text
stringlengths
231
473k
We construct exact eigenvectors and eigenvalues for $U_q(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n})$- and $U_q(\mathfrak{so}_{2n})$-symmetric closed spin chains by means of a nested algebraic Bethe ansatz method. We use a fusion procedure to construct higher-dimensional Lax operators. Our approach generalises and extends the results obtained by Reshetikhin and De Vega-Karowski. We also present a generalisation of Tarasov-Varchenko trace formula for nested Bethe vectors.
A supergiants are objects in transition from the blue to the red (and vice versa) in the uppermost HRD. They are the intrinsically brightest "normal" stars at visual light with absolute visual magnitudes up to -9. They are ideal to study young stellar populations in galaxies beyond the Local Group to determine chemical composition and evolution, interstellar extinction, reddening laws and distances. We discuss most recent results on the quantitative spectral analysis of such objects in galaxies beyond the Local Group based on medium and low resolution spectra obtained with the ESO VLT and Keck. We describe the analysis method including the determination of metallicity and metallicity gradients. A new method to measure accurate extragalactic distances based on the stellar gravities and effective temperatures is presented, the flux weighted gravity - luminosity relationship (FGLR). The FGLR is a purely spectroscopic method, which overcomes the untertainties introduced by interstellar extinction and variations of metallicity, which plague all photometric stellar distance determination methods. We discuss the perspectives of future work using the giant ground-based telescopes of the next generation such as the TMT, the GMT and the E-ELT.
Extracting fashion attributes from images of people wearing clothing/fashion accessories is a very hard multi-class classification problem. Most often, even catalogues of fashion do not have all the fine-grained attributes tagged due to prohibitive cost of annotation. Using images of fashion articles, running multi-class attribute extraction with a single model for all kinds of attributes (neck design detailing, sleeves detailing, etc) requires classifiers that are robust to missing and ambiguously labelled data. In this work, we propose a progressive training approach for such multi-class classification, where weights learnt from an attribute are fine tuned for another attribute of the same fashion article (say, dresses). We branch networks for each attributes from a base network progressively during training. While it may have many labels, an image doesn't need to have all possible labels for fashion articles present in it. We also compare our approach to multi-label classification, and demonstrate improvements over overall classification accuracies using our approach.
Inspired by Waddingtons illustration of an epigenetic landscape, cell-fate transitions have been envisioned as bifurcating dynamical systems, wherein the dynamics of an exogenous signal couples to a cells enormously complex signaling and transcriptional machinery, eliciting a qualitative transition in the collective state of a cell - its fate. It remains unclear, however, whether the dynamical systems framework can go beyond a word-based caricature of the system and provide sharp quantitative insights that further our understanding of differentiation. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), which measures the distributions of possible transcriptional states in large populations of differentiating cells, provides an alternate view, in which development is marked by the individual concentration variations of a myriad of genes. Here, starting from formal mathematical derivations, we challenge these transcriptomic trajectories to a rigorous statistical evaluation of whether they display signatures consistent with bifurcations. After pinpointing bifurcations along transcriptomic trajectories of the neutrophil branch of hematopoeitic differentiation we are able to further leverage the primitive features of a linear instability to identify the single-direction in gene expression space along which the bifurcation unfolds and identify possible gene contributors. This scheme identifies transcription factors long viewed to play a crucial role in the process of neutrophil differentiation in addition to identifying a host of other novel genetic players. Most broadly speaking, we provide evidence that, though very high-dimensional, a bifurcating dynamical systems formalism might be appropriate for the process of cellular differentiation and that it can be leveraged to provide insights. Ambitiously, our work attempts to take a step beyond data-analysis and towards the construction of falsifiable mathematical models that describe the dynamics of the entire transcriptome.
Turbulence evolution in a density-stratified medium differs from that of homogeneous isotropic turbulence described by the Kolmogorov picture. We evaluate the degree of this effect in the intracluster medium (ICM) with hydrodynamical simulations. We find that the buoyancy effect induced by ICM density stratification introduces qualitative changes to the turbulence energy evolution, morphology, and the density fluctuation - turbulence Mach number relation, and likely explains the radial dependence of the ICM turbulence amplitude as found previously in cosmological simulations. A new channel of energy flow between the kinetic and the potential energy is opened up by buoyancy. When the gravitational potential is kept constant with time, this energy flow leaves oscillations to the energy evolution, and leads to a balanced state of the two energies where both asymptote to power-law time evolution with slopes shallower than that for the turbulence kinetic energy of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. We discuss that the energy evolution can differ more significantly from that of homogeneous isotropic turbulence when there is a time variation of the gravitational potential. Morphologically, ICM turbulence can show a layered vertical structure and large horizontal vortical eddies in the central regions with the greatest density stratification. In addition, we find that the coefficient in the linear density fluctuation - turbulence Mach number relation caused by density stratification is in general a variable with position and time.
The government is destroying the economy and the government workers pensions and wages can't go on like this forever, so many companies are shutting down or just running out until the equipment is dead as there is no business case here to replace the equipment and the businesses don't have enough money to replace even if they did. This whole province is a broken cesspool and the government and their media do their best to hide the truth.
We consider an ensemble of random density matrices distributed according to the Bures measure. The corresponding joint probability density of eigenvalues is described by the fixed trace Bures-Hall ensemble of random matrices which, in turn, is related to its unrestricted trace counterpart via a Laplace transform. We investigate the spectral statistics of both these ensembles and, in particular, focus on the level density, for which we obtain exact closed-form results involving Pfaffians. In the fixed trace case, the level density expression is used to obtain an exact result for the average Havrda-Charv\'at-Tsallis (HCT) entropy as a finite sum. Averages of von Neumann entropy, linear entropy and purity follow by considering appropriate limits in the average HCT expression. Based on exact evaluations of the average von Neumann entropy and the average purity, we also conjecture very simple formulae for these, which are similar to those in the Hilbert-Schmidt ensemble.
They changed the title of this atrocity to An Unexpected Love. The only thing worse is the film itself. The script contains dialogue that would be laughed out of a third grade play recital. At one point when the wife leaves the husband, a bad cover of All by Myself plays over the soundtrack! No kidding. The actors try but are defeated by the inept, unbelievably terrible script. Direction is staggeringly bad. No wonder Lifetime has such a bad reputation. How do things like this get made. I'm turning off the television before it's over!
This paper presents a tutorial of the computation of $t$-closeness. An established model in the domain of privacy preserving data publishing, $t$-closeness is a measure of the earth mover's distance between two distributions of an anonymized database table. This tutorial includes three examples that showcase the full computation of $t$-closeness in terms of both numerical and categorical attributes. Calculations are carried out using the definition of the earth mover's distance and weighted order distance. This paper includes detailed explanations and calculations not found elsewhere in the literature. An efficient algorithm to calculate the $t$-closeness of a table is also presented.
Spin-polarized electric current exerts torque on local magnetic spins, resulting in magnetic domain-wall (DW) motion in ferromagnetic nanowires. Such current-driven DW motion opens great opportunities toward next-generation magnetic devices controlled by current instead of magnetic field. However, the nature of the current-driven DW motion--considered qualitatively different from magnetic-field-driven DW motion--remains yet unclear mainly due to the painfully high operation current densities J_OP, which introduce uncontrollable experimental artefacts with serious Joule heating. It is also crucial to reduce J_OP for practical device operation. By use of metallic Pt/Co/Pt nanowires with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, here we demonstrate DW motion at current densities down to the range of 10^9 A/m^2--two orders smaller than existing reports. Surprisingly the current-driven motion exhibits a scaling behaviour identical to the field-driven motion and thus, belongs to the same universality class despite their qualitative differences. Moreover all DW motions driven by either current or field (or by both) collapse onto a single curve, signalling the unification of the two driving mechanisms. The unified law manifests non-vanishing current efficiency at low current densities down to the practical level, applicable to emerging magnetic nanodevices.
When George Sluizer was told he could direct an American version of the book "Het Gouden Ei"/the movie "Spoorloos"(outside Holland, this movie has the name "the Vanishing" too), he was told that this would only go through if the ending was changed - He was told that 'the American Audience' wouldn't approve the original ending. Of course, the original ending is much better, and without it, the movie loses its impact. Because I have already put this in the trivia section, I won't give the original ending and keep my comment spoiler-free. If you want to know the original ending, watch "Spoorloos" or read the book. This movie is absolute rubbish, and the first Kiefer Sutherland movie I don't like. Watch the original Dutch movie, which is one of the best thrillers in the world.
uh however i do i do i do like a a lot of different forms of music so i switch quite often um i i think i like uh i i'm really particular about the type of music that i listen to but the uh there's there's such a wide selection i think i like a lot
One of the greatest challenges for models of $b \to s$ anomalies is the necessity to produce a large contribution to a quark times a lepton current, $J_q \times J_\ell$, and to avoid accordingly large contributions to flavour-changing $J_q \times J_q$ and $J_\ell \times J_\ell$ amplitudes, which are severely constrained by data. We consider a gauged horizontal symmetry involving the two heaviest generations of all left-handed fermions. In the limit of degenerate masses for the horizontal bosons, and in the absence of mixing between the two heavier generations and the lighter one, such symmetry would make $J_q \times J_q$ and $J_\ell \times J_\ell$ amplitudes exactly flavour-diagonal. Mixing with the first generation is however inescapable due to the CKM matrix, and the above mechanism turns out to be challenged by constraints such as $D^0 -\bar D^0$ mixing. Nonetheless, we show that a simultaneous description of all data can be accomplished by simply allowing for non-degenerate masses for the horizontal bosons. Such scenario predicts modifications in several processes that can be tested at present and upcoming facilities. In particular, it implies a lower and upper bound for $\mathcal B (B \to K \mu^\pm \tau^\mp)$, an asymmetry between its two charge conjugated modes, and well-defined correlations with LFV in $\tau$ decays.
Worth every penny My 2 year old loves this! He sleeps in a large. We love that he can't kick it off him at night and it's very comfortable for him. We used to use the Halo fleece sleepers but I came across these and made the switch. We live up north and have very cold winters, we keep our house at about 70° at night and he's does great in this sleeper. This keeps him warmer than the fleece and he LOVES getting into it at night! Super soft & cozy, only wish I found it sooner! Planning to get one for our 8 months old as well. Too bad they don't make adult sizes! ;) Worth every penny!
We study the quantum mechanics of a system with inverse square potential in noncommutative space. Both the coordinates and momentums are considered to be noncommutative, which breaks the original so(2,1) symmetry. The energy levels and eigenfunctions are obtained. The generators of the so(2,1) algebra are also studied in noncommutative phase space and the commutators are calculated, which shows that the so(2,1) algebra obtained in noncommutative space is not closed. However the commutative limit \Theta,\bar{\Theta}\to 0 for the algebra smoothly goes to the standard so(2,1) algebra.
We consider finite-size effects for the dyonic giant magnon of the type IIA string theory on AdS_4 x CP^3 by applying Luscher mu-term formula which is derived from a recently proposed S-matrix for the N=6 super Chern-Simons theory. We compute explicitly the effect for the case of a symmetric configuration where the two external bound states, each of A and B particles, have the same momentum p and spin J_2. We compare this with the classical string theory result which we computed by reducing it to the Neumann-Rosochatius system. The two results match perfectly.
A fundamental result in structural graph theory states that every graph with large average degree contains a large complete graph as a minor. We prove this result with the extra property that the minor is small with respect to the order of the whole graph. More precisely, we describe functions $f$ and $h$ such that every graph with $n$ vertices and average degree at least $f(t)$ contains a $K_t$-model with at most $h(t)\cdot\log n$ vertices. The logarithmic dependence on $n$ is best possible (for fixed $t$). In general, we prove that $f(t)\leq 2^{t-1}+\eps$. For $t\leq 4$, we determine the least value of $f(t)$; in particular $f(3)=2+\eps$ and $f(4)=4+\eps$. For $t\leq4$, we establish similar results for graphs embedded on surfaces, where the size of the $K_t$-model is bounded (for fixed $t$).
The analysis of Balmer-dominated emission in supernova remnants is potentially a very powerful way to derive information on the shock structure, on the physical conditions of the ambient medium and on the cosmic-ray acceleration efficiency. However, the outcome of models developed in plane-parallel geometry is usually not easily comparable with the data, since they often come from regions with rather a complex geometry. We present here a general scheme to disentangle physical and geometrical effects in the data interpretation, which is especially powerful when the transition zone of the shock is spatially resolved and the spectral resolution is high enough to allow a detailed investigation of spatial changes of the line profile. We then apply this technique to re-analyze very high quality data of a region along the northwestern limb of the remnant of SN~1006. We show how some observed features, previously interpreted only in terms of spatial variations of physical quantities, naturally arise from geometrical effects. With these effects under control, we derive new constraints on physical quantities in the analyzed region, like the ambient density (in the range 0.03-$0.1{\,\rm cm^{-3}}$), the upstream neutral fraction (more likely in the range 0.01-0.1), the level of face-on surface brightness variations (with factors up to $\sim 3$) and the typical scale lengths related to such variations ($\ge 0.1{\,\rm pc}$, corresponding to angular scales $\ge 10{\,\rm arcsec}$).
We show that an open subset ${\mathfrak F}_4''$ of the ${\rm PU}(2,1)$ configuration space of four points in $S^3$ is in bijection with an open subset of %with a K\"ahler structure which is inherited from the one of ${\mathfrak H}^{\star}\times\mathbb{R}_{>0}$, where ${\mathfrak H}^\star$ is the affine-rotational group. Since the latter is a Sasakian manifold, the cone ${\mathfrak H}^\star\times\mathbb{R}_{>0}$ is K\"ahler and thus ${\mathfrak F}_4''$ inherits this K\"ahler structure.
We consider the equation $-\Delta u= |x|^{\alpha}|u|^{p-1}u$ for any $\alpha\geq 0$, either in $\mathbb R^2$ or in the unit ball $B$ of $\mathbb R^2$ centered at the origin with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. We give a sharp description of the asymptotic behavior as $p\rightarrow +\infty$ of all the radial solutions to these problems. In particular, we show that there is no uniform a priori bound (in $p$) for nodal solutions under Neumann or Dirichlet boundary conditions. This contrasts with the recently shown fact that positive solutions have uniform a priori bounds for $\alpha=0$ and Dirichlet boundary conditions.
In tree species, genomic prediction offers the potential to forecast mature trait values in early growth stages, if robust marker-trait associations can be identified. Here we apply a novel multispecies approach using genotypes from a new genotyping array, based on 20,795 SNPs from three closely related pine species (Pinus sylvestris, Pinus uncinata and Pinus mugo), to test for associations with growth and phenology data from a common garden study. Predictive models constructed using significantly associated SNPs were then tested and applied to an independent multisite field trial of P. sylvestris and the capability to predict trait values was evaluated. One hundred and eighteen SNPs showed significant associations with the traits in the pine species. Common SNPs (MAF > 0.05) associated with bud set were only found in genes putatively involved in growth and development, whereas those associated with growth and budburst were also located in genes putatively involved in response to environment and, to a lesser extent, reproduction. At one of the two independent sites, the model we developed produced highly significant correlations between predicted values and observed height data (YA, height 2020: r = 0.376, p < 0.001). Predicted values estimated with our budburst model were weakly but positively correlated with duration of budburst at one of the sites (GS, 2015: r = 0.204, p = 0.034; 2018: r = 0.205, p = 0.034-0.037) and negatively associated with budburst timing at the other (YA: r = -0.202, p = 0.046). Genomic prediction resulted in the selection of sets of trees whose mean height was taller than the average for each site. Our results provide tentative support for the capability of prediction models to forecast trait values in trees, while highlighting the need for caution in applying them to trees grown in different environments.
We present here the preliminary design of ARIES-Devasthal Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (ADFOSC), which is a multi-mode instrument for both imaging and spectroscopy. ADFOSC is the first-generation instrument to be mounted at the axial port of the Cassegrain focus on our new 3.6m optical telescope to be installed at Devasthal, Nainital. The main design goals of the instrument are : the instrument will have capability of broad- and narrow-band imaging, low-medium resolution spectroscopy, and imaging polarimetry. The operating wavelength range will be from 360 to 1000 nm and the instrument will have remote-control capability.
Yes, if the priest does not counsel the person who is involved with any sinful behavior. That is his job, not to disregard the elephant in the room. No different than a parent raising his child who is committing improper behavior. Should the parent just dialog with his young son who was just involved with stealing, without attempting to addresss and change the behavior?
We compare the concept of triplet of closely embedded Hilbert spaces with that of generalised triplet of Hilbert spaces in the sense of Berezanskii by showing when they coincide, when they are different, and when starting from one of them one can naturally produce the other one that essentially or fully coincides.
My favorite mayonnaise. Arrived damaged. My favorite mayonnaise and can't get it in southwestern area. Ordered from Amazon. Container was 16 ozs. plastic container and no insulation. Two jars in separate packages. Jar bounced around in box and damaged bottle caused leakage. . Pissed me off !!!! Mad !!!! Had to throw it away. Why wasn't it wrapped within box??? Idiot packaging !!!!!!!! I was reading comments before I ordered and this is the normal packaging and other people complained!!! I was hoping mine would be safe.!!! NO NO NO I am pissed !!!!!!!!!
We present a formalism for computing time-dependent fluctuations in the cosmological photoionizing radiation background, extending background fluctuations models beyond the steady-state approximation. We apply this formalism to estimate fluctuations in the HI LyA flux redshift space power spectrum and its spatial correlation function at redshifts 2<z<4, assuming the photoionization background is dominated by Quasi-stellar Objects (QSOs) and/or galaxies. We show the shot noise in the power spectrum due to discrete sources is strongly suppressed relative to the steady-state value at low wavenumbers by a factor proportional to the lifetime of the sources, and that this suppression may be used to constrain QSO lifetimes. The total HI LyA power spectrum including shot noise is affected at tens of percent on short scales, and by as much as an order of magnitude or more on scales exceeding the mean free path. The spatial correlation function is similarly found to be sensitive to the shot noise, although moderately insensitive to the effects of time-dependence on the non-shotnoise contribution. Photoionization rate fluctuations substantially modify the shape of the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation peak in the correlation function, including a small increase in its position that must be accounted for to avoid biasing estimates of cosmological parameters based on the peak position. We briefly investigate solving the full frequency dependent equation, finding that it agrees with the frequency-independent to better than percent accuracy. Simple formulas are provided for the power spectrum of fluctuations in the photoionization rate that approximate the full computations.
We use first-principles electronic structure methods to calculate the electronic thermoelectric properties (i.e. due to electronic transport only) of single-crystalline bulk $n$-type silicon-germanium alloys vs Ge composition, temperature, doping concentration and strain. We find excellent agreement to available experiments for the resistivity, mobility and Seebeck coefficient. These results are combined with the experimental lattice thermal conductivity to calculate the thermoelectric figure of merit $ZT$, finding very good agreement with experiment. We predict that 3% tensile hydrostatic strain enhances the $n$-type $ZT$ by 50% at carrier concentrations of $n=10^{20}$ cm$^{-3}$ and temperature of $T=1200K$. These enhancements occur at different alloy compositions due to different effects: at 50% Ge composition the enhancements are achieved by a strain induced decrease in the Lorenz number, while the power factor remains unchanged. These characteristics are important for highly doped and high temperature materials, in which up to 50% of the heat is carried by electrons. At 70% Ge the increase in $ZT$ is due to a large increase in electrical conductivity produced by populating the high mobility $\Gamma$ conduction band valley, lowered in energy by strain.
Renpho made a sleek purifier I liked how sleek the air purifier looks; it fits well with the aesthetic of the room. It is pretty soft as far as noise level goes, but it certainly isn't unnoticeable. I appreciate the light indicating the 'quality of the air' of the room. Very easy to assemble and replace filters. Overall, happy with the purchase! I tried this product because Renpho is a brand I have come to find quality with excellent customer service. I can't give it a 5 because it is still pretty expensive and the noise level is noticeable, but still a great product.
Mixes well and works great! This collagen is great! I bought this one for myself. It mixes in well and I can feel and see the difference in my skin and joints. I like to mix this into a shake that I make each morning with lots of good fats and spinach.
Not fun This game is not fun because once you buy coins they will do anything to keep you buying and that means you will lose. They have no respect for the fact ive paid good money for their pointless time waste game because they dont even concern themselves with whether i enjoy the experience.
Non-collinear antiferromagnets can have additional spin Hall effects due to the net chirality of their magnetic spin structure, which provides for more complex spin-transport phenomena compared to ordinary non-magnetic materials. Here we investigated how ferromagnetic resonance of permalloy ($Ni_{80}Fe_{20}$) is modulated by spin Hall effects in adjacent epitaxial $IrMn_{3}$ films. We observe a large dc modulation of the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth for currents applied along the [001] $IrMn_{3}$ direction. This very strong angular dependence of spin-orbit torques from dc currents through the bilayers can be explained by the magnetic spin Hall effect where $IrMn_{3}$ provides novel pathways for modulating magnetization dynamics electrically.
It is shown that if a C*-algebra has nuclear dimension $n$ then its Cuntz semigroup has the property of $n$-comparison. It then follows from results by Ortega, Perera, and Rordam that $\sigma$-unital C*-algebras of finite nuclear dimension (and even of nuclear dimension at most $\omega$) are stable if and only if they have no non-zero unital quotients and no non-zero bounded traces.
We use the quantum threshold laws combined with a classical capture model to provide an analytical estimate of the chemical quenching cross sections and rate coefficients of two colliding particles at ultralow temperatures. We apply this quantum threshold model (QT model) to indistinguishable fermionic polar molecules in an electric field. At ultracold temperatures and in weak electric fields, the cross sections and rate coefficients depend only weakly on the electric dipole moment d induced by the electric field. In stronger electric fields, the quenching processes scale as d^{4(L+1/2)} where L>0 is the orbital angular momentum quantum number between the two colliding particles. For p-wave collisions (L=1) of indistinguishable fermionic polar molecules at ultracold temperatures, the quenching rate thus scales as d^6. We also apply this model to pure two dimensional collisions and find that chemical rates vanish as d^{-4} for ultracold indistinguishable fermions. This model provides a quick and intuitive way to estimate chemical rate coefficients of reactions occuring with high probability.
Quantum computing is on the cusp of reality with Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines currently under development and testing. Some of the most promising algorithms for these machines are variational algorithms that employ classical optimization coupled with quantum hardware to evaluate the quality of each candidate solution. Recent work used GRadient Descent Pulse Engineering (GRAPE) to translate quantum programs into highly optimized machine control pulses, resulting in a significant reduction in the execution time of programs. This is critical, as quantum machines can barely support the execution of short programs before failing. However, GRAPE suffers from high compilation latency, which is untenable in variational algorithms since compilation is interleaved with computation. We propose two strategies for partial compilation, exploiting the structure of variational circuits to pre-compile optimal pulses for specific blocks of gates. Our results indicate significant pulse speedups ranging from 1.5x-3x in typical benchmarks, with only a small fraction of the compilation latency of GRAPE.
Seriously, this film is not. Steve Guttenburg is constantly forcing his tough-guy dialogue and then giving everyone the evil-eye all the time. He just wasn't believable, he seems like he's trying to be a badass and he sucks at it. I just remember him as the millionaire dad with the Olsen twins in It Takes Two...so, this is a BIG change. I rented this film for Sean Bean, and he dies (as usual). Only this time he didn't get impaled on a boat anchor (Patriot Games), smashed by a giant satellite dish (Goldeneye), or get run over by cows(The Field). He just got shot, real quick-like and civil, and that was all I got from this film that they didn't kill him off in an extremely grotesque and morbid way. How sad is that? I was only watching it for the 3 seconds that Sean was in it, and then the rest was rubbish. I actually tried to watch and understand the plot, but there really wasn't one. Seemed a little like Mission Impossible with the hole,"Oooooo! There's a mole! It's the leader of the group, and NO ONE EXPECTED IT! Let's trap him! Let's frame the underdog good-guy so we can get away with it!" Cliched and tired, this movie was a waste of time.
We study the drag force of a relativistic heavy quark using a holographic QCD model with conformal invariance broken by a background dilaton. We analyze the effects of chemical potential and confining scale on this quantity, respectively. It is shown that the drag force in this model is larger than that of $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) plasma. In particular, the inclusion of the chemical potential and confining scale both enhance the drag force, in agreement with earlier findings. Also, we discuss how chemical potential and confining scale influence the diffusion coefficient.
Fun - Sun Shade was Wobbly Overall this was great for the price, it held our nearly 25 lbs kiddo perfectly and was super cute. My only complaint is that the top part of the inflatable, which is meant to protect from the sun didn't stay up and kept flopping forward, we had to hold it in place with our hands the entire time. I'd still purchase it again, our kid had a blast.
Several transiting super-Earths are expected to be discovered in the coming few years. While tools to model the interior structure of transiting planets exist, inferences about the composition are fraught with ambiguities. We present a framework to quantify how much we can robustly infer about super-Earth and Neptune-size exoplanet interiors from radius and mass measurements. We introduce quaternary diagrams to illustrate the range of possible interior compositions for planets with four layers (iron core, silicate mantles, water layers, and H/He envelopes). We apply our model to CoRoT-7b, GJ 436b, and HAT-P-11b. Interpretation of planets with H/He envelopes is limited by the model uncertainty in the interior temperature, while for CoRoT-7b observational uncertainties dominate. We further find that our planet interior model sharpens the observational constraints on CoRoT-7b's mass and radius, assuming the planet does not contain significant amounts of water or gas. We show that the strength of the limits that can be placed on a super-Earth's composition depends on the planet's density; for similar observational uncertainties, high-density super-Mercuries allow the tightest composition constraints. Finally, we describe how techniques from Bayesian statistics can be used to take into account in a formal way the combined contributions of both theoretical and observational uncertainties to ambiguities in a planet's interior composition. On the whole, with only a mass and radius measurement an exact interior composition cannot be inferred for an exoplanet because the problem is highly underconstrained. Detailed quantitative ranges of plausible compositions, however, can be found.
We study the spontaneous $CP$ violation through the stabilization of the modulus $\tau$ in modular invariant flavor models. The $CP$-invaraiant potentential has the minimum only at ${\rm Re}[\tau] = 0$ or 1/2. From this prediction, we study $CP$ violation in modular invariant flavor models. The physical $CP$ phase is vanishing. The important point for the $CP$ conservation is the $T$ transformation in the modular symmetry. One needs the violation of $T$ symmetry to realize the spontaneous $CP$ violation.
Many algorithmic steps require more than one statement to implement, but not big enough to be a method (e.g., add element, find the maximum, determine a value, etc.). These steps are generally implemented by loops. Internal comments for the loops often describe these intermediary steps, however, unfortunately a very small percentage of code is well documented to help new users/coders. As a result, information at levels of abstraction between the individual statement and the whole method is not leveraged by current source code analyses, as that information is not easily available beyond any internal comments describing the code blocks. Hence, this project explores the generality of an approach to automatically determine the high level actions of loop constructs. The approach is to mine loop characteristics of a given loop structure over the repository of the Quorum language source code, map it to an (already developed for Java) action identification model, and thus identify the action performed by the specified loop. The results are promising enough to conclude that this approach could be applied to other programming languages too.
Now I'm a big animation fan -- love Svankmeyer and usually am into all applications of stop motion so I had high hopes for this one. Then I came on IMDb and paused --- I'm always real suspicious of films with a bimodal distribution of votes on IMDb. Here we've got another --- a bunch of 10s (shill anyone) and then some real low ones. I'm also suspicious of 10s with the word "visionary" in them. <br /><br />Sure there are visionaries but this character isn't one of them. Despite my misgivings, I saw this film and have to side with the ones. The stop motion animation was okay but the plots were banal and overall it seemed amateurish. Treat yourself to the real deal get some Svankmeyer and leave this also ran on the shelf.
Love this I love this it is absolutely amazing. I got it because my aunt had an older model for over a year and it's lasted her. Everything is easy to use and it's comfy enough I don't notice it half the time. The heart rate is accurate too I had it measured at the Doctor's and compared it they both matched. The one drawback I'm seeing is as someone who never uses bluetooth on my phone, having to leave it on all the time drains my phone's battery. But being able to monitor my health while I'm trying to loose weight it's definitely worth it. And I like being able to read my messages or send someone to voicemail when I'm not right next to my phone.
I normally like Casper in his movies, a real credit to STARSHIP TROOPERS. But the box cover on this video SSOOOOO mi-sleds the renters. At my local video, people rent it expecting a (PERHAPS) Borg like vampire, and instead they get a bad re-make of Lon Chaney. It had great potential, and fell very flat. Ireally think I could have written a better story line and screen play. Why is it in EVERY science fiction movie, they (the cast) constantly refers to a solar system as a galaxy? Didn't any of these screenwriters or authors stay awake in science class? It is a pet pevee of mine, but a solar system is a single star with planets, a galaxy is a WHOLE bunch of solar systems. It is like referring to a can of coke as a gross of six packs. Makes it sound even dumber.
We study in this paper the atomic mechanisms of nanorod growth and propose the way of diameter selection of nanorod. A characteristic radius is demonstrated to be crucial in nanorod growth, which increases proportional to one fifth power of the ratio of the interlayer hopping rate of adatoms across the monolayer steps to the deposition rate. When the radius of the initial island is larger than this characteristic radius, the growth morphology evolves from a taper-like structure to a nanorod with radius equal to the characteristic radius after some transient layers. Otherwise the nanorod morphology can be maintained during the growth, with stable radius being limited by both the radius of the initial island and the three-dimensional Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier. Therefore different growth modes and diameter of nanorod can be selected by tuning the characteristic radius. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with experimental observations of ZnO growth.
The rules for Yang-Baxter (YB) deformation for a generic Green-Schwarz string sigma model has been obtained recently. We show that the deformation can be described through the action of a coordinate dependent $O(d,d)$ matrix on the target space fields both in the NS-NS and the RR sectors, generalizing previous results. This enables us to show that the YB deformed fields can be regarded as duality twisted fields in the context of Gauged Double Field Theory (GDFT). We compute the fluxes associated with the twist and show that the conditions on the R-matrix determining the YB deformation give rise to conditions for the fluxes on the GDFT side. More precisely, we show that YB deformation is a process which takes a solution of DFT with geometric flux associated with the isometry group $G$ and deforms it to another solution of DFT with vanishing R-flux and non-vanishing Q-flux given by the structure constants of the dual Lie algebra determined by the R-matrix. We also show that the non-unimodularity of the R-matrix forces the generalized dilaton field to pick up a linear dependence on the winding type coordinates of DFT, implying that the corresponding target space fields satisfy the field equations of DFT in the generalized supergravity frame. This provides a new perspective on the relation between the non-unimodularity of the R-matrix, the trace of the Q-flux and the generalized supergravity equations.
Perfect for hunting Not the quietest of earplugs. Worked fine for small handgun and rifle calibers, but not enough for magnum handgun and rifle. However, hearing is great while wearing, which makes them perfect for hunting, or other situations where hearing protection is needed, but you would still like to hear conversational level sounds.
In general the ubiquitous \chi^{(2)} nonlinear directional coupler, where nonlinearity and evanescent coupling are intertwined, is nonintegrable. We rigorously demonstrate that matching excitation to the even or odd fundamental supermodes yields dynamical analytical solutions for any phase matching in a symmetric coupler. We analyze second harmonic generation and optical parametric amplification regimes and study the influence of fundamental fields parity and power on the operation of the device. These fundamental solutions are useful to develop applications in classical and quantum fields such as all-optical modulation of light and quantum-states engineering.
Lattice simulation of supersymmetric gauge theories is not straightforward. In some cases the lack of manifest supersymmetry just necessitates cumbersome fine-tuning, but in the worse cases the chiral and/or Majorana nature of fermions makes it difficult to even formulate an appropriate lattice theory. We propose to circumvent all these problems inherent in the lattice approach by adopting a non-lattice approach in the case of one-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories, which are important in the string/M theory context.
They work pretty well BUT.. These flashlights are ok. The problem is that one of them has already gotten a spot on the LED's that burnt out not even 1 month in. They are not 15,000 lumens I have a 1500 lumen flashlight from Duracell that is the same brightness, maybe a little brighter!
We discuss the asymptotic frequency synchronization for the non-identical Kuramoto oscillators with time delayed interactions. We provide explicit lower bound on the coupling strength and upper bound on time delay in terms of initial configurations ensuring exponential synchronization. This generalizes not only the frequency synchronization estimate by Choi et al. [Physica D, 241, (2012), 735-754] for the non-identical Kuramoto oscillators without time delays but also improves previous result by Schmidt et al. [Automatica, 48, (2012), 3008-3017] in the case of homogeneous time delays where the initial phase diameter is assumed to be less than ${\pi}/2$. The proof relies on a Lyapunov functional approach.
In this work, we study the electroweak sphalerons in a 5D background, where the fifth dimension lies on an interval. We consider two specific cases: flat space-time and the anti-de Sitter space-time compactified on S^{1}/Z_{2}. In our work, we take the SU(2) gauge-Higgs model, where the gauge fields reside in the 5D bulk; but the Higgs doublet is confined in one brane. We find that the results in this model are close to those of the 4D Standard Model (SM). The existence of the warp effect, as well as the heaviness of the gauge Kaluza-Klein modes make the results extremely close to the SM ones.
Lisa Armstrong paid tribute to her father on Tuesday in an emotional New Year's Day post. The make-up artist, 43, shared a picture of Derek on Instagram as she admitted that she was struggling with her grief, following his death from cancer in May 2019. Lisa also showed off a tattoo she had inked in his honour, which reads Ohana (Hawaiin for family). Struggling: Lisa Armstrong paid tribute to her father on Tuesday in an emotional New Year's Day post as she admitted that she was struggling with her grief following his death Lisa shared a picture of her father that she captioned: 'Always with me and forever in my heart..... #dad #RIP #Theydaythefirstisthehardest #hurls #ohana'. A second image showed Lisa's new inking, Ohana, and Derek's birth date on her elbow. She posed with her arm over a picture of her beloved dog Hurley, who she shares with ex-husband Ant McPartlin. Tragic loss: The make-up artist, 43, shared a picture of Derek on Instagram after he sadly lost his battle with cancer in May 2018 aged 71 years Inked: Lisa also showed off a tattoo she had inked in his honour, which reads Ohana (Hawaiin for family) above Derek's birth date. She posed in front of a snap of her dog Hurley Lisa recently got caught up in a Twitter spat over her pet pooch, when a follower questioned where her pet will stay during her family holiday to Mexico. Lisa's friend tagged her in a Twitter post about the festive things people do with their pets and asked: 'Remind you of anyone?' Another user waded in and said: 'Who is looking after poor Marley when Lisa goes to Mexico?' Squabble: Lisa recently got caught up in a Twitter spat over her pet pooch, when a follower questioned where her pet will stay during her family holiday to Mexico Lisa's friend then corrected her and said: 'It's Hurley' and added: 'Lisa has to share her baby so I expect he will be with him!' referring to her ex McPartlin. The other user then shot back: 'So it's OK for Hurley to stay with Ant yet Lisa kicks up a fuss about access. By the way his name is Ant not him.' Lisa's friend, called Mandy, then wrote back 'whatever love' with Lisa then chiming in. She wrote: 'Exactly Mands, she can't even get his name right but she knows all the facts!' [sic]. Pooch: Lisa shares her beloved pet dog Hurley with her ex-husband Ant McPartlin A source previously told The Sun that Lisa and her loved ones decided that they needed some time away for Christmas after Derek's death, and splashed out on the lavish Mexican getaway. The insider explained: 'It's been a very difficult year for all of them since Derek died. 'Lisa wanted everyone to be together this Christmas and thought it would help if they all had something to look forward to. It won't be easy without him but at least they will all be together.'
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded smooth domain in $\mathbb{R}^N$ with $N\geq 3$, $1<\alpha$, $2^{\ast}=\frac{2N}{N-2}$ and $\{u_\alpha\}\subset H_{0}^{1,2\alpha}(\Omega)$ be a critical point of the functional \begin{equation*} I_{\alpha,\lambda}(u)=\frac{1}{2\alpha}\int\limits_{\Omega} [(1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\alpha}-1 ]dx-\frac{\lambda}{2}\int\limits_{\Omega}u^2dx-\frac{1}{2^{\ast}}\int\limits_{\Omega}|u|^{2^{\ast}}dx. \end{equation*} In this paper, we obtain the limit behaviour of $u_\alpha$ ( $\alpha\rightarrow 1$), energy identity, Pohozaev identity, some integral estimates, etc. And using these results, we prove infinitely many solutions for the following Brezis-Nirenberg problem for $N\geq 7$: \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{aligned} &-\Delta u=|u|^{2^{\ast}-2}u+\lambda u\ \ \ \mbox{in}\ \Omega,\\ &u=0,\ \ \mbox{on}\ \partial\Omega. \end{aligned} \right. \end{equation*}
We explore the transition from order to chaos for the Bohmian trajectories of a simple quantum system corresponding to the superposition of three stationary states in a 2D harmonic well with incommensurable frequencies. We study in particular the role of nodal points in the transition to chaos. Our main findings are: a) A proof of the existence of bounded domains in configuration space which are devoid of nodal points, b) An analytical construction of formal series representing regular orbits in the central domain as well as a numerical investigation of its limits of applicability. c) A detailed exploration of the phase-space structure near the nodal point. In this exploration we use an adiabatic approximation and we draw the flow chart in a moving frame of reference centered at the nodal point. We demonstrate the existence of a saddle point (called X-point) in the vicinity of the nodal point which plays a key role in the manifestation of exponential sensitivity of the orbits. One of the invariant manifolds of the X-point continues as a spiral terminating at the nodal point. We find cases of Hopf bifurcation at the nodal point and explore the associated phase space structure of the nodal point - X-point complex. We finally demonstrate the mechanism by which this complex generates chaos. Numerical examples of this mechanism are given for particular chaotic orbits, and a comparison is made with previous related works in the literature.
Standard image captioning tasks such as COCO and Flickr30k are factual, neutral in tone and (to a human) state the obvious (e.g., "a man playing a guitar"). While such tasks are useful to verify that a machine understands the content of an image, they are not engaging to humans as captions. With this in mind we define a new task, Personality-Captions, where the goal is to be as engaging to humans as possible by incorporating controllable style and personality traits. We collect and release a large dataset of 201,858 of such captions conditioned over 215 possible traits. We build models that combine existing work from (i) sentence representations (Mazare et al., 2018) with Transformers trained on 1.7 billion dialogue examples; and (ii) image representations (Mahajan et al., 2018) with ResNets trained on 3.5 billion social media images. We obtain state-of-the-art performance on Flickr30k and COCO, and strong performance on our new task. Finally, online evaluations validate that our task and models are engaging to humans, with our best model close to human performance.
Relying on the classical second moment formula of Rogers we give an effective asymptotic formula for the number of integer vectors $v$ in a ball of radius $t$, with value $Q(v)$ in a shrinking interval of size $t^{-\kappa}$, that is valid for almost all indefinite quadratic forms in $n$ variables for any $\kappa<n-2$. This implies in particular, the existence of such integer solutions establishing the prediction made by Ghosh Gorodnik and Nevo. We also obtain similar results for random polynomials of higher degree.
In two recent papers, arXiv:0909.1559 and arXiv:0911.4122, it has been demonstrated that one can obtain quantum corrected Boltzmann kinetic equations for leptogenesis using a top-down approach based on the Schwinger-Keldysh/Kadanoff-Baym formalism. These "Boltzmann-like" equations are similar to the ones obtained in the conventional bottom-up approach but differ in important details. In particular there is a discrepancy between the CP-violating parameter obtained in the first-principle derivation and in the framework of thermal field theory. Here we demonstrate that the two approaches can be reconciled if causal n-point functions are used in the thermal field theory approach. The new result for the medium correction to the CP-violating parameter is qualitatively different from the conventional one. The analogy to a toy model considered earlier enables us to write down consistent quantum corrected Boltzmann equations for thermal leptogenesis in the Standard Model (supplemented by three right-handed neutrinos) which include quantum statistical terms and medium corrected expressions for the CP-violating parameter.
Using a combination of deep 574ks Chandra data, XMM-Newton high-resolution spectra, and optical Halpha+NII images, we study the nature and spatial distribution of the multiphase plasma in M87. Our results provide direct observational evidence of `radio mode' AGN feedback in action, stripping the central galaxy of its lowest entropy gas and preventing star-formation. This low entropy gas was entrained with and uplifted by the buoyantly rising relativistic plasma, forming long "arms". These arms are likely oriented within 15-30 degrees of our line-of-sight. The mass of the uplifted gas in the arms is comparable to the gas mass in the approximately spherically symmetric 3.8 kpc core, demonstrating that the AGN has a profound effect on its immediate surroundings. The coolest X-ray emitting gas in M87 has a temperature of ~0.5 keV and is spatially coincident with Halpha+NII nebulae, forming a multiphase medium where the cooler gas phases are arranged in magnetized filaments. We place strong upper limits of 0.06 Msun/yr on the amount of plasma cooling radiatively from 0.5 keV and show that a uniform, volume-averaged heating mechanism could not be preventing the cool gas from further cooling. All of the bright Halpha filaments appear in the downstream region of the <3 Myr old shock front, at smaller radii than ~0.6'. We suggest that shocks induce shearing around the filaments, thereby promoting mixing of the cold gas with the ambient hot ICM via instabilities. By bringing hot thermal particles into contact with the cool, line-emitting gas, mixing can supply the power and ionizing particles needed to explain the observed optical spectra. Mixing of the coolest X-ray emitting plasma with the cold optical line emitting filamentary gas promotes efficient conduction between the two phases, allowing non-radiative cooling which could explain the lack of X-ray gas with temperatures under 0.5 keV.
The Hubble parameter H0 still not very well measured. Although the Hubble Key Project, Chandra and WMAP gave good estimates, the uncertainties remain quite large. In this brief report, we suggest an original and independent method to derive a lower limit on H0 using the absorption of very high energy gamma-rays by the cosmic infrared background. With conservative hypothesis, we obtain H0>74 km/s/Mpc at the 68% confidence level, which favors the upper end of the intervals allowed by dedicated experiments.
Are you really that clueless? When you pay $20+ million for a condo, you don't give a crap about measley maintenance fees. They're inconsequential. Even if the maintenance fees are $10K a month, the owners won't bat an eye. We're talking about folks who will frequently spend over $2K on a dinner, even more if it's a high-priced benefit dinner. The extremely wealthy, the 0.1%, don't get "Buyers (sic) remorse".
Fix a space dimension $d\ge 2$, parameters $\alpha > -1$ and $\beta \ge 1$, and let $\gamma_{d,\alpha, \beta}$ be the probability measure of an isotropic random vector in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with density proportional to \begin{align*} ||x||^\alpha\, \exp\left(-\frac{\|x\|^\beta}{\beta}\right), \qquad x\in \mathbb{R}^d. \end{align*} By $K_\lambda$, we denote the Generalized Gamma Polytope arising as the random convex hull of a Poisson point process in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with intensity measure $\lambda\gamma_{d,\alpha,\beta}$, $\lambda>0$. We establish that the scaling limit of the boundary of $K_\lambda$, as $\lambda \rightarrow \infty$, is given by a universal `festoon' of piecewise parabolic surfaces, independent of $\alpha$ and $\beta$. Moreover, we state a list of other large scale asymptotic results, including expectation and variance asymptotics, central limit theorems, concentration inequalities, Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund-type strong laws of large numbers, as well as moderate deviation principles for the intrinsic volumes and face numbers of $K_\lambda$.
the tortuous emotional impact is degrading, whether adult or adolescent the personal values shown in this movie belong in a bad psychodrama if anywhere at all. This movie has a plot, but it is all evil from start to end. This is no way for people to act and degrades both sexes all the way through the movie. teen killing - bad preteen sex - bad emotional battering - bad animal cruelty - bad psychological torture - bad parental neglect - bad the only merit if any is the excellent color shots of contrasting red, blond and green leaves a bad feeling for anyone that respects life and peace, what a bad mistake to make, or to watch... it is UGLY
We argue that in the infrared regime of continuum Yang-Mills theory, the possibility of a mass gap in the charged sector is closely associated with the center vortex sector. The analysis of the possible consequences of the ensembles of defects is done by showing that the description of center vortices and monopoles is naturally unified by means of a careful treatment of Cho decomposition. If on the one hand confinement is usually associated with monopole condensation in a compact abelian model, in this scenario, the previous decoupling of the off-diagonal degrees of freedom, for the abelian model dominate at large distances, can be understood as induced by a phase where center vortices become thick objects. Other important scenarios for correlated monopoles and center vortices, observed in lattice simulations, are also accomodated in our general formulation.
It looks great but it only plunge cuts a 1/4 inch not ... It looks great but it only plunge cuts a 1/4 inch not 1/2 inch which is 99% of all sheet rock!!!!! Therefore it only works as an outline pattern which you still need to jab saw out the pattern
it is purely a cook book - which is fine. However Not sure what other reviewers are referring to when they say this book is informative. Perhaps they're fake reviews, perhaps they received a different book. No extra info about ketogenic diet, it is purely a cook book - which is fine. However, no information regarding quick release vs natural release, which defeats the whole purpose of a instant pot cook book, no? Some of these recipes are incredibly silly - assuming one has an instant pot large enough to fit muffin tins and cake pans. Don't purchase.
This work deals with the construction of networks of topological defects in models described by a single complex scalar field. We take advantage of the deformation procedure recently used to describe kinklike defects in order to build networks of topological defects, which appear from complex field models with potentials that engender a finite number of isolated minima, both in the case where the minima present discrete symmetry, and in the non symmetric case. We show that the presence of symmetry guide us to the construction of regular networks, while the non symmetric case gives rise to irregular networks which spread throughout the complex field space. We also discuss bifurcation, a phenomenon that appear in the non symmetric case, but is washed out by the deformation procedure used in the present work.
Significant progress has been made in the development of an international network of gravitational wave detectors, such as TAMA300, LIGO, VIRGO, and GEO600. For these detectors, one of the most promising sources of gravitational waves are core collapse supernovae especially in our Galaxy. Recent simulations of core collapse supernovae, rigorously carried out by various groups, show that the features of the waveforms are determined by the rotational profiles of the core, such as the rotation rate and the degree of the differential rotation prior to core-collapse. Specifically, it has been predicted that the sign of the second largest peak in the gravitational wave strain signal is negative if the core rotates cylindrically with strong differential rotation. The sign of the second peak could be a nice indicator that provides us with information about the angular momentum distribution of the core, unseen without gravitational wave signals. Here we present a data analysis procedure aiming at the detection of the second peak using a coherent network analysis and estimate the detection efficiency when a supernova is at the sky location of the Galactic center. The simulations showed we were able to determine the sign of the second peak under an idealized condition of a network of gravitational wave detectors if a supernova occurs at the Galactic center.
One of the most interesting unsolved questions in science today is the question of life on other planets. At the present time it is safe to say that we do not have much of an idea as to whether life is common or exceedingly rare in the universe, and this will probably not be solved for certain unless definitive evidence of extraterrestrial life is found in the future. Our presence on Earth is just as consistent with the hypothesis that life is extremely rare as it is with the hypothesis that it is common, since if there was only one planet with intelligent life, we would find ourselves on it. However, we have more information than this, such as the the surprisingly short length of time it took for life to arise on Earth. Previous authors have analysed this information, concluding that it is evidence that the probability of abiogenesis is moderate ($>$ 13% with 95% probability) and cannot be extremely small. In this paper I use simple probabilistic model to show that this conclusion was based more on an unintentional assumption than on the data. While the early formation of life on Earth provides some evidence in the direction of life being common, it is far from conclusive, and in particular does not rule out the possibility that abiogenesis has only occurred once in the history of the universe.
This movie was made on a relatively small budget (10-20 million dollars?) with almost no promotion at all from its distributors. I only knew about it because I am a long time Jean-Claude Van Damme fan and I always check out his latest films in hope that they will be at least watchable and aside from some real turkeys (Derailed, Second In Command), they are. This movie has an easy enough plot to follow and Van Damme gives a good, humorous performance through out but the movie owes all of its credit to the fight scenes involving Van Damme, Scott Adkins and the final one of them together. The editing and camera work for most of the film is pretty terrible but Isaac Florentine can definitely film a good fight scene. I too am happy that Van Damme has been acting better lately (In Hell, Wake of Death, Until Death) but with the good acting came less martial arts. In The Shepherd, Van Damme proves that he still has it.
We discuss a Curie-Weiss model with two groups in the critical regime. This is the region where the central limit theorem does not hold any more but the mean magnetization still goes to zero as the number of spins grows. We show that the total magnetization normalized by $N^{3/4}$ converges to a non-trivial distribution which is not Gaussian, just as in the single-group Curie-Weiss model.
We present the first Suzaku observation of the new Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 0501+4516, performed on 2008 August 26, four days after the onset of bursting activity of this new member of the magnetar family. The soft X-ray persistent emission was detected with the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) at a 0.5-10 keV flux of 3.8E-11 erg/s/cm2, with a spectrum well fitted by an absorbed blackbody plus power-law model. The source pulsation was confirmed at a period of 5.762072+/-0.000002 s, and 32 X-ray bursts were detected by the XIS, four of which were also detected at higher energies by the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD). The strongest burst, which occurred at 03:16:16.9 (UTC), was so bright that it caused instrumental saturation, but its precursor phase, lasting for about 200 ms, was detected successfully over the 0.5-200 keV range, with a fluence of ~2.1E-7 erg/cm2 and a peak intensity of about 89 Crab. The entire burst fluence is estimated to be ~50 times higher. The precursor spectrum was very hard, and well modeled by a combination of two blackbodies. We discuss the bursting activity and X/gamma-ray properties of this newly discovered Soft Gamma Repeater in comparison with other members of the class.
In this paper, we search for {\it absolute} limitations of the Tile Assembly Model (TAM), along with techniques to work around such limitations. Specifically, we investigate the self-assembly of fractal shapes in the TAM. We prove that no self-similar fractal fully weakly self-assembles at temperature 1, and that certain kinds of self-similar fractals do not strictly self-assemble at any temperature. Additionally, we extend the fiber construction from Lathrop et. al. (2007) to show that any self-similar fractal belonging to a particular class of "nice" self-similar fractals has a fibered version that strictly self-assembles in the TAM.
We employ a three-dimensional molecular dynamics to simulate translocation of a polymer through a nanopore driven by an external force. The translocation is investigated for different three pore diameter and two different external forces. In order to see the polymer and pore interaction effects on translocation time, we studied 9 different interaction energies. Moreover, to better understand the simulation results we investigate polymer center of mass, shape factor and the monomer distribution through the translocation. Our results unveil that while increasing the polymer-pore interaction energy slows down the translocation, expanding the pore diameter, makes the translocation faster. The shape analysis of the results reveals that the polymer shape is very sensitive to the interaction energy. In high interactions, the monomers come close to the pore from both sides. As a result, the translocation becomes fast at first and slows down at last.
We present cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters aimed at studying the process of metal enrichment of the intra--cluster medium (ICM). These simulations have been performed by implementing a detailed model of chemical evolution in the Tree-SPH \gd code. This model allows us to follow the metal release from SNII, SNIa and AGB stars, by properly accounting for the lifetimes of stars of different mass, as well as to change the stellar initial mass function (IMF), the lifetime function and the stellar yields. As such, our implementation of chemical evolution represents a powerful instrument to follow the cosmic history of metal production. The simulations presented here have been performed with the twofold aim of checking numerical effects, as well as the impact of changing the model of chemical evolution and the efficiency of stellar feedback.
I personally think there is nothing wrong with dressing up as an adult on Halloween...but Ask Amy is right about cultural appropriation. Think about how that other person feels when they see you dressed as a parody or generalization of themselves and their culture. That's a crappy way to treat others. Be respectful. Dress up as a vampire or zombie or something else instead.
Current fluctuations can provide additional insight into quantum transport in mesoscopic systems. The present work is carried out for the fluctuation properties of transport through a pair of coupled quantum dots which are connected with ferromagnetic electrodes. Based on an efficient particle-number-resolved master equation approach, we are concerned with not only fluctuations of the total charge and spin currents, but also of each individual spin-dependent component. As a result of competition among the spin polarization, Coulomb interaction, and dot-dot tunnel coupling, rich behaviors are found for the self- and mutual-correlation functions of the spin-dependent currents.
Baba - Rajinikanth will never forget this name in his life. This is the movie which caused his downfall. It was released with much hype but crashed badly and laid to severe financial losses for its producers and distributors. Rajinikanth had to personally repay them for the losses incurred. Soon after its release, he tried venturing into politics but failed miserably. Its a very bad movie with horrible acting, bad-quality makeup and pathetic screenplay. Throughout the movie, Rajinikanth looks like a person suffering from some disease. I'm one of the unfortunate souls who saw Baba, first day first show in theatre. The audiences were so bored that most of them left the theatre before the intermission. Sorry, I'll not recommend this one to anyone.
We prove that for many degrees in a stable range the homotopy groups of the moduli space of metrics of positive scalar curvature on S^n and on other manifolds are non-trivial. This is achieved by further developing and then applying a family version of the surgery construction of Gromov-Lawson to an exotic smooth families of spheres due to Hatcher. As described, this works for all manifolds of suitable dimension and for the quotient of the space of metrics of positive scalar curvature by the (free) action of the subgroup of diffeomorphisms which fix a point and its tangent space. We also construct special manifolds where the quotient of the space of metrcis of positive scalar curvature by the full diffeomorphism group has non-trivial higher homotopy groups.
Being a "professional" is an attitude. It basically requires that you will follow the law even if it is inconvenient, even if all your friends are doing it, and even when there is almost no chance of anyone ever catching you at it. I had to do it in virtually every 'job' I had for my entire life. If you can't do that you aren't really a "professional". And when you violate those standards, you are and should be held more accountable and receive greater punishment than a non-professional. It is part of your personal ethical standards.
We demonstrate experimentally that a single Rb atom excited to the $79d_{5/2}$ level blocks the subsequent excitation of a second atom located more than $10 \mu\rm m$ away. The observed probability of double excitation of $\sim 30%$ is consistent with a theoretical model based on calculations of the long range dipole-dipole interaction between atoms.
Sentence encoders are typically trained on language modeling tasks with large unlabeled datasets. While these encoders achieve state-of-the-art results on many sentence-level tasks, they are difficult to train with long training cycles. We introduce fake sentence detection as a new training task for learning sentence encoders. We automatically generate fake sentences by corrupting original sentences from a source collection and train the encoders to produce representations that are effective at detecting fake sentences. This binary classification task turns to be quite efficient for training sentence encoders. We compare a basic BiLSTM encoder trained on this task with a strong sentence encoding models (Skipthought and FastSent) trained on a language modeling task. We find that the BiLSTM trains much faster on fake sentence detection (20 hours instead of weeks) using smaller amounts of data (1M instead of 64M sentences). Further analysis shows the learned representations capture many syntactic and semantic properties expected from good sentence representations.
FASER is a proposed small and inexpensive experiment designed to search for light, weakly-interacting particles during Run 3 of the LHC from 2021-23. Such particles may be produced in large numbers along the beam collision axis, travel for hundreds of meters without interacting, and then decay to standard model particles. To search for such events, FASER will be located 480 m downstream of the ATLAS IP in the unused service tunnel TI12 and be sensitive to particles that decay in a cylindrical volume with radius R=10 cm and length L=1.5 m. FASER will complement the LHC's existing physics program, extending its discovery potential to a host of new, light particles, with potentially far-reaching implications for particle physics and cosmology. This document describes the technical details of the FASER detector components: the magnets, the tracker, the scintillator system, and the calorimeter, as well as the trigger and readout system. The preparatory work that is needed to install and operate the detector, including civil engineering, transport, and integration with various services is also presented. The information presented includes preliminary cost estimates for the detector components and the infrastructure work, as well as a timeline for the design, construction, and installation of the experiment.
The conventional notion for achieving high efficiency in thermophotovoltaics (TPVs) is to use a monochromatic emission at a photon energy corresponding to the band gap of the cell. Here, we prove theoretically that such a notion is only accurate under idealized conditions, and further show that when non-radiative recombination is taken into account, efficiency improvement can be achieved by broadening the emission spectrum, due to an enhancement in the open-circuit voltage. Broadening the emission spectrum also improves the electrical power density, by increasing the short-circuit current. To practically illustrate these findings, we focus on surface polariton-mediated near-field TPVs. We propose a versatile design strategy for broadening the emission spectrum via stacking of multiple plasmonic thin film layers. As an example, we consider a realistic ITO/InAs TPV, and predict a conversion efficiency of $50\%$ simultaneously with a power density of nearly $80$ W$/\mathrm{cm}^2$ at a $1300$ K emitter temperature. The performance of our proposed system far exceeds previous works in similar systems using a single plasmonic layer emitter.
“Amazing how it falls under ‘academic freedom’ when a black (woman) spews this extreme bigotry yet everyone knows if a straight white male said anything close to that they would be rightfully fired.” There are many who would agree with this statement. I wonder if perhaps some individuals with a PhD go into other fields that earn more money. Perhaps that is why the statistics are what they are. Maybe it's also partially a result of the preponderance of older Caucasians living in the U.S. and in a generation, the census mix and make-up of professors will be different. Totally agree with Keala's comment that there would be more value in looking at character and not skin color.
Sequels are a capricious lot with most nowhere near the stature of the original. Sometimes you find a sequel that is considered better than the original, some critics (such as John Charles) have stated that Project A2 is better than the original, I disagree somewhat but this movie is still a worthwhile follow-up and fits well in the output of brilliant Hong Kong action cinema in the 1980s as well as Jackie's own oeuvre. I do wonder how with such an awesome release of great films that his later films were not as good. He only has directed two films in the 1990s and none past that, but he has had much clout in many of the films where he is not officially the director.<br /><br />Earlier in 1987 Jackie had brain surgery following a disastrous fall in the filming of Armour of God. This encouraged him to work on his next film close to home. This did not encourage him to stop risking his life and his stunt team for our amusement. What resulted is a smash hit at home that eclipsed the original in box office tallies (31 million HK dollars compared to 19 million for the original).<br /><br />Jackie Chan is once again police officer extraordinaire Dragon Ma and he is ordered to work with "Three Wan" Superintendent Chun (Lam Wai, Royal Warriors) who is the only Chinese police officer allowed to have a gun yet is thought to be staging arrests to make himself look better and ignoring the crimes of a triad lord named Tiger Au (Michael Chan Wai-Man, Dragon Lord). Apparently Chun has too much power to be taken down directly, but he is relieved of the Sai Wan district (now he is "Two Wan") which Dragon Ma takes over. This inefficient and corrupt office will soon get a makeover and there is a great scene where three officers, who do not know who they are dealing with, attempt to assault Ma to teach him a lesson about complaining about police officers. He soon has that district ship-shape and Tiger Au taken care of. The fight choreography and stunts with Tiger and his men are quite awesome. My favorite stunt was a beautifully brutal fall from the second floor into a large vase and that vase did not appear to be soft.<br /><br />Meanwhile a couple of subplots are happening. There are pirates who have survived from the first film who are looking for revenge and food. Then there are revolutionaries including Maggie (Maggie Cheung, In The Mood For Love) and (Rosamund Kwan, Casino Raiders) who are trying to raise funds for Dr. Sun Yat-sen to overthrow the Qing Government as well as government operatives who are trying to find these rebels. Throw in a mixture of corrupt Hong Kong and British Cops as well as legitimate ones and you have a stew that is getting a bit too many ingredients, but yet still seems to coalesce. This works well when there is a Marx Brothers influenced scene (the Marx Brothers have done this type of scene a few times with The Cocoanuts (1929) being the first) at Maggie's place where everyone is looking for someone while hiding from someone else. Many weeks were spent on this scene alone and the effort certainly shows.<br /><br />There are several faults with the film. There is a certain didactic nature that creeps in the film that seems a bit out-of-place – especially one small speech towards the end that Jackie gives when dealing with the Mainland revolutionaries and the extremely easy conversion of the pirates that survived from the first film. Female characters are once again underused and under-appreciated, especially Maggie Cheung. I was not as satisfied with the continuance of the plot as much as the first film either. The individual scenes dominate my feelings for the film instead of thinking of this movie as a cohesive whole. I do not fault the film for not being able to have Sammo Hung and Yuen Biao like the first though (I have heard the main reason behind this was that those two were filming Eastern Condors, but I do wonder if Jackie could have waited a small while to get them to perform in this – they would work together for the last time the following year in Dragons Forever), but they are missed.<br /><br />I found this to be quite an enjoyable and well-made film and it is rightfully regarded as one of the better comedic action films of the 1980s. This film is also quite good in a few unexpected places. The art direction is superb (Eddie Ma Poon-chiu), the costumes are exquisite, the cinematography is good and the movie looks quite authentic. But the stunts, comedy and the action is what I remember this film for. There is a chase involving a handcuffed Dragon and Chun that is superb (part of the axe throwing scene would be used in Shanghai Noon). The last twenty minutes is full of awe-inspiring hits, falls, chili-peppers as a mouth-mace (Jackie writes in his autobiography about how he used real peppers in this scene; you can see him in a lot of mouth pain during the outtakes at the end) and is a worthy conclusion to this movie. The most famous stunt from this sequence is his homage to Buster Keaton from Steamboat Bill Jr. (1928) with the exception that there is no hole and only a weak section where his head pops through.<br /><br />Fans of Jackie and/or Hong Kong action cinema should consider this a must own and watch. I certainly do.
Not Again Can not clearly fine reason to purchase these again for any reason.....good concept, but poor quality product. Received these whisks three years ago and we use them once or twice a week. We hand wash these also and no measure of abuse can be identified during their use at home. We find the larger whisk to be too flimsy and smaller ones good enough. However, they all have experienced random loss of the silicon material from around the wires.....just small sections from the ends closest to the handles. We fine this particularly disappointing......especially not knowing where these pieces have ended up!
Starfucker (which reads Starstruck on my box) was the most amazing movie I have ever seen. I thought that it was one of the best movies I have ever seen. So why not a 10? Nothing is perfect. Jamie Kennedy proves why he is one of my favorite actors in this very interesting look at a darker side of Hollywood. I have forced a few others to watch the movie and they all agreed that it was an outstanding flick.
We compare the coronal magnetic energy and helicity of two solar active regions (ARs), prolific in major eruptive (AR~11158) and confined (AR~12192) flaring, and analyze the potential of deduced proxies to forecast upcoming flares. Based on nonlinear force-free (NLFF) coronal magnetic field models with a high degree of solenoidality, and applying three different computational methods to investigate the coronal magnetic helicity, we are able to draw conclusions with a high level of confidence. Based on real observations of two solar ARs we checked trends regarding the potential eruptivity of the active-region corona, as suggested earlier in works that were based on numerical simulations, or solar observations. Our results support that the ratio of current-carrying to total helicity, $|H_\mathrm{J}|/|H_\mathrm{V}|$, shows a strong ability to indicate the eruptive potential of a solar AR. However, $|H_\mathrm{J}|/|H_\mathrm{V}|$ seems not to be indicative for the magnitude or type of an upcoming flare (confined or eruptive). Interpreted in context with earlier observational studies, our findings furthermore support that the total relative helicity normalized to the magnetic flux at the NLFF model's lower boundary, $H_\mathrm{V}/\phi^2$, represents no indicator for the eruptivity.
We analytically derive a relativistic variable Eddington factor in the relativistic radiative flow, and found that the Eddington factor depends on the {\it velocity gradient} as well as the flow velocity. When the gaseous flow is accelerated and there is a velocity gradient, there also exists a density gradient. As a result, an unobstructed viewing range by a comoving observer, where the optical depth measured from the comoving observer is unity, is not a sphere, but becomes an oval shape elongated in the direction of the flow; we call it a {\it one-tau photo-oval}. For the comoving observer, an inner wall of the photo-oval generally emits at a non-uniform intensity, and has a relative velocity. Thus, the comoving radiation fields observed by the comoving observer becomes {\it anisotropic}, and the Eddington factor must deviate from the value for the isotropic radiation fields. % In the case of a plane-parallel vertical flow, we examine the photo-oval and obtain the Eddington factor. In the sufficiently optically thick linear regime, the Eddington factor is analytically expressed as $f (\tau, \beta, \frac{d\beta}{d\tau}) = {1/3} (1 + {16/15} \frac{d\beta}{d\tau})$, where $\tau$ is the optical depth and $\beta$ ($=v/c$) is the flow speed normalized by the speed of light. %i.e., the Eddington factor depends on the velocity gradient. We also examine the linear and semi-linear regimes, and found that the Eddington factor generally depends both on the velocity and its gradient.
We consider two-component solitons in a medium with a periodic modulation of the nonlinear coefficient. The modulation enables the existence of complex multihump vector states. In particular, vector solitons composed of dipole and fundamental, or dipole and even double-hump components exist and may be stable. Families of unstable scalar solitons can be stabilized in the vectorial form, due to the coupling to a stable second component.
Using thin scintillating fibers with Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) readout a mo dular high-resolution charged-particle tracking detector has been designed. The fiber modules consist of 2 x 5 layers of 128 round multiclad scintillating fiber s of 0.250mm diameter. The fibers are read out by four SiPM arrays (8mm x 1mm) e ach on either end of the module.
September 22, 1961 saw the passage of Public Law 87-293, which declares "To promote world peace and friendship through a [blank], which shall make available to interested countries and areas men and women of the United States qualified for service abroad and willing to serve, under conditions of hardship if necessary, to help the peoples of such countries and areas in meeting their needs for trained manpower."
Because of the particular beauty that characterizes each of them, ten of the 128 protected areas that are part of the Natural Heritage of the Dominican Republic were the most visited by foreign and domestic tourists. From January to December 2019, visitors made their journeys and enjoyed the impressive biodiversity, recreation areas, landscapes, beaches, spas and mountains of those iconic places of the national territory. The first of these attractions was the Cotubanamá National Park followed by the natural monuments Loma Isabel de Torres and Cueva Los Tres Ojos, located in La Romana, Puerto Plata, and Santo Domingo East. In that sense, Ekers Raposo Peña, responsible for ecotourism and public use of the Ministry of Environment, explained that among the places sought by visitors are the natural monuments Catalina Island (La Romana), Salto de la Damajagua (Puerto Plata), Salto from Jima ( Bonao ), Salto de Jimenoa (Jarabacoa), El Saltadero (Cabrera), Los Haitises National Park (Sabana de la Mar), as well as the Natural Monument Cabo Francés Viejo (Cabrera). The Cotubanamá National Park, between La Romana and La Altagracia, is identified by its excellent beaches, climatic conditions and pre-Hispanic cultural values ​​that are a permanent attraction of ecological tourism, its route covers Saona Island, the Catuano Channel, Punta Aljibe and Punta Balajú and Bahía de las Calderas, according to El Día.
We perform a numerical study of the excess of non-abelian gauge invariant gluonic action around thermal abelian monopoles which populate the deconfined phase of Yang-Mills theories. Our results show that the excess of magnetic action is close to that of the electric one, so that thermal abelian monopoles may be associated with physical objects carrying both electric and magnetic charge, i.e. dyons. Thus, the quark gluon plasma is likely to be populated by selfdual dyons, which may manifest themselves in the heavy-ion collisions via the chiral magnetic effect. Thermodynamically, thermal monopoles provide a negative contribution to the pressure of the system.
Marcella in 2002 published a "quantum-mechanical" treatment of the famous single- and double-slit interference experiment in classical wave optics by a simple assumption that quantum mechanical wave function is a constant anywhere within a slit. Rothman and Boughn in 2011 commented that Marcella introduced no quantum physics into the problem other than\ a symbol substitution $p=\hbar k$, and the used essentially the classical wave optics. In present comment, we point out that though Marcella made a fundamental mistake, the problem is nevertheless remediable to give the satisfactory quantum mechanical results which are in qualitatively agreement with experimental ones with material particles.
The Basic Counting problem [1] is one of the most fundamental and critical streaming problems of sliding window queries over data streams. Given a stream of 0's and 1's, the purpose of this problem is to estimate the number of 1's in the last N elements (or time units) seen from the stream. Its solution can be used as building blocks to solve numerous more complex problems such as heavy hitter, frequency estimation, distinct counting, etc. In this paper, we present the flattened exponential histogram (FEH) model for the Basic Counting problem. Our model improves over the exponential histogram [1], [2], a well-received deterministic technique for Basic Counting problem, with respect to accuracy and memory utilization most of the time in practice. Extensive experimental results on real-world datasets show that with the same memory footprint, the accuracy of our model is between 4 to 15 and on average 7 times better than that of the exponential histogram, while the speed is roughly the same.
Much of machine learning research focuses on producing models which perform well on benchmark tasks, in turn improving our understanding of the challenges associated with those tasks. From the perspective of ML researchers, the content of the task itself is largely irrelevant, and thus there have increasingly been calls for benchmark tasks to more heavily focus on problems which are of social or cultural relevance. In this work, we introduce Kuzushiji-MNIST, a dataset which focuses on Kuzushiji (cursive Japanese), as well as two larger, more challenging datasets, Kuzushiji-49 and Kuzushiji-Kanji. Through these datasets, we wish to engage the machine learning community into the world of classical Japanese literature. Dataset available at https://github.com/rois-codh/kmnist
We propose that neutrino masses are "seeded" by a dark sector within the inverse seesaw mechanism. This way we have a new, "hidden", variant of the scotogenic scenario for radiative neutrino masses. We discuss both explicit and dynamical lepton number violation. In addition to invisible Higgs decays with majoron emission, we discuss in detail the pheneomenolgy of dark matter, as well as the novel features associated to charged lepton flavour violation, and neutrino physics.
Recently, Scullard and Ziff noticed that a broad class of planar percolation models are self-dual under a simple condition that, in a parametrized version of such a model, reduces to a single equation. They state that the solution of the resulting equation gives the critical point. However, just as in the classical case of bond percolation on the square lattice, self-duality is simply the starting point: the mathematical difficulty is precisely showing that self-duality implies criticality. Here we do so for a generalization of the models considered by Scullard and Ziff. In these models, the states of the bonds need not be independent; furthermore, increasing events need not be positively correlated, so new techniques are needed in the analysis. The main new ingredients are a generalization of Harris's Lemma to products of partially ordered sets, and a new proof of a type of Russo-Seymour-Welsh Lemma with minimal symmetry assumptions.
I think this is a great, classic monster film for the family. The mole, what a machine! The tall creature with the beak, the flying green lizards, Ranthorincus/mayas or whatever they are and the ape men things the speak telepathically with them. The battle of the men in rubber suits fighting for a doll for breakfast umm! yummy! Class, what else can I say? How would they make a 2002 remake of this one?