection form available on the Stratford Board of Education website at www.stratfordk12.org. It is located under “Families” and “Kindergarten Information.” If you have any questions, please call the Registration Department at (203) 381-6924. Parent(s)/guardian(s) will receive information about the online Kindergarten Registration process when the 2020-2021 Kindergarten Registration Packet becomes available in early February 2020.
The filter is working great & I don't anticipate ANY issues with these cartridges Cartridges arrived timely. Gave 4-stars as we haven't used them yet (and won't for some time). The filter is working great & I don't anticipate ANY issues with these cartridges. Will try to remember to update this review once I replace the cartridge.
Indian languages have long history in World Natural languages. Panini was the first to define Grammar for Sanskrit language with about 4000 rules in fifth century. These rules contain uncertainty information. It is not possible to Computer processing of Sanskrit language with uncertain information. In this paper, fuzzy logic and fuzzy reasoning are proposed to deal to eliminate uncertain information for reasoning with Sanskrit grammar. The Sanskrit language processing is also discussed in this paper.
Doesn't the U.S. government require that employers only hire people who are documented to legally work in the country? It seems that Panda Express was just periodically checking that their workers' documents haven't changed. They should be commended for their due diligence. The Feds should be fining companies that are hiring illegal workers.
The dynamical activity K(t) of a stochastic process is the number of times it changes configuration up to time t. It was recently argued that (spin) glasses are at a first order dynamical transition where histories of low and high activity coexist. We study this transition in the one-dimensional contact process by weighting its histories by exp(sK(t)). We determine the phase diagram and the critical exponents of this model using a recently developed approach to the thermodynamics of histories that is based on the density matrix renormalisation group. We find that for every value of the infection rate, there is a phase transition at a critical value of s. Near the absorbing state phase transition of the contact process, the generating function of the activity shows a scaling behavior similar to that of the free energy in an equilibrium system near criticality.
Images of uniform and upright nanowires are fascinating, but often, they are quite puzzling, when epitaxial templating from the substrate is clearly absent. Here, we reveal the physics underlying one such hidden growth guidance mechanism through a specific example - the case of ZnO nanowires grown on silicon oxide and glass. We show how electric fields exerted by the insulating substrate may be manipulated through the surface charge to define the orientation and polarity of the nanowires. Surface charge is ubiquitous on the surfaces of semiconductors and insulators, and as a result, substrate electric fields need always be considered. Our results suggest a new concept, according to which the growth of wurtzite semiconductors may often be described as a process of electric-charge-induced self assembly, wherein the internal built-in field in the polar material tends to align in parallel to an external field exerted by the substrate to minimize the interfacial energy of the system.
We prove that the Galerkin finite element solution $u_h$ of the Laplace equation in a convex polyhedron $\varOmega$, with a quasi-uniform tetrahedral partition of the domain and with finite elements of polynomial degree $r\ge 1$, satisfies the following weak maximum principle: \begin{align*} \left\|u_{h}\right\|_{L^{\infty}(\varOmega)} \le C\left\|u_{h}\right\|_{L^{\infty}(\partial \varOmega)} , \end{align*} with a constant $C$ independent of the mesh size $h$. By using this result, we show that the Ritz projection operator $R_h$ is stable in $L^\infty$ norm uniformly in $h$ for $r\geq 2$, i.e. \begin{align*} \|R_hu\|_{L^{\infty}(\varOmega)} \le C\|u\|_{L^{\infty}(\varOmega)} . \end{align*} Thus we remove a logarithmic factor appearing in the previous results for convex polyhedral domains.
The scooter is well built and works great. The one issue is the seat The scooter is well built and works great. The one issue is the seat. When adjusted to its lowest setting,it is too high for my 5'6" wife. She has back issues and the physiotherapist says the height of the seat throws her hips off when moving and causes her back pain. To get five stars the unit would need to be about 4" lower at the minimum seat height.
Dan Burgess is a nice guy. He happens to be a Christian. Dan can't get a date with a girl and thinks that all of his friends are having all of the fun. He is constantly being bothered by non-believers and being made fun of.<br /><br />Dan prays one night, and wishes he was never a believer in Jesus.<br /><br />His prayer is answered for one day. Things get hairy from there. An angel appears to Dan and explains his prayer is granted.<br /><br />So, all of the impact that Dan has had on starting a Christian club.<br /><br />He be-friends Scot Parks and making a difference, is erased for one day.<br /><br />Dan's eyes are opened. His life really did make a difference.
AO_SCPLOWBSTRACTC_SCPLOWPhylogenetic methods are emerging as a useful tool to understand cancer evolutionary dynamics, including tumor structure, heterogeneity, and progression. Most currently used approaches utilize either bulk whole genome sequencing (WGS) or single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) and are based on calling copy number alterations and single nucleotide variants (SNVs). Here we explore the potential of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to reconstruct cancer evolutionary dynamics. scRNA-seq is commonly applied to explore differential gene expression of cancer cells throughout tumor progression. The method exacerbates the single-cell sequencing problem of low yield per cell with uneven expression levels. This accounts for low and uneven sequencing coverage and makes SNV detection and phylogenetic analysis challenging. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time that scRNA-seq data contains sufficient evolutionary signal and can be utilized in phylogenetic analyses. We explore and compare results of such analyses based on both expression levels and SNVs called from scRNA-seq data. Both techniques are shown to be useful for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships between cells, reflecting the clonal composition of a tumor. Both standardized expression values and SNVs appear to be equally capable of reconstructing a similar pattern of phylogenetic relationship. This pattern is stable even when phylogenetic uncertainty is taken in account. Our results open up a new direction of somatic phylogenetics based on scRNA-seq data. Further research is required to refine and improve these approaches to capture the full picture of somatic evolutionary dynamics in cancer.
We present a uniform study of the chemical abundances of 12 elements (Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Na, Mg, and Al) derived from the spectra of 451 stars observed as part of one of the HARPS GTO planet search programs. Sixty eight of these are planet-bearing stars. The main goals of our work are: i) the investigation of possible differences between the abundances of stars with and without planets; ii) the study of the possible differences in the abundances of stars in the thin and the thick disc. We confirm that there is a systematically higher metallicity in planet host stars, when compared to non planet-hosts, common to all studied species. We also found that there is no difference in the galactic chemical evolution trends of the stars with and without planets. Stars that harbour planetary companions simply appear to be in the high metallicity tail of the distribution. We also confirm that Neptunian and super-Earth class planets may be easier to find at lower metallicities. A statistically significative abundance difference between stars of the thin and the thick disc was found for [Fe/H] $<$ 0. However, the populations from the thick and the thin disc cannot be clearly separated.
We study the problem of learning sequential decision-making policies in settings with multiple state-action representations. Such settings naturally arise in many domains, such as planning (e.g., multiple integer programming formulations) and various combinatorial optimization problems (e.g., those with both integer programming and graph-based formulations). Inspired by the classical co-training framework for classification, we study the problem of co-training for policy learning. We present sufficient conditions under which learning from two views can improve upon learning from a single view alone. Motivated by these theoretical insights, we present a meta-algorithm for co-training for sequential decision making. Our framework is compatible with both reinforcement learning and imitation learning. We validate the effectiveness of our approach across a wide range of tasks, including discrete/continuous control and combinatorial optimization.
I grow weary of the term "lockup". And its surprising to see a loaded term used by a professional ADN reporter. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is currently wide open, available to any human to visit, available for every tiny and magnificent component of nature to contribute to a unique ecosystem. Its all there, go there, slog around, run a river, fly over it. The ultimate lockup is private ownership or control. If incompetent entities like Shell are allowed access, then the lockup begins. Subsistence will be threatened, recreation types will be met with fences or security guards, normal habits of wildlife will be dissrupted. Public land will be locked up. And you will be locked out.
We consider a (semi-)relativistic spin-1/2 particle interacting with quantized radiation. The Hamiltonian has the form $\hat{H}_c^V:=\{c^2[(\mathbf{p}+{\bf A})^2+{\bf \sigma}\cdot{\bf B}]+(mc^2)^2\}^{1/2}-mc^2+V+H_f$. Assuming that the potential $|V|$ is bounded with respect to the momentum $|\mathbf{p}|$, we show that $\hat{H}_c^V$ converges in norm-resolvent sense to the usual Pauli-Fierz operator when $c$, the speed of light, tends to $\infty$.
Pop Pop Pop You get a lot of it, but the bubbles pop super easy, like as you are wrapping things. I ended up buying a second box because it was so cheap and we went through it really fast. We then switched to moving paper, same price and we packed soooo much more with the paper. We saved the paper to re-use when we unpacked, the popped bubble wrap wasn't salvageable and ended up in the trash.
For a functor with smash product F and an F-bimodule P, we construct an invariant W(F;P) which is an analog of TR(F) with coefficients. We study the structure of this invariant and its finite-stage approximations W_n(F;P), and conclude that for F the FSP associated to a ring R and P the FSP associated to the simplicial R-bimodule M[X] (with M a simplicial R-bimodule, X a simplicial set), the functor sending X to W_n(R;M[X]) is the nth stage of the Goodwillie calculus Taylor tower of the functor which sends X to the reduced K-theory spectrum of R with coefficients in M[X]. Thus the functor sending X to W(R;M[X]) is the full Taylor tower, which converges to the reduced K-theory of R with coefficients in M[X] for connected X. We show the equivalence between relative K-theory of R with coefficients in M[-] and W(R;M[-]) using Goodwillie calculus: we construct a natural transformation between the two functors, both of which are 0-analytic, and show that this natural transformation induces an equivalence on the derivatives at any connected X.
In this paper, we investigate the decay of Higgs boson to $h_c$ plus a photon in the NRQCD theoretical framework. Comparing with the Higgs decay to $J/\psi$ plus a photon channel, this process has not indirect contribution, can be used to detect the Yukawa coupling of Higgs and charm quarks. The results show that the decay branch ratio of this process is about $10^{-8}$. If we takes into account the $10^{-3}$ efficiency in the $h_c$ detection, no events will be available even in the case of $30ab^{-1}$ luminosity at FCC-pp with 100 TeV center of mass energy. However, if the detection efficiency of $h_c$ is greatly improved in the future, this process will play an important role at linear $e^+e^-$ future colliders and at LHCb. Moreover, this process should be also play an important role when the anomalous charm Yukawa couplings are larger and direct sensitivity.
We investigate the properties of strongly interacting heteronuclear boson-boson mixtures loaded in realistic optical lattices, with particular emphasis on the physics of interfaces. In particular, we numerically reproduce the recent experimental observation that the addition of a small fraction of K induces a significant loss of coherence in Rb, providing a simple explanation. We then investigate the robustness against the inhomogeneity typical of realistic experimental realizations of the glassy quantum emulsions recently predicted to occur in strongly interacting boson-boson mixtures on ideal homogeneous lattices.
We report on a calculation of the charmonium contribution to the decay $B \rightarrow K\ell^+\ell^-$ using lattice simulations with 2+1 flavors of Mobius domain wall fermions. We focus on the region of $q^2$ below the $J/\psi$ resonance and test the factorization approximation to estimate the amplitude. We show a possible discrepancy between the lattice calculation and the factorization method for the non-factorizable contribution.
It is very doubtful that those supporting Trump in the voting booth or on these pages will care whose "fault" caused their economic armageddon. . They will take to the streets with torches and pitchforks in a mindless protest to avenge their betrayal by the very elites that their votes put into power. . In reality the impact of raising interest rates will be but a blip when compared with the turmoil caused by European populism, Chinese expansionism, Russian adventurism and Muslim extremism. . Finally when opining on economic determinism one should have a longer time horizon than "the Federal Funds Rate from 1950 to today".
James Reeves - Fluoridation is based on 70 years of continuing science. That is why the scientific consensus of experts that fluoridation is safe and effective has not changed. You can’t get anything right, can you? You can’t even quote your own highly biased, un-reviewed source, the Case Against Fluoride, correctly. It is customary for scientists to count only individual, unique references, and not count duplicate referrals to the same reference – which is a good way to inflate the numbers. There are not “1,200 references (over 80 pages)” as anyone who reads the book can easily discover. The majority of those “references” are not to legitimate scientific research anyway. This book of fiction was published in 2010, so it hardly qualifies as current work in any case. If Connett's fiction is the best "CURRENT science" it is obvious why fluoridation opponents have been unable to change the consensus and why over 100 organizations continue to recognize the benefits of fluoridation.
We examine in detail the stable reduction of Galois covers of the projective line over a complete discrete valuation field of mixed characteristic (0, p), where G has a cyclic p-Sylow subgroup of order p^n. If G is further assumed to be p-solvable (i.e., G has no nonabelian simple composition factors with order divisible by p), we obtain the following consequence: Suppose f: Y --> P^1 is a three-point G-Galois cover defined over the complex numbers. Then the nth higher ramification groups above p for the upper numbering of the (Galois closure of the) extension K/Q vanish, where K is the field of moduli of f. This extends work of Beckmann and Wewers. Additionally, we completely describe the stable model of a general three-point Z/p^n-cover, where p > 2.
Meta-stable dark sector particles decaying into electrons or photons may non-trivially change the Hubble rate, lead to entropy injection into the thermal bath of Standard Model particles and may also photodisintegrate light nuclei formed in the early universe. We study generic constraints from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis on such a setup, with a particular emphasis on MeV-scale particles which are neither fully relativistic nor non-relativistic during all times relevant for Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We apply our results to a simple model of self-interacting dark matter with a light scalar mediator. This setup turns out to be severely constrained by these considerations in combination with direct dark matter searches and will be fully tested with the next generation of low-threshold direct detection experiments.
The design is suggested, and possible operation parameters are discussed, of an instrument to inspect a skin cancer tumour in the terahertz (THz) range, transferring the image into the infrared (IR) and making it visible with the help of standard IR camera. The central element of the device is the THz-to-IR converter, a Teflon or silicon film matrix with embedded 8.5 nm diameter gold nanoparticles. The use of external THz source for irradiating the biological tissue sample is presumed. The converter's temporal characteristics enable its performance in a real-time scale. The details of design suited for the operation in transmission mode (in vitro) or on the human skin in reflection mode {in vivo) are specified.
We present that the $X(3872)$ could be represented as a dynamically generated state in the extended Friedrichs scheme, in which the ratio of "elementariness" and "compositeness" of the different components in the $X(3872)$ is about $Z_{c\bar c}:X_{\bar D^0 D^{0*}}: X_{ D^+ D^{-*}}: X_{\bar D^* D^*}$ $= 1:(2.67\sim 8.85):(0.45\sim 0.46):0.04$. Furthermore, its decays to $\pi^0$ and a $P$-wave charmonium $\chi_{cJ}$ state with $J=0,1$, or $2$, $J/\psi\pi^+\pi^-$, and $J/\psi\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ could be calculated out with the help of Barnes-Swanson model. The isospin breaking effects is easily understood in this scheme. This calculation also shows that the decay rate of $X(3872)$ to $\chi_{c1}\pi^0$ is much smaller than its decay rate to $J/\psi\pi^+\pi^-$.
A stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves could be detected soon in the polarization of the CMB and/or with laser interferometers. There are at least three GWB coming from inflation: those produced during inflation and associated with the stretching of space-time modes; those produced at the violent stage of preheating after inflation; and those associated with the self-ordering of Goldstone modes if inflation ends via a global symmetry breaking scenario, like in hybrid inflation. Each GW background has its own characteristic spectrum with specific features. We discuss the prospects for detecting each GWB and distinguishing between them with a very sensitive probe, the local B-mode of CMB polarization.
No instruction and broken pieces. When I received this it had no instructions and looked like it had been used before. There were broken pegs in the holes where the shelves were suppose to go. I should have sent it back but I'm to busy to deal with that so I used super glue and screws to hold everything together. It is a very good little book shelf and storage area but I would have liked instructions and a new book shelf and storage. If I'm going to buy something used it needs to be specified in either the info or the title of the product. That's false advertisement.
This is a terrible movie, that is barely recognizable from the book, although they have sort of similar plots. The time it takes to watch this movie (which is only 1.5 hours) would be much better spent doing anything else, including watching grass grow. The addition of poorly done fantasy scenes make Catherine seem insufferably silly. The actress who plays Catherine also comes across ditzy as all goodness and looks constantly surprised, even when she's supposed to be looking lovingly into her Tilney's eyes. Honestly!! The movie ends with a Catherine fantasy-like scene where one can't help but wonder if it's happened or if she's merely delusional, and not in the good way that makes you think but in a perfectly horrible way that basically sums up the terrible movie. The only good thing about the movie is the title, which was written by Ms. Austen herself. I generally love the BBC's productions but this one is horrid.
The theory of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in solar coronal slabs in a zero-$\beta$ configuration and for parallel propagation of waves does not allow the existence of surface waves. When oblique propagation of perturbations is considered both surface and body waves are able to propagate. When the perpendicular wave number is larger than a certain value, the body kink mode becomes a surface wave. In addition, a sausage surface mode is found below the internal cut-off frequency. When non-uniformity in the equilibrium is included, surface and body modes are damped due to resonant absorption. In this paper, first, a normal-mode analysis is performed and the period, the damping rate, and the spatial structure of eigenfunctions are obtained. Then, the time-dependent problem is solved, and the conditions under which one or the other type of mode is excited are investigated.
Looks great but... This ultra thin decal looks amazing. Unless you know there is something on there you would never guess that it's on. Protection wise - I'd say it's not going to protect against any bumps or drops but it will definitely help with all "light" scratches that you would get under normal use. My complaint is... When putting this in a backpack it will eventually start to lift on the corners. I did try to reach out to the seller and their response was more on the line of... IF (as in... if you decide to take your MOBILE tablet out) put it in a protective cover. In other words - put this on your surface AND put a cover (or put it in a case) to prevent that from happening. I can see their point but i feel that the skin should be able to hold on a little bit longer. In conclusion, the looks are 100% there - enough that I picked up a Surface Go skin from the same seller - just wished 1. it was a little more "Heavy Duty" or 2. Charge me a bit more and give me two skins or have a warranty for a replacement if it starts peeling. I may be asking for much but... oh well.
I said ...", deliver it when most needed.."...3/4 of your post agrees with my assessment. . . "The goal he scored was impressive and came at a critical time in the game - no doubt. That's a sign of a great player - a goal when his team needs it most. But the goal was a single shorthanded rush. Great shot, but I don't think he carried the game." . . Case closed... All the other "young guns" in the league right now, are just that - high goal scoring (see their imbalance between goals and assists) excellent snipers...Most definitely a core part of any team that wants to do well..You need them. But leaders, or players who can make anyone on their line a star? ..no. Or certainly not to the extent that someone like McDavid does. One of the US webcasts did some analysis month ago, and no other player affects his teams' performance on/off the ice as much as him, and by some insane margin...if I recall, with him on the ice, Oilers are a top 3 team. Without? Something like 21st.
Some buttons on the remote control do not work First, the product is from China. So, inevitably, the quality is very low. However, the main unit works as intended. How long that lasts, we shall see...it's only the second day of use since I got it. My main issue is with the remote control unit that came with the product. It is extremely cheaply made, which would be somewhat okay if it worked as intended too. But some of the buttons do not work and I can't change channel outputs without manually pressing the button on the main unit. The number 2 and 3 buttons do not work, and the number 1 and 4 buttons have to be pressed really hard for the IR receiver to catch the signal. Needless to say, this is going back. However, if you get this product, and it works as intended right out of its packaging, and you use it very very sparingly, you may get a year or so out of it...but that is me being nice about the whole product.
In this paper, we propose a new metric for Machine Translation (MT) evaluation, based on bi-directional entailment. We show that machine generated translation can be evaluated by determining paraphrasing with a reference translation provided by a human translator. We hypothesize, and show through experiments, that paraphrasing can be detected by evaluating entailment relationship in the forward and backward direction. Unlike conventional metrics, like BLEU or METEOR, our approach uses deep learning to determine the semantic similarity between candidate and reference translation for generating scores rather than relying upon simple n-gram overlap. We use BERT's pre-trained implementation of transformer networks, fine-tuned on MNLI corpus, for natural language inferencing. We apply our evaluation metric on WMT'14 and WMT'17 dataset to evaluate systems participating in the translation task and find that our metric has a better correlation with the human annotated score compared to the other traditional metrics at system level.
Strong field driven electric currents in condensed matter systems open new frontiers in petahertz electronics. In this regime new challenges arise as the role of the band structure and the quantum nature of electron-hole dynamics have yet to be resolved. Here we reveal the underlying attosecond dynamics that dictates the temporal evolution of carriers in multi-band solid state systems, via high harmonic generation (HHG) spectroscopy. We demonstrate that when the electron-hole relative velocity approaches zero, enhanced quantum interference leads to the appearance of spectral caustics in the HHG spectrum. Introducing the role of the dynamical joint density of states (JDOS) we identify its direct mapping into the spectrum, exhibiting singularities at the spectral caustics. By probing these singularities, we visualize the structure of multiple unpopulated high conduction bands. Our results open a new path in the control and study of attosecond quasi-particle interactions within the field dressed band structure of crystals.
Watching this film for the action is rather a waste of time, because the figureheads on the ships act better than the humans. It's a mercy that Anthony Quinn couldn't persuade anyone else to let him direct any other films after this turkey.<br /><br />But it is filled with amusement value, since Yul Brynner has hair, Lorne Greene displays an unconvincing French accent, and the rest of the big names strut about in comic-book fashion.
This paper provides a more rigorous look at Relativistic Generative Adversarial Networks (RGANs). We prove that the objective function of the discriminator is a statistical divergence for any concave function $f$ with minimal properties ($f(0)=0$, $f'(0) \neq 0$, $\sup_x f(x)>0$). We also devise a few variants of relativistic $f$-divergences. Wasserstein GAN was originally justified by the idea that the Wasserstein distance (WD) is most sensible because it is weak (i.e., it induces a weak topology). We show that the WD is weaker than $f$-divergences which are weaker than relativistic $f$-divergences. Given the good performance of RGANs, this suggests that WGAN does not performs well primarily because of the weak metric, but rather because of regularization and the use of a relativistic discriminator. We also take a closer look at estimators of relativistic $f$-divergences. We introduce the minimum-variance unbiased estimator (MVUE) for Relativistic paired GANs (RpGANs; originally called RGANs which could bring confusion) and show that it does not perform better. Furthermore, we show that the estimator of Relativistic average GANs (RaGANs) is only asymptotically unbiased, but that the finite-sample bias is small. Removing this bias does not improve performance.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Fog Radio Access Networks (FRAN) are promising candidates within the 5G and beyond systems. This work examines the benefit of adopting NOMA in an FRAN architecture with constrained capacity fronthaul. The paper proposes methods for optimizing joint scheduling and power adaptation in the downlink of a NOMA-based FRAN with multiple resource blocks (RB). We consider a mixed-integer optimization problem which maximizes a network-wide rate-based utility function subject to fronthaul-capacity constraints, so as to determine i) the user-to-RB assignment, ii) the allocated power to each RB, and iii) the power split levels of the NOMA users in each RB. The paper proposes a feasible decoupled solution for such non-convex optimization problem using a three-step hybrid centralized/distributed approach. The proposed solution complies with FRAN operation that aims to partially shift the network control to the FAPs, so as to overcome delays due to fronthaul rate constraints. The paper proposes and compares two distinct methods for solving the assignment problem, namely the Hungarian method, and the Multiple Choice Knapsack method. The power allocation and the NOMA power split optimization, on the other hand, are solved using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Simulations results illustrate the advantages of the proposed methods compared to different baseline schemes including the conventional Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA), for different utility functions and different network environments.
The fact that the "religious liberty" crowd never uttered a word of disapproval when Donald Trump declared that he wants a moratorium on all Muslims entering the country revealed their rank hypocrisy. Anyone who's genuinely concerned about the preservation of religious freedom would have been appalled at such a statement, Catholics especially, since there was a time in this country when "No Catholics need apply" signs were rampant. What the religious liberty folks really mean when they talk about religious liberty is freedom to practice MY religion the way I see fit at everyone else's expense. That's not religious liberty, it's just plain old selfishness. Muslims are justified in their worry about a Donald Trump presidency - he gave them every reason to be afraid - very afraid.
An L(2,1)-labeling of a graph $G$ is an assignment $f$ from the vertex set $V(G)$ to the set of nonnegative integers such that $|f(x)-f(y)|\ge 2$ if $x$ and $y$ are adjacent and $|f(x)-f(y)|\ge 1$ if $x$ and $y$ are at distance 2, for all $x$ and $y$ in $V(G)$. A $k$-L(2,1)-labeling is an assignment $f:V(G)\to\{0,..., k\}$, and the L(2,1)-labeling problem asks the minimum $k$, which we denote by $\lambda(G)$, among all possible assignments. It is known that this problem is NP-hard even for graphs of treewidth 2, and tree is one of a very few classes for which the problem is polynomially solvable. The running time of the best known algorithm for trees had been $\mO(\Delta^{4.5} n)$ for more than a decade, however, an $\mO(n^{1.75})$-time algorithm has been proposed recently, which substantially improved the previous one, where $\Delta$ is the maximum degree of $T$ and $n=|V(T)|$. In this paper, we finally establish a linear time algorithm for L(2,1)-labeling of trees.
The representations of the world around in physics built with help of causality are analyzed and seems incomplete. The observer's causal representations form a closed logical system, i.e. the compact group related to cause-effect chains. The space-time representations are exactly the background of this closed system and the off-site phenomena exceeded the space-time continuum of the observer are investigated. Off-site phenomena occur responsible for `mysteries and paradoxes' in quantum physics and `dark substances' in modern cosmology. The existing paradigm of cognoscibility is reconsidered and specified. The theory of sets predicts an infinite number of levels of cognition, where the world around seems more and more disordered and chaotic. The possibilities of different levels of cognition are estimated from this point of view. Relativistic and quantum theories operate on different levels of cognition, so their unification in frames of rigorous logical theory seems quite doubtful.
This Harold Lloyd short wasn't really much; not one of his funnier efforts. Of course, I never see bratty kids as anything hilarious. That's what the bulk of this story is, Harold and his wife, Mildred Davis, babysitting his in-laws two young kids. One is a baby who is constantly crying and the other is a four-year-old terror who does everything but demolish the house. Letting the kid create havoc over and over was not entertaining to me.<br /><br />The best part was the last four or five minutes when the couple thinks that this big goon (Noah Young) is burglarizing their house. Half the time it's the pet cat scaring the couple, but overall, that segment is fun with some good sight gags, reminding me of another Lloyd short, "Haunted Spooks."<br /><br />However, the good ending doesn't save the whole picture, which I probably wouldn't watch again. Lloyd has done too many other good things to waste even 25 minutes on this one again. It just isn't that funny.
We present pumping lemmas for five classes of functions definable by fragments of weighted automata over the min-plus semiring, the max-plus semiring and the semiring of natural numbers. As a corollary we show that the hierarchy of functions definable by unambiguous, finitely-ambiguous, polynomially-ambiguous weighted automata, and the full class of weighted automata is strict for the min-plus and max-plus semirings.
We prove several reflection theorems on $D$-spaces, which are Hausdorff topological spaces $X$ in which for every open neighbourhood assignment $U$ there is a closed discrete subspace $D$ such that \[ \bigcup\{U(x): x\in D\}=X. \] The upwards reflection theorems are obtained in the presence of a forcing axiom, while most of the downwards reflection results use large cardinal assumptions. The combinatorial content of arguments showing that a given space is a $D$-space, can be formulated using the concept of discrete families. We note the connection between non-reflection arguments involving discrete families and the well known question of the existence of families allowing partial transversals without having a transversal themselves, and use it to give non-trivial instances of the incompactness phenomenon in the context of discretisations.
And never once did she mention the dignity of all life...born and unborn. And regardless of what she THINKS she was marching for - she was used. And she allowed herself to be used - by radical feminists and a manipulative media that twist to suit their agenda...groups who pervert and silence opposing points of view. Tell me, justmaybe or Sr. Colleen. What rights do you feel women do not have in this country that drove her (you) to march? It is the opening sentence in her (your) 11th paragraph. Let's start there.....
We show that certain quotients of Artin L-functions have infinitely many poles. Our result follows from a converse theorem for Maass forms of Laplace eigenvalue 1/4 in which the twisted L-functions are not assumed to be entire. We do not require the conjectural automorphy of Artin L-functions, only their established meromorphic continuation and functional equation.
run big but gorgeous shoe I would have given this a five they are beautiful well made shoe just not sure what I can do to make them fit me better. I should have gone with a 9.5. I am walking out of them. The run a bit too large I would order half size down.
We use a functional approach to evaluate the Casimir free energy for a self-interacting scalar field in $d+1$ dimensions, satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions on two parallel planes. When the interaction is turned off, exact results for the free energy in some particular cases may be found, as well as low and high temperature expansions based on a duality relation that involves the inverse temperature $\beta$ and the distance between the mirrors, $a$. For the interacting theory, we derive and implement two different approaches. The first one is a perturbative expansion built with a thermal propagator that satisfies Dirichlet boundary conditions on the mirrors. The second approach uses the exact finite-temperature generating functional as a starting point. In this sense, it allows one to include, for example, non-perturbative thermal corrections into the Casimir calculation, in a controlled way. We present results for calculations performed using those two approaches.
i feel i am appreciative i take care of the baby i try to keep the apt clean as much as possible and i try not to call him a million times to find out when hell be home it varies from day to day as he is sort of self employed so its hard to plan things around his schedule
Sherman Hemsley was great in the Jeffersons and especially All in the Family. He was also very good in Amen, why on earth would he do this movie? This movie has a terrible script and is a waste of a very funny man. Luis Avalos does the best he can but this is awful. This movie was the beginning of bankruptcy for Sherman Hemsley. I think he is very funny but this is an awful awful pointless ghost story. Stick with Ghostbusters.
Deep networks have brought significant advances in robot perception, enabling to improve the capabilities of robots in several visual tasks, ranging from object detection and recognition to pose estimation, semantic scene segmentation and many others. Still, most approaches typically address visual tasks in isolation, resulting in overspecialized models which achieve strong performances in specific applications but work poorly in other (often related) tasks. This is clearly sub-optimal for a robot which is often required to perform simultaneously multiple visual recognition tasks in order to properly act and interact with the environment. This problem is exacerbated by the limited computational and memory resources typically available onboard to a robotic platform. The problem of learning flexible models which can handle multiple tasks in a lightweight manner has recently gained attention in the computer vision community and benchmarks supporting this research have been proposed. In this work we study this problem in the robot vision context, proposing a new benchmark, the RGB-D Triathlon, and evaluating state of the art algorithms in this novel challenging scenario. We also define a new evaluation protocol, better suited to the robot vision setting. Results shed light on the strengths and weaknesses of existing approaches and on open issues, suggesting directions for future research.
Please tell me you are kidding. All world events in some way could then be tied to 'founders of the Islamic State'. You could claim Gaddafi is a founder of ISIS considering his autocratic/brutal/terrorist supporting reign. Take the time and read a quick Biography of saint Gaddafi. The Assad government has not been killing its own citizens? At best it's a draw between factions but I'd wager the body count for Assad/Russia in being to look like the chain saw versus Paul Bunyan and his Ox. For god's sake please don't try to justify either.
A young man, named Danny, has run away from home and meets a drifter, named Bix, who agrees to tag along with Danny and watch out for him... and his money. They end up in a small town where they meet Carrie - a shy, naive girl working in her father's diner. Bix starts seeing Carrie but he plans on leaving soon (because he's a drifter, see? He's no good! Understand?). Meanwhile, the town creep, Jesse (played by a perfectly casted Jack Elam), keeps showing up at the diner and bothering Carrie. Danny keeps inadvertently picking up whores left and right (because he's loaded with money – he has almost a hundred dollars!) whom Bix has to constantly chase away (there are a lot of ambiguously gay overtones between Danny and Bix in this flick). Eventually, Bix and Danny decide to leave town but trouble is a-brewing, due to Jesse the creep.<br /><br />My review of the movie itself: a terrible, dated "Troubled Youth" flick from the '50s.<br /><br />My review of the MST3K version of the movie: I've got to say that this is one of the best episodes of MST3K ever. The riffing is dead-on, all the time. Except for the somewhat downbeat ending, this movie is easy material for Joel and the Bots, especially Danny's constant screw-ups that Bix has to rescue him from. The host segments are pretty good too, especially the segment with the `Train Song.' Hopefully, Rhino releases this episode to home video one day.
Aqueous solutions provide a medium for many important reactions in chemical synthesis, industrial processes, environmental chemistry, and biological functions. It is an accepted fact that aqueous solvents can be direct participants to the reaction process and not act only as simple passive dielectrics. Assisting water molecules and proton wires are thus essential for the efficiency of many reactions. Here we study the decomposition of urea into ammonia and isocyanic acid by means of enhanced ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. We highlight the role of the solvent molecules and their interactions with the reactants providing a proper description of the reaction mechanism and how the water hydrogen-bond network affects the reaction dynamics. Reaction free energy and rates have been calculated taking into account this important effect.
Mental simulation is a critical cognitive function for goal-directed behavior because it is essential for assessing actions and their consequences. When a self-generated or externally specified goal is given, a sequence of actions that is most likely to attain that goal is selected among other candidates via mental simulation. Therefore, better mental simulation leads to better goal-directed action planning. However, developing a mental simulation model is challenging because it requires knowledge of self and the environment. The current paper studies how adequate goal-directed action plans of robots can be mentally generated by dynamically organizing top-down visual attention and visual working memory. For this purpose, we propose a neural network model based on variational Bayes predictive coding, where goal-directed action planning is formulated by Bayesian inference of latent intentional space. Our experimental results showed that cognitively meaningful competencies, such as autonomous top-down attention to the robot end effector (its hand) as well as dynamic organization of occlusion-free visual working memory, emerged. Furthermore, our analysis of comparative experiments indicated that introduction of visual working memory and the inference mechanism using variational Bayes predictive coding significantly improve the performance in planning adequate goal-directed actions.
Cheap collar clasp broke on first use. Never got to test the collar out. The very first time I put it on my dog the plastic clasp that holds the collar together broke. I was not using it to attach a leash to as she has another collar on for that. Very unhappy with the quality of this collar. I have another shock collar and it has worked well.
We calculate the second, fourth and sixth order quark number fluctuations in the deconfined phase of 2+1 flavor QCD using lattices with temporal extent Nt=4, 6, 8 and 12. We consider light, strange and charm quarks. We use p4 action for valence quarks and gauge configurations generated with p4 action with physical value of the strange quark mass and light quark mass mq=0.1ms generated by the RBC-Bielefeld collaboration. We observe that for all quark masses the quark number fluctuations rapidly get close to the corresponding ideal gas limits. We compare our results to predictions of a quasi-particle model and resummed high temperature perturbative calculations. We also investigate correlations among different flavor channels.
In this overview I sketch briefly the path to the so-called {\em t-J model} derived for the first time 30 years ago and provide its original meaning within the theory of strongly correlated magnetic metals with a non-Fermi (non-Landau) liquid ground state. An emergence of the concept of {\em real space pairing}, is discussed in a historical prospective. A generalization of this model to the many-orbital situation is briefly discussed. The emphasis is put on didactical exposition of ideas, as they were transformed into mathematical language. The concept of {\em hybrid pairing} is introduced in the same context at the end.
Hard to install Though the proper size, the edge of this filter is soft and thinner than the OEM and I could not easily get it to lie flat and stay even around the edge of the case while trying to snap the air filter cover back on. I'll guess you could do it with enough time and effort.
M dwarfs are the most common type of star in the Galaxy, and because of their small size are favored targets for searches of Earth-sized transiting exoplanets. Current and upcoming all-sky spectroscopic surveys, such as the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST), offer an opportunity to systematically determine physical properties of many more M dwarfs than has been previously possible. Here we present new effective temperatures, radii, masses, and luminosities for 29,678 M dwarfs with spectral types M0-M6 in the first data release (DR1) of LAMOST. We derived these parameters from the supervised machine learning code, The Cannon, trained with 1,388 M dwarfs in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Cool Dwarf Catalog that were also present in LAMOST with high signal-to-noise ratio ($>$250) spectra. Our validation tests show that the output parameter uncertainties are strongly correlated with the signal-to-noise of the LAMOST spectra, and we achieve typical uncertainties of 110 K in Teff ($\sim$3%), 0.065 $R_{\odot}$ ($\sim$14%) in radius, 0.054 $M_{\odot}$ ($\sim$12%) in mass, and 0.012 $L_{\odot}$ ($\sim$20%) in luminosity. The model presented here can be rapidly applied to future LAMOST data releases, significantly extending the samples of well-characterized M dwarfs across the sky using new and exclusively data-based modeling methods.
We find a specific mechanism of background spin currents in two-dimensional electron systems with spatially nonuniform spin-orbit interaction (SOI) at thermodynamic equilibrium, in particular, in the systems consisting of regions with and without SOI. The spin density flows tangentially to the boundary in the normal and SOI regions within a layer of the width determined by the SOI strength. The density of these edge currents significantly exceeds the bulk spin current density. The spin current is polarized normally to the boundary. The spatial distribution of equilibrium spin currents is investigated in detail in the case of a step-like variation of the SOI strength and potential at the interface.
Huh? You should be applauding the Israelis for once again exercising incredible restraint in dealing with a violent mob. I will remind you that the Temple Mount (which, contrary to the brazen historical revisionism of UNESCO, is the holiest site in Judaism), was the scene of the deliberate murder of two Israeli policemen and the wounding of a third only a few days ago.
Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) possess locally minimized surface area under the constraint of periodic boundary conditions. Different families of surfaces were obtained with different topologies satisfying such conditions. Examples of such families include Primitive (P), Gyroid (G) and Diamond (D) surfaces. From a purely mathematical subject, TPMS have been recently found in materials science as optimal geometries for structural applications. Proposed by Mackay and Terrones in 1991, schwarzites are 3D crystalline porous carbon nanocrystals exhibiting the shape of TPMS. Although their complex topology poses serious limitations on their synthesis with conventional nanoscale fabrication methods, such as Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD), TPMS can be fabricated by Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques, such as 3D Printing. In this work, we used an optimized atomic model of a schwarzite structure from the D family (D8bal) to generate a surface mesh that was subsequently used for 3D-printing through Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). This D schwarzite was 3D-printed with thermoplastic PolyLactic Acid (PLA) polymer filaments. Mechanical properties under uniaxial compression were investigated for both the atomic model and the 3D-printed one. Fully atomistic Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were also carried out to investigate the uniaxial compression behavior of the D8bal atomic model. Mechanical testings were performed on the 3D-printed schwarzite where the deformation mechanisms were found to be similar to those observed in MD simulations. These results are suggestive of a scale-independent mechanical behavior that is dominated by structural topology.
Research in multi-agent cooperation has shown that artificial agents are able to learn to play a simple referential game while developing a shared lexicon. This lexicon is not easy to analyze, as it does not show many properties of a natural language. In a simple referential game with two neural network-based agents, we analyze the object-symbol mapping trying to understand what kind of strategy was used to develop the emergent language. We see that, when the environment is uniformly distributed, the agents rely on a random subset of features to describe the objects. When we modify the objects making one feature non-uniformly distributed,the agents realize it is less informative and start to ignore it, and, surprisingly, they make a better use of the remaining features. This interesting result suggests that more natural, less uniformly distributed environments might aid in spurring the emergence of better-behaved languages.
Sorry Matt, your violation of rights is way off. Inalienable would mean that it is boundless. Freedom of speech has limitations, however catcalling is not a restriction. Although it is poor taste and judgement it is not a rights violation upon the employee nor is it a restriction on the jerk.
Work great with nicotine vape juice I’m using these for nicotine (liquid with a base of vegetable glycerin and propylene glycol) and they’re working great so far, can’t speak for their performance with other oils. But I’ve been able to refill the same tank over and over and it’s still working great.
A universal quantum work relation is proved for isolated time-dependent Hamiltonian systems in a magnetic field as the consequence of microreversibility. This relation involves a functional of an arbitrary observable. The quantum Jarzynski equality is recovered in the case this observable vanishes. The Green-Kubo formula and the Casimir-Onsager reciprocity relations are deduced thereof in the linear response regime.
Cheap Leather in a little over a month it is broken I purchased this Jan 3 2019. In a little over a month the leather has torn away from the metal pin that connects it to the versa. At first I thought that the pin had just come loose, upon further inspection the pin was still on the watch but the leather had torn away from around the pin. Do NOT BUY this leather band
We explore if the phase separation or coexistence of the spin density wave (SDW) and superconductivity (SC) states has any relation to the incommensurability of the SDW in the Fe pnictide superconductors. A systematic method of determining the phase separation or coexistence was employed by computing the anisotropy coefficient $\beta$ from the the 4th order terms of the Ginzburg--Landau (GL) expansion of the free energy close to the tricritical/tetracritical point. It was complemented by the self-consistent numerical iterations of the gap equations to map out the boundaries between the phase separation and coexistence of the SDW and SC phases, and between commensurate (C) and incommensurate (IC) SDW in the temperature--doping plane. Our principal results for the sign reversed $s$-wave pairing SC, in terms of the multicritical temperature, $T_c$, the phase separation/coexistence boundary between the SDW and SC, $T^*$, and the boundary between C/IC SDW, $T_M^*$, are: (a) IC-SDW and SC coexist for $T_c < T^*$ and phase separate otherwise, (b) SDW takes the C form for $T_c>T_M^*$ and IC form for $T_c<T_M^*$, and (c) the thermodynamic first order phase transition intervenes in between the C-SDW and IC-SDW boundary for large $T_M^0$, where $T_M^0$ is the SDW transition temperature at zero doping, $T^*=0.35 ~T_M^0$ and $T_M^*=0.56\ T_M^0$. The intervention makes the phase diagram more complicated than previously reported. By contrast no coexistence was found for the equal sign pairing SC. These results will be compared with the experimental reports in the Fe pnictide superconductors.
We consider the random reversible Markov kernel K obtained by assigning i.i.d. nonnegative weights to the edges of the complete graph over n vertices and normalizing by the corresponding row sum. The weights are assumed to be in the domain of attraction of an $\alpha$-stable law, $\alpha\in(0,2)$. When $1\leq\alpha<2$, we show that for a suitable regularly varying sequence $\kappa_n$ of index $1-1/\alpha$, the limiting spectral distribution $\mu_{\alpha}$ of $\kappa_nK$ coincides with the one of the random symmetric matrix of the un-normalized weights (L\'{e}vy matrix with i.i.d. entries). In contrast, when $0<\alpha<1$, we show that the empirical spectral distribution of K converges without rescaling to a nontrivial law $\widetilde{\mu}_{\alpha}$ supported on [-1,1], whose moments are the return probabilities of the random walk on the Poisson weighted infinite tree (PWIT) introduced by Aldous. The limiting spectral distributions are given by the expected value of the random spectral measure at the root of suitable self-adjoint operators defined on the PWIT. This characterization is used together with recursive relations on the tree to derive some properties of $\mu_{\alpha}$ and $\widetilde{\mu}_{\alpha}$. We also study the limiting behavior of the invariant probability measure of K.
Metal-mediated exfoliation has been demonstrated as a promising approach for obtaining large-area flakes of 2D materials to fabricate prototypical nanoelectronics. However, several processing challenges related to organic contamination at the interfaces of the 2D material and the gate oxide must be overcome to realize robust devices with high yield. Here, we demonstrate an optimized process to realize high-performance field-effect transistor (FET) arrays from large-area (~5000 um2) monolayer MoS2 with a yield of 85 %. A central element of this process is an exposed material forming gas anneal (EM-FGA) that results in uniform FET performance metrics (i.e., field-effect mobilities, threshold voltages, and contact performance). Complementary analytical measurements show that the EM-FGA process reduces deleterious channel doping effects by decreasing organic contamination, while also reducing the prevalence of insulating molybdenum oxide, effectively improving the MoS2-gate oxide interface. The uniform FET performance metrics and high device yield achieved by applying the EM-FGA technique on large-area 2D material flakes will help advance the fabrication of complex 2D nanoelectronics devices and demonstrates the need for improved engineering of the 2D material-gate oxide interface.
In this paper, we explore the properties of gravitational lensing by black holes in the Randall-Sundrum II braneworld. We use numerical techniques to calculate lensing observables using the Tidal Reissner-Nordstrom (TRN) and Garriga-Tanaka metrics to examine supermassive black holes and primordial black holes. We introduce a new way tp parameterize tidal charge in the TRN metric which results in a large increase in image magnifications for braneworld primordial black holes compared to their 4 dimensional analogues. Finally, we offer a mathematical analysis that allows us to analyze the validity of the logarithmic approximation of the bending angle for any static, spherically symmetric metric. We apply this to the TRN metric and show that it is valid for any amount of tidal charge.
Let $I$ be an independent set drawn from the discrete $d$-dimensional hypercube $Q_d=\{0,1\}^d$ according to the hard-core distribution with parameter $\lambda>0$ (that is, the distribution in which each independent set $I$ is chosen with probability proportional to $\lambda^{|I|}$). We show a sharp transition around $\lambda=1$ in the appearance of $I$: for $\lambda>1$, $\min\{|I \cap {\cal E}|, |I \cap {\cal O}|\}=0$ asymptotically almost surely, where ${\cal E}$ and ${\cal O}$ are the bipartition classes of $Q_d$, whereas for $\lambda<1$, $\min\{|I \cap {\cal E}|, |I \cap {\cal O}|\}$ is asymptotically almost surely exponential in $d$. The transition occurs in an interval whose length is of order $1/d$. A key step in the proof is an estimation of $Z_\lambda(Q_d)$, the sum over independent sets in $Q_d$ with each set $I$ given weight $\lambda^{|I|}$ (a.k.a. the hard-core partition function). We obtain the asymptotics of $Z_\lambda(Q_d)$ for $\lambda>\sqrt{2}-1$, and nearly matching upper and lower bounds for $\lambda \leq \sqrt{2}-1$, extending work of Korshunov and Sapozhenko. These bounds allow us to read off some very specific information about the structure of an independent set drawn according to the hard-core distribution. We also derive a long-range influence result. For all fixed $\lambda>0$, if $I$ is chosen from the independent sets of $Q_d$ according to the hard-core distribution with parameter $\lambda$, conditioned on a particular $v \in {\cal E}$ being in $I$, then the probability that another vertex $w$ is in $I$ is $o(1)$ for $w \in {\cal O}$ but $\Omega(1)$ for $w \in {\cal E}$.
Paramount Pictures has released a new trailer to the urban drama, Blue Story, written and directed by Onwubolu, who is known as Rapman on his successful YouTube videos. Produced by Damian Jones and Joy Gharoro-Akpoiotor, the film stars an array of up-and-coming U.K. talent: Eric Kofi-Abrefa, Stephen Odubola, Micheal Ward, Khali Best, Max Fincham, Kadeem Ramsay and Karla-Simone Spence. Junior Afolabi Salokun and Micaiah Lewis will make their feature-film debuts. Best friends Timmy (Stephen Odubola) and Marco (Micheal Ward) go to the same high school in Peckham, but live in neighboring London boroughs. When Marco’s beaten up by one of Timmy’s primary school friends the two boys wind up on rival sides of a never-ending cycle of gang war in which there are no winners … only victims. Paramount Pictures will release Blue Story in select theaters on March 20.
As we know, the member-only algorithm in provides the best links stress and wavelength usage for the construction of multicast light-trees in WDM networks with sparse splitting. However, the diameter of tree is too big and the average delay is also too large, which are intolerant for QoS required multimedia applications. In this paper, a distance priority based algorithm is proposed to build light-trees for multicast routing, where the Candidate Destinations and the Candidate Connectors are introduced. Simulations show the proposed algorithm is able to greatly reduce the diameter and average delay of the multicast tree (up to 51% and 50% respectively), while keep the same or get a slightly better link stress as well as the wavelength usage than the famous Member-Only algorithm.
Rapid advancements in the experimental capabilities with ultracold alkaline-earth-like atoms (AEAs) bring to a surprisingly near term the prospect of performing quantum simulations of spin models and lattice field theories exhibiting SU($N$) symmetry. Motivated in particular by recent experiments preparing high density samples of strongly interacting ${}^{87}$Sr atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice, we develop a low-energy effective theory of fermionic AEAs which exhibits emergent multi-body SU($N$)-symmetric interactions, where $N$ is the number of atomic nuclear spin levels. Our theory is limited to the experimental regime of (i) a deep lattice, with (ii) at most one atom occupying each nuclear spin state on any lattice site. The latter restriction is a consequence of initial ground-state preparation. We fully characterize the low-lying excitations in our effective theory, and compare predictions of many-body interaction energies with direct measurements of many-body excitation spectra in an optical lattice clock. Our work makes the first step in enabling a controlled, bottom-up experimental investigation of multi-body SU($N$) physics.
SupOU processes are superpositions of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type processes with a random intensity parameter. They are stationary processes whose marginal distribution and dependence structure can be specified independently. Integrated supOU processes have then stationary increments and satisfy central and non-central limit theorems. Their moments, however, can display an unusual behavior known as "intermittency". We show here that intermittency can also appear when the processes have a heavy tailed marginal distribution and, in particular, an infinite variance.
Short baseline neutrino experiments, like LSND and MiniBooNE experiments, pointed towards the existence of eV mass scale sterile neutrinos. To reconcile sterile neutrinos with cosmology self interaction between sterile neutrinos has been studied. We analysed Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data with self-interacting sterile neutrino (SI$\nu$) and study their impact on inflation models. The fit to the CMB data in SI$\nu$ model is as good as the fit to $\Lambda$CDM model. We find that the spectral index ($n_s$) values shift to $0.9361\pm 0.0055$ in SI$\nu$ model. This has significant impact on the validity of different inflation models. For example the Starobinsky and quartic hilltop model, which were allowed within $\Lambda$CDM cosmology, are ruled out. On the other hand some models like natural and Coleman-Weinberg inflation are now favoured. Therefore, the existence of self interacting sterile neutrinos with eV order of mass will play an important role in the selection of correct inflation model.
Additive isotonic regression attempts to determine the relationship between a multi-dimensional observation variable and a response, under the constraint that the estimate is the additive sum of univariate component effects that are monotonically increasing. In this article, we present a new method for such regression called LASSO Isotone (LISO). LISO adapts ideas from sparse linear modelling to additive isotonic regression. Thus, it is viable in many situations with high dimensional predictor variables, where selection of significant versus insignificant variables are required. We suggest an algorithm involving a modification of the backfitting algorithm CPAV. We give a numerical convergence result, and finally examine some of its properties through simulations. We also suggest some possible extensions that improve performance, and allow calculation to be carried out when the direction of the monotonicity is unknown.
hi for all the people who have seen this wonderful movie im sure thet you would have liked it as much as i. i love the songs once you have seen the show you can sing along as though you are part of the show singing and dancing . dancing and singing. the song ONE is an all time fave musical song too and the strutters at the end with the mirror its so oh you have to watch this one
We argue that in at least a portion of the history of the universe the relic background neutrinos are spatially-extended, coherent superpositions of mass states. We show that an appropriate quantum mechanical treatment affects the neutrino mass values derived from cosmological data. The coherence scale of these neutrino flavor wavepackets can be an appreciable fraction of the causal horizon size, raising the possibility of spacetime curvature-induced decoherence.
In our work we have studied a two-dimensional suspension of finite-size Vicsek hard-disks, whose time evolution follows an event-driven dynamics between subsequent time steps. Having compared its collective behaviour with the one expected for a system of scalar Vicsek point-like particles, we have analysed the effect of considering two possible bouncing rules between the disks: a Vicsek-like rule and a pseudo-elastic one, focusing on the order-disorder transition. Next, we have added to the two-dimensional suspension of hard-disk Vicsek particles disk-like passive obstacles of two types: either fixed in space or moving according to the same event-driven dynamics. We have performed a detailed analysis of the particles' collective behaviour observed for both fixed and moving obstacles. In the fixed obstacles case, we have observed formation of clusters at low noise, in agreement with previous studies. When using moving passive obstacles, we found that that order of active particles is better destroyed as the drag of obstacles increases. In the no drag limit an interesting result was found: introduction of low drag passive particles can lead in some cases to a more ordered state of active flocking particles than what they show in bulk.
A shell-type model of an inviscid fluid, previously considered in the literature, is investigated in absence of external force. Energy dissipation of positive solutions is proved and decay of energy like $t^{-2}$ is established. Self-similar decaying positive solutions are introduced and proved to exist and classified. Coalescence and blow-up are obtained as a consequence, in the class of arbitrary sign solutions.
In the context of theories of Kaluza-Klein type, with a large extra dimension, we study self-similar cosmological models in 5D that are homogeneous, anisotropic and spatially flat. The "ladder" to go between the physics in 5D and 4D is provided by Campbell-Maagard's embedding theorems. We show that the 5-dimensional field equations $R_{AB} = 0$ determine the form of the similarity variable. There are three different possibilities: homothetic, conformal and "wave-like" solutions in 5D. We derive the most general homothetic and conformal solutions to the 5D field equations. They require the extra dimension to be spacelike, and are given in terms of one arbitrary function of the similarity variable and three parameters. The Riemann tensor in 5D is not zero, except in the isotropic limit, which corresponds to the case where the parameters are equal to each other. The solutions can be used as 5D embeddings for a great variety of 4D homogeneous cosmological models, with and without matter, including the Kasner universe. Since the extra dimension is spacelike, the 5D solutions are invariant under the exchange of spatial coordinates. Therefore they also embed a family of spatially {\it inhomogeneous} models in 4D. We show that these models can be interpreted as vacuum solutions in braneworld theory. Our work (I) generalizes the 5D embeddings used for the FLRW models; (II) shows that anisotropic cosmologies are, in general, curved in 5D, in contrast with FLRW models which can always be embedded in a 5D Riemann-flat (Minkowski) manifold; (III) reveals that anisotropic cosmologies can be curved and devoid of matter, both in 5D and 4D, even when the metric in 5D explicitly depends on the extra coordinate, which is quite different from the isotropic case.
ANTARES is a submarine neutrino telescope deployed in the Mediterranean Sea, at a depth of about 2500 m. It consists of a three-dimensional array of photomultiplier tubes that can detect the Cherenkov light induced by charged particles produced in the interactions of neutrinos with the surrounding medium. Down-going muons produced in atmospheric showers are a physical background to the neutrino detection, and are being studied. In this paper the measurement of the Depth Intensity Relation (DIR) of atmospheric muon flux is presented. The data collected in June and July 2007, when the ANTARES detector was in its 5-line configuration, are used in the analysis. The corresponding livetime is $724 h$. A deconvolution method based on a Bayesian approach was developed, which takes into account detector and reconstruction inefficiencies. Comparison with other experimental results and Monte Carlo expectations are presented and discussed.
It works, OK I was very excited when I received this product. It was what I expected but I was greatly surprised how much I could fit in the bag. I was using it for my children’s clothes on a flight to Florida on spirit airlines so it was the perfect size. My only complaint is that after one use the seams are ripping on 2 out of 3 bags we used, And that there is no longer handle on the bag.
Let $\alpha_m$ and $\beta_n$ be two sequences of real numbers supported on $[M, 2M]$ and $[N, 2N]$ with $M = X^{1/2 - \delta}$ and $N = X^{1/2 + \delta}$. We show that there exists a $\delta_0 > 0$ such that the multiplicative convolution of $\alpha_m$ and $\beta_n$ has exponent of distribution $\frac{1}{2} + \delta-\varepsilon$ (in a weak sense) as long as $0 \leq \delta < \delta_0$, the sequence $\beta_n$ is Siegel-Walfisz and both sequences $\alpha_m$ and $\beta_n$ are bounded above by divisor functions. Our result is thus a general dispersion estimate for "narrow" type-II sums. The proof relies crucially on Linnik's dispersion method and recent bounds for trilinear forms in Kloosterman fractions due to Bettin-Chandee. We highlight an application related to the Titchmarsh divisor problem.
Pretrained contextual representation models (Peters et al., 2018; Devlin et al., 2018) have pushed forward the state-of-the-art on many NLP tasks. A new release of BERT (Devlin, 2018) includes a model simultaneously pretrained on 104 languages with impressive performance for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer on a natural language inference task. This paper explores the broader cross-lingual potential of mBERT (multilingual) as a zero shot language transfer model on 5 NLP tasks covering a total of 39 languages from various language families: NLI, document classification, NER, POS tagging, and dependency parsing. We compare mBERT with the best-published methods for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer and find mBERT competitive on each task. Additionally, we investigate the most effective strategy for utilizing mBERT in this manner, determine to what extent mBERT generalizes away from language specific features, and measure factors that influence cross-lingual transfer.
How individuals adapt their behavior in cultural evolution remains elusive. Theoretical studies have shown that the update rules chosen to model individual decision making can dramatically modify the evolutionary outcome of the population as a whole. This hints at the complexities of considering the personality of individuals in a population, where each one uses its own rule. Here, we investigate whether and how heterogeneity in the rules of behavior update alters the evolutionary outcome. We assume that individuals update behaviors by aspiration-based self-evaluation and they do so in their own ways. Under weak selection, we analytically reveal a simple property that holds for any two-strategy multi-player games in well-mixed populations and on regular graphs: the evolutionary outcome in a population with heterogeneous update rules is the weighted average of the outcomes in the corresponding homogeneous populations, and the associated weights are the frequencies of each update rule in the heterogeneous population. Beyond weak selection, we show that this property holds for public goods games. Our finding implies that heterogeneous aspiration dynamics is additive. This additivity greatly reduces the complexity induced by the underlying individual heterogeneity. Our work thus provides an efficient method to calculate evolutionary outcomes under heterogeneous update rules.