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1,503,075	Which hero of the 1956 F A Cup Final played for non-league side St. Helen's Town before joining Manchester City?	Bert Trautmann Bert Trautmann References Bernhard (Bert) Trautmann, the eldest son of Carl Trautmann, a chemical loader at the docks, was born in Bremen , Germany , on 22nd October, 1923. (1) In 1923 Germany was enduring an economic crisis. It was a time of rapid inflation and German currency was virtually worthless: "The purchasing power of wages had been reduced to nothingness and anyone with money in the bank had seen their savings wiped out." (2) In an attempt to defend living standards, the workers were involved in a series of strikes. (3) In March 1926 Frieda Trautmann gave birth to another son, Karl-Heinz. Although Carl remained in work life was a constant struggle. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) but most of his workmates were supporters of the growing Nazi Party . As a boy Bert observed fights between different political groups. During one demonstration in May 1931, three people were killed in Bremen and over a hundred seriously wounded. (4) Bert Trautmann developed a reputation as an outstanding athlete. He was a talented footballer and was especially good at Völkerball . A game only played in Germany, it involved two teams of 10 on a small pitch divided into two halves. Each participant would throw the ball at the opposition; each player hit was removed from the game until one player was left. The game helped Trautmann's throwing ability and helped him when he played as a goalkeeper. (5) Trautmann was an agressive young boy and was often involved in fights. In 1931 he so badly beat a boy that his head teacher considered the possibility of having him expelled and sent to a school of correction. Trautmann was encouraged to spend his energies on sport and he joined the Tura football team. (6) Nazi Germany Carl Trautmann was an active trade unionist and was concerned when the Nazi Party took power. Adolf Hitler proclaimed May Day, 1933, as a national holiday and arranged to celebrate it as it had never been celebrated before. Trade union leaders were flown to Berlin from all parts of Germany. Joseph Goebbels staged the greatest mass demonstration Germany had ever seen. Hitler told the workers' delegates: "You will see how untrue and unjust is the statement that the revolution is directed against the German workers." Later that day Hitler told a meeting of more than 100,000 workers that "reestablishing social peace in the world of labour" would soon begin. (7) The next day, Hitler ordered the Sturm Abteilung (SA) to destroy the trade union movement. Their headquarters throughout the country were occupied, union funds confiscated, the unions dissolved and the leaders arrested. Large numbers were sent to concentration camps. Within a few days 169 different trade unions were under Nazi control. (8) Frieda, Karl Heinz, Bernhard and Carl Trautmann (1931) Carl Trautmann's fellow workers who were activists in the German Communist Party (KPD) and the Social Democratic Party (SDP) were soon arrested and sent to concentration camps . Bert remembers that it became common to call unpopular boys "commies" in school. (9) Strikes were now illegal and Carl was forced to make donations to the Nazi Party and the German Labour Front . In the Bremen docks, swastika flags were flown from every official building. Each time someone entered an office or a warehouse they had to give the Nazi salute. If it was not done with enough zeal you would be called into the local Gestapo headquarters. (10) Bert Trautmann and the Hitler Youth Before the Nazi government was formed the Hitler Youth only had 20,000 members. Non-Nazi youth organizations were far more popular. Hitler solved this problem by dissolving almost all the rival organizations (only Catholic youth organizations survived this measure). All boys and girls in Nazi Germany came under great pressure to join the Hitler Youth. By the end of 1933 there were 2.3 million boys and girls between the ages of ten and eighteen in the Hitler Youth organization. (11) Bert Trautmann joined the junior branch of the organization on his tenth birthday. (12) "Bert Trautmann couldn	footballsite - European Footballer of the Year 1956 Stanley Matthews That the first European Footballer of the Year award went to a 41-year old who played for a far from glamorous club is a testament to the regard that Europe held for the 'Master of the Dribble', Stanley Matthews. 1956 Winner: Stanley Matthews (Blackpool & England) Sixteen representatives from the countries of Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, England, France, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, West Germany and Yugoslavia voted for the first European Footballer of the Year. Despite the fact that Europe finally knew who its best club was - Real Madrid had won the first European Cup final in June 1956 - the first award went to a man who would never kick a ball in European club competitions, Stanley Matthews. Top 11 positions -	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,076	Which race, the first of which was in 1829 and held annually since 1856 (with the exception of the two world wars) is rowed each spring on the Thames in London?	The Boat Race The Boat Race Exhausted crews at the finish of the 2002 Boat Race. Cambridge are on the left of the picture. Boat Race course ("Middlesex" and "Surrey" denote sides of the Thames Tideway, not the actual English counties) The Boat Race is a rowing race in England between the Oxford University Boat Club and the Cambridge University Boat Club. It is rowed annually each spring on the Thames in London . The event is a popular one, not only with the alumni of the universities, but also with rowers in general and the public. An estimated quarter of a million people watch the race live from the banks of the river, around seven to nine million people on TV in the UK, and an overseas audience estimated by the Boat Race Company of around 120 million, however, other estimates put the international audience below 20 million. The first race was in 1829 and it has been held annually since 1856, with the exception of the two world wars. Members of both teams are traditionally known as blues and each boat as a " Blue Boat", with Cambridge in light blue and Oxford dark blue. Course The course is 4 miles and 374 yards (6,779 m) from Putney to Mortlake, passing Hammersmith and Barnes; it is sometimes referred to as the Championship Course, and follows an S shape, east to west. The start and finish are marked by the University Boat Race Stones on the south bank. The clubs' presidents toss a coin (the 1829 sovereign) before the race for the right to choose which side of the river (station) they will row on: their decision is based on the day's weather conditions and how the various bends in the course might favour their crew's pace. The north station (' Middlesex') has the advantage of the first and last bends, and the south (' Surrey') station the longer middle bend. Competing for the fastest current During the race the coxes compete for the fastest current, which lies at the deepest part of the river, frequently leading to clashes of blades and warnings from the umpire. A crew that gets a lead of more than a boat's length can cut in front of their opponent, making it extremely difficult for the losing crew to overtake back. For this reason the tactics of the race are generally to go fast early on, and few races have a change of the lead after half-way (though this happened in 2003 and again in 2007). The race is rowed upstream, but is timed to start on the incoming flood tide so that the crews are rowing with the fastest possible current. If a strong wind is blowing from the west it will be against the tide in places along the course, causing the water to become very rough. The conditions are sometimes such that an international regatta would be cancelled, but the Boat Race has a tradition of proceeding even in potential sinking conditions. Several races have featured one, or both, of the crews sinking. This happened to Cambridge in 1859 and 1978, and to Oxford in 1925 and 1951. Both boats sank in 1912, and the race was re-run, and in 1984 Cambridge sank after crashing into a stationary barge while warming up before the race. Cambridge's sinking in 1978 was named in 79th place on Channel 4's list of the 100 Greatest Sporting Moments. The race is for heavyweight eights (i.e., for eight rowers with a cox steering, and no restrictions on weight). Female coxes are permitted, the first to appear in the Boat Race being Sue Brown for Oxford in 1981. In fact female rowers would be permitted in the men's boat race, though the reverse is not true. During the race the crews pass various traditional landmarks, visible from the river: Landmark	Thames - Historical Football Kits Historical Football Kits Formed 1929. Wound up 1932. Elected to Division Three (South) 1930. Resigned 1932 Kit History Background Thames Association FC was formed as a speculative venture by business men who had built the enormous West Ham Stadium in the East End of London for greyhound racing. There was no connection with West Ham United, who played at Upton Park, aside from the name and their proximity. At the time dog tracks could expect to attract over 100,000 paying customers to a midweek meeting; admission charges alone could be worth a fortune and additional income could be earned by licensing bookmakers. At weekends, however, this vast stadium lay empty so the directors decided to form a professional football team to bring in additional income. After playing in the Southern League Eastern Division, Thames Association FC was elected to the Third Division (South) in 1930, replacing Merthyr Town by a single vote. On taking up its place in the Football League, the club shortened its name to Thames FC. Faced with competition from established East End sides, Charlton Athletic, West Ham United, Clapton Orient and Millwall, Thames were bound to struggle and they attracted meagre crowds, including a mere 469 who watched Luton Town on 6 December 1930. In a stadium capable of holding 120,000, this must have been a dispiriting event. After finishing 20th (out of 22) in 1931 they were last in 1932. Rather than attempt re-election, the directors cut their losses, resigned from the League and wound up the club. The stadium continued to be used for greyhound racing and speedway until it was demolished in the early 1970s. Thames FC should not be confused with Thames Ironworks who later became West Ham United . You are welcome to Contact Me with corrections and additions.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,077	Who invented the printing press in Europe?	History of the Printing Press - Invention of the Printing Press Invention: printing press Function: noun / printï¿½ing press Definition: A machine that transfers lettering or images by contact with various forms of inked surface onto paper or similar material fed into it in various ways The device is used for printing many copies of a text on paper. Inventor: Johannes Gutenberg (aka Johann Gutenberg) Criteria; First practical. Modern prototype. Entrepreneur. Birth: c1400 in Mainz, Germany Death: February 3, 1468 in Mainz, Germany Nationality: German Milestones: 888 The Diamond Sutra, a Buddhist scripture, was the first dated example of block printing. 1041 Bi Sheng in China invented movable clay type 1423 Europeans use xylography (art of engraving on wood, block printing) to produce books. 1430 Gutenberg moved from his native town of Mainz to Strasburg 1436 Gutenberg begins work on his printing press. 1437 Gutenberg was sued for "breach of promise of marriage" by a young lady of Strasburg 1440 Gutenberg completed his wooden press which used movable metal type. 1440 Laurens Janszoon Koster (Coster) is credited, by some, with inventing movable metal type 1444 Gutenberg returns to Mainz and sets up a printing shop 1446 Gutenberg prints the "Poem of the Last Judgment" 1448 Gutenberg prints the "Calendar for 1448" 1450 Gutenberg' formed a partnership with the wealthy Johann Fust 1450 Gutenberg begins work on a Bible, the first is 40 lines per page. 1452 Gutenberg begins printing the 42-line Bible in two volumes. 1454 Gutenberg prints indulgences (notes sold to Christians by the Pope, pardoning their sins) 1455 First block-printed Bible, the Biblia Pauperum, published in Germany. 1455 Gutenberg completed work on what is estimated to be 200 copies of the Bible 1455 Gutenberg was effectively bankrupt. Investor Johann Faust gains control of print business 1457 First known color printing, a Psalter (a collection of Psalms for devotional use) by Faust. 1460 Gutenberg reestablished himself in the printing business with the aid of Conrad Humery 1461 Albrecht Pfister printed the first illustrated book Edelstein which featured a number of woodcuts. 1465 Gutenberg is appointed to the court of Archbishop Adolf of Nassau 1476 Two hundred woodcuts were used in a edition of Aesop's Fables 1476 First use of copper engravings instead of woodcuts for illustration 1476 William Caxton sets up his printing press in Westminster, England. 1499 Printing had become established in more than 2500 cities around Europe. 1499 An estimated 15 million books have been press printed, representing thirty thousand book titles CAPs: Johannes Gutenberg, Johann Gutenberg, Bi Sheng, Laurens Janszoon Koster, Johann Faust, Peter Schoffer, Albrecht Pfister, Conrad Humery, Archbishop Adolf of Nassau, William Caxton, Gutenberg Bible, 42-line Bible, Mazarin Bible, Diamond Sutra, Poem of the Last Judgment, Calendar for 1448, Psalter, Aesop's Fables, SIPs: printing press, movable type, xylography, metal type, indulgences, typography, letterpress printing, invention, history, inventor of, history of, who invented, invention of, fascinating facts. The Story: In the mid-15th century Johannes Gutenberg invented a mechanical way of making books. This was the first example of mass book production. Before the invention of printing, multiple copies of a manuscript had to be made by hand, a laborious task that could take many years. Later books were produced by and for the Church using the process of wood engraving. This required the craftsman to cut away the background, leaving the area to be printed raised. This process applied to both text and illustrations and was extremely time-consuming. When a page was complete, often comprising a number of blocks joined together, it would be inked and a sheet of paper was then pressed over it for an imprint. The susceptibility of wood to the elements gave such blocks a limited lifespan . In the Far East, movable type an	History of Newspapers by the NMA William Caxton sets up the first English printing press in Westminster. 1549 First known English newsletter: Requests of the Devonshyre and Cornyshe Rebelles. 1621 First titled newspaper, Corante, published in London. 1649 Cromwell suppressed all newsbooks on the eve of Charles I's execution. 1690 Worcester Postman launched. (In 1709 it starts regular publication as Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered to be the oldest surviving English newspaper). 1702 Launch of the first regular daily newspaper: The Daily Courant. 1709 First Copyright Act; Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered the oldest surviving English newspaper, started regular publication. 1712 First Stamp Act; advertisement, paper and stamp duties condemned as taxes on knowledge. Stamford Mercury believed to have been launched. 1717 The Kentish Post and Canterbury Newsletter launched. It took on its current name, Kentish Gazette, in 1768. 1718 Leeds Mercury started (later merged into Yorkshire Post). 1737 Belfast News Letter founded (world's oldest surviving daily newspaper). 1748 Aberdeen Journal began (Scotland's oldest newspaper - now the Press & Journal). 1772 Hampshire Chronicle launched, Hampshire's oldest paper. 1788 Daily Universal Register (est. 1785) became The Times. 1791 Harmsworth (then Northcliffe) bought The Observer. 1906 Newspaper Proprietors Association founded for national dailies. 1907 National Union of Journalists founded as a wage-earners union. 1915 Rothermere launched Sunday Pictorial (later Sunday Mirror). 1922 Death of Northcliffe. Control of Associated Newspapers passed to Rothermere. 1928 Northcliffe Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of Associated Newspapers. Provincial Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of United Newspapers. 1931 Audit Bureau of Circulations formed. 1936 Britain's first colour advertisement appears (in Glasgow's Daily Record). 1944 Iliffe took over BPM Holdings (including Birmingham Post). 1946 Guild of British Newspaper Editors formed (now the Society of Editors). 1953 General Council of the Press established. 1955 Month-long national press strike. Daily Record acquired by Mirror Group. 1959 Manchester Guardian becomes The Guardian. Six-week regional press printing strike. 1960 Photocomposition and web-offset printing progressively introduced. 1964 The Sun launched, replacing Daily Herald. Death of Beaverbrook. General Council of the Press reformed as the Press Council. 1969 Murdoch's News International acquired The Sun and News of the World. 1976 Nottingham Evening Post is Britain's first newspaper to start direct input by journalists. 1978 The Times and The Sunday Times ceased publication for 11 months. 1980 Association of Free Newspaper founded (folded 1991). Regional Newspaper Advertising Bureau formed. 1981 News International acquired The Times and the Sunday Times. 1983 Industrial dispute at Eddie Shah's Messenger group plant at Warrington. 1984 Mirror Group sold by Reed to Maxwell (Pergamon). First free daily newspaper, the (Birmingham) Daily News, launched by husband & wife team Chris & Pat Bullivant. 1986 News International moved titles to a new plant at Wapping. Eddie Shah launchedToday, first colour national daily launched. The Independent launched. 1987 News International took over Today. 1988 RNAB folded. Newspaper Society launched PressAd as its commercial arm. Thomson launched Scotland on Sunday and Sunday Life. 1989 Last Fleet Streetpaper produced by Sunday Express. 1990 First Calcutt report on Privacy and Related Matters. Launch of The European (by Maxwell) and Independent on Sunday. 1991 Press Complaints Commission replaced the Press Council. AFN folded. Death of Robert Maxwell (November). Management buy-out of Birmingham Post and sister titles. Midland Independent Newspapers established. 1992 Management buy-out by Caledonian Newspapers of Lonrho's Glasgow titles, The Herald and Evening Times. 1993 Guardian Media Group bought The Observer. UK News set up by Northcliffe and Westminster Press as rival news agency to the Press Association. Second Calcutt report into s	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,078	Pyongyang is the capital of which controversial nation?	Tourist's pics capture a different side of Pyongyang - CNN.com Tourist's pics capture a different side of Pyongyang By CNN Staff Updated 9:04 AM ET, Wed March 16, 2016 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. JUST WATCHED Photographer smuggles photos out of North Korea 04:23 (CNN) One of the biggest complaints among tourists visiting North Korea is their inability to get out and explore. Tourism is highly restricted, so booking a guided tour with one of the dozen or so companies endorsed by the state-run Korea International Travel Company is the only way in -- even for those flying solo. Outside the hotel, a guide accompanies visitors at all times and every tour is carefully choreographed. There are strict guidelines in place dictating what tourists can and cannot do in North Korea -- and that includes photography. London-based tourist and amateur photographer, Michal Huniewicz, discovered just that while on a recent visit to the reclusive country. Read More Though many of his photos were acceptable, he admits others were taken against the wishes of his minders. MORE: See inside an ancient North Korean passenger plane 'Nothing controversial' The photographs show different sides of Pyongyang, the North Korean capital, and pose a stark contrast to the tightly controlled image the government attempts to project both within and outside the border. "All of the pictures I took are North Korea seen through my eyes," Huniewicz tells CNN. On smuggling -- and publishing -- the photos, Huniewicz says he's "a little bit concerned" on whether that might mean trouble for the government minders. "I don't really know whether they're [under] any real threat, because there's nothing highly controversial in those pictures," he adds. Click on the below gallery below to see some of his North Korea snapshots. Photos: Unseen in Pyongyang "Like a stage" – London-based amateur photographer Michal Huniewicz recently visited North Korea as a tourist. He snapped dozens of images during his trip -- some permitted, others not. Huniewicz took this photo from the window of a train as he pulled into Pyongyang from Dandong. "It looked like something you would see in a theater," he says. "It's a bit too perfect." Hide Caption 1 of 14 Photos: Unseen in Pyongyang Candid moments – Huniewicz says this is just one of two photos in which he was able to capture a candid smile from local residents. Hide Caption 2 of 14 Photos: Unseen in Pyongyang Pyongyang Metro – North Koreans head down to the Pyongyang Metro. It's 100 meters underground thus riding the escalator down to the station takes a couple of minutes. Hide Caption 3 of 14 Photos: Unseen in Pyongyang Victorious Fatherland Liberation War Museum – "Who's American here?" the museum guide asks. "Grab the flowers, go to the monument, bow, and lay the flowers there." Huniewicz says North Koreans told him they single-handedly defeated the U.S. in the Korean War. Hide Caption 4 of 14 Photos: Unseen in Pyongyang Wish you were here – A woman sells postcards, stamps and posters, many featuring themes focused on defeating the U.S. and destroying the White House. Huniewicz says he did sent one such postcard from North Korea to the U.S. and it arrived with no problems. Hide Caption 5 of 14 Photos: Unseen in Pyongyang Speeding past slums? – These settlements, captured from a speeding van, appear to be slums outside of Pyongyang, according to Huniewicz. He speculates that the tourist transport vans slow down when passing what the authorities are proud of showing and speed past less desirable sights. Hide Caption 6 of 14 Photos: Unseen in Pyongyang A helping hand – This may look like an ordinary scene in any country, Huniewicz explains, but in North Korea, he feels it challenges a local song about no mother's love being greater than that of the Communist Party. Hide Caption	Yangon travel guide - Wikitravel History[ edit ] Yangon or Rangoon? Aung San Suu Kyi and the NLD promote the use of Rangoon instead of Yangon, as a sign of support for the democracy movement. Many Western governments keep using Rangoon as a sign of their rejection of the legitimacy of the current government. According to local legend, the Shwedagon Pagoda was built during the time of the Buddha and the area around the pagoda, modern Yangon has been settled since then. Whatever the truth of the legend, it is certain that a Mon village named Dagon has existed at the site since the 6th century AD. It was renamed Yangon (the 'end of strife') by the Shwebo based King Alaungpaya when he captured it from rebel Mon leaders in 1755 after which its importance as a port city began to grow. However, the city gained in importance only after the British occupied it during the Second Burmese War in 1852, after which it became the capital of British Burma and the trading and commercial centre of Burma. The British called the city Rangoon, which was an Anglicised form of "Yangon". The city grew rapidly during the colonial period, which left a legacy of solid 19th-century colonial architecture. Burma attained independence in 1948, but its true 'modern' period begins with the 1962 military coup and the institution of an isolationist Socialist regime in 1964, resulting in the steady decay of the city and its infrastructure. Tree-lined broad streets featuring colonial architecture In 1988, Yangon was the site of peaceful pro-democracy protests, in which thousands, including monks and students were gunned down. In 1989, the city was renamed to its original Burmese name, Yangon, by the military junta. In 2006, the capital was moved to Naypyidaw but today Yangon remains the business, cultural and intellectual capital of modern Burma. In 2007, Yangon again became the centre for demonstrations against the military government. People[ edit ] Since the 17th century, Yangon has been a cosmopolitan city with a polyglot mixture of peoples. Portuguese businessmen, Dutch fortune hunters, Englishmen of all sorts, Chinese seeking refuge from the upheavals in the Yunnan, and many, many Indians who arrived in several waves during colonial times. Most of these people are now gone and Yangon is now a predominantly Bamar city with a large Indian minority and a growing Chinese minority. Still, there are traces of the old Yangon still visible, whether it is in the crowded Indian dominated parts of Anawratha Street, or in the occasional Anglo-Burmese or Anglo-Indian who walks up and says hello. In some ways, the biggest change in modern Yangon is the loss of the Indians, who arrived with the British as soldiers and labourers (though Indian traders have always been a part of the Burmese landscape) and then left in two large waves of migration (during the Japanese occupation and again, in 1963, when they were forced to leave by Ne Win's government). Ethnic groups such as the Shan and Karen are also present. Kabya, or persons of mixed heritage, are common in Yangon. Climate[ edit ] The climate is monsoonal, with three distinct seasons: a rainy season from June to October, a cooler and drier "winter" from November to February, and a hot dry season from March to May. The winter season from November to January is markedly less humid and cooler than the remaining months, and hence sees the greatest number of visitors. Nevertheless, major festivals occur throughout the year, notably Thingyan (the water festival, equivalent to the Thai festival of Songkran), in April. (Festivals are keyed to the lunar cycle, specifically to the full-moon days of each lunar month, and therefore fall on different days each year of the Western, solar-based, calendar. However, first day of Thingyan festival occurred in 12 April because it is based on stellar cycle and number of festival days are different by years according to traditional astrological calculation). By plane[ edit ] Yangon International Airport (Mingladon) ( IATA : RGN) is located approximately 30 minutes north of the city cen	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,079	When Russia became a communist state in 1918 with Lenin as dictator, who was his foreign secretary?	The Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union Union The Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union [Excerpted from The Soviet Union-- A Country Study , Raymond E. Zickel, ed. (Washington, D. C.: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, 1989).] The Strains of the War Effort and the Weakening of Tsarism The onset of World War I had a drastic effect on domestic policies and a weak regime. A show of national unity had accompanied Russia's entrance into the war, but military reversals and the government's incompetence soon soured the attitude of much of the population. German control of the Baltic Sea and GermanOttoman control of the Black Sea severed Russia from most of its foreign supplies and potential markets. In addition, inept Russian preparations for war and ineffective economic policies hurt the country financially, logistically, and militarily. Inflation became a serious problem. Because of inadequate matériel support for military operations, the War Industries Committee was formed to ensure that necessary supplies reached the front. But army officers quarreled with civilian leaders, seized administrative control of front areas, and would not work with the committee. The central government disliked independent support activities organized by zemstvos and various cities. The Duma quarreled with the bureaucracy, and center and center-left deputies eventually formed the Progressive Bloc, which was aimed at forming a genuinely constitutional government. After Russian military reversals in 1915, Nicholas II went to the front to assume nominal leadership of the army. His German-born wife, Alexandra, and Rasputin, a debauched faith healer, who was able to stop the bleeding of the hemophiliac heir to the throne, tried to dictate policy and make ministerial appointments. Although their true influence has been debated, they undoubtedly decreased the regime's prestige and credibility. While the central government was hampered by court intrigue, the strain of the war began to cause popular unrest. In 1916 high food prices and a lack of fuel caused strikes in some cities. Workers, who won for themselves separate representative sections of the War Industries Committee, used them as organs of political opposition. The countryside was becoming restive. Soldiers, mainly newly recruited peasants who had been used as cannon fodder in the inept conduct of the war, were increasingly insubordinate. The situation continued to deteriorate. In an attempt to alleviate the morass at the tsar's court, a group of nobles murdered Rasputin in December 1916. But his death brought little change. In the winter of 1917, however, deteriorating rail transport caused acute food and fuel shortages, which resulted in riots and strikes. Troops were summoned to quell the disorders. Although troops had fired on demonstrators and saved tsarism in 1905, in 1917 the troops in Petrograd (the name of St. Petersburg after 1914) turned their guns over to the angry crowds. Support for the tsarist regime simply evaporated in 1917, ending three centuries of Romanov rule. * * * REVOLUTIONS AND CIVIL WAR The February Revolution By early 1917, the existing order in Russia verged on collapse. The country's involvement in World War I had already cost millions of lives and caused severe disruption in Russia's backward economy. In an effort to reverse the steadily worsening military situation, Emperor Nicholas II commanded Russian forces at the front, abandoning the conduct of government in Petrograd (St. Petersburg before 1914; Leningrad after 1924) to his unpopular wife and a series of incompetent ministers. As a consequence of these conditions, the morale of the people rapidly deteriorated. The spark to the events that ended tsarist rule was ignited on the streets of Petrograd in February 1917 (according to the old Julian calendar then in use in Russia). Provoked by shortages of food and fuel, crowds of hungry citizens and striking workers began spontaneous rioting and demonstrations on March 7 (February	Famous people of Georgia Zabit "Maugli" Samedov is an Azerbaijani kickboxer fighting out of Chinuk Gym in Minsk, Belarus. Zaza Pachulia Basketball Center Zaza Pachulia is a Georgian professional basketball who currently plays for Milwaukee Bucks of the NBA. He was born as Zaur Pachulia, but his first name was legally changed to Zaza. Diana Gurtskaya Pop Artist Diana Gudaevna Gurtskaya is a blind Georgian singer of Russian ethnicity who resides in Moscow, Russia. Following a failed attempt in Belarus the previous year Diana, on March 1, 2008, won the Georgian national final with 39.4% of the vote, therefore she represented Georgia at the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest in Belgrade, Serbia. She won a place in the final at the second semi-final on May 22 and finished 11th. Gurtskaya has a number of awards to her credit. Most notably, a 2007 Russian Honorable Artist award given to her by president Vladimir Putin, a Medal of Honor given to her by Georgian president Mikheil Saakashvili, and the Award of Saint Barbara in Ukraine amongst others. She has recorded duets with various well-known foreign singers including Ray Charles, Toto Cutugno, and Demis Roussos. In 2009, Gurtskaya received significant media attention after failing to obtain a visa from the British embassy due to her blindness. However, after a much publicised campaign, a visa was granted and the rules were changed. Gurtskaya is married to Pyotr Kucherenko, who is a sighted lawyer in Moscow, and they have one son, Konstantin. Sergei Witte Politician Count Sergei Yulyevich Witte, also known as Sergius Witte, was a highly influential policy-maker who presided over extensive industrialization within the Russian Empire. He served under the last two emperors of Russia. He was also the author of the October Manifesto of 1905, a precursor to Russia's first constitution, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire. Shota Arveladze Soccer Shota Arveladze is a former Georgian professional football player and currently the manager of Kasımpaşa. He is Georgia’s all-time top scorer with 291 goals in his 410 league games for his clubs and 26 goals during his 61 games on the national team. Since 2010–11 season, he is the manager of Turkish side Kayserispor. Arveladze played at Dinamo Tbilisi, Trabzonspor, and Ajax, and finished at least one season as the top goal scorer at all three. When he led Trabzonspor in goals in 1995–96, he also led the Süper Lig, making him the second non-Turk to date to lead that league in goals after Tarik Hodžić 1983–84. He is recorded as "most loved foreign player" for Trabzonspor supporters. Arveladze joined Rangers from Ajax for £2 million in 2001. He scored the 300th goal in the SPL. He was part of the squad that won the domestic treble in 2002–03 and the double in 2004–05. He departed for Dutch side AZ on a free transfer in 2004–05. He was also a regular in the Georgian national team, and was the nation's all-time leading scorer. In 1993 he scored an effective first Euro Tournament goal in the history of independent Georgian Football in the match against Linfield, Northern Ireland. He is now retired from international football. His twin brother Archil also played international football for Georgia. Arveladze played football on a high level well into his thirties despite having to deal with chronic asthma his entire career. He ended his playing career on 22 May 2008 and joined AZ's coaching staff, under former Ajax coach Louis van Gaal. Shota's son Giorgi Arveladze, and is trying to follow his father's footsteps. He scored the most goals in the top leagues of different countries from the former Soviet Union. Shota is the top scorer of the Georgia national football team, and he was the top scorer in the Championships of both Turkey and the Netherlands. Teymuraz Gabashvili Tennis Player Teymuraz Gabashvili is a tennis player from Russia. He was born in Georgia but moved to Moscow, Russia. Gabashvili reached the fourth round of the 2010 French Open and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world no. 59 in February 2009. Shota Rus	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,080	Which system of historical classification was devised by the 19th century Danish archaeologist Christian Jurgensen Thomsen?	Archaeology Wordsmith Archaeology Wordsmith museum CATEGORY: structure; term DEFINITION: An institution that collects, studies, exhibits, and conserves objects for cultural and educational purposes; literally, a temple (or seat) of the Muses. The term was first applied to an establishment founded by Ptolemy I, called Soter, at Alexandria in Egypt, in the late 3rd century BC. SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS: Abu Ghurob CATEGORY: site DEFINITION: A site on the west bank of the Nile between Giza and Saqqara, originally called the Pyramid of Righa" and containing the remains of a sun temple erected by the 5th Dynasty King Nyuserra (2445-2421 BC) whose pyramid is at Abusir just to the south. The building of a sun temple to Ra in addition to a royal pyramid complex was customary in the 5th Dynasty. Abu Gurah is the best preserved of the two surviving examples (Userkaf at Abusir is the other.). Reliefs from the temple were sent to museums in Germany but a number of them were destroyed during World War II." Abydos, Tablets of CATEGORY: artifact; language DEFINITION: Two hieroglyphic inscriptions containing the names of Egyptian kings that were found on the walls in a small temple at Abydos, Egypt. The first tablet has the names of the kings of the 12th and 18th Dynasties and it is now in the British Museum. The second tablet begins with Menes, one of the first kings of Egypt, and has a complete list of the first two dynasties as well as a number of names from the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 9th, 10th, and 11th Dynasties. It was discovered in 1864 by Auguste Mariette, who published the book Abydos" in 1869." accession CATEGORY: term DEFINITION: An object acquired by a museum or collector as a part of a permanent collection; also, the act of processing and recording an addition to a permanent collection. alabaster SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS: Egyptian alabaster CATEGORY: geology DEFINITION: A term used by Egyptologists for a type of white, semi-transparent or translucent, stone used in statuary, vases, sarcophagi, and architecture. It is a form of limestone ( calcium carbonate), sometimes described as travertine. It was used increasingly from the Early Dynastic period for funerary vessels as well as statuary and altars. Alabaster is found in Middle Egypt, a main source being Hatnub, southeast of el-Amarna. The sarcophagi of Seti I (British Museum) is a fine example. An alabaster (also alabastron or alabastrum) is also the name of a small vase or jar for precious perfumes or oils made of this material. It was often globular with a narrow mouth and often without handles. Alfred Jewel CATEGORY: artifact DEFINITION: An elaborate gold ornament which is an example of 9th century Anglo-Saxon craftsmanship and found at Somerset, England in 1893 (now in Ashmolean Museum, Oxford). It consists of an enameled plaque with an oval portrait in different-colored Cloisonné, enhanced with filigree wire and backed by a flat piece of gold engraved with foliate decoration. Engraved around the frame are the Old English words which translate to, 'Alfred ordered me to be made', assumed to be King Alfred. Amudian SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS: Amud CATEGORY: culture DEFINITION: A culture and industry close to the Sea of Galilee near Tiberias, Israel. There are several important caves, including Emireh, the type site of the Emiran, and Zuttiyeh, the type site of the Amudian. These demonstrate the early occurrence of Upper Palaeolithic blades and burins even earlier than the Mousterian and its flake tools. The Amud cave is Mousterian or Emiran and in 1961 the skeletal remains were found of two adults and two children estimated to have lived about 50,000-60,000 years ago (remains held in the Rockefeller Archaeological Museum, Jerusalem). They consist of a skeleton of an adult male about 25 years old, a fragment of an adult jaw, and skull fragments of infants. The skeleton has an exceptionally large brain (1800 cc). The remains suggest that they are part of a group known as Near Eastern Neanderthal man. This group represents a mixture of West Asian features similar to those of f	Overspill Overspill 5A: Vanilla, Strawberry and Chocolate 6A: Tea 18A: The white of an egg 19A: Tomato 33A. Kings cross and Charing cross 34A. Pennsylvania 35A. KLM or Royal Dutch Airlines (Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij) 36A. Caracus 41A. New Guinea (Greenland is the largest) 42A. Eros 64A: The Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Phillip 65A: Captain James Cook! 66A: Bones in the Hand 67A: John D. Rockefeller 69A: The eye (inflammation of the cornea) 70A: Mormons 72A: Princess Diana was killed in a car crash. 73A: Leprosy 79A: Schutzstaffel or ‘Protection Squad 80A: The 16th 83A: Fractures of the bone 84A: Leg 108A. New Guinea (Greenland is the largest) 109A. A monkey 110A. The Merchant Of Venice 111A. Teeth 115A. A fish (of the herring family found off North America's Atlantic coast) 116A. the umbrella 118A. Rhinoceros (up to 5 tons, then hippo up to 3.2 tons) 119A. Water buffalo 133A. 8 ft (2.44 metres) 134A. Anna Kournikova 140A. Preston North End - 1888-89 141A. Motor Racing (nickname for Indianapolis) 142A. Beijing 143A. Mercedes Benz 144A. Alec Stewart 145A. 20 (8 pawns can move 1 or 2 squares and 2 knights can move in 2 directions) 146A. Marcellus. 154A: Leondaro, Raphael, Michaelangelo, Donatello 155A: Thing 158A: Mrs Hudson 159A: British Academy of Film and Television Arts 160A: Colonel John 'Hannibal' Smith, played by George Peppard, from the 1980's US TV action series The A-Team. 161A: The Three Wise Men (or the Three Kings) 162A: A Few Good Men 163A: Rudolph Valentino 164A: The Coronation of Elizabeth II 165A: Cameron Diaz 171A: The Artful Dodger 172A: 15 173A: Ernst Stavro Blofeld in From Russia With Love, Thunderball, You Only Live Twice, On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Diamonds Are Forever and Never Say Never Again 174A: Dr. Who 184A. Bootlegger 185A. Australia 186A. English - founded in 1701 as a collegiate school it was renamed Yale college in his honour in 1718 and renamed Yale University in 1887. 187A. His bayonet 190A. KLM or Royal Dutch Airlines (Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij) 191A. McDonalds 193A. Jesper Parnevik 194A. Idi Amin Dada 195A. It took place in 1889. John L(awrence) Sullivan –1858 to 1918 knocked out Jake Kilrain in 75 rounds. 196A. They fathered children 197A. John Ronald Reuel - 1892 to 1973 198A. Harriet Beecher Stowe 205A. Gardens (a.k.a. Capability Brown) 206A. the umbrella 209A. Gold, Juno, Sword, Omaha, Utah. 210A. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour 211A. Criminal 217A. Fork in (the) road 218A. Dominoes 223A. Its a small world after all 224A. A bad spell of weather 225A. Tale of two cities 226A. Postman 229A. All in a days work 230A. Clean underwear 232A. The good the bad and the ugly 233A. Frank Sinatra 235A. What goes up must come down 236A. One step forwards two steps back 237A. Glance backwards 238A. Long time no see 239A. Gross injustice BIG BLOG QUIZ 2011 Thank you those of you that have pointed out the repeats, the questions are compiled from various web sources, just go with it, cheers x For everyone who loves a quiz but cant take part in the live twitter quizzes i thought i would do an 'at home' quiz If you want your efforts scored email your answers to me at scaryeye@hotmail.com Id rather people didnt cheat and google all the answers but hey....its your karma Closing date is Noon on January 1st 2012 2011 Big Quiz – Qs 1 Q: Kulfi is a type of which Indian food? 2 Q: In the Wild West, what did the Red Indians call whisky? 3 Q: It means Aunt Mary in English, but by what name do we usually know this drink? 4 Q: What is the name of the baked, light, sweet or savoury, dish whose name derives from the French 'to puff up'? 5 Q: Which three flavours make up a Neapolitan ice cream? 6 Q: Which beverage may be black or green? 7 Q: What does a ‘Sommelier’ Do? 8 Q: A bottle equivalent to 20 Bottles of wine is called what? 9 Q: Which part of a cow is used to make tripe? 10 Q: What type of fruit is a cantaloupe? 11 Q: Which vegetable is also known as an egg plant? 12 Q: What is a baby oyster called? 13 Q: Arctic King, Saladin and Tom Thumb are which types of vegetable? 14 Q: What ty	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,081	Who reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 26 August 1978 until his death 33 days later, the shortest reign in papal history since 1605?	John Paul I elected Pope \| World History Project Aug 26 1978 John Paul I elected Pope Pope John Paul I (Latin: Ioannes Paulus PP. I, Italian: Giovanni Paolo I), born Albino Luciani, (17 October 1912 – 28 September 1978), reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as Sovereign of Vatican City from 26 August 1978 until his death 33 days later. His reign is among the shortest in papal history, resulting in the most recent Year of Three Popes. John Paul I was the first Pope born in the 20th century. In Italy he is remembered with the affectionate appellatives of "Il Papa del sorriso" ("The smiling Pope") and "Il sorriso di Dio" ("God's smile"). Luciani was elected on the fourth ballot of the August 1978 papal conclave. He chose the regnal name of John Paul, the first double name in the history of the papacy, explaining in his famous Angelus that he took it as a thankful honour to his two immediate predecessors: John XXIII, who had named him a bishop, and Paul VI, who had named him Patriarch of Venice and a cardinal. He was also the first (and so far only) pope to use "the first" in his regnal name. In Italy he is remembered with the affectionate appellatives of "Il Papa del Sorriso" (The Smiling Pope) and "Il Sorriso di Dio" (God's Smile). John Paul I pictured in a coin. Observers have suggested that his selection was linked to the rumored divisions between rival camps within the College of Cardinals: Conservatives and Curialists supporting Cardinal Giuseppe Siri, who favored a more conservative interpretation or even correction of Vatican II's reforms. Those who favored a more liberal interpretation of Vatican II's reforms, and some Italian cardinals supporting Cardinal Giovanni Benelli, who was opposed because of his "autocratic" tendencies. The dwindling band of supporters of Cardinal Sergio Pignedoli, who was allegedly so confident that he was papabile that he went on a crash diet to fit the right size of white cassock when elected.[citation needed] Outside the Italians, now themselves a lessening influence within the increasingly internationalist College of Cardinals, were figures like Karol Cardinal Wojtyła. Over the days following the conclave, cardinals effectively declared that with general great joy they had elected "God's candidate". Argentine Eduardo Francisco Cardinal Pironio stated that, "We were witnesses of a moral miracle." And later, Mother Teresa commented: "He has been the greatest gift of God, a sunray of God's love shining in the darkness of the world." Metropolitan Nikodim (Rotov) of Leningrad, who was present at his installation, collapsed and died during the ceremony, and the new Pope prayed over him in his final moments. Source: Wikipedia Added by: Kevin Rogers Pope John Paul I was the predecessor to the highly popular Pope John Paul II, but don't feel bad if you do not remember him, because his term as a Pope was short lived. In fact, it only lasted 33 days before Pope John Paul I died in office. So who was Pope John Paul I, where did He come from and what were His accomplishments? A Short Biography of Pope John Paul 1: His real name is Albino Luciani. He was born on October 17 1912 in Belluno Italy. He entered the minor seminary at Feltre on October 1, 1923. He became an ordained priest on July 7, 1935 in St Peter's Church Belluno. He became crate on Forno di Canale on July 8 of 1935. He was the Chaplain and teacher at the Technical Institute for Miners in Agordo from 1935-1937. He was appointed Vice Rector of Seminary at Belluno from 1935-1947. He received a Doctorate in Theology in 1950. Consecrated as Bishop of Vittorio Vento on December 27, 1958. Was named Patriarch of Venice on December 15, 1969. Was made a Cardinal on March 5, 1973. Was elected Pope on August 26, 1978 and adopted the name of Pope John Paul I. The Religious Figure Pope John Paul I who was born Albino Luciani was a devout religious man who dedicated his life to the Catholic Church almost from the first time he could. As you can see from the brief biography above -- from the time he entered the Seminary in 1923 to the time he w	General Knowledge Quiz - By Zarbo84 The fictional character John Clayton is better known by what name? La Paz is the administrative capital of which South American country? Actor Charles Buchinsky was better known by what name? The medical condition ‘aphonia’ is the inability to do what? In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was the king of which Island? Who played the title role in the 1953 film ‘The Glenn Miller Story’? A third wedding anniversary is traditionally represented by which material? In the Bible, what sign did God give Noah that the earth would not be flooded again? In August 2011 NASA announced that photographic evidence had been captured of possible liquid water of which planet in our solar system? The restored tomb of which dramatist was unveiled in Paris in November 2011, after being ruined by lipstick smears left by thousands of kisses? What was the name of the hurricane which hit the East Coast of America in August 2011? On 11th March 2011 a 9.1 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the east of which country? Convict George Joseph Smith was known as the ‘Brides in the ‘what’ murderer’? In the human body, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis is commonly known by what name? A peregrine is what type of bird? What is the name of the highly toxic protein obtained from the pressed seeds of the castor oil plant? Which British pop musician/actor was actress Sadie Frost’s first husband? British singer Gaynor Hopkins is better known by what name? Who played Ron Kovic in the 1989 film ‘Born on the Fourth of July’? Ben Gurion International Airport is in which country? Which basketball star is kidnapped by cartoon characters in the 1996 film ‘Space Jam’? In the tv series The A Team, what does B.A. stand for in the name B.A. Baracus? In medicine, metritis is the inflammation of which part of the body? In which year was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in the USA? In the human body, where is the atrium? The OK Corral is in which US town? In Greek mythology, Amphitrite, queen of the sea, was the wife of which god? Which British boxer bought one of the original ‘Only Fools and Horses’ Reliant Robins in 2004? Actor Roy Harold Scherer was better known by what name? Anna Gordy was the first wife of which late soul singer? Who played Heinrich Himmler in the 1976 film ‘The Eagle Has Landed’? Which is the fastest rotating planet in our solar system? Which country was invaded by Iraq in 1990? Cobalt, Cyan and Cerulean are shades of which colour? In 1936, Joseph Bowers was the first inmate to attempt an escape from which prison? In the 18th Century, the British Royal Navy ordered limes and lemons to be carried on board ships as a remedy for which disease? In which US state were the 1692 Witch Trials held? Question Who was the father of English monarch Edward VI? Vermicide is a substance used for killing which creatures? Miss Gatsby and Miss Tibbs were two elderly residents in which UK tv sitcom? Who was US actor Mickey Rooney’s first wife? The resort town of Sliema is on which Mediterranean island? In the Bible, what is the Decalogue more commonly known as? In Greek mythology, Hypnos was the god of what? Which real-life couple starred in the 1994 remake of the film ‘The Getaway’? American 1940′s murder victim Elizabeth Short was known by what posthumous nickname? British monarch Henry VIII married which of his wives in 1540? In February 1983 which US writer choked to death on the cap from a bottle of eye drops? Which US gangster was released from Alcatraz prison in November 1939? Who built the Roman wall which divided England and Scotland? In the human body, the hallux is more commonly known by what name? The liqueur Maraschino is flavoured with which fruit? Which famous US outlaw shot the cashier of a savings bank in Gallatin Missouri in 1869? Kathmandu is the capital of which country? TAP is the chief airline of which European country? In November 2002, which member of the British royal family was convicted and fined for violating the Dangerous Dogs Act? Tommy Lee plays which instrument in the band Motley Crue? The Wang River i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,082	Which King of England was nicknamed Softsword and Lackland?	King John Lackland King John Lackland Location of death: Newark, Lincolnshire, England Cause of death: Illness Remains: Buried, Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, England Gender: Male Nationality: England Executive summary: Signed the Magna Carta, then reneged John Lackland, King of England, the youngest son of King Henry II by Eleanor of Aquitaine , was born at Oxford on the 24th of December 1167. He was given at an early age the nickname of Lackland because, unlike his elder brothers, he received no land rights in the continental provinces. But his future was subject of anxious thought to Henry II. When only five years old John was betrothed (1173) to the heiress of Maurienne and Savoy, a principality which, as dominating the chief routes from France and Burgundy to Italy, enjoyed a consequence out of all proportion to its area. Later, when this plan had fallen through he was endowed with castles, revenues and lands on both sides of the channel; the vacant earldom of Cornwall was reserved for him (1175); he was betrothed to Isabella the heiress of the earldom of Gloucester (1176); and he was granted the lordship of Ireland with the homage of the Anglo-Irish baronage (1177). Henry II even provoked a civil war by attempting to transfer he duchy of Aquitaine from the hands of his brother Richard the Lionheart to those of John (1183). In spite of the incapacity which he displayed in this war, John was sent a little later to govern Ireland (1185); but he returned in a few months covered with disgrace, having alienated the loyal chiefs by his childish insolence and entirely failed to defend the settlers from the hostile clans. Remaining henceforth at his father's side he was treated with he utmost indulgence. But he joined with his brother Richard and the French king Philip Augustus in the great conspiracy of 1189, and the discovery of his treason broke the heart of the old king. Richard on his accession confirmed John's existing possessions; married him to Isabella of Gloucester; and gave him, besides other grants, the entire revenues of six English shires; but excluded him from any share in the regency which was appointed to govern England during the third crusade; and only allowed him to live in the kingdom because urged to this concession by their mother. Soon after the king's departure for the Holy Land it became known that he had designated his nephew, the young Arthur of Brittany, as his successor. John at once began to intrigue against the regents with the aim of securing England for himself. He picked a quarrel with the unpopular chancellor William Longchamp, and succeeded, by the help of the barons and the Londoners, in expelling this minister, whose chief fault was that of fidelity to the absent Richard. Not being permitted to succeed Longchamp as the head of the administration, John next turned to Philip Augustus for help. A bargain was struck; and when Richard was captured by Leopold, duke of Austria (December 1192), the allies endeavored to prevent his release, and planned a partition of his dominions. They were, however, unable to win either English or Norman support and their schemes collapsed with Richard's return (March 1194). He magnanimously pardoned his brother, and they lived on not unfriendly terms for the next five years. On his deathbed Richard, reversing his former arrangements, caused his barons to swear fealty to John (1199), although the hereditary claim of Arthur was by the law of primogeniture undoubtedly superior. England and Normandy, after some hesitation, recognized John's title; the attempt of Anjou and Brittany to assert the rights of Arthur ended disastrously by the capture of the young prince at Mirebeau in Poitou (1202). But there was no part of his dominions in which John inspired personal devotion. Originally accepted as a political necessity, he soon came to be detested by the people as a tyrant and despised by the nobles for his cowardice and sloth. He inherited great difficulties -- the feud with France, the dissensions of the continental provinces, the growing indifference of Englan	Timeline of the Kings & Queens of England There have been 66 monarchs of England and Britain spread over a period of 1500 years. SAXON KINGS EGBERT 827 - 839 Egbert (Ecgherht) was the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. After returning from exile at the court of Charlemagne in 802, he regained his kingdom of Wessex. Following his conquest of Mercia in 827, he controlled all of England south of the Humber. After further victories in Northumberland and North Wales, he is recognised by the title Bretwalda ( Anglo-Saxon , "ruler of the British". A year before he died aged almost 70, he defeated a combined force of Danes and Cornish at Hingston Down in Cornwall. He is buried at Winchester in Hampshire. AETHELWULF 839-856 King of Wessex , son of Egbert and father of Alfred the Great. In 851 Aethelwulf defeated a Danish army at the battle of Oakley while his eldest son Althelstan fought and beat the Danes at sea off the coast of Kent , in what is believed to be the first naval battle. A highly religous man, Athelwulf travelled to Rome with his son Alfred to see the Pope in 855. AETHELBALD 856 - 860 The eldest son of Aethelwulf, Æthelbald was born around 834. He was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames in southwest London, after forcing his father to abdicate upon his return from pilgrimage to Rome. Following his fathers death in 858, he married his widowed stepmother Judith, but under pressure from the church the marriage was annulled after only a year. He is buried at Sherbourne Abbey in Dorset . AETHELBERT 860 - 866 Became king following the death of his brother Æthelbald. Like his brother and his father, Aethelbert (pictured to the right) was crowned at Kingston-Upon-Thames. Shortly after his succession a Danish army landed and sacked Winchester before being defeated by the Saxons. In 865 the Viking Great Heathen Army landed in East Anglia and swept across England. He is buried at Sherborne Abbey. AETHELRED I 866 - 871 Aethelred succeeded his brother Aethelbert. His reign was one long struggle with the Danes who had occupied York in 866, establishing the Viking kingdom of Yorvik . When the Danish Army moved south Wessex itself was threatened, and so together with his brother Alfred, they fought several battles with the Vikings at Reading, Ashdown and Basing. Aethelred suffered serious injuries during the next major battle at Meretun in Hampshire; he died of his wounds shortly after at Witchampton in Dorset, where he was buried. ALFRED THE GREAT 871 - 899 - son of AETHELWULF Born at Wantage in Berkshire around 849, Alfred was well educated and is said to have visited Rome on two occasions. He had proven himself to be a strong leader in many battles, and as a wise ruler managed to secure five uneasy years of peace with the Danes, before they attacked Wessex again in 877. Alfred was forced to retreat to a small island in the Somerset Levels and it was from here that he masterminded his comeback, perhaps ' burning the cakes ' as a consequence. With major victories at Edington, Rochester and London, Alfred established Saxon Christian rule over first Wessex, and then on to most of England. To secure his hard won boundaries Alfred founded a permanent army and an embryonic Royal Navy. To secure his place in history, he began the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. EDWARD (The Elder) 899 - 924 Succeeded his father Alfred the Great. Edward retook southeast England and the Midlands from the Danes. Following the the death of his sister Aethelflaed of Mercia , Edward unites the kingdoms of Wessex and Mercia. In 923, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles record that the Scottish King Constantine II recognises Edward as "father and lord". The following year, Edward is killed in a battle against the Welsh near Chester . His body is returned to Winchester for burial. ATHELSTAN 924 - 939 Son of Edward the Elder, Athelstan extended the boundaries of his kingdom at the Battle of Brunanburh in 937. In what is said to be one of the bloodiest battles ever fought on British soil, Athelstan defeated a combined army of Scots	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,083	Chinaman, Flipper and Leg-Break are all terms used in which sport?	SK Glossary: What is Chinaman Bowling in cricket? SK Glossary: What is Chinaman Bowling in cricket? "Fancy being done by a bloody Chinaman." Analysis 26 Apr 2016, 16:09 IST Brad Hogg- A modern day chinaman Sounds like Shaolin Cricket, but is actually not; let’s have a look. So what is Chinaman bowling? Essentially the mirror image right-arm leg break bowler (wrist spinner), a Chinaman is a delivery that, when bowled over the wrist by a left-arm spinner, spins away from a left-handed batsman or into a right-handed batsman; i.e. from left to right, as viewed on your screens. The rarity of these bowlers stems from the fact that most batsmen are right handed and that the delivery coming into the right-hander is generally perceived to be easier to play than the one going away. Chinaman's delivery vs Leg spinner's delivery vs Origin The origins are a mystery, with two people attributed to the Chinaman. Firstly, South African all-rounder, Charlie Llewellyn, who played around the end of the 19th century, claimed to have invented the delivery itself. But the origin of the term itself is generally believed to be associated with former West Indian spinner Ellis “Puss” Achong; the first test player of Chinese ancestry. History has it that in the 1933 Old Trafford Test, after bowling West Indies out for 375, English batsman Walter Robins joined his captain Douglas Jardine at the crease at a precocious 324/6. The pair added 140 runs before Achong, who was a left-arm spinner, bowled a mystery wrist-spin delivery that spun back sharply into English batsman Walter Robins and had him stumped. On his way back to the pavilion, a bemused Robins is said to have remarked, Fancy being done by a bloody Chinaman. Learie Constantine, who was fighting against racism at the time, was taken aback by the comment and asked Robins, “Do you mean the bowler or the ball?” We all know what he meant. And thus, the term Chinaman was coined. Variation Just like a traditional right arm leg spinner, the Chinaman bowler has a googly where the ball pitches and spins into a left-handed batsman or away from a right-handed batsman. How to bowl it? Do you fancy being a left arm spinner and want to bowl the Chinaman? Here’s how you can: First, place the top-most joints of the index, middle and third fingers across the seam and rest the ball between a bent pinky and the thumb. During release, the fingers must straighten and the work on the ball will be done by the third finger, turning the ball clockwise (counter-clockwise if seen front on) The wrist must be flicked so as to finish having the palm facing downwards. An amphibian Chinaman? In 1995, South African Chinaman bowler Paul Adams made his test debut and made headlines; not for his bowling exploits but for his unusual action. So strange was his action that it was likened to a “frog-in-a-blender” by English batsman Mike Gatting after he bamboozled English batsmen in a tour match. Chinaman Bowling Experts Rare as they are, some of the famous practitioners of the Chinaman are Sir Garfield Sobers (West Indies), Paul Adams (South Africa), Michael Bevan and Brad Hogg (both Australia) Kuldeep Yadav, who made his IPL debut for the Kolkata Knight Riders against the Mumbai Indians in IPL 2016, is the first Chinaman bowler to be picked for the Indian Cricket Team. Tabraiz Shamsi who replaced Samuel Badree in RCB line-up is also a Chinaman bowler.	General Knowledge Quiz - By Zarbo84 The fictional character John Clayton is better known by what name? La Paz is the administrative capital of which South American country? Actor Charles Buchinsky was better known by what name? The medical condition ‘aphonia’ is the inability to do what? In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was the king of which Island? Who played the title role in the 1953 film ‘The Glenn Miller Story’? A third wedding anniversary is traditionally represented by which material? In the Bible, what sign did God give Noah that the earth would not be flooded again? In August 2011 NASA announced that photographic evidence had been captured of possible liquid water of which planet in our solar system? The restored tomb of which dramatist was unveiled in Paris in November 2011, after being ruined by lipstick smears left by thousands of kisses? What was the name of the hurricane which hit the East Coast of America in August 2011? On 11th March 2011 a 9.1 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the east of which country? Convict George Joseph Smith was known as the ‘Brides in the ‘what’ murderer’? In the human body, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis is commonly known by what name? A peregrine is what type of bird? What is the name of the highly toxic protein obtained from the pressed seeds of the castor oil plant? Which British pop musician/actor was actress Sadie Frost’s first husband? British singer Gaynor Hopkins is better known by what name? Who played Ron Kovic in the 1989 film ‘Born on the Fourth of July’? Ben Gurion International Airport is in which country? Which basketball star is kidnapped by cartoon characters in the 1996 film ‘Space Jam’? In the tv series The A Team, what does B.A. stand for in the name B.A. Baracus? In medicine, metritis is the inflammation of which part of the body? In which year was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in the USA? In the human body, where is the atrium? The OK Corral is in which US town? In Greek mythology, Amphitrite, queen of the sea, was the wife of which god? Which British boxer bought one of the original ‘Only Fools and Horses’ Reliant Robins in 2004? Actor Roy Harold Scherer was better known by what name? Anna Gordy was the first wife of which late soul singer? Who played Heinrich Himmler in the 1976 film ‘The Eagle Has Landed’? Which is the fastest rotating planet in our solar system? Which country was invaded by Iraq in 1990? Cobalt, Cyan and Cerulean are shades of which colour? In 1936, Joseph Bowers was the first inmate to attempt an escape from which prison? In the 18th Century, the British Royal Navy ordered limes and lemons to be carried on board ships as a remedy for which disease? In which US state were the 1692 Witch Trials held? Question Who was the father of English monarch Edward VI? Vermicide is a substance used for killing which creatures? Miss Gatsby and Miss Tibbs were two elderly residents in which UK tv sitcom? Who was US actor Mickey Rooney’s first wife? The resort town of Sliema is on which Mediterranean island? In the Bible, what is the Decalogue more commonly known as? In Greek mythology, Hypnos was the god of what? Which real-life couple starred in the 1994 remake of the film ‘The Getaway’? American 1940′s murder victim Elizabeth Short was known by what posthumous nickname? British monarch Henry VIII married which of his wives in 1540? In February 1983 which US writer choked to death on the cap from a bottle of eye drops? Which US gangster was released from Alcatraz prison in November 1939? Who built the Roman wall which divided England and Scotland? In the human body, the hallux is more commonly known by what name? The liqueur Maraschino is flavoured with which fruit? Which famous US outlaw shot the cashier of a savings bank in Gallatin Missouri in 1869? Kathmandu is the capital of which country? TAP is the chief airline of which European country? In November 2002, which member of the British royal family was convicted and fined for violating the Dangerous Dogs Act? Tommy Lee plays which instrument in the band Motley Crue? The Wang River i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,084	Which American television drama series, that originally aired between 2001 - 2005, was set in 'Fisher & Sons Funeral Home'?	Six Feet Under (TV Series 2001–2005) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A drama series that takes a darkly comical look at members of a dysfunctional California family that runs an independent funeral home. Creator: Nate and Brenda's daughter Willa is born, but 2 months early and at only 2 lb. 4 oz., requiring a prolonged hospital stay. Nate is convinced she won't make it and insists that he can't accept it if ... 9.9 The family prepares for the worst funeral of their lives. Ruth makes things worse on David by taking out her pain on him until he stands up for himself, and Nate makes things worse for Brenda by ... 9.1 Lawrence Hall Matheson chooses the wrong moment to check his pulse while jogging in a California "ecotone" - a cougar mauls him. Hospitalized following his seizure, an unconscious Nate dreams he ... 9.0 a list of 44 titles created 04 Jul 2011 a list of 25 titles created 25 Dec 2013 a list of 35 titles created 17 Aug 2014 a list of 24 titles created 29 Aug 2015 a list of 27 titles created 7 months ago Title: Six Feet Under (2001–2005) 8.8/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 3 Golden Globes. Another 54 wins & 162 nominations. See more awards » Videos New Jersey mob boss, Tony Soprano, deals with personal and professional issues in his home and business life. Stars: James Gandolfini, Lorraine Bracco, Edie Falco Dexter Morgan is a Forensics Expert, a loyal brother, boyfriend, and friend. That's what he seems to be, but that's not what he really is. Dexter Morgan is a Serial Killer that hunts the bad. Stars: Michael C. Hall, Jennifer Carpenter, David Zayas A drama about one of New York's most prestigious ad agencies at the beginning of the 1960s, focusing on one of the firm's most mysterious but extremely talented ad executives, Donald Draper. Stars: Jon Hamm, Elisabeth Moss, Vincent Kartheiser A series chronicling the daily activities of an unusual prison facility and its criminal inhabitants. Stars: Ernie Hudson, J.K. Simmons, Lee Tergesen A show set in the late 1800s, revolving around the characters of Deadwood, South Dakota; a town of deep corruption and crime. Stars: Timothy Olyphant, Ian McShane, Molly Parker Baltimore drug scene, seen through the eyes of drug dealers and law enforcement. Stars: Dominic West, Lance Reddick, Sonja Sohn The X-Files (TV Series 1993) Drama \| Mystery \| Sci-Fi Two FBI agents, Fox Mulder the believer and Dana Scully the skeptic, investigate the strange and unexplained while hidden forces work to impede their efforts. Stars: David Duchovny, Gillian Anderson, Mitch Pileggi An Atlantic City politician plays both sides of the law, conspiring with gangsters during the Prohibition era. Stars: Steve Buscemi, Kelly Macdonald, Michael Shannon An idiosyncratic FBI agent investigates the murder of a young woman in the even more idiosyncratic town of Twin Peaks. Stars: Kyle MacLachlan, Michael Ontkean, Mädchen Amick A down-to-earth account of the lives of both illustrious and ordinary Romans set in the last days of the Roman Republic. Stars: Kevin McKidd, Ray Stevenson, Polly Walker The lives and cases of a dirty LAPD cop and the police unit under his command. Stars: Michael Chiklis, Catherine Dent, Walton Goggins An antisocial maverick doctor who specializes in diagnostic medicine does whatever it takes to solve puzzling cases that come his way using his crack team of doctors and his wits. Stars: Hugh Laurie, Omar Epps, Robert Sean Leonard Edit Storyline A drama series that takes a darkly comical look at members of a dysfunctional family that runs an independent funeral home. With the prodigal elder son (Nate) returning home for the holidays to shattering news, the family must learn to deal with a death of their own, while figuring out how to go ahead wi	2001 KO Final February, which ex-PM was awarded an earldom on his 90th birthday ? Harold Macmillan B1 A member of the House of Lords and an ex-MP, who celebrated his 100th birthday in November 1984 ? Mannie Shinwell Which government department banned trades unions causing a national outcry ? GCHQ (Government Communications Headquarters) Outside which foreign government building was policewoman Yvonne Fletcher shot and fatally wounded ? Libyan People's Bureau or Libyan Embassy A3 In the course of a violent argument in April, which recording artist was shot and killed by his father ? Marvin Gaye In October, who was killed by members of her own bodyguard ? Indira Ghandi A4 In March the British government announced its approval of the sale of which shipyard on the lower Clyde to Trafalgar House ? Scott Lithgow B4 In October which bank, a bullion dealer, was rescued from debts of around ï¿½250 million by a Bank of England buy-out ? Johnson Matthey Subject: ï¿½One Word Cinemaï¿½ Answers A1 A 1992 Oscar winning Clint Eastwood film in which a former hired killer turned unsuccessful farmer returns to his old ways in pursuit of a $1,000 reward ? Unforgiven B1 A 1972 John Boorman film in which a leading character, played by Ned Beatty, is raped by a ï¿½Hillbillyï¿½ ? Deliverance A2 A 1929 film, Hitchcockï¿½s first talkie, in which a Scotland Yard Inspector is placed in a difficult position when he discovers his girlfriend has committed a murder ? Blackmail B2 Set in Rio, a 1946 Hitchcock film with Cary Grant & Ingrid Bergman in which a woman marries a Nazi renegade to help the US Government ? Notorious A3 A 1916 film by D.W. Griffith starring Lillian Gish in one of four intercut stories including Balshazzarï¿½s Feast and the St Bartholomewï¿½s Day Massacre ? Intolerance B3 A 1967 camped-up version of Faust in which a short order cook is saved from suicide by Mr Spiggott - who offers him 7 wishes in exchange for his soul ? Bedazzled A4 A 1924 Erich von Stroheim film in which an ex-miner turned dentist kills his avaricious wife and her lover ? Greed B4 Set in the mid 19th century, a 1999 film starring Guy Pearce & Robert Carlyle in which a cannibalistic officer commands an isolated army outpost ? Ravenous Answers A1 The liqueur Curaï¿½ao (say ï¿½Koor-a-sowï¿½) is traditionally flavoured with sugar & which fruit ? Orange B1 Which spirit takes its name from a place near Guadalajara (say ï¿½Gwadlaharaï¿½) where the conquistadors first developed it from a variety of Aztec drink ? Tequila A2 With a peculiar but agreeable taste, which coarse & potent liquor is made in the East Indies from a variety of sources, including fermented rice & coconut juice ? Arrack B2 Used to season food & fruit as well as alcoholic drinks, which flavouring is prepared with oil distilled from the aromatic bark of two S. American trees blended with herbs, and bears the former name of a port in Venezuela ? Angostura (now called Cuidad Bolivar) A3 Derived from a town in north east Hungary, what name is shared by a grape variety and a golden-yellow coloured, sweet, aromatic wine ? Tokay (from Tokaj) Subject: Wordgame ï¿½Noï¿½ as in ï¿½Noteï¿½ Answers ï¿½ a spout on a hose etc. from which a jet issues ? Nozzel ï¿½ a small round piece of meat or a chocolate made with hazelnuts ? Noisette ï¿½ something or someone absolutely un	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,085	Which American invented the Polaroid camera in 1947?	Polaroid introduces the instant camera, February 21, 1947 \| EDN Polaroid introduces the instant camera, February 21, 1947 PRINT PDF EMAIL Polaroid founder Edwin Land first demonstrated the instant camera on February 21, 1947 at a meeting of the Optical Society of America in New York City. The Land camera , as it was originally known, contained a roll of positive paper with a pod of developing chemicals at the top of each frame. Turning a knob forced the exposed negative and paper through rollers, which spread the reagents evenly between the two layers and pushed it out of the camera. A paper cutter trimmed the paper and after a minute the layers could be peeled apart to reveal the black-and-white photo. By 1948 the 4 lb. Polaroid Land Camera Model 95 was on sale at the Jordan Marsh department store in Boston for $89.75. It made more than $5 million in sales in the first year, and would be the prototype for Polaroid cameras for the next 15 years. The 1963 introduction of Polacolor film enabled the cameras to produce color pictures. Edwin Land was a prolific inventor known for his obsessive work habits who would later serve as an inspiration for Apple's Steve Jobs (see " What Steve Jobs Learned from Edwin Land of Polaroid "). He began experimenting with polarizing light after studying chemistry at Harvard for a year and invented the plastic sheet-light polarizer in 1929. He then co-founded Land-Wheelwright Laboratories in 1932, which became the Polaroid Corporation five years later. Over time, digital photography and printing lessened the appeal of instant cameras. In 2008, Polaroid announced it would stop making instant cameras, but it now sells digital cameras that print color photos, digital high-definition camcorders, and waterproof digital cameras. Also see:	What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was th - Pastebin.com In what country can one find 40 species of lemurs? A: Madagascar. RAW Paste Data What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was the first motor race held that was classed as Formula 1? 1950 In the wild west, how was Henry McCarty better known? Billy The Kid How many stories did each of the World Trade Towers have? 110 What is the name of the cafe in Coronation Street? Roy's Rolls According to the BBC how many rooms are there in Buckingham Palace? 775 What is the busiest single-runway airport in the world? London Gatwick By number of films made, which country has the largest film industry? India Who lit the Olympic flame at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics? Muhammad Ali On what day of the year is St George's day held? 23rd of April The scientific unit lumen is used in the measurement of what? Light Which Apollo moon mission was the first to carry a lunar rover vehicle? Apollo 15 Who wrote the Twilight series of novels? Stephenie Meyer What is the capital of India? New Delhi Who wrote the poem 'The Owl and the Pussycat'? Edward Lear Which country had a secret police force known as the Tonton Macoute? Haiti In which city is the European Parliament based? Strasbourg Gala, Jonagold and Pink Lady are varieties of which fruit? Apple Which organ of the body is affected by Bright's Disease? Kidney What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin? 373 K What was the 1st human invention that broke the sound barrier? The whip What name was given to the Samurai code of honour? Bushido What colour is the bullseye on a standard dartboard? Red What song does the main character wake up to every morning in Groundhog Day? I Got You Babe What is the only Central American country in which baseball, not soccer, is the people's favourite sport? Nicaragua What is the largest fresh water lake in North America? Lake Superior Which South American country was named after the Italian city of Venice? Venezuela How many rounds are there in an olympic boxing match? 4 The highest temperature ever recorded outside in the shade was recorded in Azizah, in Africa. In which country is this city located? Libya Which Hasbro `action figure` got its name from a Robert Mitchum film? G.I. Joe In which country is the highest mountain in South America? Argentina How many emirates make up the United Arab Emirates? 7 If you were putting numbers on new changing room lockers to be numbered from 1 to 100, how many times would you use the number 9? 20 Which famous group performed the first ever song on Top Of The Pops in 1964? The Rolling Stones Who wrote the novel Revolutionary Road, which was made into a successful feature film? Richard Yates Which supermodel is seen pole dancing in the White Stripes video for the song `I Just Don`t Know What To Do With Myself`? Kate Moss Which band has released albums titled `Word Gets Around`, `Just Enough Education To Perform` and `Pull The Pin`? Stereophonics In the Adrian Mole Diaries, what is the surname of his girlfriend? Braiwaithe Charlotte Edwards led England`s women to World Cup glory in which sport in March 2009? Cricket What is sake made from? Rice Affenpinscher, Keeshond and Leonberger are all types of what? Dog Who won the 2009 Rugby World Sevens Cup? Wales Who is the only player to win a Champion`s League medal, the Premiership and the FA Cup, and to be relegated from the Premiership without going on to play in the Championship? Kanu With which club did David Beckham make his football league debut? Preston North End Who is the host of the TV show Q.I.? Stephen Fry Anyone Can Fall In Love was a chart hit set to the theme tune of which TV show? EastEnders Who is the only character to appear in the first ever Coronation Street who is still in the show at 2009? Ken Barlow The film `Black Hawk Down` was loosely based on a true incident that took place in 1993 in which country? Somalia What word does the bird constantly repeat in Edgar Allan Poe`s classic poem `The Raven`? Nevermore In the board game `Risk`, what c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,086	The centre circle of a soccer pitch is used only at kick-offs/re-starts, and in which other game feature?	CityPagesKuwait July 2014 Issue by CityPages Kuwait (page 146) - issuu issuu Issuu on Google+ HOMEWORK FOR GROWN UPS EVERYTHING YOU LEARNED AT SCHOOL... BUT CAN YOU REMEMBER? Football Quiz 1.A soccer goal is what dimensions, yards wide and feet high: 8x7; 7x8; 8x8 or 9x8? 2.According to FIFA World Cup rules which flag must be displayed inside each match stadium besides those of FIFA/Fair Play, and the two competing nations? 3.Approximately how many million people play regular organized football in the world (at the early 2000s): 5; 25; 65; or 250? Test Your Vocabulary There is an immediate intervention to control the symptoms, followed by a plan of treatment to help restore strength and flexibility and to address any underlying deficits that might________ the patient to re-injury 1. predispose 4. assuage 4.The word soccer derives from: Sock; Association; Kosher; or Socrates? 6.The 2014 World Cup Finals allocated European and African teams respectively how many places: 3 and 9; 4 and 10; 5 and 13; or 6 and 15? 7.What city/club football rules, which spread widely in the late 1800s, introduced heading, corners, throw-ins, changing ends, and the goal crossbar: Sheffield; Paris; ANSWER: Predispose means to have a tendency toward something. Some people believe that just being born in Canada willpredispose you to love ice hockey. pressure; or Shin guards? Many situations or events can predispose you to have a particular reaction, opinion, or feeling. Being bitten by a dog as a child could predispose you to having a fear of dogs. Having ancestors with great athletic ability might predispose you to enjoy running. If you want to predispose your father to liking your new boyfriend, be sure to tell him about volunteering at the food bank and leave out the bits about his arrest and dropping out of school. drawing meant to be funny. 5.What is not required by the rules of soccer: Goal net; Penalty spot; Specified ball Milan; or Berlin? 8.FIFA's 2014 World Cup Finals/Qualifying rules dictate a match squad of how many players: 18; 23; 26; or 30? 9.In the 2010 World Cup Final, Jo'bulani was the: Winner's national anthem; Winning goalscorer; Ball; or Trumpet-like horn blown by fans? Choose the Right Symbol In a bicycle wheel if there would have been 10 more spokes, the angle between them would have shortened by six degrees. Can you find out the number of spokes in that wheel ? 10.The minimum rest-period between two games for any team at the 2014 World Cup is how many hours: 24; 36; 48; or 72? 11.Soccer rules award what after an 'own goal' directly from a throw-in: Goal; Penalty; Corner; or Drop-ball? 12.The headquarters of FIFA are in Brussels; London; Zurich, or Oslo? 13.Who has made the World Cup footballs since 1970: Adidas; Puma; Umbro; or Nike? 360/(S +10) = A - 6 14.The World Cup Qualifiying matches between El Salvador v Honduras in 1969 360/S = A coincided with what mutual event: Independence; Earthquake; Drought; or War? ANSWER: There are 20 spokes in the given wheel. 15.The first ever ÂŁ100,000 (or above) football transfer, in 1961, was: Bobby Moore; Pele; Dennis Law; or Eusebio? 16.A white ball was first used in a World Cup in: 1930; 1950; 1966; or 1982? 17.The centre circle of a soccer pitch is used only at kick-offs/re-starts, and in which other game feature? 18.Matthias Sammer, Ronaldo, Zinedine Zidane, Rivaldo, and Luis Figo won what between 1990-2002: European Cup; World Cup; Golden Boot; or European Footballer of the Year? JUMBLED WORDS P O N A R R A B O V C E L L O A 19.The first, second and third placed teams at the 2014 World Cup receive how 20.Soccer has been an Olympic event since: 1900; 1964; 1992; or 2002? ANSWERS: 1. 8x8, 2. United Nations, 3. 250 million, 4. Association, 5. Goal net, 6. 5 and 13, 7. Sheffield, 8. 23, 9. Ball, 10. 48, 11. Corner, 12. Zurich (Switzerland), 13. Adidas, 14. War, 15. Dennis Law (from Manchester City to Torino, for ÂŁ110,000, 1961), 16. 1950, 17. Penalty shoot-outs (all non-involved players must be within it when penalties are taken for penalty-shoot-outs in game deciders),	1. Which Newton-le- Willows singer has been nominated for an MTV award? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. Which Newton-le- Willows singer has been nominated for an MTV award? 2. Lenny Henry will star in which Shakespearean tragedy next year? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. Lenny Henry will star in which Shakespearean tragedy next year? 3. Will Young has been invited to take part in which panel show after saying he is a fan? 4. Nasty Nick Cotton is to return to which TV soap? 5. Which author earns £3m a week in royalties, it was revealed this week? 6. Which band release the album Dig Out Your Soul on Monday? 7. In which year was a World Cup final first decided on penalties? 8. What is the tallest and thickest kind of grass? 9. Which TV cast had a hit with Hi-Fidelity? 10. What nationality was the composer Handel? 11. What is most expensive property in the board game Monopoly? 12. Which Scandinavian group had a top 20 hit in 1993 called Dark Is The Night? 13. In which century was King Henry IV of England born? 14. Who directed the film Alien? 15. Who was the only person to win a medal for Ireland at the Sydney Olympics in 2000? 16. What did Nicholas Copernicus argue was at the centre of our universe, and what was the common belief before then? 17. Which three American states begin with the letter O? 18. In what year did Ruth Ellis become the last woman to be hanged in England? 19. Who was the first British monarch to choose Buckingham Palace as their home? 20. How many Jack’s eyes are visible in a standard pack of playing cards? 21. What is Britain’s largest lake? 22. Cameroon gained its independence from which European country in 1960? 23. Who had a number one in 1960 called Only The Lonely? 24. The 1964 film My Fair Lady was based on a play by whom? 25. Which of the Bronte sisters wrote the novels Agnes Gray and The Tenant Of Wildfell Hall? 26. Which American president once famously proclaimed: “Ich bin ein Berliner”? 27. Which element has the chemical symbol Pb? 28. What was the name of the murder victim at the beginning of the TV series Twin Peaks? 29. Who directed the 2001 film Mulholland Drive? 30. In horse racing, which three racecourses stage the five English classics? ANSWERS: 1. Rick Astley; 2. Othello; 3. Question Time; 4. Eastenders; 5. JK Rowling; 6. Oasis; 7. 1994; 8. Bamboo; 9. The Kids From Fame; 10. German; 11. Mayfair; 12. A-Ha; 13. 14th; 14. Ridley Scott; 15. Sonia O’Sullivan; 16. The Sun. Before then people believed it was the Earth; 17. Ohio, Oklahoma and Oregon; 18. 1955; 19. Queen Victoria; 20. 12; 21. Loch Lomond; 22. France; 23. Roy Orbison; 24. George Bernard Shaw; 25. Anne; 26. John F. Kennedy; 27. Lead; 28. Laura Palmer; 29. David Lynch; 30. Doncaster, Epsom, Newmarket Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,087	What is the tympanic membrane better known as?	Tympanic Membrane Pictures, Function & Anatomy \| Body Maps Your message has been sent. OK We're sorry, an error occurred. We are unable to collect your feedback at this time. However, your feedback is important to us. Please try again later. Close Tympanic membrane The tympanic membrane is a vital component of the human ear, and is more commonly known as the eardrum. It is a thin, circular layer of tissue that marks the point between the middle ear and the external ear. It is approximately 0.1 mm thick, 8 to 10 mm in diameter, and has a mass weight of around 14 mg. Despite this diminutive size and mass, the tympanic membrane is extremely tough and flexible, and difficult to damage beyond repair. The tympanic membrane is comprised of three layers of tissue: the outer cutaneous layer, the fibrous middle layer, and a layer of mucous membrane on its innermost surface. The membrane is held in place by a thick ring of cartilage, a tough but flexible kind of tissue. The tympanic membrane's function is to assist in human hearing. When sound waves enter the ear, they strike the tympanic membrane. The membrane vibrates with the force of the sound wave strike and transmits the vibrations further in, to the bones of the middle ear. Patients with ruptured or absent tympanic membranes have extreme difficulty in hearing, and possibly even complete hearing loss.	Zahn Family Jeopardy Jeopardy Template The brand of underwear Marty McFly wears in Back to the Future 200 What is The Boston Tea Party This took place on Griffin's Wharf in America in 1773. 300 How many of the United States Supreme Court Justices are women? 300 Who is Lord Alfred Tennyson? He wrote the famous 1855 poem The Charge of the Light Brigade 300 What is Pi Math whiz Ferdinand von Lindemann determined this mathematical symbol to be a transcendental number in 1882. 300 Alfred Hitchcock used this to portray blood in the shower scene of Psycho 300 Who is Rosie the Riveter Norman Rockwell's illustration of this US iconic World War II heroine appeared on the cover of the Saturday Evening Post in May 1943 400 What is The Wounded Warrior Project? This charity for veterans has recently been under fire for blowing millions of dollars in donation money on spoils for its staff. 400 This famous 1818 novel had the sub-title 'The Modern Prometheus' 400 What is a conjunction? The part of speech that the word "but" plays in the following sentence: Sam wants to play Xbox, but he hasn't gotten his reading done yet. 400 The date of Harry Potter's birthday 400 Who is Spiro Agnew In October 1973, he resigned as Vice President of the US, and then pleaded no contest to the charges of income tax evasion in a federal court in Baltimore 500 Both Turkish and NATO radars detected a jet from this country violating Turkish airspace 500 He wrote the 1513 guide to leadership (titled in English) The Prince 500 Light reactions, and the Calvin cycle are the two stages of this. 500 The only non Jedi in the original Star Wars trilogy to use a lightsaber 500	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,088	Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars?	Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? View the step-by-step solution to: Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? This question was answered on Jun 04, 2016. View the Answer Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? AldenAgosto posted a question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:42am Top Answer Here's the explanation you needed for... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914844) ]} Prof.Rancho answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:43am Other Answers The answer to this question... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914848) ]} {[ getNetScore(29914849) ]} Kid_Flower_Stork15 answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:44am he would be Dwight Eisenhower . After graduating from West Point in 1915,... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914888) ]} What does this mean " Chinese restaurants started as a service for the bachelor communities of Chinese immigrants in isolated ranches, logging camps, mining Recently Asked Questions Need a World History tutor? jood.amc 4 World History experts found online! Average reply time is less than an hour Get Homework Help Why Join Course Hero? Course Hero has all the homework and study help you need to succeed! We’ve got course-specific notes, study guides, and practice tests along with expert tutors and customizable flashcards—available anywhere, anytime. - - Study Documents Find the best study resources around, tagged to your specific courses. Share your own to gain free Course Hero access or to earn money with our Marketplace. - Question & Answers Get one-on-one homework help from our expert tutors—available online 24/7. Ask your own questions or browse existing Q&A threads. Satisfaction guaranteed! - Flashcards Browse existing sets or create your own using our digital flashcard system. A simple yet effective studying tool to help you earn the grade that you want!	Dwight D. Eisenhower - U.S. Presidents - HISTORY.com Dwight D. Eisenhower A+E Networks Introduction As supreme commander of Allied forces in Western Europe during World War II, Dwight D. Eisenhower led the massive invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe that began on D-Day (June 6, 1944). In 1952, leading Republicans convinced Eisenhower (then in command of NATO forces in Europe) to run for president; he won a convincing victory over Democrat Adlai Stevenson and would serve two terms in the White House (1953-1961). During his presidency, Eisenhower managed Cold War-era tensions with the Soviet Union under the looming threat of nuclear weapons, ended the war in Korea in 1953 and authorized a number of covert anti-communist operations by the CIA around the world. On the home front, where America was enjoying a period of relative prosperity, Eisenhower strengthened Social Security, created the massive new Interstate Highway System and maneuvered behind the scenes to discredit the rabid anti-Communist Senator Joseph McCarthy. Though popular throughout his administration, he faltered in the protection of civil rights for African Americans by failing to fully enforce the Supreme Court’s mandate for the desegregation of schools in Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Google Eisenhower’s Early Life and Military Career Born in Denison, Texas , on October 14, 1890, Dwight David Eisenhower grew up in Abilene, Kansas , as the third of seven sons in a poor family. To the distress of his mother, a devout Mennonite and pacifist, young Ike (as he was known) won an appointment to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York , and graduated in the middle of his class in 1915. While stationed as a second lieutenant in San Antonio, Texas, Eisenhower met Mamie Geneva Doud. The couple married in 1916 and had two sons, Doud Dwight (who died of scarlet fever as a small child) and John. Did You Know? At the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, General Eisenhower was among those who opposed the use of the atomic bomb against the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He argued that Japan was on the verge of surrender already, and that being the first to use such a fearsome new weapon would damage U.S. prestige in the international community just as it had reached its highest point. World War I ended just before Eisenhower was scheduled to go to Europe, frustrating the young officer, but he soon managed to gain an appointment to the Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Graduating first in his class of 245, he served as a military aide to General John J. Pershing , commander of U.S. forces during World War I, and later to General Douglas MacArthur , U.S. Army chief of staff. During his seven years serving under MacArthur, Eisenhower was stationed in the Philippines from 1935 to 1939. Eisenhower in World War II Eisenhower returned soon after Nazi Germany’s invasion of Poland sparked the outbreak of World War II in Europe. In September 1941, he received his first general’s star with a promotion to brigadier general. After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor that December, U.S. Army Chief of Staff General George C. Marshall called Eisenhower to Washington , D.C. to work as a planning officer. Beginning in November 1942, Eisenhower headed Operation Torch, the successful Allied invasion of North Africa. He then directed the amphibious invasion of Sicily and the Italian mainland in 1943 that led to the fall of Rome in June 1944. Made a full general in early 1943, Eisenhower was appointed supreme commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in December of that year and given the responsibility of spearheading the planned Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe. On D-Day (June 6, 1944), more than 150,000 Allied forces crossed the English Channel and stormed the beaches of Normandy; the invasion led to the liberation of Paris on August 25 and turned the tide of the war in Europe decisively in the Allied direction. Having risen from lieutenant colonel in the Philippines to supreme commander of the victorious forces in Europe in only five years,	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,089	Who played Captain Renault in the film Casablanca?	Casablanca (1942) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC In Casablanca, Morocco in December 1941, a cynical American expatriate meets a former lover, with unforeseen complications. Director: a list of 21 titles created 18 Sep 2012 a list of 28 titles created 05 Feb 2013 a list of 32 titles created 03 Mar 2013 a list of 27 titles created 4 months ago a list of 49 titles created 1 month ago Search for " Casablanca " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 3 Oscars. Another 4 wins & 8 nominations. See more awards » Videos Following the death of a publishing tycoon, news reporters scramble to discover the meaning of his final utterance. Director: Orson Welles A Phoenix secretary embezzles $40,000 from her employer's client, goes on the run, and checks into a remote motel run by a young man under the domination of his mother. Director: Alfred Hitchcock A wheelchair-bound photographer spies on his neighbours from his apartment window and becomes convinced one of them has committed murder. Director: Alfred Hitchcock A hapless New York advertising executive is mistaken for a government agent by a group of foreign spies, and is pursued across the country while he looks for a way to survive. Director: Alfred Hitchcock A criminal pleads insanity after getting into trouble again and once in the mental institution rebels against the oppressive nurse and rallies up the scared patients. Director: Milos Forman A San Francisco detective suffering from acrophobia investigates the strange activities of an old friend's wife, all the while becoming dangerously obsessed with her. Director: Alfred Hitchcock Directors: Victor Fleming, George Cukor, and 1 more credit » Stars: Clark Gable, Vivien Leigh, Thomas Mitchell A jury holdout attempts to prevent a miscarriage of justice by forcing his colleagues to reconsider the evidence. Director: Sidney Lumet When an open-minded Jewish librarian and his son become victims of the Holocaust, he uses a perfect mixture of will, humor and imagination to protect his son from the dangers around their camp. Director: Roberto Benigni An insane general triggers a path to nuclear holocaust that a war room full of politicians and generals frantically try to stop. Director: Stanley Kubrick A hack screenwriter writes a screenplay for a former silent-film star who has faded into Hollywood obscurity. Director: Billy Wilder A bounty hunting scam joins two men in an uneasy alliance against a third in a race to find a fortune in gold buried in a remote cemetery. Director: Sergio Leone Edit Storyline In World War II Casablanca, Rick Blaine, exiled American and former freedom fighter, runs the most popular nightspot in town. The cynical lone wolf Blaine comes into the possession of two valuable letters of transit. When Nazi Major Strasser arrives in Casablanca, the sycophantic police Captain Renault does what he can to please him, including detaining a Czechoslovak underground leader Victor Laszlo. Much to Rick's surprise, Lazslo arrives with Ilsa, Rick's one time love. Rick is very bitter towards Ilsa, who ran out on him in Paris, but when he learns she had good reason to, they plan to run off together again using the letters of transit. Well, that was their original plan.... Written by Gary Jackson <garyjack5@cogeco.ca> See All (148) » Taglines: As big and timely a picture as ever you've seen! You can tell by the cast it's important! gripping! big! See more » Genres: Rated PG for mild violence \| See all certifications » Parents Guide: 23 January 1943 (USA) See more » Also Known As: Everybody Comes to Rick's See more » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia The French dialogue between Yvonne and the French officer translates as: French Off	Users say Time Out says Why did I have to marry a sentimentalist?’ Daphna (Ayelet Zurer) indulgently moans at the husband (Eric Bana) who has dashed across a continent to her bedside for their firstborn’s arrival. It’s an odd question to hear in a Spielberg film, and an even odder context given the apparently compulsive idolatry of the family that runs through his films. Yet in ‘Munich’ he acknowledges that the defence of the family and home can yield destruction, perhaps evil. Following Palestinian terrorists’ massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics, Bana’s Avner is recruited to head up a Mossad assassination squad (including Ciaran Hinds, Daniel Craig and Mathieu Kassovitz) targeting those deemed responsible. But as they kill their way around Europe in a series of meticulously executed set-pieces, he begins to question whether such retribution can really promote catharsis, let alone peace. The unobjectionable moral – violence begets violence – is illustrated by ‘geddit?’ dramatic ironies (hunter becomes hunted) and gross violence (one target’s limbs are left dangling from hotel furnishings); if the squad ape the terrorists’ unaccountability and invisibility, Spielberg recognises the appeal of homicidal spectaculars. The idea of Munich as the dawn of media terrorism plays into the intriguing, ambiguous context in which the film locates its action. It posits the siege and Israel’s response (personified in Lynn Cohen’s steely Golda Meir) as a geopolitical bridge between Holocaust and jihad while giving space to a young Palestinian’s insistence that ‘home is everything’ and that the struggle will continue through children yet unborn – a motif mirrored in Avner’s own family life. Who could have expected Spielberg, of all directors, to twin the reproductive cycle with the cycle of violence? Posted:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,090	An isotherm is a line denoting equal what?	Isotherm \| Define Isotherm at Dictionary.com isotherm Meteorology. a line on a weather map or chart connecting points having equal temperature. 2. Also called isothermal line. Physics. a curve on which every point represents the same temperature. Origin of isotherm 1855-60; back formation from isothermal Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for isotherm Expand Historical Examples This is shown by the isotherm for -4.5, which surrounds the point Q, the melting point of the ternary salt. Butterflies Worth Knowing Clarence M. Weed On a second blank weather map draw an isotherm through your station inclined from northwest to southeast. British Dictionary definitions for isotherm Expand a line on a map linking places of equal temperature 2. (physics) a curve on a graph that connects points of equal temperature Also called isothermal, isothermal line Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for isotherm Expand 1860, from French isotherme (Humboldt, 1817), from Greek iso- (see iso- ) + therme "heat" (see thermal ). Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper	"Masterminds" - Manchester Evening News, November 7, 2015 \| Online Research Library: Questia Read preview Article excerpt 1. Playboy Russia covergirl Maria Kozhevnikova, boxer Nikolai Valuyev, and tennis player Marat Safin shared which honour in December 2011? 2. What William S Burroughs 1961 book popularised the rock music term 'heavy metal', and provided the names for at least two rock bands of the 1970s? 3. What main religion celebrates festivals including Nuakhai, Yatra (or Zatra/Jatra), Pongal, Holi and Shigmo? 4. Which country experienced the Velvet Revolution in Nov-Dec 1989? 5. According to the UK General Teaching Council how many of the 28,000 newly qualified teachers in 2010 had a computerrelated degree: 3; 30; 300 or 3,000? 6. Spell the word: Remanisence; Reminissense; Remeniscence; or Reminiscence? 7. What ancient Sanskrit word loosely meaning 'region' commonly now refers to people (and culture, products, etc) of Indian sub-continent origins? 8. Whom did Forbes Magazine list as the most powerful woman in the Southern Hemisphere in 2011? 9. Unrelated, what is a set of slats and a museum? 10. What ship, whose name means thunderbolt, was Nelson's flagship 1799-1801, and later a training ship for boys? 26 11. The Showa period of Japan coincided with what Emperor's reign? 12. Michael Morpurgo, author of the children's book War Horse, on In state Luther which the 2012 Spielberg film (of the same name) is based, held what UK position from 2003-5? 13. What fashionable Mediterranean resort hosted the G20 international economics conference at the height of the Greek Euro membership crisis? 27 14. How many cubic metres is the space in a room four metres square and three metres high? 15. Which politician bowled faster than Dennis Lillee and Andy Roberts? 16. What element is also known as hydrargyrum? David shows around 17. Whose father wrote and sang the popular Secret Lemonade Drinker song in the award-winning British 1970s-80s R Whites Lemonade TV advert ? … Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details Newspapers Encyclopedia Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,091	Where was gridiron football developed?	Who invented football? - Ask History Ask History September 25, 2013 By History.com Staff Share The University of Detroit Stadium hosted the first broadcasted Thanksgiving Day football game in 1934, pitting the Detroit Lions against the Chicago Bears and sparking a new tradition. Share this: Google The sport we in the United States know as football is more properly called gridiron football, for the vertical yard lines that mark the field. Closely related to two English sports—rugby and soccer (or association football)—gridiron football originated at universities in North America, primarily the United States, in the late 19th century. On November 6, 1869, players from Princeton and Rutgers held the first intercollegiate football contest in New Brunswick, New Jersey, playing a soccer-style game with rules adapted from the London Football Association. While a number of other elite Northeastern colleges took up the sport in the 1870s, Harvard University maintained its distance by sticking to a rugby-soccer hybrid called the “Boston Game.” In May 1874, after a match against McGill University of Montreal, the Harvard players decided they preferred McGill’s rugby-style rules to their own. In 1875, Harvard and Yale played their first intercollegiate match, and Yale players and spectators (including Princeton students) embraced the rugby style as well. The man most responsible for the transition from this rugby-like game to the sport of football we know today was Walter Camp, known as the “Father of American Football.” As a Yale undergraduate and medical student from 1876 to 1881, he played halfback and served as team captain, equivalent to head coach at the time. Even more importantly, he was the guiding force on the rules board of the newly formed Intercollegiate Football Association (IFA). Thanks to Camp, the IFA made two key innovations to the fledgling game: It did away with the opening “scrummage” or “scrum” and introduced the requirement that a team give up the ball after failing to move down the field a specified yardage in a certain number of “downs.” Among the other innovations Camp introduced were the 11-man team, the quarterback position, the line of scrimmage, offensive signal-calling and the scoring scale used in football today. In addition to his work with the rules board, Camp coached the Yale team to a 67-2 record from 1888 to 1892—all while working as an executive at a watch-manufacturing firm. Tags	Account Suspended Account Suspended This Account has been suspended. Contact your hosting provider for more information.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,092	Who was the British engineer who designed the first television system suitable for broadcast transmission in 1939?	History of Television - Mitchell Stephens History of Television Article by Mitchell Stephens Few inventions have had as much effect on contemporary American society as television. Before 1947 the number of U.S. homes with television sets could be measured in the thousands. By the late 1990s, 98 percent of U.S. homes had at least one television set, and those sets were on for an average of more than seven hours a day. The typical American spends (depending on the survey and the time of year) from two-and-a-half to almost five hours a day watching television. It is significant not only that this time is being spent with television but that it is not being spent engaging in other activities, such as reading or going out or socializing. EXPERIMENTS Electronic television was first successfully demonstrated in San Francisco on Sept. 7, 1927. The system was designed by Philo Taylor Farnsworth, a 21-year-old inventor who had lived in a house without electricity until he was 14. While still in high school, Farnsworth had begun to conceive of a system that could capture moving images in a form that could be coded onto radio waves and then transformed back into a picture on a screen. Boris Rosing in Russia had conducted some crude experiments in transmitting images 16 years before Farnsworth's first success. Also, a mechanical television system, which scanned images using a rotating disk with holes arranged in a spiral pattern, had been demonstrated by John Logie Baird in England and Charles Francis Jenkins in the United States earlier in the 1920s. However, Farnsworth's invention, which scanned images with a beam of electrons, is the direct ancestor of modern television. The first image he transmitted on it was a simple line. Soon he aimed his primitive camera at a dollar sign because an investor had asked, "When are we going to see some dollars in this thing, Farnsworth?" EARLY DEVELOPMENT RCA, the company that dominated the radio business in the United States with its two NBC networks, invested $50 million in the development of electronic television. To direct the effort, the company's president, David Sarnoff, hired the Russian-born scientist Vladimir Kosma Zworykin, who had participated in Rosing's experiments. In 1939, RCA televised the opening of the New York World's Fair, including a speech by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who was the first president to appear on television. Later that year RCA paid for a license to use Farnsworth's television patents. RCA began selling television sets with 5 by 12 in (12.7 by 25.4 cm) picture tubes. The company also began broadcasting regular programs, including scenes captured by a mobile unit and, on May 17, 1939, the first televised baseball gameÑbetween Princeton and Columbia universities. By 1941 the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), RCA's main competition in radio, was broadcasting two 15-minute newscasts a day to a tiny audience on its New York television station. Early television was quite primitive. All the action at that first televised baseball game had to be captured by a single camera, and the limitations of early cameras forced actors in dramas to work under impossibly hot lights, wearing black lipstick and green makeup (the cameras had trouble with the color white). The early newscasts on CBS were "chalk talks," with a newsman moving a pointer across a map of Europe, then consumed by war. The poor quality of the picture made it difficult to make out the newsman, let alone the map. World War II slowed the development of television, as companies like RCA turned their attention to military production. Television's progress was further slowed by a struggle over wavelength allocations with the new FM radio and a battle over government regulation. The Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) 1941 ruling that the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) had to sell one of its two radio networks was upheld by the Supreme Court in 194	UK TELEPHONE HISTORY UK TELEPHONE HISTORY For BPO Telephone history - click here 1875 Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) of Salem, Massachusetts, USA constructed his first experimental telephone in Boston. Thomas A Watson (1854-1934) assisted Bell in his experiments. Bell was a Scot by birth, and had been born at 16 South Charlotte Street, Edinburgh, UK on 3 March 1847. The Bell family emigrated to Brantford, Ontario, Canada, in 1870 following the deaths of Graham's two brothers from tuberculosis. From here Bell moved to Boston in the United States in 1872 to take up an appointment as a teacher of the deaf. He had inherited an interest in the training of deaf children from his father, Alexander Melville Bell, who had been a teacher of elocution at Edinburgh. Graham Bell's vocation led him to investigate the artificial reproduction of vowel sounds, resulting in a study of electricity and magnetism, and ultimately the development of the telephone. 1876 On 14 February an application was filed in America for a patent for Bell's apparatus for transmitting vocal sounds. Within hours, Elisha Gray of Chicago (1835-1901), a superintendent of the Western Union Telegraph Company, filed a similar application. Bell was granted his patent on 7 March, before Gray. On 10 March Bell reputedly spoke to his assistant Thomas Watson the first recognisable words ever transmitted by telephone, "Mr Watson, come here, I want you". This first articulate sentence was transmitted over 100 feet of wire. Sir William Thompson (later Lord Kelvin) exhibited Bell's telephone to the British Association for the Advancement of Science at Glasgow in September. He described it as "the greatest by far of all the marvels of the electric telegraph". 1877 In July, Mr W H Preece (1834-1913), who later became Sir William Preece, FRS and Engineer-in-Chief of the Post Office, brought to this country the first pair of practical telephones seen in Great Britain. Later in the same year Bell's perfected type of telephone was exhibited at a meeting of the British Association in Plymouth. Also in July, Bell and his financial backers - Thomas Sanders and Gardiner G Hubbard - formed the Bell Telephone Company in the United States. The early demand for the telephone had not been great and prior to forming their company Bell and his partners had struggled in their attempts to promote the new invention. At one point they even offered to sell the Bell patents to the Western Union Telegraph Company - Elisha Gray's employers - for $100,000. At this time the telephone was not seen as a serious rival to the well-established telegraph and the offer was refused. However, following the formation of the Bell Telephone Company, Western Union realised that their telegraph machines were being replaced by Bell's telephones and promptly formed the American Speaking Telephone Company to compete with Bell. The new company employed Thomas A Edison, Elisha Gray and Amos F Dolbear, three leading electrical inventors. 1878 Bell demonstrated the telephone to Queen Victoria on 14 January at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight with calls to London, Cowes and Southampton. These were the first long-distance calls in the UK. The Telephone Company Ltd (Bell's Patents) was formed to market Bell's patent telephones in Great Britain. The company was registered on 14 June with a capital of �100,000. Its premises were at 36 Coleman Street. It had a capacity for 150 lines and opened with 7 or 8 subscribers. One of the first telephone lines to be erected in the vicinity of London was from Hay's Wharf, south of the Thames, to Hay's Wharf Office on the north bank. Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) of Milan, Ohio, patented in America a carbon telephone transmitter invented the previous year - a great improvement on Bell's telephone transmitter which worked by means of magnetic current. The first trial of long-distance telephony in Great Britain as a commercial proposition was held on 1 November with a call between Cannon Street in London, and Norwich - a distance of 115 miles - using an Edison transmitter on a telegr	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,093	Which Moscow building once housed the headquarters of the KGB and a notorious prison?	KGB Lubyanka Headquarters - Russia / Soviet Intelligence Agencies FAS \| Intelligence \| World Agencies \| Russia \| KGB \|\|\|\|\| Index \| Search \| Lubyanka KGB Headquarters Lubyanka Square in downtown Moscow is the site of the site of the Lubyanka head-quarters of the KGB. KGB directors from Lavrentiya Beriya to Yuriy Andropov had their office on the third floor of the building. The center of the square was dominated centre by a statue of Felix Dzerzhinsky, founder of the first communist secret police, the Cheka. Like many others, the statue was removed in August 1991. The Lubyanka actually consists of three buildings. The main yellow building, which is often shown on television, predates the Revolution and was taken over by the Bolsheviks in 1918. Containing the Lubyanka prison, this building is now the headquarters of the Border Troops, and it also contains a single Federal Security Service (FSB) Directorate. The Federal Security Service headquarters building is the gray one to left side, No. 1/3. whose construction began under Andropov and was finished under Chebrikov. Since 1984 (when KGB chief Yuri Andropov became chairman of the Communist Party and decided to improve the KGB's public image) tourists have been able to visit a KGB museum in a gray stone building behind the Lubyanka. The upper floors are KGB offices, but the ground floors are used for conferences and a clubroom for retired KGB offices, featuring a disco, among other things. And since the Soviet collapse in 1991, Russia's intelligence agencies have tried to create an impression of openness, giving guided tours through the yellow Lubyanka. The new KGB Museum, which is open to the public, is housed in the Lubyanka building. Across the square from the Lubyanka is Dyetsky Mir (Children�s World), the largest children�s shop in the country.	History of St. Petersburg under Vladimir Lenin St. Petersburg (Petrograd) under Lenin: The Civil War and its aftermath St. Petersburg (Petrograd) under Lenin: The Civil War and its aftermath (1918-1924) Lenin may have become the ruler of Russia and Petrograd the first socialist capital, but a successful revolution here did not mean that the rest of the country had obediently followed suit. There were still vast territories that did not recognize Bolshevik rule. Although Lenin quickly negotiated a devastating separate peace with Germany which resulted in the loss of enormous tracts of land, the country itself erupted into brutal Civil War as Tsarist forces clashed with Red Guards. In this perilous situation, Russia's capital was, after a two hundred year interlude on the Neva, returned to Moscow, a greater distance from the insecure border, in March 1918. Parade of delegates across the Field of Mars to a session of the Second Congress of the Comintern. Petrograd, 19 July 1919 Petrograd experienced mass exodus. The government bureaucracy with its attendant hordes of ministers, clerks, and military personnel relocated to Moscow, able-bodied men were embroiled in the Civil War, and civilians absconded to the countryside where food was easier to procure. Likewise, the wealthy and aristocratic, a targeted class under the new regime of workers and peasants, fled to safer grounds. Vladimir Nabokov, who had spent his childhood in a luxurious mansion within the shadow of St. Isaac's Cathedral, escaped on the last ship out of Sebastopol. Rasputin's aristocratic murderer Felix Yusupov - jewels and two Rembrandts in hand - was part of the royal entourage that crammed onto a warship in Yalta, kindly provided by the British for the Tsar's mother. Those who remained often ended up corpses: four Grand Dukes, including the Tsar's uncle, were shot in the Peter and Paul Fortress in 1918. As a result of this turmoil, in four years the population of the city was reduced by more than two-thirds, sinking from 2,400,000 in 1916 to 740,000 in 1920. Vladimir Lenin presents a report on the international situation at a session of the Second Congress of the Comintern. Petrograd, 19 July 1919 Photo by Karl Bulla Meanwhile, the battle for political education was also under way. Geographical signposts were used to educate the populace in the ideas and ideals of the new regime and to eliminate associations with St. Petersburg's imperial and religious past. As it was clearly impossible for a self-respecting socialist city to have one of its main waterways named in honour of Catherine the Great, the Ekaterinsky Canal was renamed Canal Griboedova in 1923, after the nineteenth century aristocratic author and diplomat who Soviet historians rather improbably deemed an honorary Marxist. Gathering of workers from the Putilovskiy Factory for elections to the Petrograd Soviet Street names with religious overtones were likewise deemed inappropriate by the atheistic government. Thus, the square in front of the Moscow Railway Station, previously called Znamenskaya Ploshchad after the nearby Church of Our Lady of the Sign (Znamenskaya Tserkov ), was renamed Ploshchad Vosstaniya ("Uprising Square") to commemorate the numerous revolutionary protests that had occurred here (the church itself was torn down in 1940, a fate which befell many churches throughout the land). In 1918, the city's grand central avenue, Nevsky Prospekt, was rechristened Ulitsa Proletkulta after the Organization of Proletarian Culture and Enlightenment, a short-lived experimental artistic institution (the Soviet passion for snappy portmanteau abbreviations quickly came to dominate not only the official language of the era, but also the toponymy of Russia's cities). In the same year, the Winter Palace, former residence of the Tsars, was renamed Palace of the Arts, and Palace Square became Ploshchad Uritskogo ("Uritsky Square"). A trampled star on Palace Square But who was Uritsky? The story of this man is telling for the times. A Bolshevik revolutionary, Moisey Uritsky became head of the Petrograd	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,094	In which James Bond film does he drive an invisible car?	List of vehicles \| James Bond Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia American Motors AMC Hornet - Featured in The Man with the Golden Gun . Bond steals this car in Thailand , unknowing that Sheriff J.W. Pepper was in it looking to test drive it. It was used for the famous corkscrew jump, a computer-designed stunt that was captured in one take. AMC Matador - Featured in The Man with the Golden Gun. Francisco Scaramanga and Nick Nack use this car to kidnap Mary Goodnight and make their escape. The vehicle is converted into a 'car plane'; see Aircraft section below. Other passenger cars Sunbeam Alpine roadster - Featured in Dr. No . Bond drives to Miss Taro's home in the Blue Mountains; he is pursued by Dr. No's thugs driving a LaSalle hearse. In the novel version, Bond drives the car that formerly belonged to Commander Strangways, the murdered agent in Kingston. It is also driven by Quarrel . Toyota 2000GT convertible - Featured in You Only Live Twice . Owned by Aki . Two prototype convertibles were built especially for the film; no others were made. One 2000GT convertible was located in South Africa awaiting restoration into the Cars for the Stars museum. Triumph Stag - In Diamonds Are Forever , Connery is seen early in the movie driving a yellow Stag to Amsterdam, while posing as diamond smuggler Peter Franks . Studillac - Featured in the novel Diamonds Are Forever. A custom black Studebaker convertible with a Cadillac engine, plus special transmission, brakes and rear axle, owned by Felix Leiter . The combination of the aerodynamic Raymond Loewy designed body with the powerful Cadillac engine made it into a remarkable sports car. Studillacs were not fictional, but actually built by a Long Island, NY company called Bill Frick Motors from 1953 Studebaker Starlight bodies. Mini Moke - Featured briefly in Live and Let Die and later in The Spy Who Loved Me. In Live and Let Die, Bond and Rosie use this vehicle to drive to the harbour to meet Quarrel Jr. In The Spy Who Loved Me , the crew of the Liparus supertanker use a Mini Moke in their defence against a break out by the submarine crews. 1971 Cadillac Fleetwood - Featured in Live and Let Die. When Bond spots the white Superfly-esque pimpmobile (a Les Dunham Corvorado - a Chevrolet Corvette with Cadillac Eldorado body panels), Mr. Big, Solitaire , and Tee Hee leave their secret facility where a voodoo shop is actually one of Dr. Kananga's hideouts. The Cadillac is later seen outside a Fillet of Soul restaurant alongside a Dunham-converted Cadillac Eldorado coupe. Citroën 2CV - Featured in For Your Eyes Only . A tiny but seemingly indestructible (rental) car belonging to Melina Havelock that Bond uses to make a "fast" getaway after Melina assassinates Hector Gonzales , who murdered her parents. The car used in the movie was allegedly fitted with a Citroën GS 4-cylinder boxer engine (in place of the standard 2-cylinder boxer), to make it able to outrun the two Peugeot 504s in pursuit. Alfa Romeo GTV6 - Featured in Octopussy . After falling from Octopussy 's train and hitching a lift in a Volkswagen Beetle, Bond steals this car to make the last stage of his journey to the US Air Force Base. West German police BMW 5 Series pursue Bond after his theft of the vehicle. Interestingly, sharp eyes will spot that this is a GTV 6 Quadrifoglio, the highest specification Alfa Romeo available, and widely considered the finest of these cars, as well as the fastest. Bajaj RE taxi - Featured in Octopussy. Two of these basic auto rickshaws are used in a chase sequence through the streets of Udaipur - Bond and fellow MI6 agent Vijay being in one, with Gobinda and his henchmen in the pursuing vehicle. It is insinuated that the auto-wallah driven by Vijay has been modified by MI6 as the tone of the engine becomes more like a motorcycle and Vijay performs a wheelie, exclaiming "This is a company car!" Mercedes 250SE - Featured in Octopussy. Bond commandeers this Soviet Army staff car to pursue Octopussy's train. When the tires are shredded by a spikestrip, Bond turns onto the railway line and drives the c	James Bond 24: What is Spectre and who is Blofeld? - Telegraph James Bond James Bond 24: What is Spectre and who is Blofeld? Bond 24's title has been revealed as Spectre, but what's the story behind the name? And will its leader, Ernst Stavro Blofeld, appear in the new film? Follow So the wait is over: it’s been announced that the 24th James Bond film will be called Spectre. Which means a return to the screen for the fictional terrorist organisation that featured in both the James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, and the films adapted from them. What does Spectre stand for? Spectre is an acronym for SPecial Executive for Counter-intelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion. The organisation made its first appearance in Fleming's 1961 novel Thunderball, and on screen in the first Bond film, Dr No (1962). Who are the members of Spectre? A heady mix of nasties, beginning with suave, metal-handed scientist Dr Julius No (Joseph Wiseman), followed by the eyepatch-wearing Emilio Largo (Adolfo Celi) in Thunderball. Rosa Klebb (Lotte Lenya), famous for her bladed shoes in From Russia With Love, was Number 3 in the organisation (having defected from Smersh), and the sinister Mr Wint (Bruce Glover) and Mr Kidd (Putter Smith), who tried to cremate Bond in Diamonds Are Forever, were also henchmen of the gang. But most famous of all is Spectre's Number 1: Ernst Stavro Blofeld. Related Articles 12 Feb 2015 Who is Blofeld? The ultimate super-villain, his heart set on world domination, Blofeld appeared in three Bond novels (Thunderball, On Her Majesty's Secret Service and You Only Live Twice) and seven Bond films (From Russia with Love, Thunderball, You Only Live Twice, On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Diamonds Are Forever, For Your Eyes Only and Never Say Never Again). With his Nehru-collared suit and white Turkish angora cat, he is one of the most recognisable of the Bond characters, and has been parodied in everything from Danger Mouse to Austin Powers, where he was the main inspiration for Mike Myers's Dr Evil. His name was inspired by a boy Ian Fleming was at Eton with, Thomas Blofeld – father of the cricket commentator Henry "Blowers" Blofeld. What does Blofeld look like? Blofeld is a man of many guises. In From Russia With Love and Thunderball his face was never seen. In those films his body (only glimpsed below the neck) was that of Anthony Dawson (who also appeared in Dial M For Murder, and later popped up in 1967 Italian Bond spoof OK Connery) and his voice was supplied by the Viennese actor Eric Pohlmann. In the Bond books, Fleming had Blofeld undergo plastic surgery to maintain his anonymity. This helps to make sense of the fact that Blofeld has been played by a series of different actors: Donald Pleasence (You Only Live Twice; bald, with a scar across his eye); Telly Savalas (On Her Majesty’s Secret Service; bald, no earlobes); Charles Gray (Diamonds Are Forever; grey-haired, earlobes restored); John Hollis (For Your Eyes Only; wheelchair-bound and never referred to by name because of copyright disputes over Thunderball); and Max von Sydow (grey-haired, bearded) in 1983’s Never Say Never Again. Will Blofeld make an appearance in the new film? Ostensibly, the answer is no; the role was not mentioned at the Bond 24 press conference. But remember that Blofeld is a master of disguise, and consider the character to be played by Christoph Waltz. The two-time Oscar-winner will play Franz Oberhauser, son of Hannes Oberhauser, the Austrian climbing and skiing instructor who taught Bond when 007 was a boy. Rumour has it that Franz will turn into Blofeld – and thus Waltz will become the fifth (credited) actor to play the villain. Spectre is released on October 23 2015 in the UK and November 6 2015 in the US Spectre unveiling: new James Bond film cast revealed Start your free 30 day Amazon Prime trial»	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,095	What type of creature is a bleak?	Show the Monster - The New Yorker Show the Monster Guillermo del Toro’s quest to get amazing creatures onscreen. By Daniel Zalewski Del Toro, whose films include “Hellboy” and “Pan’s Labyrinth,” has amassed in a house outside Los Angeles an enormous collection of horror iconography. “All this stuff feeds you back,” he says.CreditPhotograph by JOSEF ASTOR In 1926, Forrest Ackerman, a nine-year-old misfit in Los Angeles, visited a newsstand and bought a copy of Amazing Stories—a new magazine about aliens, monsters, and other oddities. By the time he reached the final page, he had become America’s first fanboy. He started a group called the Boys’ Scientifiction Club; in 1939, he wore an outer-space outfit to a convention for fantasy aficionados, establishing a costuming ritual still followed by the hordes at Comic-Con. Ackerman founded a cult magazine, Famous Monsters of Filmland, and, more lucratively, became an agent for horror and science-fiction writers. He crammed an eighteen-room house in Los Feliz with genre memorabilia, including a vampire cape worn by Bela Lugosi and a model of the pteranodon that tried to abscond with Fay Wray in “King Kong.” Ackerman eventually sold off his collection to pay medical bills, and in 2008 he died. He had no children. But he had an heir. In 1971, Guillermo del Toro, the film director, was a seven-year-old misfit in Guadalajara, Mexico. He liked to troll the city sewers and dissolve slugs with salt. One day, in the magazine aisle of a supermarket, he came upon a copy of Famous Monsters of Filmland. He bought it, and was so determined to decode Ackerman’s pun-strewed prose—the letters section was called Fang Mail—that he quickly became bilingual. Del Toro was a playfully morbid child. One of his first toys, which he still owns, was a plush werewolf that he sewed together with the help of a great-aunt. In a tape recording made when he was five, he can be heard requesting a Christmas present of a mandrake root, for the purpose of black magic. His mother, Guadalupe, an amateur poet who read tarot cards, was charmed; his father, Federico, a businessman whom del Toro describes, fondly, as “the most unimaginative person on earth,” was confounded. Confounding his father became a lifelong project. Before del Toro started school, his father won the Mexican national lottery. Federico built a Chrysler-dealership empire with the money, and moved the family into a white modernist mansion. Little Guillermo haunted it. He raised a gothic menagerie: hundreds of snakes, a crow, and white rats that he sometimes snuggled with in bed. Del Toro has kept a family photograph of him and his sister, Susana, both under ten and forced into polyester finery. Guillermo, then broomstick-thin, has added to his ensemble plastic vampire fangs, and his chin is goateed with fake blood. Susana’s neck has a dreadful gash, courtesy of makeup applied by her brother. He still remembers his old tricks. “Collodion is material used to make scars,” he told me. “You put a line on your face, and it contracts and pulls the skin. As a kid, I’d buy collodion in theatrical shops, and I’d scar my face and scare the nanny.” Del Toro filled his bedroom with comic books and figurines, but he was not content to remain a fanboy. He began drawing creatures himself, consulting a graphic medical encyclopedia that his father, an unenthusiastic reader, had bought to fill his gentleman’s library. Del Toro was a good draftsman, but he knew that he would never be a master. (His favorite was Richard Corben, whose drawings, in magazines such as Heavy Metal, helped define underground comics: big fangs, bigger breasts.) So del Toro turned to film. In high school, he made a short about a monster that crawls out of a toilet and, finding humans repugnant, scuttles back to the sewers. He loved working on special effects, and his experiments with makeup grew outlandish. There is a photograph from this period of del Toro, now overweight, transformed into the melting corpse of a fat woman; his eyeballs drip down his cheeks like cracked eggs. (“It’s a gelatine,	Rio Rio You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 3 to 24 are not shown in this preview. This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue? CANCEL We've moved you to where you read on your other device. Get the full title to continue Get the full title to continue reading from where you left off, or restart the preview. Restart preview	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,096	Calcium carbonate is better known as what?	Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) What is PCC — Precipitated Calcium Carbonate? PCC stands for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate—also known as purified, refined or synthetic calcium carbonate. It has the same chemical formula as other types of calcium carbonate, such as limestone, marble and chalk: CaCO3. The calcium, carbon and oxygen atoms can arrange themselves in three different ways, to form three different calcium carbonate minerals. The most common arrangement for both precipitated and ground calcium carbonates is the hexagonal form known as calcite. A number of different calcite crystal forms are possible: scalenohedral, rhombohedral and prismatic. Less common is aragonite, which has a discrete or clustered needle orthorhombic crystal structure. Rare and generally unstable is the vaterite calcium carbonate mineral. Calcium carbonates, including PCC, are considered to be non-toxic. In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration has Affirmed calcium carbonate to be GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe). As long as the PCC meets certain purity requirements, it can be used as a direct food additive, as a pharmaceutical or as an indirect additive in paper products that come in contact with food. Similar acceptances and approvals exist around the world where PCCs are widely used in these applications. Click on the Contact Us link below to inquire about specific regulations covering the use of PCCs in these health-related uses, or on the MSDS link to download a Material Safety Data Sheet covering a Specialty Minerals Inc.’s (SMI’s) PCC product. When Did Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Manufacture Begin? PCCs have been made commercially for a long time—since 1841. The first producer was the English company, John E. Sturge Ltd., which treated the residual calcium chloride from their potassium chlorate manufacture with soda ash and carbon dioxide to form what they called precipitated chalk. In 1898, a new factory was built in Birmingham using the milk of lime process, which is described in more detail below. This PCC operation is now part of the Performance Minerals group of SMI. PCC production in the U.S. dates from 1938, when the C.K. Williams Company in Adams, Massachusetts, began to make PCC using the limestone from their adjacent mine. This plant was acquired by Pfizer in 1962, and became part of the Performance Minerals group of SMI on the formation of our parent, Minerals Technologies Inc., in 1992. How Is Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Made? Almost all PCC is made by direct carbonation of hydrated lime, known as the milk of lime process. The milk of lime process is simple in concept: Mine high purity calcium carbonate rock. Crush the rocks to the particle size needed for processing – small stones or powder. Separate some of the impurities from the crushed rock. Calcine (heat) in a kiln to 1850° F, which takes the calcium carbonate apart, forming lime (CaO) and carbon dioxide gas (CO2). The carbon dioxide can be captured for reuse. CaCO3 + Heat → CaO + CO2 ↑ Add the lime to water to form calcium hydroxide (hydrated lime or slake). CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 Separate out additional impurities from the slaked lime. Combine the captured carbon dioxide with the slaked lime. Calcium carbonate reforms, and since it is insoluble in water, precipitates out. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 ↓ + H2O Separate additional impurities and grit from the PCC slurry. If the PCC is to be used in a paper mill or shipped to a latex paint plant, the lower solids slurry may be used as is, or processed to bring up the solids level, then tested before transfer or shipment. If the PCC is to be used as a dry product, the slurry is dewatered, dried, milled, packaged and tested. While the process is simple on a laboratory scale, making precipitated calcium carbonates commercially on a large scale requires a great deal of process control and process technology to assure the right size, uniformity, shape, surface area and surface chemistry. This body of PCC technology develo	RAGMAG Ohm Issue \| Sept 2011 \| Issue#16 by RAGMAG Magazine (page 138) - issuu issuu 1. What is the difference between a spiral and a helix? 1. Where can you find the Church of the Holy Sepulchre? 1. What is the S.I. standard of temperature? 2. What is it called when a liquid is cooled to below its freezing point but it does not freeze? 2. The port of Mocha is in which country? 2. Boats and planes can roll and what other two ways do they move? 3. What do the letters LI-ION mean on a battery? 4. What is the difference between KVA and KW? 5. Melanophobia is the fear of what? 3. what is the capital of Latvia? 4. Which of these is NOT a wine region of France? Rhone, Alsace, Rioja, Bordeaux or Jura? 5. The Island of Madeira is in which ocean? Atlantic, Pacific or Indian? 6. If something is described as being anular in shape, what does it 6. The Alpine Ski Resort of St. resemble? Moritz is in which country? 7. You have three identically shaped balls 1Kg, 2Kg and 3Kg and you drop them from 20 Meters, which one will land first? 8. In climatology, to what does the term “Pluvial” refer? 7. The world’s highest swing, called the Nevis Arc, is located in which country? 8. Ibiza is in which Mediterranean island group? 9. Tirana is the capital of which 9. The Pascal is the SI unit of country? pressure.The Bar is the ilder term. 1 Bar is equivalent to how many 10. What is China’s second KiloPascal? largest river? 10. What element, whose symbol derives from its Greek name hydrargyrum, meaning watering silver, melts at -38.83 °C and yet boils at 356.73 °C? 3. What is the chemical symbol for Ozone? 4. What is the name given to the bending of light as it passes from one substance to another? 1. What cheese is made backwards? 2. If you write all the numbers from 300 to 400, how many times would you write the number 3? 3. What kind of bees make milk? 4. Where on earth do the winds always blow from the south? 5. If you feed me I will live but if you give me water I will die. What am i? 5. What computer operating 6. If five thousand, five hundred fifty system has a penguin as its logo? five dollars is written as $5,555, how should twelve thousand, twelve 6. There are three types of nuclear hundred twelve dollars be written? radiation. Gamma is one. Name the other two. 7. What number is next in this sequence? 1, 3, 4, 7, 11... 7. When a liquid changes from liquid to gas it’s called evaporation. What 8. Can you name three consecutive is it called when a solid changes days without using the words to gas? Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, or 8. What is the name of the pigment Sunday? that gives leaves their green colour? 9. Mr. and Mrs. Mustard have six daughters and each daughter has 9. What is the cube root of 8000? one brother. How many people are in the Mustard family? 10. In an electrical circuit diagram, what is denoted by circle 10. A horse is tied to a 5 m. rope; 6 m. containing the capital letter A? away from it, is a bail of hay. Without breaking the rope, the horse is able to get to the bail of hay. How is this possible? dingbats LONDON PARIS Book 2 COST $100.00 EACH 12 COST $50.00 EACH Film COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN Song ROUND#1 1. A spiral is on a flat plane 2. Super Cooled 3. Lithium Ion 4. KW takes into account the power factor 5. Colour Black 6. Ring 7. At the same time 8. Rainfall 9.100 10. Mercury ROUND#2 1. Jerusalem 2. Yemen 3. Riga 4. Rioja 5. Atlantic 6. Switzerland 7. New Zealand 8. Balearic Islands 9. Albania 10. Yellow River ROUND#3 1. Kelvin 2. Pitch and Yaw 3. O3 4. Refraction 5. Linux 6. Alpha and Beta 7. Sublimation 8. Chlorophyl 9. 20 10. Ammetre ROUND#4 1. Edam 2. 120 3. Boobies 4. North Pole 5. Fire 6. 13,212 7. 18 8. Yesterday, today and tomorrow 9. Nine 10. The other end is not tied to anything A TALE (TAIL) OF TO CITIES - THE LION, THE WITCH AND THE WARDROBE - HOT CHOCOLATE THREE BLIND MICE - ONE FLEW OVER THE CUCKOO’S NEST - LITTLE WOMEN DANGEROUS MINDS - CHEAPER BY THE DOZEN - FINAL COUNTDOWN 138 RAGMAG \| SEPTEMBER 2011	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,097	Ray Bolger played who in The Wizard of Oz?	Ray Bolger \| Oz Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Share Oh Joy Rapture! Ray Bolger (January 10 1904 – January 15 1987), full name Raymond Wallace Bulcao, was the American actor who played the Scarecrow and Hunk the Farmhand in MGM 's 1939 film The Wizard of Oz . Bolger was originally cast as the Tin Woodman , but felt himself better suited to the Scarecrow role. He campaigned vigorously with producer Mervyn LeRoy and studio head Louis B. Mayer for a switch in roles, and soon won the part he coveted. ( Buddy Ebsen , originally intended as the Scarecrow,but he didn't mind and took the Tin Man role instead, with an unfortunate outcome.) Over the course of his career, Bolger shared other credits with his Oz castmates. He played: with Judy Garland in The Harvey Girls (1946) with Margaret Hamilton in The Daydreamer (1966) with Charley Grapewin in The Girl of the Golden West (1938) with Frank Morgan in three films in 1936–38. Judy Garland afecanatly called Bolger "My Scarecrow" Bolger won a Tony award for the Brodway play Wheres Charlie in 1948 He also appeared as a dancer in a Dr Pepper comercial He died from blader cancer on January 15 1987 at the age of 83 He was the last surviving member of the original cast of Oz (with exception to Buddy Ebsin) Gallery	BBC - Windsor Davies Windsor Davies Full site A-Z index Windsor Davies Born in London to Welsh parents, Windsor Davies is best known for his role as Battery Sergeant Major Williams in the TV sitcom It Ain't Half Hot Mum. He was born in Canning Town in east London on 28 August 1930, but returned to his parents' native Ogmore Valley at the outbreak of World War Two. Davies attended Ogmore Grammar School and Bangor Teacher Training College, and worked as a teacher and miner before enrolling on a drama course at Richmond College in 1961. Davies' first on-screen appearance was in the 1962 film The Pot Carriers. A range of television and film roles followed, including various parts in Dixon Of Dock Green and Z Cars between 1965 and 1974. Created by David Croft and Jimmy Perry as the follow-up to Dad's Army, It Ain't Half Hot Mum ran on the BBC from 1974 to 1981. It followed the exploits of a Royal Artillery Concert Party entertaining British troops in India and Burma towards the end of World War Two. The role of the bombastic Sgt Major Williams was originally offered to Leonard Rossiter, who felt the script's depictions of life in India were too crude and caricatured. Controversy surrounding the blacking up of white actor Michael Bates to play an Indian native meant the show is rarely shown in the 20th century. Windsor Davies became the show's stand-out performer, with catchphrases including "Shut up!" and the sardonic "Oh dear, how sad, never mind". He described the show as "my saviour," adding that it "saved me from being a great actor". With his series co-star Don Estelle, Davies had a number one hit single in the UK in 1975 with a version of the old standard Whispering Grass. He also took two roles in Carry On Behind (1975) and Carry On England (1976), the latter as Sgt Major "Tiger" Bloomer. From 1983 to 1986 he voiced the part of Sgt Major Zero in Gerry Anderson's Terrahawks. However, perhaps eager to avoid becoming typecast, he took the role of the antique dealer Oliver Smallbridge in the television series Never The Twain, which ran between 1981 and 1991. Davies also undertook a range of radio and voice-over work, although in 1984 he failed an audition to become the voice of the speaking clock. His acting roles became less frequent in the 21st century, although he made appearances in the television series 2point4 Children, Casualty and My Family. Bookmark this page:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,098	"Which pop musician wrote the music for the 1983 film ""Local Hero""?"	Local Hero by Mark Knopfler on Apple Music 14 Songs iTunes Review After the international success of Dire Straits’ Love Over Gold, bandleader Mark Knopfler took a sabbatical to compose music for Bill Forstyth’s 1983 film Local Hero. Beyond adding atmospheric color to this beguiling tale of a small Scottish town, the score stands on its own as an evocative, subtly-textured showcase for the guitarist’s composing gifts. Knopfler’s pieces draw upon Celtic elements, with intimations of the blues flashing in the Highland mists he conjures up. He enlists the aid of bandmates Alan Clark and John Illsley (on keyboards and bass, respectively) to fill out the mostly guitar-centered melodies, creating a shimmering wash of sound on “Stargazer” and invoking rugged Northern coastlines on “Rocks and Thunder.” Tracks like “Wild Theme” highlight his deft finger-picking and ruminating melodies. Gerry Rafferty (of “Baker Street” fame) contributes his vocals to “That’s The Way It Always Starts,” a Latin-shaded serenade. Knopfler has since taken on other worthwhile cinematic projects, but this poignant and often magical recording continues to represent his soundtrack work at its finest. Customer Reviews by Jguarfn While I was a Dire Straits fan, especially Brothers in Arms, the movie really fed off the music and vice versa. I miss Bill Forsyth films, the combination of humor and gorgeous tunes is hard to find today. Still one of my favorite films and this one got me started on picking up soundtracks. With the exception of Freeway Flyer, lots of celtic influences throughout. Possibly the best soundtrack ever recorded by db_and fan Granted, I'm biased because I’m a huge Knopfler fan. The film was splendid…I rented it with my girlfriend when I was in college back in 84...and immediately knew who was playing on the soundtrack. I’ve got to say that Bill Forsyth (who wrote and directed the film) knew what he was doing when he hired Knopfler to score it. My wife and I have now been married for almost 19 years and it remains one of our favorites films and bodies of music. If you love Dire Straits/Mark Knopfler, give it a listen…and see the film! Excellent Score by Castaway100 If you are a Mark Knopfler fan you will enjoy this soundtrack. With the use of witty and soothing synthesizers incorporated with the guitar, Knopfler hits the mark. This is a classic original and would accompany Knopfler's work done for the soundtrack "The Princess Bride" in any fans collection. Biography Born: August 12, 1949 in Glasgow, Scotland Genre: Rock Years Active: '80s, '90s, '00s, '10s The most celebrated British guitar hero to emerge in the 1970s and '80s, Mark Knopfler rose to fame as the leader of Dire Straits, and his songwriting and incisive guitar work played a decisive role in making them an international success story. At a time when punk and new wave were making technique for its own sake seem irrelevant, and metal was taking the guitar solo in noisier and unpredictable directions, Knopfler's clean but dexterous picking proved there was still room for traditionalism and... Top Albums and Songs by Mark Knopfler 1.	Oodles Of Fun: April 2010 Oodles Of Fun Are You Using Your nOodle? Pages Question of the Day - On this day in 1931, what 102-story, 1,046-foot building was dedicated in New York City? Empire State Building Bon Jovi sang "You Give Love a ____ Name". Bad Bing Crosby's real name was: Harry Which is the only Marx Brothers film to feature on the AFI's top 100? Duck Soup The Broadway show Movin' Out featured the songs of: Billy Joel The tagline "Die Harder" comes from which 1990 movie? Die Hard 2 Which film has the line, "I can't have a baby, because I have a 12:30 lunch meeting"? Baby Boom In An Affair to Remember, where did the lovers decide to meet six months later? New York Where do the scientists first find a mysterious monolith, in 2001: A Space Odyssey? The Moon Which actress stars in the film Mean Girls? Lindsay Lohan This horror classic is called: Invasion of the Body ________. Snatchers Whose real name is Eric Bishop? Jamie Foxx Who said: "Whether we bring our enemies to justice or bring justice to our enemies, justice will be done"? George W. Bush Bruce Springsteen says "Everybody's got ________". A hungry heart Who had the 1976 hit: "Play That Funky Music"? Wild Cherry Al Pacino and Matthew McConaughey starred in: Two for the Money In the "Rock DJ" video, what former Take That singer literally sheds layers of clothes and layers of flesh? Robbie Williams Which film is a love story between the King of Siam and a British schoolteacher? Anna and the King What former star of Broadway's Annie married Matthew Broderick, who starred in The Producers? Sarah Jessica Parker What was the last Beatles' album to be recorded before the band's split? Abbey Road Which actress' father is well-known actor Jon Voight? Angelina Jolie What was the name of Herman's wife on The Munsters? Lily On the TV series Heroes, the character Hiro Nakamura is able to: Stop time The music to the U.S. Navy song "Anchors Aweigh" was written by: Charles Zimmerman Talk show host Rosie O'Donnell changed hats to play which narrating character in "Seussical the Musical"? The Cat in the Hat All members of The Monkees have what same color of eyes? Brown The tagline, "Resistance is Futile", comes from which 1996 movie? Star Trek: First Contact One of the longest movie song titles, as sung by Julie Andrews in Mary Poppins, was: "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" Who played Truman Capote in Capote? Philip Seymour Hoffman Which Scottish actor voiced a dragon called Draco in the movie Dragon Heart? Sean Connery Question of the Day - Willie Nelson turns 77 today. What is NOT one of his songs? Hit the Road, Jack Which character sings "Over the Rainbow" in The Wizard of Oz? Dorothy Finish this line from The Godfather: "Leave the gun. Take _________". The cannoli Name the ship commanded by Russell Crowe in Master and Commander. HMS Surprise In which of the Rocky movies was the statue of Rocky unveiled? Rocky III Where was the character Elijah Prince, aka "Mr. Glass", from Unbreakable born? A department store Who sang "When You Wish upon a Star" in the 1940 Walt Disney film Pinocchio? Jiminy Cricket What was the name of the woman Dustin Hoffman played in Tootsie? Dorothy Michaels What comedian actress shared Steve Martin's body in All of Me? Lily Tomlin Who played Starsky in the film Starsky and Hutch? Ben Stiller In 1995, what Irish New Age musician released the album The Memory of Trees? Enya Which best describes Kiefer Sutherland? Agent Jack Bauer on 24 Which Beatle sang "My Sweet Lord"? George Harrison In which movie does Kevin Bacon discover the secret of invisibility? Hollow Man Antonin Dvorak's most famous symphony is known as Z Noveho Sveta in his native language. What do we call it? From the New World Which actor played the monster in the original film of Frankenstein? Boris Karloff The movies Courage Under Fire and A Soldier's Story featured which actor? Denzel Washington Angela Lansbury was in which movie? Bedknobs and Broomsticks What film is showing at the Bedford Falls theater at the end of It's A Wonderful Life? The Bells of St. Mary's What sport is pla	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,099	In which shipyard was Nelson's flagship, HMS Victory, built?	HMS Victory; Lord Nelson's Flagship HMS Victory: Victory's history and restoration in Portsmouth UK. Admiral Lord Nelson's Flagship HMS Victory - 1765 HMS Victory please click photo to enlarge HMS Victory, Admiral Lord Nelson's flagship is the oldest commissioned warship in the world and is still manned by Officers and Ratings of the Royal Navy. The Victory is the only surviving warship that fought in the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the Napoleonic Wars and is now the flagship of the Second Sea Lord and Commander in Chief Naval Home Command and lies in No 2 Dry Dock at Portsmouth Naval Base in Hampshire UK, where she has a permanent berth. HMS Victory's famous figure-head for further photo's of HMS Victory's figure-head : please click the photo above The design of HMS Victory's elaborate figure-head comprises of two cupids supporting the royal coat of arms which is surmounted with the royal crown. The motto bears the Latin inscription of the Order of the Garter: Honi Soit Qui Mal Y Pense. Translated this means: Shame to him who evil thinks. 186 feet (gun deck) - 227 feet (overall) - 51ft 10 inches (beam) - 28 ft 9 inches (draft) - 2,162 tons - 104 guns - crew of 850 - speed 8 to 9 knots Full rigged ship built mostly of Oak Carving the replacement starboard side entrance port : Lord Horatio Nelson and his Crew :- The Battle of Trafalgar ( 1805 ) :- HMS Victory - The Warship HMS Victory is an 18th century first-rate warship. it has four masts, 104 guns and took six years to build at a final cost of � 63,176, a present day cost of around �50 million pounds. The main function of the first-rates warship like HMS Victory was a floating gun platform to deliver shattering 'broadsides' from their powerful batteries of guns arranged in tiers on three decks. The term 'first-rates' warship came from the battle strategy of the British Royal Navy and the old square riggers. In battle the ships would line up astern of each other and sail in a line past the enemy, when the ship was abeam of their opponent they would then aim and fire their guns. The guns use in this period could not be turned and aimed at their targets like modern turret guns, so sailing in a line meant they had to bear a long onslaught for an extended period. On the 13 December 1758, the same year of Lord Nelson's birth the Board of Admiralty in London gave orders that twelve new line of battle ships were to be built, among them a 'first-rate' with 100 guns. In 1759 it was decided that this ship would be called Victory. She was designed by Thomas Slade, the Senior Surveyor of the Royal Navy and was laid down in Chatham Dockyard in Southern England. According to reports at the time it was a "bright and sunny day" when the elm keel was laid down in the old single dock at Chatham dockyard in Kent on 23 July 1759. Forty-seven years later on the 21 October 1805, HMS Victory was the flagship of Vice Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar. This sculpture of HMS victory has been carved entirely from centuries old oak beams removed from HMS Victory�s lower gun deck during the restoration program in 1991. For the various stages of producing the Victory sculpture- please click here Important dates for HMS Victory 1759 Keel laid -- 1765 Launched -- 1778 First commissioned -- 1781 Battle of Ushant -- 1782 Relief of Gibraltar -- 1783 End of the American Revolution -- 1793 First refit along with an increase of armament -- 1794 French Revolution -- 1795 Refits at Portsmouth and Chatham --1797 Battle of St. Cape Vincent -- 1798 Battle of the Nile -- 1801 Battle of Copenhagen -- 1804 The 4th refit at Chatham was completed -- 1805 Lord Nelson, Battle of Trafalgar -- 1806 Extensive repairs at Portsmouth - 1808 Re-commissioned, two Baltic campaigns - 1817 Put into reserve -- 1824 Flagship for the Port Admiral -- 1889 First made the Flagship for Commander-in-Ch	Royal Navy Diction & Slang Select the begining alphbetical letter: MADAM The most usual way in which the average naval officer refers to his own or another officer's wife - e.g. "My Madam", "Your Madam". MAJOR (THE) MAJOR. But to a Marine 'other rank', the title MAJOR primarily refers to the Sergeant-Major. SPUNYARN MAJOR MAKE MAKE A SIGNAL Naval signals are made not sent. MAKE-AND-MEND The official naval name for a half-holiday. It comes from the old pipe "Hands to Make and Mend Clothes", the traditional occupation for the hands when no official ship's work is to be carried out. "Make-and-mend pud" is a slang name for a stodgy pudding which should assist its eaters to sleep heavily after lunch. TO MAKE UP LEEWAY To make up that which has been lost. Leeway is the drift which a ship makes away from the direction from which the wind is blowing. MANNING SHIP A ceremonial mark of salutation, originally as showing your peaceful intentions (like the raising of a knight's visor) in that with all hands on deck you could have no guns manned. The present method of manning ship - along the sides of the upper deck - was introduced in 1873, replacing the manning of yards and rigging which by then had largely disappeared. MARINE ROYAL MARINES Since 1746 the Marines have the privilege of marching through the City of London with drums beating, Colours flying, and bayonets fixed; this privilege, shared with certain regiments, stems from the formation of the first Maritime Regiments in 1664 from the Trained Bands of the City of London (from whom the Marines derive the nickname of Jollies). Among various general nicknames for the Royal Marines may be cited Turkeys (becuase of the scarlet coats), Bullocks (from the Magnificent physique of the Marine Artillery), Bootnecks and Leathernecks (from the piece of leather sewn in the neck of their full dress tunics), Jerines, Flatfoots, Jollies, Joeys and Bashi- Bazouks, Acquatic Hussar, Water Buffalo. Traditionally the Royal Marines' messdecks (always known as the Barracks) on board any HM Ship is situated between the seamen's messes and the officers' quarters. "TELL THAT TO THE MARINES" A seamen's repartee to an improbable story. The expression is said to derive from a conversation between King Charles II and Samuel Pepys in 1664 when stories were being told of strage things seen abroad, stories which the Court could not credit. The truth of one of these was vouched for by an officer of the Maritime Regiment of Foot and in reply King Charles said that in future before casting doubt on the truth of a story he would first tell it to the Marines. MARRY TO MARRY THE GUNNER'S DAUGHTER An old naval expression meaning to be laid over a gun to receive a thrashing. MARQUE LETTERS OF MARQUE (MART) A commission granted by the Admiralty to the master of a merchant ship or privateer to attack the ships of an enemy. MARTIN ST MARTIN-IN-THE FIELDS CHURCH On special occasions, a white ensign is flown on the portice of the church of St Martin-in-the-fields, Trafalgar Square, London, since that church is the parish church of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. This privilege dates from about 1790. A fresh ensign is given to the church by the Admiralty when required. A silk Admiralty flag was presented to the church by the Admiralty in November, 1954, to hang over the Admiralty Box on the South side of the Chancel. MARTINGALE MARTINGALE A stay which prevents a boom, spare or strut from topping up. Originally the stay leading down from the job-boom of a sailing ship to the ship's stem. MASTER MASTER (1) Originally the Captain of a warship was a courtier or an army officer embarked in the ship, with his soldiers, to do the fighting, the sailing of the ship being in the hands of the naval men under the Master or Boatswain. This was changed in the Elizabethan era when the long sea voyages undertaken made it necessary for the Captain to have a real knowledge of ship handling and not of fighting only. Thus the Master of a warship was in charge of the navigating of the ship, as opp	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,100	What did Captain James Cook take on his sea voyages, as experience had taught him that it was an effective preventative of scurvy (containing vitamin C and lactobacilli)?	Sauerkraut - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics More interesting facts on Sauerkraut Include this on your site/blog: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Polish Sauerkraut (Kiszona kapusta) Sauerkraut (pronounced /ˈsaʊrkraʊt/ in English; German pronunciation: Yiddish : [ˈzɔi̯.əʀ.kʀɔi̯t]) is finely shredded cabbage that has been fermented by various lactic acid bacteria , including Leuconostoc , Lactobacillus , and Pediococcus . [1] [2] It has a long shelf-life and a distinctive sour flavor, both of which result from the lactic acid that forms when the bacteria ferment the sugars in the cabbage. It is therefore not to be confused with coleslaw , which receives its acidic taste from vinegar . Contents Fermentation Pickled Eisbein served with sauerkraut Sauerkraut is made by a process of pickling called lacto-fermentation that is analogous to how traditional (not heat-treated) pickled cucumbers and kimchi are made. Fully-cured sauerkraut keeps for several months in an airtight container stored at or below 15°C (59°F). Neither refrigeration nor pasteurization is required, although these treatments may prolong storage life. However, pasteurization will destroy all of the beneficial digestive enzymes and lactic acid bacteria, as well as the valuable vitamin C content, so it greatly diminishes the nutritional value without any significant benefit.[citation needed] No special culture of lactic acid bacteria is needed because these bacteria already are present on raw cabbage.[citation needed]Yeasts also are present, and may yield soft sauerkraut of poor flavor when the fermentation temperature is too high. The fermentation process has three phases. In the first phase, anaerobic bacteria such as Klebsiella and Enterobacter lead the fermentation, and begin producing an acid environment that favours later bacteria. The second phase starts as the acid levels become too high for many bacteria, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides and other Leuconostoc spp. take dominance. In the third phase, various Lactobacillus species including L. brevis and L. plantarum ferment any remaining sugars, further lowering the pH . [1] [2] Health and nutrition Health benefits Dutch sauerkraut ("zuurkool") mashed with potatoes in pan Choucroute garnie, a traditional dish of Alsace , where sauerkraut is garnished with sausages and other pork meats Sauerkraut (including liquid) Source: USDA Nutrient database Raw sauerkraut is extremely healthy. It is an excellent source of vitamin C , lactobacilli , and other nutrients. However, the low pH and abundance of otherwise healthy lactobacilli may upset the intestines of people who are not used to eating acidic foods. Studies suggest that fermented cabbage may be even more healthy than the raw vegetable, with increased levels of anti-cancer agents such as isothiocyanates .[citation needed] Before frozen foods and the importation of foods from the Southern hemisphere became readily available in northern and central Europe , sauerkraut provided a vital source of the aforementioned nutrients during the winter. Captain James Cook always took a store of sauerkraut on his sea voyages, since experience had taught him that it was an effective preventative of scurvy . [3] [4] German sailors continued this practice even after the British Royal Navy had switched to limes, earning the British sailor the nickname " Limey " while his German counterpart became known as a " Kraut ." [5] It is now known that the preservation of sauerkraut in an anaerobic environment (in the brine ) keeps the vitamin C in it from being oxidized. There is some evidence that indicates that kimchi , and by extension sauerkraut, may be used to treat avian influenza in birds. [6] Currently, there is no evidence of its effect on human cases. Sauerkraut is also a source of biogenic amines such as tyramine , which may cause adverse reactions in	Log In - New York Times Log In Don't have an account? Sign up here » In order to access our Web site, your Web browser must accept cookies from NYTimes.com. More information »	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,101	In what story of Arthur C. Clarke do Tibetan monks seek to list all the names of God as they believe He will bring the Universe to an end once this is done?	VOICE_1 By Monica Clark Voice editor The Oakland Diocese’s new Cathedral of Christ the Light will be built at the corner of Grand Avenue and Harrison Street, overlooking Lake Merritt, in downtown Oakland on property purchased Dec. 5 for $31.5 million. An independently funded, non-profit organization overseeing the cathedral project announced the purchase and said it was continuing its efforts to raise the additional $48.5 million needed to construct the church. Total cost of the cathedral complex, which includes several other buildings, is $131 million. Oakland Bishop Allen Vigneron, in a statement to cathedral supporters, reiterated the importance of having a central worship space. “We need our cathedral for a strong diocese; a strong diocese means renewed strength for building up our community, strength for supporting our schools, and strength for serving people in need.” He said it was fitting that the new church would be built “opposite the site of our first Mass, held on March 27, 1772, on a swamp that is now Lake Merritt.” Major foundation grants, individual donations, and loans were used to purchase the land. Jack Smith, former mayor of Hayward and chair of the fundraising committee, said he is hopeful that additional donors will come forward with pledges to cover construction costs. No funds from the diocese’s budget will be tapped for the project, said Bishop Vigneron. This will “keep diocesan operations vigorous during cathedral building.” San Francisco architect Craig Hartman of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill will design the cathedral and several other church-related buildings on the 2.5 acre site, which currently serves as a parking lot for tenants in adjacent buildings. Hartman replaces Santiago Calatrava as the design architect. The cathedral project ended its relationship with Calatrava this spring after the committee determined that his design “could not be built within the Cathedral project’s (budgetary) guidelines,” said Lee Nordlund, spokesman for the project. Hartman’s design features a 17-story, 33,000-square-foot elliptical structure made of native woods, stone, steel and glass, with permanent seating for 1,500. It will be pillar free and conform to the liturgical directives of the Second Vatican Council. It will be set at the northeast corner of the site opening on to a public plaza that will be surrounded on the south and east by diocesan (chancery) and parish offices, meeting rooms and a conference center, a rectory for parish priests and a bishop’s residence, a library, archive and exhibit area, café and bookstore. There will be a bell tower on the southwest corner, a mausoleum beneath the cathedral, and underground parking for 225 cars. Revenue from the mausoleum and parking garage will help pay off construction loans and then be available for maintenance and upkeep of the cathedral center, Nordlund said. The cathedral’s name, Christ the Light, is taken from “Lumen Gentium” (Light of All People), the Vatican Council’s Dogmatic Constitution on the Church. The document calls on Catholics to “bring to all that light of Christ which shines out visibly from the Church.” The new cathedral replaces St. Francis de Sales Cathedral which was severely damaged in the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake and razed in October 1993. Future of the site on 21st Street and San Pablo Avenue is still to be determined, Nordlund said. In the fall of 1999, Bishop John Cummins formed a committee of volunteers, headed by Oakland attorney John McDonnell, choir director	fUSION Anomaly. William S. Burroughs ambient track _The End Of Words_ MP3 (192k) by Material off of _Seven Souls_ (1989) inaudible text narrated by WSB drum & bass release _Funktion/Naked Lunch_ MP3 12" by Ed Rush & Optical on V #026 (1998) lo fi neo psychedelia track _Christmas With William S._ MP3 (160k) by Olivia Tremor Control off of _Singles & Beyond_ compilation on Emperor Norton (2000) paisley underground roots rock track _Exploring The Axis_ MP3 by Thin White Rope off of _Exploring The Axis_ 12" on Diablo (1985) name of band is taken from WSB's term for ejaculation track _Letter To William S. Burroughs And Ode To Jack_ MP3 by Hunter S. Thompson spoken word cabaret track _What Keeps Mankind Alive_ MP3 (96k) off of _September Songs: The Music Of Kurt Weill_ compilation CD (1997) Weill was a German composer affiliated with Bertolt Brecht, which means cabaret. Cabaret was a medium for political dissent. ' Educational opera' is the term used. track _Word Is Virus_ MP3 off of _The Elvis Letters_ 12" on TK (1985) music & production by director Gus Van Sant spoken word track _Just Say No To Drug Hysteria (excerpt 4:08)_ MP3 off of _Best Of William S. Burroughs: From Giorno Poetry Systems CDx4 on Mouth Almighty (1998) band Steely Dan - name taken from a reference in William S. Burroughs' book _Naked Lunch_ about a steam-powered sex toy (dildo). beat poetry track _Dinosaurs (live reading)_ MP3 (192k) (6:00) track _Ah Pook Is The Mayan God Of Death_ MP3 off of _Ah Pook Is Here_ (written in 1975) track _K-9 Was In Combat With _Do Android's Dream of Electric Sheep? by Philip K. Dick ; title _Blade Runner_ comes from the name of a totally unrelated William S. Burroughs novel about black market surgeons, which was itself based on a story by Alan E. Nourse.] The Western Lands Working closely with Skopelitis, Bill Laswell created two pivotal albums in the late 1980s -- that serve as arguable prototypical predecessors for some of Axiom's landmark releases by Baker, Skopelitis, and Material, among others -- within a short-lived but intense series of albums for the Nation and Venture subsidiaries of Virgin. The first was Material's _Seven Souls_, which featured the voice of William S. Burroughs. About William Burroughs: The identification of control systems and devising means to destroy them has always dominated his work. Burroughs has always fought for complete freedom -- freedom from all control from invasion by alien forces from religion, sexual repression, and suppression from the American way of life and traditional family values. From programming by TV, media, and the subtext of language . The ugly spirit as the ugly American, the forces of greed and corruption, selfishness and stupidity. Featuring Sly Dunbar on drums, Shankar and Simon Shaheen on violins, and with Burroughs' voice augmented by Arabic, West African, and New York hip-hop vocalists, Material's _Seven Souls_ is a sublime fusion of high-tech production with acoustic elements. Jeff Bova's synthesizers blend organically with Skopelitis' various guitars and ethnic stringed instruments to create washes of sound that breathe behind Burroughs' stark readings from the texts of "The Western Lands." Thematically, sonically, and conceptually, _Seven Souls_ -- like _Future Shock_ -- is a landmark recording for Laswell in its reflection of such a variety of perfectly united elements. Although his cavalier lifestyle and counterculture status has overshadowed his multimedia experiments, William S. Burroughs studied with Alfred Korzybski (who formulated General Semantics and E-Prime ), and was a fierce critic of Scientology's psycho-linguistic games. Burroughs' interest in epigenetic (brain) and cultural ( evolution as the basis of contemporary advertising techniques anticipated Howard Bloom's research that the co-evolution of language and brain contains viral elements. - Alex Burns "Western man is externalizing himself in the form of gadgets" - _N	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,102	Sir Anthony Mamo, who died in May 2008, was the first President of which European country, from 1974 to 1976?	Sir Anthony Mamo: First elected president of Malta \| The Independent Sir Anthony Mamo: First elected president of Malta Monday 5 May 2008 23:00 BST Click to follow The Independent Online A scion of one of Malta's oldest families, Anthony Mamo played a vital part in Malta's post-war transition – first to independence from Britain in 1964 and then, a decade later, from a democratic monarchy that had retained the Queen as head of state to a republic within the Commonwealth, of which Mamo was the first elected president. Through the offices he held, and thanks to his non-confrontational style and skill at promoting consensus, Mamo helped make sure these momentous changes proceeded as smoothly as humanly possible, in his tiny but politically fractious country. From 1971 to 1974 he was the island's last (and only native Maltese) Governor-General, technically exercising authority on the Queen's behalf. As such, he presided over discussions between the rival and frequently feuding parties, the Nationalists and the Labour Party, when the latter was led by Dom Mintoff, Malta's dominant 20th-century politician, who was Prime Minister between 1971 and 1984. Thanks to Mamo's quiet encouragement of the parties to find common ground, Malta's parliament approved the changeover to a republic, on 13 December 1974, by a handsome majority. Under the new constitution, which largely followed the Westminster model, the presidency was mainly ceremonial, with real power wielded by the prime minister. But Mamo's dignity and scrupulous sense of protocol made him an ideal figure to be head of state, a post he held until December 1976. His true lifelong passion, however, was the law. After a year in private practice, he joined the civil service in 1936, serving on a commission that produced a revised edition of Malta's entire legal code. In 1942, at the height of the Second World War, he entered the Attorney General's office, first as a Crown Counsel, then as Deputy Attorney General, before becoming Attorney General, the government's chief legal officer in 1954. Through the 1950s and 1960s, Mamo was the embodiment of the Maltese legal system. For 14 years he was Professor of Criminal Law at the Royal University of Malta, before becoming Chief Justice in 1957, then president of the Court of Appeals and finally president of the Constitutional Court in 1964. Until the end of his life he retained an intense interest in the law, "enquiring about this or that judge or lawyer," according to Malta's current President and former prime minister Eddie Fenech Adami, a student of Mamo at the university. In an odd distinction which he also enjoyed, for the last few months of his life Mamo was the world's oldest living former head of state. Rupert Cornwell Anthony Joseph Mamo, lawyer and statesman: born Birkirkara, Malta 9 January 1909; Member, State Law Revision Commission 1936-42; Crown Counsel 1942-51; Professor of Criminal Law, Malta University 1943-57; Deputy Attorney General 1952-54, Attorney General 1955; OBE 1955; Chief Justice of Malta 1957-71; Kt 1960; Governor-General of Malta 1971-74; President of the Republic of Malta 1974-76; married 1939 Margaret Agius (one son, two daughters); died Mosta, Malta 1 May 2008. 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View Full Document What country has a Bible on its flag-Dominican Republic What is the only number in English that has letters in alpha order-Forty What is the name for 100th of a second-A Jiffy 10% (by weight) of the worlds land animals are what species- Ants The milk of what creature will not curdle- Camel What do cockroaches do every fifteen minutes-Fart Noah's Ark had two of everything including what feature- Windows The Invisible Empire is better known as what-Klu Klux Klan The word vinegar come from French meaning what-Sour Wine In Saudi Arabia by law women may not become what-A Doctor Most blue eyed cats are what-Deaf The name of which animal means does not drink-Koala Collective Nouns - a Convocation of what-Eagles In proportion which animal has the largest eye-Cat Collective Nouns - a Cast of what -Falcons What European countries flag is square-Switzerland What is an octothrope-The # symbol Tigers have stripped fur - what colour is their skin-Stripped What bird has the most feathers per square inch-Penguin A dog is canine - what animal is ovine-Sheep A cat is feline - what animal is murine-Mouse or Rat The Golden Rain is the common name of what tree-Laburnum What countries nation anthem is Land of Two Rivers-Iraq Queen Alexandria's is the worlds largest what-Butterfly 1 foot wing Collective nouns - A train of what -Camels Who said "The child is the father of the man"-Wordsworth Collective nouns - a streak of what-Tigers There are over 130000 species of what on earth-Butterflies Azote was the original name of what element-Nitrogen What animals cannot swim-Gorillas The UIT govern what sport-International shooting union There are more telephones than people in what city-Washington USA If you landed at Arlanda airport where would you be-Stockholm Sweden What country declared itself first atheist state in 1967-Albania banned religion What is the Roman numerals for 3000-MMM What are Jean Bernard, Pierre St-Martin and Berger in France-Worlds deep caves Dallol Ethiopia has what claim to fame-Worlds hottest average place 94-Where are Bay of Heats and Bay of Dew Sinus Aestuum Roris-Near side of Moon This is the end of the preview. 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1,503,103	Which country hosts the Belmont and Preakness Stakes?	Exaggerator vs. Nyquist: Preakness and Derby Winners Will Have a Rematch in Haskell Invitational Exaggerator vs. Nyquist: Preakness and Derby Winners Will Have a Rematch in Haskell Invitational {{article.article.images.featured.caption}} Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. Full Bio The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer. Loading ... Loading ... This story appears in the {{article.article.magazine.pretty_date}} issue of {{article.article.magazine.pubName}}. Subscribe When chaos is standard operating procedure, expect chaos, so that, when there's a horse race involving many hundreds of thousands of dollars in stakes and many more millions in Triple-Crown-quality horses, we can be sure that we'll see changes. On cue, then, Gun Runner's trainer Steve Asmussen shipped his mount from Saratoga to Monmouth yesterday, to run in this weekend's Grade I Haskell Invitational – as opposed to staying in Saratoga for this weekend's Grade II Jim Dandy. It is a really interesting trainer's decision and gives us a key look into both races. Not least, a few hours ago, the Desormeaux brothers decided to move Preakness winner Exaggerator from the Jim Dandy to the Haskell as well, causing some delay in the NYRA's announcement of the Jim Dandy post positions and latest odds, which are below. Updates to come on the odds for the Jim Dandy's now rather short, top-heavy field. Exaggerator makes a move on Nyquist coming out of the last turn during the 141st Preakness Stakes on Saturday, May 21, 2016, at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. (Emma Patti Harris/Baltimore Sun/TNS via Getty Images) First, although it has suffered the last-minute defections, the Jim Dandy – though technically a Grade II stakes – still offers us talent this year in Belmont winner Creator and in the Triple-Crown contenders Mohaymen, Destin, and Governor Malibu. Though its purse is smaller than the Haskell's, the Jim Dandy lives up to its name in being a major race, and, as the Bluegrass Wise Man ™ pointed out for us yesterday , it's a key prep for the Travers at the end of next month, and a serious steppingstone for this fall's Breeder's Cup. Second, on Sunday, Derby-winner Nyquist now awaits Exaggerator, Brody's Cause, and Gun Runner down in New Jersey, Nyquist being arguably as serious a competitor as Creator. Moving a horse -- even the Preakness winner Exaggerator -- from Saratoga down to Monmouth is, this year, more than a bit like jumping from the frying pan into the fire. To address this and other questions about the two races this weekend, we turn again to the inimitable Bluegrass Wise Man ™, who sees all. But before we open the debate about the two fields, here are the all-important post positions for this Saturday's tight, talent-rich Jim Dandy field. Incredibly, Mohaymen is favored by the early money over Belmont winner Creator. 2016 Jim Dandy Stakes: Position, Jockey, Horse, Morning Line 1. Creator, I. Ortiz, Jr., 3/1 2. Laoban, J.L. Ortiz, 20/1 3. Mohaymen, J. Alvarado, 9/5 4. Destin, J. Castellano, 2/1 5. Governor Malibu, J. Rosario, 9/2 6. Race Me Home (IRE), L. Saez, 15/1 What do you reckon about Gun Runner moving down to the Haskell? Bluegrass Wise Man ™: Steve decided to run Gun Runner at Monmouth because he did not want to run him versus Creator – whom he also trains – if he did not have to. I would imagine he consulted with the owners of each horse about the decision to separate the two. Both are tough, which means, both are great races to win. The Haskell is a Grade I, of course, but I think the key here is that Gun Runner has not yet won a Grade I. The Louisiana Derby, which he won, is a Grade II. Creator has won two Grade Ones already, in the Arkansas Derby and the Belmont.	Belmont Stakes 2016: Post positions, updated odds FacebookEmail Twitter Google+ LinkedIn Pinterest Belmont Stakes 2016: Post positions, updated odds The 148th Belmont Stakes takes place on Saturday at Belmont Park as Preakness winner Exaggerator looks to win two legs of this year's Triple Crown. Post to Facebook Belmont Stakes 2016: Post positions, updated odds The 148th Belmont Stakes takes place on Saturday at Belmont Park as Preakness winner Exaggerator looks to win two legs of this year's Triple Crown. Check out this story on app.com: http://on.app.com/1Xbdkkh CancelSend A link has been sent to your friend's email address. Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation Belmont Stakes 2016: Post positions, updated odds Kevin Steimle , @kevsteimle Published 9:00 p.m. ET June 8, 2016 \| Updated 1:20 p.m. ET June 9, 2016 CLOSE Share Come out to the Jersey Shore Sports Awards on June 13th In this May 21, 2016, file photo, Exaggerator (5), with Kent Desormeaux up, moves past Nyquist, ridden by Mario Gutierrez, on the way to winning the 141st Preakness Stakes horse race at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. Exaggerator has been made the 9-5 favorite in a field of 13 for Saturday's $1.5 million Belmont Stakes (AP Photo/Garry Jones, File) (Photo: Garry Jones, AP) The 148th Belmont Stakes takes place on Saturday at Belmont Park as Preakness winner Exaggerator looks to win two legs of this year's Triple Crown. Kentucky Derby winner Nyquist will not race because of a health issue. The field also includes Kentucky Derby horses Destin, Suddenbreakingnews, Creator, Trojan Nation and Lani. Here are the odds and post positions for Saturday's race: Saturday at Belmont Park, Elmont, N.Y. Distance: 1 1/2 miles. TV: NBC. Online: NBCSports Extra. PP Horse Odds Jockey/Trainer 1. Governor Malibu 12-1 Rosario/Clement 2. Destin 6-1 Castellano/Pletcher 3. Cherry Wine 8-1 Lanerie/Romans 4. Suddenbreakingnews 10-1 Smith/Von Hemel 5. Stradivari 5-1 Velazquez/Pletcher 7. Seeking the Soul 30-1 Geroux/Stewart 8. Forever d'Oro 30-1 Ortiz/Stewart 9. Trojan Nation 30-1 Gryder/Gallagher 10. Lani 20-1 Take/Matsunaga 12. Brody's Cause 20-1 Saez/Romans 13. Creator 10-1 Ortiz Jr./Asmussen Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Jun 8, 2016; Elmont, NY, USA; Cherry Wine ridden by Faustino Aguilar trains on the main track in preparation for the 148th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park. Mandatory Credit: Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sports Anthony Gruppuso, Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sport Jun 8, 2016; Elmont, NY, USA; Cherry Wine ridden by Faustino Aguilar trains on the main track in preparation for the 148th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park. Mandatory Credit: Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sports Anthony Gruppuso, Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sport Jun 8, 2016; Elmont, NY, USA; Trojan Nation trains on the main track in preparation for the 148th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park. Mandatory Credit: Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sports Anthony Gruppuso, Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sport Jun 8, 2016; Elmont, NY, USA; A horse and rider train on the main track in preparation for the 148th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park. Mandatory Credit: Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sports Anthony Gruppuso, Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sport Jun 8, 2016; Elmont, NY, USA; Lani ridden by Eishu Maruuchi trains on the main track in preparation for the 148th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park. Mandatory Credit: Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sports Anthony Gruppuso, Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sport Jun 8, 2016; Elmont, NY, USA; Lani ridden by Eishu Maruuchi trains on the main track in preparation for the 148th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park. Mandatory Credit: Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sports Anthony Gruppuso, Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sport Jun 8, 2016; Elmont, NY, USA; Suddenbreakingnews trains on the main track in preparation for the 148th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park. Mandatory Credit: Anthony Gruppuso-USA TODAY Sports Anthony Gruppuso, Anthony Grupp	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,104	"""The splendour falls on castle walls/And snowy summits old story"" is the beginning of a poem by whom?"	The Splendour Falls on Castle Walls: Stanza 1 Summary The Splendour Falls on Castle Walls Get out the microscope, because we’re going through this poem line-by-line. Lines 1-2 The splendour falls on castle walls And snowy summits old in story: Wait, what? The first line doesn't seem to make sense at first. How can "splendour," which is intangible (something you can't touch), "fall"? "Splendour" seems to mean something a bit different here, though, like sunlight. Maybe we're supposed to imagine streams of light coming through between clouds. So if this bright light is "fall[ing]" against the "castle walls," it must be coming in at an angle… so it must be sunrise or sunset. Which do you think it is? (Let's bear this question in mind later in the poem—there might be more clues.) The sunlight, or "splendour," is streaming down and "falling" against the walls of a castle and against the snow-capped tops of mountains. Sounds like the speaker is in a valley somewhere, looking across at a castle and some snowy mountains. But these aren't just any mountains—they are "old in story," which means that many tales have been written about them. (Historical Note! Tennyson visited Ireland in 1848, just before writing "Splendour Falls." His inspiration was almost certainly a visit to a place in the mountains near Killarney called the "Eagle's Nest.") There's a steady rhythm as we read this—the rhythm, or meter , is "iambic tetrameter." (Check out the " Form and Meter " section for more about what that means.) The first line of this poem has two words that rhyme within the line: "falls" and "walls." That's called internal rhyme . Again, you should check out "Form and Meter" to learn more. Lines 3-4 The long light shakes across the lakes, And the wild cataract leaps in glory. Now we're told that the sunlight is streaming across lakes. The speaker says that the light "shakes." Weird, right? What would make light appear to "shake"? Maybe the water on the surface of the lakes is moving, causing the light to shimmer and "shake"? Or maybe the light is coming through tree branches that are moving in the wind? What do you think? The repetition of the "L" sound at the beginning of "long," "light," and "lakes" is called alliteration —check out the " Sound Check " section for more about the sound effects here. We're given another detail about the scenery: there's a waterfall, or "cataract," which is probably making a lot of noise as it falls, since the speaker calls it "wild." The word "leaps" seems like a weird choice of words, and in combination with that word "wild," it seems like the waterfall is some kind of wild animal, "leaping" down the mountainside. Metaphor alert! Line 3 has more internal rhyme ("shakes" and "lakes"), and line 4 introduces the first end rhyme of the poem—"glory" rhymes with "story" (line 2). Check out " Form and Mete r" to learn more about the rhyme scheme . Lines 5-6 Blow, bugle, blow, set the wild echoes flying, Blow, bugle; answer, echoes, dying, dying, dying. Suddenly we're not alone anymore! Or are we? A bugle (a kind of horn like a trumpet) is blown, and the notes echo across the valley and then fade, or "die," away. The repetition of the word "dying" seems to imitate the echoes that the speaker is describing. The speaker addresses the bugle directly, instead of addressing the person who is blowing it. Ladies and gentlemen, it's a textbook example of a poetic tool called apostrophe —Shmoop on over to the " Symbols " section to learn more about that.	Shakespeare's First Romantic Comedy — Utah Shakespeare Festival By Jerry L. Crawford The Two Gentlemen of Verona appeared to Ben Jonson to be a curious mixture of knowledge and ignorance, of competence and ineptness. He commented that Shakespeare had his characters traveling by sea from one inland town to another; that Proteus, after he has seen Silvia, mentions that he has seen only her picture. Such somewhat picayunish faults most probably occurred because, as Jonson observed, Shakespeare took the plot of his play from a contemporary novel which he "sometimes remember'd and sometimes forgot." William Hazlitt noted that the play contains no more than the bare outlines of the original novel; the play was written in high poetical spirit, with a "careless grace and felicity" which mark it for his. Logan Pearsall Smith noted that the play shows the beginnings of Shakespeare's "gift of the magic phrase." The earliest plays and poems show that Shakespeare's gift was an acquired rather than a natural skill; they are couched, for the most part, in the poetic diction that was the ordinary language of the time. However, such lines in Two Gentlemen as "The uncertain glory of an April day" foreshadow the poetic heights the author was to reach—he is beginning, here, to be Shakespeare. In this play Shakespeare exploits the potential of character to a large degree; the play contains perhaps the largest collection of odd human beings he was ever to bring together in a single play. Written as a court comedy for a select audience, it is an experiment in contemporary satire, containing linguistic affectations and topical allusions in reference to current fads, fashions and cults. Two Gentlemen is Shakespeare's first romantic comedy. While it cannot stand with its successors, it will lead to the likes of Twelfth Night. The central concern of the romantic comedies is the stuff of romance--love, youth, and beauty. The plot is always the same boy meets girl—and the complications arise out of the dramatic fact that "the course of true love never did run smooth." The world of romantic comedy is one in which the improbable looks probable; in which dark moments always pass; in which danger, grief and evil are known to be transitory; and in which there is the constant reassurance that all will be well in the end. It is a world in which, for example, a merchant's ships, after having been reported lost at sea, finally return home safe and sound. It has no specific locality—it is not just Verona, or Belmont, or Illyria--indeed, it is a world rather of atmosphere, of climate, of attitude, of mood; in it, realities are changed into a golden lovely, lyrical neo-reality in which the events of romantic comedy may come to pass. The characters in Shakespeare's romantic comedy may be roughly divided into the upstairs world and the downstairs world—a schism most effectively used in Twelfth Night, in which the activities of the servants burlesque and color the activities of the principals in the romance. Shakespeare's most striking character creations in Two Gentlemen are in the upstairs world—specifically, the romantic protagonists. Julia, Silvia, Proteus, and Valentine are indicative of certain trends in character types which Shakespeare was to develop more fully in later plays. The heroine of the play is Julia. Although she is not as fully realized a character as Silvia, she is the center of the dramatic action, and Silvia is the complication, the obstacle to the course of true love—although doubtless an utterly captivating obstacle; Silvia precedes such magnificent romantic heroines as Portia and Rosalind, who are more sharply individualized and fully realized than she. Julia is the prototype of the "disdainful lady" to which the Elizabethan sonnet cycles were almost universally addressed. Julia is utterly delightful when she tears the letter from Proteus for the benefit of her maid, Lucetta, only to later fit the scraps together again. Shakespeare's romantic heroines never fail to get their men. However, such comments as Rosalind's about Orlando in As Y	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,105	What is the name of the oblong metal ring with a spring clip, used in mountaineering to attach a running rope to a piton or similar device?	carabiner - definition and meaning carabiner Definitions from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition n. An oblong metal ring with a spring clip, used in mountaineering to attach a running rope to a piton or similar device. from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License n. A metal link with a gate that can open and close, generally used for clipping ropes to anchors or other objects. from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. n. an oblong metal ring with a spring clip; used in mountaineering to attach a rope to a piton or to connect two ropes Etymologies from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition German Karabiner, short for Karabinerhaken, hook for a carbine, from Karabiner, carbine, from French carabine; see carbine. from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License Shortened from German Karabinerhaken.	Bezzerwizzer at Paint Branch High School - StudyBlue StudyBlue Which geometric shape does Frank Llyod Wright's Guggenheim Museum in New York echo? A spiral Which painter liked to present himself as the "Man in the Bowler Hat"? Rene Magritte Which IT company is also known by the abbreviation "HP"? Hewlett Packard Which American university is known by the abbreviation "M.I.T."? Massachusetts Institute of Technology What American fashion icon enjoys the sweet smell of success with his Double Black cologne? Ralph Lauren Whon won the Oscar for Best Actor in "The Godfather" in 1972? Marlon Brando Which traditional French dish consists of eggplant, garlic, peppers, tomatoes, zucchini and onions? Ratatouille Which is the largest city in New Zealand? Auckland In 1960, which Asian country saw a woman elected as head of the government for the first time: Ceylon, Malaya or India? Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) What is the word for illnesses in which physical symptoms are traced back to mental causes? Psychosomatic How many people take part in a tete-a-tete? Two Who, in 1841, wrote about "The Murders in the Rue Morgue"? Edgar Allen Poe Who sang the title song to the James Bond film "Goldfinger"? Shirley Bassey Which species of deer is the most common across the world? Elk (moose) Who was elected President of Poland in 1990? Lech Walesa Which planet is also known as the "evening star"? Venus In a battle of the "hot-heads," who did Jimmy Connors defeat in 1982 in the Wimbledon tennis finals? John McEnroe Which videotape format prevailed in the face of competition from Betamax and Video2000? VHS Which President proclaimed Thanksgiving Day a national holiday? Abraham Lincoln Who was the murder victim at the center of the plot in TV's "Twin Peaks"? Laura Palmer Renaissance architecture emerged from which country? Italy How many people can be seen in da Vinci's painting of "The Last Supper"? Thirteen Which drink did pharmacist John S. Pemberton invent in 1886? Coca Cola Which term, used in sociology denotes the adaption of a minority to the culture and lifestyle of the majority? Assimilation What do the letters of the American fashion label "DKNY" stand for? Donna Karan New York Who played the role of Baron von Trapp in 1965's "The Sound of Music"? Christopher Plummer Which nation brought chocolate to Europe from rainforests of Mexico and Central America? Spain In which country is the Gibson Desert? Australia What was the code name for Allied Invasion of Normandy on D-Day? Operation Overlord What substance gives blood its red color? Hemoglobin Which science deals with the origin, history and meaning of words? Etymology Which generation did Douglas Coupland portray in his 1991 novel? Generation X Which duo sang "You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling" in 1965? The Righteous Brothers Which bird has the largest wing span? The (wandering) albatross Bill Clinton was governor of which U.S. state before becoming president? Arkansas How is the number 1,500 written in Roman numerals? MD In swimming, how many strokes are there in an Individual Medley? Four Which country launched MIR space station in 1986? Soviet Union How many points does the Jewish Star of David have? Six In which city did the TV series "Frasier" take place? Seattle What is a column or monument made of a single block of stone? Monolith Which male entertainment group, originally Los Angeles, is known for its striptease routine? The Chippendales Which copmany was co-founded in 1975 by Paul Allen? Microsoft What is celebrated on the 8th of March throughout the world? International Women's Day Causing fistfights in toy stores in the 1980s, which must have dolls came with their own adoption papers? Cabbage Patch Kids Who won the 2000 Oscar for Best Actor in "American Beauty"? Kevin Spacey Which exclusive dish meaning "fat liver" in French is prepared from duck or goose liver? Foie Gras Which ocean lies between Africa, Asia, Australia and the Antarctic? Indian Ocean Which Italian explorer gave his name to America? Amerigo Vespucci Who has, on average, more hair on their head: blondes, brunettes, or red	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,106	Which southpaw did George Foreman beat to win the World Title at 45 years of age	George Foreman becomes oldest heavyweight champ - Nov 05, 1994 - HISTORY.com This Day in History: 11/05/1994 - Foreman is Oldest Champ On this day in 1994, George Foreman, age 45, becomes boxing's oldest heavyweight champion when he defeats 26-year-old Michael Moorer in the 10th round of their WBA fight in Las Vegas. More than 12,000 spectators at the MGM Grand Hotel watched Foreman dethrone Moorer, who went into the fight with a 35-0 record. Foreman dedicated his upset win to "all my buddies in the nursing home and all the guys in jail." Born in 1949 in Marshal, Texas, Foreman had a troubled childhood and dropped out of high school. Eventually, he joined President Lyndon Johnson's Jobs Corps work program and discovered a talent for boxing. "Big George," as he was nicknamed, took home a gold medal for the U.S. at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City. In 1973 in Kingston, Jamaica, after winning his first 37 professional matches, 34 by knockout, Foreman KO'd "Smokin'" Joe Frazier after two rounds and was crowned heavyweight champ. At 1974's "Rumble in the Jungle" in Kinshasha, Zaire, the younger, stronger Foreman suffered a surprising loss to underdog Muhammad Ali and was forced to relinquish his championship title. Three years later, Big George morphed from pugilist into preacher, when he had a religious experience in his dressing room after losing a fight. He retired from boxing, became an ordained minister in Houston and founded a youth center. A decade later, the millions he'd made as a boxer gone, Foreman returned to the ring at age 38 and staged a successful comeback. When he won his second heavyweight title in his 1994 fight against Moorer, becoming the WBA and IBF champ, Foreman was wearing the same red trunks he'd had on the night he lost to Ali. Foreman didn't hang onto the heavyweight mantle for long. In March 1995, he was stripped of his WBA title after refusing to fight No. 1 contender Tony Tucker, and he gave up his IBF title in June 1995 rather than fight a rematch with Axel Schulz, whom he'd narrowly beat in a controversial judges' decision in April of that same year. Lead Story George Foreman becomes oldest heavyweight champ Share this: George Foreman becomes oldest heavyweight champ Author George Foreman becomes oldest heavyweight champ URL Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 1994, George Foreman, age 45, becomes boxing’s oldest heavyweight champion when he defeats 26-year-old Michael Moorer in the 10th round of their WBA fight in Las Vegas. More than 12,000 spectators at the MGM Grand Hotel watched Foreman dethrone Moorer, who went into the fight with a 35-0 record. Foreman dedicated his upset win to “all my buddies in the nursing home and all the guys in jail.” Born in 1949 in Marshal, Texas, Foreman had a troubled childhood and dropped out of high school. Eventually, he joined President Lyndon Johnson’s Jobs Corps work program and discovered a talent for boxing. “Big George,” as he was nicknamed, took home a gold medal for the U.S. at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City. In 1973 in Kingston, Jamaica, after winning his first 37 professional matches, 34 by knockout, Foreman KO’d “Smokin'” Joe Frazier after two rounds and was crowned heavyweight champ. At 1974’s “Rumble in the Jungle” in Kinshasha, Zaire, the younger, stronger Foreman suffered a surprising loss to underdog Muhammad Ali and was forced to relinquish his championship title. Three years later, Big George morphed from pugilist into preacher, when he had a religious experience in his dressing room after losing a fight. He retired from boxing, became an ordained minister in Houston and founded a youth center. A decade later, the millions he’d made as a boxer gone, Foreman returned to the ring at age 38 and staged a successful comeback. When he won his second heavyweight title in his 1994 fight against Moorer, becoming the WBA and IBF champ, Foreman was wearing the same red trunks he’d had on the night he lost to Ali. Foreman didn’t hang onto the heavyweight mantle for long. In March 1995, he was stripped of his WBA title after refusing to fight No. 1	On This Day 1926: The first greyhound meeting with a mechanical hare took place at Belle Vue, Manchester. 2000: Portugal midfielder Luis Figo, star of Euro 2000, became the world's most expensive footballer when he joined Real Madrid for £37million from Barcelona. 2005: Australia won the first Ashes Test at Lord's by 239 runs. England recovered to win a memorable series 2-1. 2005: Lance Armstrong won a record seventh successive Tour de France - his final Tour before his temporary retirement. He was later stripped of all his titles after evidence of his doping emerged. 2009: England midfielder Steven Gerrard was found not guilty of affray by a jury at Liverpool Crown Court. 2010: Down thrashed Sligo in round four of the SFC qualifiers, winning by 3-20 to 0-10. 2010: Former world snooker champion Alex Higgins died at the age of 61. 2014: Brothers Alastair and Jonny Brownlee finished first and second for England in the Commonwealth Games men's triathlon in Glasgow. Birthdays Zaheer Abbas (cricket) - former Pakistan and Gloucestershire batsman, born 1947. Jim Leighton (soccer) - former Manchester United, Aberdeen and Scotland goalkeeper, born 1958. Barry Bonds (baseball) - controversial former San Francisco Giants star, holder of the all-time record for home runs in Major League, born 1964. Martin Keown (soccer) - former Arsenal and England defender, born 1966. Steven Richardson (golf) - played in 1991 Ryder Cup, born 1966. Dino Baggio (soccer) - former Italy midfielder who had a brief spell on loan at Blackburn in 2003, born 1971. Daniele De Rossi (soccer) - Roma and Italy midfielder, born 1983. Lukas Rosol (tennis) - Czech world number 54, famous for defeating Rafael Nadal at Wimbledon in 2012, born 1985. Quick Quiz Blitz 1 Which three football clubs have won all four English divisional titles? 2 Australia fast bowler Shaun Tait is playing for which county in this summer's NatWest T20 Blast? 3 British number one women's tennis player Johanna Konta was born in which city? 4 Who has been the top jockey at the Cheltenham Festival for eight of the last nine years? 5 Who scored the goal for Tipperary in All-Ireland SFC success over Derry? Sport on TV Today (Sunday, July 24) GAA: The Sunday Game Live - RTE 1 (1.30pm) - Waterford v Wexford (Throw-in 2.00pm) and Galway v Clare (Throw-in 4.00pm); The Sunday Game - RTE 2 - 21.30 SOCCER: International Champions Cup, Inter Milan v Paris St Germain - Sky Sports 1 2200; Euro Under-19s final - Eurosport 1 1905; MLS, New York Red Bulls v New York City FC - Sky Sports 3 1755, Sporting Kansas City v Seattle Sounders - Sky Sports 3 2000; Women's Super League, Notts County v Man City - BT Sport 1 1530. CRICKET: Second Test, England v Pakistan - Sky Sports 2 1030; First Test, West Indies v India - Sky Sports 5 1455. GOLF: PGA Tour, Canadian Open - Sky Sports 4 1800; Senior Open, Carnoustie - Sky Sports 4 1330; LPGA Tour, Scottish Open - Sky Sports 4 1030. CYCLING: Tour de France stage 21 - ITV4 1300, Eurosport 1 1530, ITV4 1200, S4C 1600; Tour de France women's 90km race - Eurosport 1 1330. TENNIS: ATP Tour, Citi Open - Sky Sports 2 2000; WTA Tour - Stanford Classic, BT Sport 1 2200. MOTOR RACING: Formula One, Hungarian Grand Prix race - Channel 4 1200, Sky Sports F1 1230. ATHLETICS: World Junior Championships, Bydgoszcz - Eurosport 2 2115. MOTORCYCLE RACING: British Superbikes - Eurosport 2 1230. DARTS: World Matchplay - Sky Sports 1 1900. SAILING: America's Cup World Series - BT Sport 1 1245. BASEBALL: MLB - BT Sport/ESPN 1800, BT Sport 2 1900, Los Angeles Dodgers v St Louis Cardinals BT Sport/ESPN 0100 (Mon). Tomorrow (Monday, July 25) CRICKET: Fourth day of the second Investec Test from Old Trafford, England v Pakistan - Sky Sports 2 1030; final day of the first Test from North Sound, West Indies v India - Sky Sports 1 1455. SOCCER: Betfred Cup first round, Rangers v Stranraer - BT Sport 1 1915. TENNIS: ATP Tour, Rogers Cup from Toronto - Sky Sports 3 1600; WTA Tour, Rogers Cup from Montreal - BT Sport 2 1730, BT Sport 1 0000 (Tue). CYCLING: Tour de Wallonie stage three - Eurosport 2 1415.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,107	What is the name of the Queen's bodyguard in Scotland?	Rafe Heydel-Mankoo: The Queen's Body Guard for Scotland - The Royal Company of Archers Wednesday, 22 September 2010 The Queen's Body Guard for Scotland - The Royal Company of Archers One of the notable points of Pope Benedict XVI's recent state visit to the United Kingdom was His Holiness's reception by HM The Queen at the Palace of Holyroodhouse. The Holy Father is only the second head of state to have commenced a UK state visit in Scotland (the first was HM The King of Norway). A meeting between the Pontifex Maximus and Vicar of Christ and the Defender of the Faith and Supreme Governor of the Church of England should always be accorded the greatest honour and dignity. Upon his arrival at the Palace the Supreme Pontiff was greeted by a smart row of elderly gentlemen, dandily attired in green tunics, wearing eagle-feathered bonnets and clutching longbows. Many observers, expecting the traditional red-tunic-and-bear-skinned guardsmen of London postcard fame, will have no doubt been perplexed by this sight. This elite band of merry men are part of one of Scotland's most exclusive bodies: The Queen's Body Guard for Scotland - The Royal Company of Archers. The Sovereign’s “Body Guard for Scotland” came into existence in 1676 as a private archery club – a function it maintains to this day. Accorded the title of “The King’s Company of Archers” by the Scottish Privy Council, the Company received its Royal Charter from the last Stuart Sovereign (Queen Anne) in 1704. According to tradition, in exchange for “perpetual access to all public butts, plains and pasturages legally allotted for shootings arrows”, the Royal Company of Archers must, upon request, provide the Sovereign with three arrows. There being no extant “King’s Body Guard for Scotland” in the early nineteenth century, the Royal Company seized the opportunity to provide this service during King George IV’s famous visit to Edinburgh in 1822. In preparation for the visit the Royal Company donned uniforms designed by Walter Scott and swore an oath in the presence of the Duke of Montrose. George IV’s successful visit marked the Royal Company’s debut as escort and bodyguard to the Sovereign. Today the Royal Company’s membership numbers approximately five hundred and thirty. The Officers of the Order include the Captain General (who serves as Gold Stick for Scotland), four Captains, four Lieutenants, four Ensigns and twelve Brigadiers. Members must be Scottish or, in exceptional cases, have a demonstrated connection with Scotland. Knowledge of archery is also an asset. The Royal Company meets and practices archery in Archer’s Hall. The Royal Company’s ceremonial function includes attendance at St. Gile’s Cathedral in Edinburgh for the installation of new Knights of the Thistle, attendance at garden parties at the Palace of Holyroodhouse and attendance at the presentation of Colours for Scottish regiments. The Royal Company’s field uniform consists of a dark green tunic with black facings, dark green trousers and a Balmoral bonnet with the Royal Company’s badge and an eagle feather. As with Clan Chiefs, the Captain General (who carries a stick with a gold top) wears three feathers in his cap. Posted by heydel-mankoo.com at	Mary Queen of Scots (1542-1587) Mary, Queen of Scots Although the Stuart family had gained the Scottish throne through Marjory (daughter of Robert the Bruce), Mary became Queen only because all male alternatives had been exhausted. Princess Mary Stuart was born at Linlithgow Palace, Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland, on December 7 or December 8, 1542 to King James V of Scotland and his French wife, Marie de Guise. The six-day-old Mary became Queen of Scotland when her father died at the age of thirty. James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran was the next in line for the throne after Mary; he acted as regent for Mary until 1554, when he was succeeded by the Queen’s mother, who continued as regent until her death in 1560. When Mary was only nine months old she was crowned Queen of Scotland in the Chapel Royal at Stirling Castle on September 9, 1543. Henry VIII then began his “rough wooing” designed to impose the marriage to his son on Mary. This consisted of a series of raids on Scottish territory and other military actions. It lasted until June 1551, costing over half a million pounds and many lives. In May of 1544, the English Earl of Hertford (later created Duke of Somerset by Edward VI) arrived in the Firth of Forth hoping to capture the city of Edinburgh and kidnap Mary, but Marie de Guise hid her in the secret chambers of Stirling Castle. On September 10, 1547, known as “Black Saturday”, the Scots suffered a bitter defeat at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh. Marie de Guise, fearful for her daughter, sent her temporarily to Inchmahome Priory. The French King, Henri II, was now proposing to unite France and Scotland by marrying the little Queen to his newborn son, the Dauphin François. On July 7, the French Marriage Treaty was signed at a nunnery near Haddington. With her marriage agreement in place, five-year-old Mary was sent to France in 1548 to spend the next ten years at the French court. Vivacious, pretty, and clever (according to contemporary accounts), Mary had a promising childhood. While in the French court, she was a favourite. She received the best available education, and at the end of her studies, she had mastered French, Latin, Greek, Spanish and Italian in addition to her native Scots. She also learned how to play two instruments and learned prose, horsemanship, falconry, and needlework. Under the ordinary laws of succession, Mary was also next in line to the English throne after her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I, who was childless. In the eyes of many Catholics Elizabeth was illegitimate, making Mary the true heir. François died on December 5, 1560. Mary’s mother-in-law, Catherine de Medici, became regent for the late king’s brother Charles IX, who inherited the French throne. Under the terms of the Treaty of Edinburgh, signed by Mary’s representatives on July 6, 1560 following the death of Marie of Guise, France undertook to withdraw troops from Scotland and recognise Elizabeth’s right to rule England. The eighteen-year-old Mary, still in France, refused to ratify the treaty. At Holyrood Palace on July 29, 1565, Mary married Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, a descendant of King Henry VII of England and Mary’s first cousin. The union infuriated Elizabeth, who felt she should have been asked permission for the marriage to even take place, as Darnley was an English subject. Elizabeth also felt threatened by the marriage, because Mary’s and Darnley’s Scottish and English royal blood would produce children with extremely strong claims to both Mary’s and Elizabeth’s thrones. Before long, Mary became pregnant. Darnley became arrogant and demanded power commensurate with his courtesy title of “King”, and on one occasion Darnley attacked Mary and unsuccessfully attempted to cause her to miscarry their unborn child. Darnley was jealous of Mary’s friendship with her private secretary, David Rizzio. On March 9 a group of the lords, accompanied by Darnley, murdered Rizzio in front of Mary while the two were in conference at Holyrood Palace. Following the birth of their son, James, in 1566, a plot was hatched to remove Darnley. He was	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,108	Which Indian was conductor for the Three Tenors concert in Rome in 1990 and in Los Angeles four years later?	The 3 tenors in concert 1994, Los Angeles, full - YouTube The 3 tenors in concert 1994, Los Angeles, full Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Aug 9, 2012 Recorded live on stage on the eve of one of the worlds greatest sporting events, The 3 Tenors in Concert 1994 re-unites four of classical musics premiere and most popular talents. The legendary tenors José Carreras, Plácido Domingo and Luciano Pavarotti, together with conductor Zubin Mehta, celebrated the finale to soccers 1994 World Cup with a concert described as probably the biggest single musical event in history. Brought together for the 1990 World Cup in Italy, The 3 Tenors and Mehta joined forces again, this time in Los Angeles Dodger Stadium on July 16th 1994 with the Los Angeles Philharmonic and the Los Angeles Music Center Opera Chorus, to perform a selection of operatic arias and international favorites specially orchestrated by composer/arranger Lalo Schifrin. The result is an outstanding program, reflecting a unique event, featuring three legendary performers who share a united passion for opera and soccer. Tracklist: 01. 0:00:18 Orchestra / The national anthem of the USA 02. 0:01:48 Orchestra / Candide Overture. Bernstein 03. 0:06:25 Jose Carreras / O Souverain, O Juge, O Pere 04. 0:11:38 Placido Domingo / Quando le sere al placido. Verdi 05. 0:16:59 Luciano Pavarotti / Pourquoi Me Reveiller. Massanet 06. 0:20:07 Jose Carreras / With A Song In My Heart. Rodgers 07. 0:23:53 Placido Domingo / Granada. Lara 08. 0:27:57 Luciano Pavarotti / Non Ti Scordar Di Me. De Curtis 09. 0:31:45 The 3 Tenors / My Way 10. 0:36:00 The 3 Tenors / Moon River 11. 0:37:39 The 3 Tenors / Because 12. 0:40:05 The 3 Tenors / Singin' in the Rain 13. 0:42:41 Orchestra / Marche Hongroise. Berlioz 14. 0:47:31 Jose Carreras / Tu, Ca Nun Chiagne. De Curtis 15. 0:50:42 Placido Domingo / Amor, vida de mi vida. Torroba 16. 0:54:44 Luciano Pavarotti / Ave Maria. Schubert 17. 0:58:59 Jose Carreras / E lucevan le stelle. Puccini 18. 1:02:07 Placido Domingo / Vesti la giubba. Leoncavallo 19. 1:05:09 Luciano Pavarotti / Nessun Dorma. Puccini 20. 1:09:10 The 3 Tenors / America 21. 1:10:09 The 3 Tenors / All I Ask Of You 22. 1:12:09 The 3 Tenors / Funiculi, Funicula 23. 1:13:29 The 3 Tenors / Sous Les Ponts De Paris 24. 1:15:31 The 3 Tenors / Brazil 25. 1:16:58 The 3 Tenors / Be My Love 26. 1:18:47 The 3 Tenors / Marechiare 27. 1:22:02 The 3 Tenors / Lippen Schweigen 28. 1:24:40 The 3 Tenors / Santa Lucia Luntana 29. 1:28:04 The 3 Tenors / Those Were The Days 30. 1:30:30 The 3 Tenors / Te Quiero Dijiste 31. 1:33:59 The 3 Tenors / Torna A Surriento 32. 1:37:57 The 3 Tenors / La Donna E Mobile 33. 1:40:20 The 3 Tenors / Libiamo Ne' Lieti Calici Category	Aldwych Theatre London - plays, musicals, and comedy stage shows at this London theatre Current Show: The transfer from Broadway of the new show Beautiful - the Carole King Musical . A hit at the National Theatre, Sam Mendes' production of Jim Cartwright's play with songs The Rise And Fall Of Little Voice transferred here in October 1992 with the original cast of Alison Steadman, Jane Horrocks and Pete Postlethwaite for a four month run. The next three productions here had a common link - the accomplished (and busy!) actress Margaret Tyzack appeared in all three! First in February 1993 was Nicholas Hytner's five month revival of Noel Coward's comedy The Importance Of Being Earnest starring Maggie Smith as 'Lady Bracknell' with Margaret Tyzack playing 'Miss Prism'; then in August 1993 it was the transfer here from the National Theatre of Stephen Daldry's 'ground-breaking' revival of JB Priestly's An Inspector Calls featuring designs by Ian MacNeil. Margaret Tyzack joined the cast for the West End transfer playing 'Mrs Birling' - the production itself played a succesful 17 month run here at the Aldwych Theatre before it transferred again, this time to the smaller Garrick Theatre in January 1995. Next up in February 1995 was a 'new' play by Tom Stoppard called Indian Ink in which Margaret Tyzack played the sister of the lead character played firstly by Felicity Kendall and then, later in the ten month run, by Niamh Cusack. When Tom Stoppard's play Indian Ink opened much was made in the press of the play's story requiring Felicity Kendall to (very briefly) disrobe in her first stage nude scene. Based on the same background material and story arc as his 1991 radio play In the Native State, one scene common to both, was a description of a series of extraordinary vintage cars which are unseen on stage, but are heard. But this brought complaints from Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, the founder of the National Motor Museum : "When I saw the preview, the sounds did not always match the models. It was a bit irritating, so I offered to match them if Tom changed some of the names." Hence the cars used - a Bentley, a Daimler, an Isotta Fraschini and a Hispano-Suiza - all sounded authentic. January 1996 saw the arrival from America of the new musical The Fields of Ambrosia . Adapted from Garrie Bateson's 1970 film The Traveling Executioner which starred Stacy Keach, this stage musical version featured music by Martin Silvestri and book and lyrics by Joel Higgins, who also starred. Now recognised as one of the West End's 'Top Ten' musical flops of modern times - the Daily Telegraph said: "The show is clearly doomed but you would be a fool to miss it. It is one of the all-time great bad musicals." - the show run for 9 previews and 14 performances before quickly closing. The prolific theatre impresario Bill Kenwright then brought in a hastily mounted revival of Noel Coward's Present Laughter using a pre-existing set from a previous revival of the comedy seen at the Gielgud Theatre in 1993, though with a new cast cast and director. After an eight week run here the production, starring Peter Bowles, transferred to the Wyndham's Theatre for a further eight weeks. James Goldman's new docu-history play Tolstoy , about the relationship between the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy and his wife during the last couple of weeks of his life, opened here in April 1996. The production, which marked the West End debut of F Murray Abraham in the title role, was unfortunately poor received - in The Independent Paul Taylor complained that it was a "woefully bitty and unfocused play... It's just a mess, like the design. The last new piece at the Aldwych was Fields of Ambrosia ; this, another American try-out, is Fields of Ripe Corn," and John Peter in The Sunday Times moaned that "this bland, banal and mind-bendingly tedious play by James Goldman is chiefly remarkable for having absolutely nothing to say about its subject." A hoped for minimum three month run was cut short to just three weeks and the Aldwych Theatre went dark for five months over summer. After a sell-	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,109	What Spanish music form often features palmas (clapping) and pitos (finger snapping)?	Flamenco Glossary of Terms Flamenco Glossary of Terms ›› Learn Flamenco Guitar Now! A � abanico --- fan, rasgueado technique using a triplet pattern of up with the thumb, down with both the middle and ring fingers simultaneously and then back up with the thumb. � afill� --- a type of hoarse, earthy flamenco voice � alante --- stage front � Alegrias --- A joyful dance, in compas of 12 beats, from Cadiz. The main characteristics of this style are the richness of it's guitar accompaniment, the intricacy of the dancing, the demands of the rhythm, and it's lively sound. � alzap�a --- thumb technique that combines a rest stroke with an up and down strum often separated by a slur (ligado) � Andalucia --- Region from southern Spain; birthplace of Flamenco � anular --- ring finger � arpegio --- a chord whose notes are played in succession, not simultaneously � atr�s --- stage rear � bailaor / bailaora --- dancer (male & female) � bout --- body of the guitar � braceo --- movement of the arms during the dance � bulerias --- High-spirited song & dance from Jerez. This developed like Soleares from a simple style. However, unlike Soleares, it has a fast and lively rhythm - indeed, the fastest in all flamenco and provides enormous scope for improvisation on the part of dancers, singers and guitarists. It is wild, frenzied and lively, but nevertheless contains the germ of sorrow that is almost always present in flamenco. C � cabales --- Flamenco experts � caf� cantante --- coffee house with flamenco shows (originally starting with flamenco cante but eventually covering all flamenco forms) � cajon --- percussive instrument similar to an empty wooden box � calo --- language of the gypsies � ca�a --- Ca�a, also very closely related to Soleares, is one of The oldest forms of flamenco, and one of the most pure and beautiful. � cantaor / cantaora --- flamenco singer (male / female) � cante --- song � cante chico --- light song, more frivolous � cante jondo --- deep song covering both the dark and serious aspect of Flamenco � cante grande --- more profound song � carcelera --- type of ton�s sung by incarcerated gypsies � Caracoles --- This is one type of canti� which appeared in Cadiz in the mid-19th century. It became strongly associated with Madrid, although it is essentially from Andalucia, like all flamenco music. Curro Cuchares and El Tato' who worked in the bull-rings and were also good singers took this style to Madrid where it became very popular. Later it was recreated in a masterly way by Antonio Chacon, who gave it its present brilliance and vitality. � cejilla --- capo on a guitar � colombianas --- flamenco style influenced by S.American rhythms � comp�s --- beat, rhythm, measure, the characteristic rhythm of a form � copla --- verse � cuadro --- group of flamenco performers, including dancers singers, and guitarists D � danza mora --- a style influenced by the Moors of N.Africa (stands for Moorish Dance); guitar 6th string tuned to D � debla --- ton� with religious overtones � desplante --- signal given by a dancer, as in "desplante por bulerias" � duende --- the soul force that inspires flamenco art E � estribillo --- similar to the concept of "chorus" in western pop music. i.e verse/chorus..... F � falseta --- a melodic variation played by guitarist � fandango --- a dance from Huelva; cante chico � farruca --- A spectacular male dance, one of the more recent forms of flamenco. Its origin is perhaps in some chants from the North of Spain. As a dance or as a guitar solo, it is a very dramatic piece. � flamenco --- music/dance from Andalucia in Southern Spain. Roots in Indian, Arabic, Spanish cultures. � floreo --- movement of the hands in flamenco dance G � gitano --- gypsy � golpe --- beat, hit, also refers to the technique of tapping the top of the guitar to create additional percussion. � golpeador --- tap plate on a guitar � Granaina --- a libre song form from Granada that is typically in the key of E minor. � guajiras --- a style influenced by Cuban rhythms H J � juerga --- f	Dolmetsch Online - Music Theory Online - Musical Instrument Ranges & Names sounds at written pitch Lyra Viol a small bass viol popular in England during the seventeenth century. It differed otherwise little from the standard bass viol. Its repertory, notated in tablature, is pre-dominantly polyphonic and played mainly with the bow. The sources include pieces for one lyra viol or more, and lyra viol accompaniment for songs, by composers such as Coprario, Jenkins, William Lawes and Tobias Hume. At least 60 different tunings have been noted. Division Viol an English form of bass viola da gamba, used in the seventeenth century for performing free ornamentation by varying given melodies. It was the equivalent of the European viola bastarda, and was smaller than a consort bass viol but larger than a lyra viol. sometimes a seventh string added tuned to A below bass clef sounds at written pitch also sometimes called the 'Viola da Gamba' although strictly all viols are 'da gamba', that is they are played down on the lap or between the player's legs (gamba being the Italian for 'leg' Consort of Viols \| more... the viol consort was introduced to England in the early sixteenth century and was mainstay of domestic music until the middle of the seventeenth century. After the Restoration of Charles II to the throne in 1660, things rapidly changed with the rise in popularity of the violin amongst court musical lfe and amateurs. Composers soon ceased to contribute to the viol consort repertory, with some of Purcell's contemporaries such as Roger North regretting the change. North acknowledged that the violin was 'very excellent in it's kind', but thought that the 'noble Base Viol' embodied all its 'sublimitys'. As North recognised, the viol was not entirely supplanted by the violin in the Restoration period. The bass viol remained in use as a continuo instrument in chamber music until the early eighteenth century, and the instrument acquired a new repertory of solos, duet and trios with continuo. Violone \| more... (Italian, literally 'large viol') in modern terminology, the double bass viol, the direct ancestor of the double bass. Historically, the term has embraced a variety of meanings: any viol, a large viol (in particular a low-pitched viola da gamba), and even (in some Italian sources) the cello. The term is known as early as 1520. Electric Viola da Gamba \| more... one of the most exciting extensions of this remarkable family of bowed stringed instruments, the Ruby Electric Viola da Gamba is a seven-string bass viol. 3 Guitar \| more ... sounds an octave below written pitch. the guitar is a musical instrument, used in a wide variety of musical styles, and is also widely known as a solo classical instrument. It is most recognized in popular culture as the primary instrument in blues, country, flamenco, pop, and rock music. The guitar usually has six strings, but guitars with four, seven, eight, ten, and twelve strings also exist. Guitars are made and repaired by luthiers. Lute \| more ... the name lute refers both to any plucked string instrument with a fretted neck and a deep round back and specifically to an instrument from the family of European lutes. Lute and oud both descend from a common ancestor, with diverging evolutionary paths. The words 'lute' and 'oud' may have derived from Arabic alï¿½ud, "the wood", though recent research by Eckhard Neubauer suggests that ï¿½ud may simply be an Arabized version of the Persian name rud, which meant string, stringed instrument, or lute. Gianfranco Lotti suggests that the "wood" appellation originally carried derogatory connotations, because of proscriptions of all instrumental music in early Islam. The player of a lute is called a lutenist, lutanist or lutist, and a maker of lutes (or any string instrument) is called a luthier. For tuning information on the lute please refer here The archlute is a lute with two pegboxes, the first being used for the main courses of strings (6 to 8 in number) that were played with the fingers of the left hand, and the second holding the longer strings, eith	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,110	The famous BBC Greenwich Meantime hourly signal 'pips' are closest to which musical note (according to ISO 16)?	Dance Website Template - Class Schedules class schedules contact Beginners Introduction To Modern This website template has been designed by Free Website Templates for you, for free. You can replace all this text with your own text. You can remove any link to our website from this website template, you're free to use this website template without linking back to us. If you're having problems editing this website template, then don't hesitate to ask for help on the Forums . Enrollment:June 4-88am-5pmAges 3-5 Mondays to Fridays: 8am- 5pm Saturdays: 10am-5pm	A History of Jazz Music A history of Jazz Music TM, ®, Copyright © 2005 Piero Scaruffi . All rights reserved. All photographs are property of the label/agency that provided them (These are excerpts from my book "A History of Jazz Music" ) Bebop pianists TM, ®, Copyright © 2003 Piero Scaruffi All rights reserved. Just like the saxophone revolution had obscured the double-bass revolution during the swing era, the bebop revolution in playing saxophone and trumpet obscured the revolution in playing the piano. However, it was probably the piano that benefited the most from bebop's harmonic freedom. Once the rhythm section had been opened up, the piano regained the prominence that it had in classical music. Thelonious Monk was not only the most cerebral pianist to enter the history of jazz music but also the greatest composer of the bebop era. Epistrophy (1942) and the immortal Round about Midnight (1944) were composed for the orchestra of Cootie Williams, I Mean You (1946) for Coleman Hawkins' band. 52nd Street Theme (june 1945) became a classic of bebop when it was recorded by Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker. At the same time that his compositions were leaving a mark on the transition from swing to bebop, his piano style (in Coleman Hawkins' band that he had joined in 1944) was confusing the audience. It was a style that sounded outside the jazz tradition, not only eccentric but also laconic, almost counterproductive in the way it emphasized the pauses instead of the rhythm, and clustered chords instead of linear development. His recordings of his own compositions established a higher musical standard than jazz music was used to: Humph (october 1947), based on George Gershwin's I Got Rhythm, and Thelonious (october 1947), that exhibits an almost classical geometry while employing both silence and dissonance, for a piano sextet (Idrees Sulieman on trumpet, Danny Quebec West on alto sax, Billy Smith on tenor sax, Gene Ramey on bass, Art Blakey on drums); Well You Needn't (october 1947), Off Minor (october 1947) and the tender ballad Ruby My Dear (october 1947) for a trio (with Art Blakey on drums); the ballad Monk's Mood (november 1947) for a trumpet-sax-piano quintet; Evidence (july 1948) and the bluesy Misterioso (july 1948) for a piano-based quartet with Milt Jackson on vibraphone. Monk's art was a calibrated balance of deconstruction and estrangement techniques. On one hand, one could still hear elements of stride jazz, boogie-woogie, blues, even nursery rhymes, although they were diluted in an anarchic patchwork of overtones. On the other hand, the listener was disoriented by the fragile, naked ambiguity of the music. That ambiguity would disappear if one could only appreciate the hidden orchestral quality of Monk's piano playing. A piano-based quintet with Jackson on vibraphone, Sahib Shihab on alto sax, Blakey on drums, yielded the romantic ballad Ask Me Now (july 1951), the blues Straight No Chaser (july 1951), Four in One (july 1951) and Criss Cross (july 1951). A quintet with French horn player Julius Watkins, Sonny Rollins on tenor sax, Percy Heath on bass, was immortalized on the album Thelonious Monk and Sonny Rollins (november 1953) with Friday the 13th (1953) and Think of One (1953), based on an ostinato trick similar to Thelonious. Hackensack (may 1954) and Locomotive (may 1954), with a 20-bar chorus, were due to a quintet of trumpet, tenor sax, piano, drums and bass. In the piano-trio format favored by his friend Bud Powell, Monk sculpted Bemsha Swing (december 1952), the Caribbean-sounding Monk's Dream (october 1952), Nutty (september 1954), Blue Monk (september 1954) and the dissonant Work (september 1954). Max Roach drummed on the first one, Blakey on all the others. In the meantime, jazz music had entered the age of the album. his first solo album, Thelonious Monk (1954) offered solo-piano versions of his early classics, including Eronel (1951) and Reflections (1953). After two albums of covers, Monk was allowed to make the album that he was capable of, Brilliant Corners (october 1956), a set of com	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,111	Who became British Prime Minister on the 22nd. January 1924?	The 22nd of January 1924 AD, Ramsay MacDonald becomes Britain's 1st Labour PM Ramsay MacDonald becomes Britain's 1st Labour PM Leicester , Leicestershire The 22nd of January 1924 AD Ramsay MacDonald, an underdog from the start, was an unlikely prime minister. 19th Century Scottish society was woven together with an austere Presbyterian fabric, and as an illegitimate son of farmer John MacDonald and housemaid Anne Ramsay, he stood at a disadvantage. That he would became the Labour Partyï¿½s first prime minister owed much to his socialist principals and adroit electioneering, learned whilst private secretary to Thomas Lough, Liberal MP for West Islington. Reaching the summit of the vertiginous climb of the British parliamentary model, was a statuesque achievement for a humble boy from Lossiemouth . MacDonald became politically active while living in Bristol . There, he joined the Democratic Federation (soon to be the Social Democratic Foundation). Fundamentalist and radical, his membership billeted him in the leftist sphere of political ideology. Moving to London in 1886, MacDonald saw his radicalism wane. But his socialist principals were cast in granite. C.L Fitzgeraldï¿½s Socialist Union heavily influenced Ramsay MacDonald ï¿½s parliamentary standpoint. This was a more pragmatic stance on socialism, endorsing the Westminster model. MacDonaldï¿½s profile soared during his time with Lough. He made connections, alliances with Liberal MPs, pamphleteers and Radical newspapers. As a Fabianist, he would deliver lectures in harmony with Labourï¿½s early leftist manifesto. Elsewhere, the political topography was changing. This was certainly true of the socialist movement, which was now coalescing round organisations like the TUCï¿½s Labour Electoral Association, and Keir Hardie ï¿½s Independent Labour Party. MacDonaldï¿½s positioned himself as potential Labour leader when he was leader of the Labour Representation Committee (LRC). But it wasnï¿½t until 1906 that he won his first seat. His Leicester victory was the product of the Labour/Liberal alliance. Five years later he became leader of the Parliamentary Labour Party. Life was not easy for MacDonald. His wife died, exerting huge personal strain on him. And in resigning from his position before the onset of the First World War he endured a number of personal attacks ï¿½ his illegitimacy was seized upon. In 1922, he was once again leader of the party. Labour were now the preeminent opposition to the Conservatives. By 1924, Labour were in power for the first time. It was all too brief, lasting less than a year after scare stories in the press buried the minority government. But MacDonald had proven that his party were fit for purpose. Socialism and leftist politics were now electable.	The Canadian-born British Prime Minister, Andrew Bonar Law \| Leaders and Legacies Home » Columns » The Canadian-born British Prime Minister, Andrew Bonar Law The Canadian-born British Prime Minister, Andrew Bonar Law September 26, 2014 in Columns , Leaders from History Leave a comment By Arthur Milnes Since his tragic death in 1923, only months after he became Britain’s prime minister, Andrew Bonar Law (who served only 209 days in the UK’s top political job) has not done well in the historical sweepstakes. Despite his significance in British politics during the early part of the 20th century, especially considering his service as Tory leader in the run-up to the First World War and beyond, he has, sadly, remained, “The Unknown Prime Minister.” This sad descriptive is said to have been bequeathed him by Herbert Henry Asquith the very day Bonar Law was interred at Westminster Abbey. Asquith is reputed to have remarked it was very fitting the “Unknown Prime Minister” was buried near the Unknown Soldier in the Abbey. Few biographies have been written, and his name is rarely invoked by either historians or his heirs to leadership in the modern-day British Conservative party. Since the Brits have done as much as possible to forget him, it high time we Canadians fill the void. Bonar Law, after all, was the only British prime minister to have been born in Canada — and the only one ever born outside the U.K. It also has to be noted that his closest friend in adult life was none other than his fellow Canadian Max Aitken, known in British society, and now, before history, as Lord Beaverbrook. We should start the campaign to repatriate Bonar Law’s historical reputation back to Canada, where at least we do our best to honour it already. The Presbyterian manse in Rexton, N.B., where the future statesman of Britain and Empire was born on Sept. 16, is already a historic site. (It was called Kingston at the time of Bonar Law’s birth). It is proudly funded by the residents of the tiny village and a few years back the provincial government of New Brunswick provided a generous infusion of funds. (Bonar Law’s father ministered to the congregation there for more than 30 years). Open from June until mid-September each year, the Bonar Law Historic Site, restored to interpret life on a 19th century working farm in Canada, boasts free admission, offers guided tours in French or English, has a gift shop, and has a place where visitors can picnic. Thanks to concern for the historical memory of a British prime minister, visitors to the Canadian site will continue in the years ahead to learn about the early years of a British PM. The site is located on Andrew Bonar Law Avenue and features a cairn to honour Bonar Law, which was unveiled in 1925. Though the population of Rexton is only about 1,000 people, the village’s website proudly trumpets the fact that a British prime minister was born there and villagers have taken the time to place a biography of Bonar Law on their homepage. It might not be Trafalgar Square or Chartwell, but it is something. So, I have to ask my British friends the age-old question: What have you done for Bonar Law lately? Canada’s Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, has done his part. During his historic address to the British Parliament in 2013, Harper invoked Bonar Law. “Some will tell you that I am the second Canadian Prime Minister to address the British Parliament,” he said, ““the truth be told, I am the third. It is true that William Lyon Mackenzie King was the only other Prime Minister of Canada to address a gathering such as this. But Andrew Bonar Law often addressed this Parliament, during the 1920s, in his capacity as Prime Minister of Great Britain. And he was also Canadian, born in New Brunswick, just a few leagues removed from the place where my own ancestors settled after arriving from England in 1774.” While visiting London a few years ago, I stood in awe at Westminster Abbey, breathing in millennia of British history in that hallowed place. During a special moment on the tour for me as a Canadian, I was able to l	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,112	In which opera does the character Scarpia appear?	Tosca \| The Opera 101 The Opera 101 Fill out the fields below to contact us! Your name * Recordings About Tosca is one of the most lethal of operas. None of the central characters make it to the end alive, hero or villain. Unsurprisingly then, it's a thrilling melodrama often dismissed as one-dimensional and tawdry. You’d be foolish to go in with this attitude however, Puccini takes an overtly theatrical tale and makes it astonishingly moving. Tosca is fundamentally historical fiction, a vague knowledge of the period is highly useful, though it is very much the 18th Century as seen through 19th Century eyes. Luckily it still works as seen through 21st Century eyes because at its core, Tosca is tale of romance over politics; featuring a heroic painter, a despicable ruler and an opera superstar, Tosca herself! Productions of Tosca can go a variety of ways though predominantly it remains an opera that is staged fairly literally. Expect a big church to open the evening and an impressive battlement to close it. Characters A sweet, bumbly priest who gets his facts badly wrong in Act I. Synopsis Act I - Running Time: 45 mins We begin in Sant'Andrea della Valle, a large church in Rome. Angelotti comes pelting in, he has just escaped from prison, and hides in a small, private chapel within the church. Our hero for the evening, Cavaradossi enters to resume his work. He is a painter and has been commissioned to paint a picture of Mary Magdalene for the church. The scristan bumbles about and offers Cavaradossi some food, which he refuses. Cavaradossi gets his first big aria of the evening, “Recondita Armonia”. Jonas Kaufmann sings "Recondita Armonia" Angelotti bursts out, revealing himself to Cavaradossi. They are old friends but as Cavaradossi is on the brink of assisting Angelotti, who should show up but Tosca herself. Cavaradossi quickly gives Angelotti his food and hides him away again. The jealous Tosca is convinced she overheard Cavaradossi talking to someone, believing it to be another woman. She sees Cavaradossi's new painting, recognizing the image as that of Marchesa Attavanti and turns jealous again. Cavaradossi calms her down with “Qual’occhio al mondo”, what eyes in the world could compare to hers! Tosca (Karita Matilla) and Cavaradossi (Marcelo Álvarez), Met Opera She leaves, still demanding that he change the eyes, and Angelotti reappears. Cavaradossi shows him a secret way out and gives him a key to his villa, informing him of a hiding place in the well of the garden. Cannon fire is heard, announcing the escape of a prisoner (Angelotti), Angelotti quickly flees. Scarpia (Falk Struckmann), Metropolitan Opera The sacristan returns with the church choristers, celebrating the news that Napoleon has been defeated. However things quickly turn sour as Scarpia arrives with his lackeys. They believe Angelotti is hiding in the church and searching the place find the empty food basket and a fan belonging to Attavanti. Scarpia interrogates the sacristan and learning Cavaradossi has been here, becomes convinced that he is on the right track. Tosca comes back looking for Cavaradossi. Scarpia connives to make her jealous by showing her the Attavanti fan. He succeeds and Tosca leaves to confront Cavaradossi unaware that she is to be followed by Scarpia’s men. A truly epic scene of gloating is delivered by Scarpia culminating in the magnificent, “Te Deum”. Act II - Running Time: 40 mins It is later the same day and the curtain rises on Scarpia’s apartment. He has been unable to find Angelotti but has arrested Cavaradossi and sent a note for Tosca to come to his apartment. Cavaradossi is dragged in and interrogated. He reveals nothing and as Tosca arrives he is taken away to be tortured. In his parting words he tells Tosca to tell Scarpia nothing, no matter his suffering. Cavaradossi Sings his joy, Sarasota Opera Tosca initially resists Scarpia but after hearing Cavaradossi’s screams of pain she crumbles and reveals the location of Angelotti. Cavaradossi is dragged back in and upon hearing that Tosca has broken, he is absolutely devas	Love Never Dies (2012 film sequel to the 2004 film) \| Phantom of the Opera \| Fandom powered by Wikia Phantom of the Opera Love Never Dies (2012 film sequel to the 2004 film) 74pages on Share Love Never Dies is a romantic musical with music by Andrew Lloyd Webber, lyrics by Glenn Slater with additional lyrics by Charles Hart, and book by Lloyd Webber and Ben Elton, with additional material by Slater and Frederick Forsyth. It is a sequel to Lloyd Webber's long-running musical The Phantom of the Opera.[1] The musical is set in 1907,[2] which Lloyd Webber states is, "ten years roughly after the end of the originalPhantom,"[3] although the events of the original actually took place in 1881.[4] Christine Daaé is invited to perform at Phantasma, a new attraction in Coney Island, by an anonymous impresario and, with her husband Raoul and son Gustave in tow, journeys to Brooklyn, unaware that it is the Phantom who has arranged her appearance in the popular beach resort. Although Lloyd Webber began working on Love Never Dies in 1990, it was not until 2007 that he began writing the music. The musical opened at the Adelphi Theatre in the West End on 9 March 2010 with previews from 22 February 2010. It was originally directed by Jack O'Brien and choreographed by Jerry Mitchell, however the show closed for four days in November 2010 for substantial re-writes, which were overseen by Lloyd Webber, and it opened with new direction from Bill Kenwright. Set and costume designs were by Bob Crowley.[5] The original London production received mostly negative reviews,[6][7] however, the subsequent Australian production featuring an entirely new design team and heavy revisions was generally better received. The planned Broadway production, which was to have opened simultaneously with the West End run, was delayed and then indefinitely postponed.[8] Contents Edit Andrew Lloyd Webber first began plans for a sequel to his 1986 hit musical, The Phantom of the Opera, in 1990.[10] Following a conversation with Maria Björnson, the designer of The Phantom of the Opera, Lloyd Webber decided that, were a sequel to come about, it would be set in New York City at the turn of the 20th century. One of his ideas was to have Phantom live above ground in Manhattan's first penthouse, but he rejected this when he saw a TV documentary about the Coney Island fairground.[10] Lloyd Webber began collaborating with author Frederick Forsyth on the project, but it soon fell apart as Lloyd Webber felt the ideas they were developing would be difficult to adapt for a stage musical. Forsyth went on to publish some of the ideas he had worked on with Lloyd Webber in 1999 as a novel entitled The Phantom of Manhattan.[11] Lloyd Webber returned to the project in 2006, collaborating with a number of writers and directors. However, he still did not feel the ideas he had were adaptable into a piece of musical theatre.[12] Finally, in early 2007, Lloyd Webber approached Ben Elton (who had served as the librettist for Lloyd Webber's The Beautiful Game) to help shape a synopsis for a sequel, based on Lloyd Webber's initial ideas. Elton's treatment of the story focused more on the original characters of The Phantom of the Opera and omitted new characters that Lloyd Webber and Forsyth had developed.[12] Lloyd Webber was pleased with Elton's treatment and began work on the sequel.[11] In March 2007, he announced he would be moving forward with the project.[13] The Daily Mail announced in May 2007 that the sequel would be delayed, because Lloyd Webber's six-month-old kitten Otto, a rare-breed Turkish Van, climbed onto Lloyd Webber'sClavinova digital piano and managed to delete the entire score. Lloyd Webber was unable to recover any of it from the instrument, but was eventually able to reconstruct the score.[14][15] In 2008, Lloyd Webber first announced that the sequel would likely be called Phantom: Once Upon Another Time,[16] and the first act was performed at Lloyd Webber's annual Sydmonton Festival. The Phantom was played by Ramin Karimloo and Raoul was played by Alistair Robbins.[17]	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,113	"According to Tennyson in ""The Passing of Arthur"", which knight stayed with the dying King Arthur to the end and threw the sword Excalibur into the lake?"	Full text of "Notes on Tennyson's Coming and Passing of Arthur" See other formats m 1^ f i ^ i ^ s 1"- 1 1 w ^CD > CO J ■-*^ •"— - ■ I •ayho-ali, Walter Notes on Tennyson ' s Co'nini ,v.-i r, IS sing ^hc 3. C. Saul Collection of IMinctecnth Ccnturp JEiiGliBb literature IPuichaseD in part tLn-oiuib a contiilnition to tbe XUn-ar\\? jfunOs maOe bv? tbc Bepavtincnt of EnoHsb in XHnlPersttp Collcoc N OXE S OS JennYson's Soming and ?a5sing ... of Arthur . . . T3l2c: • Vr- NORMAL TUTORIAL SERIES . Edited by 1'. Lvi,i,c,.N.l{oBKKTs, A.C.R, etc., and Professor E. E. Dknnfy. No ON 5'ennYson'3 eorriing and 5a5sing of y\\.rthur. 2Y W. RAYBOULD, B.A. (Lond.), Lecturer ui i'.T. Centre. THIRD EDITION lonOoii : THK NORMAL PRESS, LTD.. 110, Avondale Square, S.E., and 47, Melford Road, E. Dulwich, S.E. All Right Rcxerved. CiZs PREFACE The tommg and The Passing of Arthur may be read as separate poe.ns and enjoyed for their perfectL of literary v,..kmaush,p. To rea<l the.n in tl.is fashion, however, would b.> about as sat.sfymg as to read the rtrst and the last d.apte of a hne novel, and would be also an injustice to the poet To understand r.^htly their inter-relation, and to appree ate 'fully their n.oral purpose, the eternal war of Soul a^ahfst S.„.se can come only trom reading the HylU of the Kuuj, for which these poems serve as a framework. .So far as is possible, these ncS besuk.s treating these two poems fully as separate poems, afm at an exposition of their relations with each other ^s declared by the intervening Idylls. Such an exposition is nece.ssari y ^astIy inferior to the poefs own, and the student preparin.. for examination ought to regard as obligatory the reachng o? the complete work He need not trouble about the allegory. As a distinguished critic said of Spenser's Faerw Q^el. the allegory But he cannot fail to catch the lofty spirituality winch IS the essence of the allegory, and which s always manifest, be the allegory never so obscure. Moreover, as is s^iown m the notes, much contained in both The Coming and The Insstng, e.g., allusions to ,>ersons and incidents, is l,est explained by reference to the Idylls; and extracts, however useful, lose some part of their illumination when severed from tlieir context. Where recourse has been had to other editions, due recoc. nition has been paid where the citations occur. Students who wish to pursue their study of the Idylls further cannot do better than read the authorities indicated. CONTENTS. Life of Tennyson, 1809—1892 Estimate of Tennyson Tho Artliurian Stoiy The Idylls of the King Style of the Idylls ... Metre of the Idylls ... Figures of Speech Chief Characters Summary of the Poems Notes on The Coming of Arthur Notes on The Passing of Arthur Glossary Examination Test Papers PAGPT 7 11 15 19 27 28 31 33 37 42 56 71 74 NOTES ■ ■ N 1 U K eoming and Massing of 5\\.rthur. LIFE OF TENNYSON, 1809-1892. Alfred Tennyson was born on August 6tli, 1«09, at Somersby, iu Lincolnshire, a tiuy village " in a pretty pastoral district of softly sloping hills and large ash trees." His father, Dr. Tennyson, Rector of Somersby, was a man of tall, stately figure, a linguist, and something of a poet, artist, and musician.'^ His mother, daughter of the Rev. Stephen Fytche. Vicar of Louth, was a sweet and gracious lady, full of kindness and sympathy. Alfred was one of twelve children, seven of them sons, three of whom— Frederick. Charles, and Alfred— became poets. Their home life was singularly happy. The family was closely knit by affection and by common intellectual tastes. Story-telling, verse-making, imaginative games, were the favourite amusements of the boys from an early age. Alfred's first schooling was got at a village school in a glen near tlie rectory. At the tender age of seven he left home for Louth, w	Merlin, King Arthur, Gawain, Launcelot, Geraint, Tristram, Percivale, the Grail Quest, and the Passing of Arthur's Realm Merlin, King Arthur, Gawain, Launcelot, Geraint, Tristram, Percivale, the Grail Quest, and the Passing of Arthur's Realm Bookmark this page Manage My Reading List Summary King Vortigern's fortress in Snowdon kept tumbling each night after expert masons had worked on it. His wizards advised him to find a youth that never had a father and sprinkle his blood on the foundations. After looking throughout Britain Vortigern's men found such a youth in Wales, Merlin. In Vortigern's court Merlin's mother testified that Merlin's father had been a spirit, an incubus. In the face of imminent death Merlin appeared unafraid. He told the king that an underground lake prevented the fortress from standing. When he had given directions for the draining of the lake Merlin prophesied that two dragons lay asleep on the bottom, a red one and a white one. The dragons were duly found, and they awoke and began fighting. The red dragon won. Vortigern asked what this meant, and Merlin told him he would soon be defeated and killed. Ambrosius landed the next day and proceeded to conquer Britain. Merlin retired from public view until King Ambrosius wanted to build a great memorial. Ambrosius sent for the magician, who advised him to obtain the Dance of Giants stones from Ireland. Ambrosius' brother, Uther Pendragon, then defeated the Irish. With Merlin's help the huge stones were taken back to England and set up at Stonehenge. With the memorial completed, Merlin saw a blazing star in the shape of a dragon, an omen foretelling Ambrosius' death, the kingship of Uther Pendragon, and a future king — Uther's son — who would prove to be the greatest sovereign Britain would ever have. At King Uther's coronation feast he fell in love with Ygraine, the wife of Gorlois, the Duke of Cornwall. Scandalously he showered her with attention, until Gorlois took Ygraine and his troops back to Cornwall and prepared for war. The heart-stricken Uther called his council, which advised him to call Gorlois back to court. If he refused to come Uther should lay siege to Cornwall, and that is what occurred. Uther trapped Gorlois in the castle Dimilioc, whereas Ygraine was at Tintagel, an impregnable castle. The king finally turned to Merlin for help. By magic Merlin turned Uther into the likeness of Gorlois. He also changed himself and another into likenesses of Gorlois' comrades. By this strategem they gained access to Tintagel, where Uther slept with Ygraine, who conceived Arthur that night. The next morning news arrived that Gorlois had been slain in battle the previous day. Uther confessed to the imposture and married Ygraine shortly thereafter. Uther had promised Merlin that he might have the infant born to Ygraine. So when Arthur was born he was handed over to Merlin, who placed him with the knight Sir Ector. Merlin tutored the boy, and at the age of fifteen Arthur became the king of Britain. King Uther had left no other male heirs. Arthur took Merlin as his adviser, aide, and soothsayer, and the wizard foretold much that would happen to Arthur. In his old age Merlin fell hopelessly in love with a young woman, Vivian, to whom he taught all the secrets of magic in return for her love. After learning his magical arts the thankless girl cast a spell on him that left Merlin imprisoned in a tower or a cave. Merlin will awaken, however, when King Arthur rises again to lead Britain through a period of her greatest peril. Arthur was reared by Sir Ector, whom he believed to be his natural father. King Uther had died in the meantime and for years Britain was torn by feuds over the kingship. Bishop Brice prayed one Christmas for a means by which a king might be chosen. Immediately a sword stuck in an anvil placed in a stone block appeared in the churchyard. An inscription read that the person to pull the sword loose would be king. So all the nobles tried and failed. Sir Ector brought his son, Sir Kay, and his foster son, Arthur, to the London festivities. S	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,114	What German word refers to a 'double' of a living person, often an evil version?	Doppelg�nger - TV Tropes "Talk about being your own worst enemy." — Lara Croft in Tomb Raider (after sending a mutant copy of herself into a lava pit) Doppelgänger, with an umlaut and a majuscule, is the German word for a ghostly double of a living person or more commonly simply a word for someone looking exactly like someone else, i.e. an impostor or double. It means "double (walker)", in the original. It is often said that one who sees their own Doppelgänger will die soon. In fiction, this is usually because they kill you themselves and take your place . Traditionally, Doppelgängers have strange, supernatural origins, unlike twins which usually have more natural explanations. A Mirror Universe , Cloning , alien intervention, and magic are all possible sources of a Doppelgänger. For purposes of clarity, this index includes both mundane and supernatural impersonators of a character. For twins related by blood, see Twin Tropes . See also Disguise Tropes . If a good character has an evil Doppelgänger, the Doppelgänger is an Evil Twin . Specific types of Doppelgängers include:	Issues & Alibis Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker wins the coveted "Vidkun Quisling Award!" John Nichols visits, "In The Courts Of Fitzwalkerstan." Glenn Greenwald reviews, "Primitive Muslims' Unique Love Of Violence." And finally in the 'Parting Shots' department The Onion finds, "Even Newt Gingrich A Little Depressed By Prospect Of Him Running For President" but first, Uncle Ernie is, "Giving Medicine To The Dead." This week we spotlight the cartoons of Gary Markstein , with additional cartoons, photos and videos from Derf City, Married To The Sea, Bill Day, Jim Morin, Mario Piperni.Com, Stuart Carlson, Chicago Ray, A.P., Columbia Pictures Corporation, You Tube.Com and Issues & Alibis.Org. Plus we have all of your favorite Departments... (All together now) All Together Now ~~~ The Beatles To be honest politically these daze one can not be either a Rethuglican or a Demoncrat as there is really no difference between the two; they both work for our corpo-rat masters and couldn't give a rat's ass about we the people. The trouble is their followers haven't a clue that this is so. The Matrix is so warm, fuzzy, and comforting--and to think outside of it is very scary and delusional, indeed. Waking up to "Everything You Know Is Wrong," can be a bit disquieting! It's been obvious to me for years that the Rethuglican camp followers were this way, brainwashed and totally ignorant of reality, but in the last few years I found it to be exactly the same for Demoncratic camp followers, too. Although they had no problem seeing the treason, sedition, war crimes, and crimes against humanity, not to mention crimes against the Constitution, done by the Bush Junta, one would've thought they could see the exact same crimes, whether committed by Slick Willie or Obamahood, too; but, apparently, they can't. It's as simple as they see things as good or evil with no shades of grey. They were against Bush who was evil; ergo, they are good and their candidate is good, too, by association. After all, he said he was for all the things that I believe in. Yes, it's really that simple. Symbolism! It's also true that Symbolism is for the symbol-minded, please excuse the pun, but it's true. We come by it honestly as we've been fooled by our government since our first revolution. A revolution that brought democracy to this land; except, of course, that it didn't, nor was it ever meant to. It was our corporations rebelling against the British corporations; King George and democracy never entered into it! A school system that has never taught what children need to know, i.e., how to think, but instead a fantasy history complete with morals that enslave instead of liberate! You don't need to know the truth about the world; all you need to know is how to be a good little robot and fill your cog in the wheel of industry! This has been reinforced by the family, the schools, the churches and mass media. So I'm not surprised by our incredible blindness of the big picture; what I am surprised by is how many people have unhooked themselves from the Matrix, and have the guts to speak out about it! When I started the magazine my hope was to unhook as many folks from the Matrix as I could and show them the facts, but that never really worked as the truth is scary, and being plugged in can be so nice, and reality is such a bitch! Therefore, over the years, I stopped trying to save the Sheeple, but sought out others, who, like myself, knew the score and had the courage to say so. These are the people I reach out to for a chance to teach them, and, more importantly, a chance to learn from them. I learned a long time ago if you just shut the f*ck up and listen, you just might learn something! While it's true that you can't put two leftists in the same room for ten minutes without an argument breaking out, that's just a sign of a healthy mind. Asking, questioning, arguing and picking nits is a good thing! Those who never question authority, go along with the party, and never even think, end up wearing brown shirts and Jack Boots! So it may be best to try and stay out of thei	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,115	What kind of extraterrestrial objet has been named after the 17th-century astronomer Edmond Halley?	Astronomy - 2 \| Britannica.com Astronomy science that encompasses the study of all extraterrestrial objects and phenomena. Browse Subcategories: (243) Displaying 1 - 100 of 800 results 51 Pegasi fifth-magnitude star located 48 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Pegasus, the first sunlike star confirmed to possess a planet. 51 Pegasi, which has physical properties (luminosity and temperature, for example) very similar to those of... 61 Cygni first star whose distance from Earth was measured. German astronomer Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel obtained a value of 10.3 light-years in 1838; the European Space Agency satellite Hipparcos made much more accurate distance measurements than ground-based... Abūʾl-Wafāʾ a distinguished Muslim astronomer and mathematician, who made important contributions to the development of trigonometry. Abūʾl-Wafāʾ worked in a private observatory in Baghdad, where he made observations to determine, among other astronomical parameters,... accretion disk a disklike flow of gas, plasma, dust, or particles around any astronomical object in which the material orbiting in the gravitational field of the object loses energy and angular momentum as it slowly spirals inward. In astrophysics, the term accretion... Achernar brightest star in the constellation Eridanus and the ninth brightest star in the sky. Achernar (Arabic for “end of the river”) is 144 light-years from Earth. It is a binary star with a B-type star, Achernar A, as its primary and a much fainter A-type... Adams, John Couch British mathematician and astronomer, one of two people who independently discovered the planet Neptune. On July 3, 1841, Adams had entered in his journal: “Formed a design in the beginning of this week of investigating, as soon as possible after taking... Adams, Walter American astronomer who is best known for his spectroscopic studies. Using the spectroscope, he investigated sunspots and the rotation of the Sun, the velocities and distances of thousands of stars, and planetary atmospheres. Born of missionary parents... Airy, Sir George Biddell English scientist who was astronomer royal from 1835 to 1881. Airy graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1823. He became Lucasian professor of mathematics at Cambridge in 1826 and Plumian professor of astronomy and director of the Cambridge observatory... Aitken, Robert Grant American astronomer who specialized in the study of double stars, of which he discovered more than 3,000. From 1891 to 1895 Aitken was professor of mathematics and astronomy at the University of the Pacific, Stockton, Calif. In 1895 he joined the staff... Akiyama Toyohiro Japanese journalist and television reporter, the first Japanese citizen and the first journalist to travel into space. Akiyama was also the first fare-paying civilian passenger (nonprofessional astronaut) to participate in a spaceflight. Akiyama earned... Al Saud, Sultan ibn Salman the first Saudi Arabian citizen, the first Arab, the first Muslim, and the first member of a royal family to travel into space. Educated in the United States, Sultan received a degree in mass communications from the University of Denver (Colorado) and... al-Ḥanafī, ʿAlam al-Dīn Egyptian mathematician, astronomer, and engineer. He wrote a treatise on Euclid’s postulates, built water mills and fortifications on the Orontes River, and constructed the second-oldest existing Arabic celestial globe. Alcock, George Eric Deacon British schoolteacher and amateur astronomer who was ranked as one of the world’s finest amateur astronomers; his 10 major discoveries exceeded the previous record of 8 discoveries made by 18th-century English astronomer Caroline Herschel. Despite the... Alcor from Arabic “Faint One” star with apparent magnitude of 4.01. Alcor makes a visual double with the brighter star Mizar in the middle of the handle of the Big Dipper (Ursa Major). The two are 1.2 light-years apart and may be gravitationally bound to each... Aldebaran Arabic “The Follower” reddish giant star in the constellation Taurus. Aldebaran is one of the 15 brightest stars,	YouTube Undo Close "Dr Hook ~ Sy..." The YouTube account associated with this video has been terminated due to multiple third-party notifications of copyright infringement. Sorry about that.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,116	What make and model car did James Bond drive in the 1962 film ‘Dr No’?	Dr. No (1962) - FAQ The content of this page was created directly by users and has not been screened or verified by IMDb staff. Visit our FAQ Help to learn more FAQ How much sex, violence, and profanity are in this movie? For detailed information about the amounts and types of (a) sex and nudity, (b) violence and gore, (c) profanity, (d) alcohol, drugs, and smoking, and (e) frightening and intense scenes in this movie, consult the IMDb Parents Guide for this movie. The Parents Guide for Dr. No can be found here . What is 'Dr. No' about? When Jamaica-based British Intelligence agent John Strangways disappears while investigating toppling interference with the launching of U.S. Cape Canaveral rockets, the head of the British Secret Service, known only as M ( Bernard Lee ), sends MI6 agent 007 James Bond ( Sean Connery ) to investigate. Bond discovers that Strangways had recently sent for analysis a soil sample from Crab Key, an island owned by mysterious Dr. Julius No ( Joseph Wiseman ), and hires local fisherman Quarrel ( John Kitzmiller ) to take him there where they encounter seashell-collecting beauty Honey Ryder ( Ursula Andress ), a fire-breathing dragon, and a plan by SPECTRE (SPecial Executive for Counter-intelligence, Terrorism, Revenge, and Extortion) to disrupt the Project Mercury space launch from Cape Canaveral with his atomic-powered radio beam. Is "Dr. No" based on a book? All of the James Bond movies are based, in some part, upon novels by British author Ian Fleming [1908-1964]. Dr. No is based on Fleming's 1958 novel of the same name. It was adapted for the screen by American screenwriters Richard Maibaum, Johanna Harwood, and Berkeley Mather. What is the very first glimpse we have of Sean Connery as James Bond? Our very first glimpse of Sean Connery as James Bond is of the back of his head as he is sitting at a baccarat chemin de fer table at Club Cercle, a gentlemen's club. He makes a comment to one of the other players, Sylvia Trench ( Eunice Gayson ), who is losing to him. She then asks his name, and he replies in his signature way, "Bond...James Bond." Many fans and critics like the way the scene was shot, with the camera following Bond's cigarette from the ashtray up to his mouth, revealing Connery's face. Dr No says that he is with SPECTRE. What is SPECTRE? SPECTRE stands for "The SPecial Executive for Counterintelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion." SPECTRE is an international terrorist organization run by Ernst Stavro Blofeld. Its members were recruited from the Gestapo, Smersh, the Mafia, and the Union Corse among others. With the exception of Goldfinger (1964), all of the Bond villains from 1962-71 came from this organization. After 1971, SPECTRE no longer appears in the Bond movies because of a lawsuit brought by film-maker Kevin McClory . McClory had worked with Ian Fleming to create what was to be the first 007 movie. It was scrapped, however, and Fleming went on to use various ideas from the abandoned film, such as SPECTRE. The movies altered the storylines to include SPECTRE, as when Dr No says that he is with SPECTRE. McClory later sued for the rights to Blofeld and SPECTRE. Thus, they had to stop using SPECTRE in the movies. This is also what enabled McClory to make the "unofficial" Bond movie, Never Say Never Again (1983). Why is Dr. No "toppling" moon rockets? The only explanation the film offers is Dr. No's anger at the US for rejecting his services and the presence of men in "Red China" uniforms in the background of the nuclear reactor. Another possible motive, given Jamaica's proximity to Cuba, is to trigger war between the USA and that nation by framing the Cubans for sabotage. Why does Bond place a hair across the doors of the closet in his hotel room? It's an old trick to see if anyone had opened them in order to snoop around in his personal belongings. Bond's enemies know he's on Jamaica & know precisely where he's staying and, more importantly, Bond knows this himself. So as an extra precaution, he rigs the doors. If they doors were opened, the hair would likely fall off	Parodies & Imitations \| James Bond Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia [ show ] Novels and Comic Books The Book of Bond, or, Every Man His Own 007, sanctioned by Glidrose Productions , official Bond novel publishers, is a tongue-in-cheek guide to being a superspy. It was credited to "Lt.-Col. William 'Bill' Tanner" (a literary Fleming character), but was actually written by Kingsley Amis , who would later go on to write the Bond novel, Colonel Sun under another pseudonym, Robert Markham . The book's first hardcover edition had a false slipcover giving the title as The Bible to be Read as Literature (in the novel From Russia with Love , a fake book with this title hides a gun). Michael K. Frith and Christopher B. Cerf of the Harvard Lampoon wrote Alligator, by "In Flmng" in 1962. Another "Jmes Bnd" story titled "Toadstool" appeared in a Playboy magazine parody published by the Lampoon. Rumour has it this has not been reprinted because of plagiarism issues (some sections are very close to Fleming.) The cover of Alligator parodies the Signet Books paperback covers used for the Fleming novels in the 1960s, including a short Flmng biography, and a bibliography of nonexistent Bnd novels: Lightningrod, For Tomorrow We Live, The Chigro of the Narcissus, Toadstool, Doctor Popocatapetl, From Berlin, Your Obedient Servant, Monsieur Butterfly, and Scuba Do - Or Die. There exists a very short book titled Pussy L'amour and the Three Bears, starring James Bear. Although the book James Bond: The Legacy mentions it, one known copy exists, and belongs to the owner of Bondian.com. Sol Weinstein wrote four novels about Israel Bond, Agent Oy-Oy-Seven, beginning in 1965: (i) Loxfinger, (ii) Matzohball, (iii) In the Secret Service of His Majesty – the Queen, and (iv) You Only Live Until You Die. As with the Harvard Lampoon volumes mentioned above, the covers of the American editions of the first three Israel Bond books were also based upon the cover designs Signet Books used for Fleming's Bond novels. Cyril Connolly wrote the short story "Bond Strikes Camp", satirizing a homosexual relationship between M and Bond. William Henley Knoles, under the pseudonym "Clyde Allison", wrote a 20-novel series between 1965 and 1968, about Agent 0008, a thinly disguised version of Bond. The books were more stories of action and softcore S&M, than legitimate satire, but their scarcity makes them sought-after Bond collectibles. The series included: (i)Our Man From Sadisto, (ii) Our Girl From Mephisto, (iii) Nautipuss, (iv) Go-Go Sadisto, (v) The Desdamona Affair, (vi) Gamefinger, (vii) Sadisto Royale, (viii) 0008 Meets Gnatman, (ix) For Your Sighs Only, (x) The Lust Bomb, (xi) The Merciless Mermaids, (xii) Mondo Sadisto, (xiii) 0008 Meets Modesta Blaze (also parodying comic strip heroine Modesty Blaise), (xiv) The Sex-Ray, (xv) Roburta The Conqueress, (xvi) From Rapture With Love, (xvii) The Ice Maiden, (xviii) The Sin Funnel, (xix) Platypussy, and (xx) The Desert Damsels. An Agent 00004 appeared in the science fiction epic The Illuminatus! Trilogy by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson, published in the early 1970s. This character, named Fission Chips, is a somewhat dim-witted Englishman working for British Intelligence, taking orders from a superior named "W." He is obsessed with an organization known as " B.U.G.G.E.R. " which he might have completely fabricated. Bridge experts Philip and Robert King wrote a collection of bridge game-related short stories titled Your Deal, Mr. Bond; the title story features 007. (This shouldn't be confused with the official Bond novel, No Deals, Mr. Bond by John Gardner . Kim Newman's Anno Dracula novel Dracula Cha-Cha-Cha features a vampire agent of the Diogenes Club named "Hamish Bond". The segments of the novel featuring this character are filled with references to the James Bond novels and films, including chapters titled "On Her Majesty's Secret Service", "From Bavaria with Love", "Live and Let Die" and "The Living Daylights". Bond's archenemy is a vampiric Blofeld , (although there's a twist), and an alteration in h	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,117	Who was on the British throne when Balmoral Castle was purchased?	1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Balmoral Castle - Wikisource, the free online library 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Balmoral Castle 312943 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica , Volume 3 — Balmoral Castle BALMORAL CASTLE (Gaelic, "the majestic dwelling"), a private residence of the British sovereign, in the parish of Crathie and Braemar, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, on the right bank of the Dee (here spanned by a fine suspension bridge), 9 m. W. of Ballater and at a height of 900 ft. above the sea. The property formerly belonged to the Farquharsons of Inverey, from whom it was acquired by Sir Robert Gordon, whose trustees disposed of the lease in 1848 to the prince consort, by whom the whole estate was purchased in 1852 and bequeathed to Queen Victoria. The castle is built of granite in the Scots baronial style, with an eastern tower 100 ft. high commanding a superb view—Ballochbuie and Braemar to the W., Glen Gairn to the N., Lochnagar and the beautiful valley of the Dee to the S. On Craig Gowan (1319 ft.), a hill 1 m. to the south, have been erected memorial cairns to Queen Victoria, the prince consort, Princess Alice and other members of the royal family of Great Britain. The parish church of Crathie (1903), replacing the kirk of 1806, is 1½ m. to the W., and about 2 m. farther west stands Abergeldie Castle, another Highland royal residence, an ancient building to which modern additions have been made, inhabited by King Edward VII. when prince of Wales, and after his accession to the throne used as a shooting-lodge.	Catherine Of Valois \| French princess \| Britannica.com Catherine Of Valois Blaise Pascal Catherine Of Valois, (born Oct. 27, 1401, Paris , France —died Jan. 3, 1437, Bermondsey Abbey, London, Eng.), French princess, the wife of King Henry V of England , mother of King Henry VI , and grandmother of the first Tudor monarch of England, Henry VII. Catherine was the daughter of King Charles VI of France and Isabella of Bavaria and was much neglected in childhood because of her father’s frequent bouts of madness and her mother’s selfish indifference. After his accession to the English throne (March 1413), Henry V renewed the negotiations for his marriage to Catherine started by his father, Henry IV. His demand for a large dowry and the restoration of Normandy and Aquitaine (once possessions of English kings) led to war, and the marriage did not take place until June 2, 1420, after the signing of the Treaty of Troyes. Catherine was crowned in Westminster Abbey in February 1421 and gave birth to a son, afterward Henry VI, in the following December. She joined Henry in France in May 1422 and returned to England after his death the following August , residing first at Windsor Castle and later at Baynard’s Castle, London. From about 1425 gossip associated Catherine’s name with that of a Welsh squire, Owen Tudor . Their marriage may have taken place secretly in 1429, or they may already have been married when, in 1428, an act of Parliament was passed forbidding her marriage without the consent of king and council. Owen Tudor was imprisoned in 1436 and Catherine retired to Bermondsey Abbey, London. By Owen Tudor she had three sons and two daughters, one of whom died in infancy; the eldest son, Edmund, created Earl of Richmond in 1452, was the father of Henry VII . Learn More in these related articles:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,118	In 2013, Japanese scientists cloned what type of creature from a single drop of blood?	Japanese Scientists Clone a Mouse With a Single Drop of Blood \| Top Secret Writers Japanese Scientists Clone a Mouse With a Single Drop of Blood Facebook 0 Twitter 0 Pinterest 0 Google 0 LinkedIn 0 It’s becoming increasingly difficult to keep up with technological and scientific advances that seem to be leaping forward at an accelerated pace. One of the latest animal cloning breakthroughs came from Japanese researchers at the Riken BioResource Centre in Tsukuba, Japan. (1) According to an article in the June 26th edition of the Journal of Biology of Reproduction (5), Japanese scientists created a cloned mouse from a single drop of blood. Some scientists have commented that it’s just one small step in improving the animal cloning process while others believe it could be an important breakthrough. The Japanese team took a drop of blood from a female mouse’s tail and created a clone. The research center announced that the cloned female mouse lived a full lifespan and reproduced offspring like any other normal mouse. The process of animal cloning follows the method used for creating Dolly, the first sheep to successfully be cloned in 1996. This certainly isn’t the first mouse to ever be cloned. Previous clones have been created from donor cells taken from lymph nodes, liver and bone marrow. There have been numerous other clones created using the Dolly technique. In fact, scientists at a similar institute most recently created over 600 “genetic copies of one mouse”. (2) Unlike those clones, the Riken mouse clone method didn’t use a white blood cell taken from tissue, but from circulating blood drawn from the mouse’s tail. The other method required the death of the original animal in order to obtain the necessary genetic material that typically comes from tissue. The objective of the Japanese team was to see if they could accomplish the same cloning results by using blood samples or more aptly, cell suspension (unattached cells) instead of the tissue (attached cells). The method they used was non-invasive and the original mouse remained unaffected and alive after the procedure. The mouse clone is the first of its kind and clearly demonstrates that cloning can be achieved by using peripheral blood cells instead of tissue cells. Animal Cloning The science for animal cloning is known as SCNT (Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer). SCNT technology uses a single cell to clone an animal. For the cloned mouse, the cell used to create the clone was freshly collected “peripheral” blood obtained from the tail. This “noninvasive” method of collecting blood is considered more desirable for nuclear transfer, but had never been done. Once collected, scientists then prepared the nucleated cell (leukocyte) suspension by lysing (dissolving) the red blood cells. A nucleated cell suspension simply means that the cell used had a nucleus and was the type of cell that lived in the blood (suspended) and wasn’t the type of cell that’s attached as those found in tissue. A leukocyte is a white blood cell as opposed to a red blood cell. Once the red cells were dissolved, the white cells were all that remained and the scientists then selected the leukocyte nuclei randomly. The cell was then transferred into an egg cell that had the nuclear DNA removed. That enabled the new cell to essentially replace the original nuclear DNA, meaning that the mouse grew from the original mouse’s genetic material and thus produced a clone. Since the cloned embryo contained the exact genes of the donor, it grew into a duplicate of the original. (2) Future of Animal Cloning Some people envision this technology as a cost effective method of “livestock propagation” while others are focused on the medical treatment benefit it may provide in cell therapy. Others think this type of cloning has its best applications in preventing endangered species from becoming extinct. Since this method of cloning guarantees that the original animal remains alive and well, its genetic material can be used to preserve the species. This means that endangered species won’t become extinct. This is vi	Weird Animals You Won't Believe Aren't Photoshopped \| BizarBin.com I bet you wish some of these weird animals were photoshopped!! Weird animals: The Pacu Fish Yes, that really is a fish with human teeth that seems in bad need of some flossing. Pacu fish are cousins to the Piranha but are mostly fruit eaters that use their human-like teeth to crack nuts and fruits. Apparently, they are not that picky on what kind of nuts as there have been reports of men bleeding to death after a Pacu Fish had bitten off their testicles … The Gerenuk —————————————————————— The gerenuk, Litocranius walleri, also known as the Waller’s gazelle, is a long-necked species of antelope found in dry thorn bush scrub and desert in East Africa, from Somalia, Djibouti and eastern Ethiopia through northern and eastern Kenya to northeastern Tanzania. The word gerenuk (pronounced with a hard g) comes from the Somali language, meaning “giraffe-necked”. Gerenuk are sometimes also called the giraffe-necked antelope. This bizarre animal is the sole member of the genus Litocranius and we are proud to give it 4 out of 5 stars on the bizarro meter, simply by looking like a perfect giraffe, gazelle photo-mashup. The Cassowary, aka the Australian Velociraptor —————————————————————— What seems like a cgi scene lifted from Jurassic Park is in fact a flightless bird called the Cassowary. Not only is this the world’s deadliest bird, but it’s also one of the most dangerous things you can bump into in Australia period, which is saying a lot when 90% of the wildlife there is capable of destroying you. This Ostrich from hell takes protecting it’s territory very, VERY seriously, and will brutally murder anything perceived as a threat (you!) with it’s razor-sharp claws. They can reach heights of up to 7ft and there are many records of natives being seriously injured or killed by this, finely-tuned, writing machine of death. Oh… and if you think I am exaggerating then be sure to check out the video. Welcome to Australia, the only place in the world where you can get disemboweled by a bird! The Giant Isopod What would happen if these two had a baby? AAAHHHH!!! The only uplifting thing to say — after realising that such a horrifying thing exists — is that it seems to have a taste for Doritos, rather then human brains. This bizarre animal is related to the common Pill Bug and, according to fossil record, have existed for over 160 million years. Even though it looks like these creatures could easily take over the world if they wanted to, they are actually quite harmless, deep-sea scavengers. Snakehead Fish —————————————————————— This scary looking fish is called a Snakehead. They are known for its voracious appetite, often consuming all other fish in a lake or pond and even eating its young. It can also slither across land and stay out of water for up to three days to find new sources of food. Once on land, snakeheads can eat almost any small animal in its path, and have even attacked people who got too close to snakehead egg nesting areas. If these things could fly, mankind would have declared war on them a long, long time ago… The Saiga Antelope —————————————————————— Have you ever wondered what would happen if an antelope had a baby with the alien from the Mos Eisley Cantina? It would probably look pretty close to this… The Saiga Antelope is one of the world’s most ancient mammals, having shared the Earth with saber-toothed tigers and woolly mammoths, 250,000 years ago. Thought to be extinct at one time, they are also referred to as living fossils. The Smooth Long Necked Turtle —————————————————————— I know what you’re thinking. “This is either a Photoshop or someone threaded a snake through a turtle”. But this species of turtle have such long necks that they aren’t able to pull it back into their shell, which is basically the only good thing about being a turtle. They do have skunk superpowers though and can produce a offensive smelling liquid if threatened. The Rain Frog: Cute meets Freaky —————————————————————— In this case I suggest you just watch the movie as no wo	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,119	The resort island of Boracay forms part of which country?	Boracay - Number One Beach in the Philippines - TravelOnline Boracay, an Island Tropical Paradise in the Country of the Philippines Boracay Island, Philippines – Boracay Map Boracay Island is in Southeast Asia, about 316 kms or two hundred nautical miles south from the capital of the country, called Manila and part of the Panay Island group in the Western Visayan region of the country. The island of Boracay is the Philippine’s most well known tourism attraction and the island itself is composed of three main ‘barangays’ or small districts which are called Manoc-Manoc, Balabag and Yapak. These are actually three of the 17 small districts which comprise the town of Malay in which Boracay belongs to. The island is governed in by both the provincial government of Aklan and the Philippine Department of Tourism or DOT. Local and international visitors and vacationers go to Boracay to experience what the powdery white sands and crystal clear waters of the beach are all about. Etymology of the name “Boracay” Boracay Beaches, Philippines Bo-ra-cay as said in three syllables, is attributed to the Aklanese or local dialect’s word “Borac” which, when translated to English means Cotton. This is in connection to the colour and texture of the world famous sand of the island. Boracay Beaches: Boracay’s Geographical Qualities Boracay Beaches, Philippines Geography Boracay Island’s shape is somewhat similar to a butterfly, which is appropriate for its beauty. The whole island is about 7 kilometers in length and 1 kilometer wide at its narrowest point. In terms of governance, Boracay is a portion of the town of Malay, Aklan Province within the Panay island group. This is just one island collection of islands which comprise the middle region of the Philippine’s island chains. Now Yapak Beach is one of the beaches which is found over some of the island’s hills and is located a few meters distant from the primary tourist areas. Although it is composed of gorgeous, unspoiled sands away from the crowds such as the Puka and Balinghai Beaches. It is also the location of the sole 72-par golf course on the island called the Fairways and Bluewaters golf and country club. Getting there takes only 3-5 minutes by tricycle from White Beach and the heart of Boracay. See Boracay Geography Languages and Dialects Spoken in Boracay The official language of the country is called Pilipino and is a mixture of Tagalog. But many local dialects are used in Boracay, along with English. Aklanon or Aklanese is mainly used in the whole province where Boracay is located. The main portion of the province is about 20-30 minutes away by boat. Guests coming from Manila to Boracay Island will find it very easy since most Filipinos are well versed in the English language. Boracay Island’s Climate and Weather The Amihan and Habagat Winds Boracay Weather / Climate The weather of Boracay Island is commonly divided into 2 seasonal weather phenomena which are locally called the Amihan and Habagat. The Pilipino language describes Amihan as the cool wind which comes from the northeast and the Habagat is the wind which comes from the southwest and brings the south to west monsoons. These two seasons are usually associated with the La Nina and El Nino weather phenomena which affect the whole world. Amihan seasons are usually those which are hot, with very minimal rainfall and a constant wind coming from an eastern direction. And Habagat is usually the cold with hot and humid climates, maximum rainfall with hurricane like storms called typhoons and a constant wind coming from a western direction. On Boracay Beach, locals can always tell the transition from the Amihan and Habagat weather when there is a change in the direction of the wind. Usually, this switch is very fast and may even happen after just a day. Other times, there is a longer transition where the winds will go from Amihan to Habagat many times prior to becoming stable and entering the new weather pattern. Generally, Boracay Island experiences the Amihan climate during the months starting from September or October all the	Bora Bora Map / Geography of Bora Bora/ Map of Bora Bora - Worldatlas.com - WorldAtlas.com Bora Bora Map / Geography of Bora Bora/ Map of Bora Bora - Worldatlas.com Print this map Bora Bora, located about 160 miles northwest of Tahiti and approximately 2,600 miles south of Hawaii , was discovered in 1722, and is arguably the most beautiful island on the planet. The island's ancient name of Vava'u suggests the original inhabitants of this 7 million year old island arrived from Tonga , and interestingly, there is no "B," in the local Tahitian language, so its actual name is Pora Pora, meaning "first born." Under the leadership of Admiral Abel Aubert Dupetit Thouars, Bora Bora was named a colony of France in 1842. The onset of World War II brought U.S. troops to the island, and seven massive cannons were set up around the perimeter, as well as a number of forts. The presence of the troops was generally accepted, and lucky for the natives (and troops alike) no combat took place on the island during the war. The U.S. military base officially closed on June 2, 1946, and the abandoned base became an international airport until Tahiti opened their own in 1962. Bora Bora relies heavily on the tourism industry to fuel its economy, and its fabled blue lagoon is - according to novelist James A. Michener - "So stunning, that there are really no adequate words to describe it." Volcanic in origin, Bora Bora's rugged main island, and a few smaller islands, are completely surrounded by coral reefs. Made famous by books, movies, and its stunning beauty, the island is now besieged by tourism and overcrowding. Regardless, if you must visit a South Pacific island (and you should), Bora Bora would be an excellent choice. For additional info about the islands of French Polynesia , and their most interesting history, go here .	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,120	What fits round your waist and round the rim of the cockpit of a canoe	Dagger Tandem Sprayskirt Dagger Tandem Sprayskirt Urethane-Coated nylon pack cloth with an Adjustable bungee sleeve which fits around the cockpit rim. Two Adjustable drawstring waist tunnels for tandem paddling the Dagger "Bayou II" tandem kayak. Available in black color. reg. $97.50 CLOSEOUT model = final SALE $69.99 $69.99	Index-a The live album Beauty and the Beat featured pianist George Shearring and which singer? Peggy Lee Whose band was the Tijuana Brass? Herb Alpert Who were Cliff Richard's backing group through the 60s? The Shadows Who were the famous backing singers on most of Elvis Presley's early hits? The Jordanaires The Stratocaster is a model of which guitar maker? Fender Which piano-playing singer's first hit was The Fat Man? Fats Domino Which American rock'n'roll star caused controversy when he married a young teenager? Jerry Lee Lewis Who made the highly rated 1959 jazz album Kind of Blue? Miles Davis Which iconic British female singer made the highly regarded album titled '(her first name) in Memphis' ? Dusty Springfield Whose band was the All Stars? Junior Walker (Jr Walker) Larry Adler played what instrument? Harmonica Whose childhood hit was Fingertips? Stevie Wonder Which guitar innovator and player has a range of Gibson Guitars named after him? Les Paul The founding brother members of the Kinks were Ray and Dave what? Davies What was Smokey Robinson's most famous band called? The Miracles Kenny Ball and his Jazzmen's 1962 hit was called March of the ... what? Siamese Children Who sang the hit theme song Rawhide? Frankie Laine John Mayall's band which helped launch Eric Clapton's career was called what? Bluesbreakers Rock Around the Clock was a hit for Bill Haley and his ... what? Comets Which comedy actor had a novelty hit with My Boomerang Won't Come Back? Charlie Drake Who sang with Serge Gainsbourg on the hit Je t'aime? Jane Birkin Colin Blunstone fronted which 1960s group? The Zombies What Eastenders star sang on the novelty hit Come Outside? Wendy Richard Jiles Perry (JP) Richardson Jr, who died in the same plane crash as Ritchie Valens and Buddy Holly was better known by what name?Big Bopper Which later-to-be-famous solo singer and guitarist toured as a member of the Beach Boys in the mid 60s? Glen Campbell Who had sang the hit song Little Old Wine Drinker Me? Dean Martin What famous 'two-fingered' jazz guitarist died in 1953? Django Reinhardt (Jean-Baptiste Reinhardt) What song, released to promote the film The Millionairess, featured its stars Peter Sellers and Sophia Loren? Goodness Gracious Me Who managed the Beatles' prior to his early death in 1967? Brian Epstein Whose nickname was a derived from the term satchel-mouth? Louis Armstrong (Satchmo) What's the name of the motorbiker who dies in the Shangri-Las' hit The Leader of the Pack? Jimmy Which singing-songwriting founder of the Flying Burrito Brothers died age 26, after which his body was 'stolen' by a friend and burnt in the Joshua Tree National Park? Gram Parsons Which American singer and entertainer was nicknamed Schnozzola, because of his large nose? Jimmy Durante Who wrote and had a hit with the instrumental Classical Gas? Mason Williams Who wrote Patsy Cline's hit Crazy? Willie Nelson What city hosted the Beatles as the resident band at the Kaiserkeller and Top Ten Club? Hamburg The Isley Brothers' hit was called Behind a ... what? Painted Smile 1950-60s record turntables commonly offered four speeds: 33, 45, 78, and what other? 16 (technically the speeds were 33⅓ and 16⅔ but record decks tended to show only the whole numbers) American DJ Robert Weston Smith was better known by what stage name? Wolfman Jack What ridiculously titled song was a hit in 1954 for Max Bygraves in the UK and the Four Lads in the USA? Gilly Gilly Ossenfeffer Katzenellen Bogen by the Sea Who had the 1965 instrumental hit Spanish Flea? Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass What was Emile Ford and the Checkmates' 1959 hit, supposedly the longest ever question in a UK No1 song title? What Do You Want to Make Those Eyes at Me For? Who singer-guitarist's backing band was The Bruvvers? Joe Brown Which Rolling Stones guitarist died in a swimming pool in 1969? Bri	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,121	"Stephen Sondheim's musical ""Sunday in the Park With George"" was inspired by a painting by whom?"	Stephen Sondheim \| The Stars \| Broadway: The American Musical \| PBS Composers, Lyricists & Writers Stephen Sondheim Active in major Broadway productions of American musical theater beginning in 1957, composer and lyricist Stephen Sondheim (born 1930) redefined the Broadway musical form with his innovative and award winning productions. He continued to be a major force in the shaping of this genre into the 1980s. American composer and lyricist Stephen Sondheim is mainly known for his stage works, which include “A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum” (1962); “Anyone Can Whistle” (1964); “Company” (1970); “Follies” (1971); and “A Little Night Music” (1973). He is known for his collaborations with Leonard Bernstein as lyricist for “West Side Story” (1957) and “Candide” (1974), and with Richard Rogers on “Do I Hear a Waltz” (1965). Sondheim’s partnership with the director/producer Hal Prince resulted in Tony Awards for Best Musical Scores for three consecutive years (1971-1973), and “Pacific Overtures” (1976) was hailed as a landmark in American musical theater because of its masterful use of traditional Japanese theater elements. In 1984, Sondheim paired himself with James Lapine to put together “Sunday in the Park with George,” a musical inspired by a Georges Seurat painting. Sondheim was born into a prosperous business family on March 22, 1930. He studied piano for two years while very young and continued his interest in the musical stage throughout his education. Sondheim’s parents divorced in 1942 and his mother took up residence in Doylestown, Pennsylvania, close to the summertime residence of Oscar Hammerstein II. As a friend of Hammerstein’s son, Sondheim was able to ask the famous librettist for an evaluation of his first stage work, a high school production produced at the age of 15. Hammerstein’s critical evaluation of “By George” initiated a four-year relationship that was decisive in formulating the young artist’s style. As Hammerstein’s personal assistant, Sondheim gained entry into the world of professional theater. While attending Williams College he performed duties in the preparation and rehearsals of the Rogers and Hammerstein productions of “South Pacific” and “The King and I.” Upon graduation he won the Hutchinson Prize, which enabled him to study composition at Princeton University with Milton Babbitt. Sondheim began his professional career in television by writing scripts for the TOPPER and THE LAST WORD series and incidental music for the Broadway musical “Girls of Summer.” Shortly thereafter he made the acquaintance of Arthur Laurents, who introduced him to Jerome Robbins and Leonard Bernstein as the possible lyricist for “West Side Story,” which was produced in 1957. The young songwriter found himself involved in one of the most successful shows ever produced on Broadway. Sondheim followed this success by collaborating on the Broadway production of “Gypsy” in 1959, distinguishing himself as one of the great young talents in American musical theater. Intent on broadening his talents, Sondheim sought productions where he could use his musical as well as lyrical expertise. He produced “A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum” in 1962 … a bawdy farce based on the plays of Plautus. The show had an impressive run of almost 1,000 performances, won the Tony Award for Best Musical, and was made into a successful film in 1966. A scene from Sondheim's "A Little Night Music." Sondheim followed with two less successful ventures: “Anyone Can Whistle” (1964) and “Do I Hear a Waltz” (1965). Although both failed commercially, Sondheim contributed songs of high quality. In 1970 Sondheim produced “Company,” which once again won him unanimous praise from the critics. The production was awarded the Drama Critics and Tony Awards for Best Musical of the season, and Sondheim received awards for the best composer and best lyricist. One critic commented that “Company” “is absolutely first rate … the freshest … in years … This is a wonderful musical score, the one that Broadway has long needed. …” The following	Art Nouveau Most Important Art and Artists \| The Art Story La Goulue at the Moulin Rouge (1891) Artist: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Artwork description & Analysis: Toulouse-Lautrec is not typically associated with the vast number of Art Nouveau artists, but some of his later work deserves consideration as an example of the movement's output. His late lithographic posters in particular bear comparison to the Japanese prints that so widely influenced Art Nouveau. La Goulue at the Moulin Rouge takes the flourish and messiness of a French can-can dancer's dress and breaks it down to a few simple, rhythmic lines. The way in which the poster sacrifices spatial depth to create a bold impression of linear surface design is also typical of the movement. Lithograph - Philadelphia Museum of Art The Peacock Skirt (1894) Artist: Aubrey Beardsley Artwork description & Analysis: Beardsley's The Peacock Skirt, an illustration made for Oscar Wilde's 1892 play Salome, is comparatively polite in comparison with some of the illustrator's more erotic, borderline pornographic, works. It is a fine example of how many artists influenced by Art Nouveau laid great emphasis on surface design, often abstracting their figures to produce the fashionable sinuous lines so characteristic of the style. One might also take it as an example of how the formal vocabulary of the style could be used with exuberant excess, a quality that would later attract criticism. The influence of Japonisme on Art Nouveau is also evident in Beardsley's work. But this illustration might also be taken as an example of the contemporaneous Aesthetic movement, and in that respect it demonstrates how Art Nouveau overlapped and interacted with various other period styles. Ink illustration Like The Art Story on Facebook Art Nouveau and More at Online Auctions The Museum of Applied Arts (1893-96) Artist: Odon Lechner and Gyula Partos Artwork description & Analysis: The Museum of Applied Arts is characteristic of both the Art Nouveau architectural style (precise lines, ornate decorations and grand scale) and the architectural style popularized by the Hungarian Odon Lechner, who was known for infusing his designs with elements drawn from Hungarian folk art. Lechner was an early representative of the Hungarian Secession, a fringe movement of the Vienna Secession, and his late-19th and turn-of-the-century work can be found throughout Budapest and other eastern European cities. - Budapest, Hungary Interior of dome of the Grand Palais, Paris (1897-1900) Artist: Henri Delagne, Albert Louvet, Albert Thomas and Charles Girault Artwork description & Analysis: The Grand Palais, like many Parisian buildings erected during that time, is a wonderful example of modern architecture finding its style. While it is in some respects typical of older, Beaux Arts design, the architects' use of reinforced concrete and steel framing, and the glass vault ceiling in particular, are all examples of attempts to find modern solutions to old problems. The dome ceiling itself - reinforced with steel that both supports and complements it visually - resembles a grandiose flower in bloom. - Paris, France Hope II (1907-08) Artist: Gustav Klimt Artwork description & Analysis: With the exception of Picasso, no other modern artist could be said to have produced so many definitive early-century works of art as Gustav Klimt. Known primarily for his occasionally somber, occasionally ecstatic, but always visually luscious paintings of women, Klimt's Hope II is an example of the artist's unique combination of the figurative, the decorative and the abstract. Although commonly associated with Art Nouveau, Klimt's paintings could very well represent the movement's demise. Art Nouveau's influence is evident in Hope II and similar works, but so is the overelaboration that, to many critics, seemed like a betrayal of the movement's original desire to match a work's forms to its function. Oil and gold leaf on canvas - The Museum of Modern Art, New York Entrance Gate to Paris Subway Station (1900) Artist: Hector Guimard Artwork descrip	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,122	Which singer was nicknamed The Velvet Fog'?	Mel Tormé - Biography - IMDb Mel Tormé Biography Showing all 30 items Jump to: Overview (4) \| Mini Bio (1) \| Spouse (4) \| Trade Mark (2) \| Trivia (17) \| Personal Quotes (2) Overview (4) The Kid With the Gauze In His Jaws The Velvet Fog The Blue Fox Mini Bio (1) A professional singer at the age of three, Mel Torme was a genuine musical prodigy. As a teenager, he played the drums in Chico Marx 's band and earned the nickname "The Velvet Fog" because of his smooth, mellow tenor voice. In the 1940s, he formed his own group, the Mel-Tones, one of the first jazz-influenced vocal groups. As a solo musician, he had a number one hit in 1949 called "Careless Hands" and several lesser hits. He also acted in films and wrote several books, including biographies of Judy Garland and Buddy Rich . Torme's career included some songwriting, too. One of his most well-known compositions, "The Christmas Song", was written in midsummer as Torme relaxed by the pool. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Sujit R. Varma Spouse (4) Suffered a stroke on August 8, 1996. Jazz singer Nicknamed The Velvet Fog, a nickname he was not particularly fond of. Composed the music and words to "The Christmas Song" ("Chestnuts roasting on an open fire") with songwriting partner Robert Wells (Bob Wells). Singer of "Lili Marlene" in USA. Inducted into the Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame in 1990. Known for "scatting" during a song. He was drafted into the army in 1944, but soon after when he went on bivouac, cuts were discovered in the soles of his feet and it was determined that he was so flat-footed he should never have been drafted in the first place. He was sent home from the army in 1945. Interred in a grave close to Heather O'Rourke and Truman Capote . He won Best Jazz Vocalist Grammy Awards in 1982 and 1983. Frustrated by his experiences as the music director of Judy Garland 's short-lived CBS variety series, he wrote a vicious tell-all book about his talented but challenging former boss. "The Other Side of the Rainbow: With Judy Garland on the Dawn Patrol" portrayed Garland as hopelessly drug-addicted, unprofessional and a horror to work with. At age eight he was a snare drummer in the Shakespeare Grammar School drum and bugle corps on Chicago's south side. Is often referred to by Harry Anderson 's character "Judge Harry Stone" in the NBC TV series Night Court (1984). Anderson--both as "Judge Stone' and in real life--is a big fan of Torme.	This Day in Music, November 29: L'Angelo Misterioso \| TMR This Day in Music, November 29: L'Angelo Misterioso November 29, 2011 By Neil Cossar , Contributor On this day in 2001, former Beatles guitarist George Harrison died in Los Angeles of lung cancer, aged 58. Following the breakup of The Beatles, Harrison had a successful career as a solo artist and later as part of the Traveling Wilburys. George was the youngest member of The Beatles (16 when he joined), and went on to release the acclaimed triple album, All Things Must Pass, in 1970, from which came the worldwide No.1 single “My Sweet Lord.” This was a sad day, the second Beatle to leave us and at just 58. Who'd of thought that by the turn of the century, we would've lost two Beatles? First John and now George. I'm sure, like myself growing up with the Fabs, you just thought they would be around forever. There is so much to say about Harrison; he achieved so much in his post-Beatle life. George was the mastermind behind the first major musical live fundraiser with The Concert For Bangladesh. Many critics say that his 1970 triple album All Things Must Pass is the finest solo Beatles effort. It is a great body of work which, with the release of the worldwide hit "My Sweet Lord," well and truly established Harrison as an equal to Lennon and McCartney. By the end of The Beatles, George had accumulated hundreds of songs, many of which found a home on All Things Must Pass. He went on to make another eight solo albums during his career. Harrison had formed a close friendship with Eric Clapton in the late 1960s, and they co-wrote the song "Badge" which was released on Cream's Goodbye album in 1969. Harrison also played rhythm guitar on the song. For contractual reasons, Harrison was required to use the pseudonym "L'Angelo Misterioso," meaning "The Mysterious Angel" in Italian. George became an accomplished gardener; he restored the English manor house and grounds of Friar Park, his home in Henley-on-Thames. Several Harrison videos were filmed on the grounds, including "Crackerbox Palace. In addition, the grounds served as the background for the cover of All Things Must Pass. He employed a staff of ten workers to maintain the 36-acre (150,000 m2) garden, and both of his older brothers worked on Friar Park as well. Harrison took great solace working in the garden and grew to consider himself more a gardener than a musician; his autobiography is dedicated "to gardeners everywhere." George had standout tracks on every Beatles album from Revolver through to Abbey Road: "Taxman," "Within You Without You," "While My Guitar Gently Weeps," "Here Comes the Sun," and "Something" (which is the second-most covered Beatles' song after "Yesterday"). Harrison was quoted as saying that his favourite cover of the song was James Brown's, and he kept Brown's version in his personal jukebox. Olivia Harrison said of her late husband, "There was a quote by the Indian poet Tagore that George read to me one day that said, 'Blessed is he whose fame does not outshine his truth.' And I think it's safe to say, that, despite his immense fame, his truth will never be out-shined or forgotten." Eric Clapton said of Harrison, "He was just a magical guy. He would show up with his guitar and come in and you'd start playing. He started to sing, would start to sing 'Here Comes the Sun.'" I could be wrong, but in another world, where John Lennon wasn't murdered and George didn't die, would The Beatles have ever got back together? Lennon and McCartney had become friends again, but George was still the dark horse. You know the multi-million dollar offers would've been on the table, but you know what? I don't think George would've done it. And I think that would've been the right decision. Let it be, as all things must pass. Share this story	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,123	When did the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) first lay down the laws of cricket?	Laws of Cricket \| Cricket Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Add Image The laws of cricket are a set of rules established by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) which describe the laws of cricket worldwide, to ensure uniformity and fairness. There are currently 42 laws, which outline all aspects of how the game is played from how a team wins a game, how a batsman is dismissed, through to specifications on how the pitch is to be prepared and maintained. The MCC is a private club based in London in England and is no longer the game's official governing body; however the MCC retains the copyright in the laws of the game and only the MCC may change the laws, although nowadays this would usually only be done after discussions with the game's global governing body the International Cricket Council (ICC). Cricket is one of the few sports for which the governing principles are referred to as 'Laws' rather than as 'Rules' or 'Regulations'. However regulations to supplement and/or vary the laws may be agreed for particular competitions. Contents Edit The origins of cricket are debatable, but it probably derived from numerous games and sports involving hitting a ball with a bat or club (see History of cricket ). In the eighteenth century, it expanded to become a betting game especially popular with the British aristocracy. The earliest laws were drawn up in that context, to help regulate a game on which large sums of money were being staked. The earliest existing known Code of cricket was drawn up by certain "Noblemen and Gentlemen" who used the Artillery Ground in London in 1744. In 1755 there is further reference to the laws being revised by "Several Cricket Clubs, particularly the Star and Garter in Pall Mall", followed by a revision of the Laws by "a committee of Noblemen and Gentlemen of Kent , Hampshire , Surrey , Sussex , Middlesex and London at the Star and Garter" in 1774. A printed form of the laws was published in 1775 and a further revision to the laws was undertaken by a similar body of Noblemen and Gentlemen of Kent, Hampshire, Surrey, Sussex, Middlesex and London in 1786. However, these laws were not universally followed, with different games played under different guidance. On 30 May 1788, the Marylebone Cricket Club , which had been formed by the leading noblemen and gentlemen playing the game just one year before, produced its first Code of Laws. Whilst the MCC's version of the Laws were not accepted fully immediately, or applied consistently, it is the successor of these Laws that governs the game today. The next major change in 1809 saw further standardisation of the weight of the ball from between 5 and 6 ounces (142 to 170 g) to between 5.5 and 5.75 ounces (156 to 163 g), and the width of the cricket bat was standardised for the first time. The law to score runs of a ball hitting the non-striker stumps was made redundant and the length of stumps was increased from 22 to 24 inches and bails from 6 to 7 inches to help the bowlers, and the importance of umpires was further enhanced. Finally, a new method of dismissing a batsman was introduced. Previously, as cricket uses a hard ball and leg-pads were not used, players would naturally play with their legs away from the wicket. As batsmen started to wear pads, they became willing to cover their stumps with their legs to prevent the ball hitting the stumps and bowling them. Therefore a " leg before wicket " rule was introduced so that a batsman preventing the ball hitting his stumps with his legs would be out. In 1829 the Length of stumps increased from 24 in and the length of the bails was increased from Template:Convert/to {{convert/{{{d}}}\|{{{1}}}\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|s=\|r={{{r}}}\|d={{{d}}}\|u=ft \|n=foot \|l=feet \|t=Foot (unit) \|o=m \|b=0.3048 \|j=-0-0}}, again to help the bowlers. For the first time, the thickness of stumps was mentioned. A new Code of Laws was approved by the MCC Committee on 19 May 1835, and another on 21 April 1884. In the 1884 laws the number of players was formalised for the first time (at eleven-a-side), and the size of the ball was formalised for the first time	A Brief History \| Kent County Cricket Club Kent County Cricket Club Invicta and Victa Kent County Cricket Club first came into existence in 1842. In the mid 19th century there were two clubs playing under the name of Kent: Kent County Cricket Club and the Beverley Kent Cricket Club. But in 1870 a decision was taken to amalgamate into one club, to be called the Kent County Cricket Club with Canterbury as the Club’s headquarters. “Early Days in Kent”, Chapter 2 of “Barclay’s World of Cricket”, states that in 1719 Kent played London in the first match recorded by a representative London side and it is claimed that this constituted the first county match. Further, it records that many prefer to look upon the matches of 1728 as the first real contests between counties and in three matches against Sussex in that year Kent came out on top, thereby earning the title given to them by cricket historian H.S. Altham of “Kent, the first Champions”. Frederick Lillywhite’s “Scores and Biographies” , a 15 volume work covering cricket from the mid C18th to the latter part of the C19th., records the first organised match as that between Kent and All England “played in the Artillery Ground, London, 1746”. Kent won that match by one wicket. Between then and the formation of Kent CCC as we know it today, there were numerous matches played throughout the County. The first recorded inter-county match was played between Surrey and Kent on the Laleham-Burley Ground near Chertsey in 1773. A return match was played shortly afterwards at Bishopsbourne Paddock, near Canterbury, the venue for many such matches at that time. Both of those matches were won by Surrey, the return match by the then overwhelming margin of 153 runs. However, a third match between the two sides played on The Vine at Sevenoaks later in the season, saw Kent get revenge by six wickets. It was in the early 1800s that two Kent men, John Willes and G.T. Knight were largely responsible for the establishment of round-arm bowling. In the mid 1830s Kent proved to be formidable opposition and could field a side worthy to rank with the highest. They frequently played and defeated All-England. The nucleus of that side was five of the finest players to have graced the Game: Alfred Mynn, the most destructive fast bowler in England and a dangerous batsman; Fuller Pilch, probably the best batsman of his time; William Hillyer, a most effective medium pace bowler; “Felix” (Nicholas Wanostrocht), described as a glorious left-hand batsman, and Edward Wenman the leading wicket keeper of his day and a much respected captain. During this period Kent won 98 matches. A further outstanding player at this time was Edgar Willsher, a great left arm fast bowler who took 785 wickets in 145 matches at an average of 12.54. He also had much to do with legalising over-arm bowling. During this period a number of attempts were made to form the County Club. The first of these was at Town Malling in 1835, the initiative coming from Thomas Selby and Silas Norton, who had been responsible for persuading Fuller Pilch to qualify for Kent and for five years most of the County’s matches were played at Malling. But the ground was proved to be too small and in 1842 during the first Canterbury Week the Beverley Club was reconstituted as the Kent Cricket Club. This arrangement faced early financial difficulties and in 1859 a further County Club was formed at Maidstone, not as a rival to the existing one, but to support its efforts. This arrangement proved impossible and moves were made for an amalgamation between the two. In 1870 this was successful and the two clubs were merged into what then became and has remained, the Kent County Cricket Club. The period following the formation of the Club saw serious financial problems and a decline in the quality of the cricket played by the County. The great players of the earlier years had all gone with the exception of Edgar Willsher and although there were many well qualified amateurs they preferred club and country house cricket. But a number of significant events were taking sha	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,124	Which American criminal was shot and killed by the FBI in 1934 after being betrayed by 'The Lady In Red'?	The notorious John Dillinger -- Chicago Tribune The notorious John Dillinger Nov. 14, 2013 John Herbert Dillinger was a Depression-era bank robber from Indiana who's reign of illegal activity lasted only one year. From September 1933 until July 1934, he and his violent gang terrorized the Midwest, killing 10 men, wounding 7 others, robbing banks and police arsenals, and staging 3 jail breaks. In June 1934, Dillinger was named America's first Public Enemy Number One by the FBI. On July 22, 1934, Dillinger was shot and killed by the FBI as he walked out of the Biograph Theater on Chicago's north side. Anna Sage, his friend, had betrayed him to the FBI in return for not getting deported to her home country of Romania. Sage became known as the "Woman in Red" for her choice of clothing that day. Next ▶ Buy this photo John Dillinger, center, is handcuffed to Deputy Sheriff R. M. Pierce, left, during Dillinger's court hearing in Crown Point, Indiana during the first weeks of February 1934. Dillinger was charged with killing police officer William O'Malley, 43, during a bank robbery in East Chicago, Indiana on Jan. 15, 1934. His trail date was set for March 12, 1934. Dillinger would break out of the Crown Point, Indiana jail on March 3, 1934. — Chicago Tribune historical photo ◀ Previous Next ▶ Buy this photo Sgt. Edward A. Grim of the North Robey Street police station with a Dubuque, Iowa newspaper found in John Dillinger's stolen and abandoned automobile on May 2, 1934. The bloodstained getaway car, found at 3338 N. Leavitt Street in Chicago, had a surgical kit, matches from the Little Bohemia Resort, and the newspaper dated April 23, 1934 with the headline "Dillinger On Rampage." — Chicago Tribune historical photo ◀ Previous Next ▶ Buy this photo Indiana state police surround the house where two of the convicts were supposed to have been from the Michigan City prison break, circa Oct. 1933. On Sept. 26, 1933, ten convicts, lead by John 'Red' Hamilton, broke out of the Indiana State Prison in Michigan City, Indiana, using guns smuggled to them by John Dillinger. In the coming days after the prison break, the Chicago Tribune reported over "500 vigilantes, police and deputy sherriffs" searched the farming districts near Michigan City for the felons. Dillinger, who was in a jail cell in Lima, Ohio, engineered the escape of the ten convicts, who became known as Dillinger's gang. Less than a month after they escaped from Michigan City, several of Dillinger's gang broke him out of the jail in Lima, Ohio. — Chicago Tribune historical photo ◀ Previous Next ▶ Buy this photo John Dillinger, center, is led through the Crown Point, Indiana court building on Jan. 31, 1934 to be viewed by witnesses from the First National Bank robbery that occurred on Jan. 15, 1934 in East Chicago, Indiana. Dillinger had been caught in Arizona and flown back to Indiana to be tried for the murder of patrolman William O'Malley, 43. — Chicago Tribune historical photo ◀ Previous Next ▶ Buy this photo John Dillinger arrived back at the county jail at Crown Point, Indiana on Jan. 30, 1934 after being caught in Arizona five days earlier. Authorities were fearful that Dillinger's gang would try to rescue their leader, so heavily armed guards surrounded the court house and jail. Dillinger was charged with killing police officer William O'Malley, 43, during a bank robbery in East Chicago, Indiana on Jan. 15, 1934. — Chicago Tribune historical photo ◀ Previous Next ▶ Buy this photo John Dillinger is handcuffed and guarded as he smokes during a court recess while Deputy Sheriff R. M. Pierce, left, looks on during Dillinger's hearing at Crown Point, Indiana in the first weeks of February 1934. Dillinger was charged with killing police officer William O'Malley, 43, during a bank robbery in East Chicago, Indiana on Jan. 15, 1934. His trail date was set for March 12, 1934. Dillinger would break out of the Crown Point, Indiana jail on March 3, 1934. — Chicago Tribune historical photo ◀ Previous Next ▶ Buy this photo John Dillinger arrived at the county jail at	The British female hanged 1868 - 1955 by Robert Anderson (Evans) on Monday, the 12th of January, 1874 . Thirty one year old Mary Ann Barry was executed alongside her partner in crime, 32 year old Edwin Bailey, for the poisoning murder of his illegitimate one year old child, Sarah, whom they considered a nuisance. With them on the gallows, set up in the quadrangle of Gloucester Gaol, was Edward Butt, who had shot his girlfriend. Mary became the last woman in England to suffer short drop hanging and reportedly struggled for some three minutes on the rope and had to be forced down into the pit by Anderson .ï¿½ The two men became still almost immediately. ï¿½ Berry, Elizabeth hanged by James Berry at Walton prison Liverpool on Monday, the 14th of March, 1887 . Thirty one year old Elizabeth Berry poisoned her 11 year old daughter for ï¿½10 life insurance. It was an unusual coincidence that the executioner and the criminal had the same surname and had also actually met previously when they danced together at a police ball. Biggadyke, Priscilla, was hanged at 9.00 a.m. Monday, the 28th of December, 1868 , at Lincoln by Thomas Askern for poisoning her husband with arsenic. It was alleged that she killed him because he discovered she was having an affair with one of their lodgers. Thirty five year old Priscilla was the first woman to be executed in private in Britain . She ascended the steps to the platform where she said "Surely all my troubles are over" and "Shame on you, you are not going to hang me." But Askern did, in his usual clumsy way and she reportedly died hard. Britland, Mary Ann was executed by James Berry at Strangeways on Monday, the 9th of August, 1886 , becoming the first woman to be hanged there. Thirty eight year old Mary Ann Britland was convicted of poisoning Mary Dixon, with whose husband she had been having an affair. She had also previously poisoned her own husband, Thomas and daughter, Elizabeth. Bryant, Charlotte , hanged by Tom Pierrepoint at Exeter the 15th of July 1936 . Charlotte Bryant (33) was convicted of poisoning her husband with arsenic. She was having an affair with their lodger and it seemed a simple way to remove her husband from the scene. Whilst awaiting execution, her previously black hair turned completely white. Calvert, Louie , hanged by Tom Pierrepoint at Strangeways prison Manchester Thursday, the 24th of June, 1926 . Louie Calvert, also 33, had criminal tendencies and was known to the police. She battered and strangled her landlady, Mrs. Lily Waterhouse, who had confronted her over things that had gone missing from the house and had reported Louie to the police. In the condemned cell, she also admitted to the murder of a previous employer - John Frobisher - in 1922. She was the first woman to be hanged at Stangeways since Mary Ann Britland in 1886. Tuesday, the 6th of March, 1900 . Twenty four year old Ada Chard-Williams was convicted of drowning a small child whom she had "adopted" for a few pounds. She was suspected of killing other children and was another "baby farmer."ï¿½ She was the last woman to hang at Newgate, subsequent female executions in London taking place at the newly converted women's prison at Holloway. Christofi, Styllou , hanged by Albert Pierrepoint at London 's Holloway women's prison on Monday, the 13th of December, 1954 . Styllou Christofi, 53, was a Greek woman who brutally murdered her German born daughter-in-law, Hella, by battering her and then strangling her. Afterwards, she tried to burn her body. It is thought that she had also committed another murder in Cyprus . She asked for a Maltese Cross to be put on the wall of the execution chamber and this wish was granted - it remained there until the room was dismantled in 1967. Coincidentally, the murder was committed in the same street where a few months later Ruth Ellis was t	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,125	Bowline, clove hitch, square, and sheepshank are all types of what?	Scouting Knots \| How to Tie Scouting Knots \| Animated Scouting Knots Welcome to Scouting Knots Selection These animated knots are described for scouts, but most of them have critical uses in other environments. The selection of knots is based on consultation with many scouting leaders and a review of the requirements by some national organizations. Choices Rather than show the Fisherman's Knot the Double Fisherman's is used because it is safer and more widely used. The Fisherman's can easily be created by substituting Overhand Knots for the Double Overhand Knots. The Sheepshank is included reluctantly for reasons explained on its page. I make no apology for also including the Constrictor and Alpine Butterfly. They are both useful and more valuable than the Sheepshank. Optional Knots Some additional knots which have been listed for teaching to scouts are described elsewhere on this website: the Water Knot , the Bowline on a Bight , the Carrick Bend , and the Sailmaker's Whipping . The Tautline Hitch is regarded as a variation of the Rolling Hitch . The Double Sheet Bend is pictured on the Sheet Bend Page . The Pipe Hitch is not described as several knots appear to share this name, one of which is the same as the Klemheist . The Masthead or Jury Knot is not described here as it appears to have limited use but you can find how to make it on the page about the Masthead Knot Mat in the decorative section. So far at least, the Cat's paw, Draw Hitch, and Honda are not included. Make a selection from the images above or go to the Options Page. Disclaimer: Any activity that involves ropes is potentially hazardous. Lives may be at risk - possibly your own. Considerable attention and effort have been made to ensure that these descriptions are accurate. However, many critical factors cannot be controlled, including: the choice of materials; the age, size, and condition of ropes; and the accuracy with which these descriptions have been followed. No responsibility is accepted for incidents arising from the use of this material. Copyright	The Straight Dope: Why is Satan often shown as having goatlike features? A Straight Dope Classic from Cecil's Storehouse of Human Knowledge Why is Satan often shown as having goatlike features? June 4, 1999 Dear Cecil: What's the deal with Satan and goats? In some pictures Satan has a goatee, horns, and hooves like a goat's. I don't read the Bible much, but is there a part where it says goats are evil or something like that? I'd like to know. — Jimmy Anderson, Arkansas Cecil replies: I don't know what it is with goats. You get my goat. Old goat. Scapegoat. Bible (well, New Testament) scholars will remember Matthew 25:31-33: "the Son of Man … will separate the people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left," the goats presumably headed for eternal damnation. The preachers say this is because sheep are obedient whereas goats are ornery and do their own thing. Also, goats have — one must speak frankly — prominent genitals. Sheep, on the other hand … sheepish? Sheep to the slaughter? Sorry, babe, but I'd rather be a goat. All that having been said, the connection between Satan and goats is indirect. The goatlike features commonly attributed to the devil derive from the Greek pastoral deity Pan, who was half man, half goat. I have here a picture of a sixth-century Coptic ivory carving of Pan, and if you take away the pipes and give him a pitchfork, you're looking at the devil, complete with cloven hooves, hairy legs, horns, and beard. Oh, and prominent genitals, too. The phallic aspects tend to get airbrushed out of the modern picture of ol' Scratch, but let's not kid ourselves. When Christian artists pondered the most dangerous and subversive of the deadly sins, they weren't thinking of securities fraud. It was only natural that they should seize on the frankly sexual figure of Pan. (I'm thinking here of Pan-as-old-lech, not the romanticized Disney version.) I mean, if you want a truly disturbing portrait of wickedness, what are you going to pick up on, mass murder? Too alien. Whereas sexual license … I'm not pointing any fingers, but this is a topic to which a lot of us can relate. Pan also had the advantage of being pagan, and since time immemorial the gods of one age have been the demons of the next. Satan wasn't drawn strictly from Pan, and for that matter portraits of the devil weren't as consistent as today's highly stylized version might suggest. Artists of centuries past, like Hollywood special-effects geniuses today, tended to be pretty eclectic in their search for frightening imagery. If you look through medieval woodcuts and such, you see a devil who's often claw footed, with a long pointed tail and sometimes wings — more on the order of a gargoyle. His color varies, too, though Satan was frequently portrayed as either black or red — black being the color of death, and red no doubt suggesting blood and carnality. The trident probably comes from Neptune. I could give you a long list of other precedents from ancient iconography, but let's skip that. The trick in portraying Satan has always been simple enough. You want a critter of which one thinks: Ooh, that's scary. But also: You know, I can see the appeal. — Cecil Adams	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,126	Who was the first man to win the BBC Sports Personality of the Year twice?	BBC Sport - Sports Personality of the Year - Sports Personality facts and figures Sports Personality facts and figures Elton John presented the 1984 award to Torvill and Dean Sports Personality of the Year Venue: Birmingham LG Arena Date: Sunday, 19 December Time: 1900 GMT Coverage: Live on BBC One, BBC Radio 5 Live & BBC Sport website. BBC Sports Personality of the Year celebrates its 57th anniversary this year and remains one of the most important fixtures on the sporting calendar. The end-of-the-year television spectacle began in 1954, when it attracted a television audience of 12m, who watched athlete Chris Chataway pick up the main award in recognition of setting the 5,000m world record. Chataway fought off tough competition, beating Roger Bannister to the award, despite Bannister becoming the first man to run a mile in under four minutes that same year - where Chataway was his pacemaker. Votes were cast by postcard back in 1954, with 14,517 votes arriving at BBC HQ. Since Chataway was honoured, there have been 54 sportsmen and sportswomen who have won the coveted title of BBC Sports Personality of the Year, while many others have been recipients of the other BBC Spoty awards. BBC Sport has delved through the archives to look back on the history of Sports Personality of the Year. SPORTS PERSONALITY OF THE YEAR • BBC's Sports Personality of the Year was created in 1954 by Sir Paul Fox, then editor of the magazine show Sportsview, and was presented by Peter Dimmock. • Dimmock was the first of 11 presenters. Frank Bough, Harry Carpenter, Des Lynam, Steve Rider, Sue Barker, Gary Lineker, Clare Balding, John Inverdale, Adrian Chiles and Jake Humphery have all played their part since. Bough was the longest running presenter, notching up a record 19 shows between 1964 and 1982. • The first show was called Sportsview, before it was re-titled as Sports Review of the Year and then became, as we know it today, Sports Personality of the Year, in 1999. • The event had been hosted at various venues around London before the decision was taken to move the show outside the capital four years ago and give the public the chance to attend the staging. The Birmingham NEC was its first port of call in 2006 and 2007 before the event moved on to Liverpool's Echo Arena in 2008 and the Sheffield Arena in 2009. Birmingham will host the show for a third time in 2010 when the LG Arena hosts the show. • Other venues to have hosted the ceremony include the Savoy Hotel, Grosvenor House Hotel, Television Theatre, Shepherd's Bush Empire, New London Theatre, Queen Elizabeth II Centre and BBC Television Centre. THE MAIN AWARD - IN NUMBERS • Swimmer Ian Black became the youngest winner of the award in 1958, at the age of 17, and golfer Dai Rees is the oldest winner, having picked up the accolade at the age of 44 in 1957. • Kelly Holmes win in 2004 was the 17th time a track and field athlete had received the accolade - the most of any sport. This is followed by motor racing, which has produced six winners. Boxing and football have both provided five winners, with four winners from the world of Cricket. Perhaps surprisingly there has only been one winner from Rugby Union - Jonny Wilkinson in 2003. • Only three people have won the award twice: Henry Cooper (1967 and 1970), Nigel Mansell (1986 and 1992) and Damon Hill (1994 and 1996). • In 1960, the first Overseas Personality of the Year award was picked up by Australian athlete Herb Elliott. The same year, the inaugural Team of the Year prize was presented to the Cooper Formula One Racing team. • Swimmer Anita Lonsbrough was the first female to win Personality of the Year in 1962, with Dorothy Hyman (1963) and Mary Rand (1964) making it a hat-trick of female winners. FACTS AND STATS ON SPOTY'S OTHER AWARDS • Skating duo Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean won Team of the Year twice (1982 & 1983) and Sports Personality of the Year once, in their golden year of 1984. Bobby Moore, Nick Faldo, showjumper David Broome, Steve Redgrave, David Beckham, Jonny Wilkinson, Andrew Flintoff and Ryan Giggs are the only o	Sports Personality of the Year 2012: Former nominees on panel - BBC Sport BBC Sport Sports Personality of the Year 2012: Former nominees on panel 19 Oct 2012 From the section Sports Personality Share this page Read more about sharing. Three former BBC Sports Personality of the Year nominees are included on the expert panel that will determine the shortlist of 12 for this year's award. Sir Steve Redgrave, Baroness Grey-Thompson and Denise Lewis will be joined by Baroness Campbell, chair of UK Sport, and representatives from the BBC and the newspaper industry. They will aim to produce a shortlist based on reaching a consensus view. The winner will be announced at ExCeL in London on Sunday 16 December. Presented by Sue Barker, Gary Lineker and Clare Balding, Sports Personality of the Year will be broadcast live on BBC One, BBC One HD and BBC Radio 5 live. Sports Personality of the Year 2012 shortlist expert panel Director of BBC Sport - Barbara Slater (Chair) BBC head of TV Sport - Philip Bernie Executive editor of BBC Sports Personality of the Year - Carl Doran From BBC Radio 5 live - Eleanor Oldroyd (presenter, 5 live Sport) Three newspaper sports editors (to be rotated annually) - in 2012, Mike Dunn (sports editor, the Sun), Lee Clayton (head of sport, Daily Mail), Matthew Hancock (sports editor, the Observer) A pan sports broadcaster/journalist - Sue Mott Three former SPOTY nominees (to be appointed annually) - in 2012, Sir Steve Redgrave, Baroness Grey-Thompson and Denise Lewis Baroness Campbell, chair of UK Sport A capacity crowd of more than 15,000 will make it the biggest Sports Personality of the Year in the show's 59-year history, with tickets going on public sale at the end of the month. Full ticket details will be on the BBC Sport website closer to the date. The event will bring down the curtain on what has been an historic 12 months of sport, highlights of which undoubtedly include the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. But 2012 was also the year that saw Wales secure their 11th Grand Slam in the Six Nations, Andy Murray's historic US Open triumph, Manchester City's remarkable comeback to win the Premier League title, Chelsea's Champions League victory, Bradley Wiggins' Tour de France triumph, Rory McIlroy's record-breaking win at the US PGA Championship which cemented his status as the world number one golfer, and Europe's sensational eleventh-hour victory over the United States in the Ryder Cup. Barbara Slater, director of BBC Sport, said: "This year's Sports Personality of the Year will be a celebration of what has been a truly unique year for sport in the UK. We are incredibly proud to be hosting the sporting grand finale for such a remarkable year." With an increased shortlist from 10 to 12 - in recognition of the unprecedented success of UK athletes in 2012 - this year's battle for the coveted title will be one of the most hotly contested in the show's history. If the expert panel cannot reach a consensus view as to who should be included on the shortlist, they will be asked to vote on the remaining candidates. In the event of a tied vote, the chair's decision will be binding. The public will once again vote for the winner during the live show, with the result announced at the end. The panel will also choose the first, second and third places for the Team of the Year, Overseas Personality of the Year and Coach of the Year awards. Other awards on the night will again be Young Sports Personality of the Year and Unsung Hero, which will continue to be decided by the existing specialist panel system, and the Lifetime Achievement and Helen Rollason awards which will be decided by the board of BBC Sport.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,127	Which set of 19 piano pieces based on folk themes were composed by Franz Liszt between 1846 and 1885 and named after his homeland?	A study of Franz Liszt’s Hungarian rhapsodies - UBC Library Open Collections A study of Franz Liszt’s Hungarian rhapsodies A study of Franz Liszt’s Hungarian rhapsodies Francey, Dana Charlene 1992-12-24 pdf A study of Franz Liszt’s Hungarian rhapsodies Creator 1992 Description Hungarian Rhapsodies which will lead to a better understanding of Liszt’s stylistic development in relation to this unique genre of his own creation. The works will be approached and classified according to three main topics: explore the circumstances under which Liszt compo earlier Magyar pieces to the Hungarian Rhapsodies will be illustrated, showing Liszt’s revision of the formal structure when transferring selected A second categorization will then be made, based on the evolution of compositional style in the Hungarian Rhapsodies, exemplified by the improvisatory, virtuosic writing in Hungarian Rhapsody Nos. 1—15 as compared of this compositional technique will be illustrated through the analysis of several of his paraphrase pieces. Analyses of Liszt’s use of the paraphrase technique in the Hungarian Rhapsodies and parallel Macwar Dallok or Macwar Rhapszodiák pieces will show that, in fact, both sets contain similar techniques of paraphrase, and thus, the relationship between the two sets can be seen as one being a variant of the other. These analyses will also demonstrate a similarilty between the Hungarian Rhapsodies and Liszt’s other paraphrases regarding the degree to which the paraphrase technique is applied, ranging from subtle to extensive. In chapter four conclusions will be drawn concerning the aesthetic value of the Hungarian Rhapsodies. It is common is music criticism to infer that because the Hungarian Rhapsodies do not present the conflictual, developmental working out of themes specific to other nineteenth—century genres, but, instead, are comprised of simple tunes repeated with increasing elaboration in a virtuosic style, they therefore are works of lesser value. In this final chapter I will suggest reasoning to the contrary in an attempt to give Liszt’s Hungarian Rhapsodies the esteemed recognition they deserved the Hungarian Rhapsodies, and consider his possible motivations, including direct and indirect influences which may have played an important role in the creation and development of his ideas. Letters and other testimonies will also help to answer questions such as: where, when and for whom were these works composed (as revealed by the dedications); and where, when and for whom were these works performed during Liszt’s life. The second chapter of the thesis will describe the relationship of the Hungarian Rhapsodies with the original collections of Hungarian folk tunes on which they are based (Macwar Dallok and Macwar Rhapszodiák pieces), and subsequently will use the relationship with this pre-existing material as the foundation for grouping them into categories, e.g., Hungarian Rhapsody Nos. 1-2 (based on folk tunes not found in the Magyar collection); Hungarian Rhapsody Nos. 3-15 (based on folk tunes found in the Magyar collection); Hungarian Rhapsody Nos. 16-18 (not based on any pre—existing material —- all original works); and Hungarian Rhapsody No. 19 (based entirely on Csárdás nobles by Abrányi, an Hungarian composer). An evolution of form from the Extent Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library Rights For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use . DOI 831-1.0086785.ris Full Text A STUDY OF FRANZ LISZT’S HUNGARIANRHAPSODIESByDANA CHARLENE FRANCEYB. Mus., The University of BritishColumbia, 1990A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENTOFTHE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREEOFMASTER OF ARTSinTHE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES(School of Music)We accept this thesis as conformingto the required standardATHE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIAMay 1992©Dana Charlene Francey, 1992In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilmentof the requirements for an advanceddegree at the University of British Columbia, I	Franz Liszt - Hungarian Rhapsody No. 19 in D minor - YouTube Franz Liszt - Hungarian Rhapsody No. 19 in D minor Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Oct 22, 2011 Happy 200th Birthday to Franz Liszt! Franz Liszt (October 22, 1811 -- July 31, 1886) was a 19th-century Hungarian composer, pianist, conductor, and teacher. Liszt became renowned throughout Europe during the nineteenth century for his virtuosic skill as a pianist. He was said by his contemporaries to have been the most technically advanced pianist of his age and perhaps the greatest pianist of all time. Hungarian Rhapsodies. The Hungarian Rhapsodies, S.244, R106, (French: Rhapsodies hongroises, German: Ungarische Rhapsodien, Hungarian: Magyar rapszódiák) is a set of 19 piano pieces based on Hungarian folk themes, composed by Franz Liszt during 1846-1853, and later in 1882 and 1885. Liszt additionally arranged versions for orchestra, piano duet and piano trio. Piano: Artur Pizarro	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,128	"Who composed the music for the 1979 musical ""Sweeney Todd""?"	PBS - Sweeney Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street Wrote the music and lyrics for Passion (1994); Assassins (1991); Into The Woods (1987); Sunday in the Park With George (1984); Merrily We Roll Along (1981); Sweeney Todd (1979); Pacific Overtures (1976); The Frogs (1974); A Little Night Music (1973); Follies (1971, revised in London, 1987); Company (1970); Anyone Can Whistle (1964); and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962); as well as the lyrics for West Side Story (1957); Gypsy (1959); Do I Hear a Waltz? (1965), and additional lyrics for Candide (1973). Side by Side by Sondheim (1976); Marry Me A Little (1981); You're Gonna Love Tomorrow (1983) and Putting It Together (1992) are anthologies of his work as composer and lyricist. For films, he composed the scores of Stavisky (1974) and Reds (1981) and songs for Dick Tracy (Academy Award, 1990). He won Tony Awards for Best Score for a Musical for Passion, Into the Woods, Sweeney Todd, A Little Night Music, Follies, and Company. Sunday in the Park With George received the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1985. He is on the council of the Dramatists Guild, which is a national association of playwrights, composers and lyricists, having served as its president from 1973 until 1981. In 1983, he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters. In 1990 he was appointed the first visiting professor of contemporary theatre at Oxford University and in 1993 was a recipient of Kennedy Center honors. Visit Stephen Sondheim on the world wide web at www.sondheim.com Additional Resources	Worzel Gummidge Worzel Gummidge by • Kids TV 1 9 7 9 - 1 9 8 1 (UK) The series of Worzel Gummidge which brought Barbara Euphan Todd's popular talking scarecrow to television had actually been suggested by former Doctor Who star Jon Pertwee. Pertwee then starred in the series as the turnip-headed scarecrow from Ten Acre Field at Scatterbrook Farm. The mischievous scarecrow in the straggly straw hat, with a unique line in yokelese, was the friend of young John and Sue Peters who had just moved to the countryside with their dad (having recently lost their mum). Worzel transformed their lives with his clumsy antics and good-natured humour. The Crowman, Worzel's creator, was played by former Catweazle star Geoffrey Bayldon, while Una Stubbs played the worst bitch who's ever been on television - Worzel's reluctant skittle doll girlfriend Aunt Sally. She was horrid, she was rude and she was consistently beastly to Worzel who loved her dearly. Worzel also fell for Barbara Windsor's Saucy Nancy (a ship's figurehead) and flirted with a tailor's dummy called Dolly Clothes-Peg (Lorraine Chase). In marked contrast to his role as Doctor Who , the part of Worzel Gummidge gave Pertwee the chance to show off his comedy skills and the funny voices he had used on many BBC radio shows including The Navy Lark. In 1980 Jon Pertwee even released a novelty single called Worzel's Song which became a minor chart hit. The 1979 ITV blackout stopped filming, and only eight of the planned 13 episodes were filmed. The Christmas edition - made in October in Lymington, Hampshire - snowed more trouble for the production. The fake snow was a white powder used for making toothpaste. Unfortunately, it blew everywhere and clung to the food in shops as well as to furniture and clothes on people's washing lines. Restaurants had to throw out the dish of the day and dress shops had to get rid of ruined items. But the worst was yet to come - Southern Television lost the franchise, and the new company (TVS) declined to continue with Worzel. A saviour appeared in the form of Harlech Television, but eleven days before they were due to start filming more episodes, the project was cancelled because of a dispute with technicians. Channel 4 repeated the series in 1986 but Worzel and Jon remained bumswizzled until an independent New Zealand company came to the rescue and purchased the rights to make Worzel Gummidge Down Under with Worzel taking up residence in the Antipodes (the series was actually filmed in New Zealand) in 1987. TRIVIA Jon Pertwee made Worzel's warts from Sugar Puffs cut in half and his wispy beard from carrot roots. Television's first Worzel Gummidge was Frank Atkinson, who played the part in the 1953 series Worzel Gummidge Turns Detective. Worzel Gummidge	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,129	Laurens van der Post's prisoner of war experiences, described in his books The Seed and the Sower (1963) and The Night of the New Moon (1970) inspired what film?	A Story Like the Wind (Harvest Book): Amazon.co.uk: Laurens Van Der Post: 9780156852616: Books A Story Like the Wind (Harvest Book) Customers Who Bought This Item Also Bought Page 1 of 1 Start over Page 1 of 1 This shopping feature will continue to load items. In order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading. Enter your mobile number or email address below and we'll send you a link to download the free Kindle App. Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. Apple To get the free app, enter your mobile phone number. or Don't have a Kindle? Get your Kindle here , or download a FREE Kindle Reading App . Product details Publisher: Harcourt Publishers Ltd; 1st Harvest/HBJ Ed edition (Oct. 1978) Language: English Product Dimensions: 13.3 x 2.4 x 20.3 cm Average Customer Review: Product Description About the Author Laurens van der Post was born in South Africa in 1906, the thirteenth of fifteen children in a family of Dutch and French Huguenot origins. He grew up in the heart of Bushman country, a thousand miles from the sea, before going on a long voyage to Japan that was a to prove a formative experience and vital in later life. He settled in England in the 1930s, writing and farming until the outbreak of the war, when he joined the British army and served with distinction in the Western Desert, Abyssinia, Burma and the Far East. Taken prisoner by the Japanese, he was held in captivity for three years before returning to active service as a member of Lord Mountbatten's staff in Indonesia and, later, as military attache to the British minister in Java. Since 1949 he has taken part in many official expeditions and missions to Africa, and his journey in search of the Bushmen in 1957 formed the basis of his famous documentary film, 'The Lost World of the Kalahari'. Other television films he has made include 'A Region of Shadow', 'All Africa Within Us'. And a three-part series on the life and work of Carl Gustav Jung, whom he met after the war and grew to know as a close personal friend. The highly acclaimed film 'Merry Christmas, Mr Lawrence', released in 1983, was based on his book The Seed and the Sower. Laurens van der Post was awarded the C.B.E for services in the field, and in 1980 he was knighted. With his wife, Ingaret Giffard, Sir Laurens divides his time in England between his home in Chelsea and a cottage in Suffolk. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. What Other Items Do Customers Buy After Viewing This Item?	The Moon and Sixpence by Maugham, W Somerset Reviews (0) The Moon and Sixpence is a 1919 short novel by William Somerset Maugham based on the life of the painter Paul Gauguin. The story is told in episodic form by the first-person narrator as a series of glimpses into the mind and soul of the central character, Charles Strickland, a middle aged English stock broker who abandons his wife and children abruptly to pursue his desire to become an artist. Strickland first goes to Paris and lives a destitute but defiantly content life there as an artist, lodging in run-down hotels and falling prey to both illness and hunger. Strickland cares nothing for physical comfort, but is generously supported by a commercially successful yet unexceptional Dutch painter, Dirk Stroeve, who immediately recognizes Strickland's genius. After helping Strickland recover from a life-threatening condition, Stroeve is repaid by having his wife abandon him for Strickland. Strickland later discards the wife, who then commits suicide - yet another human casualty in Strickland's single-minded pursuit of Art and Beauty. After the Paris episode, the story continues in Tahiti. Strickland has already died, and the narrator attempts to piece together his life there from the recollections of others. He finds that Strickland had taken up with a native woman and started painting profusely. We learn that Strickland had settled for a short while in the French port of Marseilles before traveling to Tahiti, where he lived for a few years before finally dying of leprosy. Strickland left behind numerous paintings, but his magnum opus, which he painted on the walls of his hut in a half-crazed state of leprosy-induced blindness, was burnt down after his death by his wife under his orders. The inspiration for this story, Gauguin, is considered to be the founder of primitivism in art. The main differences between Gauguin and Strickland are that Gauguin was French rather than English, and whilst Maugham describes the character of Strickland as being ignorant of his contemporaries in Modern art, Gauguin himself was well acquainted with Van Gogh. How many of the details of the story are based on fact is not known. However, Maugham had visited the place where Gauguin lived in Tahiti, and purchased some glass panels painted by Gauguin in his final days. The book was filmed by Albert Lewin in 1943. According to some sources, the title, the meaning of which is not explicitly revealed in the book, was taken from a review of Of Human Bondage in which the novel's protagonist, Philip Carey, is described as "so busy yearning for the moon that he never saw the sixpence at his feet. " Presumably Strickland's "moon" is the idealistic realm of Art and Beauty, while the "sixpence" represents human relationships and the ordinary pleasures of life. 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1,503,130	UK politicians David Owen, Shirley Williams, Roy Jenkins and Bill Rodgers, known as The Gang of Four, defected from the Labour Party in 1981 to form which party?	The fight for Labour’s soul – what the party’s brutal 1981 split means today \| Politics \| The Guardian Labour The fight for Labour’s soul – what the party’s brutal 1981 split means today Labour is in crisis. The bitter divide across the party echoes the acrimony that drove the ‘gang of four’ to form the breakaway SDP. Will history repeat itself? (From left) Roy Jenkins, David Owen, William Rodgers and Shirley Williams launch the SDP in March 1981. Photograph: David Gaywood/Rex/Shutterstock Tuesday 19 July 2016 10.18 EDT Last modified on Wednesday 28 September 2016 08.13 EDT Share on Messenger Close On a mild winter Sunday morning 35 years ago, political reporters were instructed to go to a riverside house in east London, and to wait outside for an important announcement. Inside were four former Labour ministers, all well-known national figures: Shirley Williams , David Owen , Bill Rodgers and Roy Jenkins . Over the previous year and a half, they had met with growing frequency, and written articles and given interviews that suggested a common disenchantment with Labour. They had become known by an increasingly expectant media as the gang of four . In 1981, as now, British politics was in a state of rare flux. Margaret Thatcher was an inexperienced prime minister. Her austere economic and public-spending policies seemed disastrous. Meanwhile, the Labour opposition was being ineffectually led by Michael Foot , like Jeremy Corbyn a faintly otherworldly leftwinger in his late 60s. Under Foot, as under Corbyn, the party was becoming an unmanageable cauldron of leftwing and centrist factions, of London social liberals and northern social conservatives, of working-class trade unionists and middle-class constituency activists, of party loyalists and “entryists” – infiltrators from other, more confrontational leftwing groups such as Militant . Scenes from the battle for the soul of the Labour party \| Letters from Margaret Beckett MP, Simon Rose, Professor Diane Reay, Peter McKenna, Rachel Ester and Ian Sinclair Read more “The four of us were very different from each other,” remembers Rodgers of his fellow rebels against this apparently fragile status quo. “We had no organisation. But we worked closely together. And we moved very quickly.” On 24 January 1981, the gang of four went to their final Labour event: an acrimonious one-day conference that voted to drastically reduce the influence of MPs over the party’s choice of leader and deputy leader. Again, there is a seemingly precise parallel with Labour’s current internal struggles over whether Corbyn’s fate as leader should be decided by activists or the parliamentary party. As MPs or former MPs, and longstanding champions of the Labour right, the gang of four saw the conference vote as an intolerable strengthening of the left’s power. Owen spent much of the day pointedly sitting on the stairs of the hall, away from the other delegates, his expression one of photogenic fury. The following day, the gang of four summoned the journalists to the east London house, which was Owen’s elegant family home. For several hours, while the reporters waited in the street, the politicians discussed and drafted a short manifesto – pausing for a lunch of wine, cheese and salad – that they titled the Limehouse declaration . At teatime, after 18 drafts, with the deadlines for the next day’s papers fast approaching, the document was handed out to the reporters. It announced the founding of a “council for social democracy”, which would “reverse Britain’s economic decline”, “eliminate poverty”, “create an open … more equal society”, and counter “the drift towards extremism in the Labour party”. Over the next few weeks, this council haphazardly but quickly crystallised into a new political party. There were newspaper ads appealing for donations and other support, signed by centre-left notables such as Lord Young , the author of Labour’s famously successful 1945 general election manifesto. There were excited debates about what the party’s name should be: Progressive Labour, Democratic Labour and New Labou	1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? 3. If Alpha is 1, and Beta is 2, what is 6? 4. If Tony Blackburn won in 2002, Phil Tuffnell won in 2003, and Kerry Katona won in 2004, who won in 2007? 5. If David Lloyd George is 1, Andrew Bonal Law is 2, and Stanley Baldwin is 3, who is 4? 6. If Liverpool won in 2006, and Chelsea won in 2007, who won in 2008? 7. How many pints does a 10- gallon hat hold? 8. Who was murdered by Fitzurse, de Tracy, de Morville and Le Breton? 9. Who presents Location, Location, Location with Phil Spencer? 10. From what ancient activity does the word ‘crestfallen’ come? 11. What non-mechanical sport achieves the highest speeds? 12. What major city is on an island in the St Lawrence river? 13. Who succeeded Alf Ramsey to become caretaker manger for the English national football team in 1974? 14. What did Britain’s roads first acquire in 1914? 15. Which former Liverpool player held the record for the fastest hat-trick, scoring 3 goals in less than 5 minutes? 16. Myleen Klass (pictured) now presents 10 Years Younger on Channel 4, but what was the name of the pop band that gave her success in 2001? 17. Who was the presenter of Out Of Town in the 1960s who went on to appear on the children’s TV programme How? 18. Whose autobiography is called Dear Fatty? 19. Who were Tom and Barbara’s neighbours in The Good Life? 20. In Cockney rhyming slang what are your ‘Daisy Roots’? 21. What is the surname of the twin brothers who compiled the Guinness Book of Records together between 1955 and 1975? 22. Which actor played Columbo? 23. Does the Bactrian camel have one hump, or two? 24. Where is the world's largest four-faced chiming clock? 25. Concerned about the impact of uncontrolled development and industrialisation, what National Charity was founded in 1895 by three Victorian philanthropists, Miss Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley? 26. What famous make of motorcycle was Lawrence of Arabia riding when he was tragically killed in Dorset in 1936? 27. What colour of flag should a ship fly to show it is in quarantine? 28. Purple Brittlegill, Velvet Shank and Orange Milkcap are three types of what? 29. What is the name of the flats where the Trotters lived in Only Fools And Horses? 30. In computing, what does the abbreviation USB stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Saturn; 2. Tom Baker (Doctor Who actors); 3. Zeta; 4. Christopher Biggins. (I’m a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here. Joe Pasquale 04, Carol Thatcher 05, Matt Willis 06, and Joe Swash 08); 5. Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Ministers post WW1); 6. Portsmouth (FA Cup); 7. 6; 8. Thomas Becket; 9. Kirstie Allsopp; 10. Cockfighting; 11. Sky-diving; 12. Montreal; 13. Joe Mercer; 14. White Lines; 15. Robbie Fowler; 16. Hearsay; 17. Jack Hargreaves; 18. Dawn French; 19. Margo and Jerry Leadbetter; 20. Boots; 21. McWhirter (Ross and Norris); 22. Peter Falk; 23. Two; 24. The Clock Tower on the Palace of Westminster in London (Big Ben is the nickname for the bell); 25. The National Trust; 26. Brough Superior; 27. Yellow; 28. Fungi; 29. Nelson Mandela House; 30. Universal Serial Bus Like us on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,131	What Los Angeles street gang is rivals with the Crips?	18th Street Gang in Los Angeles County \| Shatto Park \| Columbia Lil Cycos \| Alsace \| Red Shield \| South Central \| Smiley Dr \| Rimpau \| 106th \| Grand View \| StreetGangs.Com By Alex Alonso Staff Writer Streetgangs updated December 22, 2002 updated June 25, 2008 “The spread of 18th Street’s violence is shown by 154 murders linked to the gang from 1985 to 1995. This only plots homicides within Los Angeles where the killings have been tied to the gang.” The killings on the map show 18th Street as both victims and assailants of murder and one can see a concentration west of the 110 Freeway near downtown Los Angeles, November 17-19, 1996. In Los Angeles the 18th Street gang is considered the largest gang in Los Angeles County but that label is very misleading. Even though 18th Street are estimated to have approximately 15,000 members in Los Angeles County, they are actually a collection of approximately 20 separate individual autonomous gangs operating under the same label with separate barrios in the San Fernando Valley, the San Gabriel Valley, the South Bay, South Los Angeles, Downtown Los Angeles, Pico Union, Inglewood, and Cudahy. Some estimates of the 18th Street are as low as 8,000 members. The notoriety of the gang is based on four distinct barrios, three near downtown Los Angeles west of the Staple’s Center and the 110 Freeway, and one in the West Adams area. The individual factions can number from 50 to several hundred members and they are dispersed throughout the County, but their strong hold and their oldest barrio is located in the Pico Union (Grand View, Hoover clicks) area east of the Staples Center between the Harbor 110 Freeway (east) and Hoover Ave (west). Slightly to the north, are two other barrios in the Shatto Park and MacArthur Park (Colombia Lil Cycos click) areas. There are also two significant size 18th Street Barrios in South LA, one between Vernon (north) and Slauson (south) along Vermont Avenue and the second one being between Florence (north) and 91st Street (south). One of the most infamous 18th Street neighborhoods would be in the West Adams (Smiley, Alsace, Lil Lowks) because member Catorina Gonzales was convicted for killing LAPD officer Filbert Cuesta in 1998, and more recently, member Pedro Espinoza was charged in the murder of High School star athlete Jamiel Shaw stemming from the conflict with the Bloods. The media often states that 18th Street is the largest gang in Los Angeles, but the largest single Hispanic gang in terms of turf size and membership would be one of 18th Street’s main rivals, the Florencia 13 gang that has a turf that stretches from Western (west) to Compton Avenues (east). Members of this gang were indicted by the Federal Government in a RICO case in 2007 on drug trafficking and murder charges. Historical Background The 18th Street gang formed around 1965 in the Pico Union area when members of larger Westside Clanton 14th Street neighborhood decided to start a new click. Originally, 18th Street was a click of the bigger Clanton 14th Street neighborhood (First Hood) who had another neighborhood, Eastside Clanton that was split by the freeway construction of the early 1950s. As membership of Clanton grew, newer members who lived off of 18th Street decided to start Clanton 18th Street. Forming a new click of a gang can sometimes be a challenge, because some members may look at it as an action that does not unify but separates the neighborhood, and possibly creates division between members that will be forced to choose sides during a conflict. On the other hand, adding a click can expand the turf, bring in more members, and make the neighborhood appear to be stronger. There is usually a protocol to creating a new click and each neighborhood is different when it comes to that, but ultimately Clanton 14 core members did not approve of having Clanton 18. One of the reasons why original Clanton members began to reject the 18th click, was because it was being led by a non Mexican-American, named Rocky Lee Glover (b. 1950 – ). The new click members had to make a decis	Index-a The live album Beauty and the Beat featured pianist George Shearring and which singer? Peggy Lee Whose band was the Tijuana Brass? Herb Alpert Who were Cliff Richard's backing group through the 60s? The Shadows Who were the famous backing singers on most of Elvis Presley's early hits? The Jordanaires The Stratocaster is a model of which guitar maker? Fender Which piano-playing singer's first hit was The Fat Man? Fats Domino Which American rock'n'roll star caused controversy when he married a young teenager? Jerry Lee Lewis Who made the highly rated 1959 jazz album Kind of Blue? Miles Davis Which iconic British female singer made the highly regarded album titled '(her first name) in Memphis' ? Dusty Springfield Whose band was the All Stars? Junior Walker (Jr Walker) Larry Adler played what instrument? Harmonica Whose childhood hit was Fingertips? Stevie Wonder Which guitar innovator and player has a range of Gibson Guitars named after him? Les Paul The founding brother members of the Kinks were Ray and Dave what? Davies What was Smokey Robinson's most famous band called? The Miracles Kenny Ball and his Jazzmen's 1962 hit was called March of the ... what? Siamese Children Who sang the hit theme song Rawhide? Frankie Laine John Mayall's band which helped launch Eric Clapton's career was called what? Bluesbreakers Rock Around the Clock was a hit for Bill Haley and his ... what? Comets Which comedy actor had a novelty hit with My Boomerang Won't Come Back? Charlie Drake Who sang with Serge Gainsbourg on the hit Je t'aime? Jane Birkin Colin Blunstone fronted which 1960s group? The Zombies What Eastenders star sang on the novelty hit Come Outside? Wendy Richard Jiles Perry (JP) Richardson Jr, who died in the same plane crash as Ritchie Valens and Buddy Holly was better known by what name?Big Bopper Which later-to-be-famous solo singer and guitarist toured as a member of the Beach Boys in the mid 60s? Glen Campbell Who had sang the hit song Little Old Wine Drinker Me? Dean Martin What famous 'two-fingered' jazz guitarist died in 1953? Django Reinhardt (Jean-Baptiste Reinhardt) What song, released to promote the film The Millionairess, featured its stars Peter Sellers and Sophia Loren? Goodness Gracious Me Who managed the Beatles' prior to his early death in 1967? Brian Epstein Whose nickname was a derived from the term satchel-mouth? Louis Armstrong (Satchmo) What's the name of the motorbiker who dies in the Shangri-Las' hit The Leader of the Pack? Jimmy Which singing-songwriting founder of the Flying Burrito Brothers died age 26, after which his body was 'stolen' by a friend and burnt in the Joshua Tree National Park? Gram Parsons Which American singer and entertainer was nicknamed Schnozzola, because of his large nose? Jimmy Durante Who wrote and had a hit with the instrumental Classical Gas? Mason Williams Who wrote Patsy Cline's hit Crazy? Willie Nelson What city hosted the Beatles as the resident band at the Kaiserkeller and Top Ten Club? Hamburg The Isley Brothers' hit was called Behind a ... what? Painted Smile 1950-60s record turntables commonly offered four speeds: 33, 45, 78, and what other? 16 (technically the speeds were 33⅓ and 16⅔ but record decks tended to show only the whole numbers) American DJ Robert Weston Smith was better known by what stage name? Wolfman Jack What ridiculously titled song was a hit in 1954 for Max Bygraves in the UK and the Four Lads in the USA? Gilly Gilly Ossenfeffer Katzenellen Bogen by the Sea Who had the 1965 instrumental hit Spanish Flea? Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass What was Emile Ford and the Checkmates' 1959 hit, supposedly the longest ever question in a UK No1 song title? What Do You Want to Make Those Eyes at Me For? Who singer-guitarist's backing band was The Bruvvers? Joe Brown Which Rolling Stones guitarist died in a swimming pool in 1969? Bri	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,132	In 1893, which was the first country to impose driving tests and issue driving licences?	14 August 1893: World's first driving licences introduced - MoneyWeek By: Chris Carter 14/08/2014 When Jules-Albert de Dion crossed the finish line five minutes ahead of everyone else in the world’s first motor car competition in 1894, he wasn’t very happy. And it wasn’t just because the first prize went to the guy behind him. The previous year, Louis Lépine became the top civil servant at the Seine police department, covering Paris and the surrounding countryside. He wasn’t long in the job when he decided the new-fangled machines gracing the streets of the capital needed regulating. And so, on 14 August 1893, the Paris Police Ordinance took effect. The new regulations required drivers to have number plates on their cars and adhere to a speed limit of 20km/h on country roads and 12km/h in built-up areas. It also created two other world firsts: driving tests and driving licences – the certficat de capacité de conduit d’un véhicule à moteur. The new speed limit wouldn’t have worried you much – at least not at first. Jules-Albert de Dion averaged 20km/h over the 79 miles from Paris to Rouen – and he was in a hurry. That said, the first woman to gain a driving licence, the duchess of Uzès, was also the first person to get a speeding ticket in 1898. The early driving tests wouldn’t have cost you much sleep either. You just had to prove you could pull away, steer, stop and have a vague idea of why you broke down. Of course, you wouldn’t have had any formal lessons – those appeared in 1917. But it wasn’t until 1935 that driving tests arrived in Britain. Driving licences didn’t go down well with these early motoring enthusiasts. Perhaps fearing government meddling in their hobby, they formed themselves into groups. One such group was led by the aggrieved Jules-Albert de Dion, who in 1895 founded the Automobile Club de France – a Paris gentleman’s club still in existence today. Also on this day On this day in 1980, dockworkers at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk downed tools, leading to the formation of the Solidarity trade union. Read more here . THE END OF OIL Understanding how the end of oil will affect your life and money is the single most important thing you’ll do in the next decade. And it will affect you, because it’ll affect everyone. But only a handful of people will be bold enough to see what’s happening and move early to take advantage. That’s exactly what our research report “The End of Oil” is designed to help you do. Which way now for Britain? The best choice for our relationship with the EU Why Punch's investors will toast Heineken Santa's bad example	Snowy Afternoon quiz [Archive] - CPFC BBS 1. As at 2008 which corporation owns the brands Duracell, Braun and Gillette? 2. Who was the first artist to appear at the new Wembley Stadium? 3. In which year did the first Mersey road tunnel open? 4. In which country was Imry Nagy twice Prime Minister, executed for treason in 1958 and reburied as a hero in 1989? 5. Which English artist and engraver is famed for his paintings of horses? 6. American jazz musician Art Tatum excelled on which instrument? 7. What is the technical term for a solid figure with five plane (flat) faces? 8. A boomslang is what type of creature? 9. What is grandpa's name in the TV show The Munsters? 10. In which country was Greenpeace founded? 11. Who succeeded James Callaghan as leader of Britain's Labour Party? 12. Which student of Socrates, and teacher of Aristole, wrote Republic? 13. What is the name of the assembly of cardinals for the election of a pope? 14. Chiromancy is the technical name for what pseudoscience (claimed but not proven to be scientific)? 15. The Karnak Temple complex, dating back to the ancient city of Thebes, is in which country? 16. As at 2008 what is the most popularly attended concert venue in the world (highest audience numbers per year)? 17. Nanga Parbat, meaning 'naked mountain', the 9th highest in the world, is part of which mountain range? 18. In which year was the United Nations founded? 19. Which American singer's real name was Eunice Wayman? 20. The ghost of great Dane dog Kabur, said to haunt Los Angeles Pet Cemetery, belonged to which 1920s screen idol? 21. Who wrote Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance? 22. What country hosts the World Wife-Carrying Championships? 23. What country temporarily renamed its currency Bolivar Fuerte (meaning strong Bolivar) while phasing out the use of the previous Bolivar alongside it? 24. What vital mechanism did Elisha Otis invent in 1852? 25. What is Earl's band called in the TV series My Name is Earl? 26. Which British MP claims responsibility for introducing speed bumps ('sleeping policemen') to UK roads? 27. Who holds the record for the longest televised successful golf putt (as at 2008)? 28. Harrisburg is the capital of which US state? 29. What are the Italian cheese balls whose name translates as 'small mouthfuls? 30. What did Colonel Thomas Blood attempt to steal in 1671? Psychokiller 02-02-2009, 03:06 PM 1. As at 2008 which corporation owns the brands Duracell, Braun and Gillette? P&G 4. In which country was Imry Nagy twice Prime Minister, executed for treason in 1958 and reburied as a hero in 1989? Hungary 5. Which English artist and engraver is famed for his paintings of horses? Stubbs 11. Who succeeded James Callaghan as leader of Britain's Labour Party? Foot 12. Which student of Socrates, and teacher of Aristole, wrote Republic? Plato 15. The Karnak Temple complex, dating back to the ancient city of Thebes, is in which country? Egypt 18. In which year was the United Nations founded? 1949? 23. What country temporarily renamed its currency Bolivar Fuerte (meaning strong Bolivar) while phasing out the use of the previous Bolivar alongside it? Venezuala (sp) 30. What did Colonel Thomas Blood attempt to steal in 1671? Crown Jewels brighton_eagle 02-02-2009, 03:09 PM The answer I have is elevator brake. Which allowed him to build the safety elevator which is commonly known as the elevator today. So whilst correct, your answer is not the only answer. Sorry. Carry on.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,133	Which brewery makes the beer 'Spitfire'?	Spitfire (Premium Ale Export) \| Shepherd Neame Ltd \| BeerAdvocate 3.49/5 rDev -3.9% look: 3.25 \| smell: 3.5 \| taste: 3.5 \| feel: 3.5 \| overall: 3.5 Enjoyed this on the ferry from Calais to Dover. Nice and tart , like a bitter should be. Nut brown color with thin head, bitterness nips the tongue right from the get-go. Liked this a lot.... 191 characters 3.13/5 rDev -13.8% look: 3.5 \| smell: 3.5 \| taste: 3 \| feel: 2.75 \| overall: 3 Purchased at the LCBO for just over $2.00 for a 500ml can. Served at 4deg C in a draught glass A- Opens well and pours a 1" high white head that films out within 2mins. Very dark gold almost brown colour and filtered clear S- Has that malty character you expect from an English ale. T- Not so good. Bitternes abounds. Light and malty without much hops at all. Pretty simple brew that does not excite me at all M- Dry and uninspired O- Not so good. Will not buy again. Lucky if this one doesn't go back to LCBO. Food Pairing This not so good brew went ok with...... chips, pretzels or anything salty that will help this one go down. Enjoy 3.75/5 rDev +3.3% look: 3.75 \| smell: 3.75 \| taste: 3.75 \| feel: 3.75 \| overall: 3.75 From bottle, This beer has a dark amber appearance, with toffee and dried fruit aromatics. A full and textual mouth-feel leave a lasting spicy bitter after taste. 162 characters 4.28/5 rDev +17.9% look: 4.5 \| smell: 4 \| taste: 4.5 \| feel: 4 \| overall: 4.25 Nice malty sweet flavor. Not too heavy on the carbonation and caramel hints not as strong. Mellow hops at just the right balance so as not to be the dominant flavor profile the way I like it. Very drinkable. One of my go-to beers when I'm indecisive. 250 characters 4.45/5 rDev +22.6% look: 4.5 \| smell: 4.5 \| taste: 4.5 \| feel: 4 \| overall: 4.5 This was once a favourite of mine, I still drink it but there is a heck of a lot of quality beers and ales competing for top spot. Spitfire is in the top 10 English beers in my opinion. Problem with Shepherd and Neame is they produce so many excellent beers the drinker is spoilt for choice. So its Spitfire for the session, Early Bird and Late Red to match the seasons. 375 characters 3.55/5 rDev -2.2% look: 3.5 \| smell: 3.5 \| taste: 3.5 \| feel: 4 \| overall: 3.5 L: crystal-clear, burnished tawny liquid... fairly tall, downy head that slowly slinks away... might as well be no lace S: fairly typical for these bottled imports from the UK - bread crust, grassy earth, mildly nutty yeast, dull dried apple, and a touch of black peppercorns T: almost like whole wheat bread and a little drier than expected... in the middle, some soft notes of an unripe pear covered in field dust... toasty with browning dried hop cones on the outer edges, moderately bitter for the origin, with perhaps a tiny nip of dusty dried yeast... touch of sweetness and hop left in the aftertaste F: clean, about medium-bodied, with a smooth, dry finish... quite easy to put back, and hardly filling with its quite mellow carbonation O: though the taste may be ever so slightly off here (no bottle date), this has an assertive, pleasant-enough English hop flavor with arguably a slight edge over the clean yet depth-y malt foundation... you're still not gonna find many American breweries making a pale like this 1,027 characters look: 3.5 \| smell: 3.75 \| taste: 3.5 \| feel: 3.25 \| overall: 3.5 Bro' got this and gave me one. Here goes: A: Light, clear brown with sufficient carbonation. Some lacing and an OK head that readily dissipates. Nothing special - generic EPA. S: Generic pale ale. Very grainy but toasty malt (some caramel). Lots of baker's yeast; in fact, the baker's yeast is probably the more prominent flavor. Yeast imparts some fruity, phenolic scents, like in Bass's pale ale. In sum, grainy malt and fruity baker's yeast. T: Follows the nose. Grainy malt followed by bready baker's yeast. Good, but I think Bass is better. F: Toasty, good carbonation. O: Good beer. Nice to kick back with and drink with the folks. 658 characters look: 4 \| smell: 2.5 \| taste: 3.25 \| feel: 3 \| overall: 3.5 Served in two	The Rolls-Royce Spitfire XIX PS853 – Rolls-Royce Home \| About \| Our story \| The Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust \| Articles \| The Rolls-Royce Spitfire XIX PS853 The Rolls-Royce Spitfire XIX PS853 The Supermarine Spitfire is one of the best loved and widely recognised British aircraft of all time. It was designed by Reginald J Mitchell, who also designed the Supermarine S-series racing seaplanes which secured the Schneider Trophy after competition wins in 1927, 1929 and 1931. The prototype Spitfire, K5054, first flew on 5 March 1936 powered by a Rolls-Royce Merlin, the last of Sir Henry Royce’s engine concepts before his death. Delivery of the first production Mk1 Spitfires into RAF squadron service took place from July 1938. The Spitfire and the Hawker Hurricane with their Merlin engines achieved lasting fame during the Battle of Britain in 1940. By the time production ceased, more than 22,000 Spitfires and Seafires (naval versions of the Spitfire) were built. Merlin engine developments brought the aircraft better performance, but the last marks of Spitfire used the larger, more powerful Griffon engine. A total of 48 variants were made during the development and production of the aircraft over 10 years. They served in every combat theatre, operating as fighters, fighter-bombers, and reconnaissance aircraft as well as the Seafires which operated from aircraft carriers. It was the only allied fighter to remain in full production and front-line RAF service both prior to and after World War Two. The Spitfire also served in 28 other air forces across the world. The Rolls-Royce Spitfire, PS853, is an unarmed, high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft, one of a batch of 79 Mk XIXs built at Supermarine, Southampton. The Mk XIX was powered by the 2,050 hp Griffon 65 or 66 and represents the pinnacle of the Spitfire’s development in terms of speed and altitude capability with a top speed of 446mph (730 km/h) and a ceiling of 42,000ft (12,800 m). PS853 was delivered to the Central Photographic Reconnaissance Unit at RAF Benson on 13 January 1945, before moving to Belgium and Holland. The aircraft was engaged on active service with 16 Squadron up until the end of the war and participated in “Operation Crossbow” to detect V1 and V2 launch sites. At the end of the war it remained on duty in Germany until March 1946 when it returned to the UK and was placed in storage. In 1950, PS853 was one of several Mk XIX Spitfires assigned to conduct meteorological research, known as the Temperature and Humidity of the Upper Air Masses (THUM) Flight. PS853 performed the last ever THUM sortie on 10 June 1957. Along with sister XIXs PM631 and PS915, PS853 retired into ceremonial and display duties to form the RAF’s Historic Aircraft Flight, the forerunner of today’s Battle of Britain Memorial Flight (BBMF). It spent less than a year with the HAF before being transferred to other duties. In 1963 PS853 was selected for a very special mission where it was used in combat trials with an English Electric Lightning at RAF Binbrook. After completing these trials PS853 was returned to the BBMF in 1964 where it remained until 1995. In 1996, Rolls-Royce bought PS853 to replace the original Rolls-Royce Spitfire XIV, G-ALGT. The aircraft was re-registered as G-RRGN; the RR for obvious reasons and the GN after the drawing number prefix allocated to Griffon engine parts. The aircraft is painted as 'C' of No. 16 Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron, 2nd Tactical Air Force, being the identity PS853 wore during its wartime service. The Rolls-Royce Spitfire, as PS853 is now popularly known, has become widely renowned as an ambassador for Rolls-Royce appearing at air displays and charity events as well as at our own corporate events. Not only does it represent the heritage of the Spitfire and the Rolls-Royce engines that powered them, it honours the pilots of all nations who flew them and the men and women who built and maintained them. The aircraft is based in a dedicated hangar at East Midlands Airport, near Derby. It can be seen around the display circuit between Ap	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,134	In 2012 British MP Nadine Dorries controversially appeared on what reality TV show?	British lawmaker criticized for joining reality TV show \| Fox News British lawmaker criticized for joining reality TV show Published November 06, 2012 Facebook 0 Twitter 0 Email Print In this photo made from video on Sept. 5, 2012, Conservative MP Nadine Dorries talks during Parliament, in London. (AP) LONDON – A British lawmaker is swapping the political jungle for the Australian rainforest and becoming a contestant on a reality TV show. Conservative legislator Nadine Dorries is facing criticism for taking part in "I'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here," which strands C-list celebrities in the Australian wilderness and subjects them to trials involving assorted creepy-crawlies. Dorries was criticized Tuesday for taking up to a month off from her parliamentary duties. Former Conservative legislator Harry Greenway called the decision "outrageous." In 2006, lawmaker George Galloway appeared on the TV show "Celebrity Big Brother" -- and was widely mocked for escapades that included lapping imaginary milk while pretending to be a cat. Dorries is an outspoken backbencher, best known for her prolific blogging and anti-abortion stance. Advertisement	The Thick of It - 必应 Sign in The Thick of It The Thick of It is a British comedy television series that satirises the inner workings of modern British government. It was first broadcast for two short series on BBC Four in 2005, initially with a small cast focusing on a government minister, his advisers and their party's spin-doctor. The cast was significantly expanded for two hour-long specials to coincide with Christmas and Gordon Brown's appointment as prime minister in 2007, which saw new characters forming the opposition party added to the cast. These characters continued when the show s ... (展开) switched channels to BBC Two for its third series in 2009. A fourth series about a coalition government was broadcast in 2012, with the last episode transmitted on 27 October 2012. In a 2012 interview, series creator Armando Iannucci said the fourth series of the programme would probably be its last. The series has been described as the 21st century's answer to Yes Minister, highlighting the struggles and conflicts between politicians, party spin doctors, advisers, civil servants and the media. As with Yes Minister, the political parties involved are never mentioned by name, although the context makes clear which is which. Iannucci describes it as "Yes Minister meets Larry Sanders". The journalist and former civil servant Martin Sixsmith is an adviser to the writing team, giving some of the storylines an element of realism. The series became well known for its profanity and for featuring storylines which have mirrored, or in some cases predicted real-life policies, events or scandals. A feature film spin-off, In the Loop, was released in the UK on 17 April 2009. A pilot for a U.S. remake of the show was not successful, but Iannucci was subsequently invited to create Veep for HBO, a program with a very similar tone and political issues, with the involvement of some The Thick of It writers and production members. 关于The Thick of It，网友们最关心的问题 1 Background Armando Iannucci originally conceived of a modern political satire after "arguing the case" for Yes Minister in a 2004 Best British Sitcom poll for BBC Two. His idea was commissioned by Roly Keating, the controller of BBC Four, who granted Iannucci limited budget, telling him to "turn that into what you can." Iannucci created the first series of three episodes, which aired in May–June 2005, and a second series, also of three episodes, which followed in October. Writing The series is written by a team of writers led by Armando Iannucci, who also directs the series, with Jesse Armstrong, Simon Blackwell, Roger Drew, Sean Gray, Ian Martin, Will Smith and Tony Roche. Some of the dialogue is improvised rather than scripted (with the cast credited as providing "additional material"), and includes some very strong language. Peter Capaldi said "Fundamentally 80% of the final cut is the script that we started with. The improvisation just makes it feel more real and not written." Prior to rehearsals, the scripts are sent to a "swearing consultant" in Lancaster called Ian Martin, who adds some of the more colourful language. The programme's producer is Adam Tandy, who has produced all of Iannucci's television projects since 2000. The programme is shot with hand-held cameras to give it a sense of vérité or fly-on-the-wall documentary. The documentary style is furthered by the absence of any incidental music or laughter track. The Thick of It Plot The action centres on the fictional Department of Social Affairs and Citizenship ("DoSAC" – previously the Department of Social Affairs, or "DSA", prior to the reshuffle of episode five), which supposedly came out of the prime minister's passing enthusiasm for "joined-up government". Thus it acts as a "super department" overseeing many others, which enables different political themes to be dealt with in the programme, similar to the Department of Administrative Affairs in Yes Minister. Hugh Abbot, played by Chris Langham, is a blundering minister heading the department, who is continually trying to do his job under the watchful eye of Malcolm Tu	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,135	Often used as bedding or house plants, how is Impatiens walleriana better known?	Impatiens: How to Plant, Grow, and Care for Impatiens \| The Old Farmer's Almanac How to Plant, Grow, and Care for Impatiens White and orange impatiens Rate this Article: Average: 3.7 (204 votes) Impatiens is a beautiful annual that makes an excellent houseplant or summer bedding plant. It is also known as “Busy Lizzie” and its name is a Latin word that describes the way its seeds shoot out of its pods when ripe (the slightest touch can make a ripe impatiens seed pod burst open and scatter its seeds). Impatiens like shade and moisture. Planting Plant impatiens transplants after the last spring frost in humus-rich, moist, well-drained soil. Make sure the plants have some shelter from the wind. The closer impatiens plants are, the taller they will grow, so space accordingly (impatiens plants can grown anywhere between 6 and 30 inches tall). For flower beds, plant 8 to 12 inches apart so the plants will stay low to the ground. You can mix in compost or a slow-release fertilizer before transplanting to help the plants. If you have impatiens plants in containers, use a sterile or soil-less growing mixture to ensure better drainage for the plants. Care The most important thing to remember about impatiens plants is to water them regularly. Keep them moist, but not too wet. If the plants dry out, they will lose their leaves. If you over-water the plants, this could encourage fungal diseases. Remember container plants will need more water. Pests/Diseases	What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was th - Pastebin.com In what country can one find 40 species of lemurs? A: Madagascar. RAW Paste Data What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was the first motor race held that was classed as Formula 1? 1950 In the wild west, how was Henry McCarty better known? Billy The Kid How many stories did each of the World Trade Towers have? 110 What is the name of the cafe in Coronation Street? Roy's Rolls According to the BBC how many rooms are there in Buckingham Palace? 775 What is the busiest single-runway airport in the world? London Gatwick By number of films made, which country has the largest film industry? India Who lit the Olympic flame at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics? Muhammad Ali On what day of the year is St George's day held? 23rd of April The scientific unit lumen is used in the measurement of what? Light Which Apollo moon mission was the first to carry a lunar rover vehicle? Apollo 15 Who wrote the Twilight series of novels? Stephenie Meyer What is the capital of India? New Delhi Who wrote the poem 'The Owl and the Pussycat'? Edward Lear Which country had a secret police force known as the Tonton Macoute? Haiti In which city is the European Parliament based? Strasbourg Gala, Jonagold and Pink Lady are varieties of which fruit? Apple Which organ of the body is affected by Bright's Disease? Kidney What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin? 373 K What was the 1st human invention that broke the sound barrier? The whip What name was given to the Samurai code of honour? Bushido What colour is the bullseye on a standard dartboard? Red What song does the main character wake up to every morning in Groundhog Day? I Got You Babe What is the only Central American country in which baseball, not soccer, is the people's favourite sport? Nicaragua What is the largest fresh water lake in North America? Lake Superior Which South American country was named after the Italian city of Venice? Venezuela How many rounds are there in an olympic boxing match? 4 The highest temperature ever recorded outside in the shade was recorded in Azizah, in Africa. In which country is this city located? Libya Which Hasbro `action figure` got its name from a Robert Mitchum film? G.I. Joe In which country is the highest mountain in South America? Argentina How many emirates make up the United Arab Emirates? 7 If you were putting numbers on new changing room lockers to be numbered from 1 to 100, how many times would you use the number 9? 20 Which famous group performed the first ever song on Top Of The Pops in 1964? The Rolling Stones Who wrote the novel Revolutionary Road, which was made into a successful feature film? Richard Yates Which supermodel is seen pole dancing in the White Stripes video for the song `I Just Don`t Know What To Do With Myself`? Kate Moss Which band has released albums titled `Word Gets Around`, `Just Enough Education To Perform` and `Pull The Pin`? Stereophonics In the Adrian Mole Diaries, what is the surname of his girlfriend? Braiwaithe Charlotte Edwards led England`s women to World Cup glory in which sport in March 2009? Cricket What is sake made from? Rice Affenpinscher, Keeshond and Leonberger are all types of what? Dog Who won the 2009 Rugby World Sevens Cup? Wales Who is the only player to win a Champion`s League medal, the Premiership and the FA Cup, and to be relegated from the Premiership without going on to play in the Championship? Kanu With which club did David Beckham make his football league debut? Preston North End Who is the host of the TV show Q.I.? Stephen Fry Anyone Can Fall In Love was a chart hit set to the theme tune of which TV show? EastEnders Who is the only character to appear in the first ever Coronation Street who is still in the show at 2009? Ken Barlow The film `Black Hawk Down` was loosely based on a true incident that took place in 1993 in which country? Somalia What word does the bird constantly repeat in Edgar Allan Poe`s classic poem `The Raven`? Nevermore In the board game `Risk`, what c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,136	In 1962 when minister Pat Robertson decided to prop-up a failing TV channel, he set a membership goal with each member contributing $10 a month to sustain the channel. How many people did Robertson plan on making members?	The Power Hour News SEPTEMBER 2011 Syrian regime supporters pelt US envoy with eggs BEIRUT (AP) ï¿½ Angry supporters of President Bashar Assad's regime hurled tomatoes and eggs at the U.S. ambassador to Syria on Thursday as he entered the office of a leading opposition figure and then tried to break into the building, trapping him inside for three hours. The Obama administration blamed the Syrian government for the attack in Damascus, saying it was part of an ongoing, orchestrated campaign to intimidate American diplomats in the country. Gilo plan ï¿½a flagrant violation of international lawï¿½ Ankara- Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu issued on Thursday September 29th, 2011 statement condemning decision by Israeli occupation authorities to permit construction of new homes in the illegal Israeli settlement of ï¿½Giloï¿½ in the Occupied East Jerusalem. ï¿½It raises serious suspicions about its sincerity, true intentions,ï¿½ he announced. France: Iran faces high risk of military strike. Russia practices Iranian reprisal DEBKAfile - Ambassador Gerard Araud warned Wednesday, Sept. 28 that Iran runs a high risk of a military strike if it continues on the path to nuclear proliferation. "Some countries won't accept the prospect of Tehran reaching the threshold of nuclear armament," he said. "Personally I am convinced that it would be a very complicated operation ï¿½with disastrous consequences in the region." Hands off our taxpayers, Flaherty tells U.S. Jim Flaherty, Canada's Finance Minister, has leapt into a simmering battle over a U.S. tax crackdown in Canada, accusing the United States Friday of targeting and frightening "honest and law-abiding" people who generally owe no taxes... On a second front, "government-to-government conversations" are underway involving the U.S. Treasury Department on proposed U.S. legislation that will compel Canadian banks to turn over information on their American clients to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, according to a source briefed on the matter. UN salaries hiked 'dramatically' The Obama administration told the United Nations that too few of its 10,307 workers are being cut and average salaries, currently $119,000 a year, have risen ï¿½dramatically.ï¿½ The U.S. ambassador for UN management and reform, Joseph M. Torsella, said today that the proposed $5.2 billion UN budget for the next two years would scrap only 44 jobs, a 0.4 percent reduction. After an ï¿½onslaughtï¿½ of add-ons, the 2012-13 budget would rise more than 2 percent to $5.5 billion, he said. Hugo Chavez in hospital 'for kidney failure' Sep 29, 2011 - The leftist, staunchly anti-US stalwart Chavez went into the Military Hospital in Caracas on Tuesday morning, the report on the newspaper's website said, citing anonymous sources with knowledge of the case. "He was in fairly serious overall condition," a source told the Miami-based Spanish-language daily. "When he arrived, he was in quite serious shape and that is why he was brought in for emergency care."... On Sunday, Chavez sought to assure Venezuelans he was healthy, telling them that cancer-fighting chemotherapy treatment has not left him with any debilitating side effects. U.S. News, Politics & Government 700 Pilots Question United Continental Merger Issues in Wall Street Protest- Corporate Media refuses to report it More than 700 Continental and United Continental pilots took to Wall Street on Tuesday to protest slow contract negotiations and misinformation regarding merger integration. The demonstrating pilots marched together, queitely, in order and in full uniform, holding two signs. ï¿½Merger Progress is More than Painting Airplanes,ï¿½ said one sign. ï¿½Management is Destroying our Airline,ï¿½ said another sign. See photos here. Poll: Ron Paul v Obama a dead heat in Fla. Public Policy Polling, a Democratic-leaning polling firm, shows Rep. Ron Paul, R-Texas, and former Gov. Mitt Romney, R-Mass., trailing President Obama by	Committed Cynic \| Better than being a politician, or a pundit. Better than being a politician, or a pundit. Essential reading for the committed cynic September 30, 2009 If you want to stay informed about the UK’s political shenanigans, then Private Eye is essential reading. The magazine is published fortnightly, and gives more details on the goings-on in and around British politics than anything else you can buy (it’s £1.50 well-spent). It also has the distinction of being Britain’s most-sued publication; not that surprising if you know how truly appalling UK libel laws are. Were you try and set up a similar publication today, nobody would offer any financial backing because of the outrageous risks involved. The magazine’s editor, Ian Hislop , has become almost blasé about that. In one high-profile case brought by that pillar of society Robert Maxwell , his remark to reporters outside the court upon losing was, “I’ve just given a fat cheque to a fat Czech“. As some might remember, that unctuous media mogul who was born Ján Ludvík Hoch, once owned, and was chairman of, Oxford United Football Club. Perennially absent from the team’s matches, the fans had their own little chant for the man who saved their club from bankruptcy: “He’s fat. He’s round. He’s never at the ground. It’s Cap’n Bob, Cap’n Bob“. Rupert Murdoch, better known to Eye readers as The Dirty Digger,saw his arch-rival, Maxwell, subsequently vanish – supposedly falling off his yacht in the middle of the ocean. The body was never found, and the timing of the disappearance was spookily convenient; there was a huge scandal surrounding the fact that he had robbed the pension funds of his newspapers to prop up his business empire. Ian Hislop – on the other hand – is, allegedly, still alive and doing rather well. He’s instantly recognisable to most people in the UK as one of the team captains on the popular satirical show, Have I Got News For You . And to close, let me explain the joke in the above magazine cover for non-UK readers. Question Time is a popular topical debate programme on the BBC. Sometime in the coming month, it expected that the leader of the British National Party will appear on the show . The BNP are the inheritors of Oswald Mosley’s legacy, and successors to the British Union of Facists . The speech bubble is a play on host David Dimbleby ‘s manner when selecting members of the audience to put questions to the panel. As a comment below suggests I add, the actual origin of the show’s name comes from a long-running tradition of the British House of Commons, Prime Minister’s Questions . Computer security that works? September 30, 2009 While I am happily sitting here typing away in Linux ( Ubuntu 9.04 ), the vast majority of desktop PC users are still stuck with Windows. Yes, I still have a copy of Windows on my PC, but I’m somewhat forced to do so; I need to be able to run Internet Explorer to test websites. As virtually everyone will attest, possibly the biggest headache with Windows is the threat of viruses and all the other malicious software that wants to control your PC, spy on what you’re doing, or use you your machine to help launch a distributed denial of service attack against some random individual or company. In short, with Windows security software is essential. For quite some time, Microsoft has made a couple of products to help with this – the first was their firewall, and the second is Windows Defender, a tool to scan your PC for hidden-away malicious software. This left most people without an actual anti-virus solution. Actually, what it generally means is that when you buy a new PC the bundle of software included with it probably included something from Symatec – commonly known to most as Norton anti-virus. I’m old enough to remember when Norton products were good, but that was quite some time before Windows XP came out. The crap they shovel out now will slow your PC down more than having half a dozen viruses installed. And, to top it all, you have to keep paying Symatec protection money to keep it working. That is the whole purpos	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,137	Which river forms much of the boundary between Norfolk and Suffolk?	Waterways of Suffolk Waterways of Suffolk Navigable Rivers and Canals within Suffolk The Little Ouse near Brandon Bridge. Ipswich & Stowmarket Navigation The whole navigation was within Suffolk. Waterway Description: This 16 mile navigation linked the two towns. There were 15 locks including the tidal lock at Ipswich. For more information see the River Gipping entry. For more details see the Waterway details page . Lakenheath Lode (Great Ouse) The whole waterway is within Suffolk. Waterway Description: For more details see the Waterway details page . Lark - Orwell Canal project A proposal for a canal that would have been entirely within Suffolk. Waterway Description: A proposal for a 31 mile canal from the River Lark at Bury to the Orwell estuary at Mistley. Never authorised or built. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . Little Ouse or Brandon River Waterway's place in Suffolk : Most of this river forms the boundary between Norfolk and Suffolk, except for about two miles, where it passes first through Suffolk and then through Norfolk before returning to its course on the county boundary, and the first 3� miles from the original head of the navigable river at Thetford Town Bridge, which is wholly within Norfolk. Waterway Description: A 22.5 mile tributary of the Great Ouse. Currently only navigable for 13 miles. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . Norfolk and Suffolk Broads These navigations are all within Norfolk and Suffolk. Waterway Description: Over 200 miles of broads and rivers under the supervision of The Broads Authority. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . Oulton Broad and Dyke The whole waterway is in Suffolk. Waterway Description: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Alde Waterway's place in Suffolk : Waterway Description: Twenty one miles of river in Suffolk. It is difficult and dangerous due to the shifting shingle bar across the entrance. It runs from Snape Bridge to Shingle Street (a village destroyed in the war). Whilst the entrance is shingle its banks are very muddy. For more details see the Waterway details page . River Blyth A river entirely within Suffolk. Waterway Description: A five and a half mile tidal navigation near Southwold, Suffolk. Runs from the River Mouth to Blythburgh. History: An Act of 1757 authorised the navigation but the locks were closed in 1934, by an order under the 1930 Land Drainage Act. For more details see the Waterway details page . River Deben The whole river is in Suffolk. Waterway Description: This tidal Suffolk river runs 11 miles near Woodbridge. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Gipping The whole river is within Suffolk. Waterway Description: Was an improved river navigation of 15 miles 7 furlongs, and 15 locks, between Ipswich and Stowmarket. History: Authorised by Acts of 1790 and 1793 and administered by the Ipswich & Stowmarket Navigation Co., completed in 1798, the company was wound up in 1929. For more details see the Waterway details page . River Lark (Great Ouse) Waterway's place in Suffolk : From the original head of navigation, at Northgate Dock in Bury St Edmunds, the river is wholly in Suffolk until its junction with Lee Brook. It then becomes the boundary between Suffolk and Cambidgeshire until about a mile before Prickwillow, where it crosses into Cambridgeshire. Waterway Description: A tributary of the Great Ouse, originally navigable for 24.5 miles from Bury St Edmunds but now only navigable from Judes Ferry, 10 miles. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Orwell A river entirely within Suffolk. Waterway Description: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Stour (Suffolk) Waterway's place in Suffolk : The river forms the boundary between Suffolk and Essex so practically the whole river is shared by both counties. Some changes to the course of the river over the years have caused the river to cross wholly in to one county or the other for short distances. Waterway Description: Runs 35.5 miles from Sudbu	England–Wales border Privacy & Advertising England–Wales border The England–Wales border is the border between England and Wales , two of the constituent countries of the United Kingdom . [1] It runs for 257 km (160 miles) from the Dee estuary , in the north, to the Severn estuary in the south. It has followed broadly the same line since the 8th century, and in part that of Offa’s Dyke ; the modern boundary was fixed in 1536, when the former marcher lordships which occupied the border area were abolished and new county boundaries were created. The administrative boundary of Wales was confirmed in the Local Government Act 1972 . Whether Monmouthshire was part of Wales, or an English county treated for most purposes as though it were Welsh, was also settled by the 1972 Act, which included it in Wales. Contents The River Dee marking the England–Wales border between Holt and Farndon Bilingual “Welcome to England” sign The modern boundary between Wales and England runs from the salt marshes of the Dee estuary adjoining the Wirral Peninsula , across reclaimed land to the River Dee at Saltney just west of Chester . It then loops south to include within England an area south-west of Chester, before rejoining the Dee, and then loops east of the river to include within Wales a large area known as Maelor , formerly an exclave of Flintshire , between Bangor-on-Dee (in Wales) and Whitchurch (in England). Returning to the River Dee as far as Chirk , the boundary then loops to the west, following Offa’s Dyke itself for about 2 miles, and including within England the town of Oswestry , before reaching the River Vyrnwy at Llanymynech . It follows the Vyrnwy to its confluence with the River Severn , and then continues southwards, rising over Long Mountain east of Welshpool . East of Montgomery , the boundary again follows the line of Offa’s Dyke for about 2 miles, before looping eastwards to include within Wales a large area near Churchstoke . It then runs westwards to the River Teme , and follows the river south-eastwards through Knighton before turning south towards the River Lugg at Presteigne , which is within Wales. The boundary continues southwards across hills to the River Wye , and follows the river upstream for a short distance to Hay-on-Wye , on the Welsh side of the border. It continues southwards and rises through and across the Black Mountains , following the Hatterall Ridge past Llanthony on the Welsh side and Longtown on the English side, to reach the River Monnow near Pandy . It then generally follows the river, past Pontrilas (in England) and Skenfrith (in Wales), towards Monmouth , looping eastwards to include the town itself and a surrounding area within Wales. At Redbrook , the boundary again reaches the Wye, and follows the river southwards, past Tintern and Chepstow on the Welsh side, to its confluence with the Severn at the Severn Bridge . The boundary then continues down the Severn estuary towards the Bristol Channel , with the small island of Flat Holm being administered within Wales and the neighbouring island of Steep Holm within England. Administrative boundary The boundary passes between the current local authority principal areas of Flintshire , Wrexham , Powys and Monmouthshire , in Wales; and Cheshire West and Chester , Shropshire , Herefordshire and Forest of Dean district of Gloucestershire , in England. In relation to the historic counties, it passes between the historic counties of Flintshire , Denbighshire , Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire , Brecknockshire and Monmouthshire on the Welsh side; and Cheshire , Shropshire, Herefordshire and Gloucestershire on the English side . There are several places where the border runs along the centre of a lane or street, resulting in properties on one side of the street being in Wales and those on the other side being in England. Notable examples include Boundary Lane in Saltney and the main street of Llanymynech . History Post-Roman Welsh kingdoms or tribes. The modern border between England and Wales is shown in purple. Origins Before and during the Roman occupation	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,138	"Which English comic actor do you associate with the line ""Infamy, Infamy, They've all got it in for me""?"	Carry On quip voted funniest one-liner \| Daily Mail Online Carry On quip voted funniest one-liner Last updated at 10:08 04 April 2007 Kenneth Williams' Carry On gag "Infamy! Infamy! They've all got it in for me!" has been voted the funniest film one-liner. Williams uttered the words as Julius Caesar in 1964 romp Carry On Cleo. It was named the best one-liner in a poll of 1,000 comedians, industry figures and film fans by Sky Movies Comedy. Second in the survey was from the Life of Brian: "He's not the Messiah, he's a very naughty boy." Third was the Airplane! classic in which Leslie Nielseon is told: "Surely you can't be serious," and replies: "I am serious - and don't call me Shirley." Nine of the top 10 one-liners were delivered by men. They include Woody Allen's famous quip from Annie Hall: "Don't knock masturbation. It's sex with someone I love." Bob McCabe, film critic and author of The Rough Guide To Comedy, said: "It's great to see two British movies in the top three and well-established classics with great lasting power. "I thought that Kenneth Williams would win, as it is a great stand-alone joke, the joke is simple and no build-up to the line is needed." Top 10: 1) "Infamy! Infamy! They've all got it in for me!" Kenneth Williams as Julius Caesar - Carry On Cleo (1964) 2) "He's not the Messiah, he's a very naughty boy." Terry Jones as Brian's mum - Life Of Brian (1979) 3) "Surely you can't be serious?" "I am serious - and don't call me Shirley." Leslie Nielsen as Dr Rumack - Airplane! (1980) 4) "Remember you're fighting for this woman's honour, which is probably more than she ever did." Groucho Marx as Rufus T Firefly - Duck Soup (1933) 5) "Don't knock masturbation. It's sex with someone I love." Woody Allen as Alvy Singer - Annie Hall (1977) 6) "Do you have a licence for your minkey?" Peter Sellers as Inspector Clouseau - The Return of the Pink Panther (1975) 7) "Is that... is that hair gel?" Cameron Diaz as Mary Jensen - There's Something About Mary (1998) 8) Gentlemen, you can't fight in here. This is the War Room." Peter Sellers as President Merkin Muffley - Dr Strangelove or: How I Learned To Stop Worrying and Love The Bomb (1963) 9) "Nice beaver!" "Thank you. I just had it stuffed." Leslie Nielsen as Lt Frank Drebin and Priscilla Presley as Jane Spencer - The Naked Gun: From The Files of Police Squad! (1988) 10) "When I met Mary I got that old-fashioned romantic feeling where I'd do anything to bone her." Jim Carrey as Lloyd Christmas - Dumb and Dumber (1994)	Week by Week Number One Singles of 1991 \| In the Broomcupboard Week by Week Number One Singles of 1991 February 21, 2011 tags: 1990s , 1991 , 90s , chart , hit , music , nineties , number 1 , number one , single , singles , uk , week by week , weekly Music in the UK Are you ready for a bit more nostalgia? This time it’s the Number One singles from 1991 We started off 1991 with the last number one of 1990, which was; Iron Maiden – Bring your Daughter to the Slaughter 30th December 1990 – 12th January 1991 (2 weeks) Enigma – Sadeness (Part I) 13th January 1991 – 19th January 1991 (1 week) Queen – Innuendo 20th January 1991 – 26th January 1991 (1 week) The KLF feat. The Children of The Revolution – 3 a.m Eternal 27th February 1991 – 9th February 1991 (2 weeks) The Simpsons – Do the Bartman 10th February 1991 – 2nd March 1991 (3 weeks) The Clash – Should I Stay or Should I Go 3rd March 1991 – 16th March 1991 (2 weeks) Hale and Pace – The Stonk 17th March 1991 – 23rd March 1991 (1 week) Chesney Hawkes – The One and Only 24th March 1991 – 27th April 1991 (5 weeks) Cher – The Shoop Shoop Song (It’s in His Kiss) 28th April 1991 – 1st June 1991 (5 weeks) Color Me Badd – I Wanna Sex You Up 2nd June 1991 – 22nd June 1991 (3 weeks) Jason Donovan – Any Dream Will Do 23rd June 1991 – 6th July 1991 (2 weeks) Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You 7th July 1991 – 26th October 1991 (16 weeks) U2 – The Fly 27th October 1991 – 2nd November (1 week) Vic Reeves & The Wonder Stuff – Dizzy 3rd November 1991 – 16th November 1991 (2 weeks) Michael Jackson – Black or White 17th November 1991 – 31st November 1991 (2 weeks) George Michael & Elton John – Don’t Let the Sun Go Down on Me 1st December 1991 – 14th December 1991 (2 weeks) Queen – Bohemian Rhapsody/ These Are the Days of Our Lives 15th December 1991 – 18th January 1991 (5 weeks) As always, there is a playlist of all of these here Share this:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,139	Professor Wallofski was a comic creation of which English comedian and actor?	Max Wall (1908-1990) - YouTube Max Wall (1908-1990) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Mar 1, 2010 Max Wall, born Maxwell George Lorimer (12th March 1908 - 21st May 1990), was an English comedian and actor, whose performing career covered music hall, theatre, films and television. He is best remembered for his ludicrously attired and hilariously strutting Professor Wallofski. This creation notably influenced John Cleese, who has acknowledged Max Wall's influence on the creation of his own Ministry of Silly Walks sketch for Monty Python. After appearing in many musicals and stage comedies in the 1930s, Wall's career went into decline, and he was reduced to working in obscure nightclubs. He then joined the Royal Air Force during World War II and served for three years until he was invalided out in 1943. Wall re-emerged during the 1950s when producers and directors rediscovered his comic talents, along with the expressive power of his tragic clown face and the distinctive sad falling cadences of his voice. He secured television appearances and, having attracted Samuel Beckett's attention, he won parts in Waiting for Godot and Krapp's Last Tape. In 1966 he appeared as Père Ubu in Jarry's Ubu Roi, and in 1972 he toured with Mott the Hoople on their "Rock n' Roll Circus tour", gaining a new audience. His straight acting gained him this review in 1974: "Max Wall makes Olivier look like an amateur in The Entertainer at Greenwich Theatre...." (The Guardian, 27th November 1974). On the afternoon of 20th May 1990, Wall fell at Simpson's Restaurant in central London, fracturing his skull. He never regained consciousness, and died early the next morning at Westminster Hospital. He was 82. He was buried in Highgate Cemetery. Wall was survived by four sons, Michael, Melvin, Martin and Meredith, and a daughter, Maxine. Category	BBC - Comedy - The Goon Show The Goon Show The Goon Show This is the programme that set Spike Milligan on the path to comic iconhood, Peter Sellers on the road to stardom, Michael Bentine on the crazy paving to 'Potty Time' and Harry Secombe on the highway to... er... 'Highway'. It also provided uproarious silliness to millions and gave generations of writers and gave performers from Monty Python to Eddie Izzard licence to smash down (comic) conventions. Like many other great comics of the period, Milligan, Sellers, Secombe and Bentine developed their performing skills during service in World War II. After the war they met while scrabbling around for work in London, becoming regulars at "The Grafton Arms" whose landlord, Jimmy Grafton, put them in touch with the BBC. By 1951 they had convinced the Beeb to let them put on the show that would launch comedy on a new path and hundreds of silly voices on a nation. Driven by the (literally) manic energy of Milligan's scripts and a shared sense of humour, The Goon Show was unlike anything ever heard before. Initially it was a series of sketches, featuring a cast of regular characters and running under the title "Those Crazy People" (the BBC didn't understand the term "goon", which Milligan had taken from 1930s "Popeye" comics). By the time of Bentine's departure at the end of series two, however, the familiar format of ludicrous plots, surreal humour ("What time is it Eccles?", "Just a minute. I've got it written down on a piece of paper"), dreadful puns (many of them old army favourites, like the character of Hugh Jampton, permanently excused shorts), catchphrases ("Have a gorilla", "No, I only smoke baboons") and weird sound effects, all interspersed with musical intervals, was firmly in place. Plots were usually surreal romps through old standbys such as spy drama, murder mystery and wartime heroics, with titles like "The Toothpaste Expedition", "The International Christmas Pudding" and "The Dreaded Batter Pudding Hurler of Bexhill-on-Sea" giving a flavour of the liberties Milligan was willing to take with such material. It was the characters, though, that made the show, from innocent Neddie Seagoon (Secombe) to the idiotic Eccles ([Sings] "I talk to the trees... that's why they put me away") and ancient Minnie Bannister ("we'll all be murdered in our beds") (both Milligan) to suave villain Grytpype-Thynne, military-man-on-the-make Major Bloodnok ("Moneyyyyyyy!") and, of course, squeaky-voiced boyscout Bluebottle ("Enter Bluebottle wearing string and cardboard pyjamas. Waits for audience applause. Not a sausage") (all Sellers). The programme ran for 10 years, with most of its 200-plus episodes written by Milligan (often assisted by Eric Sykes and John Antrobus among others), who was driven to a nervous breakdown at one stage by the weekly pressure of producing a script. Since the programme ended in 1960 it has been in constant demand as a repeat and has been broadcast all over the globe. 60 years after it started it retains the power to reduce audiences to helpless laughter; no comedy could ask for more. Cast	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,140	"Where would a customer find ""silver service""?"	Silver Concierge Service \| Point of Sale Help \| NCR Silver Silver Concierge Service You’ve Got People Silver Concierge is an industry-leading service that offers POS back office setup, inventory maintenance, training and more Save time with your inventory Maintaining your inventory can be a time-consuming proposition. Wouldn't you rather let a Silver Concierge agent do it for you? Take advantage of new features NCR Silver is updated frequently with exciting features. A Silver Concierge agent will train you, so you can maximize your investment. Get your system set up quicker Unless you love setting up your POS system's back office yourself, a Silver Concierge agent will be happy to do it for you in a snap. Why Mr. Man's Shop For Manly Men Chose NCR Silver With text-to-talk technical support available 24/7, replacing hardware is a cinch. NCR Silver is So Easy to Use, You May Never Want Help But if you do, Silver Concierge and LIVE 24/7 support provide unmatched value to help your business grow Get remote store setup with social media integration. Enjoy one hour of menu maintenance per month. Benefit from training on new features twice per year. Get your POS system running smoothly the first time with free set up. Coming soon: Advanced data analytics briefings! Talk to a Real Person, Not a Recording Call, email, IM or text any time of the day, any day of the year In addition to the award-winning Silver Concierge service, you'll be able to speak to a live person when you have technical questions. Beware of other "24/7" claims. With NCR Silver, you'll actually reach someone dedicated to solving your problem. They'll also help you with third-party add-ons. They will never pass the buck. Best of all, you can reach a live, U.S.-based agent however you choose -- by phone, email, online chat or even text. About the only medium missing is carrier pigeon. Still Have More Questions? Get answers to common Silver Concierge and NCR Silver questions Can I really call on a holiday if I have questions? You'll enjoy tech support that literally never sleeps -- on Thanksgiving, Christmas, St. Patrick's Day, even Talk Like a Pirate Day. Ahoy! Where is the Silver Concierge team located? All service agents are based in Alpharetta, Georgia. Is Silver Concierge included in my NCR Silver subscription? Yes. You will not pay extra for any of the services mentioned on this page. What else comes with my NCR Silver subscription? Mobile payments, integrated loyalty, built-in email marketing, employee and inventory management, regular software updates and much more. What hardware does NCR Silver work on? NCR Silver apps work on iOS devices or on the plug-and-play Android-based Silver Register. How much does NCR Silver cost? It starts at $79 per month. You can get NCR Silver with EMV service as low as $99 per month. NCR Silver Pro Restaurant Edition starts as low as $149 per month. Month-to-month subscriptions and additional devices may cost more.	Argentum, Latin word for this element History & Etymology Silver is known by the mankind since Pre-History, and its discovery is estimated happened to shortly after that of copper and gold. The oldest reference to the element appears in the book of Genesis. "And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold." (Gen. 13:2) The Egyptians considered gold to be a perfect metal, and gave it the symbol of a circle. Since silver was the closest to gold in perfection, it was given the symbol of a semi-circle. Later this semi-circle led to a growing moon symbol, probably due to the likeness between the shining metal and the moon glow. The noble metals, gold and silver, are found in the native state, and as is well known, gold and silver were used to make jewelry and sheet metal due to the great ductility and lustre of the pure metals. Its malleability and ductility make it ideal for ornamental purposes. It was also used for paying debts, in personal and religious places decoration and in utensils of the wealthiest houses. Some mineral scums in old mines of the Near-East and in some islands of the Aegean sea seem to reveal that by 5000 b.C. a method was already known to separate silver from lead. Early gold and silver ornaments from the Indian subcontinent are found from Indus Valley sites such as Mohenjodaro (ca 3000 BC). The monetary use of silver may well be as old as that of gold but the abundance of the native metal was probably far less, so that comparable supplies were not available until a method of winning the metal from its ores had been discovered. It appears, however, that by perhaps 3000 BC a form of cupellation was in operation in Asia Minor and its use gradually spread, so that silver coinage was of crucial economic importance to all subsequent classical Mediterranean civilizations. In astrology alchemy the seven heavenly bodies known to the ancients were associated with seven metals also known in antiquity: Sun (Sol)	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,141	Which chemical element, Atomic Number 17, gets its name from the Greek word for green ?	Chemical Element: chlorine - Word Information Chemical Element: chlorine (Greek: chloros, grass-green; a reference to the color of the gas which tends to be greenish-yellow; gas) Chemical-Element Information Atomic number: 17 Year discovered: 1774 or 1810 Discovered by: Karl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786), a Swedish chemist, and credit is given to Sir Humphry Davy for showing that chlorine was an element not an oxygen compound. Karl Wilhelm Scheele discovered many simple compounds from plants and animals, to say nothing of such poisonous gases as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide. Scheele was also involved in the discovery of a number of elements, though he never managed to get undisputed credit for a single one of them. By 1774, he had done most of the preliminary work that led to the discovery of the element manganese. His friend, the Swedish mineralogist Johan Gottlieb Gahn (1745-1818); however, completed the final step and got credit for the discovery. Again, in 1774, Scheele isolated the gas chlorine, which was unusual in that it was not colorless. Chlorine is greenish-yellow and its name is derived from the Greek word for “green”. Scheele’s problem was that he didn’t recognize chlorine to be an element because he thought it was a combination of some substance with oxygen. Since Scheele thought the resulting gas contained oxygen, Sir Humphry Davy proposed and confirmed chlorine to be an element in 1810, and he also named the element. Scheele obtained chlorine through the reaction of the mineral pyrolusite (manganese dioxide) with hydrochloric acid (then known as muriatic acid). Davy had worked with hydrochloric acid (a strong acid) and he showed that it contained no oxygen. This was the final blow to the general assumption that oxygen was essential to acids. Hydrochloric acid did contain chlorine, and Scheele thought chlorine was an oxygen-containing compound. In 1810, Davy showed this was not true, and that chlorine was an element. For this reason, Davy, rather than Scheele usually receives credit for the discovery of chlorine. Name in other languages:	Elements Named for Places - Element Toponyms Berkelium – University of California at Berkeley Californium – State of California and University of California at Berkeley Copper - probably named for Cyprus Darmstadtium – Darmstadt, Germany Erbium – Ytterby, a town in Sweden Europium – Europe Francium – France Gallium – Gallia, Latin for France. Also named for Lecoq de Boisbaudran, the element's discoverer (Lecoq in Latin is gallus) Germanium – Germany Hafnium – Hafnia, Latin for Copenhagen Hassium – Hesse, Germany Holmium – Holmia, Latin for Stockholm Lutetium – Lutecia, ancient name for Paris Magnesium – Magnesia prefecture in Thessaly, Greece Rhenium – Rhenus, Latin for Rhine, a German province continue reading below our video 4 Tips for Improving Test Performance Ruthenium – Ruthenia, Latin for Russia Scandium – Scandia, Latin for Scandinavia Strontium – Strontian, a town in Scotland Terbium – Ytterby, Sweden Thulium – Thule, a mythical island in the far north (Scandinavia?) Ytterbium – Ytterby, Sweden	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,142	This was used first as a spice by the Chinese, throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance in Europe, and was still popular in the 18th century as an ingredient in hot chocolate; what was it?	The Food Timeline--Christmas food history Buche de Noel is one of many traditional cakes baked at Christmas. As the name suggests, it is of French origin. The name of this recipe literally translates as "Christmas log," referring to the traditional Yule log burned centuries past. The ingedients suggest the cake is most likely a 19th century creation. That's when thinly rolled sponge cakes filled with jam or cream and covered with buttercream icing begin to show up in European cook books. Marzipan and meringue , typically employed for decorative purposes, date to the Medieval Ages and the 17th century respectively. We find no person/place/company credited for having invented this particular confection. "[In France] where the buche de Noel, a roll of light sponge cake, is covered in chocolate or coffee buttercream textured to resemble bark. The conceit is carried further by mounding the cream over small pieces of cake stuck to the main roll, to represent trimmed branches. The ends of the roll and the cut faces of the branches are finished with vanilla cream, imitating pale newly cut wood, and the whole is decorated with leaves made from icing, or meringue mushrooms." ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 184) Buche de Noel recipe sampler [1938] "Buche de Noel.--Gateau symbolique qu l'on prepare chez tous les patissieres de France, a l'occasion de la fete de Noel. Cette buche se fait generalement avec des abaisses de genoise fine, qu l'on fourre avec des cremes diverses (le plus souvent, une dreme au beurre), qu l'on faconne en forme de buche, et que l'on decore a la poches munie d'une couille cannellee, avec une creme au beurre aux chocolate ou au moka qui cimule l'enorce de al buche. Nota: Pour le Noel, on fait aussi un autre gateau symbolique auquel on donne l'aspect d'un sabot. Ce gateau, qu l'on fait ordinarement en nougat, se garnit de petits fours divers." ---Larousse Gastronomique, Prospere Montagne [Librarie Larousse:Paris] 1938 (p. 528) [1941] "Buche de Noel Cuire des marrons, trois minutes; extraire leur chair de leur cosse. Bien les nettoyer. Les faire cuire, vingt minutes, a l'eau bouillant. Les ecraser et les melanges a chaud avec: 125 grammes de beurre fondu, 125 gr. de sucre en poudre, 125 gr. de chocolate. Rouler le tout dans un papier beurre, en forme de cylindre. Laisser refroidir, six heures. Oter le papier. Tracer les stries de la buche avec une fourchette." --- Le Livre de La Patisserie: Recettes Practiques, editions du cep [E. Pigelet, Paris Depot:Paris] 1941 (p. 141-2) [1962] "Yule Log (Buche de Noel) The yule log cake is served at the midnight feast that follows Mass on Christmas Eve. Although it does not take the place of our flaming Christmas pudding, it makes a nice dessert to serve at any time during the Christmas season. 4 egg yolks Candy canes Why are some candies associated with Christmas? Hundreds of years ago sugar was very expensive. It was a food of the wealthy. For other people, it was a special treat saved for holidays (Christmas, Easter) and other special occasions (weddings, christenings). Many of these traditions remain today. About candy . Food historians tell us that hard candies (sticks, losenges, etc.) were originally manufactured for medicinal purposes. This idea survives today in the form of cough drops. Confectioners were quick to recognize the popularity of hard candy, in its various forms. Before long, hard candies of all sorts of shapes, sizes, and flavors were produced for "recreational" purposes. "The concept of sugar as medicine probably came from the tradition of Moslem physicians. They came from a culture which knew and used sugar...That sugar was an expensive and exotic luxury, used medicinally by the subtle and learned Arabs, probably helped reinforce medieval European ideas of its intrinsic goodness. There were plenty of ailments in northern Europe for which sugar was considered suitable treatment--coughs, colds, chest infections, agues. The Christ allowed that sugar was medicinal (St. Thomas Aquinas himself appa	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: 22nd Feb–Cup/Plate Semi Finals 22nd Feb–Cup/Plate Semi Finals Questions set by Plough Horntails and the Dolphin 1. How many hoops are used in the standard game of Croquet? A, 6. 2. Which African kingdom was known as Basutoland before it gained independence in 1966? A. Lesotho. 3. The work "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" is the textbook of which religious movement founded in 1879? A. Christian Science. 4. What is the fruit of the Blackthorn called? A. The Sloe. 5. How many countries sit on the full United Nations Security Council? A. 15. 6. According to the book of Genesis, which land lay to the "east of Eden"? A. The Land of Nod. 7. What is the name of the southernmost point of Africa? A. Cape Agulhas (note: The Cape of Good Hope is just south of Cape Town and is NOT correct). 8. Responding to a pressing issue in year 1095, what appeal did Pope Urban II make to Kings, Nobles and Knights in a sermon at the Council of Clermont? A. Please help to regain the Holy Lands… the First Crusade. (Accept any answer relating to freeing Jerusalem from Moslems/ Mohammadens / Turks/ Saracens) 9. Who holds the post of High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of the European Union? A. Baroness Ashton (Accept Catherine Ashton). 10. Which city was awarded the 1944 Summer Olympic Games? A. London. 11. In which country did the Maoist organization the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) operate? A. Peru. 12. Which major city’s name translates into English as Fragrant Harbour? A. Hong Kong. 13. In which country was the Granny Smith apple first grown? A. Australia (in 1868) 15. Who was the architect of Coventry Cathedral? A. Basil Spence. 16. Who opened an historic address to his people with the following, “In this grave hour, perhaps the most fateful in our history, I send to every household of my peoples, both at home and overseas, this message, spoken with the same depth of feeling for each one of you as if I were able to cross your threshold and speak to you myself.” A. King George VI (as taken from the King’s Speech) 17. Which car company makes the Alhambra model? A. Seat. 18. Which car company makes a model called the Sirion? A. Diahatsu 19. What is the Nationality of Stefaan Engels who set a World record on Saturday 5th February in Barcelona by completing a marathon every day for a year, a total of 9,569 miles? A. Belgian. 20. Who wrote Memoirs of a Fox-hunting Man and Memoirs of an Infantry Officer, as well as collections of poetry? A. Siegfried Sassoon. 21. Approximately what percentage of the planet’s surface is covered by Tropical rainforests? A. 2% (but they are home to more than 50% species on Earth). Accept any figure less than 5%. 22. What is the name of the point on the Celestial sphere directly below an observer or a given position? A. Nadir. (Note this is the opposite of zenith). 23. What is the term, of French origin, loosely translated 'into mouth', for using facial muscles and shaping the lips for the mouthpiece to play a woodwind or brass musical instrument? A. Embouchure (origin, em = into, bouche = mouth) also accept embrasure. 24. In his 2011 memoir, ‘Known and Unknown’, which US ex-politician tries to deflect blame onto others including Colin Powell and Condoleeza Rice, for Iraq War mistakes? A. Donald Rumsfeld. (The book title alludes to Rumsfeld's famous statement: "There are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns - the ones we don't know we don't know..." The statement was made by Rumsfeld on February 12, 2002 at a press briefing addressing the absence of evidence linking the Iraq government with the supply of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups.) 25. How many vertices (corners) has a regular dodecahedron (a dodecahedron is a 3D form with 12 faces)? A. 20. 26. The Salmon River in Idaho, USA is known by what nickname, It is also the name of a 1954 film, whose title soundtrack was recorded by each of it	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,143	What connects Lake Erie to the Hudson River?	Champlain Canal - Erie Canal, Oswego Canal and Champlain Canal Guide Champlain Canal A large yacht entering a lock. Length: 3 Free Docking, Boat Launches, and Marinas Along the Champlain Canal The Champlain Canal follows the traditional Native American route that connects the Hudson River to Lake Champlain and eventually the Saint Lawrence Seaway. Officially beginning at Waterford where the Erie Canal departs from the Hudson River, the 60 mile long Champlain Canal continues upstream along the Hudson River to Fort Edward. At Fort Edward , the canal branches away from the Hudson River towards Whitehall. Whitehall lies at the base of Lake Champlain , where boaters can continue to travel northwards enjoying the picturesque beauty of Lake Champlain . For the transient boater, one can continue to travel northward to Montreal, Canada via the Chambly Canal and the Saint Lawrence Seaway. The modern day canal is part of New York State Canal System and the Lakes to Locks Passage in honor of the route's importance to the freedom of the United States. Along this route there are many historic places to visit, many of which were key towns in independence of our the United States. The Hudson River portion of the Champlain Canal is wide and lined with houses. As one approaches Fort Edward and the man-made portion of the canal, the houses fade and scenic fields line the canal. Cows walk right up to the canal for water. The 60 miles of canal really have something for everyone; check out each town to see what you will like. Champlain Canal History Main article: Old Champlain Canal The waterway route connecting New York City with Montreal via the Hudson River, Wood Creek, Lake Champlain and the Richelieu River has played a critical role in the history of New York and the United States. Many famous battles have taken place along this route including Native American conflicts and battles of the French and Indian War, Revolutionary War and War of 1812. On April 15, 1817, to enhance trade in the area and export precious raw materials out of the Champlain Valley, a bill was passed by New York Legislators which appropriated funds and created a committee to build a navigable waterway connecting the Lower Hudson River with Lake Champlain (as well as the Lower Hudson River with Lake Erie...the Erie Canal ). Six years later the Champlain Canal was officially opened on September 10, 1823 simultaneously with the stretch of Erie Canal from Albany to Rochester. The 64 mile waterway between Whitehall and Waterford consisted of 46.5 miles of artificial channel and 17.5 miles improved river. The canal was enlarged many times and the current Champlain Canal primarily uses the Hudson River from Waterford to Fort Edward and parallels the original canal from Fort Edward to Whitehall at the foot of Lake Champlain . There are numerous remains of the former canals and feeders, primarily in Waterford (Now used a a feeder for Lock E2) and Glens Falls. The Glens Falls feeder was a navigable canal that also supplied water to the Champlain Canal to prevent low water levels in times of drought; today this feeder canal and the remains of its locks are easily viewable by taking a walk or bike ride on the old tow path. There are efforts underway to further restore this historic waterway. Champlain Canal Guide The Champlain Canal is a 60 mile canal that connects the Hudson River at Waterford to southern Lake Champlain at Whitehall. Beginning from the south at Waterford, the northbound trip along the Champlain Canal can be made as a day trip by fast movers and take three to four days (or more!) days of exploration for others. This historic route passes from the largely settled Hudson River near Albany north through the small quaint towns of Mechanicville , Schuylerville , and Fort Edward before branching away from the Hudson River into an artificial channel. Here the route leaves civilization and is lined by farm fields and trees as it continues north entering the lower Champlain Valley with the Adirondack Mountains visible to the West and Green Mountains to th	The Lakes of the English Lake District, travel information Bassenthwaite Lake The most northerly of the major lakes, Bassenthwaite lies between Keswick and Cockermouth. The best views of Bassenthwaite lake, indeed, one of the best views in the Lake District, can be had by taking the minor road from Braithwaite village that leads up to the Whinlatter Pass. A pull-by part way up the climb provides wonderful views over the lake. On the eastern shore is Mirehouse, a quiet Georgian house with connections to Lord Tennyson and other Victorian literary figures. Close to Bassenthwaite village is a RSPB bird sanctuary. One of the most secluded and smallest lakes, Brothers Water lies between Ullswater and Ambleside at the foot of Kirkstone Pass. The water is shallow and lily pads cover the shallows, creating a green carpet on the blue waters. Buttermere Buttermere One of most spectacular of the lakes, Buttermere is set in a lovely basin below Grasmoor, a high Lakeland peaks. There are picnic areas overlooking the lake and trails leading into the nearby hills. Head south of Buttermere and you find yourself climbing Honister Pass; the views from the top are absolutely spectacular. Coniston Water Lying roughly parallel to Lake Windermere, Coniston Water is famous as the site of Donald Campbell's successful attempts to break the world speed record. Campbell's final record attempt led to his untimely death, and the story of Campbell's Bluebird is just one of the fascinating bits of local history you will learn about if you take one of the steam gondola trips that leave from Coniston pier. Across the lake from Coniston village is Brantwood, the home of Victorian author John Ruskin. The Brantwood estate is full of opportunities to walk and enjoy the outdoors. Coniston itself caters to those wishing to enjoy outdoor activities as well, and offers a good range of accommodation. Crummock Water Just north of the smaller Buttermere, Crummock Water lies at the foot of Grasmoor peak. The road along the shores of the lake provides wonderful views of the waters and surrounding steep sided hills. To the west of Crummock Water is Scale Force, one of the most attractive waterfalls in the region. Derwentwater One of the most 'developed' of the lakes, Derwentwater offers some of the best boating and water sport opportunities, with numerous marinas and boat hire companies serving visitors. The major destination on Derwentwater is Keswick , at the north end of the lake. On the eastern shore is the Bowder Stone, a fascinating natural site, where a huge boulder is tipped up on one corner in a seemingly precarious state of balance. Take the Watendlath road to reach a viewpoint giving superb views over the lake and surrounding hills. To the south, follow the River Derwent into Borrowdale, a narrow valley with access to some of the best hill walking routes in the region. Ennerdale Water Located at the extreme western edge of the Lake District National Park, Ennerdale is one of the most remote lakes but also one of the prettiest. Take the minor road that leads along the northern shore of Ennerdale to Ennerdale Head, a good jumping off place for some of the region's finest walks. Grasmere Grasmere A small lake just west of Rydal Water. Grasmere village is the location of Town End, the 17th century house where Beatrix Potter wrote many of her children's stories. A parking lot at the eastern end of the lake provides access to a lovely walk along the shore. Rydal Water One of the smaller lakes, Rydal Water is located just outside Grasmere at the foo	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,144	In mathematics, what is a quarter of a circle called? (an area bounded by two radii at right angles to each other)	Circular quadrant - definition of Circular quadrant by The Free Dictionary Circular quadrant - definition of Circular quadrant by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Circular+quadrant a. A circular arc of 90°; one fourth of the circumference of a circle. b. The plane area bounded by such an arc and two perpendicular radii. c. Any of the four areas into which a plane is divided by the reference axes in a Cartesian coordinate system, designated first, second, third, and fourth, counting counterclockwise from the area in which both coordinates are positive. 2. A machine part or other mechanical device that is shaped like a quarter circle. 3. An early instrument for measuring altitude of celestial bodies, consisting of a 90° graduated arc with a movable radius for measuring angles. [Middle English, quarter of a day, from Latin quadrāns, quadrant-, a fourth part; see kwetwer- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.] quadrant a. a quarter of the circumference of a circle b. the area enclosed by two perpendicular radii of a circle and its circumference c. any of the four sections into which a plane is divided by two coordinate axes 2. (Mechanical Engineering) a piece of a mechanism in the form of a quarter circle, esp one used as a cam or a gear sector 3. (Astronomy) an instrument formerly used in astronomy and navigation for measuring the altitudes of stars, consisting of a graduated arc of 90° and a sighting mechanism attached to a movable arm [C14: from Latin quadrāns a quarter] quadrantal adj n. 1. a quarter of a circle; an arc of 90°. 2. the area included between such an arc and two radii drawn one to each extremity. 3. something shaped like a quarter of a circle, as a part of a machine. 4. one of the four parts into which a plane, as the face of a heavenly body, is divided by two perpendicular lines: the first quadrant of the moon. 5. an instrument, usu. containing a graduated arc of 90°, used in astronomy, navigation, etc., for measuring altitudes. [1350–1400; Middle English < Latin quadrant-, s. of quadrāns fourth part] quad·rant (kwŏd′rənt) 1. An arc equal to one quarter of the circumference of a circle; an arc of 90°. 2. Any of the four regions into which a plane is divided by the axes of a Cartesian coordinate system. The quadrants are numbered counterclockwise one through four, beginning with the quadrant in which both the x- and y-coordinates are positive (usually the upper right quadrant). 3. An instrument with an arc of 90°, used to measure the angle between a celestial object and the horizon. quadrant - A quarter of a circle or sphere. See also related terms for sphere . quadrant an instrument for measuring angular elevation, used in astronomy, navigation, surveying, etc., similar in principle to the sextant. — quadrantal, ad]. line - a spatial location defined by a real or imaginary unidimensional extent 2. quadrant - any of the four areas into which a plane is divided by two orthogonal coordinate axes area , country - a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography); "it was a mountainous area"; "Bible country" 3. quadrant - the area enclosed by two perpendicular radii of a circle area , country - a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography); "it was a mountainous area"; "Bible country" 4. quadrant - a measuring instrument for measuring altitude of heavenly bodies measuring device , measuring instrument , measuring system - instrument that shows the extent or amount or quantity or degree of something Translations	Log In - New York Times Log In Don't have an account? Sign up here » In order to access our Web site, your Web browser must accept cookies from NYTimes.com. More information »	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,145	What sort of creature is a ‘taipan’?	Teen bitten by ‘world’s most venomous snake’ Teen bitten by ‘world’s most venomous snake’ Dylan Stableford Pin it Share A 17-year-old Australian boy is in serious condition after being bitten by what most reptile experts believe is the world's most venomous snake. According to the Sydney Morning Herald , the boy was admitted to a hospital in the town of Kurri Kurri with a snakebite on his left hand. He was later transferred to Calvary Mater Hospital in Newcastle. The snake, which was brought still alive to the hospital by the boy's friend, was identified as an inland taipan. The snake is native to western New South Wales—about 600 miles from where the boy was bitten. A spokesman for the Taronga Zoo in Sydney told the paper that a drop of the snake's venom "can kill 100 adult men and 250,000 mice." [Related: Kids keep 2-headed snake as pet ] Julie Mendezona, head zookeeper at Australian Reptile Park, told the paper that reports of inland taipan bites are extremely rare, and that there have been about 100 in Australia's history. A bite will effectively "start shutting down the function of messages going to your brain, to your vital organs, your lungs and your heart and even your muscles," she said. "So, paralysis is usually what happens with the patient. Because it can act so fast, being a neurotoxin, that's what makes it such a deadly animal. It can kill someone within maybe 45 minutes. There have been reports of people experiencing effects of venom within half an hour as well. "It also contains an anticoagulant," she added, "which means it will interfere with the blood clotting, so therefore you can experience bleeding out as well." Barry Martin, a veteran snake catcher who was called in to identify the inland taipan, told the Daily Telegraph it's known as a "fierce snake." "They [used to be] called the 'two-step snake' as in it bites you, you take two steps and you're dead," he said. Reblog	BBC Nature - Primate species: new slow loris found in Borneo Primate species: new slow loris found in Borneo By Matt Walker Editor, BBC Nature New to science Warning over slow loris pet trade Watch A new species of small nocturnal primate has been discovered by scientists in Borneo. The primate is a type of slow loris, a small cute-looking animal that is more closely related to bushbabies and lemurs than to monkeys or apes. Uniquely among primates, they have a toxic bite, belying their appearance. Two previously known subspecies of slow loris have also been accorded full species status. Details of the discoveries are published in the American Journal of Primatology. The new species of slow loris, named Nycticebus kayan, has gone unrecognised until now, in part due to its nocturnal lifestyle. Animals that are active by night often rely less on visual clues, and can therefore appear more similar to one another. So the scientists had to look hard to discover the differences between the new species. An international team of researchers, led by Professor Anna Nekaris of Oxford Brookes University in the UK, and Rachel Munds from the University of Missouri in Columbia, US, surveyed slow lorises living in the forests of Borneo and the Philippines. They focused on studying the primates' facial markings, which take the appearance of a mask, with the eyes being covered by distinct dark patches and the heads by varying patterns. Part of Prof Nekaris's research was filmed by the BBC programme Natural World, which followed members of the team as they conducted surveys. This research has revealed there are actually four species of slow loris in the Philippines and Borneo, each with their own, subtly different but distinct head markings. Originally there was thought to be just a single species, called N. menagensis. Two of these new species, N. bancanus and N. borneanus, were previously considered subspecies of N. menagensis. While, N. kayan, is new to science. "In Borneo in particular, from where three of the new species hail, this will mean that three new lorises will be added as threatened to some degree on the IUCN Red List of threatened species," says Prof Nekaris. "With more than 40% of the world's primates already threatened with extinction, this brings the toll even higher." Outside of Borneo and the Philippines, four other slow loris species are known, living across south and southeast Asia. All have a difficult relationship with humans. They are the only primates with a toxic bite, secreting the toxin from glands in their elbows. Slow lorises lick this toxin, and mix it with their saliva. They then use it when they bite, or to coat the fur of their offspring, possibly as a way to deter predators from attacking their young. The toxin is powerful enough to potentially cause fatal anaphylactic shock in people. But the slow lorises' cute appearance also makes them a favoured target of the pet trade. Slow lorises are filmed being sold illegally in terrible conditions Captured animals often have their canine and incisor teeth pulled out before being sold on as pets, in a bid to protect their potential owner. Harming the animals this way, though, can quickly lead to their death, as the toothless primates are unable to feed properly. The discovery that more slow loris species exist also has implications for their survival. "Well-meaning groups rescue lorises and rarely follow proper guidelines when releasing them back to the wild," says Prof Nekaris. "That means that the wrong species of loris has found itself in many a new place throughout Asia, if they have survived the traumatising practice of hard release to the wild in the first place." Join BBC Nature on Facebook and Twitter @BBCNature . More on This Story	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,146	Pheidippides reportedly ran the first marathon during the war between Greece and which other country?	The First Marathon Run, The history of Phidippides The Battle that Changed Human History By Paul Ostapuk Setting the Stage The first two decades of the fifth century B.C. marked one of the great turning points in world history. These were the years of the Persian and Greek wars. The powerful Persian Empire in 546 B.C. extended from Asia to Eygpt to what is now Turkey. This great empire built the first Suez Canal which linked the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea. Greece on the other hand, consisted of a scattering of independent city-states, called poleis. These early city-states spawned the democratic ideas that have persisted into modern times. Athens eventually became the largest and most prosperous polis. Another Greek polis, Sparta, was not so democratic. They kept their kings and maintained a conservative, regimented society built around military training and the art of war. The Persian/Greek War The Persian Empire over the years expanded to the Mediterrean Sea. In the process some Greek settlements were conquered. Ionia was one such settlement. After many years, they tried to revolt against the Persians but the uprising was immediately squashed by the powerful Persian Army. By the year 490 B.C., the Persian Army was ready to expand their territory and move into Europe. They landed a large force just outside of Athens on the plains of Marathon and prepared for attack. The Role of Phidippides The Athens, vastly outnumbered, desperately needed the help of Sparta's military base to help fend off the attack. Time was short, so the Athenian generals send Phidippides (or Philippides) a professional runner to Sparta to ask for help. The 140 mile course was very mountainous and rugged. Phidippides ran the course in about 36 hours. Sparta agreed to help but said they would not take the field until the moon was full due to religious laws. This would leave the Athenians alone to fight the Persian Army. Phidippides ran back to Athens (another 140 miles!) with the disappointing news. Immediately, the small Athenian Army (including Phidippedes) marched to the plains of Marathon to prepare for battle. The Battle of Marathon The Athenian Army was outnumbered 4 to 1 but they launched a suprise offensive thrust which at the time appeared suicidal. But by day's end, 6400 Persian bodies lay dead on the field while only 192 Athenians had been killed. The surviving Persians fled to sea and headed south to Athens where they hoped to attack the city before the Greek Army could re-assemble there. Phidippides was again called upon to run to Athens (26 miles away) to carry the news of the victory and the warning about the approaching Persian ships. Despite his fatigue after his recent run to Sparta and back and having fought all morning in heavy armor, Phidippides rose to the challenge. Pushing himself past normal limits of human endurance, the reached Athens in perhaps 3 hours, deliverd his message and then died shortly thereafter from exhaustion. Sparta and the other Greek polies eventually came to the aid of Athens and eventually they were able to turn back the Persian attempt to conquer Greece. Concluding Remarks and Beginning of Olympic Marathon Races The Greek victory marked one of the decisive events of world history because it kept an Eastern power (the persians) from conquering what is now Europe. The victory gave the Greeks incredible confidence in themselves, their government and their culture. In the two centuries that followed, the Greek culture spread across much of the known world. It made Europe possible and in affect won for civilization the opportunity to develop its own ecomomic life. Modern European-based nations such as the United States and Canada can trace their growth straight back through an unbroken chain of Western historical events back to the Victory at Marathon. Centuries later, the modern Olympic Games introduced a "marathon" race of (40,000 meters or 24.85 miles). The winner was Spiridon Louis, a Greek postal worker from village of Marusi	Battle of Salamis: 480 BC Back to "Persian Empire" Chronology During the battle, Xerxes watched from a distance as his men fought the Greeks. His fleet outnumbered the Greek ships three to one, and he expected an easy victory. Though the Greeks were greatly outnumbered by the Persian ships, they had the advantage of their speed and knowledge of the waters and the battle plan. Another practical advantage that the Greeks had was their ability to swim. The Persians could not swim and when their ships were sunk, they drowned because they could not get to shore. Using Themistocles' strategy, the lighter Greek ships rowed out in a circular formation and rammed the front of their ships into the clumsy Persian vessels. At the same time they continuously "threw darts and stones upon the men. The Greek war galleys were specially designed for this kind of fighting- long and slim, packed with rowers below and soldiers on the light upper deck." (Compton's Encyclopedia: Page 27) Using this attack plan, about two hundred ships were sunk, some were captured and the rest fled back to the bases in Asia Minor. The rest of Xerxes army that was left in Greece was sent to Plataea in 479 BC where they were defeated once again by the Greeks. At the same time the Hellenic league sailed across the Aegean and destroyed the main Persian fleet at Mycale. This victory triggered a revolt in the Greek city-states of Asia Minor. With this the victorious Greeks saved their independence and were filled with a sense of superiority and thus set the stage for the ensuing Golden Age. Bibliography:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,147	Devil's Tower National Monument in Wyoming, USA features prominently in which landmark 1977 science fiction film?	Devils Tower National Monument travel guide - Wikitravel 12 Get out Devils Tower National Monument [1] is a United States National Monument that is located in Crook County in Northeast Wyoming . The Monument was established as the first national monument by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1906 through his use of the Antiquities Act. The Monument is the core of an ancient volcano; the surrounding softer rock has over time been eroded to reveal cooled magma hardened into igneous rock, appearing as fluted shafts and columns rising over 500 feet in the air. The monolithic tower rises above the Belle Fourche River at the edge of the Black Hills region, known in this section as the Bear Lodge Mountains. History[ edit ] The Tower was known as "Mateo Tipi" by American indians of the region, and is considered sacred. "Mateo Tipi" translates as "Bear Lodge", as the Indian legend revolves around the creation of the tower as a refuge for a group of indian youths being pursued by a giant bear. Imploring the great spirit to save them, a rock they were standing on began to rise into the air. The bear tried to reach them, with its claws carving the fluted columns into the rock. The youths then were taken up and became what is known as the seven sisters constellation. A U.S. cavalry scouting party reached the tower in 1876 and incorrectly translated the name to mean "Bad God's Tower" and thus its present name remains. Devils Tower is probably best known as the location of the alien-human rendezvous point in Steven Spielberg's oscar winning 1977 Science Fiction film, Close Encounters of the Third Kind. Production designer Joe Alves traveled the west looking for a proper landmark and stumbled across the obscure park finding it a perfect fit for use in the film. Devils Tower National Monument is administered by the National Park Service, a part of the Department of Interior, and is a popular place for rock climbing, hiking, and as a tourist waypoint located between popular destinations such as Mount Rushmore National Memorial , Badlands National Park , Yellowstone National Park and Grand Teton National Park . Landscape[ edit ] The one obvious contrast in landscape here is jarringly weird, and indeed the main attraction! Devils Tower is one of the world's most striking natural monoliths in no small part for its sheer, vertical form, and its dramatic contrast with the rolling prairie extending in all directions for seemingly endless distances (the rolling prairie being essentially a lower extension of the nearby Black Hills in South Dakota ). The tower itself is the eroded remnant of a giant laccolith—an igneous intrusion produced by rising molten magma exploiting a weak point in the existing sedimentary rock layers about 65 million years ago. Over the epochs since, the softer sandstones and shales that covered and surrounded the intrusion (which had pushed them up), leaving us with this alien-attracting, arrestive tower. The tower is fully surrounded by constantly eroding hexagular basalt columns (in fact, the same columnar basalt found at the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland , as well as at Devils Postpile National Monument in California ). A close up of the hexagonal basalt columns surrounding the tower You might notice that the forest rolling along the hills is a little repetitive. The lack of diversity was caused by fire suppression by ranchers, settlers, and actually the U.S. Forest and Park Services, as a means of avoiding fires spreading to settled areas and the burning down of the valuable and beautiful forests. But without the natural cycle renewal caused by (natural) forest fires, the Ponderosa pine has taken over, depriving any smaller ground plants from getting needed sunlight. In more recent decades, the Park Service has undertaken prescribed burns to try and restore the rich, diverse ecosystem that once prevailed. Flora and fauna[ edit ] Prairie falcons nest on the monument, and some climbing trails are closed yearly to protect the nestlings. Annual information about closings is available on the National Park Service web	Laser \| Laser Laser You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 4 to 33 are not shown in this preview. This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue? CANCEL We've moved you to where you read on your other device. Get the full title to continue Get the full title to continue reading from where you left off, or restart the preview. Restart preview	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,148	According to Greek mythology, who spent eternity in the underworld with food and drink just out of reach?	Greek Mythology \| Greek Mythology Names \| Greek Mythology Gods Important Figures and gods in Greek Mythology What is Greek Mythology? Greek mythology is a collection of the religion and stories of the ancient Greeks. Many of these Greek beliefs have been preserved and passed down to us today. As was common in that time period in Europe and the Middle East (with the exception of Judaism) the concept of gods was usually as part of a pantheon that were basically more powerful forms of humans complete with petty rivalries and human frailties. They were worshipped just as much out of fear as out of reverence. Stories also abounded of heroes and fantastical beasts. The most courageous acts of courage were from humans, or at least those who were half human. The concept of intermarriage or mating between gods and man caused many demi-gods who would then go on and continue to mate with humans themselves. Many parts of ancient Greece claimed some connection with godhood as did much of the world (again, except for Judaism). Greek Creation Myth The story begins in darkness. All was dark and empty before the world was created. The only being that existed was a bird called Nyx, a female bird with black wings. She laid a golden egg and sat atop it for years. Life began to evolve in the egg and out came Eros. Eros was the god symbolizing love. He was also known as the Protagonas. It is also said that Eurynome, the goddess of everything wanted to make order out of the chaos. By coupling with the snake Ophion she gave birth to Eros. Some believe that she coupled with the North wind and Eros was born. It is said that Eurynome separated the sky from the earth and created Nymphs, Furies, and Charites as also innumerable beasts and monsters. Eros began to call the sky Uranus and he called Earth as Gaia. Uranus and Gaia fell in love with each other. Children born to them were called Titans. Their children were giants. They grew old and became grandparents. One of their sons Kronus swallowed his children. Kronus's wife Rhea protected their youngest child from Kronus. He was Zeus. She raised Zeus in a place far away. He returned home when he was a man and stood against his cruel father. He wanted his siblings back. Zeus's wife tricked Kronus to consume an emetic. Kronus vomited the children he had gulped. All of them under the leadership of Zeus battled against their father, Kronus. They were victorious. Zeus 'created' life on Earth with the help of his brothers and sisters. He became the king but he ill-treated his subjects. He turned a deaf ear to their complaints. He hated anything that was not beautiful. Prometheus and Epimetheus were Zeus's sons. Many myths say that Prometheus combined the aspects of various creatures and molded them to form a new race of the common man! Later he gave mankind the gift of fire by stealing it from the gods. He trained man to live. Angry about this act of Prometheus, Zeus commanded that his son Prometheus be chained to a mountain and arranged for a huge bird to injure him everyday. He sent Hephaestus to torture Prometheus. Later, a beautiful woman came into being. She was named as Pandora. She became Epimetheus's wife. All the gods gifted Pandora. Zeus presented her a box, which he ordered to never be opened. But curiosity kills the cat! She could not resist opening the box and out fell all the evils. Epimetheus rushed to shut the box but by then all the negativities had fallen out. They still plague the human race. That night they heard a voice saying, "Let me out, I am hope". Some say the only gift to stay in the box was hope while others believe it was released. The world's conception began with the creation of the 'God of love.' In the end of the creation process, life was cursed with pain, sorrow, greed and other sins with one thing due to which, things get better. It was hope! The Greek creation myth has indeed some similarities with the biblical creation story found in the book of Genesis. It is interesting to note that most ancient civilizations have their own creation story that have similarities to G	The Underworld The Underworld See More The Underworld Pictures > The Underworld was hidden deep in the earth and was the kingdom of the dead, ruled by god Hades . Hades was a greedy god, whose sole purpose was to increase the number of souls in his kingdom; at the same time, he was very reluctant to let any soul leave. The Erinnyes were welcomed in the Underworld. For most souls, life in the underworld was not particularly unpleasant. It was rather like being in a miserable dream, full of shadows, ill-lit and desolate, barren of hope; a joyless place where the dead slowly faded into nothingness. Geographically, the Underworld was considered to have been surrounded by five rivers: the Acheron (river of woe), the Cocytus (river of lamentation), the Phlegethon (river of fire), the Styx (river of unbreakable oath by which the gods took vows), and the Lethe (river of forgetfulness). Past the rivers, a diamond gate, guarded by Cerberus , formed the entrance to the kingdom. Deep within the kingdom, lay Hades ' vast palace, full with guests. Upon death, a soul was led by Hermes near the entrance of the underworld , where the ferry awaited to carry it across the Acheron. There was a single ferry run by Charon, the boatman who took the souls across the river. Only those who could pay the fare with coins placed on their lips when buried, were granted passage; the rest were trapped between two worlds. After the boat ride, the souls entered through the gates; Cerberus allowed everyone to enter, but none to leave. The souls then appeared before a panel of three judges, Rhadamanthus , Minos , and Aeacus , who passed sentence based on their deeds during their previous life. The souls who were good went to the Elysian Fields, while the others were singled out for special treatment; Sisyphus and Tantalus are two examples of souls that were sentenced to be tormented for eternity.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,149	Which band released an 1984 album entitled ‘Legend’?	The White Album: How Bob Marley Posthumously Became a Household Name \| Village Voice The White Album: How Bob Marley Posthumously Became a Household Name Remember Me Or sign in with a social account: FACEBOOK GOOGLE + TWITTER YAHOO! Don't have an account yet? Sign Up › Connect. Discover. Share. Get the most out of your experience with a personalized all-access pass to everything local on events, music, restaurants, news and more. Enter your email or sign up with a social account to get started FACEBOOK TWITTER GOOGLE+ YAHOO! Don't have an account yet? Sign Up › The White Album: How Bob Marley Posthumously Became a Household Name Wednesday, July 9, 2014 at 3:05 a.m. At the time of his death, in May 1981, Bob Marley was 36 years old, reggae's biggest star, and the father of at least eleven children. He was not, however, a big seller. For Dave Robinson, this presented an opportunity. Two years after Marley's passing, Chris Blackwell, the founder of Marley's label, Island Records, brought Robinson in to run his U.K. operation. Robinson's first assignment was to put out a compilation of Bob Marley's hits. He took one look at the artist's sales figures and was shocked. Marley's best-selling album, 1977's Exodus, had only moved about 650,000 units in the U.S. and fewer than 200,000 in the U.K. They were not shabby numbers, but they weren't in line with his profile. Upcoming Events Tickets Sat., Feb. 4, 8:00pm "Marley was a labor of love for employees of Island Records," says Charly Prevost, who ran Island in the United States for a time in the '80s. "U2 and Frankie Goes to Hollywood and Robert Palmer is what paid your salary." Blackwell handed Robinson — the cofounder of Stiff Records , famous for rock acts such as Nick Lowe and Elvis Costello — an outline of his vision for the compilation, which Blackwell says presented Marley as somewhat "militant." "I always saw Bob as someone who had a strong kind of political feeling," he says, "somebody who was representing the dispossessed of the world." Robinson balked. He'd seen the way Island had marketed Marley in the past and believed it was precisely this type of portrayal that was responsible for the mediocre numbers. "Record companies can, just like a documentary, slant [their subjects] in whatever direction they like," Robinson says. "If you don't get the demographic right and sorted in your mind, you can present it just slightly off to the left or the right. I thought that was happening and had restricted his possible market." Robinson believed he could sell a million copies of the album, but to do it he would have to repackage not just a collection of songs but Marley himself. "My vision of Bob from a marketing point of view," Robinson says, "was to sell him to the white world." The result of that coolly pragmatic vision was Legend: The Best of Bob Marley and the Wailers , an album that became one of the top-selling records of all time, far exceeding even the ambitious goals Robinson had set for it. Unlike the Backstreet Boys' Millennium, 'N Sync's No Strings Attached and many other best-selling albums in recent decades, Legend isn't a time capsule of a passing musical fad. Selling roughly 250,000 units annually in the U.S. alone, it has become a rite of passage in pop-music puberty. It's no wonder that on July 1 Universal released yet another deluxe reissue of the album, this time celebrating its 30th anniversary. Few artists have hits collections that become their definitive works. But if you have one Bob Marley album, it's probably Legend, which is one reason members of his former backing band, the Wailers, are performing it in its entirety on the road this summer. Legend also defines its genre unlike any other album, introducing record buyers to reggae in one safe and secure package. In fact, it has been the top-selling reggae album in the U.S. for eight of the past ten years. "It doesn't just define a career, it defines a genre," says SoundScan analyst Dave Bakula. "I don't think you've got another genre where you've got that one album." Robert Nesta Marley was born on hi	Band Aid at 30: Fascinating facts you never knew about charity single's line-ups, bust-ups and hiccups - Mirror Online Celebs Band Aid at 30: Fascinating facts you never knew about charity single's line-ups, bust-ups and hiccups From the original track in 1984, up to the jaunty 1989 version by Stock, Aitken and Waterman and the radical reworking of 2004, they’ve always proved eventfull Share Get celebs updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email As Bob Geldof unveils the stunning supergroup creating Band Aid 30 , we look back at the previous recordings of Do They Know It’s Christmas? From the original track in 1984, up to the jaunty 1989 version by Stock, Aitken and Waterman and the radical reworking of 2004, they’ve always proved eventful. Here are a dozen facts about the previous line-ups, bust-ups and hiccups. Video Loading Click to play Tap to play The video will start in 8Cancel Play now 1 Bob Geldof insisted Boy George fly from New York to London to take part in the 1984 recording - he eventually arrived late at the studio at 6pm. But the Culture Club frontman’s throat was so sore from the band’s gig on the previous night that he had to neck a bottle of brandy. Not surprisingly, he took the most takes to get his vocal right. 2 The first line of the 1984 version of Do They Know It’s Christmas? was written for David Bowie, but he was unable to attend on the day of the recording. It was performed by Paul “Wherever I Lay My Hat” Young instead. 3 The original Band Aid of 1984 sold over three million copies in the first week alone and stayed at number one in Britain for five weeks. 4 There have been a few hangers-on over the years. Singer Marilyn, turned up to the original Band Aid recording in 1984 despite not being invited, and on the Band Aid 20 recording in 2004 Damon Albarn didn’t perform, he just made tea for the other stars while wearing a pink apron. Launch: Bob Geldof and Midge Ure yesterday (Photo: PA) 5 Soulful modfather Paul Weller was called upon to mime the line sung by husky U2 rocker Bono during a Band Aid performance on Top of the Pops in 1984. 6 During the recording of Band Aid 20 in 2004, Bono insisted he sang the same line again: “Well, tonight thank God it’s them, instead of you.” At the original recording in 1984 he was the only singer to record his line perfectly on the first attempt. 7 During the recording of the original Band Aid in 1984, cheeky chappies Status Quo spotted Spandau Ballet going to the studio’s toilets and thought it would be a hoot to lock them in there - but they didn’t stand for any of it, kicking in the loo door to make their escape. 8 The second Band Aid single, produced by Stock, Aitken and Waterman in 1989, featured a few big names like Kylie Minogue, Cliff Richard, Bros and Wet Wet Wet. However, unlike the 1984 original the line up, it also featured several artists who have been largely forgotten. Anybody recall Deuce, The Pasadenas or Big Fun? 9 There were apparently a few problems caused by rival egos during the recording of the original Band Aid single in 1984. Wham! star George Michael allegedly had a bust up with both Boy George and Paul Weller. 10 On the Band Aid 20 single of 2004 Bono, Paul McCartney and George Michael, who all performed on the original 1984 single, were asked to perform. The only artists to perform on the first and second Band Aid singles were two members of Bananarama. 11 The entire recording of the original Band Aid single of 1984 was done in 24 hours straight at the Notting Hill studios of uber producer Trevor Horn. 12 The first Band Aid single boasted a cover designed by Sir Peter Blake who also created the cover of The Beatles’ Seargent Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club band. For Band Aid 20 in 2004, Damien Hirst produced a cover featuring an African child under an image of the grim reaper, but it was considered to frightening to use. Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,150	How many letters are there in the Greek alphabet?	How Many Letters Are There in The Greek Alphabet? How Many Letters Are There in The Greek Alphabet? Home Science , Technology , World Bulent Yozgat 15 October 2013 From the beginning of the humanity people have been tying to communicate to each other because they have to making communication between each other. In order to find the necessities of them people have to talk or make communication to other people and they are saying about needs of them. Before the invention of the script people are making oral communication between each other but on the other hand when we think about the period after the invention of the script we can see that people start to use the letters instead of oral communication. And as a result of this invention new alphabet types have been emerged and in the world today there are lots of different alphabets that are used by the different communities that are from the different regions of the world. Today we are going to make a short analysis about The Greek Alphabet. The History of The Greek Alphabet When we look at the history of The Greek Alphabet, we can see that this alphabet is based on the date of 8 B.C and lots of the researches are claiming that The Greek Alphabet is coming from the alphabet of Phoenician Alphabet and in accordance with them and the consequences of some researches that are done currently this type of alphabet can be said that the modern Latin and Middle Eastern Scripts. On this point it can be easily said that the Phoenician Alphabet is very important for the modern alphabets and lots of the alphabets that are used today are taking their roots from this alphabet. As all we know from the history the mathematics and the science are one of the most important things in people’s lives and in these fields The Greek Alphabet is used in almost all around the whole world by people. The Greek Alphabet is not only used in modern era but on the other hand it is used in the periods of old era. When we look at the history of the Greece we can see that in old Greece there are lots of sciences and politics and democracy and it can be easily said that maybe the Greek Alphabet’s being such an important alphabet is those developments in the history of the Greece. When we look at the number of the letters that are available in The Greek Alphabet we can see that there are 24 letters in The Greek Alphabet. And these letters are: Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω alpha beta gamma delta epsilon zeta heta theta iota kappa lambda mu nu xi omicron pi rho sigma tau upsilon phi chi psi omega Like in the past, most probably in the future The Greek people will use the The Greek Alphabet. Again in the fields of the mathematics and the science these letters will be in use in the future. Other News	RAGMAG Ohm Issue \| Sept 2011 \| Issue#16 by RAGMAG Magazine (page 138) - issuu issuu 1. What is the difference between a spiral and a helix? 1. Where can you find the Church of the Holy Sepulchre? 1. What is the S.I. standard of temperature? 2. What is it called when a liquid is cooled to below its freezing point but it does not freeze? 2. The port of Mocha is in which country? 2. Boats and planes can roll and what other two ways do they move? 3. What do the letters LI-ION mean on a battery? 4. What is the difference between KVA and KW? 5. Melanophobia is the fear of what? 3. what is the capital of Latvia? 4. Which of these is NOT a wine region of France? Rhone, Alsace, Rioja, Bordeaux or Jura? 5. The Island of Madeira is in which ocean? Atlantic, Pacific or Indian? 6. If something is described as being anular in shape, what does it 6. The Alpine Ski Resort of St. resemble? Moritz is in which country? 7. You have three identically shaped balls 1Kg, 2Kg and 3Kg and you drop them from 20 Meters, which one will land first? 8. In climatology, to what does the term “Pluvial” refer? 7. The world’s highest swing, called the Nevis Arc, is located in which country? 8. Ibiza is in which Mediterranean island group? 9. Tirana is the capital of which 9. The Pascal is the SI unit of country? pressure.The Bar is the ilder term. 1 Bar is equivalent to how many 10. What is China’s second KiloPascal? largest river? 10. What element, whose symbol derives from its Greek name hydrargyrum, meaning watering silver, melts at -38.83 °C and yet boils at 356.73 °C? 3. What is the chemical symbol for Ozone? 4. What is the name given to the bending of light as it passes from one substance to another? 1. What cheese is made backwards? 2. If you write all the numbers from 300 to 400, how many times would you write the number 3? 3. What kind of bees make milk? 4. Where on earth do the winds always blow from the south? 5. If you feed me I will live but if you give me water I will die. What am i? 5. What computer operating 6. If five thousand, five hundred fifty system has a penguin as its logo? five dollars is written as $5,555, how should twelve thousand, twelve 6. There are three types of nuclear hundred twelve dollars be written? radiation. Gamma is one. Name the other two. 7. What number is next in this sequence? 1, 3, 4, 7, 11... 7. When a liquid changes from liquid to gas it’s called evaporation. What 8. Can you name three consecutive is it called when a solid changes days without using the words to gas? Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, or 8. What is the name of the pigment Sunday? that gives leaves their green colour? 9. Mr. and Mrs. Mustard have six daughters and each daughter has 9. What is the cube root of 8000? one brother. How many people are in the Mustard family? 10. In an electrical circuit diagram, what is denoted by circle 10. A horse is tied to a 5 m. rope; 6 m. containing the capital letter A? away from it, is a bail of hay. Without breaking the rope, the horse is able to get to the bail of hay. How is this possible? dingbats LONDON PARIS Book 2 COST $100.00 EACH 12 COST $50.00 EACH Film COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN Song ROUND#1 1. A spiral is on a flat plane 2. Super Cooled 3. Lithium Ion 4. KW takes into account the power factor 5. Colour Black 6. Ring 7. At the same time 8. Rainfall 9.100 10. Mercury ROUND#2 1. Jerusalem 2. Yemen 3. Riga 4. Rioja 5. Atlantic 6. Switzerland 7. New Zealand 8. Balearic Islands 9. Albania 10. Yellow River ROUND#3 1. Kelvin 2. Pitch and Yaw 3. O3 4. Refraction 5. Linux 6. Alpha and Beta 7. Sublimation 8. Chlorophyl 9. 20 10. Ammetre ROUND#4 1. Edam 2. 120 3. Boobies 4. North Pole 5. Fire 6. 13,212 7. 18 8. Yesterday, today and tomorrow 9. Nine 10. The other end is not tied to anything A TALE (TAIL) OF TO CITIES - THE LION, THE WITCH AND THE WARDROBE - HOT CHOCOLATE THREE BLIND MICE - ONE FLEW OVER THE CUCKOO’S NEST - LITTLE WOMEN DANGEROUS MINDS - CHEAPER BY THE DOZEN - FINAL COUNTDOWN 138 RAGMAG \| SEPTEMBER 2011	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,151	How many fences are jumped in completing the Grand National?	Course and Fences It is illegal for anyone aged under 18 to gamble Grand National Course and Fences The Grand National is the ultimate test of horse and jockey. The race comprises two full circuits of a unique 2ï¿½ mile (3,600 metres) course, where challengers will face 30 of the most testing fences in the world of jump racing. It was originally designed as a cross-country steeplechase when it was first officially run in 1839. The runners started at a lane on the edge of the racecourse and raced away from the course out over open countryside towards the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. The gates, hedges and ditches that they met along the way were flagged to provide them with the obstacles to be jumped along the way with posts and rails erected at the two points where the runners jumped a brook. The runners returned towards the racecourse by running along the edge of the canal before re-entering the course at the opposite end. The runners then ran the length of the racecourse before embarking on a second circuit before finishing in front of the stands. The majority of the race therefore took place not on the actual Aintree Racecourse but instead in the adjoining countryside. That countryside was incorporated into the modern course but commentators still often refer to it as "the country", much to the confusion of millions of once-a-year racing viewers. Nowadays, around 150 tonnes of spruce branches, sourced and transported from forests in the Lake District, are used to dress the Liverpool course's jump fences. Each fence used to be made from a wooden frame and covered with the distinctive green spruce. However, a radical change for the 2013 renewal saw that frame replaced by a softer, more forgiving material known as "plastic birch", for safety reasons. Each of the 16 fences on the course are jumped twice, with the exception of The Chair and the Water Jump, which are jumped on the first circuit only. You can take a jockey's eye view of the Grand National course via the video below: Safety Changes Following safety reviews after both the 2011 and 2012 renewals, a number of changes were made to the course with some reductions in fences or the drop after fences, plus the levelling of landing zones. Since 2013, the start of the race is now 90 yards closer to the first fence, reducing the race to four miles and three-and-a-half furlongs, from four-and-a-half miles, while measures were introduced to stop horses getting caught up in the starting tape. In particular, the start now includes the 'no-go' zone, which is defined by a line on the track, being extended from 15 yards to around 30 yards from the starting tape. The starter's rostrum has been moved to a position between the starting tape and the 'no-go' zone to reduce the potential for horses to go through the starting tape prematurely. The tapes themselves are also more user-friendly, with increased visibility, while there is now a specific briefing between the starters' team and the jockeys on Grand National day. The changes to the start are aimed at slowing the speed the first fence is approached at, while moving the start further away from the crowd reduces noise that can distract the horses. The makeup of all of the fences changed significantly in 2013. The new fences are still covered in spruce, but wooden posts have been replaced by a softer material known as "plastic birch", and on top of that birch there's a minimum of fourteen to sixteen inches of spruce that the horses can knock off. The outward appearance of the fences remains the same. Other measures included ï¿½100,000 being invested in irrigation to produce the safest jumping ground possible and a new bypass and pen around fence four to catch riderless horses. The Start There is a hazard to overcome even before the race starts - the build up, parade and re-girthing prior to the off lasts for around 25 minutes, over double the time it takes for any other race. With 40 starters, riders naturally want a good sight of the first fence and after the long build-up their nerves are stretched to breaking point, which means	Facts & Figures Facts & Figures It is illegal for anyone aged under 18 to gamble Facts & Figures Records The first race was held in 1839, but it started in inauspicious circumstances, going off two hours late after confusion over weighing procedures. The aptly named, and 5-1 favourite, Lottery came home first. The 1929 National featured the most starters in the race when 66 horses lined up. The smallest field was in 1883 when just 10 faced the starter. The fastest ever time is the 8 minutes 47.8 seconds Mr Frisk recorded in taking victory in 1990. The slowest time is the 14m 53s it took Lottery to win the first National in 1839. The smallest number of finishers was in 1928 when Tipperary Tim, a 100-1 outsider, was the first of two past the post. The greatest number of horses to finish was 23 in 1984. Hallo Dandy, ridden by Neale Doughty, was the winner. 17 completed last season. The 1997 Grand National, which was won by Lord Gyllene, was the 150th running of the race at Aintree and Sir Peter O'Sullevan's 50th and final commentary for the BBC. 2013 saw the first screening of the race by Channel 4. The shortest price winner was Poethlyn at 11-4 in 1919. The Course The first five Grand National's included one jump that was a stone wall. It was situated where the water jump now stands. Becher's Brook earned its name when a top jockey, Captain Martin Becher, took shelter in the brook after being unseated. "Water tastes disgusting without the benefits of whisky" he reflected. The Chair is the tallest fence at 5ft 2ins, and the broadest. The fence got its name as it was once alongside the seat used by the distance judge. The fences at Aintree are made up of spruce from the Lake District. The cost of the building work is tens of thousands of pounds and takes a month to complete. As well as horse racing, Aintree has also hosted a European and five British Grand Prix. Stirling Moss won his first Grand Prix in Liverpool in 1955. The change seemed to work in 2014 as no horse lost his jockey until the Canal Turn, although there were plenty of early casualties last year. Horses Red Rum is the most successful horse, having won the Grand National three times: 1973, 1974 and 1977. The oldest winning horse is Peter Simple, aged 15 (1853); the youngest winning horses were Alcibiade (1865), Regal (1876), Austerlitz (1877), Empress (1880), Lutteur III (1909), all aged 5. Abd-El-Kader was the first horse to win back-to-back Nationals, in 1850 and 1851. The Colonel, (1869 & 1870), Reynoldstown (1935 & 1936) and Red Rum (1973 & 1974) have also retained the crown. Can Many Clouds join this elite club this year? Moiffa won in 1904 - having disappeared a year earlier. On a trip to Liverpool from New Zealand, Moiffa's ship was shipwrecked. The horse was presumed lost at sea before turning up on an outcrop south of Ireland. The legendary Golden Miller won in 1934 and became the only horse to complete the Cheltenham Gold Cup-Grand National double in the same season. Garrison Savannah narrowly failed to emulate the feat in 1991. Manifesto has run in more races than any other horse. Between 1895 and 1904, he ran in eight races, winning two and coming third on three occasions. He only failed to finish once. Two Russian horses, Reljef and Grifel, competed in the 1961 Grand National, but neither finished. Horses from Hungary, the Czech Republic and Norway have also run in previous Grand Nationals, although all with similarly disappointing results. Hungarian chaser Buszke was pulled up in 1868, while Gyi Lovam, the first Czechoslovakian challenger in 1931, came to grief at Becherï¿½s, was remounted but fell again four fences later. The Czech-trained Essex, Fraze and Quirinus all carried automatic top-weight in the 1980s and 1990s but failed to complete. The 2000 renewal saw the first Norwegian-trained runner in the shape of Trinitro, but he got no further than the first fence where he fell. Japanese thoroughbred, Fujino-O captured four consecutive renewals of the prestigious Nakayama Daishogai in his homeland before being sent to Britain to be prepared f	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,152	"Whose voice was used for the character Mufasa in the film ""The Lion King""?"	Mufasa \| Disney Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia “We are all connected in the great Circle of Life .” ―Mufasa Mufasa is a major character in Disney 's 1994 animated feature film, The Lion King . He is Simba 's father, Sarabi 's mate, Scar 's older brother and King of the Pride Lands at the start of the film. Contents [ show ] Background Mufasa was the first son and heir of King Ahadi and Queen Uru , as evidenced in a set of prequel books released after the success of The Lion King. In A Tale of Two Brothers , Scar (then known as Taka) tried to make a fool out of Mufasa when he was young (see more at Scar's Backstory ). The storybook Friends in Need reveals how he met Zazu , his trusted hornbill "majordomo": he saved the bird when he was caught by none other than the three hyenas Shenzi, Banzai and Ed in the elephant graveyard. However, this conflicts with another book How True, Zazu?, in which Zazu becomes steward to the king after Zazu's mother, Zuzu retires. Personality Despite his strong exterior, Mufasa is kind-hearted and playful, showing respect for all the creatures, even those who are perceived as lower than himself. He is not strictly business, often playing games with his majordomo Zazu, and is unafraid of showing affection, as seen when he greets Rafiki with a hug prior to the presentation of Simba. As a king and a father, Mufasa is instructive and wise, borne down by years of experience and instruction. His rule over the Pride Lands results in a period of prosperity, reflecting his reasonable and responsible approach to kingship. His lessons leave a deep imprint on Simba, who learns from his father that every creature must be respected in order for balance to be maintained. His wisdom touches through on his understanding of responsibility and his willingness to set aside personal gain in order to better the Pride Lands. If his family is endangered, Mufasa exposes his protective side, ready to throw himself into danger in order to keep those he loves safe. Ultimately, he is willing to sacrifice his life for his family, proving his love to be stronger for his family than for himself. He is happy to impart knowledge to his grandson when he is feeling confused and is willing to give Kion a step in the right direction. His courage and strength were emphasized during the wildebeest stampede when he leaped into the stampede to rescue Simba and later made a massive leap onto the wall of the gorge. Mufasa was also very patient and optimistic. In spirit, he is shown to give time for his plans to work and never give up hope on them, even with the obstacles that stand in the way of his goals being reached, waiting till Simba reaches adulthood to guide him back on the path as the rightful king and persuading Rafiki to bring together Kovu and Kiara. For all his positive traits, Mufasa was not flawless. His main flaws were prejudice and poor judge of character. He was unable to recognize Scar's treachery until it was too late and at times he displayed a rather fierce temper. Appearances The Lion King Mufasa and Sarabi on the day of Simba's presentation. A huge, powerful male lion, Mufasa was the King of the Pride Lands at the start of the The Lion King, father of Simba , and mate of Sarabi . He is shown to be a wise and fair ruler, who follows the "Circle of Life". However, his brother Scar is jealous of Mufasa's position as king and forms a plan to kill Mufasa and Simba, who is Mufasa's heir, so he can be king. Mufasa is ultimately portrayed as an "ideal king"; strong, powerful and kind-hearted, which is contrasted to the deceitfulness and lust for power of Scar. After Scar is discovered to have missed Simba's presentation ceremony, Mufasa comes over to the den to personally tell him off, coming in just in time to see Scar try to devour Zazu and proceeded to order his brother to spit him out. Mufasa then scolded his brother for missing his nephew's presentation, especially when Simba will be his future king. He later gets angrier at Scar when he not only turns his back and walks away, but also implies in response that he mi	The Lion King: Film Notes "The Lion King" Production Information The adventure-filled journey of Simba, a heroic young lion struggling to find his place in nature's "circle of life" and follow in the regal paw prints of his father, the great King Mufasa, forms the basis of Walt Disney Pictures' extraordinary new animated feature, "The Lion King." Set against the breathtaking natural beauty, mysticism and diversity of the African landscape, captured and stylized here by a team of top artistic talents, Disney's 32nd full-length animated film is a uniquely entertaining coming-of-age allegory and the studio's first to be based on an original story. Using classic storytelling elements, personable characters, memorable music, generous doses of humor and universal themes as building blocks, the film's creative team meticulously and painstakingly crafted the story instead of the more traditional approach of adapting a classic fairy tale or literary favorite. With superb performances from Disney's talented animation team and an inspired all-star vocal ensemble, five incredible new songs by legendary singer/songwriter Elton John and Academy Award-winning lyricist Tim Rice ("Aladdin") plus composer Hans Zimmer's evocative score and musical supervision, this stylish, ambitious and magical film provides a delightfully entertaining experience for moviegoers of all ages. Innovative uses of technology add to the production's scope and richness, allowing the filmmakers to once again expand the boundaries of their medium by creating images and situations that were never before possible. "The Lion King" follows the epic adventures of a young lion cub named Simba as he struggles to accept the responsibilities of adulthood and his destined role as king of the jungle. As a carefree cub, he "just can't wait to be king," and spends his days frolicking with his pal, Nala. His father, King Mufasa, the revered ruler of Pride Rock and the lands that surround it, teaches him about the "circle of life" -- the delicate balance of nature which bonds all animals together -- and cautions him to prepare for the day when he will be called upon to lead. Mufasa's evil brother, Scar, hopes that day will never arrive and schemes to do away with the king and Simba so that he can assume the throne for his own tyrannical purposes. He and his hyena henchmen -- Shenzi, Banzai and Ed -- lure Simba into the path of a wildebeest stampede in which Mufasa is killed trying to save his son. Scar convinces Simba that he is responsible for his father's death and urges him to run far away from the Pride Lands and never return. A frightened and guilt-ridden Simba flees into exile where he is befriended by a wacky but warmhearted warthog named Pumbaa and his free-wheeling meerkat companion, Timon. Under the dubious guidance of this nature's odd couple, Simba adopts their "Hakuna Matata" (no worries) attitude towards life, living on a diet of bugs and taking things one day at a time. The cub matures into a young adult and is able to put his past behind him until a beautiful young lioness, who turns out to be his childhood friend Nala, arrives on the scene. She tells him of the hard times and suffering that have come to the Pride Lands under Scar's reign and beseeches him to take his place as king. With the help of Rafiki, a wise shaman baboon, Simba realizes that his father's spirit lives on in him and that he must accept the responsibility of his destined role. In a climactic battle with his uncle and an army of hyenas, Simba attempts to reclaim his rightful place in the "circle of life." Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff, two versatile Disney veterans whose impressive backgrounds run the gamut from character animation to story supervision, design and short film direction, make their feature film directing debuts on "The Lion King." Producer Don Hahn, a major contributor to Disney's animation renaissance during his 18 years at the studio as producer of "Beauty and the Beast" and as associate producer of "Who Framed Roger Rabbit," was responsible for overseeing this production. Thom	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,153	Scottish playwright Sharman Macdonald is the mother of which famous English actress?	Sharman Macdonald (Dramatist) - Pics, Videos, Dating, & News Sharman Macdonald Female Born Feb 8, 1951 Sharman Macdonald is a Scottish playwright, screenwriter, and former actress. She is the mother of the film actress Keira Knightley. related links Photos View newly released photos of Sharman Macdonald. Keira Knightley Gets Married! Details Of Her Low Key French Wedding Here Ok Magazine - May 04, 2013 ' \\n Keira Knightley practically skipped out of the town hall in Mazan, France where she and James Righton got married on Saturday, May 4. \\n The happy couple, who got engaged a year ago, exchanged vows in front of around a dozen guests, including Keira\\'s mother, <mark>Sharman MacDonald</mark>, and James\\' father, Nicholas, and brother, Bill. \\n In keeping with the low-key tone of the day, Keira wore a Chanel jacket over her strapless white tulle dress, and she adorned her hair with a deli... This Is Where We Got To When You Came In, Bush Theatre The Arts Desk Google News - Sep 18, 2011 'Stephen Poliakoff, <mark>Sharman Macdonald</mark>, Jonathan Harvey amongst many others made their stage-writing entrance within its modest portals. Forgive me while I get a little bit slushy here. Memories are flooding in. The Bush has seen innumerable world' Complicated Romance In The Edge Of Love Gulfnews.Com Google News - Sep 16, 2011 'The plot Written by Keira's playwright mother, <mark>Sharman Macdonald</mark>, the film is loosely based on David Thomas's book, Dylan Thomas: A Farm, Two Mansions and a Bungalow, about the liaisons and complicated love life of the famous' Celebrity Of The Day: 'a Dangerous Method' Star Keira Knightley Globe And Mail Google News - Sep 11, 2011 'The daughter of actor Will Knightley and playwright <mark>Sharman Macdonald</mark>, Knightley sees herself as a child of the theatre, and she looked forward to wrapping her tongue around the script's complex dialogue. (She's currently working on her next project,' Learn about the memorable moments in the evolution of Sharman Macdonald. CHILDHOOD 1951 Birth Born on February 8, 1951. TWENTIES 1972 21 Years Old Macdonald was born in Glasgow, and educated at the University of Edinburgh, from which she graduated in 1972. … Read More She credits fellow Scot Ian Charleson with supporting and encouraging her to follow her theatrical aspirations, and she later contributed a chapter to the 1990 book, For Ian Charleson: A Tribute. Macdonald moved to London after university, and worked as an actress with the 7:84 Theatre Company and at the Royal Court Theatre. Although her acting career included 7 years of television work, she eventually left it, due in large part to stage fright. Read Less THIRTIES 1984 33 Years Old While working as an actress, Macdonald wrote her first play, When I Was a Girl, I Used to Scream and Shout; it was first performed at the Bush Theatre in 1984, and won her the Evening Standard Award for most promising playwright. … Read More Some of the themes in Scream and Shout were inspired by games that her son, Caleb, played with his friends. Of this, Macdonald has said that "it's the result of a bet, this writing life. I was desperate for a second child. Desperate never to act again. Most of all desperate to stop eating lentils, French bread and tomatoes. We were broke, Will and me. We had one child. My hormones were screaming at me to have another. So. Will bet me a child for the sale of a script". Read Less FORTIES 1991 40 Years Old Her other work includes The Brave, commissioned by the Bush Theatre; When We Were Women, first performed at the Cottesloe Theatre; All Things Nice, commissioned by the English Stage Company and first performed at the Royal Court Theatre in 1991; The Winter Guest, which was made into a film, in 1997, directed by Alan Rickman; The Girl With Red Hair (2005), which had its first reading in August 2003; and Windfall a film adaptation of Penny Vincenzi's best-selling novel PiVotal Pictures. FIFTIES 2006 55 Years Old She has written two plays for the National Theatre's Shell Connections programme; After Juliet	News, sport, celebrities and gossip \| The Sun George Clooney slams Trump after his Twitter tirade at Meryl Streep branding star 'overrated' auntie axes radio show BBC Radio 2 is axing their After Midnight show to cut costs 'in line with the rest of Beeb' CLUELESS CORONOR Death certificates reveal cause of Carrie Fisher's heart attack STILL a mystery, but confirm mum's stroke 'It was a great big one' Keith Lemon reveals he found a sex toy in one celebrity's house on Through The Keyhole BACK IN THE DALES Emmerdale star Charley Webb admits she 'burst into tears' on her first day back on set 'I LOVE HER' Sherlock's Martin Freeman reveals split with Amanda Abbington is 'as civilised as he's ever heard' TV PICKS Shows to watch on Tuesday 10 January from Martin Clunes: Islands of Australia to Sugar Free Farm PINK BALLOONS Emmerdale star Lucy Pargeter reveals the sex of her twins as she talks upcoming birth 'SHE'S WELCOME' Olivia Buckland reveals Alex Bowen's Love Island fling Zara Holland is invited to their wedding 'I CAN BE PROUD' Caroline Flack accidentally published a boozy 'half-naked video' with TV chef pal Gizzi Erskine on Instagram SACK THE STYLIST? Carrie Underwood, Hailee Steinfeld and Jessica Chastain miss the fashion mark at the Golden Globes Ola by myselfie Ola Jordan sends temperatures rising as she flashes underboob in 2017 calendar SNAPPY LOU YEAR Louise Redknapp showcases her impressive bikini bod with final pic from sunny New Year Dubai break ripped and stripped Danielle Armstrong shares naughty Snapchat of new boyfriend Daniel Spiller stripping in Dubai hotel room MIAMI NICE Heidi Klum goes topless as she relaxes during Miami holiday with boyfriend Vito Schnabel briefs encounter Emily Ratajkowski suffers fashion fail as she flashes her knickers at Golden Globes after party SUPERHERO SNOG Ryan Reynolds and Andrew Garfield caught in steamy clinch as Deadpool star loses Golden Globe well it is the golden globes! Dresses with plunging necklines are the order of the day as string of stars dare to bare what a night! Sofia Vergara grabs Priyanka Chopra's boobs and Miranda Kerr flashes flesh at Golden Globes after parties Ender the show Rita Simons greets panto fans after final performance following shock EastEnders death GOING POP Poppy Delevingne performs a sexy striptease for the latest racy Love Advent video THANKS FOR THE COCKTAILS! Lauren Goodger fails 'dry January' for second time in week after free dinner at posh restaurant DELIVEROOPS! Helena Bonham-Carter finds herself in a scrape after reversing her Mini into a Deliveroo driver as ex Tim Burton watches on SMOKIN' HOT Bianca Gascoigne is smouldering as she shows off toned bum and abs in her sexiest lingerie shoot yet PUPPIES ON SHOW Paris Hilton strips to her bra and cuddles her dogs as she poses in cute LOVE Magazine photoshoot 'I LOVE IT' Kylie Jenner proudly displays leg scar she got after childhood accident playing 'hide and seek' with Kendall at the Golden Globes afterparty BLONDE AMBITION Danniella Westbrook shows off new blonde hairstyle just hours after picking up her house keys What a waist! Holly Willoughby looks sensational despite having a 'fondue and Aperol Spritz' every day on holiday SPEEDY ED'S DAD DREAD Pop superstar Ed Sheeran fears rollicking from father after picking up speeding ticket in his £200,000 Aston Martin DB9 TIME FOR ROMANCE Amy Adams, Jessica Biel and Blake Lively put on passionate PDAs with their partners at the Golden Globes Hair’s how to stand out Lola Kirke flaunts her hairy armpits in a strapless dress at the Golden Globes CASEY'S GOLDEN GLOBES Ex-CBB star Casey Batchelor dips her toes into world of acting with star role in Bonded By Blood 2 MODEL SON David Beckham styles son Brooklyn ahead of his London Fashion Week collection launch BOOTY ON BOARD Bikini-clad Ariel Winter flashes her bum in cheeky holiday snap with a pal as they enjoy a boat trip THE WALFORD WORKOUT Coleen tells Nicola “I’m a f***ing TV star” on Celebrity Big Brother 00:31 Ola Jordan weighs in on Nicola McLean’s flirting with Jamie O’Hara 01:28 The mome	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,154	What type of work is 99 Cent II Diptychon by Andreas Gursky which was sold for USD 3.3 million in 2007 and holds the record for the highest price paid for an artifact in that field?	99 Cent II Diptychon 99 Cent II Diptychon C-print mounted to acrylic glass Dimensions 207 cm × 307 cm (81 in × 121 in) The artwork 99 Cent II Diptychon from 2001 is a two-part photograph made by Andreas Gursky probably in 1999, as the work is sometimes called “99 cent.1999″. The work depicts an interior of a supermarket with numerous aisles depicting goods resulting in a colorful work. The work is digitally altered to reduce perspective. The photograph is a chromogenic color print or c-print . It is a two-part work, also called a diptych . There were 6 sets made and mounted on acrylic glass . The photographs have a size of 2.07 by 3.37 metres (6.8 ft × 11.1 ft). Record sale prices The work became famous as being the most expensive photograph in the world when it was auctioned at Sotheby’s on February 7, 2007 for a price of US$3.34 million. Another auction in New York in May 2006 fetched $2.25 million for a second print, and a third print sold for $2.48 million in November 2006 at a New York gallery. [1] These would be the fourth and sixth-most costly photographs sold, as of 2011. On May 12, 2011 Cindy Sherman’s Untitled #96 from 1981 was sold for $3.89 million. References Beyst, Stefan. “ Essays on contemporary artists – Andreas Gursky “. Retrieved on July 22, 2008 External links	Heritage Education in India\| Heritage Activities for Children\| Conservation Activities Education Top HEAD TURNER In the scorching May heat, thousands of soldiers fought in the fortress city of Seringapatam in 1799. The month-long battle ended with the death of Tipu Sultan and the victory of the colonisers. While the news led to jubilation in Britain, its celebrated landscape artist JMW Turner gave it permanence in his watercolour. The artist had never visited India, but visualised the scene from across continents. Lost in time, the impression of the battlefield has now resurfaced. The 1800 work will be part of The Jodhpur Auction organised by Bid & Hammer on March 9, at Umaid Bhawan Palace . It will comprise 112 lots, including jewellery, furniture, paintings, artefacts, daggers and sheaths from the Mughal dynasty and sculptures dating back to 11th and 12th centuries. "There will be something for everyone," says Ankush Dadha, director of Bid & Hammer. While the total estimate is expected between Rs 35 crore to Rs 45 crore, leading the sale is an eight-panel mirrored and painted metal screen, executed in 1928 by famous French artist Etienne Drian. Estimated to fetch between Rs 4 -Rs 6 crore, this was purchased by the Maharaja of Indore Yeshwant Rao Holkar II at an exhibition in France in 1931. The jazz aficionado gifted it to his daughter, the Maharani of Indore, from whom it came to the Holkar collection. He is equally excited about the Turner work, estimated between Rs 2- Rs 3 crore. Coming from his father Maher Dadha's private collection, it was acquired by the family from Maharaja of Pudukkottai in the 1970s. It was Dadha, however, who discovered that it belonged to Turner, last year, when he was flipping through a catalogue of the National Gallery of Scotland. "There was an image of the study of the work there. The similarities were obvious. So we immediately went to Tate to get the work authenticated," says Dadha. Planned for almost a year, the auction has other significant works as well. If art connoisseurs have Bamapada Bannerjee's oil depicting a king giving alms to poor (Rs 9 lakh-Rs 12 lakh) and MF Husain's sardonic oil depicting a semi-nude women (Rs 1.25 crore -Rs 1.50 crore), for those interested in rare figurines there is a 16th century gilt bronze figure of Amitabha flanked by two Taras in a pagoda (Rs 1.5-Rs 2.25 crore), from the collection of Sumitra Devi Birla. French glass designer Renee Lalique's unique suite of six massive lustre Moineaux I ceiling lights is priced between Rs 90 lakh and Rs 1.2 crore. Proceeds from the auction will be forwarded to Indian Head Injury Foundation, established by Maharaja Gajsingh II of Jodhpur in February 2007, after his son suffered from a serious head injury while playing polo in Jaipur. The lots, though, might have to compete for attention with the audience that is expected to comprise A-listers, from Oscar-winner Forest Whitaker to Amitabh Bachchan, Shah Rukh Khan, Mukesh Ambani, French billionaire Patrick Guerrand Hermes and the Duke of York, Prince Andrew. The star-attraction, however, might be British musician, Sting. The rock star is expected to perform at a private concert. "It promises to be a gala," says Dadha. 9 March 2013, Indian Express Top Tradition in brave colours In a difficult landscape, art often provides meaning to life and the artisans of Rajasthan have discovered ways to express their art through a variety of media ï¿½ be it wood, metal, sand, stone, leather or cloth. For centuries, weavers of Rajasthan have been crafting exquisitely woven durries or flat weave rugs in their backyards. While Salawas, near Jodhpur, is an important centre of durry weaving in western Rajasthan, in the southern tip of the State, this art is practiced as a tradition by the Prajapats and Meenas of Ranakpur and Sadri. How people of this region took to weaving is an interesting story that played out hundreds of years ago, when the tribal people of Mewar (southern Rajasthan region) used to seek shelter in temples. It was then that they started weaving rugs for their own u	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,155	How many strings has the Russian balalaika?	Balalaika - Russian Studies - Macalester College Blogger Balalaika is a melodic word. It is a word with rhythm, dynamics, tone. It bounces off the tongue like lyrics, concluding with a resounding last syllable (a triumphant -ka) like a song's final resolution. The balalaika, as its name would suggest, is a Russian folk instrument. Developed in its modern form during the 19th century by musical prodigy Vassilij Vassilevich Andreev, the contemporary balalaika comes in five sizes, the contrabass, bass, sekunda, prima, and piccolo, and customarily has either three strings or six arranged into two groups. It is tuned to a perfect fourth (E-E-A) and played using either an index finger or a pick (Wikipedia, 2009). The triangular body of the instrument is usually made from hard wood and can be plain or highly decorative with darker wood inlays, hand painting, and/or an ornately carved sound hole in the center. Although its roots are often disputed, the balalaika does resemble many East Asian stringed instruments, like the dombra and tanbur. Before the 1500s, jesters or roving minstrels, called skomorokhs, played the balalaika as a form of rebellion, accompanying their tunes with lyrics which ridiculed politics and the Russian Orthodox Church (Wikipedia). Because of this, the church tried to exterminate Russian folk music and its radical underpinnings during the 1600s. It is unsurprising then that the first written documentation of a balalaika is an arrest record from the year 1688. However, the church was unsuccessful in its endeavors, and folk music thrived during the 1700s (Findeizen). Serf orchestras were formed and new demand for music teachers arose all over Russia. Folk music spread over the entirety of Russia (Shepherd), and the balalaika itself became so popular with the lower and middle classes during this period that it seemed every household owned at least one (Rogosin). Throughout the 1800s, the balalaika remained common, and attitudes toward it paralleled the increasing revolutionary spirit in Russia. During the 1890s (that is to say, the years leading up to the Russian Revolution), Russia experienced two important developments. The first was rapid industrial growth, meaning that more people were working at dangerous factories for a low wage than ever before, and the second was the emancipation of the serfs. From a modern perspective this seemingly benevolent act should have gained the tsar more support. However. while the tsar required that the serfs be freed and that their owners give them a part of their land, the amount of land that the serfs were to be given would never allow them to be anything more than subsistence farmers. Furthermore, the owners were able to choose what land to give the newly freed peasants. The land they chose was often the worst land they owned, making even the most marginal life nearly impossible. While workers' dissatisfaction about poor conditions at factories escalated, the peasantry's disappointment over failed reform grew (Chung). Discontentment was developing in the lower classes, and communism was gaining popularity. A revolution was brewing. The new subversive attitude of both the proletariat and the peasantry can be seen in their treatment of the balalaika in art. For example, a manufactured glass bottle from the 1890s, currently on display at the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia, depicts a peasant playing the balalaika. It is a beautiful object which openly celebrates the common man, symbolized by the balalaika (which was a quotidian instrument). The idolization of the peasant class through this object shows the new focus and empowerment of the former serfs. And because the bottle unites the peasants (the focus of the art), and the proletariat (the creators and intended consumers of the art), the bottle can also be read as a precursor to communism, which would unite these two groups again under the crossed sickle and hammer. The bottle, while aesthetically pleasing, is purposefully utilitarian. The proletariat and the peasants, unified as emerging comm	Famous Russian People. Russian celebrities. Russian poets, Russian painters, Russian artists Isaak Levitan Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (1844-1908) Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov was a celebrated Russian composer and music teacher. His operas and other musical works are admired not only in Russia but also abroad. In St. Petersburg there is a Ballet and Opera House named after him. It is situated right opposite the famous Mariinsky Theater. There is also a monument to the composer nearby. George R. Seaman wrote: "Rimsky-Korsakov was truly a man of many parts. Apart from his work as a prolific composer of sixteen operas, and a substantial body of compositions in many other genres, he was also active as a teacher, music inspector, conductor, editor, writer, as well as leading a full and busy life within the bosom of his family.'' Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov was born in a small provincial town of Tikhvin, near Novgorod, 200 km from St. Petersburg. His family was unusual by the age of its members. At the time of his birth his father was 60, his mother 42 and his brother was already a naval officer and was 22 years old. In Tikhvin little Nika learned to play the piano. His parents noticed that he made good progress and had a perfect ear. But they did not pay much attention to this. At his parents' will, Nika, when he was twelve, entered the Naval Academy in St. Petersburg to become a mariner following his brother. From 1856 to 1862, he attended the Naval Academy in St. Petersburg. From that time he began to go to operas, symphonic concerts and acquired a passion for music. His new music teacher Canille noticed the musical gift of his pupil and told him he should try to compose music himself. Canille explained the general rules of musical composition, set him homework and soon introduced to the composer Miliy Balakirev who was the head of a St. Petersburg musical circle. During the last year of his studies at the Naval Academy (1861-62) Nikolai began to compose a symphony. He was happy and dreamed to become a composer. He joined the group of young composers who later became known as "the Mighty Five". This group, led by Balakirev, urged Russian composers to stress their national heritage in their music. But his mother and brother (his father died in March 1862) convinced Nikolai that a musical career would not ensure a sufficient income, and therefore he should become a naval officer. In order to do this, he had to embark on a round-the-world trip. In October, 1862 Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov set off from Kronstadt as a gardemarine on the clipper "Almaz". He sailed on a three-year naval cruise, during which he visited Germany, England, The United States of America (where he went on a trip to the Niagara Falls), Brazil, France and Spain. He saw many different aspects of nature, particularly of the Northern, Equatorial and Southern seas, the stormy and calm ocean, the starry sky of the Southern hemisphere. All these natural pictures left striking impressions in his memory. Later he interpreted these impressions as well as the natural phenomenon of the North of Russia in his music with a great talent. He created beautiful musical pictures of the sea (e.g. in Sadko , The Tale of the Tsar Saltan , Scheherazade); of the forest with its sounds (e.g. in The Snow maiden, The Legend of the Invisible Town Kitezh); of the air and sky (e.g. in The Christmas Night, Koshchei the Deathless). He completed his first symphony on board a ship. After returning to St. Petersburg in 1865, he revised the symphony under Balakirev's supervision. It had its first performance that same year in a concert with Mily Balakirev as the conductor, and it was a great success. The audience were astonished, when they saw that the author was a very young naval officer. So his musical career began. Still he had to earn a living and thus only gave up active naval service eight years later. In 1867 Rimsky-Korsakov created a "musical scene" Sadko for the orchestra which won him recognition. The young composer was carried away by a fairy-tale abou	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,156	Which Moroccan athlete was the first person to run the 5000m in under 13 minutes?	Maroccan training – El Guerrouj \| Welcome to mariusbakken.com Maroccan training – El Guerrouj Maroccan training – El Guerrouj The Training of the Maroccan World Class Athletes This information on the Maroccan training systemin this article comes mainly from lectures by Kada, the coach of runners such as Hicham El’Guerrouj (World Rec. 1500 m.) Salah Hissou (ex-World Rec at 10 000 m. with 26.38), Zahra Ouziz, Said El Wardi and many more. Most of the content is provided by Mr. Marco Velediaz, after giving an appreciated permission to mariusbakken.com to publish it. But in this article, I will also try to incorporate the training of the other succesful “school” in Marocco, the one of Khalid Skah (Olympic 10000 meter champ in 92 and World Champ in cross), Khalid Bouhlami (12.53 5000 meters) and many others. This will be based on information from Khalid himself, who is the roommate (!) of one of my best friends Henrik Sandstad (always together with me on training camps in Kenya.) The information is also based on talks with Michael Dykes, a good friend of mine who spend 4 months in Marocco last year training with the El Guerrouj and Bouhlami groups and who is fluent in French. It has to be added that the Maroccans are extremely smart in their training, and I can not guarantee that 100 % of the info in this article is 100 % correct (as Kada also has pointed out about the Velediaz article). But it will give you a very good idea of most of the training they are doing. Training of the Mens 1500m World Record Holder Hicham El Guerrouj by Marco Veledíaz marco_velediaz@infosel.net.mx Mexico City,Mexico Over the last few months I have been putting together information about the training methods and systems from several countries and trying to find out the reasons behind the success of any group of athletes in the middle and distance events. After spending several nights trying to put the following article in a logical sequence, finally it is done. Please excuse me for the probable orthographic mistakes (my native language is the Spanish). THE MOROCCAN TRAINING SYSTEM. Whereas the Kenyans owe their astonishing success to living at altitude, the desire to escape poverty among other factors, the Moroccan secret is more scientific, they operate one of the most meticulous and scientifically advanced training programs in the world. Their athletic results are the product of a structure and a training system, this structure comes from an organization in their national athletics federation and new training concepts. Technical Organization of the Moroccan Athletics Federation. It is organized in “Compartments” or “Directions” that are complementary each other and are involved from the beginning until the end on the development of the athlete. I. Direction of Talent Spotting (Detection). “The success is due to a deliberate selection process” says Aziz Daouda, the technical director of the national federation. The talent-spotting system is done with young men and women between 12 and 16 years old. They use caravans that travel throughout Morocco with equipment for the tests application’s and it has two phases, in the first phase the aspirants are put to 3 tests: 1. short run (they do not say the exact distance) with low start, 2. a middle distance race and, 3. standing long jump. With these simple 3 tests they get a girl/boy’s profile:1. reaction speed,2. endurance and 3.explosive strength. in the second phase when they have finished these 3 tests, they put them to another 3 medical tests like on treadmill and blood test. The more gifted athletes then are sent to what they call “Preparation Local Units” where they are attended by athletics coaches in their 1st phase of development (12-16 years) practicing a multilateral development. These sport centers are sponsored by a phosphate industry and the coaches are paid by the government and the national federation. In the 1995-1996 period, the 60% of the Moroccan territory was covered and inspected. II. Youngsters Technical Direction. After this first development phase the best ones are sent to	Roger Bannister breaks four-minutes mile - May 06, 1954 - HISTORY.com Roger Bannister breaks four-minutes mile Share this: Roger Bannister breaks four-minutes mile Author Roger Bannister breaks four-minutes mile URL Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 1954, at the Iffley Road Track in Oxford, England, medical student Roger Bannister becomes the first person in recorded history to run the mile in under four minutes. Roger Bannister was born in Middlesex on March 23, 1929. His parents couldn’t afford to send him to school, so he ran his way in: Bannister won a track scholarship to Oxford, where he studied medicine and was a running sensation. He caused a furor in England when he declined to run the 1500 meters in the 1948 London Olympics so he could concentrate on his medical studies. He did run in the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki, but finished fourth. Again, the British press scorned him. He then resolved to break track and field’s most famous barrier, the four-minute mile, a feat many believed to be impossible. Bannister had limited time to train, as he was enrolled at St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School. He would run 30 minutes most days, focusing the rest of his time on his study of neurology. On May 6, 1954, Bannister was running for the Amateur Athletic Association in Oxford against runners from the university in their annual match. He ran with two friends, who paced him, and then sprinted the last 200 yards, for a record time of 3:59.4. Later that month, Australian John Landy broke Bannister’s record by less than a second. The two were then made out to be rivals. In August, Bannister and Landy met face-to-face at the British Empire Games in Vancouver, British Columbia, where 35,000 spectators watched what was billed as the “mile of the century.” Landy led Bannister the entire race, but Bannister out-sprinted Landy down the straightaway to win by five yards and less than a second, 3:58.8 to 3:59.6. Their two times were the third and fourth recorded miles run in under four minutes in history. Bannister finished his medical degree and became a practicing neurologist and neuroscience researcher. Knighted in 1975, Sir Roger Bannister served as director of the National Hospital for Nervous Diseases in London. Long after his career as a runner had ended, in an interview with Bill Heine of BBC’s Radio Oxford, Bannister called running a “powerful source of self expression” and said of his talent on the track, “I believe that as I grew up through adolescence, this capacity to run without pain or discomfort became part of me, and it found its expression in running in cross country races, running with friends, for the sheer enjoyment running across the countryside. Running, not walking, and, eventually this became a track event with more and more people watching and people concerned with stopwatches.” Related Videos	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,157	What was the name of the 42 year old African-American who became famous for refusing to give her seat up to a white bus passenger in Alabama in 1955?	An Act of Courage, The Arrest Records of Rosa Parks \| National Archives National History Day Topic Resources An Act of Courage, The Arrest Records of Rosa Parks On December 1, 1955, during a typical evening rush hour in Montgomery, Alabama, a 42-year-old woman took a seat on the bus on her way home from the Montgomery Fair department store where she worked as a seamstress. Before she reached her destination, she quietly set off a social revolution when the bus driver instructed her to move back, and she refused. Rosa Parks, an African American, was arrested that day for violating a city law requiring racial segregation of public buses. On the city buses of Montgomery, Alabama, the front 10 seats were permanently reserved for white passengers. The diagram shows that Mrs. Parks was seated in the first row behind those 10 seats. When the bus became crowded, the bus driver instructed Mrs. Parks and the other three passengers seated in that row, all African Americans, to vacate their seats for the white passengers boarding. Eventually, three of the passengers moved, while Mrs. Parks remained seated, arguing that she was not in a seat reserved for whites. James Blake, the driver, believed he had the discretion to move the line separating black and white passengers. The law was actually somewhat murky on that point, but when Mrs. Parks defied his order, he called the police. Officers Day and Mixon came and promptly arrested her. In police custody, Mrs. Parks was booked, fingerprinted, and briefly incarcerated. The police report shows that she was charged with "refusing to obey orders of bus driver." For openly challenging the racial laws of her city, she remained at great physical risk while held by the police, and her family was terrified for her. When she called home, she spoke to her mother, whose first question was "Did they beat you?" Mrs. Parks was not the first person to be prosecuted for violating the segregation laws on the city buses in Montgomery. She was, however, a woman of unchallenged character who was held in high esteem by all those who knew her. At the time of her arrest, Mrs. Parks was active in the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), serving as secretary to E.D. Nixon, president of the Montgomery chapter. Her arrest became a rallying point around which the African American community organized a bus boycott in protest of the discrimination they had endured for years. Martin Luther King, Jr., the 26-year-old minister of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, emerged as a leader during the well-coordinated, peaceful boycott that lasted 381 days and captured the world's attention. It was during the boycott that Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., first achieved national fame as the public became acquainted with his powerful oratory. After Mrs. Parks was convicted under city law, her lawyer filed a notice of appeal. While her appeal was tied up in the state court of appeals, a panel of three judges in the U.S. District Court for the region ruled in another case that racial segregation of public buses was unconstitutional. That case, called Browder v. Gayle, was decided on June 4, 1956. The ruling was made by a three-judge panel that included Frank M. Johnson, Jr., and upheld by the United States Supreme court on November 13, 1956. For a quiet act of defiance that resonated throughout the world, Rosa Parks is known and revered as the "Mother of the Civil Rights Movement." The documents shown here relating to Mrs. Parks's arrest are copies that were submitted as evidence in the Browder v. Gayle case. They are preserved by the National Archives at Atlanta in Morrow, Georgia, in Record Group 21, Records District Courts of the United States, U.S. District Court for Middle District of Alabama, Northern (Montgomery) Division. Civil Case 1147, Browder, et al v. Gayle, et al. Suggested Reading Bass, Jack. Taming the Storm?The Life and Times of Judge Frank M. Johnson, Jr. and the South's Fight over Civil Rights. NY: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., 1993. Branch, Taylor. Parti	Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (1955) Author: James Hitchcock from Tunbridge Wells, England "Love is a Many-Splendored Thing" is set in Hong Kong in 1949-50, and tells the story of the relationship between Mark Elliott, a white American journalist, and Han Suyin, a half-Chinese half-European doctor. This story of a mixed-race love affair was quite a daring theme for the fifties, and, as it often did, Hollywood tried to soften the blow by casting a white actress as the supposedly non-Caucasian woman who falls in love with a white man, something that would be regarded as politically incorrect today but was quite acceptable then.. (Think, for example, of the casting of Ava Gardner in "Show Boat" or Natalie Wood in "West Side Story") The setting of the story in a British colony was also perhaps a way of exploring racial issues in a way that would cause less controversy in America. Suyin loses her job in a Hong Kong hospital because her British superiors take exception to the fact that she is dating a white man, whom she is unable to marry because his estranged wife will not grant him a divorce. As was sometimes the case, European colonialism was made the whipping-boy for some of America's own failings. Imagine the furore that would have been unleashed had a similar film been made about a black or mixed-race woman doctor in a hospital in Alabama. Besides racial issues, the film also raises questions of international politics, referring to both the Communist seizure of power in China and the outbreak of the Korean War. Han Suyin was a real person and a well-known author of the period; in reality she tended to support Mao's Communist regime, but here she is shown as firmly anti-Communist. This is not, however, primarily an "issue" movie about either racialism or politics, but rather a romance, a good example of what would have been known at the time as a "woman's picture". Such films, although mostly made by male directors, were mostly aimed at female audiences. They dealt with love and romance- often unhappy romance- from the woman's point of view, and had a strong female character in the leading role. The genre often provided roles for actresses older than the heroines of standard romances. Earlier examples were normally in monochrome, but by the fifties they generally, as here, used lush, sumptuous colour. Although a Chinese or Eurasian actress would have been more convincing in the role, Jennifer Jones, does a very good job as Suyin. I found William Holden, as Mark, rather uncharismatic, but this does not matter much as Suyin is very much the dominant figure. She is screen much more than Mark, and the film examines her family and professional life much more than it does his. Although Jennifer was still strikingly beautiful, she was in her mid-thirties, rather older than most romantic heroines of films of this period. Holden was about the same age, unusually for the fifties when "boy-meets-girl" often meant "older man meets girl". The film is not particularly profound, but is well-made with some attractive photography, particularly of Hong Kong itself, reflecting the growing trend in the fifties for shooting on location rather than on studio sets. Seldom can Hong Kong have looked so beautiful; the view from a hill overlooking the city takes on a special meaning, as this is where Suyin and Mark go for their romantic assignments. The overall mood is one of poignant, doomed romance, a mood heightened by the atmospheric photography and the musical score, including one of the most memorable movie themes ever written. 7/10 Was the above review useful to you?	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,158	In the chemical Periodic Table how many chemical elements are included in the group reffered to as the Halogens?	Chemical Elements.com - Halogens Halogens Rare Earth Elements The halogens are five non-metallic elements found in group 17 of the periodic table. The term "halogen" means "salt-former" and compounds containing halogens are called "salts". All halogens have 7 electrons in their outer shells, giving them an oxidation number of -1. The halogens exist, at room temperature, in all three states of matter: Solid- Iodine, Astatine	List of Periodic Table Groups List of Periodic Table Groups These are the element groups found in the periodic table of the elements. There are links to lists of elements within each group. Cobalt is a hard, silvery-gray metal. Ben Mills 1. Metals Most elements are metals. In fact, so many elements are metals there are different groups of metals, such as alkali metals, alkaline earths, and transition metals. Most metals are shiny solids, with high melting points and densities. Many of the properties of metals, including large atomic radius , low ionization energy , and low electronegativity , are due to the fact that the electrons in the valence shell of a metal atoms can be removed easily. One characteristic of metals is their ability to be deformed without breaking. Malleability is the ability of a metal to be hammered into shapes. Ductility is the ability of a metal to be drawn into wire. Metals are good heat conductors and electrical conductors. More » continue reading below our video Trends in the Periodic Table These are crystals of sulfur, one of the nonmetallic elements. U.S. Geological Survey 2. Nonmetals The nonmetals are located on the upper right side of the periodic table. Nonmetals are separated from metals by a line that cuts diagonally through the region of the periodic table. Nonmetals have high ionization energies and electronegativities. They are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity. Solid nonmetals are generally brittle, with little or no metallic luster . Most nonmetals have the ability to gain electrons easily. Nonmetals display a wide range of chemical properties and reactivities. More » Xenon normally is a colorless gas, but it emits a blue glow when excited by an electrical discharge, as seen here. pslawinski, wikipedia.org 3. Noble Gases or Inert Gases The noble gases, also known as the inert gases , are located in Group VIII of the periodic table. The noble gases are relatively nonreactive. This is because they have a complete valence shell. They have little tendency to gain or lose electrons. The noble gases have high ionization energies and negligible electronegativities. The noble gases have low boiling points and are all gases at room temperature. More » This is a sample of pure chlorine gas. Chlorine gas is a pale greenish yellow color. Greenhorn1, public domain 4. Halogens The halogens are located in Group VIIA of the periodic table. Sometimes the halogens are considered to be a particular set of nonmetals. These reactive elements have seven valence electrons. As a group, halogens exhibit highly variable physical properties. Halogens range from solid to liquid to gaseous at room temperature . The chemical properties are more uniform. The halogens have very high electronegativities . Fluorine has the highest electronegativity of all elements. The halogens are particularly reactive with the alkali metals and alkaline earths, forming stable ionic crystals. More » Tellurium is a brittle silver-white metalloid. This image is of an ultra-pure tellurium crystal, 2-cm in length. Dschwen, wikipedia.org 5. Semimetals or Metalloids The metalloids or semimetals are located along the line between the metals and nonmetals in the periodic table . The electronegativities and ionization energies of the metalloids are between those of the metals and nonmetals, so the metalloids exhibit characteristics of both classes. The reactivity of the metalloids depends on the element with which they are reacting. For example, boron acts as a nonmetal when reacting with sodium yet as a metal when reacting with fluorine. The boiling points , melting points , and densities of the metalloids vary widely. The intermediate conductivity of metalloids means they tend to make good semiconductors. More » Sodium metal chunks under mineral oil. Justin Urgitis, wikipedia.org 6. Alkali Metals The alkali metals are the elements located in Group IA of the periodic table. The alkali metals exhibit many of the physical properties common to metals, although their densities are lower than those of other metals. Alkali	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,159	In Afrikaans, which city is called Kapstad?	South Africa Provinces Buy data Donate Updates: I updated the populations to the 2011 census results as given in source [2]. Source [3] explained why the areas of the provinces have changed; I used the new areas in the main table below. ISO 3166-2 Newsletter Number I-9 was published on 2007-11-28. It adds the names of the country, and of its divisions, in nine other South African languages. We have another complicated situation in Pretoria. The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality was created on 2000-12-05, by merging a number of smaller entities, including the Greater Pretoria Metropolitan Council. The new metropolitan municipality covers an area of about 3,200 km.ï¿½, including all of the city of Pretoria (and several others). The Pretoria City Council was downgraded to a local municipal council. Then on 2005-03-07 the municipal council voted to rename the capital to Tshwane. The South Africa Geographical Names Council approved this change of name on 2005-05-26. It will become official when approved by the Minister for Arts and Culture. (A partisan pro-Pretoria summary of the name change issues may be found in source [5], a legal brief.) The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality is divided into 76 municipal wards, plus a few slivers of land not in any ward. It is also divided into a large number of townships, overlapping with the wards, with a lot of territory not in any township. I believe one of the wards, Pretoria Central, is the nucleus of the old Pretoria city, and will retain that name. Tshwane, originally after a native chief's name, has been the name used for Pretoria by some native groups for years. Local authorities also gloss it as Zulu for "we are the same". The name Pretoria was chosen to commemorate Andries Pretorius, reminding many citizens of the despised colonial past. FIPS Publication Change Notice No. 9, affecting FIPS PUB 10-4, was issued on 2004-10-01. It shows the change of the name of Northern Province to Limpopo. ISO 3166-2 Newsletter Number I-6 was published on 2004-03-08. It shows the change of the name of Northern Province to Limpopo. ISO was notified of this change by the South African Department of Arts and Culture (the department in charge of geographic names) on 2003-11-05. ISO has changed the code for this province to ZA-LP. Northern Province had already begun using its new name, Limpopo, by January, 2002. However, the province's Web site stated that "The new name of the Province will become official after the amendment of section 103(1)(g) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. A request by the legislature has been submitted to Parliament for the necessary amendment to be submitted." The Minister of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology must accept the name change for it to become official. That happened on 2003-06-11. International standard ISO 3166-2 was published on 1998-12-15. It superseded ISO/DIS 3166-2 (draft international standard). The draft standard showed a division of South Africa into nine provinces, with a two-letter code for each. The final standard shows the same nine provinces, but four of their codes have been changed. The new set of codes is shown in the table below. The book "Administrative Subdivisions of Countries" listed preliminary figures from the 1996 census, with a warning about the large margins of error. Statistics South Africa has released final data, corrected for undercount (source [6]). Country overview: Pretoria, Cape Town, Bloemfontein In 1900, the Boer republics of Orange Free State and Transvaal were fighting Great Britain and the British colonies of Cape of Good Hope and Natal in the Boer War. The British won, and the peace treaty signed on 1902-05-31 made British colonies of all four lands. On 1910-05-31, they united to form the Union of South Africa (Afrikaans: Unie van Zuid-Afrika, but the Afrikaans spelling was changed from Zuid to Suid a few years later). The country voted on independence in 1960, and on 1961-05-31 it became independent under the name Republic of South Africa. Even before	Football in South Africa Football in South Africa Tweet on Twitter Football – or soccer, as many of us call it – is the most widely played sport in South Africa, with its traditional support base in the black community. For many South Africans, the country’s proudest sporting moment came when we won the African Nations Cup on home turf in 1996. Soccer is intensely followed, and the quality of the local game keeps improving – as demonstrated by the increasing number of South African players-in-exile among the glamorous European clubs. Local teams, organised in a national league plus a plethora of knock-out cups, are followed with passion by paint-daubed, costumed, whistling and cheering fans. Mercifully, the country has been spared the spectre of football hooliganism. There’s probably no quicker way to “break the ice” with the South African on the street than to demonstrate some knowledge of local soccer. To help you improve your conversational skills, here’s a crash course on the country’s most important teams and competitions. First Division BAFANA BAFANA One of the first gifts that democracy brought South Africa was its first truly representative national soccer team. In 1992, two years before the country’s first democratic election, the united South African team came into being, playing Cameroon in its first match in Durban on 9 July. It was a triumphant occasion for the side that came to be known as Bafana Bafana – “The Boys” – as they edged the West African powerhouse by a goal to nil. However, the win concealed the negative effect that apartheid-enforced isolation had had on local soccer. This lack of international experience showed as South Africa lost four matches in a row – to Cameroon, Zambia, Nigeria and Zambia – in failing to qualify for the 1994 African Nations Cup. When South Africa hosted the 1996 African Nations Cup, however, South Africa proved they belonged in the finals by defeating Tunisia 2-0 in the final. It was during the team’s run to the title that its nickname, “Bafana Bafana”, became known around the world. Read more: Bafana Bafana – a quick history BANYANA BANYANA South Africa’s senior women’s team, Banyana Banyana – “The Girls” – have traditionally been the strongest team in southern Africa and one of the best in Africa. For many years, Nigeria were their stumbling block, but that barrier was finally broken down in 2012 in the semi-finals of the Caf African Women’s Championship. Like Nigeria, though, Equatorial Guinea has twice beaten Banyana in the final of African Women’s Championship. The team finished runner-up to Nigeria in 1995 and 2000, and runner-up to Equatorial Guinea in 2008 and 2012. There were also second place finishes at the All Africa Games in 2003 and 2007. One of their biggest achievements was qualifying for the Olympic Games in 2012 in London. In a very tough pool, up against three teams ranked in the top 10 in the world, Banyana went down 1-4 to Sweden, lost 0-3 to Canada, but then held World Cup champions Japan to a goalless draw. GLAMOUR CLUBS Kaizer Chiefs South Africa’s favourite soccer club never seems to play an away match. “The Amakhozi” often draw more supporters at away games than their opposition. Founded in 1970 by Kaizer Motaung – who made his name in the United States when the American league was drawing such superstars as Pele, Johan Cruyff and Franz Beckenbauer – Kaizer Chiefs are one of South Africa’s most successful teams. Thrice the winners of South Africa’s Premier Soccer League since its launch in 1997, the Soweto, Johannesburg-based team secured their first African title in 2002 when they won the Cup Winners Cup – renamed after Nelson Mandela – by defeating Inter Luanda of Angola in the final. Orlando Pirates Formed in 1937, Orlando Pirates has a support base extending across the country’s borders. Four-time winners of SA’s Premier Soccer League since its launch in 1997, “The Buccaneers” are the only South African team so far to have won Africa’s premier club competition, the Champions League, a feat they achieved in 1995. Like Kaizer Chiefs, Orlando P	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,160	"Who directed Robert De Niro in the film ""Taxi Driver""?"	Taxi Driver (1976) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A mentally unstable Vietnam War veteran works as a night-time taxi driver in New York City where the perceived decadence and sleaze feeds his urge for violent action, attempting to save a preadolescent prostitute in the process. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 31 titles created 30 Nov 2011 a list of 28 titles created 16 May 2012 a list of 28 titles created 23 Sep 2014 a list of 23 titles created 10 Jan 2016 a list of 23 titles created 8 months ago Search for " Taxi Driver " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 4 Oscars. Another 21 wins & 15 nominations. See more awards » Videos After a simple jewelry heist goes terribly wrong, the surviving criminals begin to suspect that one of them is a police informant. Director: Quentin Tarantino 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.3/10 X In future Britain, Alex DeLarge, a charismatic and psycopath delinquent, who likes to practice crimes and ultra-violence with his gang, is jailed and volunteers for an experimental aversion therapy developed by the government in an effort to solve society's crime problem - but not all goes according to plan. Director: Stanley Kubrick Henry Hill and his friends work their way up through the mob hierarchy. Director: Martin Scorsese In Miami in 1980, a determined Cuban immigrant takes over a drug cartel and succumbs to greed. Director: Brian De Palma A family heads to an isolated hotel for the winter where an evil and spiritual presence influences the father into violence, while his psychic son sees horrific forebodings from the past and of the future. Director: Stanley Kubrick A criminal pleads insanity after getting into trouble again and once in the mental institution rebels against the oppressive nurse and rallies up the scared patients. Director: Milos Forman A pragmatic U.S. Marine observes the dehumanizing effects the Vietnam War has on his fellow recruits from their brutal boot camp training to the bloody street fighting in Hue. Director: Stanley Kubrick During the Vietnam War, Captain Willard is sent on a dangerous mission into Cambodia to assassinate a renegade colonel who has set himself up as a god among a local tribe. Director: Francis Ford Coppola Greed, deception, money, power, and murder occur between two best friends, a mafia underboss and a casino owner, for a trophy wife over a gambling empire. Director: Martin Scorsese The lives of two mob hit men, a boxer, a gangster's wife, and a pair of diner bandits intertwine in four tales of violence and redemption. Director: Quentin Tarantino An emotionally self-destructive boxer's journey through life, as the violence and temper that leads him to the top in the ring destroys his life outside it. Director: Martin Scorsese Unscrupulous boxing promoters, violent bookmakers, a Russian gangster, incompetent amateur robbers, and supposedly Jewish jewelers fight to track down a priceless stolen diamond. Director: Guy Ritchie Edit Storyline Travis Bickle is an ex-Marine and Vietnam War veteran living in New York City. As he suffers from insomnia, he spends his time working as a taxi driver at night, watching porn movies at seedy cinemas during the day, or thinking about how the world, New York in particular, has deteriorated into a cesspool. He's a loner who has strong opinions about what is right and wrong with mankind. For him, the one bright spot in New York humanity is Betsy, a worker on the presidential nomination campaign of Senator Charles Palantine. He becomes obsessed with her. After an incident with her, he believes he has to do whatever he needs to make the world a better place in his opinion. One of his priorities is to be the savior for Iris, a twelve-year-old r	1991 Academy Awards® Winners and History The Prince of Tides (1991) Actor: ANTHONY HOPKINS in "The Silence of the Lambs" , Warren Beatty in "Bugsy", Robert De Niro in "Cape Fear", Nick Nolte in "The Prince of Tides", Robin Williams in "The Fisher King" Actress: JODIE FOSTER in "The Silence of the Lambs" , Geena Davis in "Thelma & Louise", Laura Dern in "Rambling Rose", Bette Midler in "For the Boys", Susan Sarandon in "Thelma & Louise" Supporting Actor: JACK PALANCE in "City Slickers", Tommy Lee Jones in "JFK", Harvey Keitel in "Bugsy", Ben Kingsley in "Bugsy", Michael Lerner in "Barton Fink" Supporting Actress: MERCEDES RUEHL in "The Fisher King", Diane Ladd in "Rambling Rose", Juliette Lewis in "Cape Fear", Kate Nelligan in "The Prince of Tides", Jessica Tandy in "Fried Green Tomatoes" Director: JONATHAN DEMME for "The Silence of the Lambs" , Barry Levinson for "Bugsy", Ridley Scott for "Thelma & Louise", John Singleton for "Boyz N the Hood", Oliver Stone for "JFK" The five films nominated for Best Picture for 1991 were a very distinctive mix of different types of films: a musical animation, a horror/thriller, a gangster bio, a political conspiracy thriller, and a romantic melodrama. The big winner was director Jonathan Demme's The Silence of the Lambs (with seven nominations and five wins). Its surprise win came for many reasons: it was a 'horror' film - the first of its genre to be named Best Picture it was the first Best Picture nominee to have been commercially-available on videotape before its win it was released in late January of 1991, many months before most Best Picture nominees were released (to keep them fresh in Academy voters' minds) and most importantly, it was the third film to win the top five awards (Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Director, and Best Writer/Screenplay - Ted Tally) since two other films had accomplished the same feat: One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest (1975) and It Happened One Night (1934) - it was the last Best Picture winner, to date, to win both Best Actor and Best Actress The top-notch film, a shocking psychological horror picture about a cannibalistic killer and his strange relationship with a newbie FBI agent, was based on Thomas Harris's 1988 best-selling novel of the same name. It was a sequel to an earlier film Manhunter (1986) (aka Red Dragon: The Pursuit of Hannibal Lecter), also based on a Thomas Harris novel titled Red Dragon published in 1981. The two nominations without wins were for Best Sound and Best Film Editing. Jonathan Demme (with his first directorial nomination) won the Best Director award for The Silence of the Lambs , a film with uncharacteristic subject matter that was not usually the recipient of so many Oscar awards. The other four Best Picture nominees that spread the nominations fairly evenly were: Walt Disney's feature-length animated musical cartoon Beauty and the Beast (with six nominations and two wins - Best Song "Beauty and the Beast" and Best Original Score) - it was the first hand-drawn animated feature to be nominated for Best Picture. [It would be another ten years before a special Oscar category for an	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,161	The flag of Tunisia consists of which two colours?	World Flags: Interesting Information for Kids on the Flags of the World World Flags Interesting Facts for Kids about the Flags of the World Why are there so many different world flags? What are the most common symbols on flags? What does the colours on the flags mean? So many questions... we will show you the answers here. Well, first let's see why people started using flags. Antique Shield and Spear In earlier centuries certain groups of people had decorated spears and decorated staff which showed their cultural symbols. Later people also used ribbons, leather or silk decorations on the spears to distinguish their group from another group. The early explorers always put crosses or sculptures up when they landed on unknown land, but later they used flags to proclaim their presence or show the sovereignty. Why do countries have flags? Flags in front of the United Nations building Flags a show that we belong to a community, organisation or nation and that we share beliefs, goals, rules and regulations. Flags are national symbols. Every country has got a specific flag as their national symbol. The first flags were flown in the 18th century to tell others that we own a piece of land ('proclaim a possession') and that we rule over the people and land ('proclaim sovereignty'). Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon When Neil Armstrong was the first man to land on the moon and made the first steps on the moon in 1969, he erected an American flag on the moon. Above you can see a picture of this historic event. Tenzing Norgay on Mount Everest 1953 Sir Edmund Hillary and the sherpa Tenzing Norgay, the first men to climb and reach the top of the world's highest mountain, Mount Everest, put up the British 'Union Jack' when they reached the summit of Mount Everest in May 1953. Hillary was in fact from New Zealand and Norgay from Nepal, but as they went on an expedition financed and organised by Britain, they put up the Union flag of the United Kingdom. Important Flags to know EU Flags at the European Union Commission building What's in a Flag? Universal Symbols in World Flags Now which symbols are most used in flags? All cultures use certain symbols which are meaningful to them, some of the symbols are even universal, that is they have the same meaning all over the world. • Sun: The circle of the sun symbolizes unity and energy. Japan is referred to be the "land of the rising sun" and uses the sun (simplified as a circle) in its national flag. Another country using this powerful symbol: Argentina . • Moon: The moon is usually displayed in crescent shape to distinguish it from the symbol of the sun. In combination with a star, the moon represents divinity and especially the Islam. Tunisia has got three powerful symbols in its national flag: the red crescent moon and one red star rest in a white circle representing the sun, which you will see in the picture to the right. Other countries using this symbol: Turkey, Singapore. • Stars: Constellations of stars often represent energy, especially when depicting the night sky or star constellation The flag of the USA is called "Stars and Stripes"Other countries using the stars as symbol: Australia, New Zealand, Brazil. • Cross: In ancient times the cross only symbolized the different points of the compass, in the 4th century however the cross was also taken as the symbol of faith. Countries using this symbol: England (see the flag to the right), Sweden, Norway , Switzerland • Triangle: The three points of a triangle represent the Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) in Christianity. The triangle often also symbolizes strenght and power. Countries using this symbol: Bahamas, Eritrea, Sudan, American Samoa and others • Square: The four even lengths of the square symbolize balance and equal opposites. The Swiss flag is the only square flag in the world. Did you know that the flag of the international humanitarian organization "Red Cross" uses the reverse flag? It has got a red cross on white background. World Flags: Symbols, Shapes and Colours World Flags show different sets of color and s	Flags of Every Country Follow us... Flags of Every Country Tweet This map shows Flags of every country in the world. Flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags. Note: Flag description from CIA Factbook and Flag image from Wikipedia. Last updated: Abkhazia Afghanistan three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), red, and green, with the national emblem in white centered on the red band and slightly overlapping the other two bands; the center of the emblem features a mosque with pulpit and flags on either side, below the mosque are numerals for the solar year 1298 (1919 in the Gregorian calendar, the year of Afghan independence from the UK); this central image is circled by a border consisting of sheaves of wheat on the left and right, in the upper-center is an Arabic inscription of the Shahada (Muslim creed) below which are rays of the rising sun over the Takbir (Arabic expression meaning "God is great"), and at bottom center is a scroll bearing the name Afghanistan; black signifies the past, red is for the blood shed for independence, and green can represent either hope for the future, agricultural prosperity, or Islam note: Afghanistan had more changes to its national flag in the 20th century than any other country; the colors black, red, and green appeared on most of them Akrotiri the flag of the UK is used Albania red with a black two-headed eagle in the center; the design is claimed to be that of 15th-century hero George Castriota SKANDERBERG, who led a successful uprising against the Turks that resulted in a short-lived independence for some Albanian regions (1443-1478); an unsubstantiated explanation for the eagle symbol is the tradition that Albanians see themselves as descendants of the eagle; they refer to themselves as "Shkypetars," which translates as "sons of the eagle" Algeria two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary; the colors represent Islam (green), purity and peace (white), and liberty (red); the crescent and star are also Islamic symbols, but the crescent is more closed than those of other Muslim countries because the Algerians believe the long crescent horns bring happiness American Samoa blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the fly side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a war club known as a "Fa'alaufa'i" (upper; left talon), and a coconut fiber fly whisk known as a "Fue" (lower; right talon); the combination of symbols broadly mimics that seen on the US Great Seal and reflects the relationship between the United States and American Samoa Andorra three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the latter band is slightly wider than the other two so that the ratio of band widths is 8:9:8; the coat of arms features a quartered shield with the emblems of (starting in the upper left and proceeding clockwise): Urgell, Foix, Bearn, and Catalonia; the motto reads VIRTUS UNITA FORTIOR (Strength United is Stronger); the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to show Franco-Spanish protection note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem Angola two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle); red represents liberty, black the African continent, the symbols characterize workers and peasants Anguilla blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,162	Voiced by Harry Shearer, what Simpsons character was modeled after Ted Koppel?	Kent Brockman - Wikisimpsons, the Simpsons Wiki Kent Brockman Wikisimpsons - The Simpsons Wiki "Now, at the risk of being unpopular, this reporter places the blame for all of this squarely on YOU, the viewers." Brock Kentman, [5] once known as Kenny Brockelstein in his early career, and now as Kent Brockman, is a local TV news 'personality' for Channel 6 . He hosts the Channel 6 News , Eye on Springfield and Smartline . Contents Biography[ edit ] As a child, Kenny Brockelstein was at Disneyland and decided to interview Mickey Mouse . The guy in the costume took off the head and told him that he was on his break, which meant the mouse was dead. This turned Kent's hair white, [6] however in another flashback in, Kent is shown with black hair. [7] Brockman represents the worst of his profession: frequently judgmental; careerist to the point of absurdity; and more than willing to film and sensationalize a schmaltzy, emotion driven puff piece for the sake of a few extra ratings points. (As with most Simpsons characters, Brockman's ethics and competence vary according to the needs of the episode.) He has been seen throwing tantrums because he cannot find certain snack foods, and once blithely announced on-the-air that the boom operator on his news program was being fired the next morning (for which he took a clout on the head from the angry soon-to-be-ex-employee). [8] He seems to command excessive levels of power within Channel 6 , even having a segment of the news programme to air his own (usually highly reactionary) opinions on current issues called My Two Cents. Despite all of this, he has won a string of media awards, but is most proud of his unspecified trophy from Del Monte. He was also a war correspondent during the Vietnam War , the Soviet war in Afghanistan , and the Gulf War (although, as he just says " Iraq ", he could have been referring to the Iran-Iraq War ). He also frequently uses botox, having a saggy face without it. Kent's first big story was the Great Springfield Tire Yard Fire. [5] Brockman once won the multi-million-dollar ($130 million) state lottery jackpot and left the news desk while still on the air, but he remained a news anchor because he was under contract, though he also admitted that he likes making $500,000 a year. [9] He also has an ongoing feud with traffic reporter Arnie Pie , and has been shown to criticize Pie's reporting; indeed, he once chuckled sadistically upon hearing the news that Pie had been killed in an accident. He mentioned to Pie that he made some smart investments when Arnie complained about the size of Brockman's house. He is known for using news-speak in everyday language; for example, "This just in: Go to hell !" It was revealed that his 'wit' is provided by a microphone, ear piece and a communications team in a nearby van. [10] He has been seen, more than once, stretching his face and removing wrinkles by clipping a clothes-pin to the back of his head. In addition to his news career, Brockman writes a column for PC Magazine called "Making the Most of Your Modem". Brockman is revealed to have a 'thing' for bondage . [11] It is implied that he may be a heavy smoker, as he was seen smoking a cigarette and saying "Oh God, I love to smoke" afterwards [presumably on camera, given his reaction afterwards] before announcing his live broadcast of the opening day of the new Cosmic Wars movie: The Gathering Shadow. [12] One time, he hired an accountant to take care of his taxes, but the accountant in question did not do the taxes until the last possible moment, a fact that Brockman did not realize until he was doing a live news broadcast on Tax Day. Religion[ edit ] Brockman was known as Kenny Brockelstein early in his career, [13] and he can be seen wearing the Hebrew Chai symbol as a gold medallion around his neck, [9] suggesting Jewish ancestry. Interestingly, however, he also refers to the Book of Revelation , [14] during an editorial in which he states women rebelling might lead to "anarchy of Biblical proportions" (he is promptly cut off by the station and replaced with a "Tec	Oodles Of Fun: April 2010 Oodles Of Fun Are You Using Your nOodle? Pages Question of the Day - On this day in 1931, what 102-story, 1,046-foot building was dedicated in New York City? Empire State Building Bon Jovi sang "You Give Love a ____ Name". Bad Bing Crosby's real name was: Harry Which is the only Marx Brothers film to feature on the AFI's top 100? Duck Soup The Broadway show Movin' Out featured the songs of: Billy Joel The tagline "Die Harder" comes from which 1990 movie? Die Hard 2 Which film has the line, "I can't have a baby, because I have a 12:30 lunch meeting"? Baby Boom In An Affair to Remember, where did the lovers decide to meet six months later? New York Where do the scientists first find a mysterious monolith, in 2001: A Space Odyssey? The Moon Which actress stars in the film Mean Girls? Lindsay Lohan This horror classic is called: Invasion of the Body ________. Snatchers Whose real name is Eric Bishop? Jamie Foxx Who said: "Whether we bring our enemies to justice or bring justice to our enemies, justice will be done"? George W. Bush Bruce Springsteen says "Everybody's got ________". A hungry heart Who had the 1976 hit: "Play That Funky Music"? Wild Cherry Al Pacino and Matthew McConaughey starred in: Two for the Money In the "Rock DJ" video, what former Take That singer literally sheds layers of clothes and layers of flesh? Robbie Williams Which film is a love story between the King of Siam and a British schoolteacher? Anna and the King What former star of Broadway's Annie married Matthew Broderick, who starred in The Producers? Sarah Jessica Parker What was the last Beatles' album to be recorded before the band's split? Abbey Road Which actress' father is well-known actor Jon Voight? Angelina Jolie What was the name of Herman's wife on The Munsters? Lily On the TV series Heroes, the character Hiro Nakamura is able to: Stop time The music to the U.S. Navy song "Anchors Aweigh" was written by: Charles Zimmerman Talk show host Rosie O'Donnell changed hats to play which narrating character in "Seussical the Musical"? The Cat in the Hat All members of The Monkees have what same color of eyes? Brown The tagline, "Resistance is Futile", comes from which 1996 movie? Star Trek: First Contact One of the longest movie song titles, as sung by Julie Andrews in Mary Poppins, was: "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" Who played Truman Capote in Capote? Philip Seymour Hoffman Which Scottish actor voiced a dragon called Draco in the movie Dragon Heart? Sean Connery Question of the Day - Willie Nelson turns 77 today. What is NOT one of his songs? Hit the Road, Jack Which character sings "Over the Rainbow" in The Wizard of Oz? Dorothy Finish this line from The Godfather: "Leave the gun. Take _________". The cannoli Name the ship commanded by Russell Crowe in Master and Commander. HMS Surprise In which of the Rocky movies was the statue of Rocky unveiled? Rocky III Where was the character Elijah Prince, aka "Mr. Glass", from Unbreakable born? A department store Who sang "When You Wish upon a Star" in the 1940 Walt Disney film Pinocchio? Jiminy Cricket What was the name of the woman Dustin Hoffman played in Tootsie? Dorothy Michaels What comedian actress shared Steve Martin's body in All of Me? Lily Tomlin Who played Starsky in the film Starsky and Hutch? Ben Stiller In 1995, what Irish New Age musician released the album The Memory of Trees? Enya Which best describes Kiefer Sutherland? Agent Jack Bauer on 24 Which Beatle sang "My Sweet Lord"? George Harrison In which movie does Kevin Bacon discover the secret of invisibility? Hollow Man Antonin Dvorak's most famous symphony is known as Z Noveho Sveta in his native language. What do we call it? From the New World Which actor played the monster in the original film of Frankenstein? Boris Karloff The movies Courage Under Fire and A Soldier's Story featured which actor? Denzel Washington Angela Lansbury was in which movie? Bedknobs and Broomsticks What film is showing at the Bedford Falls theater at the end of It's A Wonderful Life? The Bells of St. Mary's What sport is pla	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,163	'The Worm that Turned', where women ruled the world, was a serial from which TV sketch show ?	The Two Ronnies - The Worm That Turned (1 of 8) - YouTube The Two Ronnies - The Worm That Turned (1 of 8) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Sep 11, 2011 The Date line is 2012, England is in the grip of a new regime of Terror. Traditionally a land of brave heros and great statesmen. Britan now laboured under the yoke of a power guarenteed to strike fear into the hearts of all men... The country is being run by women... ---------- This little mini series was part of Series 8 of The Two Ronnies which was aired on the BBC in 1980. Also featured in this mini series is Diana Dors. No copyright infringment is intended by the uploading of this. Video is © BBC.	Star Trek \| Muppet Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Sesamstrasse t-shirt. The Enterprise in Farscape. The Star Trek franchise consists of five live-action (and one animated) TV series and thirteen motion pictures, which boldly go where no one has gone before. The franchise began as a TV series on NBC which ran from 1966 until 1969, and was "re-booted" with a successful new feature film series in 2009. The Muppets have spoofed Star Trek on many occasions over the years. Contents References Sesame Street Sesame Street Episode 3698 is part of a story arc in which Slimey the Worm ventures to the Moon . The episode closes with a mission statement inspired by the narration that begins each episode of Star Trek: The Original Series and Star Trek: The Next Generation. The space shuttle that takes the worms into space, the wormship Wiggleprise , is also a spoof on Star Trek’s Enterprise. Spaceship Surprise on Sesame Street parodied aspects of the original Star Trek, and the later incarnation Spaceship Surprise: The Next Generation specifically spoofed the cast of Star Trek: The Next Generation. A Super Morphin Mega Monsters sketch on Sesame Street features the classic "door opening" sound effect used on the original 1960s Star Trek series when Zostic 's minions enter his lair to do his bidding. Wanda Cousteau 's mission on Sesame Street is a reference to the opening narration from Star Trek. When she announces her mission "to explore strange new worlds, to seek out new life and new civilizations -- to boldly go where no fish has gone before!" Patrick Stewart , famous for playing Captain Jean-Luc Picard in Star Trek: The Next Generation, appeared in a segment with The Count . When The Count has trouble getting a set of Muppet numbers to stay in line, Stewart helps him out by commanding, "Make it so, Number One!" This is a reference to an oft-spoken phrase by his Trek character to his first officer. ( YouTube ) Some German Sesamstrasse merchandise (mainly postcards and posters) has featured Ernie and Bert dressed as Starfleet officers. Bob greets Elmo and Zoe (who are pretending to be aliens) in Episode 4039 with the Vulcan hand sign while erroneously telling them, " May the force be with you ." The narrator in the i-Sam segment of A Sesame Street Christmas Carol states: "now your holiday will boldly go where no holiday has gone before," a reference to the Star Trek title sequence. Santa Claus is shown seated in a captain's chair similar to that of the starship Enterprise, with a reindeer as a crew member. Santa says "That's Earth. Warp factor three," to which the reindeer responds "Aye, captain." Episode 3845 features The Amazing Mumford paraphrasing an oft-quoted line from Star Trek's Dr. McCoy, "I'm a magician, not a contractor!" When fielding a question from the audience at the NASA Tweetup in 2011, Elmo asked astronaut Mike Massimino to define the word exploration: "It means finding new things, and going someplace no one else has gone before." Elmo responded, "to boldly go where no one has gone before," quoting the famous Star Trek narration. [1] In the CD-ROM game, Ernie's Adventures in Space , Bert is seen writing a captain's log (a log-shaped book) and quotes the famous Star Trek lines ("Captain's Log, Stardate...") When Elmo can't count to 10 with his favorite hero Green LanTen at NumericCon in Episode 4504 , Cap-ten Kirk beams in to assist. He speaks in the oft-spoofed cadence made famous by William Shatner's acting style and wears a starfleet uniform from the classic Star Trek series with a 10 on the logo. Asking Elmo if he wants to "boldly go where no monster has gone before," he leads Elmo in a count to 10, the CapTen Kirk way, with dramatic pauses and gestures. Referencing an iconic scene in Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan, he leaves shouting, "I love it here at NumericCOOOOOOONNN!" In 2015, when Rubber Duckie was returned to Ernie from space via the Orion Flight Test , he exclaims, "he's been where no duckie has been before!" In The Furchester Hotel episode " Power Cut ," Funella asks her Scottish husband Furgus to add	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,164	What is the first name of Mildred’s sister in the UK television sitcom ‘George and Mildred’?	George & Mildred (TV Series 1976–1979) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error George and Mildred Roper are forced to leave their home in South Kensington (as the landlords in Man About the House (1973)) when they receive a compulsory purchase order from the council. ... See full summary » Stars: George is not happy. Not only has Oscar the budgie died but Mildred has donated all his gardening magazines to the vicar for the local church jumble sale,on the basis that George never does any ... 7.9 Jeffrey is directing the neighbourhood's Christmas pantomime - 'Cinderella' - and Mildred is only too happy to be playing one of the Ugly Sisters. Unfortunately on the opening night she loses her ... 7.9 Mildred is not happy about George mending his motor-bike in the house but when Ann goes into labour with Jeffrey away in Birmingham and no chance of a mini-cab it comes in handy for rushing her to ... 7.9 a list of 40 titles created 23 Jun 2011 a list of 29 titles created 10 Dec 2011 a list of 42 titles created 19 Feb 2012 a list of 46 titles created 20 Apr 2014 a list of 40 titles created 8 months ago Search for " George & Mildred " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Title: George & Mildred (1976–1979) 7.1/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Finally the house that Robin, Chris and Jo share a flat in is demolished an two spin offs are made - Robin's Nest and George & Minded (Mr & Mrs Roper). Stars: Richard O'Sullivan, Paula Wilcox, Sally Thomsett Now a qualified chef, Robin from "Man About the House" (1973) sets up home with his girlfriend, and a business with his girlfriend's father. Stars: Richard O'Sullivan, Tessa Wyatt, Tony Britton Mildred decides that she and George will celebrate their anniversary at a posh London hotel - whatever the cost. However, a shady businessman mistakes George for a hit man. Director: Peter Frazer-Jones Bless This House centres on life in Birch Avenue, Putney, where travelling stationery salesman Sid Abbott (Sidney James) and his wife Jean (Diana Coupland) live with their teenagers: Mike (... See full summary » Stars: Sidney James, Diana Coupland, Sally Geeson Terry and Bob from The Likely Lads (1964) continue their life after Terry arrives home from serving in the Army to discover that Bob is about to marry his girlfriend Thelma. Can Thelma lead... See full summary » Stars: James Bolam, Rodney Bewes, Brigit Forsyth A working-class Cockney bigot with a biased and expirienced opinion of everything shares them bluntly and almost carelessly. Stars: Warren Mitchell, Anthony Booth, Una Stubbs Albert Steptoe and his son Harold are junk dealers, complete with horse and cart to tour the neighbourhood. They also live amicably together at the junk yard. But Harold, who likes the ... See full summary » Director: Cliff Owen Jack-the-lad bus driver and conductor Stan and Jack enjoy the female employees more than their work and Inspector Blake is relentless in his attempts to make their lives a misery. Stars: Anna Karen, Bob Grant, Stephen Lewis BBC Television comedy detailing the fortunes of Reginald Iolanthe Perrin. Disillusioned after a long career at Sunshine Desserts, Perrin goes through a mid-life crisis and fakes his own ... See full summary » Stars: Leonard Rossiter, Pauline Yates, John Barron Stan and Jack seek work at a bus driving holiday camp after being fired from the bus company for crashing two buses, only to find Inspector Blake works there also. Director: Bryan Izzard Ria, a happily married suburban housewife, reaches the age where she feels as if life is passing her by. Being taken for granted by her butterfly collecting dentist husband doesn't help. So... See full summary » Stars: Wendy Craig, Geoffrey Palmer, Bruce Montague Stan gets a little annoyed when his Mum and Sister keep buying expens	MILESAGO - Features - Jean Shrimpton in Melbourne MILESAGO - Features JEAN SHRIMPTON IN MELBOURNE On October 30 1965 British model Jean Shrimpton unwittingly triggered off an international controversy when she attended Derby Day at Melbourne's Flemington race course. Her appearance was a flashpoint of the Generation Gap in Australia, and it highlighted the rapid changes taking place in '60s fashion and exposed the deeply conservative nature of Australian society at the time, especially in matters pertaining to the image of women. Shrimpton, then aged just 22, was known as "The Shrimp" (a nickname she greatly disliked). In 1965 she was the world's highest paid model, arguably the world's first "supermodel" and certainly the first to become internationally known by name. She was one of the 'faces' of Swinging London, one-third of the world famous trio of Sixties supermodels with Twiggy and Veruschka (though she was famous before the other two) and her famous fashion photos are quintessential images of the era. Elle dubbed her "The Most Beautiful Girl in the World," and Glamour named her Model of the Year in 1963. She gained international attention as the original "face" of Yardley cosmetics, with whom she had a three-year contract in the mid-'60s and for whom she did several major publicity tours. She appeared on countless fashion magazine covers, made the cover of Newsweek on May 10, 1965, was written up in Esquire, Ladies Home Journal, McCalls, and Good Housekeeping. Throughout the Sixties her career and life was constantly reported in the media, particularly her engagement to famous fashion photographer David Bailey the top London photographer who did much to launch her career, and who was inspiration for David Hemmings' character in Antonioni's 1967 film BLOW UP; so too her subsequent relationship with Bailey's friend, actor Terence Stamp. Her sister Chrissie Shrimpton was also a leading model, and for a time she was almost as famous as her sister, thanks to her well publicised relationship with singer Mick Jagger, prior to Jagger's meeting with longtime girlfriend Marianne Faithfull. Jean's two-week promotional visit to Australia, on which she was accompanied by Stamp, was sponsored by the Victorian Racing Club and a local synthetic fibre company who brought her out to promote a range of new dresses made of Orlon. A mark of her stature was her fee -- £2000. This an enormous sum for the time, equivalent to at least a year's wages for the average Australian man at the time. Just how well-paid she was can be gauged by a comparison with The Beatles, who had been paid £1500 for their tour of Australia in June 1964. Jean was scheduled to appear at Derby Day, where she was to present prizes for the annual "Fashion On The Field" contest, and at the Melbourne Cup. These were the two major fixtures of Melbourne's famous Spring Racing Carnival, and her visit was regarded as bringing international glamour and prestige to the event, so she was quite unprepared for the stir she was about to cause. For the visit, she had been sent some Orlon mini dresses and while they were rather shorter than normal she didn't worry, because hemlines in the U.K. were already starting to come up. But while London was the acknowldeged fshion capital of the Sixties, the new style had yet to be accepted elsewhere and certainly Australia had never seen anything quite as short as the Derby Day mini. In her memoirs, Jean recalled: "The day of the races was a hot one, so I didn't bother to wear any stockings. My legs were still brown from the summer, and as the dress was short it was hardly formal. I had no hat or gloves with me, for the very good reason that I owned neither. I went downstairs cheerfully from my hotel room, all	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,165	Created by cartoonist Robert Lips, cartoon character ‘Globi’ originated in which European country?	All National Stereotypes – National Stereotypes What a stereotypical place, especially the Western half! Western Europe With Northern Europe, seen as the home of advanced technology, sophisticated culture, and loose (or modern, depending on your perspective) morals. Within the region, there’s a definite split between the northern part (Germany, Britain, the Netherlands, and northern France) and the southern part (Italy, Spain, Portugal, and southern France) about which part is emphasized, with the north being seen as more businesslike and the south as more laid-back. Germany straddles the line with Central Europe, with the old East Germany being in many ways similar to its eastern neighbors. The same is true of Austria. United Europe: The European Union is a specific European phenomenon. Even since its creation in 1957 more countries have joined it and thus provided stable peace in most of Europe ever since the end of World War Two. It also provides economic collaboration and a unity needed to compete with The United States, Japan and China. However, the E.U. is also seen as a bureaucratic monster unable to give its member states one “European” identity, because every country desperately clings on to their own centuries old nationalistic traditions and identity. There are also fears that all the youngest member states (mostly former Eastern Bloc countries) will financially hurt the richer member states. In the U.S., there are essentially two sets of stereotypes about Europe: The older stereotypes are all about quaint old monarchies, castles, and sparkly princesses. See: Medieval European Fantasy. The newer stereotypes suggest that every European government is run by a bunch of leftists and socialists who hate war too much and are probably kinky atheists too. This adds up to the American right-wing viewing Europeans as degenerate, godless commies. The American left sometimes buys into these stereotypes too, but views them more positively and have developed their own stereotype of Europe as a political wonderland free from people resembling Republican Party politicians. Europeans Are Kinky: Especially continental Europe has a reputation for being far more liberated and open-minded about sex and nudity, compared to the United States of America and Asia. Many erotic exotic foreigner stereotypes are from European descent such as Scandinavia (Sexy Scandinavian), the Netherlands (Free State Amsterdam, thanks to legalized prostitution), France (Everyone Looks Sexier If French, Everything Sounds Sexier in French), Germany (Brawn Hilda), Spain, Italy (Latin Lover, Spicy Latina), Eastern Europe, the Baltic Countries and Russia (Sensual Slavs). There’s some Truth in Television to this: a lot of works depicting sex and nudity causing excitement or controversy in other continents hardly bat an eye in Europe. But, of course, this doesn’t mean all Europeans are like that. The United Kingdom and Ireland, two islands separate from Continental Europe, are far more prudent and, speaking of Ireland, many predominantly Catholic countries in Europe like Spain, Poland or Italy tend to be less easygoing on the topic than others. Also, even in other European countries you’re liable to find people who are more reserved about the matter. Andorra Best known as mini state and tax haven. And they have good sky resorts. Austria Yodel Land: Since Austria and Switzerland have a similar landscape the countries are both associated with mountaineering, alpine horns, yodeling,… And, of course, often confused with each other. Austrians are often confused with Germans and Swiss people. Just like the Germans, people from the Austrian county Tyrol will be portrayed wearing Tyrolean hats and lederhosen and their women having dirndls. All Tyroleans will be drinking beer, eating sausages and playing tuba. Tyroleans will also be seen performing the “Schuhplattler” (knee slapping) dance. In the 1970s, a whole bunch of cheap sex comedies were made in Tyrol. The genre was even nicknamed “Tyrolian comedy”, despite the fact that they were actually filmed in Bavaria, thus	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: February 2011 Macclesfield Pub Quiz League 22nd Feb–Cup/Plate Semi Finals Questions set by Plough Horntails and the Dolphin 1. How many hoops are used in the standard game of Croquet? A, 6. 2. Which African kingdom was known as Basutoland before it gained independence in 1966? A. Lesotho. 3. The work "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" is the textbook of which religious movement founded in 1879? A. Christian Science. 4. What is the fruit of the Blackthorn called? A. The Sloe. 5. How many countries sit on the full United Nations Security Council? A. 15. 6. According to the book of Genesis, which land lay to the "east of Eden"? A. The Land of Nod. 7. What is the name of the southernmost point of Africa? A. Cape Agulhas (note: The Cape of Good Hope is just south of Cape Town and is NOT correct). 8. Responding to a pressing issue in year 1095, what appeal did Pope Urban II make to Kings, Nobles and Knights in a sermon at the Council of Clermont? A. Please help to regain the Holy Lands… the First Crusade. (Accept any answer relating to freeing Jerusalem from Moslems/ Mohammadens / Turks/ Saracens) 9. Who holds the post of High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of the European Union? A. Baroness Ashton (Accept Catherine Ashton). 10. Which city was awarded the 1944 Summer Olympic Games? A. London. 11. In which country did the Maoist organization the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) operate? A. Peru. 12. Which major city’s name translates into English as Fragrant Harbour? A. Hong Kong. 13. In which country was the Granny Smith apple first grown? A. Australia (in 1868) 15. Who was the architect of Coventry Cathedral? A. Basil Spence. 16. Who opened an historic address to his people with the following, “In this grave hour, perhaps the most fateful in our history, I send to every household of my peoples, both at home and overseas, this message, spoken with the same depth of feeling for each one of you as if I were able to cross your threshold and speak to you myself.” A. King George VI (as taken from the King’s Speech) 17. Which car company makes the Alhambra model? A. Seat. 18. Which car company makes a model called the Sirion? A. Diahatsu 19. What is the Nationality of Stefaan Engels who set a World record on Saturday 5th February in Barcelona by completing a marathon every day for a year, a total of 9,569 miles? A. Belgian. 20. Who wrote Memoirs of a Fox-hunting Man and Memoirs of an Infantry Officer, as well as collections of poetry? A. Siegfried Sassoon. 21. Approximately what percentage of the planet’s surface is covered by Tropical rainforests? A. 2% (but they are home to more than 50% species on Earth). Accept any figure less than 5%. 22. What is the name of the point on the Celestial sphere directly below an observer or a given position? A. Nadir. (Note this is the opposite of zenith). 23. What is the term, of French origin, loosely translated 'into mouth', for using facial muscles and shaping the lips for the mouthpiece to play a woodwind or brass musical instrument? A. Embouchure (origin, em = into, bouche = mouth) also accept embrasure. 24. In his 2011 memoir, ‘Known and Unknown’, which US ex-politician tries to deflect blame onto others including Colin Powell and Condoleeza Rice, for Iraq War mistakes? A. Donald Rumsfeld. (The book title alludes to Rumsfeld's famous statement: "There are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns - the ones we don't know we don't know..." The statement was made by Rumsfeld on February 12, 2002 at a press briefing addressing the absence of evidence linking the Iraq government with the supply of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups.) 25. How many vertices (corners) has a regular dodecahedron (a dodecahedron is a 3D form with 12 faces)? A. 20. 26. The Salmon River in Idaho, USA is known by what nickname, It is also the name of a 1954 film, whose title soundtrack was recorded b	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,166	The city of Sunderland stands at the mouth of which river?	City of Sunderland - The Sunderland Lodge No. 4114 City of Sunderland Links CITY OF SUNDERLAND Sunderland is one of the newest cities in the British Isles and is at the mouth of the River Wear in the northeast of England. The lodge crest is the coat of arms of the old town and port of Sunderland with the Latin motto “Nil Desperandum Auspice Deo - Don’t despair, in God we trust”. The symbols on the coat of arms are a globe and a sextant relating to Sunderland’s historical links with the sea. The docks area is now a thriving marina. It has a history of glassmaking, coal mining and shipbuilding, but now is a car building city as well as many other small industries. On approaching Sunderland from the west the first landmark observed is usually the hill on which stands Penshaw Monument (pictured right), a memorial to John George Lambton, afterwards the 1st Earl of Durham, who was Provincial Grand Master from 1818 to 1840. Penshaw Monument Sunderland bridges The coastal beach areas of Sunderland are called Roker and Seaburn - golden sands, but often cool! Certainly worth a visit. (Yes the beaches are really sandy and not like those stoney southern beaches!) Sunderland hosts an International Kite Festival every July and an International Airshow every August. Both events attract large crowds and are free to spectators! Sunderland is the home of the National Glass Centre opened in 1998 by H.R.H. The Prince of Wales. The Glass Centre is on the riverside in an area currently being developed following the closure of the shipyards. National Glass Centre Near the marina there are modern sculptures which are really unusual and extremely interesting, especially for children. Sunderland is also the home of Premier League Sunderland Association Football Club (S.A.F.C.) The club enjoys a friendly rivalry with neighbouring Newcastle United. Sport is an important feature of north-east England life and the city’s team is always extremely well supported. Currently the team is struggling at the bottom of the table, but supporters hope that they will remain in the Premier League for the 2015-2016 season. The club's stadium, the Stadium of Light was opened in 1997 and dominates the skyline of the city. The stadium is on the north side of the river, a short walk from the city centre and is built on the site of Wearmouth Colliery. A large miners lamp, designed by a Sunderland Lodge member, stands outside the stadium. The Stadium of Light Perhaps Sunderland’s most famous son is Bede (672 / 673 – May 26, 735), also referred to as Saint Bede or the Venerable Bede (Beda Venerabilis), was a monk at the monastery of Saint Peter at Monkwearmouth, Sunderland and of its companion monastery, Saint Paul's, in modern Jarrow both in what was the Kingdom of Northumbria. He is well known as an author and scholar, and his most famous work, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (The Ecclesiastical History of the English People) gained him the title "The Father of English History". In 1899, Bede was made a Doctor of the Church by Leo XIII, a position of theological significance; he is the only native of Great Britain to achieve this designation (Anselm of Canterbury, also a Doctor of the Church, was originally from Italy). Bede Another one of Sunderland’s famous sons was Benedict Biscop (628-690), founder of two monasteries and the British patron saint of learning. He founded a monastery in 674 at Wearmouth (the original Sunderland), at the mouth of the River Wear and dedicated it to St. Peter. Benedict Biscop hired craftsmen from France to construct a church made of stone with a lead roof and glass windows, the first of its kind in England. Benedict Biscop Other famous Sunderland men are Dr. W. R. Clanney (1777-1850) inventor of a miners’ safety lamp (invented by Humphrey Davy at the very same time), Dr Clanney Statue of Jack Crawford in Mowbray Park Jack Crawford (1775-1831) the hero of the Battle of Camperdown, Battle of Camperdown Sir Henry Havelock (1795-1857) hero of the Indian Mutiny, The Indian Mutiny Sir Joseph Wilson Swan (1828-1914) inventor of the	The Only State... Quiz Extra Trivia ...whose name appears in another state's most populous city? Kansas City is the name of the biggest city in Missouri but only the third biggest city in Kansas. ...to host three modern Olympic Games? Besides the two Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California hosted the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley. ...that allows residents to vote from outer space? The reasoning behind this 1997 law makes sense when you consider that most Astronauts live and work in Houston. ...without a McDonalds within the borders of its state capital? Montpelier is also the smallest state capital, with less than 8,000 people. ...to have a state-owned bank? The Bank of North Dakota was founded in 1919, and receives funds from state agencies. ...whose name has no letters in common with that of its capital? This may not be the most interesting 'Only' stat about South Dakota, but it's the only one I could find... ...to insist upon statewide female suffrage as a requirement for its entry into the Union? The Wyoming Territory's 1869 passage of female suffrage inspired the state's Official Nickname 'The Equality State.' ...whose legal right to statehood was brought before the Supreme Court? Virginia v. West Virginia, in which Virgina strove to regain counties that had seceded during the Civil War, was decided in favor of the Defendant. ...that has no law requiring seatbelts for adults in automobiles? New Hampshire residents take their 'Live Free Or Die' motto rather seriously ...to have a lighthouse that stands over 60 meters high? The Cape Hatteras Lighthouse, 63 meters tall (200 feet), is located on the state's easternmost island. ...in which diamonds are mined? Crater of Diamonds State Park is also the world's only diamond-bearing site open to the public. ...in which the Northern half is in a different time zone than the Southern half? Northern Idaho is on Pacific Time, while Southern Idaho is on Mountain Time. ...to be represented by an African-American Senator prior to the 20th Century? Before 1967, Mississippi's Hiram Revels (1870) and Blanche Bruce (1875) were the only two black US Senators in history. ...whose median age is under 30 years old? The Mormon Church's encouragement of large families may explain why Utah's median age is only 28.8 years. ...to produce two US Presidents whose sons also became Presidents? Coincidentally, both sons shared their Father's names--John Quincy Adams and George Walker Bush. ...to be named after an American? Perhaps only George Washington had the gravitas to merit such an honor; a state of Franklin was attempted but failed to be approved. ...to have a higher population density than Puerto Rico? The most densely populated state, New Jersey's 1,189 residents/square mile beats out Puerto Rico's 1,163. ...whose postal abbreviation consists of two vowels? Iowa is also the only state whose name begins with two vowels. ...to lie entirely above 1,000 meters elevation? Colorado's lowest point, at the border with Kansas, is higher than Pennsylvania's tallest summit. ...where a nuclear weapon was exploded prior to the bombing of Japan? The Trinity Site, NM, was America's first and only test of the atomic bomb before it was dropped on Hiroshima. ...to host a Confederate President's inauguration? Jefferson Davis took his oath of office at the Alabama State Capitol building in 1861. ...that has 'parishes' instead of counties? Louisiana's unique use of the word 'parish' is a holdover from its days as a French Colony. ...to have two Federal Reserve Banks? The Federal bank in Kansas City covers the Great Plains region, while the bank in St. Louis covers part of the Central US. ...with a modern city founded by European colonists prior to 1600? St. Augustine, founded in 1565, was originally the capital of Spanish Florida. ...to contain more than one Ivy League school? Columbia University is located in New York City, while Cornell is in Ithaca Exceptional Quality ...whose official name is more than four words long? 'State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations,' is typically used only on of	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,167	The continental divide, the point at which watersheds tend to drain to the Pacific, instead of the Atlantic, lies principally along which mountain range?	Evaporation, not outflow, drained ancient Lake Agassiz during the Younger Dryas \| Watts Up With That? Watts Up With That? The world's most viewed site on global warming and climate change Menu Anthony Watts / October 5, 2011 From the University of Cincinnat i: Long-Lost Lake Offers Clues to Climate Change What caused water levels to drop in an immense yet long-vanished lake? Research by a University of Cincinnati geologist suggests that conditions 12,000 years ago encouraged evaporation. Not long ago, geologically speaking, a now-vanished lake covered a huge expanse of today’s Canadian prairie. As big as Hudson Bay, the lake was fed by melting glaciers as they receded at the end of the last ice age. At its largest, Glacial Lake Agassiz, as it is known, covered most of the Canadian province of Manitoba, plus a good part of western Ontario. A southern arm straddled the Minnesota-North Dakota border. Not far from the ancient shore of Lake Agassiz, University of Cincinnati Professor of Geology Thomas Lowell will present a paper about the lake to the Geological Society of America annual meeting in Minneapolis. Lowell’s paper is one of 14 to be presented Oct. 10 in a session titled: “ Glacial Lake Agassiz—Its History and Influence on North America and on Global Systems: In Honor of James T. Teller .” Although Lake Agassiz is gone, questions about its origin and disappearance remain. Answers to those questions may provide clues to our future climate. One question involves Lake Agassiz’ role in a thousand-year cold snap known as the Younger Dryas. As the last ice age ended, thousands of years of warming temperatures were interrupted by an abrupt shift to cold. Tundra conditions expanded southward, to cover the land exposed as the forests retreated. This colder climate is marked in the fossil record by a flowering plant known as Dryas, which gives the period its name. “My work focuses on abrupt or rapid climate change,” Lowell said. “The Younger Dryas offers an opportunity to study such change. The climate then went from warming to cooling very rapidly, in less than 30 years or so.” Scientists noted that the Younger Dryas cold spell seemed to coincide with lower water levels in Lake Agassiz. Had the lake drained? And, if so, had the fresh water of the lake caused this climate change by disrupting ocean currents? This is the view of many scientists, Lowell said. Lowell investigated a long-standing mystery involving Lake Agassiz – a significant drop in water level known as the Moorhead Low. It has long been believed that the Moorehead Low when water drained from Lake Agassiz through a new drainage pathway. Could this drainage have flowed through the St. Lawrence Seaway into the North Atlantic Ocean? “The most common hypothesis for catastrophic lowering is a change in drainage pathways,” Lowell said. The problem is, better dating of lake levels and associated organic materials do not support a rapid outflow at the right time. “An alternative explanation is needed,” he said. Lowell’s research shows that, although water levels did drop, the surface area of the lake increased more than seven-fold at the same time. His research suggests that the lower water levels were caused by increased evaporation, not outflow. While the melting glacier produced a lot of water, Lowell notes that the Moorhead Low was roughly contemporaneous with the Younger Dryas cold interval, when the atmosphere was drier and there was increased solar radiation. “The dry air would reduce rainfall and enhance evaporation,” Lowell said. “The cold would reduce meltwater production, and shortwave radiation would enhance evaporation when the lake was not frozen and sublimation when the lake was ice-covered.” Further research will attempt a clearer picture of this ancient episode, but researchers will have to incorporate various factors including humidity, yearly duration of lake ice, annual temperature, and a better understanding of how and where meltwater flowed from the receding glaciers. Lowell’s efforts to understand changes in ancient climates have taken him from Al	Mountains in Algeria \| By Algeria Channel City finder Climb or Hike the Majestic Mountains of Algeria From the Mediterranean coast the landscape peaks in the Atlas Mountains before it stretches across the Sahara Desert . With such varied topography, Algeria's landscape is diverse and fascinating. Algeria's mountain ranges cover large portions of the land. Some of Algeria's mountains form part of the great Atlas Mountain Range whilst others are located only within the country's borders. The Atlas Mountains The Atlas Mountain Range extends some 2400km/1500 miles across Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. It creates a border between the Mediterranean and the Sahara desert and is home to remote Arab villages in Algeria. This impressive mountain range is made up of the following sections: Middle Atlas, Anti-Atlas, High Atlas, Tell Atlas and Saharan Atlas . The latter two ranges are located in Algeria. The Saharan Atlas This Algerian Mountain Range makes up the eastern section of the Atlas Mountains. Djebel Aissa is the tallest peak in the Saharan Atlas, reaching 2236 meters in height. Smaller ranges that make up the Saharan Atlas include Ouled-Nael, Amour and Ksour. The Saharan Atlas later meets up with the Tell Atlas, forming the T'bessa and Medjerda ranges. Wadis, such as the Touil, run down from the Saharan Atlas. Wadis are riverbeds that only flow in wet seasons. Chaoui Berbers are the chief residents of this mountain range and they live mainly where the landscape makes agriculture possible. The Tell Atlas Measuring some 1500km in length, the Tell Atlas Mountain Range makes its way through Morocco, across Algeria and into Tunisia. The Tell Atlas runs parallel to the Saharan Atlas until it meets in the eastern side of Algeria. Many of Algeria's important cities are located along the Tell Atlas; this includes the capital of Algiers and Oran . The Chelif River runs from the Tell Atlas into the Mediterranean Sea and provides Algeria's inhabitants with a fertile agricultural valley. The Aures Mountains This range forms and extension of the Atlas Mountains. It is located in eastern Algeria just to the east of Algeria's Saharan Atlas. Djebel Chelia, also known as Kaltum, is the tallest peak in this range and reaches a height of 2328 m. The Aur's Mountains are very isolated and remain the home of the Shawia people. The Ahaggar Mountains (aka Hoggar) Located in the south of Algeria, the Hoggar is a highland area of the central parts of the Sahara. The geography of the region consists mostly of rocky desert. Mount Tahat is the tallest peak of the area, reaching 2918m in height. A common attraction to these Algerian mountains is Assekrem, the place where Le Pere de Foulcault resided in 1905. Due to its less extreme climate, the Hoggar is a region of great biodiversity. The Ahaggar Mountains are the abode of the Imuhagh, who are part of the Tuareg. Nearby is the tomb of Tin Hinan, ancestor and matriarch of the Tuareg people. The Ahaggar region is very popular amongst tourists, with many tour operators visiting the area. The Tassili n' Ajjer Lying in the southeast of Algeria, this Saharan mountain range stretches some 500km. The highest point in the Tassili n'Ajjer range is Adrar Afao at 2158 meters. As the mountains are chiefly composed of sandstone, many awe-inspiring natural rock arches have formed. Vegetation in the range is mostly scattered woodland. The range is also popular with tourists because of its archeological interest, which includes the brilliant examples of ancient rock art that are found here. Large portions of the range are protected as part of the Tassili n'Ajjer National park . Other Mountains and Ranges Jebel Chenoua, to the west of Algiers, is a mountain group on the coast. Located between Tipaza and Cherchell, Jebel Cheoua is home to Berber speakers. The Gueltara Mountains are in the west of Algeria. The highest point in this small range is 755m high. Tags: User Comments & Reviews: 9 Comment(s) To leave a comment, please sign in using the login box on the right or click here , or sign up here . Page 1 of 2	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,168	"Buster Keaton's film ""The Three Ages"" included the invention of Stone Age baseball and modern traffic problems in classical Rome. What is this an example of?"	Anachronism A Anachronism An anachronism—from the Greek ανά (ana: against, anti-) and χρόνος (chronos: time)—is an error in chronology, especially a chronological misplacing of persons, events, objects, or customs in regard to each other. The item is often an object, but may be a verbal expression, a technology, a philosophical idea, a musical style, a material, a custom, or anything else so closely associated with a particular period in time that it would be incorrect to place it outside its proper domain. Types The intentional use of older, often obsolete cultural artifacts may be regarded as anachronistic. For example, it could be considered anachronistic for a modern-day person to wear a top-hat, write with a quill pen , or use a typewriter . Such choices may reflect an eccentricity, an aesthetic preference, or an ethical preference. Another sort of parachronism arises when a work based on a particular era's state of knowledge is read within the context of a later era with a different state of knowledge. Many scientific works that rely on theories that have later been discredited have become anachronistic with the removal of those underpinnings, and works of speculative fiction often find their speculation outstripped by real-world technological development. A prochronism, on the other hand, occurs when an item appears in a temporal context in which it could not yet be present (the object had not yet been developed, the verbal expression had not been coined, the philosophy had not been formulated, the breed of animal had not been developed, the technology had not been created). An example might be Western movies' placing of firearms not introduced until the 1870s, such as the Winchester 1873 rifle or the Colt Single Action Army revolver, into frontier society of antebellum or Civil War years. While prochronisms such as this may not be noticeable to the uninformed, other prochronisms are frankly comic in their effect (e.g., a tenth-century British peasant earnestly explaining his village as an "anarcho-syndicalist commune" in the film Monty Python and the Holy Grail, or a Beatlesque band called the "Bedbugs" appearing in the American Civil War–era TV comedy F-Troop). Artifacts An anachronism can be an artifact which appears out of place archaeologically, geologically , or temporally . It is sometimes called OOPArt, for "out-of-place artifact". Anachronisms usually appear more technologically advanced than is expected for their place and period. However, a seeming anachronism may reflect our ignorance rather than a genuine chronological anomaly . A popular view of history presents an unfolding of the past in which humanity has a primitive start and progresses toward development of technology. Allegedly anachronistic artifacts demonstrate contradictions to this idea. Some archaeologists believe that seeing these artifacts as anachronisms underestimates the technology and creativity of people at the time. Art and fiction Anachronism is used especially in works of imagination that rest on a historical basis. Anachronisms may be introduced in many ways, originating, for instance, in disregard of the different modes of life and thought that characterize different periods, or in ignorance of the progress of the arts and sciences and other facts of history. They vary from glaring inconsistencies to scarcely perceptible misrepresentation. It is only since the close of the 18th century that this kind of deviation from historical reality has jarred on a general audience. Anachronisms abound in the works of Raphael and Shakespeare , as well as in those of less celebrated painters and playwrights of earlier times. In particular, the artists, on the stage and on the canvas, in story and in song, assimilated their characters to their own nationality and their own time. Roman soldiers appear in Renaissance military garb. The Virgin Mary was represented in Italian works with Italian characteristics, and in Flemish works with Flemish ones. Alexander the Great appeared on the French stage in the full costume of Louis XIV of France dow	Free Flashcards about GK 6 Which horse was involved in the 1913 incident that killed Emily Davison? Anmer What is the meaning of "discursive"? digressing from subject to subject What was the German 'Jugendstil' known as in Britain and the USA? Art Nouveau The artists Odilon Redon and Fernand Khnopff were most closely associated with which artistic movement? Symbolism What nationality was artist Fernand Khnopff? Belgian What is the meaning of 'post hoc, ergo propter hoc'? "After which, therefore because of which" In which year did BBC Radio 2, in the guise of the BBC Light Programme, start broadcasting? 1945 What radio programme used the signature tune "At The Sign Of The Swinging Cymbal" by Bryan Fahey? Pick of The Pops Agricola, Roman Governor of Britain, was which Roman writer's father-in-law? Tacitus Agricola, Roman Governor of Britain, was recalled in disgrace by which Emperor? Domitian Which Iron Age tribe had a capital at Emain Macha in Ulster? Ulaid Who had a 1955 Number 1 with "Softly, Softly"? Ruby Murray Who had UK hits with "Be My Love" and "Because You're Mine"? Mario Lanza Who took "Rose Marie" to No 1 spot in the UK IN 1954? Slim Whitman In 1955 Jimmy Young had a No 1 single with "The Man From..." - where? Laramie Which singer was the indirect cause of 1944's Columbus Day Riot? Frank Sinatra In which year did "Rock Around The Clock" hit No 1 in both the UK and the US? 1955 Both "boogie-woogie" and "rock and roll" supposedly got their names from what? Euphemisms for sex Who coined the term "Rhythm and Blues"? Jerry Wexler Which Cleveland DJ is usually credited with coining the term "rock n roll" to apply to the music of that style? Alan Freed Which band were originally called "The Rambling Yodeller And The Sandmen"? Bill Haley & The Comets Who had a 1950s hit with "Be-Bop-A Lula"? Gene Vincent and The Blue Caps Which chemical elements occupy positions 89-103 on the Periodic Table? Actinides What name is given to a 3D co-ordinate system with three planes, x, y, and Z? Cartesian What are the names given to the three sides of a right-angled triangle? Hypotenuse, Base, Altitude If theta represents the angle opposite the altitude in a right angled triangle, a is the altitude, b the base and c is the hypotenuse, what is sinθ equal to? a/c If theta represents the angle opposite the altitude in a right angled triangle, a is the altitude, b the base and c is the hypotenuse, what is cosθ equal to? b/c If theta represents the angle opposite the altitude in a right angled triangle, a is the altitude, b the base and c is the hypotenuse, what is tanθ equal to? a/b (or sinθ/cosθ) What is the meaning of sin(squared)θ? sinθsinθ An object that has both magnitude and direction in space Which letters are traditionally used for the three base vectors? i, j, k Who had a 1962 Number 1 with "Wonderful Land"? The Shadows Which artistic group was founded in 1911 by Kandinsky and Marc? Der Blaue Reiter Artist Franz Marc was born in wRhich country? Germany Who painted "Luxe, Calme et Volupte"? Matisse Who is generally held to be the originator of the Suprematist art movement? Malevich The artists Boccioni, Carra and Severeni, all Italians, belonged to which movement? Futurism What was the real name of The Big Bopper, who died in a plane crash along with Buddy Holly? JP Richardson What was the stage name of the singer Rosemary Brown? Dana Which country singer got to No. 1 in the UK with "Coward Of The County"? Kenny Rogers Who composed "The Stars And Stripes Forever"? John Phillip Sousa Who composed the waltz "Tales From The Vienna Woods"? Johann Strauss Robert-Francois Damiens attempted to assassinate (and failed, although he did wound) which king? Louis XV of France When was the Seven Years' War? 1756-63 Whose final work was 1804's "Opus Postumum"? Kant The Pregolya River, which features in Euler's 'Seven Bridges'problem, runs through which city? Kaliningrad Who wrote 1848's "The Principles Of Political Economy"? John Stuart Mill What is defined as "the composite of an organism's observable traits"? Phenotype The Japanese word 'hara',	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,169	Which 1975 film features a boat called the Orca ?	Orca (boat) \| Jaws Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia [ show ] ORCA: The Amity incident Captained by the misanthropic, eccentric war veteran known simply among island locals as Quint , Orca was sunk off the coast of Martha's Vineyard following an extended fishing excursion in the summer of 1973. On its final voyage, Orca was crewed by Martha's Vineyard chief of police, Martin Brody, and a schooled oceanographer from Woods Hole, Matt Hooper . A game fisherman in every sense, Quint was steadfast as the boats' beleaguered captain to the very end, with machete and blood flying in dramatic recoil. The demise of the Orca was due in part to structural damage resulting from relentless attacks by a now infamous maniacal rogue shark. Although the boat had been designed to seek out and catch sharks, it was ultimately no match for the overtly cunning, pursuing predator Quint was hired to catch. Attempting to draw the monster in to the shallows, the Orca was eventually over revved and inadvertently scuttled. After listing to port, Brody was able to fire one final explosive shot from the sinking mast at a compressed air tank in the jaws of the attacking shark. Conspiracy theory It was well known by most Islanders that Chief Brody had been at odds with the mayor which thereby cast doubt as to the validity of the subsequent police report filed upon his return. The town council also steadfastly refused to pay the agreed bounty ($10,000) as promised, claiming there was still no verifiable proof the shark had either been caught or killed per the terms of the contract. Members of the council claimed the mayor had reluctantly been coerced into signing, citing fraud on the part of the chief. The town council believed that ORCA was purposely sabotaged, rather than having been sunk by the shark which had been terrorizing the island. Their official claim on record stated the ORCA had merely been scuttled as part of an insurance scheme, cooked up by Brody in order to appropriate the bounty. In addition, it was claimed that Quint had gone into hiding in collusion with Chief Brody to avoid tax revenue and fines due in part to civic ordinance violations, and zoning laws. As a result, an investigation was launched and Brody was removed from his post as chief of police rather than being lauded as the islands savior. Brody subsequently fled his place of residence, and while evading local authorities was entangled in an altercation with a pair of amateur nature photographers who encountered Brody on a trail. One of the pair were able to take a photo of Brody at gun point before fleeing down the mountainside. History During the war in the pacific (WW2), while on a return trip to home port after having delivered the atomic bomb, Quint's ship, (the USS Indianapolis) was hit by torpedos fired from a Japanese submarine. With only a life jacket for floatation, he survived an ordeal at sea for five days surrounded by swarms of killer sharks. Quint's mission during the war had been so secret, no distress call was sent, and a crew of nearly 1100 were lost. Taking his new found passion and disdain for sharks to the extreme, Quint used what little funds he had and purchased a modified wooden lobster boat off Nova Scotia. As a working boat, 'Novi's' were dependable, highly buoyant, tough, and easy to repair; and were the mainstay for most lobster fisherman in the region. Aptly named 'Warlock', when Quint purchased it, the boat had been named by its first owner in an ode to warding off evil spirits. For Quint, this name seemed apropos as he had been plagued emotionally following his harrowing wartime ordeal at sea, and the last thing he wanted was to be in a ship that would ever sink again. Components With the purchase of his vessel complete, Quint set about transforming 'Warlock' into the formidable 'shark seeker' known as ORCA. To improve its hunting capabilities, Quint added an expanded fly bridge, surplus search light, and a reinforced crow's nest to aid in measuring dorsal fins from extended distances. While Quint was steadfastly against using fancy or advanced	Bernard Herrmann - an overview of the composer and his music for film and television All Film Composers Bernard Herrmann (1911-1975) - perfect partner to Hitchcock thrillers While the name Alfred Hitchcock is universally well known, that of Bernard Herrmann is relatively unknown outside of musical circles. Yet his music has accompanied the Director's finest work and is every bit as accomplished and inventive. Whether it is the screaming strings from Psycho, the dizzying arpeggios from Vertigo or the bird sounds edited together as the soundtrack to The Birds, Herrmann always rose to the challenge. See our article Alfred Hitchcock and Bernard Herrmann: Torn Curtain by Steve Vertlieb for a wealth of information about the stormy relationship between these creative geniuses and the films they made together. Before the association with Hitchcock, Herrmann's first film (now frequently listed by film critics as the finest ever made) was Citizen Kane, having worked with Orson Welles during his radio days. He also went on to work with Welles on "The Magnificent Ambersons". The French director Francois Truffaut also used Herrmann's talents for two of his films, The Bride Wore Black and Fahrenheit 451. Since Truffaut is known to have idolised Alfred Hitchcock's directorial talent, it was perhaps this association which prompted Truffaut to seek out Herrmann in this way. There are not many composers who have appeared on the film screen (coincidentally Truffaut's frequent composer partner Georges Delerue has done so in "Shoot the Pianist"), but Bernard Herrmann played the part of the conductor in the climax of Hitchcock's 1956 remake of "The Man Who Knew Too Much" set in the Royal Albert Hall. Herrmann conducts Arthur Benjamin's "Storm Clouds Cantata" (which Herrmann admired from Hitchcock's original 1934 version, adapting it only slightly), while Doris Day and James Stewart try to stop an assassination attempt due to coincide with a climactic cymbal crash (here is the concert scene on youtube). Herrmann is even credited as conductor on the poster in an earlier scene outside the hall. The film also features bold percussion music during the opening titles. The London Symphony Orchestra were so impressed by Herrmann's musical knowledge that when filming was completed, they presented the composer/conductor with a book inscribed "To Bernard Herrmann: The Man Who Knows So Much". Herrmann's theme for Cape Fear with its 4-note brass motive (watch out for the Simpsons "Thomsons" episode which parodies this) was re-used in the remake of that film by Elmer Bernstein . The association with Hitchcock came to an end when the director famously rejected his score for Torn Curtain when the composer's fittingly dark orchestration clashed with the Hollywood desire to emphasise the movie's romantic interest. Although the director then chose John Addison to score the movie, he decided to show the key murder scene most effectively without any musical accompaniment. However Bernstein also included some of the unused music from Torn Curtain in the remake of Cape Fear, and the full Herrmann version of the score has since been recorded. This is full of the tension to be expected in the real spy business, with only some brief relief in the form of a waltz. His musical style was bold and direct, yet certainly not typical of the day. Rather than full-blown themes, his knack was to select and develop simple mottos such as those high-pitched Psycho violins or in Vertigo those augmented chord arpeggios that seemed to encapsulate the whole concept of the movie. The orchestration also tended to be unusual but again tailored perfectly to the particular need. Psycho used strings only, which seemed to match the black and white photography. The orchestration for that rejected score for Torn Curtain was played using large numbers of flutes, horns and trombones. By way of contrast Fahrenheit 451 employs lots of tuned percussion. In a number of ways, Herrmann's musical style follows in the footsteps of Miklos Rozsa being bold and dark and an integral part of the film experie	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,170	Charmeuse, Noil and Shantung are all types of which fabric?	Types of Silk Fabric TYPES OF SILK FABRIC The finest silk fibers, and most of what we use today, are produced by "cultivated" silkworms grown in a controlled environment. The worms are fed a diet of mulberry leaves and increase their body size 10,000 times in their short life span. Once the cocoon is spun and before the worm hatches through the silk into a moth, the cocoon is soaked in hot water then unraveled, producing filaments that can be up to a mile long in size. The raw silk is then processed to remove the sericin - the natural "gum" that protects the fibers and causes them to stick to each other as the cocoon was spun. Silk is a protein fiber, similar to wool or to human hair. It is only natural for silks to have some irregularities sometimes called "slubs". This is the nature of the 100% silk fabric. Silk that has been processed can be woven or knit into a variety of fabrics. Silk will shrink, so if you are using it to construct clothing, be sure to preshrink it. Silk often has a wonderful feel, (referred to as a "hand"), and an almost iridescent sheen that makes us think of luxury. The weight of silk is shown as "mm" pronounced "mommy" and varies within the different types of silk. The following list of various types of silk may help you understand some of the qualities of each: Chiffon Often the lightest weight and most diaphanous of the silks, Chiffon is also the most see-through. It creates the "billows" of fabric that add dimension to garments, but generally requires some kind of lining or backing unless it's used for scarves. China Silk China silk is a lightweight, sheer, plain-weave fabric. It's sometimes referred to as habutai, or habotai, or pongee. It is one of the less expensive and more commonly available silk fabrics. Habotai can often be found as light as 5 mm and as heavy as 12 mm. Most of our scarves are made of 8 mm Habotai. When purchasing for clothing construction, or purchasing ready-made clothing, this fabric is not recommended for fitted garment styles because the seams will tear from the stress. Crepe de Chine Crepe de chine is a lightweight fabric made by twisting some fibers clockwise and others counterclockwise. The twisted fibers are then woven in a plain-weave fabric, but it's the twisted fibers, not the weave, that gives crepe its distinctive "pebbly" look and feel rather than a shiny luster. Both sides of the fabric look and feel the same. Our drawstring pouches and some of our larger scarves are made of Crepe de Chine, often in the 12mm to 15mm range. When purchasing ready-made clothing or considering this fabric for sewing, avoid using it in tailored styles because the fabric is too soft to hold a structured shape. Crepe de chine doesn't ravel as easily as other silk fabrics, but it will tear if not handled gently. Charmeuse Generally, when we think of traditional silk, this is the fabric we have in mind. The back of the fabric is a flattened crepe while the front is a shimmery satin weave. Charmeuse has even more drape than crepe de chine and works well for scarves, blouses and lingerie. Occasionally we will offer scarves in Charmeuse. Jacquard Jacquard silks offer various woven patterns, using matte and reflective threads to create a light and dark effect in the fabric. This effect is similar to brocade, although the Jacquard is originally created in one color. These are generally heavier weight and more densely woven. Patterns are often florals and paisleys. This added dimension (pattern) makes this fabric perfect for abstract for free-form dyeing. Our Envelope Pouches are made from Jacquard, as are some of our Cell Phone and Glass Cases. Douppioni Douppioni is a plain-weave fabric with slubbed ribs. It has a stiff, taffeta-like hand and is usually dyed in bright colors. Douppioni is often made into elegant evening gowns or semi-fitted vests and garments. But make sure the style isn't too fitted, because the fabric doesn't stand up well to stress and ravels easily. It's often recommended that douppioni be drycleaned to resist abrasions. However, as	Glossary of Fabric Terms - Fabric - Store A manufactured fiber, its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable and excellent color retention. Alpaca A natural hair fiber obtained from the Alpaca sheep, a domesticated member of the llama family. Angora The hair of the Angora goat. Also known as Angora mohair. Angora may also apply to the fur of the Angora rabbit. Antique Satin A reversible satin-weave fabric with satin floats on the technical face and surface slubs on the technical back created by using slub-filling yarns. It is usually used with the technical back as the right side for drapery fabrics and often made of a blend of fibers. Batik A method of dyeing fabric where some areas are covered with wax or pastes made of glues or starches to make designs by keeping dyes from penetrating in pattern areas. Multicolored and blended effects are obtained by repeating the dyeing process several times, with the initial pattern of wax boiled off and another design applied before dyeing again in a new color. A lightweight, plain weave fabric, semi-sheer and usually made of cotton or cotton blends. Appropriate for heirloom sewing, baby clothes and lingerie. Bedford Cord A cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction. Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes. A fabric with a crosswise rib made from textile fibers (as rayon, nylon, cotton, or wool) often in combination. Boiled Wool Felted knitted wool, it offers the flexibility of a knit with great warmth. Create your own by washing double the needed amount of 100% wool jersey in hot water and drying in a hot dryer. Expect 50% shrinkage. Appropriate for jackets, vests and stuffed animals. Blackout A type of fabric that is commonly used for drapery, this fabric has the distinctive quality of blocking light, and comes in two forms: 2-pass and 3-pass. Two-pass has two “passes” of foam on a fabric, which means the black layer of foam will be visible. 3-pass has two layers of white and one layer of black foam. Three-pass can also be used as an upholstery fabric, as the black layer is not visible. Blackout fabrics can also be insulating and noise-dampening. Buckram A very stiff cotton fabric that is been soaked in a substance to fill in the gaps between the fibers. The fiber is usually cotton and is finished with starch and resin. Buckram fabric is most commonly used as the supporting material inside of baseball caps. It is also used in lady's hats, costumes, belts, and handbags. A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric. It has a rough hand. Appropriate for draperies and decorative items. Burn-out Velvet Created from two different fibers, the velvet is removed with chemicals in a pattern leaving the backing fabric intact. Appropriate for more unconstructed and loosely fit garments. Chenille The French word for caterpillar, this soft fabric is created by placing short pieces of yarns between core yarns and twisting the yarn together to make a fabric. This fabric is commonly used for baby items and in home décor fabrics. Chantilly lace This lace has a net background, and the pattern is created by embroidering with thread and ribbon to create floral designs. The pattern has areas of design that are very dense, and the pattern is often outlined with heavier cords or threads. Charm Quilt A quilt made of many, many small patches (traditionally 2" or so) where each piece is a different fabric. The pattern is usually a one-patch design and often involves swaps and trades with friends to gather many fabrics. Charmuese A luxurious, supple silky fabric with a shiny satin face and a dull back. Generally either silk, rayon ,or polyester. Suitable for blouses, fuller pants and lingerie. Cotton a white vegetable fiber grown in warmer climates in many parts of the world, has been used to produce many types of fabric for hundreds of years. Cotton fabric feels good against the skin regardless of the temperature or the humidity and is therefore in great demand by	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,171	"What was the name of James Onedin's ship in the TV series ""The Onedin Line""?"	Welcome to the www.TheOnedinLine.com website Welcome to our website James Onedin ( Peter Gilmore ), the younger son of old Samuel Onedin, a miserly ship chandler, was a penniless sea captain with aspirations to greater things. He married Anne Webster ( Anne Stallybrass ), who was some years his senior (The actor playing Anne Webster, Ann Stallybrass, is actually seven years younger than Peter Gilmore) and the spinster daughter of Captain Joshua Webster, owner of the topsail schooner Charlotte Rhodes (portrayed by the schooner Meta Jan). James's only motivation was to get his hands on the ship. A shrewd and often ruthless operator, James soon built up a fleet, assisted by the loyal Mr. (later Captain) Baines ( Howard Lang ). His other sailing ships included the Pampero, the Medusa, the Soren Larsen, the "Neptune", the "Falcon", the "Trident", the "Osprey", the steamship "Shearwater", the " Christian Radich", the "Thorsoe", the steamer "Black Pearl", the "Jenny Peak" renamed the "Letty Gaunt", the "Ondine", the "Orlando", the "Star of Bethlehem", the "Teawind" and the "Lady Lazenby". He also initiated the building of a steamship, the Anne Onedin (until the death of his wife, to be named the "Golden Nugget") Ships used in the Onedin Line series Sailing vessel: The Charlotte Rhodes The Charlotte Rhodes berthed in the 1860s harbor of Liverpool, England (In the Onedin Line series). It was operated by Captain James Onedin, ( Peter Gilmore ) who rose to wealth and power as he established his flourishing cargo shipping service. The ship "Charlotte Rhodes", called Kathleen and May, is Britain's last three-masted top sail schooner. It was built for Captain John Coppack in 1900 in Connah's Quay in Flintshire, for cargo trading around the Irish Sea Among others, these tall ships were filmed: Sailing vessel: Statsraad Lehmkuhl (See web header of TheOnedinLine.com) The Statsraad Lehmkuhl is a three-masted barque rigged sail training vessel owned and operated by the Statsraad Lehmkuhl Foundation. It is based in Bergen, Norway and contracted out for various purposes, including serving as a school ship for the Royal Norwegian Navy (using RNoN's prefix "KNM", English: "HNoMS"). It was built in 1914 as a school training ship for the German merchant marine under the name Grossherzog Friedrich August. After the First World War the ship was taken as a prize by the United Kingdom and in 1921 the ship was bought by former cabinet minister Kristoffer Lehmkuhl (hence the name, which means 'Cabinet Minister Lehmkuhl'). With the exception of the Second World War, when she was captured by German troops and called Westwï¿½rts, the ship has belonged to Bergens Skoleskib until it was donated to the Foundation in 1978. In 2000, it was chartered by the German Navy while their Gorch Fock was overhauled. Sailing vessel: Christian Radich Christian Radich is a Norwegian full rigged ship, named after a Norwegian shipowner. The vessel was built at Framnï¿½s shipyard in Sandefjord, Norway, and was delivered on 17 June 1937. The owner was The Christian Radich Sail Training Foundation established by a grant from an officer of that name. The vessel is a full rigged three masted steel hull, 62.5 m long, with an overall length of 73 m including the bowsprit and a maximum width of 9.7 m. She has a draught of about 4.7 meters and a displacement at full load of 1050 tons. Under engine power, the Christian Radich reaches a top speed of 10 knots, while she can make up to 14 knots under sail. The crew is 18 all together. It can accommodate 88 passengers. The Christian Radich is well known through the international release in 1958 of the Cinemiracle widescreen movie Windjammer. The Christian Radich sailed to the United States in 1976 as part of the Bicenten	THE ADMIRALS CUP The America's Cup is the most famous and most prestigious regatta in the sport of sailing, and the oldest active trophy in international sport, predating the Modern Olympics by 45 years. The sport attracts top sailors and yacht designers because of its long history and prestige as the "Holy Grail" of yachting. Although the most salient aspect of the regatta is its yacht races, it is also a test of boat design, sail design, fundraising, and management skills. The cup, originally offered as the Royal Yacht Squadron cup, is now named after the first yacht to win the trophy, the schooner America. The trophy remained in the hands of the New York Yacht Club of the United States from 1852 or 1857 (when the syndicate that won the Cup donated the trophy to the club) until 1983 when the Cup was won by the challenger, Australia II of Australia, ending the longest winning streak in the history of sport. For the first time in 132 years, America had lost the "cup" to another country. The skipper of Australia II, John Bertrand, was quoted in saying, "This puts yacht racing back on the map!" The America's Cup regatta is a challenge-driven yacht series that currently involves a best-of-nine series of match racing (a duel between two boats). Since the 1992 match, the regatta has been sailed with the International America's Cup Class (IACC) sloop, a monohull boat that has an average length of about 75 feet (23 m). Any challenger who meets the requirements specified in the Deed of Gift, which governs the regatta, has the right to challenge the yacht club that holds the Cup. Since 1983, Louis Vuitton has sponsored the Louis Vuitton Cup as a prize for the winner of the challenger selection series (which was inaugurated for the 1970 match). The America's Cup is a race between the winner of the Louis Vuitton Cup and the current holder. If the challenging team wins the cup, the cup's ownership is transferred from the defender's yacht club to the winning team's yacht club. History The Cup itself is an ornate silver-plated Britannia metal bottomless ewer, crafted in 1848 by Garrard & Co. The trophy is inscribed with names of the yachts that competed in the regatta's matches. Bases matching the silver cup were added in 1958 and 2003 to accommodate more names. The cup is one of three or six that were made as off-the-shelf trophies. Sir Henry Paget, the Marquess of Anglesey bought one and donated it for the Royal Yacht Squadron's 1851 Annual Regatta around the Isle of Wight . It was originally known by the Squadron as the "Royal Yacht Squadron Cup" or the "RYS Cup for One Hundred Sovereigns". The Cup subsequently became known as the "One Hundred Guinea(s) Cup", by the American syndicate that won it. As time went by, the Cup was also referred to as the "Queen's Cup", the "America Cup", and the "America's Cup". Today, the trophy is officially known as the America's Cup and affectionately called the "Auld Mug" by the sailing community. The regatta's origins date back to August 22, 1851 when the 30.86 m schooner-yacht America, owned by a syndicate that represented the New York Yacht Club, raced 15 yachts representing the Royal Yacht Squadron around the Isle of Wight. America won by 20 minutes. Apocryphally, Queen Victoria asked who was second; the answer famously was: "There is no second, your Majesty." Volunteer turning Sandy Hook Lightship on Sept. 27, 1887 during the seventh America's Cup The surviving members of the syndicate which owned the America donated the Cup through a Deed of Gift (written in 1852) to the New York Yacht Club on July 8, 1857. The trophy would be held in trust as a "challenge" trophy to promote friendly competition among nations. Stung by this blow to contemporary	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,172	"In basketball, what word means ""nothing but net""?"	Urban Dictionary: nothing but net nothing but net Said when a 'swish' is made on the basketball court. A swish is when the ball goes in the basket without touching the rim or backboard. The ball makes a 'swishing' sound. "Miller, from downtown......swish! Nothing but net!" by Diego August 26, 2003 Create a mug The Urban Dictionary Mug One side has the word, one side has the definition. Microwave and dishwasher safe. Lotsa space for your liquids. Buy the t-shirt The Urban Dictionary T-Shirt Smooth, soft, slim fit American Apparel shirt. Custom printed. 100% fine jersey cotton, except for heather grey (90% cotton). nothing but net Nothing but net is the name of an entire category of some of the most intimate sexual positions. The criteria that a sexual position must meet in order to be considered part of the nothing but net category is rigidly defined as any position such that only genitals are touching. Paying homage to its namesake, it is considered top form to make a "swish" sound at the outset of a nothing but net position. Neglecting to "swish" at adequate volume greatly increases risk of penile fracture. For a couple containing a male that is not well endowed, it is likely that only limited exploration of the nothing but net category will take place due to anatomical restrictions only permitting a just the tip (or JT squared) scenario. Fucking in the airplane bathroom, we had to hold the walls so tight it was nothing but net.	Index-a This Week's Puzzles So You Think You Know Soccer A soccer goal is what dimensions, yards wide and feet high: 8x7; 7x8; 8x8 or 9x8? According to FIFA World Cup rules which flag must be displayed inside each match stadium besides those of FIFA/Fair Play, and the two competing nations? Approximately how many million people play regular organized football in the world (at the early 2000s): 5; 25; 65; or 250? The word soccer derives from: Sock; Association; Kosher; or Socrates? What is not required by the rules of soccer: Goal net; Penalty spot; Specified ball pressure; or Shin guards? The 2014 World Cup Finals allocated European and African teams respectively how many places: 3 and 9; 4 and 10; 5 and 13; or 6 and 15? What city/club football rules, which spread widely in the late 1800s, introduced heading, corners, throw-ins, changing ends, and the goal crossbar: Sheffield; Paris; Milan; or Berlin? FIFA's 2014 World Cup Finals/Qualifying rules dictate a match squad of how many players: 18; 23; 26; or 30? In the 2010 World Cup Final, Jo'bulani was the: Winner's national anthem; Winning goalscorer; Ball; or Trumpet-like horn blown by fans? The minimum rest-period between two games for any team at the 2014 World Cup is how many hours: 24; 36; 48; or 72? Soccer rules award what after an 'own goal' directly from a throw-in: Goal; Penalty; Corner; or Drop-ball? The headquarters of FIFA are in Brussels; London; Zurich, or Oslo? Who has made the World Cup footballs since 1970: Adidas; Puma; Umbro; or Nike? The World Cup Qualifiying matches between El Salvador v Honduras in 1969 coincided with what mutual event: Independence; Earthquake; Drought; or War? The first ever ï¿½100,000 (or above) football transfer, in 1961, was: Bobby Moore; Pele; Dennis Law; or Eusebio? A white ball was first used in a World Cup in: 1930; 1950; 1966; or 1982? The centre circle of a soccer pitch is used only at kick-offs/re-starts, and in which other game feature? Matthias Sammer, Ronaldo, Zinedine Zidane, Rivaldo, and Luis Figo won what between 1990-2002: European Cup; World Cup; Golden Boot; or European Footballer of the Year? The first, second and third placed teams at the 2014 World Cup receive how many medals: 20; 30; 40 or 50? Soccer has been an Olympic event since: 1900; 1964; 1992; or 2002? PAGE 6	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,173	Which musical, for long entrenched at the Palace theatre in London, is currently running at the Queens theatre ?	Palace Theatre London - Harry Potter and the Cursed Child Harry Potter and the Cursed Child London’s Palace Theatre hosts the hotly anticipated, five-star Harry Potter and the Cursed Child ! Located at the intersection between Charing Cross Road and Shaftesbury Avenue, the Palace Theatre is a large red-brick structure that stands out amongst most other buildings. With a capacity of 1,400 seats spread across four levels, including the Stalls, Dress Circle, Grand Circle and Balcony, the Palace Theatre is one of the larger venues on the West End. Built in 1891 it is the second oldest theatre on the street, opening for business just three years after the Lyric Theatre . The Palace Theatre building was designed by Thomas Edward Collcutt and commissioned by Richard D’Oyly Carte, who wanted the theatre to become the home of English grand opera. Following Carte’s wish, the theatre opened in January 1891 as the Royal English Opera House, with the first production being Arthur Sullivan’s Ivanhoe. Running for over half a year, the production was a great success, but when it came to an end there was no production to follow. The building soon closed down and was sold by Carte at a loss. However the venue reopened as the Palace Theatre of Varities, becoming a huge success. In 1911, the name of the theatre was eventually altered to the Palace Theatre and became home to a variety of popular musicals. Past Shows Previous successful musical theatre productions at the Palace Theatre have included Otto Hardbach’s No, No, Nanette, which features the acclaimed musical numbers “Two Many Rings Around Rosie” and “Peach on the Beach”. Making its debut at the Palace Theatre in 1925, No, No, Nanette ran for an extensive 665 performances. During the twentieth century, two very successful musicals ran at the Palace Theatre, attracting large audiences. Jesus Christ Superstar opened in 1972, running for an impressive eight years until 1980. The ever popular Les Miserables opened at the Palace Theatre in 1985 and ran for an impressive nineteen years before transferring to Queen’s Theatre in 2004, where it remains today as the world’s longest-running musical. From March 2009, the large, glittery shoe of Priscilla Queen of the Desert greeted those who entered the Palace Theatre, with the musical playing its final performance on New Year’s Eve 2011. Priscilla was followed by Singin’ In The Rain which impressed audiences for a year from 2012 until June 8th 2013. Derren Brown’s popular show Infamous ran at the Palace Theatre between June 24th and August 17th 2013. In 2013, Roddy Doyle’s musical The Commitments opened on 21st September 2013, closing on 1st November 2015. Following the closure of The Commitments in November, Derren Brown returned to the Palace Theatre with his new smash-hit show, Miracle. Following Brown, comedian Eddie Izzard presented a four week show for the first time in the West End. Force Majeure Reloaded began on January 18th 2015, quickly selling out and extending for a further two weeks. For the beginning of 2016, the Palace Theatre has gone dark for the first time, awaiting the arrival of the already sold-out play Harry Potter and the Cursed Child . Opening in July 2016, this is the latest in the Harry Potter series and being already sold-out, it is uncertain when or if this show will end! Access and Facilities	Music at Torrey Pines High School - StudyBlue StudyBlue Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun (Achille-)Claude Debussy The Carnival of the Animals (Charles-)Camille Saint-Saëns The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra (Edward) Benjamin Britten Mass in Time of War (Franz) Joseph Haydn Symphony No. 104 in D major, “London” (Franz) Joseph Haydn (Franz) Joseph Haydn (commonly attributed) Leopold Mozart (now believed) St. Paul Violin Concerto in E Minor (Jakob Ludwig) Felix Mendelssohn(-Bartholdy) The Child and the Enchantments (Joseph-)Maurice Ravel Piano Concerto for the Left Hand (Joseph-)Maurice Ravel Pavane for a Dead Princess (Joseph-)Maurice Ravel (Louis-)Hector Berlioz & Léon de Wailly and Henri Auguste Barbier Ride of the Valkyries The Twilight of the Gods (Wilhelm) Richard Wagner The Ring of the Nibelung (Wilhelm) Richard Wagner Symphony for Organ and Orchestra Aaron Copland Fanfare for the Common Man Aaron Copland Take a Chance On Me ABBA And God created great whales Alan Hovhaness I Wonder What the King is Doing Tonight Alan Jay & Frederick Loewe Lerner Little Shop of Horrors In the Steppes of Central Asia Alexandr (Porfiryevich) Borodin I Don't Know How to Love Him Andrew Lloyd Webber Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat Andrew Lloyd Webber The Phantom of the Opera Andrew Lloyd Webber Don't Cry for Me, Argentina Andrew Lloyd Webber (music) Tim Rice (lyrics) Te Deum Symphony No. 9, “From the New World” Antonín (Leopold) Dvorák The Contest Between Harmony and Invention Antonio Vivaldi Three Little Maids from School Arthur Sullivan (music) Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) Savoy operas Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) Princess Ida Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) Iolanthe Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) Patience Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) Trial by Jury Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) HMS Pinafore Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) The Mikado Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) The Pirates of Penzance Arthur Sullivan (music) W(illiam) S(chwenk) Gilbert (lyrics) Tabula Rasa Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta Béla (Viktor János) Bartók Bjorn Ulvaeus and Benny Andersson & Tim Rice (lyrics) In the Zone Funeral March of a Marionette Charles Gounod Central Park in the Dark Charles Ives Piano Sonata No. 2, “Concord, Mass., 1840-1860” Charles Ives Three Places in New England Charles Ives Charles Strouse (music) Martin Charnin (lyrics) Voice of an Angel Claude-Michel Schönberg (music) Alain Boublil (French lyrics) and Richard Maltby Jr. (English lyrics) Les Misérables Claude-Michel Schönberg (music) Alain Boublil (lyrics) The Return of Ulysses A Rush of Blood to the Head Coldplay I Get a Kick out of You Cole (Albert) Porter Cole (Albert) Porter (music and lyrics) Kiss Me Kate Cole (Albert) Porter (music and lyrics) Bella and Sam Spewack (libretto) The Creation of the World Darius Milhaud Blue Rondo A La Turk Dave Brubeck Dave Brubeck & Paul Desmond (words) Everyday Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District Dmitri (Dmitriyevich) Shostakovich Symphony No. 13, “Babi Yar” Dmitri (Dmitriyevich) Shostakovich Duncan Sheik (music) Steven Sater (book and lyrics) Undine Piano Concerto in A Minor Edvard (Hagerup) Grieg In the Hall of the Mountain King Edvard (Hagerup) Grieg Land of Hope and Glory Edward (William) Elgar Elton John (music) Tim Rice (lyrics) Encore Three Pieces in the Shape of A Pear Erik (Alfred Leslie) Satie From Under the Cork Tree Fall Out Boy The Dialogues of the Carmelites Francis Poulenc The Fair Maid of the Mill Franz (Peter) Schubert Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel Franz (Peter) Schubert On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring Frederick Delius Frederick Loewe & Alan Jay Lerner (lyrics/libretto) Camelot Frederick Loewe (music) Alan Jay Lerner (lyrics) Fauré Requiem The Daughter of the Regiment Gaetano Donizetti (music) V. de Saint-Georges and F. Bayard (libretto) Hair George Abbott, Jero	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,503,174	Which river flows through what is known in English as 'The Iron Gate', the deepest gorge in Europe?	Geography of Europe A-Z - Q-files Encyclopedia Geography of Europe A-Z Geography of Europe A-Z Aegean Sea Part of the Mediterranean Sea that lies between Turkey and Greece . Alps A mountain range stretching from the Mediterranean coast of France to Central Europe . The highest peak is Mont Blanc in France, which is 4810 metres (15,781 feet) high. Apennines A mountain range stretching nearly 1400 kilometres (875 miles) down the centre of the Italian Peninsula . Athens The capital of Greece . At the heart of the city is the flat-topped Acropolis , where the remains of several ancient temples stand. Balaton, Lake The largest lake in Central Europe , also known as the Hungarian Sea. Balkan Mountains A mountain range that stretches 550 kilometres (340 miles) across Bulgaria to the Black Sea. Its highest point is Botev Peak, which is 2376 metres (7795 feet) high. Baltic Sea Part of the Atlantic Ocean enclosed by the Scandinavian Peninsula and mainland Europe. Berlin The capital of Germany , in the east of the country. It was once divided into East and West by the Berlin Wall , which came down in 1989. Black Sea A sea almost completely enclosed by Eastern Europe , Russia , Georgia and Turkey . Bosporus A narrow channel of water that divides Europe and Asia and connects the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. British Isles The group of islands off the northwestern coast of Europe. They include Britain , Ireland and other small island groups. Brussels The capital of Belgium and the European Union . Bucharest The capital of Romania . Once known as the “Paris of the East” because of its French-style architecture, today it is a major centre of industry. Budapest The capital of Hungary , situated on the banks of the River Danube. It is Europe’s largest spa town, with more than 100 natural hot springs. Carpathian Mountains The second longest mountain range in Europe , stretching over 1500 kilometres (930 miles) from the Czech Republic to the Iron Gate. Its highest point is Gerlach Peak in Slovenia , which is 2655 metres (8709 feet) high. Caucasus Mountains A mountain range stretching 1100 kilometres (680 miles) from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea. The highest point in the Caucasus is Europe’s highest mountain, Mount Elbrus, which is 5664 metres (18,582 feet) high. Danube The second longest river in Europe, flowing 2860 kilometres (1777 miles) from western Germany to the Black Sea in Ukraine . Dardanelles A narrow body of water in northwest Turkey linking the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara. Dinarides A mountain range spanning 645 kilometres (400 miles) from Croatia to Montenegro . Its highest point is Maja Jezercë in Albania , which is 2694 metres (8839 feet) high. Dnieper A river that flows 2145 kilometres (1333 miles) from Russia , through Belarus and Ukraine , to the Black Sea. English Channel Part of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Great Britain from mainland Europe. At its narrowest point, it is only 34 kilometres (21 miles) wide. Gibraltar, Strait of A narrow strait, measuring just 14.3 kilometres (8.8 miles) at its narrowest point, that connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean, separating Spain in Europe from Morocco in Africa. It is named after the Rock of Gibraltar, which comes from the Arabic, Jebel Tariq ("Tariq's Mountain"). Iberian Peninsula Part of southwestern Europe that separates the Atlantic Ocean from the Mediterranean. It is shared by Spain and Portugal . Iron Gate A deep gorge through which the River Danube flows. It forms part of the Romanian – Serbian border. Isthmus of Corinth A strip of land joining the Peloponnese Peninsula to mainland Greece . It is cut across by the Corinth Canal . Italian Peninsula A boot-shaped area of land bordered by the Mediterranean Sea on three sides. Kiev The capital of Ukraine and one of the largest cities in Eastern Europe, with a population of 2.8 million. Lapland A region stretching across Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. It is home to the Sami people, once known as Lapps or Laplanders	10 Rivers that flow through Europe's Capital Cities - 10 Most Today Leisure & Travel Below is a list of 10 rivers that flow through capital cities in Europe 1. River Thames, London , England – The River Thames flows through London and London’s major attractions are situated right along the banks of the river, such as the Big Ben and Westminster Palace, the Tower Bridge and Tower of London and the London Eye River Thames, London, England 2. The Seine, Paris , France – The Seine flows through Paris and a boat tour of the Seine River is considered one of the best attractions of Paris . A romantic activity in the most romantic destinations in the world. What else do you need? Another romantic activity is to put a love lock on the Pont des Arts Bridge over the Seine The Seine, Paris. Picture taken from the Eiffel Tower 3. The Tiber, Rome , Italy – The history of Rome relates to the Tiber River which flows through the heart of the city, and very close to Vatican City The Tiber and Vatican City, Rome, Italy 4. River Liffey, Dublin , Ireland – The Liffey river supplies much of Dublin’s water, and is also used for recreational purposes. The Temple Bar area lies on the south bank of the Liffey River Liffey, Dublin, Ireland 5. The Danube, Budapest , Hungary – The Danube is the second longest river in Europe, after the Volga. It is 2,872 km (1,785 mi) long and flows through 4 capital cities: Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest and Belgrade. Budapest is the largest city on the Danube and is actually the unification of two parts on both banks of the Danube – Buda on the west bank and Pest on the east bank. They were unified to a single city in 1873 The Danube, Budapest, Hungary The Danube, Budapest, Hungary 6. Moskva River (Moscow River), Moscow , Russia – The Moskva river is 503 km (313 mi) long and flows through Moscow. The Kremlin is situated on the bank of the river Moskva River, Moscow. Picture taken from within the Kremlin 7. The Amstel, Amsterdam , the Netherlands – Amsterdam has countless artificial canals, but the Amstel river is flows naturally through the city The Amstel, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 8. Spree River, Berlin , Germany – The Spree river flows through the German states of Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin. It also flows through the Czech Republic. In Berlin itself, it passes very close to main attractions of Berlin in the heart of the city, such as Brandenburg Gate and the Reichstag Spree River and the Berlin TV Tower, Berlin 9. Vltava River, Prague, Czech Republic – The Vltava river is the longest river in the Czech Republic. In Prague, it flows under Charles Bridge – one of the most famous bridges in the world , and just a short walking distance away from the river is the Old Town Square in Prague , one of the most famous city squares in the world Charles Bridge and Vltava river, Prague 10. Manzanares River, Madrid, Spain – In a way, the city of Madrid was founded thanks to the Manzanares river, as the city was first founded as a citadel overlooking the river by the Moors in the 9th century Manzanares River, Madrid	trivia_qa.jsonl

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