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1,505,275	Starring Christian Bale and released in 2009, what is the title of the fourth film in the 'Terminator' series?	Terminator Salvation (2009) Movie Review - YouTube Terminator Salvation (2009) Movie Review Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jul 19, 2015 Terminator Salvation is a 2009 American science fiction action film directed by McG and starring Christian Bale and Sam Worthington. It is the fourth installment of the Terminator film series. In a departure from the previous installments, which were set between 1984 and 2004 and used time travel as a key plot element, Salvation is set in the year 2018 and focuses on the war between Skynet machines and humanity, with the human Resistance fighting against Skynet's killing machines. Bale portrays John Connor, Resistance fighter and central character to the franchise, while Worthington portrays cyborg Marcus Wright. Terminator Salvation also featured Anton Yelchin as a young Kyle Reese, a character first introduced in The Terminator, and the film depicts the origin of the T-800 Model 101 Terminator. After a troubled pre-production, with The Halcyon Company acquiring the rights for the franchise from Andrew G. Vajna and Mario Kassar and several writers working on the screenplay, filming began in May 2008 in New Mexico and ran for 77 days. Terminator Salvation was released on May 21, 2009 in the United States and Canada, followed by early June releases in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. Warner Bros. handled the North American release while Columbia Pictures handled the international release. The film grossed over $371 million worldwide. Category	Puzzles - Coffeetime Triv (Sat) 1: Who played Basil Fawlty in `Fawlty Towers`? 2: Who had a hit single with `Crocodile Rock` in 1972? 3: Who is the author of the `Harry Potter` books? 4: What is the name of the clockwork device used by musicians to measure time? 5: `Question or Nominate` was a phrase commonly heard on which UK TV quiz show? 6: Which two colours are Dennis the Menace`s jumper? 7: In which film did Roy Scheider play a sheriff and Richard Dreyfus a marine biologist? 8: The name of which (non-UK) football club is an anagram of `Red Admiral`? 9: In 2004, Fathers 4 Justice campaigner Jason Hatch caused an embarrassing security breach at Buckingham Palace dressed as who? 10: The Colosseum is located in the capital city of which country? 1: Who played Basil Fawlty in `Fawlty Towers`? John Cleese 2: Who had a hit single with `Crocodile Rock` in 1972? Elton John 3: Who is the author of the `Harry Potter` books? J.K.Rowling 4: What is the name of the clockwork device used by musicians to measure time? A metronome 6: Which two colours are Dennis the Menace`s jumper? Red and black 8: The name of which (non-UK) football club is an anagram of `Red Admiral`? Real Madrid Wow! I got a footie and an anagram question. I'm going to need to lie down! 9: In 2004, Fathers 4 Justice campaigner Jason Hatch caused an embarrassing security breach at Buckingham Palace dressed as who? Batman? 10: The Colosseum is located in the capital city of which country? Italy 5: `Question or Nominate` was a phrase commonly heard on which UK TV quiz show? 15 to 1 Patience, so you did. Well done all three of you only one missing is 7: and 'Marine Biologist' (the new wannabe career for Britain's 6th-formers) might have given it to you - the fiilm was Jaws	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,276	In the 2015 Cricket Test Series between England and New Zealand, which batsman scored the first century?	Stats analysis: Battle of the new-ball attacks \| Cricket \| ESPN Cricinfo New Zealand in England 2015 May 20, 2015 Battle of the new-ball attacks Stats preview for the Test series between England and New Zealand 5 Both Trent Boult and Tim Southee have bowling averages of less than 25 in Tests in the last 18 months © Getty Images In home Test series against New Zealand, England's dominance has been emphatic - out of 16 series , they've won 13, lost just two, and drawn one. They've won seven of their last eight home Tests against New Zealand. Despite that one-sided history, New Zealand will go into the two-Test series as slight favourites, on paper at least: they're currently ranked No. 3 in the ICC Test rankings, two places above England, and have also had a much better recent run. Since November 2013, England have a 4-8 record in Tests - the defeats include a 5-0 whitewash in Australia, a home series loss against Sri Lanka, and a drawn series in the West Indies. In the same period, New Zealand have an 8-2 record - their win-loss ratio is the best among all teams in these 18 months: they've beaten West Indies home and away, won home series against India and Sri Lanka, and drawn in the UAE against Pakistan. Those recent numbers look overwhelmingly in favour of New Zealand, but a closer look reveals that most of England's defeats have come overseas - they are 3-2 at home during this period - while New Zealand have mostly won at home - they are 3-2 in away Tests. Given that England have the advantage of home conditions - and New Zealand haven't had the ideal preparation for a Test series - there may not be that much to choose between the two teams. Teams in Tests since Nov 2013 Team 41.25 New Zealand's batting resurgence The batting and bowling averages for the two teams indicate that New Zealand's batsmen have made the biggest difference to the team during this period. They've averaged more than 40 runs per wicket, and put up enough runs on the board for the bowlers to then take over. In 13 Tests, New Zealand's batsmen have scored 20 centuries, compared to 14 hundreds in 15 Tests by England's batsmen. Three of New Zealand's batsmen - Brendon McCullum, Ross Taylor and Kane Williamson - have contributed 14 of those 20 centuries, and they've all averaged more than 58 in these 18 months. Their form will be key for New Zealand again, even though others like BJ Watling and Tom Latham have also made crucial contributions. England's batting stars have been Joe Root and Gary Ballance - between them, they've made eight of the team's 14 hundreds, and average more than 60. However, the lack of big runs for Alastair Cook and Ian Bell has hurt the team badly: both have averaged less than 36. Cook, though, showed some return to form in the West Indies with a century and two fifties in six innings, which only augurs well for the summer ahead. England batsmen in Tests since Nov 2013 Player 1 The new-ball contest The bowling numbers for the two teams are much closer over the last 18 months and, in familiar home conditions, England could well have an edge there. James Anderson has averaged less than 25 during this period, and his average in home Tests since 2010 is 23.60: he has 146 wickets in 31 games during this period. Stuart Broad's recent form is impressive too, but New Zealand have their own trump cards in Trent Boult and Tim Southee, who both average less than 25 in the last 18 months. The battle between these two pairs of new-ball bowlers could well be the key contest in the series England bowlers in Tests since Nov 2013 Player 55.2 The head-to-head battles Anderson and Broad also have pretty good records against New Zealand's top three batsmen. Broad, especially, has had plenty of success against Taylor and McCullum, who've both handled Anderson a lot better. On the other hand, England's three top batsmen have had mixed success against Boult and Southee. Cook has struggled against Boult, but has faced 264 balls from Southee without being dismissed. Bell has faced 154 deliveries from Boult without being dismissed, but has fallen t	CRICKET PLAYERS & NICKNAMES ... endless! by Chinaroad Australia's 1948 tour of England ï¿½ The Invincibles Australian national cricket team ï¿½ Baggy Greens Bangladeshi national cricket team ï¿½ The Tigers Canadian national cricket team ï¿½ One Man Band New Zealand national cricket team ï¿½ The Black Caps, The Kiwis South African national cricket team ï¿½ The Proteas West Indian national cricket team ï¿½ The Windies, The Calypsos Indian national cricket team ï¿½ The Men in Blue Pakistani national cricket teamï¿½ The Stars Officials, umpires and commentators Harold Bird ï¿½ Dickie Bird Henry Blofeld ï¿½ Blowers Brent Bowden ï¿½ Billy Steve Bucknor ï¿½ Slow Death Bill Ferguson ï¿½ Fergie Bill Frindall ï¿½ The Bearded Wonder Brian Johnston ï¿½ Johnners Christopher Martin-Jenkins ï¿½ CMJ Don Mosey ï¿½ The Alderman David Shepherd ï¿½ Shep Bryan Waddle ï¿½ Wads Players Bobby Abel ï¿½ The Guv'nor Jimmy Adams ï¿½ Padams Paul Adams ï¿½ Gogga ("insect" in Afrikaans), A frog in a blender (for his unusual bowling action) Ajit Agarkar ï¿½ Bombay Duck (for his horror streak of ducks against Australia) Jonathan Agnew ï¿½ Aggers Shoaib Akhtar ï¿½ Rawalpindi Express Wasim Akram ï¿½ Prince of Pakistan, Was, Sultan of Swing Terry Alderman ï¿½ Clem (after Clem Jones, mayor of Brisbane, curator of Gabba and an alderman) Mark Alleyne ï¿½ BooBoo Mohinder Amarnath ï¿½ Jimmy, Amarnought Surinder Amarnath ï¿½ Tommy Warwick Armstrong ï¿½ the Big Ship Jason Arnberger ï¿½ Cheesy Geoff Arnold ï¿½ Horse Shahid Afridi ï¿½ The Boom Michael Atherton ï¿½ Athers B Trevor Bailey ï¿½ The Boil, Barnacle Omari Banks ï¿½ Bankie, Cowheb Richie Benaud ï¿½ Diamonds Tino Best ï¿½ The Best, Ntini Michael Bevan ï¿½ Bevvo Andrew Bichel ï¿½ Bic Jack Blackham ï¿½ Black Jack David Boon ï¿½ Boonie, Keg on Legs, Stumpy Allan Border ï¿½ A.B., Captain Grumpy Ian Botham ï¿½ Beefy,The Both,Guy Mark Boucher ï¿½ Guinness, Billy Nicky Boje ï¿½ Bodge Nathan Bracken ï¿½ Bracks Don Bradman ï¿½ The Don Ian Bell ï¿½ Belly, the team baby C Andy Caddick ï¿½ Caddyshack Chris Cairns ï¿½ B.A. (Bad Attitude) Shivnarine Chanderpaul ï¿½ Tiger Ian Chappell ï¿½ Chapelli Ewen Chatfield ï¿½ Chats, Farmer (Mer) or The Naenae Express Stuart Clark ï¿½ Sarfraz, Stu Michael Clarke ï¿½ Pup Paul Collingwood ï¿½ Nice Ginger, Colly Herbie Collins ï¿½ Horseshoe Corey Collymore ï¿½ Screw Jeremy Coney ï¿½ Mantis Colin Cowdrey ï¿½ Kipper Jeff Crowe ï¿½ Chopper Martin Crowe ï¿½ Hogan D Adam Dale ï¿½ Chipper Joe Darling ï¿½ Paddy Phillip DeFreitas ï¿½ Half-Chocolate, Daffy Aravinda de Silva ï¿½ Mad Max Fanie de Villiers ï¿½ Vinnige Fanie ("Fast Fanie" in Afrikaans) Kapil Dev ï¿½ The Haryana Express Mahendra Singh Dhoni ï¿½ Mahi Graham Dilley ï¿½ Pica Boeta Dippenaar ï¿½ Dipps Allan Donald ï¿½ White Lightning Brett Dorey ï¿½ Hunky, John J.W.H.T. Douglas ï¿½ Johnny Won't Hit Today Rahul Dravid ï¿½ Jammy, The Wall E Bruce Edgar ï¿½ Bootsy F Damien Fleming ï¿½ Flemo Stephen Fleming ï¿½ Flange Duncan Fletcher ï¿½ Fletch Keith Fletcher ï¿½ The Gnome of Essex Andrew Flintoff ï¿½ Freddy, Twiggy, Fred, family man James Foster ï¿½ The Child Graeme Fowler ï¿½ Foxy C. B. Fry ï¿½ Lord Oxford, Charles III, Almighty G Saurav Ganguly ï¿½ Maharaj, Prince of Calcutta, Dada, Bengal Tiger Joel Garner ï¿½ Big Bird Sunil Gavaskar ï¿½ Sunny, The Little Master Chris Gayle ï¿½ Cramps, Crampy Herschelle Gibbs ï¿½ Scooter, The Sack Man Adam Gilchrist ï¿½ Churchy, Gilly, The Demolition Man Ashley Giles ï¿½ Ash, the King of Spain Jason Gillespie ï¿½ Dizzy Darren Gough ï¿½ Rhino, Goughy, the Dazzler, Dancing Darren E. M. Grace ï¿½ The Coroner W.G. Grace ï¿½ The Doctor Mark Greatbatch ï¿½ Paddy Clarrie Grimmett ï¿½ The Old Fox, Grum Subhash Gupte ï¿½ Fergie H Brad Haddin ï¿½ BJ, Harry, Guildo Richard Hadlee ï¿½ Paddles Andrew Hall ï¿½ Brosh, Merv, Hally Stephen Harmison ï¿½ Harmy (or Harmi), Tinker, GBH (Grievous Bodily Harmison) Chris Harris ï¿½ Harry, Lugs Ian Harvey ï¿½ Freak Nathan Hauritz ï¿½ Horry Matthew Hayden ï¿½ Haydos, Unit	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,277	What did Sir Francis Drake's ship, the Golden Hind, achieve from 1577 to 1580 ?	The life of Sir Francis Drake By Ben Johnson \| Comments Sir Francis Drake – to the Spanish, a wayward pirate; to the English, a hero. He could be considered a morally dubious hero in many ways, perhaps even a villain, but was still incredibly influential in Tudor times . Drake (c. 1540 - 1596) was born the eldest of 12 sons, in Tavistock, Devon . His father, Edmund Drake, was a farmer and preacher. The family later moved to Kent , where they lived in an old ship and it was there that his fascination with sailing began. The reason for the move is not entirely certain: the Prayer Book Rebellion of 1549 angered Catholics, who could have then made it difficult for Drake’s Protestant family, or it may be that Edmund was involved in petty crime. Francis had a trading ship left to him by his apprenticeship boss at the age of 20, which was perhaps the catalyst for his historic naval achievements. During the Elizabethan period (1558-1603) of Tudor England, the country’s population was growing, and the desire for power and to explore was increasing. Religion and politics were dominant forces. Queen Elizabeth I was eager to follow in Spain and Portugal’s explorative footsteps - they were travelling the globe, to the Americas, benefitting from slavery and setting up important trade routes. Francis Drake was key to gaining much of England’s riches and naval successes, however morally corrupt his actions were! He would attack Spanish vessels, taking the treasure that they had brought back from abroad, and would raid Spanish and Portuguese ports. Walter Raleigh/Ralegh was a distant relative of Drake, famous for many things including writing and expedition. He contributed to the colonisation of the New World. Exploration was obviously in their genes! To the Spanish, ‘El Draque’ (The Dragon) was a wayward pirate, a threat to their voyages. The king of Spain and Portugal, King Philip II was said to have offered the huge sum of 20,000 ducats (£4 million) for Drake’s life. Drake was definitely not popular! Although vital to the British government and the Queen herself, even the English people were somewhat divided in their view of Drake. Some admired his achievements and courage, whilst others resented him. Drake and his second cousin, Richard Hawkins, led one of the first slavery trips to West Africa in 1567. It was illegal in English law to capture people and transport them, but in those days it was perceived as ok if they were slaves, non-protestants or criminals! They were attacked by Spanish vessels and only two of the six British ships survived (those led by Drake and Hawkins themselves). This, as well as other factors, contributed to fuelling the animosity between Spain and England, leading up to the war in 1585 and subsequent Armada. Queen Elizabeth I had obvious faith in Drake – in 1572 she enlisted Drake as a privateer (pirate working for the head of a country) to sail to the Americas. Her minister, Lord Burghley, was not at all fond of Drake’s villainous behaviour, but did concede that he was a good weapon against the Spanish. Queen Elizabeth had to maintain a public attitude of disapproval for his unlawful methods, to try and prevent hostile relations with Spain. She did approve of the treasure he returned with though! Magellan led the first voyage round the world, but Drake was next, the first Englishman to achieve this. The trip lasted 3 years from 1577-1580. He led the trip alongside Jon Winter and Thomas Doughty, the latter secretly appointed by Queen Elizabeth I. In 1578, though, Drake would accuse poor Doughty of witchcraft! This led to his beheading on 2nd July for mutiny and treason. Drake left Plymouth on 13th December, 1577 on board the Pelican, after a delay due to bad weather. There were six ships in total heading for the Pacific coast of America. On arrival in America, Drake feared the fleet splitting up, so ordered two ships to be destroyed. A replica of Drake's ship 'Golden Hind' in Brixham harbour They then sailed to Brazil, and successfully navigated the notoriously difficult Strait of Magellan in 1578. He	The Spanish Armada Museums The Spanish Armada The spectacular but unsuccessful attempt by King Philip II of Spain to invade Elizabethan England in 1588. The Armada is for the English the classic foreign threat to their country and a powerful icon of national identity. The English Fleet gives battle to the Spanish Armada: A Spanish galeas occupies the foreground, an English “race” galleon to her left and right. English ships carry the red cross of St George on a white background: Spanish Armada June to September 1588: click here to buy this picture The previous battle in the British Battles series is the Battle of Flodden The next battle in the British Battles series is the Battle of Edgehill Battle: The Spanish Armada. Date: June to September 1588. Area of the Armada campaign: The English Channel, the North Sea and the seas around the North and West of Scotland, the Orkneys and the West of Ireland. Combatants in the Armada campaign: The Armada (Spanish for “Fleet”), manned by Spaniards, Portuguese, Italians, Germans, Dutch, Flemings, Irish and English against the English Fleet assisted by the Dutch Fleet. Commanders in the Armada campaign: Spanish commanders were the Duke of Medina Sidonia and the Duke of Parma against the English commanders Lord Howard of Effingham, High Admiral of England, Sir John Hawkins, Sir Martin Frobisher, Sir Francis Drake, Lord Henry Seymour and Sir William Winter. The Armada June to September 1588: Lord Howard in the Ark attacks San Martin, flagship of the Duke of Medina Sidonia. Both ships carry the red cross on the white background, the crusader symbol and the symbol of St George: click here to buy this picture Size of the navies in the Armada campaign: The Spanish Armada sailed with around 160 ships. The English mobilised up to 200 ships in the Channel. Unknown numbers of Dutch vessels harassed and attacked the Armada and hemmed the Duke of Parma’s forces into their harbour of Dunkirk. Ships, organization, tactics and equipment: The descent of the Spanish Armada on England in 1588 ocurred at a time of profound change in sea warfare. The Spanish represented the old tradition while the English fought with a new design of warship and new tactics. In medieval warfare at sea soldiers added castles to the merchant trading vessel at the front and the rear (fore castle and after castle) and at the top of the mast and fought their fleets as if on land, discharging arrows and handguns, boarding the enemy ships and conducting hand to hand fighting. The ships incorporated by the Spanish in the Armada represented this tradition. The main Spanish vessels were galleons, sailing ships that rode high out of the water with towering fore and after castles from which handheld firearms were discharged; while the crews grappled the enemy ships so that soldiers could board and capture them. Their height and broad beam made these ships awkward to sail. English captains, particularly John Hawkins and Francis Drake, inspired a new form of ship for the Queen’s Navy, the “race ship”, of which around 25 were built. Lower in the water, with a long prow and much reduced fore and after castles, these sleek ships carried more sophisticated forms of rigging, enabling them to sail closer to the wind, making them faster and more manoeuvrable than the Spanish ships. England had no standing army, so her naval vessels were crewed by sailors alone. English fighting ships relied increasingly on gunnery rather than boarding to defeat an enemy. The route of the Spanish Armada in 1588, up the Channel into the North Sea, North About into the Atlantic and down the west coast of Ireland. The map shows the known wrecks of Armada ships. Of the 120 ships in the Armada half were lost many just disappearing. The map shows the sites of the engagements between the Armada and the English Fleet at Eddystone, Portland, Isle of Wight, Calais and Gravelines. Of the Armada’s complement of 30,000 soldiers and sailors 20,000 were lost: map by John Fawkes Initially the English attempted to disable the Armada ships with long range gunfire. This form o	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,278	Who is the father of the modern country of Turkey?	Turkey - History History Turkey Table of Contents TURKEY IS A NEW COUNTRY in an old land. The modern Turkish state--beginning with the creation of the Republic of Turkey in the years immediately after World War I--drew on a national consciousness that had developed only in the late nineteenth century. But the history of nomadic Turkish tribes can be traced with certainty to the sixth century A.D., when they wandered the steppes of central Asia. Asia Minor, which the Turks invaded in the eleventh century, has a recorded history that dates back to the Hittites, who flourished there in the second millennium B.C. Archaeological evidence of far older cultures has been found in the region, however. The term Turkey , although sometimes used to signify the Ottoman Empire, was not assigned to a specific political entity or geographic area until the republic was founded in 1923. The conquering Turks called Asia Minor, the large peninsular territory they had wrested from the Byzantine Empire, by its Greek name, Anatol� (sunrise; figuratively, the East), or Anatolia. The term Anatolia is also used when events described affected both that region and Turkish Thrace ("Turkey-in-Europe") because of the two areas' closely linked political, social, and cultural development. Anatolia is a bridge connecting the Middle East and Europe, and it shares in the history of both those parts of the world. Despite the diversity of its peoples and their cultures, and the constantly shifting borders of its ethnic map, Anatolia has a history characterized by remarkable continuity. Wave after wave of conquerors and settlers have imposed their language and other unique features of their culture on it, but they also have invariably assimilated the customs of the peoples who preceded them. The history of Turkey encompasses, first, the history of Anatolia before the coming of the Turks and of the civilizations--Hittite, Thracian, Hellenistic, and Byzantine--of which the Turkish nation is the heir by assimilation or example. Second, it includes the history of the Turkish peoples, including the Seljuks, who brought Islam and the Turkish language to Anatolia. Third, it is the history of the Ottoman Empire, a vast, cosmopolitan, pan-Islamic state that developed from a small Turkish amirate in Anatolia and that for centuries was a world power. Finally, Turkey's history is that of the republic established in 1923 under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal (1881-1938), called Atat�rk--the "Father Turk." The creation of the new republic in the heartland of the old Islamic empire was achieved in the face of internal traditionalist opposition and foreign intervention. Atat�rk's goal was to build on the ruins of Ottoman Turkey a new country and society patterned directly on Western Europe. He equated Westernization with the introduction of technology, the modernization of administration, and the evolution of democratic institutions. The Turkish horsemen who stormed into Anatolia in the eleventh century were called gazis (warriors of the faith), but they followed their tribal leaders to win booty and to take land as well as to spread Islam. The Ottoman Empire, built on the conquests of the gazis , was Islamic but not specifically Turkish. Engendered in reaction to this Ottoman universalism, early Turkish nationalism was often pan-Turanian, envisioning a common destiny for all Turkic-speaking peoples. By contrast, Atat�rk narrowed the focus of his nationalism to the Turks of Turkey. Under his influence, twentieth-century Turkish historiography bypassed the Islamic Ottoman period to link the Turkish nation with ancient Anatolia in such a way that the Hittites, for instance, were recognized as	Gul elected as Turkish president \| World news \| The Guardian Turkey Gul elected as Turkish president The new Turkish president, Abdullah Gul (left) with the prime minister, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, earlier this year. Photograph: AP Tuesday 28 August 2007 10.35 EDT First published on Tuesday 28 August 2007 10.35 EDT Share on Messenger Close The Turkish parliament today elected the foreign minister, Abdullah Gul, as president, making him the first former Islamist to hold the post. Mr Gul had failed in the previous two round of voting when a two-thirds majority was needed. This time, only a simple majority was required - and the presidency was his after he received 339 votes in the 550-seat chamber. As the president, Mr Gul has the power to veto legislation. He has failed to allay secularist fears that he would sign into law any legislation passed by the government of the prime minister, Recep Tayyip Erdogan - a close ally - without concern for the separation of religion and politics. Distrusted by the military because of his Islamist past, 56-year-old Mr Gul has promised to uphold secularism. Turkey's secularists also dislike the fact that his wife, Hayrunisa Ozyurt, wears an Islamic-style headscarf - banned in government offices and schools. Islamic dress has been restricted in Turkey since the country's first president, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, imposed secularism and western-style reforms in the 30s. "A person who has defied the [secular] republic, who has said he finds it to be wrong, is about to move to the top of the state. This is a contradiction," Deniz Baykal, the leader of the secular opposition, said. Mr Baykal's party has vowed to boycott some state occasions, including presidential ceremonies. Secularist Turks staged mass rallies, and the military - which has overthrown four governments since the 60s - threatened to intervene when Mr Erdogan nominated Mr Gul for the presidency in April. Mr Erdogan broke the political deadlock by calling early general elections, which the ruling Justice and Development party (AKP) won easily last month. After the AKP's sweeping victory, in which it gained 341 seats, Mr Erdogan again put Mr Gul's name forward on the grounds that the AKP had won a mandate. Mr Gul rejected calls from secularist parties to step aside in favour of a non-Islamist, compromise candidate. "It was a vote on my candidacy," he said of the general elections. "I had to be honest to myself and to all the people who voted for us." As foreign minister, Mr Gul won widespread respect from his fellow Europeans in negotiations for Turkey's membership of the EU. He served briefly as prime minister when the AKP first swept to power in November 2002, when Mr Erdogan was banned from national politics. In a recent meeting with foreign journalists, he said he would make use of his experiences as foreign minister to boost Turkey's EU bid and make the Turkish presidency more active on the international scene. He added that Turkey "would be contributing more to world issues".	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,279	What was the name of British singer Lulu’s 1960’s backing group?	LULU Biography Page LULU - The Biography Lulu was born Marie McDonald McLaughlin Lawrie, on November 3rd, 1948, the eldest of a family of four, in Lennox Castle, Lennoxtown, Glasgow - the daughter of a local butcher. She started singing almost immediately. She made her first public appearance singing at the tender age of 4 at a Coronation Party - "From then on, I used to go in for talent competitions on my own," she adds. At Whitehill School in Glasgow, she was always in trouble for singing during lessons. At the age of 14, Lulu joined a local group - The Gleneagles - and started playing club engagements in and around Glasgow and Edinburgh. Each Sunday evening, the group with Lulu in tow as lead singer, played at The Lindella Club - a Glasgow discotheque, for a pound a night each. On one particular cold Glaswegian evening at The Lindella, Lulu was discovered singing by Marion Massey, who later became her manager and mentor and who guided her to stardom. Says Lulu: "When I was fourteen, I was very lucky. I was discovered - to use a terrible term - by a person who was absolutely sincere. Since I was five, people had been coming up to me saying: 'Stick with me, baby, and I'll make you a star'. In fact, nobody ever did anything for me. Then Marion came along". And Marion takes up the story: "She (Lulu) looked so peculiar that first time I saw her. Her hair was in curlers underneath a fur beret. She had a terrible cold, was very pale and wore three jumpers. But I was very intrigued by her. It wasn't her singing; there was something tremendously magnetic about this girl. I knew she had the makings of a great star." She was right and set about proving it. Marion Massey signed Lulu and her group to a management contract and took them to London to record. But first she decided the time was right to change her protégée's name, and came up with the perfect answer: Marie McDonald McLaughlin Lawrie became Lulu. The group's name changed, too, from The Gleneagles to The Luvvers. In actual fact, Columbia (EMI) turned down Lulu and The Luvvers, the first record company they approached for a deal, but no matter. Within weeks, they were signed up by Decca and made their first single, 'Shout', a raw version of the old Isley Brothers US hit of 1959, which Lulu had enthused over when she heard Alex Harvey singing it several months before. Lulu's own handling of the song moved one eminent rock journalist to write: "It is still probably the best rock 'n' roll performance by a woman in the history of British pop." When it was released in the spring of 1964, it became a smash hit and launched Lulu on the road to stardom. 'Shout' went on to take the British Singles Chart by storm and finally reached No.7. What followed next, through 1964 and 1965, was an outstanding assault on the world's hit parades by the newly acclaimed singing star, with a succession of classic singles: 'Here Comes The Night', 'Leave A little Love' and 'Try To Understand' (all British Single Chart Hits). She consolidated her success with a string of top television and radio appearances, and concert engagements all over the country. It paid dividends, too. By the end of 1965, she was voted 'Britain's Most Promising Newcomer In Showbusiness' by the highly influential rock newspaper Melody Maker. It was the first of many honours. 1966 proved a memorable year in Lulu's career, although it was the year that finally saw her parting company from her backing band The Luvvers. Besides a hectic round of TV and radio appearances in Britain and Europe, she also undertook major concert tours; with The Hollies to Poland - to become the first British girl singing star - ever to perform behind the Iron Curtain - followed by a lengthy British tour with Roy Orbison and The Walker Brothers. She also switched record labels, too, from Decca to Columbia - ironically the company that turned her down two years before - and joined forces with producer Mickie Most, whose stable at that time included The Animals, Donovan, and Herman's Hermits. Lu	Blind Faith - Born Under a Bad Sign Blind Faith 1968 - 1969 Blind Faith - Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, Steve Winwood and Rick Grech - the second 'super-group' to be born after the break up of Cream. Blind Faith released their only album, Blind Faith, in August 1969. Born Under a Bad Sign Mojo Magasine - by Johnny Black IN THE EVENING COOL OF JUNE 6, 1969 , almost 7,000 people made their way to Hyde Park. where they slept under stars to be sure of the best places in the natural amphitheatre of The Cockpit for the public wetting of a baby’s head. The next morning dawned bright, and by lunchtime the weather was perfect for the 100,000 curious attendees of the christening. The baby had been born a shade prematurely but to proud parents. They’d named it Blind Faith. Mr Eric Clapton and Mr Steve Winwood had simply wanted to make something good together and their union had seemed a match made in heaven. The young couple, both recently divorced, got along famously, respected each other’s talents and, best of all, each supplied what the other had lacked in his previous relationship. Steve had the voice and keyboard talents while Eric had the guitar side pretty well taped. It should have been The Golden Child but, instead, it was Rosemary’s Baby. CLAPTON AND WINWOOD HAD KNOCKED AROUND together for years. While Clapton was still God, playing with John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers, he frequently turned out to jam with Winwood during The Spencer Davis Group’s Thursday night residency at London’s Marquee Club in 1966. The pair would also get together whenever possible at blues festivals and even appeared on record as Powerhouse, a short—lived studio—only combo which had contributed several tracks to What's Shakin', a blues-boom cash-in compilation. The possibility of working together in a full-time band, however, seemed remote. Mayall’s Bluesbreakers, The Yardbirds and Cream kept Clapton busy and, after the demise of The Spencer Davis Group, Winwood was more than fully occupied with Traffic. By the middle of 1968, however, neither man was happy with his lot. “In Cream , there was a constant battle between Ginger Baker and Jack Bruce,” explained Clapton later. “They loved each other’s playing, but they couldn’t stand the sight of each other. I was the mediator and I was getting tired of that.” And, when Clapton conveyed these feelings to the band’s manager, Robert Stigwood,the response was comforting. If Cream split, Stigwood assured him, Clapton was the one he would stick by. Even so, Clapton was not yet ready to quit. Cream had one foot in the grave but he felt the band might yet return to rude health if only Steve Winwood could he brought in on keyboards. “I’d heard the tapes of Music From Big Pink by The Band and I thought, this is what I want to play not extended solos and maestro bullshit but just good funky songs.” Clapton reasoned that Winwood’s presence might stabilise the group by adding an element of song composition and a shift of emphasis towards vocals, rather than the endless instrumental improvisation which Clapton now found so tiresome. But before Clapton could approach Winwood, the final nail was knocked into Cream’s coffin. “Rolling Stone called me ‘the master of the cliché’ which just about knocked me cold. At that point, I decided to leave Cream.” Destroying a hand because of the opinion of a single journalist might seem drastic, but Ginger Baker confirms that Rolling Stone was Clapton’s bible. "As soon as he got it, he would read it from cover to cover. From the day he saw that review he wanted to be in the background. He didn’t want to be the focus of attention any more.” By the time Cream played its farewell concerts at the Royal Albert Hall on November25 and 26, 1968, Clapton and Winwood had begun their first tentative steps towards working together. Although still a member of Traffic, Winwood spent that Christmas with Clapton at his home, Hurtwood Edge, where they jammed long into the night. “When I left Traffic in January, I knew I was going to work with Eric,” says Winwood.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,280	Having held the position since 1992, Paul Dacre is the editor of which daily newspaper?	Britain’s best connected man? Mail on Sunday editor Geordie Greig on Hugh Grant, Paul Dacre and the Johnsons – Press Gazette 0 In 2005, The Observer dubbed Geordie Greig “Britain’s best-connected man”. Then, as editor of society magazine Tatler, it was a useful tag to have. Now, as editor of The Mail on Sunday, it may be less welcome. Renowned for being one of the UK’s fiercest newspapers, Greig says he is determined to retain its “mischief, fearlessness [and] groundbreaking reporting”. Can he do this while retaining friendships and contacts? He thinks so: “You use every connection you can to try and bring in the best things for the paper. Everyone’s contacts book is a useful tool to bring in stories. From the junior reporter to the editor, everyone should use them.” And Greig, in his first interview since taking over at the MoS, insists that having important, powerful contacts doesn’t damage his ability to hold people to account. “News has a way of being a brute force which overrides connections and friendships – it is a tidal wave which generally no one can stop. I’m sure there are inevitably stories that when written people get cross. “That’s what newspapers do. It is shining lights on the doings of powerful people. Powerful people don’t often like lights being shone at them. But it’s a necessary requirement for a free and democratic country to have a press which is unfettered.” As an example, Greig highlights his relationship with Hugh Grant, one of the first people he met when starting at Oxford University. Earlier this year the MoS got in touch with the actor to ask him about the birth of his second child, something Grant had not been keen to publicise. “It was one of those things which was pretty testing at the time. Imagine you ring up someone you’ve known for ages and say, listen, I’m going to do a story about [this],” Greig says. “But, actually, as long as you’re straight, it’s fine.” The pair also have their political differences. While Grant fronts Hacked Off, Greig strongly opposes its stance. (To add to this mini-drama, Grant has also previously accused the pre-Greig Mail on Sunday of phone-hacking – and Mail editor-in-chief Paul Dacre later said Grant had been spreading “mendacious smears”.) The MoS, like other newspapers, will be keeping a particularly close eye on press regulation ahead of the next general election. It’s “incredibly important”, says Greig. On the subject of party allegiance, the editor gives a politician’s answer. “The Mail on Sunday has backed a variety of politicians in the past and we are very keen to have a government which makes our economy better. Which feeds the economy’s need for growth, for employment, and feeds the central concerns of our readers.” He adds: “[We’re] always watching to see what happens. There’s two years to go, anything could happen. There could be – could be – a change of leader from both parties.” Which brings us on to Boris Johnson. Greig describes himself as an “admirer” of Johnson, but says he’s never been too close to him personally (they’ve never been to each other’s houses) – and he was not at Eton or Oxford with he or David Cameron. So can Boris topple his old Bullingdon Club companion’s Tory leadership? “Never underestimate any Johnson,” says Greig. ‘Any’, because Greig is also a fan of the Mayor of London’s sister, Rachel Johnson. He brought her in as a columnist to the MoS last year, and now describes her as the “best female columnist in Britain”. She is one of a raft of senior appointments from The Sunday Times, along with Gordon Thomson, editor of new supplement magazine Event, and Tristan Davies, Greig’s number three. Greig has certainly not been afraid to make changes since taking over in April 2012. Earlier this year, as a number of high-profile departures were confirmed, a well-placed source told Press Gazette: “It feels like they are clearing the decks for some reason. These are senior and highly-paid execs.” The exit of Peter Wright as MoS editor after 14 years came as a surprise to many and taking up the position was not a straightforward de	The Daily Mail : 1896-1940 The Daily Mail : 1896-1940 Primary Sources In 1887 the journalist Alfred Harmsworth formed a new publishing business. Early publications included Answers (1888) and Comic Cuts (1890) and in 1894 went into newspapers when he acquired the London Evening News . Harmsworth now decided to start a new paper based on the style of newspapers published in the USA. By the time the first issue of the Daily Mail appeared for the first time on 4th May, 1896, over 65 dummy runs had taken place. For each of these the complete papers were produced at a cost of £40,000. The eight page newspaper cost only halfpenny. Slogans used to sell the newspaper included "A Penny Newspaper for One Halfpenny" and "The Busy Man's Daily Newspaper". The Daily Mail was the first newspaper in Britain that catered for a new reading public that needed something simpler, shorter and more readable than those that had previously been available. One new innovation was the banner headline that went right across the page. Considerable space was given to sport and human interest stories. It was also the first newspaper to include a woman's section that dealt with issues such as fashions and cookery. Another innovation introduced by the Daily Mail was the publication of serials. Personally supervised by Harmsworth, the average length was 100,000 words. The opening episode was 5,000 words and had to have a dramatic impact on the readers. This was followed by episodes of 1,500 to 2,000 words every day. The Daily Mail was an immediate success and circulation quickly achieved 500,000. With the strong interest in the Boer War in 1899 sales went to over a million. Harmsworth encouraged people to buy the newspaper for nationalistic reasons making it clear to his readers that his newspaper stood "for the power, the supremacy and the greatness of the British Empire". Harmsworth also used his newspapers to promote inventions such as the telephone, electric light, photography, motorcycles and motor cars. He was so passionate about cars that Harmsworth prohibited the editor of the Daily Mail from reporting automobile accidents. The popularity of the newspaper increased with the use of promotional activities. This included the offer of prizes for the first-ever flights across the Channel and Atlantic. Although aimed at a mass audience, Alfred Harmsworth employed the best journalists available. This included people such as Henry Hamilton Fyfe and Philip Gibbs . Alfred Harmsworth was a great supporter of flying and in 1906 offered a prize of £1,000 for the first airman to cross the English Channel from Calais to Dover and £10,000 prize for the first completed flight from London to Manchester . The idea seemed so preposterous that Punch Magazine decided to poke fun at Harmsworth by offering a prize of £10,000 for the first flight to Mars. However, by June 1910, both of Harmsworth's prizes had been won by French pilots. Harmsworth was worried about the possible consequences of aircraft for the defence of Britain. He realised that it would soon be possible for foreign pilots to drop bombs on Britain. He wrote a letter warning Richard Haldane , Secretary of War, about his concerns, but failed to persuade the government that this danger existed. First World War Before the outbreak of the First World War Harmsworth was accused of being a war-monger. As early as 1897 he had sent the writer G. W. Steevens to Germany to produce a sixteen-part series entitled Under the Iron Heel. The articles praised the German Army and warned that Britain was in danger of being defeated in a war against Germany. Three years later Northcliffe wrote an editorial in the Daily Mail predicting a war with Germany In October 1909 Harmsworth (now Lord Northcliffe) employed Robert Blatchford , the Socialist editor of the Clarion , to visit Germany to write a series of articles for the newspaper on the dangers that the Germans posed to Britain. Blatchford agreed with Northcliffe on the problem and in one article wrote: "I believe that Germany is deliberately preparing to destroy the Britis	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,281	Where could you ride ‘The Smiler’ ‘Oblivion’ and ‘Nemesis’?	The Smiler \| Theme Park Ride at Alton Towers Resort When you sign up, we'll keep you up to date with offers and information from Alton Towers Resort and the Merlin Entertainments Group. If you'd prefer not to receive emails from the Merlin Entertainments Group, please untick this box. Thank you – you have successfully subscribed.	CLEOPATRA`S NEEDLE AND HAUNTED VICTORIA EMBANKMENT IN LONDON \| Haunted Earth`s Ghost World CLEOPATRA`S NEEDLE AND HAUNTED VICTORIA EMBANKMENT IN LONDON A pedestrian crossing to the obelisk frames perfectly in picture. Situated on the embankment of London`s river Thames stands an iconic structure far older than the city itself, and one shrouded in mystery and strange paranormal events. `Cleopatra`s Needle` is an ancient Egyptian obelisk that has no particular connection with Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt, and was already over a thousand years old in her lifetime when it was first erected in the Egyptian city of Heliopolis on the orders of Thutmose III, around 1450 BC. An iconic attraction in London It was granted as a gift to the British people by the ruler of Egypt and Sudan Muhammad Ali, in commemoration of the victories of Lord Nelson at the Battle of the Nile and Sir Ralph Abercromby at the Battle of Alexandria in 1801. Although the British government welcomed the gesture, it declined to fund the expense of transporting it to London and it wasn`t until 1877 by public subscription that the stone was eventually brought to London on a specially constructed raft. The long journey across water was not without incident as in October of that year the obelisk broke free of it`s tow during a great storm in the Bay of Biscay. The obelisk was eventually rescued, and after repairs to the raft in a Spanish port, it eventually arrived in London in January of 1878 and after public discussion over where it should be displayed, it was finally erected on the Victoria Embankment on 12 September 1878. The obelisk finally being erected The construction of the new site was not without error, as the two faux- Egyptian Sphinxes` were placed facing inwards rather than outwards away from the obelisk. At the time of the obelisk`s erection, an early time capsule was placed within the foundations containing the following: A set of 12 photographs of the best looking English women of the day, a box of hairpins, a box of cigars, several tobacco pipes, a set of imperial weights, a baby's bottle, some children's toys, a shilling razor, a hydraulic jack and some samples of the cable used in erection, a 3' bronze model of the monument, a complete set of British coins, a rupee, a portrait of Queen Victoria, a written history of the strange tale of the transport of the monument, plans on vellum, a translation of the inscriptions, copies of the bible in several languages, a copy of Whitaker's Almanack, a Bradshaw Railway Guide, a map of London and copies of 10 daily newspapers. Cleopatra`s Needle appears to be a place where people have chosen to commit suicide by drowning from the embankment into the Thames. One of the Sphinxes on guard This reputation has led to a number of phantom hauntings which are recorded as: One story tells of two separate policemen being stopped by a woman urging them to come to the banks of the River Thames because someone was about to jump in, only for them to get to the banks near to Cleopatra’s Needle to see a woman in identical dress as the one that approached them toss herself into the River. Mocking laughter can sometimes be heard from the area around the stone obelisk as well as unearthly screams. Whether these belong to the lost sailors is not known. Another River Thames ghost seen here is a ghostly naked man who has been seen dashing from behind the monument and jumping into the cold water which accepts him without the faintest ripple. Today the obelisk attracts many tourists to the city, and doubtless few have heard of it`s reputation when posing for photographs with friends or family. I have visited this site on numerous occasions, and despite it`s awe inspiring ancient beauty, there feels within a much darker presence from antiquity, although it has to be said that I never felt anything adversely negative. Research on the internet reveals little more than I have shared, and to date I have not seen any film or photograph depicting anything questionably paranormal. Thanks For Making This Possible! Kindly Bookmark and	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,282	What was the title applied by the Ottoman Empire and, later, Turkey, to their viceroy of Egypt?	Reflections: Legacy of the Ottoman Empire - دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Legacy of the Ottoman Empire - دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه © Copyright Peter Crawford 2015 OSMANLI İMPARATORLUĞU THE LEGACY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Many people are puzzled by all the turmoil, confusion and bloodshed that exists in the Middle East today, and seek answers in the complexities of current events, however, the root of the Middle eastern problem lie in the past, and in particular in that entity known as the Ottoman (Osman) Empire - the great Empire of the Turks created by the Osman dynasty. The Osmans were Sultans (سلطان)‎ (holders of power) and Caliphs, (خليفة‎ ḫalīfah/khalīfah - title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah), over all of what is now known as the Near and Middle East. Ummah ( أمة‎) is an Arabic word meaning "nation" or "community". It is distinguished from Sha'b (شعب‎) which means a nation with common ancestry or geography. Thus, it can be said to be a supra-national community with a common history. It is a synonym for ummat al-Islamiyah ( الأمة الإسلامية‎) (the Islamic Nation), and it is commonly used to mean the collective community of Islamic peoples. In the context of Pan-Islamism and politics, the word Ummah can be used to mean the concept of a 'Commonwealth of the Believers' (أمة المؤمنين ummat al-muʼminīn). The Quran says: “Muslims are the best nation brought out for Mankind, commanding what is righteous (معروف Maʻrūf, lit. "recognized as good") and forbidding what is wrong (منكر Munkar, lit. "unrecognized as good")…” The Ottoman Empire, (دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye) or Sublime Ottoman State, which lasted from 27 July 1299 to 29 October 1923, is one of 16 Turkish empires established throughout history. The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history. It was an empire inspired and sustained by Islam, and Islamic institutions. founded by Turkish tribes under Osman Bey in north-western Anatolia in 1299. With the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II in 1453, the Ottoman state became an empire. The conquest of Constantinople was a pivotal event in the evolution of Turkish statehood, since the victory of 1453 cemented its Eurasian nature. The empire reached its peak at 1590, covering parts of Asia, Europe and Africa. The reign of the long-lived Ottoman dynasty lasted for 623 years, from 27 July 1299 to 1 November 1922, when the monarchy in Turkey was abolished. At the height of its power, in the 16th and 17th centuries, it controlled territory in southeast Europe, western Asia, and North Africa. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Haritası Map of the Ottoman Empire - 1914 Osmanlı İmparatorluğu (The Ottoman Empire) The Ottoman Empire contained 29 provinces and numerous vassal states, some of which were later absorbed into the empire, while others were granted various types of autonomy during the course of centuries. With Constantinople (present-day Istanbul, - Kostantiniyye) as its capital city, and vast control of lands around the eastern Mediterranean during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (ruled 1520 to 1566), the empire was at the center of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds for six centuries. تنظيمات The Tanzimât The Tanzimât, meaning reorganization of the Ottoman Empire, was a period of reformation that began in 1839 and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 1876. The Tanzimât reform era was characterized by various attempts to modernize the Ottoman Empire, to secure its territorial integrity against nationalist movements and aggressive powers. The reforms encouraged Ottomanism among the diverse ethnic groups of the Empire, attempting to stem the tide of nationalist movements within the Ottoman Empire. The reforms attempted to integrate non-Muslims and non-Turks more thoroughly into Ottoman society by enhancing their civil liberties and granting them equality throughout the Empire. Abdülmecid I Tanzimât emerged from the minds of reformist sultans like Mahmud II and Abdülmecid I as well as prominent reformers who were European educated b	Presidents of Egypt Presidents of Egypt Egypt's new President, Mohammed Morsi Flag of Egypt Presidents of Egypt President Muhammad Naguib (in office June 18,1953 to November 14, 1954)--Assumed office after leading the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, in which King Farouk was overthown by then-Lieutenant General Muhammad Naguib and Gamel Abdel Nasser. Naguib becomes Egypt's first President. President Gamal Abdel Nasser (in office November 14, 1954 to September 28, 1970)--Nasser became president after forcing President Naguib from office. Nasser served as president until his death. Nasser was succeeded by his vice-president, Anwar Sadat. President Anwar el-Sadat (in office September 28, 1970 to October 6, 1981 )--Sadat became president upon the death of his predecessor, Gamel Nasser. Sadat waged war against Israel in 1973, and made peace with Israel in 1979. In October, 1981 Sadat was assassinated by Muslim militants who were unhappy with his peace treaty with Israel. He was succeeded by his vice-president, Hosni Mubarak. President Hosni Mubarak (in office October 6, 1981 to February 11, 2011 )--Mubarak became president upon the assassination of his predecessor, Anwar Sadat. Mubarak imposed Emergency Rule upon the death of Sadat, and maintained his rule as an autocratic dictator until resignining the presidency in February, 2011 in the face of massive unrest . As of February 11, 2011, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, led by Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi Soliman, became the ruling authority upon the resignation of President Mubarak. President Mohammed Morsi--(elected in June, 2012)--Morsi, running as the candidate of the once-outlawed Muslim Brotherhood, won Egypt's first free election with nearly 52% of the vote.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,283	Duffel coats were named after a town in which country?	Duffle Coat History, Details & Buying Guide — Gentleman's Gazette Duffle Coat History, Details & Buying Guide January 3, 2013 In the new year, we are continuing our overcoat series with an in-depth look at the hard-wearing Duffle coat. We’ll outline its history , details , how to wear it, and how to buy the best Duffle coat for you . Duffle Coat History Just like the trenchcoat, there are manifold variations of the duffle coat today, and while all are perfectly fine to wear, it is interesting to know the origins of the garment and how it obtained the characteristic hood and toggle buttons. Notably, the duffle coat remains the only coat in a classic gentleman’s wardrobe today that has a hood. Although similar hoods were long used in menswear dating back to early Christian monk’s habits, the hooded duffle coat as we know it today dates back to the 19th century. Belgian Origins of the Term ‘Duffel’ Duffle Coats abord HMS Iron Duke 1919 The most common myth about the origins of the Duffle is that the coat is of Belgian heritage. The Belgian town of Duffel in the province of Antwerp was known as a clothmaking town in the 15th century that exported its cloth all over Europe. The “duffel” fabric itself was a black, rough woolen fabric, and the duffle coat was in fact named after it. However, the duffle coat itself was never produced in the namesake city, nor was it made from Duffel fabric. Anglo-Saxon Heritage Generals Bubbles Barker & Monty in huge Duffle Coat Many claim that the English borrowed the Belgian term to create the duffle coat as we know it today, and while it is correct that the English military and especially Sir Bernard “Monty” Montgomery and Sir David Stirling , founder of the SAS, popularized this garment during WWII, the British origins of this toggle closure overcoat can be traced back to 1887. At the time, John Partridge, a British purveyor of outerwear, began to design and offer the duffle coat for sale. The look back then was quite different from today, though it already featured the characteristic wooden toggles. The coat was shorter and cut very roomy with a slightly angled toggle front closure, which looks similar to vintage motorcycle jackets . Polish Frock Coat at around 1850 – predecessor of the duffle coat with toggles & hood A few years later, the Royal British Navy was searching for a hard-wearing, sailor-proof coat, and so the British Admiralty commissioned the duffle coat, which turned out to be a great success and was after that worn on military ships around the world. Polish Ancestors Even though John Partridge designed the British duffle coat, he clearly was inspired by the Polish “frock” coat. It was first introduced around 1820 and gained some popularity in continental Europe in the 1850’s. Just like the modern duffle coat, it was tailored with a hood and a horizontal toggle closure. Of course, back then pockets were not part of a coat and was worn more closely fitted than the bulky cut of the British Navy, but nevertheless, there is a great resemblance. Toggle closures have rarely been used in menswear for the last 200 years. The Peak Jean Cocteau in short, white duffle coat with Coco Chanel & Miss Weiseveiller in Veneto Street, Rome 1958 The duffle coat probably reached peak popularity during the 1950’s – 1960’s for several reasons. First of all, Field Marshal Montgomery had helped to create an iconic look during World War II, which is why the duffle is to this day also known as a Monty in the UK. As such, it does not surprise that he was even made into a wax figure – wearing the Monty coat, of course. Also, Colonel David Sterling liked his coat so much that he even wore it in the desert! After the war, the military released surplus duffle coats to the public, and artists, students, and intellectuals wore them. Jean Cocteau popularized his very own version in white. As a consequence, mothers would dress their children in them, raincoats adapted the duffle cut and the Dutch men’s fashion publication SIR published an article titled “The Monty-Coat Forever”. Sir David Stirling, fou	Thomas Hardy (1840 - 1928) - Find A Grave Memorial Dorchester Dorset, England Author. Thomas Hardy was born in Higher Brockhampton, Dorset, England, to Thomas and Jemima Hardy, the eldest of four children. His mother encouraged his love of knowledge and learning, and his father, a stonemason, passed on his love of architecture and music. As a result, the younger Thomas played the fiddle in the church choir. Hardy incorporated his village's scenery, local customs and traditions, as well as the liturgy of the Anglican Church, into his novels. (His village became the fictional Wessex.) Hardy was frail as a child, and did not attend the village school until he was 8 years old. The following year, he attended school in Dorchester. Although he was well-read, he was unable to attend university. At 16, he was apprenticed to architect James Hicks after Hicks saw architectural drawings he made with his father of his home, Woodsford Castle. They restored church windows in the English countryside. Hardy later worked with renowned London architect Arthur Blomfeld, but he continued to write and to informally study. He studied the sciences, philosophy, literature, Greek, and Latin. When he began writing poetry his work was rejected by numerous publishers. Racked by poor health, Hardy left London and returned to Dorset. In 1870, Hardy was set to do restorations on a church in St. Juliot, Cornwall, where he met his first wife, Emma Lavinia Gifford, who was the sister-in-law of the vicar of St. Juliot. They were married in 1874. Hardy's debut novel, "Desperate Remedies," published in 1871, was greeted with indifference by critics and readers alike. It was his second novel, published the following year, "Under the Greenwood Tree," that finally won Hardy notoriety. Due to the success of that novel, he wrote a serialized novel for Tinsley's Magazine entitled, "A Pair of Blue Eyes," that also ran in the New York Tribune. But it would not be until 1874, with the publication of "Far From the Madding Crowd" that Hardy would be able to quit his day job to focus solely on writing. Hardy authored "Return of the Native" in 1878 and "The Trumpet Major" in 1880. That year (1880) was not a good one for Hardy as he suffered from internal hemorrhaging and spent many months in bed. During that time, he dictated the novel "The Laodicean" to his wife. In 1885, Hardy and Emma moved to Max Gate, a home they designed and built near Dorchester. He would write some of his most famous works there. Among Hardy's other works includes the novels "The Mayor of Casterbridge" (1886), "Wessex Tales" (1888), "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" (1891), and "Jude the Obscure" (1895). "Jude the Obscure" was the subject of much controversy. The book was considered a major affront to Victorian-era morality, and especially towards marriage. He suffered marital problems with Emma as a result (she was afraid the public would consider the novel a reflection of their marriage), and the book was banned. Yet the controversy helped put more copies into readers' hands (but, the downside being readers had to put brown covers over their copies to avoid being "caught" reading the book). Hardy was so disillusioned with the amount of criticism over "Jude the Obscure" that he never wrote another novel. He returned to poetry, publishing "Wessex Poems" in 1898, the very personal "Poems of 1912-13," inspired by the death of his wife, Emma, in 1912, and "Collected Poems" in 1919. In 1914, he married his secretary, Florence Dugdale, but the beginning of World War I both disillusioned and saddened him. Hardy influenced other famous writers such as D.H. Lawrence, Virginia Woolf, and Ezra Pound, and continued to be celebrated in both his native England and around the world until his death in 1928. His ashes are at Westminster Abbey but his heart is buried in the churchyard of the parish church of his youth, together with his wives Florence and Emma, and next to the grave of his parents Thomas and Jemima. (bio by: Donna Di Giacomo)	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,284	Which notable 19th century poet was a Jesuit priest?	Gonzaga’s ‘Jesuits and the Arts’ Series Continues with Gerard Manley Hopkins Poetry Events Feb. 5-7 - Gonzaga University News Service Academics Gonzaga’s ‘Jesuits and the Arts’ Series Continues with Gerard Manley Hopkins Poetry Events Feb. 5-7 Posted on January 21, 2014 in: Academics , Alumni , Arts , Events , Faculty & Staff , Faith , Feature Stories , Service , Social Media , Spotlight , Students SPOKANE, Wash. – Gonzaga University’s “Jesuits and the Arts” series continues Feb. 5-7 with a focus on literature, featuring Jesuit priest and poet Gerard Manley Hopkins (1844-1889). He is recognized as one of the most important 19th century Victorian poets and among the most challenging poets in English, even though his daring explorations in prosody and imagery were never published in his lifetime. All events are free and open to the public. The first event is a lecture by Father Thomas Lucas, S.J., entitled “Historical Context of Gerard Manley Hopkins,” from 7:30-8:30 p.m., Wednesday, Feb. 5 in the Jundt Auditorium of the Jundt Art Center. The lecture will address the world surrounding Hopkins during his life. Fr. Lucas, rector of Seattle University’s Jesuit community, previously served as a professor of art and architecture at University of San Francisco. He is a prolific author and internationally recognized expert in Jesuit art history. Actor Richard Austin will perform a reading of Hopkins’ poetry — entirely from memory. On Thursday, Feb. 6 at 5:30 p.m. at the Huetter Mansion on Gonzaga’s campus, Gonzaga will host a reception for Richard Austin. A professional actor trained in London, Austin will perform his one-man show featuring Hopkins’ poetry – performed entirely from memory – at 6:30 p.m., in the University Chapel located on the third floor of College Hall. Austin has received international acclaim for his worldwide performances of the show titled, “Back to Beauty’s Giver.” The final Hopkins event will be a presentation by Gonzaga Special Collections Librarian Stephanie Plowman on Gonzaga’s Gerard Manley Hopkins Collection – one of the world’s foremost Hopkins research archives – at 6 p.m., Friday, Feb. 7 in the Foley Center Teleconference Room. A reception will follow from 7-8 p.m. in the Foley Center Library Rare Books Room, where Gonzaga’s Hopkins Collection will be on display. A major part of Gonzaga’s Gerard Manley Hopkins Collection is the Bischoff Research Collection, named for Fr. Anthony Bischoff, S.J. (1910-1993), a member of Gonzaga’s English department faculty who started the collection by gathering Hopkins-related materials in the late 1940s as a doctoral candidate at Yale University (Ph.D., 1952). Fr. Bischoff continued collecting widely until the early 1990s. Gonzaga’s collection is a resource for Hopkins’ scholars worldwide. Gonzaga’s “Jesuits and the Arts” series began in November with several events focused on music . The series will continue with a focus on one or two fine arts a year for the next several years. All events in the series are free and open to the public. For more information, visit www.gonzaga.edu/jesuitarts .	John Betjeman John Betjeman 1906 - 1984 Sir John Betjeman was the Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom from 1972-1984 and was a notable poet, writer, and broadcaster. His more famous works include Mount Zion (1932), Continual Dew (1937), Old Lights for New Chancels (1940), New Bats in Old Belfries (1945), A Few Late Chrysanthemums (1954), Poems in the Porch (1954), Summoned by Bells (1960), High and Low (1966), and A Nip in the Air (1974). /var/www/vhosts/jamescumminsbookseller.com/httpdocs/manager/custom/tpl.search.results.empty.php	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,285	Sphagnum is what type of plant?	Using Sphagnum Moss with Succulent Plants Using Sphagnum Moss with Succulent Plants Using Sphagnum Moss with Succulent Plants April 15, 2012 16 Comments Written by T. Lander Sphagnum moss can be an essential tool when planting succulents . It is commonly called peat moss, but that isn’t what you want. Peat moss or sphagnum peat are dead, decayed moss. You may have seen bags of peat moss meant to be used as a soil conditioner. The stuff we are interested in for our succulent plants is long fibered sphagnum moss. Oregon Sphagnum Moss pulled fresh from a tree Not all Sphagnum Moss is equal In a large city recently, I called half a dozen garden centers looking for long fibered sphagnum moss. No luck anywhere. I finally found a sad example of sphagnum at a big box store. It was an ugly brown color, full of sticks and would only be good if used where it couldn’t be seen. I was surprised by how difficult it was to find nice looking sphagnum moss. Left to Right: Oregon sphagnum moss pulled fresh off a tree in Oregon, packaged moss from Young’s, Sphagnum moss from a big box store Long Fibered Sphagnum Moss from a big box store should only be used where invisible Uses of Sphagnum Moss Succulents love sphagnum moss because it absorbs lots of water and then dries out quickly. This allows the plants to get the water then need without suffering from rotting issues. Here are some of the ways that sphagnum moss and succulents work together well: Soilless Planting – Succulents can grow directly in sphagnum moss without any soil. Soilless planting with moss can be used in wall planters where the weight of soil might be an issue, in terrariums, in wreaths or anywhere else that the use of soil presents a problem. One note, because sphagnum moss does dry more quickly than soil, more frequent watering might be required and occasional fertilizing. Form Building – Anytime you have a frame (like the wire chicken planter I did earlier) you will end up lining the form with sphagnum moss. You can see this in succulent wreaths and topiaries. A thick layer of moist moss covers the frame and is then filled with soil. Secure Plants – Planting in vertical spaces (like the cracks in a rock wall or containers) presents the challenge of the plants wanting to fall before their roots are established. You can stuff the space around the succulent’s roots with moss to hold the plant in place. Soil Conditioning – Three elements are important in soil: moisture retention, drainage, and nourishment. Sphagnum moss enhances all of these characteristics of soil. Container Accent – A tuft of fluffy, green sphagnum moss poking out between the succulent plants or hanging down the container side can be the finishing touch that completes your planting. A Note About Oregon Sphagnum Moss Although not true Sphagnum moss, Oregon Green Moss is sold as Oregon Sphagnum Moss. It shares the important characteristics of true Sphagnum moss (absorbs water directly through its leaves and stores the water in the cellular tissue). Oregon Sphagnum Moss is used by many, many people, florists and nurseries for the uses described above. Oregon Sphagnum Moss is available from Young’s for your projects with succulents. Packaged Oregon Sphagnum Moss is much more green than box store option	capsicum \| annuum \| chinense \| baccatum \| frutescens \| pubescens \| wild Growing Lists The Capsicum Genus Capsicum terminology is very confusing with Pepper, chilli, chile, chili, aji, paprika and capsicum all used interchangeably to describe the plants and pods of the genus Capsicum. We have chosen to use 'chile' as this is the most common terminology used in the UK. It is believed Chiles were first cultivated by the people of Central and South America in around 7000BC and there are now a bewildering range of over 3000 known varieties ranging from the mildest bell pepper to the fiery hot habanero. The botantical 'genus' to which all chiles belong is Capsicum (CAP-see-coom), from the greek kapto meaning 'to bite'. The genus Capsicum is also a member of the wider Solanaceae or nightshade family and therefore Chile peppers are closely related to their genetic cousins, the tomato, potato, tobacco and eggplant. Ever since, English doctor turned botanist Robert Morrison described 33 species of Chile peppers in his study, 'Plantarum Historiae Universalis Oxonniensis', published in 1680, there has been much argument and debate amongst botanists and taxonomists as to the number and classification of Capsicum species. After much argument and amendment, it is now widely accepted that the genus Capsicum consists of five domesticated species and twenty-six wild species. Due to the ease at which the domesticated species in particular cross pollinate with each other and the active development and hybridisation of new varieties often for marketing purposes, there is now a baffling range of varieties available making classification and increasingly difficult task. More detailed information and picture illustrations of each of these species and their numerous cultivars can be found in thechileman's database . To refine your search, be sure to select the appropriate species from the drop down list. The five domesticated species Annuum, Baccatum, Chinense, Frutescens and Pubescens are the most commonly available species to the Chile enthusiast and each species has its own distinguishing characteristics. Capsicum Annuum (ANN-you-um) Annuum meaning 'annual' is actually an incorrect designation given that Chiles are perennials under suitable growing conditions. This species is the most common and extensively cultivated of the five domesticated species and includes the Ancho, Bell Pepper, Cayenne, Cherry, Cuban, De Arbol, Jalapeno, Mirasol, Ornamental, New Mexican, Paprika, Pimiento, Pequin, Serrano, Squash and Wax pod types. Annuum's used to be dividend into two categories, sweet (or mild) peppers and hot Chile peppers. However, modern plant breeding has removed that distinction as hot bell varieties and sweet Jalapenos have now been bred. Capsicum Chinense (chi-NEN-see) Chinense meaning 'from China' is also a misnomer as this species originated in the Amazon Basin and is now common throughout the Caribbean, Central and South America and in the tropics. This species includes many of the world's hottest cultivars including the Habanero, Scotch Bonnet and the legendary Red Savina. The pod types, as well as the plants are very varied in this species although they are characterised by a distinctive fruity aroma often described as apricot like. The Chinense being a tropical species tend to do best in areas of high humidity. They are relatively slower growers, having longer growing seasons than many of the other species and seeds can take a long time to germinate. Capsicum Baccatum (bah-COT-tum or bah-KAY-tum) Baccatum meaning 'berry-like' consists of the South American cultivars known as Aji's. They are almost as many baccatum cultivars as annuums with pods ranging from non-pungent to very hot. The baccatum species is generally distinguished from the other species by the yellow or tan spots on the corollas (on the flowers) and by the yellow anthers. Many of the baccatum species are tall growing, often reaching 5 feet in height and pods are usually erect and become pendant as they mature. Capsicum Frutescens (fru-TES-enz) Frutescens meaning	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,286	Translating as 'strong man', rikishi is the name given to a participant in what sport?	Sumo Glossary Sumo Glossary Elevated area for visitors and oyakata in the practice area of a heya . Akebono Dawn Akebono Taro - real name Chad Rowan - the 64th Yokozuna (grand champion). With 220-230kg he was literally one of the "giants" of the modern age! The first rikishi born outside of Japan to rise to the highest rank in Ozumo in 1993, he is considered to be a "Great Yokozuna" not only because of his 11 tournament wins, but also because of the impresive way in which he used to overwhelm his opponents with tsuppari and nodowa thrusts, often blasting them out of the ring like a bulldozer. Akebono performed a special Yokozuna Dohyo-Iri at the opening ceremony of the Nagoya winter olympics in 1998. He finally retired in January, 2001 due to a lasting knee injury. His greatest rival was the 65th Yokozuna Takanohana Koji , who retired in January, 2003. Following in the footsteps of his Oyakata Azumazeki (aka former Hawaiian Sekiwake Takamiyama), Akebono rose rapidly through the ranks from his debut in March 1988 to his Makuuchi debut in September 1990. What followed was an even more rapid rise to Ozeki. The Hawaiian behemoth needed only 11 Makuuchi tournaments to achieve the same rank as his countryman Konishiki. In the process Akebono won his first Yushu in May, 1992 while being ranked at Sekiwake at the crucial time when Konishiki had just won his final tournament two months earlier. And while Konishiki would never again taste the ultimate victory and see his dream of becoming the first foreign born Yokozuna go up in smoke, Akebono achieved that very dream by winning two back-to-back yusho in glorious fashion at the Kyushu 1992 and Hatsu 1993 tournaments. The new Yokozuna would go on to dominate both the year 1993 by winning his 4th, 5th and 6th yusho in consecutive basho and to dominate his rival Takanohana as well. Takanohana had by now risen to the rank of Ozeki and was denied Yokozuna promotion virtually by Akenono's opposition alone. In the period that followed, however, spanning roughly from 1994 through 1998, the tables were turned and Takanohana became the dominant rikishi. Plagued by injuries (mainly to his knees), Akebono would go on to win his 7th (March, 1994), 8th (March, 1995) and 9th (May, 1997) yusho in this period, but was only rarely capable of sustaining his characteristic dominance in the ring through the final days of the basho. But in the year 2000, following a year of dominance by Musashimaru (the 2nd Hawaiian Yokozuna), Akebono once again managed to regain his outstanding form. He finished the year wih an excellent 76-14 win-loss record, added two more yusho (numbers 10 and 11) to his total, as well as three runner-up records (his 11th, 12th and 13th), before bowing out gracefully after 48 basho at the rank of Yokozuna. Akeni Personal trunk used by sekitori for storage of personal items. Aki Fall One of the six yearly honbasho (official sumo tournaments). Held in September at the Kokugikan in the Ryogoku area of Tokyo. Amasumo The senior wrestlers of a heya . See also shin-deshi Arakida soil n/a Soil taken from the banks of the Arakawa River in Saitama Prefecture, traditionally favored for use in forming the dohyo (sumo ring) because of its high clay content. Asashoryu n/a Asashoryu Akinori - real name Dolgusuren Dagvadorj - the 68th Yokozuna (grand champion). From the moment this skilful rikishi from Mongolia joined professional Sumo in January 1999 it was clear that he was destined for greatness. Losing only three official bouts in his first year he quickly climed up the ranks and managed to make his debut in the payed ranks in September 2000. After slightly more than a year of adjusting to the higher echelon of Ozumo, Asashoryu soon began showing signs of domating the other rikishi, and by the middle of 2002 it was clear that stopping this relatively small but muscular athlete from achieving the highest rank in the sport would be near to impossible. With a determination bordering on maniacal and a skil that reminds many of great champions like Chiyonofuji a	"Masterminds" - Manchester Evening News, November 7, 2015 \| Online Research Library: Questia Read preview Article excerpt 1. Playboy Russia covergirl Maria Kozhevnikova, boxer Nikolai Valuyev, and tennis player Marat Safin shared which honour in December 2011? 2. What William S Burroughs 1961 book popularised the rock music term 'heavy metal', and provided the names for at least two rock bands of the 1970s? 3. What main religion celebrates festivals including Nuakhai, Yatra (or Zatra/Jatra), Pongal, Holi and Shigmo? 4. Which country experienced the Velvet Revolution in Nov-Dec 1989? 5. According to the UK General Teaching Council how many of the 28,000 newly qualified teachers in 2010 had a computerrelated degree: 3; 30; 300 or 3,000? 6. Spell the word: Remanisence; Reminissense; Remeniscence; or Reminiscence? 7. What ancient Sanskrit word loosely meaning 'region' commonly now refers to people (and culture, products, etc) of Indian sub-continent origins? 8. Whom did Forbes Magazine list as the most powerful woman in the Southern Hemisphere in 2011? 9. Unrelated, what is a set of slats and a museum? 10. What ship, whose name means thunderbolt, was Nelson's flagship 1799-1801, and later a training ship for boys? 26 11. The Showa period of Japan coincided with what Emperor's reign? 12. Michael Morpurgo, author of the children's book War Horse, on In state Luther which the 2012 Spielberg film (of the same name) is based, held what UK position from 2003-5? 13. What fashionable Mediterranean resort hosted the G20 international economics conference at the height of the Greek Euro membership crisis? 27 14. How many cubic metres is the space in a room four metres square and three metres high? 15. Which politician bowled faster than Dennis Lillee and Andy Roberts? 16. What element is also known as hydrargyrum? David shows around 17. Whose father wrote and sang the popular Secret Lemonade Drinker song in the award-winning British 1970s-80s R Whites Lemonade TV advert ? … Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details Newspapers Encyclopedia Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,287	What 20th century musical entertainment machine derived its name from the West African word Gullah, meaning disorderly, or 'zigzag'?	Music 345: Race, Identity, and Representation in American Music \| Student Blogs and Library Exhibit Companion Music 345: Race, Identity, and Representation in American Music Student Blogs and Library Exhibit Companion Search Reply “Head of Boxer”, painted by George Wesley Bellows This week we toured the St. Olaf Flaten Art Museum and studied several objects, including this painting, “Head of Boxer” by George Wesley Bellows. George Wesley Bellows George Wesley Bellows (1882-1925) was an American realist painter, known for his depictions of urban life in New York City. He was an artist from the Ashcan school of art, that were a group of realist painters that wanted to challenge and be set a part from American impressionists. Although Ashcan artists advocated for modern actualities, they were not so radical that they used their artwork for social criticism or reform. They identified with the vitality of the lower classes and illustrated the dismal aspects of urban existence. However, they themselves led middle-class lives and were influenced by New York’s restaurants, bars, theater and vaudeville. 1 Relating to other themes in our class, George Bellows was immersed in New York’s vaudeville scene around the same time of Charles Harris’ “After the Ball”, Howard and Emerson’s “Hello My Baby”, and Irving Berlin’s “Alexander’s Ragtime Band.” “The Ashcan artists selectively documented an unsettling, transitional time in American culture that was marked by confidence and doubt, excitement and trepidation. Ignoring or registering only gently harsh new realities such as the problems of immigration and urban poverty, they shone a positive light on their era.” — The Metropolitan Museum of Art In this painting, perhaps the rough brush strokes represent the difficulties the lower classes faced in society? Perhaps the mix of light and shadow on the boxer’s forehead show the transitional time in American culture? And perhaps the sad expression of the boxer represents the doubt and trepidation of the lower classes who struggle with problems of immigration and urban poverty. George Bellows painted the realities of the lower classes he saw around him in New York City. 1 Weinberg, H. Barbara. “The Ashcan School.” The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2000. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ashc/hd_ashc.htm Christopher O’Riley and Two Unidentified men- Now in St.Olaf Art Collection gelatin silver print on paper 8 in. x 10 in. (20.32 cm x 25.4 cm) 2008.272 Gift of © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. This Photo that was showed in the collection is a photo taken by Andy Warhol, probably in early 1980s. It captured the moment when the young pianist Christopher O’riley played music for Andy Warhol and three other audiences. It would be risky to guess what O’riley was playing, but from where I stand, probably jazz. As what O’riley said when he thought of the good memory with Andy Warhol: Interview: http://www.interviewmagazine.com/music/christopher-o-riley-velvet-underground/#_ They were good friends. As what O’riley remembered, the man who introduced he to Andy Warhol was Stuart Pivar. Pivar went to a lot of auctions together with Warhol and they co-founded the New York Academy of Art. One of O’riley’s friends took him to Pivar’s house- and that was how he met Andy Warhol. O’riley often played music for Andy Warhol, Ford models, art collectors, and experts in the apartment. Taking these into account, through careful observation viewers might find out that all human figures in the photo can possibly be upper-middle class elite men, sitting in the delicate room with the art nouveau style lamp and Bouguereau-like academic painting on the wall. Even more interesting, Christopher O’riley started to host the National Public Radio program From the Top in a way that Andy Warhol suggested- do absolute O’riley’s music. In the show, He started to do groundbreaking transcriptions of the rock band Radiohead with his own interpretations of classical music and new repertoires, and this made him famous for his piano arrangement of rock music. As what	Dizzy Gillespie dizzy gillespie . american jazz musician . b 1917 . d 1993 John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie, one of the greatest Jazz trumpeters of 20th century and one of the prime architects of the bebop movement in jazz, was born in Cheraw, South Carolina and died in Englewood, New Jersey. Nicknamed "Dizzy" because of his zany on-stage antics, Gillespie, a brass virtuoso, set new standards for trumpet players with his innovative, "jolting rhythmic shifts and ceaseless harmonic explorations" on the instrument during the 1940's period, which ushered in a definitive change in American Jazz music from swing to bebop. The last of nine children, Gillespie was born into a family whose father, James, was a bricklayer, pianist and band leader: Dizzy's mother was named Lottie. Dizzy's father kept all the instruments from his band in the family home and so the future trumpet great was around trumpets, saxophones, guitars and his father's large upright piano (his father tore down one of the walls of the house to get the piano in ) most of his young life. James use to make all of his older children practice instruments but none of them cared for music. Dizzy's father died when he was ten and never heard his youngest son play trumpet, although he did get the chance to hear him banging around on the piano, because Dizzy started trying to play this intrument at a very early age. In 1930, Gillespie tried learning how to play the trombone but his arms were too short to play it well. That same year he started playing a friend's trumpet and heard one night over the radio a broadcast of Roy Eldridge playing trumpet in Teddy Hill's Orchestra, that was playing at the Savoy Ballroom in New York City. Young Gillespie, then 13, loved Eldridge's playing and the entire band. From that day on, he dreamed of becoming a jazz musician. In 1933, after graduating from Robert Smalls secondary school, Gillespie received a music scholarship to attend Laurinburg Institute, in North Carolina. He stayed there for two years, studying harmony and theory until his family moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1935. In Philadelphia, Gillespie began playing trumpet with local bands, learning all of his idol Eldridge's solos from records and radio broadcasts: it was in Philadelphia that he picked up his nickname of "Dizzy.". In 1937, "Dizzy" moved to New York and replaced Eldridge in Teddy Hill's Orchestra. After a couple of years Gillespie moved on to Cab Calloway's band in 1939. In 1937, Gillespie met his future wife, Lorraine, a chorus dancer at the famed Apollo Theater: they were married in 1940 and remained together until his death. Gillespie worked with many bands during the early 1940's (Chick Webb, Fletcher Henderson, Benny Carter, "Fatha" Hines and Billy Eckstine's seminal band ) before teaming up with Charlie Parker in 1945. Their revolutionary band ushered in the bebop era and was one of the greatest small bands of the 20th century. An arranger and composer, Gillespie wrote some of the greatest jazz tunes of his era: songs such as "Groovin' High", "A Night in Tunisia" and "Manteca" are considered jazz classics today.. With his trumpet and its upturned, golden bell, goatee, black horn rim glasses and beret, Gillespie became a symbol of both jazz and a rebellious, independent spirit during the 1940's and 50's. His interest in Cuban and African music helped to introduce those music's to a mainstream American audience. When he died he was famous and beloved everywhere and had influenced entire generations of trumpet players all over the world who loved and emulated his playing and his always positive, upbeat, optimistic attitude. Quincy Troupe Biography copyright Mason Editions 2000 and Quincy Troupe. Biography may not be repr	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,288	The Harry Lime theme was used in which film?	My Choice - Anton Karas: Harry Lime Theme (Third Man) - YouTube My Choice - Anton Karas: Harry Lime Theme (Third Man) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Sep 9, 2011 The Harry Lime Theme (Engl. The Third Man Theme ) is an instrumental composition by Anton Karas for the film The Third Man and was named after the character in the movie, Harry Lime. We're showing some post war photos of Vienna. "The Harry Lime Theme" is an instrumental written and performed by Anton Karas for the soundtrack to the film The Third Man (1949). Karas was working as a zither player when director Carol Reed, during location scouting for the film, heard him playing in a beer garden. Reed wanted music that wasn't a waltz but would be appropriate to the city of Vienna, in which the film was set, so he asked Karas if he would write and record the film's score. Karas agreed, and he wrote the theme based on a melody in a practice book. The zither had not previously been widely used in English or American music, but the theme became popular with audiences of the film soon after its premiere. The tune was originally released in the U.K. in 1949, where it was known as 'The Harry Lime Theme.' Following its release in the U.S. in 1950, "The Third Man Theme" spent eleven weeks at number one on Billboard's U.S. Best Sellers in Stores chart. Its success led to a trend in releasing film theme music as singles. According to Faber and Faber, the different versions of the theme have collectively sold an estimated forty million copies. Anton Karas was born in Vienna of Hungarian and Czech origin, one of five children of a factory worker, Anton Karas was already keen on music as a child. He desired to become a band leader, which due to the family's financial situation was impossible. However, he was allowed to learn to play an instrument, as were his two brothers and two sisters. He later reported that his first zither was one he found in his grandmother's attic, at the age of 12. Music is copyrighted by its corresponding owners. No infringement of copyright is meant and if it does infringe, please message me and I'll remove it. -----------------------------------------------------------	BT 100 1960 No 1 - Theme From a Summer Place by Percy Faith - YouTube BT 100 1960 No 1 - Theme From a Summer Place by Percy Faith Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Nov 12, 2014 "Theme from A Summer Place" is a song with lyrics by Mack Discant and music by Max Steiner, written for the 1959 film A Summer Place, which starred Sandra Dee and Troy Donahue. It was recorded for the film by Hugo Winterhalter. Originally known as the "Molly and Johnny Theme", the piece is not the main title theme of the film, but a love theme for the characters played by Dee and Donahue. Percy Faith recorded the most popular version of the tune in the Columbia 30th Street Studio in New York City, which spent an at-the-time record of nine consecutive weeks at #1 on the still-young Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in early 1960. It remains the longest-running #1 instrumental in the history of the chart. Billboard ranked Faith's version as the No. 1 song for 1960.[3] It reached #2 in the UK. It hit #1 in Italy under the title "Scandalo Al Sole". Faith won a Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1961 for his recording. This was the first movie theme and the first instrumental to win a Record of the Year Grammy. Faith re-recorded the song twice – first, in 1969, as a female choral version, then, in 1976, as a disco version titled "Summer Place '76". In 2008, Faith's original version was ranked at #18 on Billboard's top 100 songs during the first 50 years of the Hot 100 chart. Category	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,289	In Shakespeare who killed Macbeth?	SparkNotes: Macbeth: Plot Overview Plot Overview Context Character List The play begins with the brief appearance of a trio of witches and then moves to a military camp, where the Scottish King Duncan hears the news that his generals, Macbeth and Banquo, have defeated two separate invading armies—one from Ireland, led by the rebel Macdonwald, and one from Norway. Following their pitched battle with these enemy forces, Macbeth and Banquo encounter the witches as they cross a moor. The witches prophesy that Macbeth will be made thane (a rank of Scottish nobility) of Cawdor and eventually King of Scotland. They also prophesy that Macbeth’s companion, Banquo, will beget a line of Scottish kings, although Banquo will never be king himself. The witches vanish, and Macbeth and Banquo treat their prophecies skeptically until some of King Duncan’s men come to thank the two generals for their victories in battle and to tell Macbeth that he has indeed been named thane of Cawdor. The previous thane betrayed Scotland by fighting for the Norwegians and Duncan has condemned him to death. Macbeth is intrigued by the possibility that the remainder of the witches’ prophecy—that he will be crowned king—might be true, but he is uncertain what to expect. He visits with King Duncan, and they plan to dine together at Inverness, Macbeth’s castle, that night. Macbeth writes ahead to his wife, Lady Macbeth, telling her all that has happened. Lady Macbeth suffers none of her husband’s uncertainty. She desires the kingship for him and wants him to murder Duncan in order to obtain it. When Macbeth arrives at Inverness, she overrides all of her husband’s objections and persuades him to kill the king that very night. He and Lady Macbeth plan to get Duncan’s two chamberlains drunk so they will black out; the next morning they will blame the murder on the chamberlains, who will be defenseless, as they will remember nothing. While Duncan is asleep, Macbeth stabs him, despite his doubts and a number of supernatural portents, including a vision of a bloody dagger. When Duncan’s death is discovered the next morning, Macbeth kills the chamberlains—ostensibly out of rage at their crime—and easily assumes the kingship. Duncan’s sons Malcolm and Donalbain flee to England and Ireland, respectively, fearing that whoever killed Duncan desires their demise as well. Fearful of the witches’ prophecy that Banquo’s heirs will seize the throne, Macbeth hires a group of murderers to kill Banquo and his son Fleance. They ambush Banquo on his way to a royal feast, but they fail to kill Fleance, who escapes into the night. Macbeth becomes furious: as long as Fleance is alive, he fears that his power remains insecure. At the feast that night, Banquo’s ghost visits Macbeth. When he sees the ghost, Macbeth raves fearfully, startling his guests, who include most of the great Scottish nobility. Lady Macbeth tries to neutralize the damage, but Macbeth’s kingship incites increasing resistance from his nobles and subjects. Frightened, Macbeth goes to visit the witches in their cavern. There, they show him a sequence of demons and spirits who present him with further prophecies: he must beware of Macduff, a Scottish nobleman who opposed Macbeth’s accession to the throne; he is incapable of being harmed by any man born of woman; and he will be safe until Birnam Wood comes to Dunsinane Castle. Macbeth is relieved and feels secure, because he knows that all men are born of women and that forests cannot move. When he learns that Macduff has fled to England to join Malcolm, Macbeth orders that Macduff’s castle be seized and, most cruelly, that Lady Macduff and her children be murdered. When news of his family’s execution reaches Macduff in England, he is stricken with grief and vows revenge. Prince Malcolm, Duncan’s son, has succeeded in raising an army in England, and Macduff joins him as he rides to Scotland to challenge Macbeth’s forces. The invasion has the support of the Scottish nobles, who are appalled and frightened by Macbeth’s tyrannical and murderous behavior. Lady Macbeth, me	SparkNotes: Agamemnon: Lines 1-257 Lines 1-257 Lines 258-502 Summary A Watchman, atop the roof of the palace in the Greek city of Argos, complains that he has spent so much time in this perch that he knows the night sky by heart. He is waiting for a beacon that will signal the fall of Troy, which has been besieged for ten years by a Greek army led by Agamemnon, the king of Argos. Agamemnon's wife, Clytemnestra, governs Argos in her husband's absence, and, while the Watchman says that she has "male strength of heart," (11) the absence of the king makes him fearful. "I sing," he declares, "only to weep again the pity of this house / no longer, as once, administered in the grand way" (16-18). The beacon flares, signaling Troy's fall, and the Watchman leaps up and cries out with joy at the news, and rushes inside to tell the Queen. The Chorus, an assembly of Argos' oldest and wisest male citizens, comes onstage and discusses the history of the Trojan War. They recount how Agamemnon and his brother Menelaus, the king of Sparta, gathered a huge fleet and army to recapture Helen, Menelaus' wife, who was stolen by Paris, a Prince of Troy; and they discuss how the Greeks and Trojans have spent ten years wearing themselves out in battle. Meanwhile, the old men of Argos (the men too old to fight) are growing weaker and weaker in their old age. Clytemnestra joins them, and the Chorus demands to know why she has ordered sacrifices to all the gods and celebrations throughout the city. Before she answers, they recall the terrible story of how the Greek fleet, on its way to Troy, was trapped in Aulis by unfavorable winds, and how Agamemnon learned that the winds were sent by Artemis, the goddess of the hunt. In order to appease her and sail on to Troy, Agamemnon was forced to sacrifice his daughter, Iphigenia; the Chorus describes in detail her pitiful cries for mercy as her father's men cut her throat. Commentary The strength of the minor characters in Agamemnon distinguishes this play from a number of Aeschylus' other works. The Watchman, whose speech opens the play, is particularly noteworthy. His complaints about his tiresome duty and his worries over the state of the city--together with his obvious, sincere joy at the news of his king's victory--make him a realistic, multifaceted, human character. His combination of anticipation and foreboding, meanwhile, establishes the mood of the play; the King's return is an occasion for celebration, and yet a sense of fear looms over Argos, a premonition of terrible events waiting to happen. The events in Agamemnon are only a small part of a much larger story, as the Chorus makes clear in its lengthy speech. Two women who do not appear in the play have a profound effect upon the events in Argos: Helen, Menelaus' wife, and Iphigenia. Helen's eloping with Paris catalyzes the entire Trojan conflict and its aftermath; throughout the play, the Chorus comments on how much suffering has occurred "for one woman's promiscuous sake" (62). Meanwhile, the sacrifice of Iphigenia is a cloud over the marriage of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon and ultimately leads to his murder. The description of Iphigenia's murder undermines the audience's sympathy for Agamemnon. The killing offends our sense of proportion. While it is true that Artemis demanded her death if the fleet was to sail to Troy, did Agamemnon really have to kill his daughter to win a war to recover a single woman? Aeschylus paints a pathetic portrait of Iphigenia's violated innocence: "her supplications and her cries of father / were nothing, nor the child's lamentation / to kings passioned for battle . . . Pouring then to the ground her saffron mantle / she struck the sacrificers with / the eyes' arrows of pity . . ." (228-30; 239-41) Thus, even before Clytemnestra speaks, Aeschylus provides a reason for her to hate her husband. More Help	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,290	What is the name of the main ant from A Bug's Life?	A Bug's Life \| Disney Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia “An epic presentation of miniature proportions.” ―Tagline A Bug's Life is a 1998 computer-animated Disney / Pixar movie. The film is loosely inspired by the fable "The Ant and the Grasshopper" and the classic samurai film The Seven Samurai, it is the second Pixar movie and tells the story of an outcast inventor ant named Flik ( Dave Foley ), who recruits a group of circus bugs he mistakes for warriors when his colony is threatened by a group of grasshoppers. It is the second animated The film was directed by John Lasseter and co-directed Andrew Stanton . The movie takes place during 1995 , the same year Toy Story was released. The film was widely acclaimed from both critics and audiences and, was a box office success, grossing $363 million worldwide against its $120 million budget. Contents [ show ] Plot Every year, a colony of ants is expected to harvest food for a biker-gang-like bunch of grasshoppers. One ant, Flik , is an inventor whose creations usually do more harm than good. While trying out a mechanical harvester, he drops his machine and on auto-pilot, it knocks the pile of food into a stream just before the grasshoppers arrive. Their leader, Hopper , gives the ants the rest of the season to make good on what they owe, but orders a double ration of food after Flik stands up to him in defense of the Queen's youngest daughter Dot , who then couldn't fly, due to haven't sprouted her wings yet. Flik is admonished by the colony's royal council. When Flik suggests that he try to recruit some "warrior bugs" to fight the grasshoppers, Princess Atta (Dot's older sister and the eventual successor to the Queen) allows him to do so, but only to keep him out of the way. Reaching the insect "city" (actually a pile of garbage), Flik encounters a troupe of unemployed circus bugs whose latest performance has just ended in disaster. He mistakes them for the warriors he needs. At the same time, they believe him to be a talent scout who wants to book their act. They return to the colony, much to Atta's surprise, and are immediately greeted as heroes who can end the grasshopper threat. Atta soon becomes suspicious after overhearing a conversation where both Flik and the troupe realize their mistakes. However, after they band together to save Dot from a hungry bird, she begins to think that the troupe may be able to stop the grasshoppers after all. She also starts to find herself falling in love with Flik and the feeling is mutual. At the grasshopper gang's hideout, Hopper's brother Molt suggests they do not go back since they have more than enough food stored and the weather will soon turn bad. Hopper reminds him and the gang that if they do not keep the ants living in fear, the ants might use their superior numbers ("a hundred to one," he estimates) to run the grasshoppers out of the colony for good. The gang sets out for the island to collect their due. When Flik discovers that Hopper is afraid of birds (due to him almost getting eaten by one years ago), he proposes that the colony build a model bird to scare him away (the plan is presented by the circus bugs, so the royal council believes the "warriors" came up with the idea). The ants put their food-gathering work on hold to carry out this project. After they finish and put the bird in the island's tree, circus ringmaster P. T. Flea arrives looking for his missing performers and exposes the truth. The colony became furious that building the bird turned out to be a waste of time. Upset at Flik's deception, Atta orders him exiled from the colony, while the other ants hide the bird to pretend it never happened and rush to collect whatever food they can for Hopper. They are unable to meet the double quota he set, and when the gang arrives, Hopper takes over the anthill and forces the ants to bring him all the food on the island. Dot overhears the gang's plans to kill the Queen once they have all the food, and after a tangle with Hopper's crazed assistant Thumper , she sprouts her wings and catches up with Flik and the troupe. She	James Abbott McNeill Whistler James Abbott McNeill Whistler James Abbott McNeill Whistler James Abbott McNeill Whistler /ˈdʒeɪmz ˈæbət məkˈniːl ˈwɪslɚ/ (July 10, 1834[1][2][3][4][5] – July 17, 1903) was an American -born, British-based artist active during the American Gilded Age. Averse to sentimentality and moral allusion in painting, he was a leading proponent of the credo "art for art's sake". His famous signature for his paintings was in the shape of a stylized butterfly possessing a long stinger for a tail.[6] The symbol was apt, for it combined both aspects of his personality—his art was characterized by a subtle delicacy, while his public persona was combative. Finding a parallel between painting and music, Whistler entitled many of his paintings "arrangements", "harmonies", and "nocturnes", emphasizing the primacy of tonal harmony.[7] His most famous painting is "Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1" (1871), commonly known as Whistler's Mother, the revered and oft-parodied portrait of motherhood. Whistler influenced the art world and the broader culture of his time with his artistic theories and his friendships with leading artists and writers.[8] James Abbott McNeill Whistler Teacher of: Clifford Isaac Addams (1876-1942), Blendon Reed Campbell (1872-1969), Alson Skinner Clark (1876-1949), Earl Stetson Crawford (1877-1934), Rinaldo Cuneo (1877-1939), Jozef Czajkowski (Józef Czajkowski) (1872-1947), David Ericson (1869-1946), Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939), Lillian Matilde Genth (1876-1953), Walter Greaves (1846-1930), Gwen John (1876-1939), Xavier Martinez (1869-1943), Mortimer Menpes (1855-1939), Anna Petrovna Ostroumova-Lebedeva (1871-1955), Lawton Silas Parker (1868-1954), Harper Pennington (1853-1920), Walter Richard Sickert (1860-1942), Konstantin Somov (1869-1955), Elisha Kent Kane Wetherill (1874-1929) Early life James Abbott Whistler was born in Lowell , Massachusetts . He was the first child born to Anna Matilda McNeill and George Washington Whistler, a prominent engineer. She was his father's second wife. At the Ruskin trial (see below), Whistler claimed the more exotic St. Petersburg, Russia as his birthplace: "I shall be born when and where I want, and I do not choose to be born in Lowell", he declared.[9] In later years, he would play up his mother's connection to the American South and its roots, and present himself as an impoverished Southern aristocrat (although to what extent he truly sympathized with the Southern cause during the American Civil War remains unclear). After her death, he would adopt her maiden name, using it as an additional middle name. Young Whistler was a moody child prone to fits of temper and insolence, who—after bouts of ill-health—often drifted into periods of laziness. His parents discovered in his early youth that drawing often settled him down and helped focus his attention.[10] Russia and England Whistler circa 1847–49 Beginning in 1842, his father was employed to work on a railroad in Russia. After moving to St. Petersburg to join his father a year later, the young Whistler took private art lessons, then enrolled in the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts at age eleven.[9] The young artist followed the traditional curriculum of drawing from plaster casts and occasional live models, reveled in the atmosphere of art talk with older peers, and pleased his parents with a first-class mark in anatomy.[11] In 1844, he met the noted artist Sir William Allan, who came to Russia with a commission to paint a history of the life of Peter the Great. Whistler's mother noted in her diary, "the great artist remarked to me ‘Your little boy has uncommon genius, but do not urge him beyond his inclination.’"[12] In 1847-48, his family spent some time in London with relatives, while his father stayed in Russia. Whistler's brother-in-law Francis Haden, a physician who was also an artist, spurred his interest in art and photography. Haden took Whistler to visit collectors and to lectures, and gave him a watercolor set with instruction. Whistler already was imagining an art career. He began to	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,291	At which battle of 1403 was Sir Henry Percy aka Hotspur killed?	Warfare History Blog: Sir Hotspur's Uprising: The Battle of Shrewsbury, July 21, 1403 See the Battle between House Percy and Clan Douglas during the Anglo-Scots border conflict: Otterburn to Homildon Hill 1388-1402 for more. The motivations behind Sir Henry Percy, known to the Scots as 'Hotspur' (b.1364-1403), transformation from loyal knight in service to the realm regardless of whom was sitting on the throne in Westminster into a rebel and attainted traitor looking to kill his lawful king in battle, were complex. There is still some doubt historically as to exactly what Hotspur looked to accomplish in his rising. Certainly a catalyst for Hotspur's rebellion was a reaction to a society in both himself and his father were apart of. This hegemony and societal structure defined by the tenets of feudal service in the age of chivalry (coming to an end by the mid 1400's), amidst the violent life of the Anglo-Norman knight. Death of Hotspur on the field at Shrewsbury Both henry and his father the Earl of Northumberland expected titles, a moderately high salary, and a greater degree of autonomy in general. These men had additional personal grievances against King Henry IV and his household. Greatest amongst these were the apparent nullification of funds owed to the two men for service in Wales fighting for the King. Evidence supports that Hotspur may have had designs of his own in regards to the throne of England and/or Northumberland in 1402-1403, his motives are lost to history. No theory has ever been proven nor debunked by modern historians. [1] Hotspur's Rising 1402-1403 Nearing forty years old in the summer of 1402, the knight Sir Henry Percy began his rebellion with a proclamation which was entirely based on a lie crafted with the sole purpose of raising support in Cheshire, where former kings men and veterans of the Cheshire Guard, the household guard of the the deceased & dethroned ‘Good King Richard’, King Richard II, still resided by the hundreds. Hotspur had apparently made earlier calims that King Richard was returning from exile to ride at the head of the rebel army and that his father the Earl of Northumberland was bringing a Northern host to meet them and the Welsh as well. His pro Ricardian stance certainly won him admirers and soldiers within a few days time in the city of Chester with hundreds of former Cheshire Guard archers and ‘watchmen’ flocking to his standard. [2] For More see the post Prelude to Wars of the Roses, Usurpation, Rebellion, and medieval warfare 1387-140 3 . As Hostpur continued his march south in later June and into July, he began to collect a diverse rebel host made up of Northumbrian men, Cheshire, Welshmen, and Scotsmen. He began even to hear whispers of king associated with his name when the Cheshire men soon realized that King Richard would not be rising from the dead to lead them into London. It was clear in late June that it would be Hotspur alone who would lead this army south to face the royal army led by King Henry and the young Prince of Wales. King Richard II, who from beyond the grave inspired numerous plots against King Henry IV from his imprisonment to death 1399-1400, until the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403 Battle of Shrewsbury July 1403 The single most intriguing event taking place before the Battle of Shrewsbury was the defection from the royal army(and therefor from the Kings' Peace) of Hotspur’s uncle the Earl of Worcester just days before the battle was fought. Almost nothing is known about the events surrounding his betrayal of the Prince of Wales who the Worcester had known well. He had been a retainer and battle-companion of young Prince Henry as a commander during the King's campaign in Wales, 1400-1403. The impact militarily on paper at least was significant, the Earl of Worcester bringing 1,000 men, mostly archers and lightly armed men of foot, over to Hotspurs rebel army. Another interesting caveat pertaining to the composition of Hotspurs army was the appearance, amongst the many other varying banners of the rebel army, of the ‘heart of Robert the Bruce’ an	The Ballad of Chevy Chase (Middle English Song; Medieval Lyrics) THE BALLAD OF CHEVY CHASE This famous ballad probably originated in the early 15th century. Carried through in oral tradition, however, it underwent many corruptions and alterations before it was first printed in Percy's Reliques (1765) in two distinctly different versions. The earlier one, below, likely dates from the 15th century, and is thought to be the ballad about which Sir Philip Sidney said in his Defence of Poesy: "I never heard the old song of Percy and Douglas that I found not my heart moved more than with a trumpet." The second likely dates from the early 17th century. The events of the ballads center around the Battle of Otterburn (1388), a border skirmish between Sir Henry "Hotspur" Percy (English) and James, Earl of Douglas (Scottish). The Scottish won the day, but the battle cost Douglas his life. The poem takes its name from hunting grounds in the Cheviot hills , called "Cheviot Chase", not from the action of the hunt itself. Over time, and the various evolutions of the ballad, events and personages have gotten confused. The poem refers to Hotspur's father, Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland , who was not present at the battle. Both Hotspur and his brother Ralph were captured by the Scots, and Ralph was wounded, but neither Percy lost his life until years later. The poem also refers to King Henry IV , though he did not take the throne until a decade after Otterburn; King James of Scotland, referred to in the ballad, wasn't even born yet in 1388 and wasn't crowned King until 1424. These details suggest that this version may perhaps have been composed around 1430. —A. Jokinen Fytte I Sir Henry "Hotspur" Percy was not made Commander of Banburgh Castle until 1403. Percy, in his Reliques, states: "By these... is probably meant three districts in Northumberland, which still go by the name of shires, and are all in the neighborhood of Cheviot. They are Islandshire, being the district so named from Holy-Island; Norehamshire, so called from the town and castle of Noreham (or Norham); and Bamboroughshire, the ward or hundred belonging to Bamborough castle and town." Homildon, Humbledon, or Humbleton, is in Glendale, Northumberland. The Battle of Homildon Hill was actually fought in 1402, between Sir Henry "Hotspur" Percy and Archibald, Earl of Douglas. Introduction, glosses, and notes by Anniina Jokinen. Ballad text from: The Oxford Book of Ballads. Arthur Quiller-Couch, Ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1910. 664-675. to Middle English Lyrics	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,292	In October 1870, Britain issued its smallest ever (in size), postage stamp. It is known in philatelic circles as a bantam. How much did it cost?	Stamps Info I Inherited a Stamp Collection... This article could have just as easily been titled, "I just found some stamps in an old desk..." or "I found my old stamp collection up in the attic from when I was a kid..." or some similar theme. This is intended for someone who knows next to nothing about stamp collecting, has come into possession of some stamps and wishes to know what they are worth. As with all collectible items, stamps are worth what someone is willing to pay for them. Learning what that might be will require doing your homework. It is highly unlikely that you will instantly find someone who will give you enough for your retirement, but by searching through the philatelic world for the best place to sell your stamps, you could do very well. The first step in educating yourself should be to check your local public library for a Scott or Minkus (or other) stamp catalog. Check the catalog out from the library, take it home, and compare your stamps to the listings. Read the introductory paragraphs in the catalog to see how stamps' values are determined and how you should judge the stamps. Remember that stamp catalog values are for excellent examples of each given stamp and that stamps with heavy cancels or tears or pieces missing will bring much less, if anything at all. And remember that most unused stamps released since 1940 aren't worth much more than face value if you're trying to sell them; a lot of those you can use for postage. Also be aware that a dealer will likely pay less than half catalog value, since he has to make his profit margin and cover his expenses to stay in business selling stamps. After you've consulted a catalog, if you don't know any stamp collectors to ask, check your local yellow pages for stamp dealers. Find three or four if you can and ask them to take a look at your stamps. This process will take time, and you will have to go to their locations to get them to look at your stamps. Or if a stamp show is held in your area, go to the show and ask dealers there. In the stamp business, as in any collectibles area, you need to find the right dealer for the material you have. The "right" dealer will know to whom he can resell your material. As you "do your homework" by asking several dealers about value, you will begin to get an idea of the true worth of your stamps. You will have to use your own judgement to evaluate the honesty of those you ask, but you will find that most are honest, even if they're not knowledgeable. If your stamps turn out to be fairly valuable (hundreds or thousands of dollars), it might be worth your while to offer the material at auction. As with finding a dealer, you'd need to do your homework on auction houses to find the best place to offer your stamps. The point of all this is that the more time you spend "doing your homework," the better price realization you are likely to get for your stamps. You may find that after only a short search for information you will learn that what you have isn't worth much. That is the most likely outcome. However, if the collection was put together by a knowledgeable collector, it may well have "goodies" that have appreciated tremendously over the decades. There's only one way for you to find out if that's true: Do your homework!! After doing your homework, you may find yourself fascinated to the point you will not only be the owner of an old collection but a builder of a new and better collection! How is a postage stamp made? Background The postage stamp is a relatively modern invention, first proposed in 1837 when Sir Rowland Hill, an English teacher and tax reformer, published a seminal pamphlet entitled Post Office Reform: Its Importance and Practicability. Among other reforms, Hill's treatise advocated that the English cease basing postal rates on the distance a letter traveled and collecting fees upon delivery. Instead, he argued, they should assess fees based on weight and require prepayment in the form of stamps. Hill's ideas were accepted almost immediately, and the first English adhesive	Sports Newspapers Book Ashes Cricket FIFA World Cup - Ad#: 3587035 - Addoway Bid with Confidence - Check My 100% Positive Feedback from over 3,000 Satisfied Customers I have over 4 years of Selling Experience - So Why Not Treat Yourself? 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The Countries I Send to Include Afghanistan * Albania * Algeria * American Samoa (US) * Andorra * Angola * Anguilla (GB) * Antigua and Barbuda * Argentina * Armenia * Aruba (NL) * Australia * Austria * Azerbaijan * Bahamas * Bahrain * Bangladesh * Barbados * Belarus * Belgium * Belize * Benin * Bermuda (GB) * Bhutan * Bolivia * Bonaire (NL) * Bosnia and Herzegovina * Botswana * Bouvet Island (NO) * Brazil * British Indian Ocean Territory (GB) * British Virgin Islands (GB) * Brunei * Bulgaria * Burkina Faso * Burundi * Cambodia * Cameroon * Canada * Cape Verde * Cayman Islands (GB) * Central African Republic * Chad * Chile * China * Christmas Island (AU) * Cocos Islands (AU) * Colombia * Comoros * Congo * Democratic Republic of the Congo * Cook Islands (NZ) * Coral Sea Islands Territory (AU) * Costa Rica * Croatia * Cuba * CuraÃ§ao (NL) * Cyprus * Czech Republic * Denmark * Djibouti * Dominica * Dominican Republic * East Timor * Ecuador * Egypt * El Salvador * Equatorial Guinea * Eritrea * Estonia * Ethiopia * Falkland Islands (GB) * Faroe Islands (DK) * Fiji Islands * Finland * France * French Guiana (FR) * French Polynesia (FR) * French Southern Lands (FR) * Gabon * Gambia * Georgia * Germany * Ghana * Gibraltar (GB) * Greece * Greenland (DK) * Grenada * Guadeloupe (FR) * Guam (US) * Guatemala * Guernsey (GB) * Guinea * Guinea-Bissau * Guyana * Haiti * Heard and McDonald Islands (AU) * Honduras * Hong Kong (CN) * Hungary * Iceland * India * Indonesia * Iran * Iraq * Ireland * Isle of Man (GB) * Israel * Italy * Ivory Coast * Jamaica * Jan Mayen (NO) * Japan * Jersey (GB) * Jordan * Kazakhstan * Kenya * Kiribati * Kosovo * Kuwait * Kyrgyzstan * Laos * Latvia * Lebanon * Lesotho * Liberia * Libya * Liechtenstein * Lithuania * Luxembourg * Macau (CN) * Macedonia * Madagascar * Malawi * Malaysia * Maldives * Mali * Malta * Marshall Islands * Martinique (FR) * Mauritania * Mauritius * Mayotte (FR) * Mexico * Micronesia * Moldova * Monaco * Mongolia * Montenegro * Montserrat (GB) * Morocco * Mozambique * Myanmar * Namibia * Nauru * Navassa (US) * Nepal * Netherlands * New Caledonia (FR) * New Zealand * Nicaragua * Niger * Nigeria * Niue (NZ) * Norfolk Island (AU) * North Korea * Northern Cyprus * Northern Mariana Islands (US) * Norway * Oman * Pakistan * Palau * Palestinian Authority * Panama * Papua New Guinea * Paraguay * Peru * Philippines * Pitcairn Island (GB) * Poland * Portugal * Puerto Rico (US) * Qatar * Reunion (FR) * Romania * Russia * Rwanda * Saba (NL) * Saint Barthelemy (FR) * Saint Helena (GB) * Saint Kitts and Nevis * Saint Lucia * Saint Martin (FR) * Saint Pierre and Miquelon (FR) * Saint Vincent and the Grenadines * Samoa * San Marino * Sao Tome and Principe * Saudi Arabia * Senegal * Serbia * Seychelles * Sierra Leone *	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,293	What island was previously called Formosa?	The Island Formerly known as Formosa - Food and Travel TRAVEL BOOKS The Island Formerly known as Formosa It's so easy isn't it - to pigeonhole one place in relation to another? Yet it is the habit of travellers. We seem always to want to explain a country in the terms of somewhere else. So it is, in the middle of Taipei, capital of Taiwan (formerly Formosa) I find myself saying, 'Hmmm'..this is just like China - without the bicycles'. And it is. Except here, at the traffic lights, there's a brimming tide of motor scooters, bearing sometimes a whole family, and noisily gunning off the instant the lights change. In China, the intersection would be dense with hundreds of bikes, wobbling as they waited their turn. In fact the whole city, it seems spins a kaleidoscope of half-memories, quasi-comparisons in my mind. This corner - is it like Bangkok? Or maybe Kuala Lumpur? Those sleek office buildings - surely I saw the same in Singapore. And those interminable silent armies of apartment blocks, each capped with a tiny pagoda style roof. That was Penang, right? Of course as you start to acclimatise to Taipei, its personality emerges. Talk to the people and you see the differences to their Chinese neighbours across the Taiwan Strait. The people are still proudly Chinese by race, but Taiwan is carefully named the Republic of China, not the PROC (People's Republic), as China is termed. Yet it is the people that have made this country, building it in half a century from a country annexed by Japan to a self-sufficient one trading with the world. Located north-east of Hong Kong, and almost 400 kilometres long straddling the Tropic of Cancer, to most westerners Taiwan appears dangerously vulnerable now that Hong Kong is finally a Chinese Territory. We imagine China's eyes focussed with avarice on this small and economically valuable country. Yet the locals laugh when we cautiously raise the subject. Whether it is bravado or not, most simply say they believe China has too much to worry about - controlling its population, stretching its capitalistic muscles - to be too bothered about tiny Taiwan. You have to hope they are correct. So Taiwan gets on with growing and producing. Here there are families with several children, pollution is being addressed, technology increases and the economy looks as healthy as the mop-headed kiddies in brilliant nylon parkas that bring colour to even the greyest scenes. I was grateful for these especially when I visited hot springs in the hills north of Taipei. Here the cement-coloured mud, plopping sullenly, was matched only by the clouds that almost touched us. Steam seeped from crevices and a sulphurous stench stuck to us all. Enter a busload of eager schoolchildren, brilliant in their cool-weather gear, who swarmed over the telescopes and safety fences, measured the ground temperature and gaped in amazement at the moonscape around us, brightening my pictures as they did so. That small event seemed to make sense of this country to me. Sure there is pollution, but many countries are more affected. There are earthquakes - a major one devastated parts to the south of Taipei last September, and there were even two minor ones in the few days I was in the country - but buildings have been constructed using the latest technology to withstand tremors. Prices are high - or is that simply a reflection on the Aussie dollar which fares badly in so many places worldwide? Despite this, Taiwan still manages a brightness, a youthfulness, that exudes hope and optimism. This massive city and its suburbs accounts for around half the country's 20 million population, and has much to offer. The Lungshan Temple is more like a bustling community market. Fruit and foods are laid out on tables, and girls chattering on mobile phones and juggling designer shopping bags, dash in to grab a handful of joss sticks and offer a quick prayer towards the Goddess of Mercy, benignly surveying the crowds from her vantage point. Visitors to Taipei can view priceless Chinese antiques too, rescued from the mainland before the Cultural Revolutio	YouTube Undo Close "INDIAN BRAZILIAN LAMB..." The YouTube account associated with this video has been terminated due to multiple third-party notifications of copyright infringement. Sorry about that.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,294	Who in 1964 became the first female group to have a Number 1 hit in the UK?	Record-Breakers and Trivia - everyHit.com Back To The 'Records & Trivia' Index Most Number 1s This, possibly the most important record, is held by Elvis Presley. He has had 21 chart-toppers, 18 of them different songs (three titles have topped the chart on two distinctly separate chart runs as part of the series of re-issues to commemorate what would have been Elvis' 70th birthday in 2005). You can see how this record has 'changed hands' over the years here . The Beatles are the top group with 17 number 1s. Madonna is the top woman with 13 (as of April 2008). Top female group is The Spice Girls with 9. Only seven acts in chart history have got into double figures with their tally of chart-toppers. They are: Elvis Presley (21, 18 different songs), The Beatles (17), Cliff Richard (14 : six of them with The Shadows, one with The Drifters, one with The Young Ones), Westlife (14 : one of them with Mariah Carey), Madonna (13), The Shadows (11 : six of them with Cliff Richard, two of these also with The Norrie Paramor Strings) and Take That (11: one featuring Lulu). Westlife hold the record for getting into double-figures in the shortest time (2 years and 10 months [ie. 149 weeks] - more than 3 months quicker than The Beatles (who took 165 weeks). Unlike Westlife, however, The Beatles tended to spend several weeks at the summit, slowing down their release rate.) It is worth pointing out that Paul McCartney has appeared on more Number 1s than any other artist under a diverse range of credits. He has, in fact, appeared on 24 Number 1s; solo (1), with Wings (1), Stevie Wonder, The Christians et al (1), Ferry Aid (1), Band Aid (1), Band Aid 20 (1) and The Beatles (17). In total, twenty-one artists have appeared on ten or more number one singles. They are: Paul McCartney (24), Elvis Presley (21), John Lennon (20), George Harrison (18), Ringo Starr (16), Cliff Richard (15), Nicky Byrne, Kian Egan, Mark Feehily, Shane Filan (14), Robbie Williams, Madonna (13), Gary Barlow, Brian McFadden (12), Mel C , Geri Halliwell (11), Mel B, Emma Bunton, Howard Donald, Jason Orange, Mark Owen (10). Artist with Most Weeks at Number 1 It's Elvis Presley. He has topped the chart for a total of 80 weeks (as of w/e 5th Feb 2005). Top group is The Beatles (69 weeks). Top female performer is Madonna (29 weeks - as of w/e 17th May 2008). In his many different manifestations, however, Paul McCartney has spent 93 weeks at the top. Most Consecutive Number 1s 7 - by The Beatles and Westlife. The Beatles' stretch began with "A Hard Day's Night" in 1964 and lasted to "Yellow Submarine"/"Eleanor Rigby" in 1966. The run was broken when "Penny Lane"/"Strawberry Fields Forever" merely made the number 2 position the following year! Westlife's stint began with their debut, "Swear it Again" in 1999 and ran through to "My Love" in November 2000 (though one hit was a 'duet' with Mariah Carey). It was broken by "What Makes A Man" which peaked at number 2 the following month. Beatles fans are, however, quick to point out that "Ain't She Sweet" (which made number 29 in 1964) was recorded in 1961, well before their EMI contract. It was issued by Polydor to 'cash in' on the success of the fab four. Fans argue that this was not an "official" Beatles release. If this logic is accepted (though the track did make the charts), The Beatles run of successive number ones begins with "From Me To You" in April 1963 - making a total of 11. Top female group is The Spice Girls (6 in a row from "Wannabe" through to "Too Much"). Longest Span of Number 1 Singles 47 years, 6 months and 23 days. Held by Elvis Presley. His first number 1 was "All Shook Up" in 1957 (w/e 13th June). His most recent chart-topper was the re-issue of "It's Now Or Never" in 2005 (w/e 5th Feb). Runner up is Cliff Richard. His first chart-topper was "Living Doll" in 1959. His latest was "The Millennium Prayer" in 1999, a span of 40, 4 months and 15 days. (+ 21 days for total span). Longest span for a female artist with solo credit is Madonna on 20 Years, 7 Months, 1 Day (from "Into The Groove", 3rd Aug 1985 to	No.1 facts and feats from ukcharts.20m.com Fastest #1s \| Slowest #1 (artists) \| Slowest #1 (records) \| Biggest leaps to #1 \| Straight in at #1 before 1995 \| Climbs to #1 since 1995 \| Longest span of #1 hits \| Longest gap between #1 hits \| Most successful act not to have reached #1 \| Shortest career of a #1 act \| Ultimate One Hit Wonders \| Most #1 hits \| Most weeks at #1 by an artist \| Most weeks at #1 by a record \| Most consecutive number one hits \| Records that returned to #1 \| First three or more hits at #1 \| Drops from the top \| #1 in two or more versions \| Longest #1 hits \| Family connections \| Other number one facts and feats FASTEST NUMBER ONE HIT In 1969, The Beatles with Billy Preston debuted at #1 with Get Back. It was their only single to debut at #1 in the official BBC/Record Retailer singles chart and was the debut chart appearence for Preston, who went on to moderate success as a solo artist. Apart from Preston, and Al Martino, who debuted at number one by default in the very first chart, no act aside from charity collectives scored an instant number one hit until Whigfield nearly 42 years later. Here is the list of acts who have started at the very top since then: 17.09.94 Whigfield Saturday Night 20.05.95 Robson Green and Jerome Flynn Unchained Melody / The White Cliffs Of Dover 27.01.96 Babylon Zoo Spaceman 01.06.96 Baddiel and Skinner and The Lightning Seeds Three Lions 21.12.95 Dunblane Knockin' On Heaven's Door / Throw These Guns Away 25.01.97 White Town Abort, Retry, Fail? EP (Your Woman) 07.06.97 Hanson Mmmbop 13.12.97 Teletubbies Teletubbies Say Eh-Oh! 06.06.98 B*Witched C'est la Vie 11.07.98 Billie Because We Want To 24.10.98 Spacedust Gym And Tonic 27.02.99 Britney Spears Baby One More Time 03.04.99 Mr Oizo Flat Beat 01.05.99 Westlife Swear It Again 12.06.99 Baz Luhrmann Presents Everybody's Free (To Wear Sunscreen) - The Sunscreen Song 19.06.99 S Club 7 Bring It All Back 06.05.00 Oxide and Neutrino Bound 4 Da Reload (Casualty) 26.08.00 Spiller Groovejet (If This Ain't Love) 16.09.00 Modjo Lady (Hear Me Tonight) 13.01.01 Rui Da Silva ft Cassandra Touch Me 24.03.01 Hear'Say Pure And Simple 02.06.01 DJ Pied Piper and the Masters Of Ceremonies Do You Really Like It? 18.08.01 So Solid Crew present 21 Seconds 21 Seconds 08.12.01 Daniel Bedingfield Gotta Get Thru This 09.03.02 Will Young Anything Is Possible / Evergreen 30.03.02 Gareth Gates Unchained Melody 11.05.02 Holly Valance Kiss Kiss 10.08.02 Darius Colourblind 09.11.02 DJ Sammy & Yanou ft Do Heaven 28.12.02 Girls Aloud Sound Of The Underground 25.01.03 David Sneddon Stop Living the Lie The Lightning Seeds had, of course, hit in their own right before. Dunblane were a charity ensemble, but unlike previous charity ensembles they were not made up of previously-charting acts. Babylon Zoo and White Town both debuted at #1 with major-label reissues of previously unsuccessful independent singles. Dunblane, Teletubbies and Baz Luhrmann all debuted at number one with their only single releases. So Solid Crew's previous single "Oh No (Sentimental Things)" would have charted at #13 the previous year, but was disqualified for having too many tracks. So Solid Crew members Megaman, Lisa Maffia and Romeo had previously appeared on Oxide & Neutrino's hit "No Good 4 Me". All formats of 21 Seconds consistently give the artist credit as So Solid Crew Present 21 Seconds rather than simply So Solid Crew. The Baz Luhrmann Presents... record has the additional credit "performed by Quindon Tarver" hidden away in the detailed credits. The single is a remix of Tarver's cover of Rozalla's hit Everybody's Free (To Feel Good). Tarver can therefore also legitimately claim to have gone straight in at number one with his first hit. "Featured" artists who have made their chart debuts at number one are: 28.10.95 Coolio featuring LV Gangsta's Paradise 28.06.97 Puff Daddy featuring Faith Evans and 112 I'll Be Missing You 06.02.99 Armand Van Helden featuring Duane Harden You Don't Know Me 10.03.01 Shaggy featuring Rikrok It Wasn't Me 22.03.03 Gareth Gates and The Kumars Spirit In T	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,295	"From which sport do we get the expression ""Thrown a curve ball""?"	Throw a curve - Idioms by The Free Dictionary Throw a curve - Idioms by The Free Dictionary http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/throw+a+curve throw someone a curve 1. Lit. to pitch a curveball to someone in baseball. (See pitch someone a curve(ball).) The pitcher threw John a curve, and John swung wildly against thin air. During that game, the pitcher threw everyone a curve at least once. 2. Fig. to confuse someone by doing something tricky or unexpected. When you said "house" you threw me a curve. The password was supposed to be "home." John threw me a curve when we were making our presentation, and I forgot my speech. throw somebody a curve also throw a curve at somebody to surprise someone with a problem or something unexpected Bill threw me a curve by asking me to go to the theater with him instead of a hockey game. Usage notes: also used in the form throw someone a curveball Etymology: from the curve in baseball (a type of throw to the person at bat that does not travel in a direct route ) throw (somebody) a curve (ball) (American & Australian informal) to surprise someone with something that is difficult or unpleasant to deal with The weather threw a curve at their barbecue and they had to eat indoors.	50 Interesting Facts \| IAS 50 Interesting Facts Hypermetropic people are what : Long Sighted Which leader lives in the Potola : Dalai Lama What wood was the cross supposed to be made of : Mistletoe Joseph Levitch became famous as who : Jerry Lewis If you planted a bandarilla what are you doing : Bullfighting What was the first Pink Floyd album : Piper at the gates of dawn In which city was the first public opera house opened : Venice In what Elvis film did he play a double role : Kissing Cousins The Aphrodite of Melos has a more famous name what : Venus de Milo Which country invented the concentration camp Britain : Boer war John Huston scored a hit with his first film what? : Maltese falcon Stan laurel, Mickey Rooney, Lana Turner what in common : 8 marriages What real person has been played most often in films : Napoleon Bonaparte Scotopic people can do what : See in the dark What is the most critical thing keeping bananas fresh transport Temperature not below : 13 C 55F What is the name of the Paris stock exchange : Bourse Whose music featured in The Clockwork Orange : Beethoven What was the Troggs most famous hit : Wild Thing In Japan what colour car is reserved for the royal family only : Maroon What city has Kogoshima as its airport : Tokyo What was gangsters George Nelsons nickname : Baby Face Whose first wife was actress Jayne Wyman : Ronald Regan In MASH what is Radars favourite drink : Grape Knee High What do you give on the third wedding anniversary : Leather What is a baby whale called : Calf In which film did the Rolls Royce have the number plate AU1 : Goldfinger Vladamere Ashkenazy plays what musical instrument : Piano With which organ does a snake hear : Tongue On what is the Mona Lisa painted : Wood What is the second most common international crime : Art theft Count de Grisly was the first to perform what trick in 1799 : Saw woman in half Who wrote Les Miserable : Victor Hugo Which bird turns it head upside down to eat : Flamingo The colossus of Rhodes was a statue of who : Apollo Who rode a horse called Bucephalus : Alexander the Great To which London club did Mycroft Holmes belong : Diogones What did William Addis invent in prison : Toothbrush What is the only duty of police Gracthenvissers in Amsterdam : Motorists in canals Kleenex tissues were originally intended as what in 1915 WW1 : Gas mask filters Who invented popcorn : American Indians What is the colour of mourning in : Turkey Violet For what is spirits of salt another name : Hydrochloric acid Which game is played on an oval with 18 player per team : Australian football In the Winnie the Pooh stories what is Kanga’s baby called : Roo Which actor is common to Magnificent 7 and Dirty Dozen : Charles Bronson Who saved Andromeda from the sea monster : Perseus What flower is the symbol of secrecy : Rose What item were originally called : Hanways Umbrellas What is Brussels best known statue : The Mannequin Pis In which language does God Jul mean happy : Xmas Swedish SHARE	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,296	Which garden plant, with small, white bell shaped flowers, has the Latin name Convallaria Majalis?	Plants That Have Bell-Like Flowers \| Home Guides \| SF Gate Plants That Have Bell-Like Flowers Plants That Have Bell-Like Flowers The aptly named bellflower adds color and beauty to any garden. Bell-shaped flowers typically have wide tubes and flared petal tips that give them their form. Yet the term covers a range of plants -- the width and length of both the tubes and the tips of the blooms may vary. There are numerous examples of bell-shaped flowers, both large and small, that are easy to recognize. Bellflower Bellflower (Campanula), with a genus name based on the Latin word for bell, “campana,” epitomizes its name. Most bellflowers are perennials, though some species are biennials or annuals. The blue, white, pink or lavender flowers rise on stalks from 6 inches to 2 feet tall, on either upright or mounding shapes. Different species of bellflowers grow in different U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones. In shaded gardens in USDA zones 1 through 10b, you can grow Campanula glomerata, while Campanula lactiflora grows in either sun or part shade in USDA zones 5b through 10b. All bellflowers need well-drained soil and watering either once a week in warmer climates or once every few weeks in cooler climates. Foxglove Foxglove flowers have a somewhat longer tube than bellflowers. The flowers grow on tall stalks from clumps of large leaves, ranging from purple to white to a variety of pinks. Common foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) is a biennial that thrives in USDA plant hardiness zones 5a through 10b and can reach 4 feet or taller. It thrives in partial or full shade, but you can grow it if you live in a cool climate. All foxgloves need regular watering once a week, and all are poisonous if ingested. Lily of the Valley and Coral Bells Lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis) and Coral bells (Heuchera) are perennials with dainty, bell-shaped flowers dangling from slender stalks. Both grow best in partial shade, although coral bells can grow in full sun if your climate isn't too hot. Lily of the valley flowers are primarily white, with some pink varieties, and hang to one side of the stalk, flanked by broad, glossy leaves. Coral bell flowers can be white, green, red or pink, but the plant is more prized for its leaves, which have scalloped edges and come in many multihued colors. Lily of the valley grows best in USDA plant hardiness zones 1 through 9b and coral bells in USDA zones 5b through 10b. Fuchsia Grown as annuals in most areas, fuchsia (Fuchsia x hybrida) last through the winter only in USDA plant hardiness zones 10 and 11. Its multicolored flowers are bell-shaped with additional petals above the bells and stamens dangling from the bottom of the bell. Gardeners use shrub fuchsias in garden borders and either upright plants or trailing varieties in containers. Fuchsia do best in part to full shade and need a rich, organic soil that retains moisture.	Salvia coccinea 'Lady in Red' - Lady in Red Tropical Sage Salvia coccinea 'Lady in Red' Salvia coccinea 'Lady in Red' Details Learn more Spring Limited Availability Plant At Flowers by the Sea, we grow a broad range of Salvias and companion plants to meet your needs. If a plant is in this program, its description page will include the clock-like Spring Limited Availability icon on its description page along with a reminder that it is only available for delivery early April to about June 15th. When a plant is out of stock during its limited-availability season, we may grow more if it is early enough in the availability period. In that case, you may easily request notification concerning its return to stock. Just add your name to the notification list by clicking on the "Email me when back in stock" button in the Options box on the plant description page. The minute the plant is ready for sale, we will send you an email. Spring Limited Availability is a win-win-win policy for you, the environment and our business. It keeps us from wasting resources -- such as water, soil amendments and staff time -- by helping us to avoid over-production of annuals and tender perennials late in their growing season. Degree of Difficulty This plant is easy to grow in a variety of conditions. Degree of Difficulty This icon indicates that the plant you are considering is reliably easy to grow if you meet its limited needs. The plants that we identify as easy are particularly adaptable to a broad range of growing conditions. Perhaps you live in a region where temperatures swing from from frigid winters to scorching summers. We have no-fuss Salvias and companion plants to meet your climate. Possibly, the moisture level in your area can only be described as "not!" Or maybe you live where summers are predictably dry and winters are wet, or vice versa. We have undemanding beauties for you. Whether you are looking for plants that can handle exposure from full sun to partial shade or that adjust from weak to rich soils, our no-fuss Salvias and companion plants are ready to perform reliably. For more information about easy-to-grow Salvias and companion plants, please email or call us at Flowers by the Sea. We are glad to answer your questions. You can rely on a quality experience with Flowers by the Sea Nursery, because we: Ship only large, healthy plants Carefully package your purchase Contract with UPS for rapid, safe delivery direct to your door and Don't raise plant prices to artificially subsidize low shipping fees. UPS rate structure makes it possible for us to decrease the shipping price per plant as order size increases. Also our advance order process lets you select delayed shipment based on available shipping dates. Remember, FBTS guarantees satisfaction. Description (Lady in Red Tropical Sage) Lady in Red is a variety of Salvia coccinea Juss. ex Murr., which is often called Texas Sage. It is the best red-flowering Tropical Sage that we grow and a 1992 winner of an All American Selections award. The lush flower spikes of Lady in Red draw butterflies, honeybees and hummingbirds to the rich nectar of this Southern species and American native. Unlike the dwarf variety of Lady in Red, which was bred by the Japanese company Takii Seed/Sahin, this is a full-sized Tropical Sage that the Japanese breeder developed in conjunction with the Netherlands firm of Zaden B.V. Fuzzy and shaped like elongated hearts, the dark-green leaves of Lady in Red are heavily veined and have serrated edges. The fragrant foliage contrasts dramatically with the long-blooming flowers. If you have persistently damp spots in your yard, Tropical Sages are good solutions due to their water-loving nature. However, they do just fine with an average amount of watering based on local rainfall. Similar to other Tropical Sages, Lady in Red thrives in full-sun to partial shade and requires rich garden soil. It is a tender perennial in areas with moderate winters and a lovely annual bedding plant elsewhere. Tropical Sage (Salvia coccinea) existed in the American Southeast, Central A	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,297	What is the provincial capital of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia?	Halifax, the Capital of Nova Scotia, Canada Updated: 11/29/2014 About Halifax, Nova Scotia Halifax is the capital of the province of Nova Scotia , Canada. The largest urban area in the Atlantic provinces , Halifax looks out over one of the world's largest natural harbours and is an important seaport. Nature lovers will find sandy beaches, beautiful gardens and hiking, birding and beachcombing. Urbanites can enjoy the symphony, live theatre, art galleries and museums, and a lively nightlife. Halifax is an affordable city that provides a mix of Canadian history and modern living, with the constant influence of the sea. Location of Halifax, Nova Scotia Halifax is located in the centre of the east coast of Nova Scotia facing the North Atlantic Ocean. Area of the Halifax Regional Municipality 5,490.28 sq. km (2,119.81 sq. miles) (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Population of the Halifax Regional Municipality 390,096 (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Date Halifax Incorporated as a City Halifax was incorporated as a city in 1841. In 1996 it was amalgamated with neighbouring communities into the Halifax Regional Municipality. Government of Halifax Halifax municipal elections are held every four years on the third Saturday in October. Date of the last Halifax municpal election: Saturday, October 20, 2012 Date of the next Halifax municpal election: Saturday, October 15, 2016 The Halifax Regional Council is the main governing and legislative body for the Halifax Regional Municipality. The Halifax Regional Council is made up of 17 elected representatives: the mayor and 16 municipal councillors. Trans Canada Trail Weather in Halifax Halifax weather is influenced by the ocean. Winters are mild and summers are cool. Halifax is foggy and misty, with fog on more than 100 days of the year, especially in spring and early summer. Winters in Halifax are moderate, but wet with both rain and snow. The average high temperature in January is 2°C (29°F). Spring comes slowly, and eventually arrives in April. It too brings rain and fog. Summers in Halifax are short, but beautiful. In July the average high temperature is 23°C (74°F). By late summer or early fall, Halifax may feel the tail end of a hurricane or tropical storm.	Port of Spain, capital city of Trinidad and Tobago All... Port of Spain, capital city of Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain is the cultural and political heart of Trinidad and Tobago, stretching from the foothills of the Northern Range to the shores of the Gulf of Paria. Once a muddy little seaport, the city has grown to become one of the Caribbean's busiest commercial centers and a hub of artistic activity. The best way to explore the city is on foot. In the downtown area, start your visit at Independence Square, which is dissected by the Brian Lara Promenade. Locals playing chess under the shady trees are a common sight, and visitors can often catch a free street performance around the square in the afternoons. The promenade's western half is dominated by the International Waterfront Centre, one of the most ambitious construction projects sponsored by the former government. The complex includes a luxurious hotel, theater space, a waterfront park, shops and a large conference center. At the end of the promenade sits the Roman Catholic Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception. Built in 1832, the church is known for its beautiful stained-glass windows that tell the story of Trinidad's history in glorious colors and details. Beyond the cathedral lies the streets of the old Spanish town. The city is home to a handful of interesting museums. The most popular is the National Museum, situated at the Savannah district's southern end on Frederick Street. The vast permanent collection highlights the colonial history and recent past of the island. The highlight of the museum is the exhibition detailing the lives and work of the La Borde family who from 1969 to 1973 became the first Trinidadians to circle the globe in the Hummingbird, a small yacht. The family completed a second circumnavigation in the Hummingbird II, which is now on display next to the museum. The National Library is also worth a visit. Located at the corner of Abercromby and Hart Streets, the collection highlights West Indian works and provides a good introduction to the heritage of the island's people. The complex also includes a cinema and amphitheater. Another fascinating sight is the Museum of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service. Located in the old police headquarters, the museum outlines the history of the service and is open on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. The city's largest green space is the Queen's Park Savannah. The park is often filled with kite-flyers, cricketers, picnickers and joggers in addition to vendors selling local treats like coconuts and oysters. The 260-acre park is over 180 years old, giving it the distinction of being the West Indies' oldest recreation grounds. Not far from the park is the recently renovated Emperor Valley Zoo, home to hundreds of animals, walking paths and a chic outdoor cafe. The nearby Botanical Gardens are home to some of the oldest trees and plants in the hemisphere, and more than 200 species of orchids grow on the lush grounds. The best time to visit Port of Spain is during Carnival, an extravagant celebration held in the days before Lent. Calypso competitions, parades, music performances and dances take over the city streets, and locals don elaborate costumes as they dance to soca and steel drum bands until the wee hours. Port of Spain Geographical Location Port of Spain is located to the north of Trinidad and Tobago facing the Caroni Swamp and Gulf of Paria. Although it is only the third largest city in Trinidad and Tobago, it is the most developed. The population of Port of Prince according to its last census in 2000 was 50,000 people. Port of Spain Language Although Spanish is spoken in Port of Spain, the official language is English. A Caribbean dialect of Hindi is also spoken in some areas as well as French and Chinese. Port of Spain Predominant Religion 26% Roman Catholic	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,298	Mock Turtle Soup is traditionally made from the head of a?	The Kitchen Project - "Turtle Soup and Mock Turtle Soup " About TURTLE SOUP by Janet Clarkson Turtle soup was popular in the 19th century probably as a symbol of opulence - particularly during the Victorian era. It was considered essential at ceremonial dinners - for example it was always on the menu for the Lord Mayors banquets in London. The soup was made from the green cartilage that lines the shell of the turtle (no doubt the meat was added too) - this gave it a particularly gelatinous texture. I suspect it was food snobbery which helped make it popular - it was imported and therefore expensive, and only for the wealthy. I suppose this led inevitably to the "Mock" variety appearing in the early 1800's. Apparently 15,000 turtles a year were imported into England from the Cayman Islands (to my knowledge it is the only place in the world which now has farmed green turtles) They nearly became extinct in many areas, and are still protected in most places. I suppose that meant that Mock Turtle was the only turtle soup for anyone! I did read once that Abe Lincoln was a thrifty chap - so no doubt this is why he personally ordered the soup for that day. Mock Turtle Soup Mrs. Beeton (first ed 1861) She gives 2 recipes, and the second one (called "More Economical") uses veal knuckle. A knuckle of veal weighing 5 or 6 lbs., 2 cow heels, 2 large onions stuck with cloves, 1 bunch of sweet herbs, 3 blades of mace, 4 quarts of water. Put all the ingredients, except the forcemeat balls and lemon juice in an earthen jar, and stew for 6 hours. Do not open it till cold, When wanted for use, skim off all the fat, and strain carefully; place it on the fire, cut up the meat into inch and a half squares, put it, with the forcemeat balls and lemon juice, into the soup, and serve. It can be flavoured with a teaspoonful of anchovy, or Harvey's sauce. Sufficient for 10 persons she says. Forcemeat balls She gives a lot of recipes for different forcemeat balls for various dishes - the one for turtle soup is "Soyer's recipe" (he got around that guy) Take a pound and a half of lean veal from the fillet, and cut it in long thin slices; scrape with a knife till nothing but the fibre remains; put it in a mortar, pound it 10 minutes, or until a puree; pass it through a wire sieve (use the remainder in stock); then take 1 pound of good fresh beef suet, which skin, shred, and chop very fine; put in a mortar and pound it; then add 6oz of panada (that is, bread soaked in milk and boiled till nearly dry) with the suet; pound them well together, add the veal,; season with a teaspoonful of salt, a quarter of one of pepper, half that of nutmeg; work all well together; then add four and eggs by degrees, continually pounding the contents of the mortar. When well mixed, take small pieces in a spoon, and poach in some boiling water; and if it is delicate, firm, and of a good flavour, it is ready for use. Mock Turtle Soup 2 From Mary Randolph's, The Virginia Housewife . It was first printed in 1824, and this recipe comes from the 1860 edition Have a large head(of a calf or veal) cleaned nicely without taking off the skin, divide the chop from the front of the head, take out the tongue, (which is best when salted,) put on the head with a gallon of water, the hock of a ham or a piece of nice pork, four or five onions, thyme, parsley, cloves and nutmeg, pepper and salt, boil all these together until the flesh on the head is quite tender, then take it up, cut all into small pieces, take the eyes out carefully, strain the water in which it was boiled, add half a pint of wine and a g	1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? 3. If Alpha is 1, and Beta is 2, what is 6? 4. If Tony Blackburn won in 2002, Phil Tuffnell won in 2003, and Kerry Katona won in 2004, who won in 2007? 5. If David Lloyd George is 1, Andrew Bonal Law is 2, and Stanley Baldwin is 3, who is 4? 6. If Liverpool won in 2006, and Chelsea won in 2007, who won in 2008? 7. How many pints does a 10- gallon hat hold? 8. Who was murdered by Fitzurse, de Tracy, de Morville and Le Breton? 9. Who presents Location, Location, Location with Phil Spencer? 10. From what ancient activity does the word ‘crestfallen’ come? 11. What non-mechanical sport achieves the highest speeds? 12. What major city is on an island in the St Lawrence river? 13. Who succeeded Alf Ramsey to become caretaker manger for the English national football team in 1974? 14. What did Britain’s roads first acquire in 1914? 15. Which former Liverpool player held the record for the fastest hat-trick, scoring 3 goals in less than 5 minutes? 16. Myleen Klass (pictured) now presents 10 Years Younger on Channel 4, but what was the name of the pop band that gave her success in 2001? 17. Who was the presenter of Out Of Town in the 1960s who went on to appear on the children’s TV programme How? 18. Whose autobiography is called Dear Fatty? 19. Who were Tom and Barbara’s neighbours in The Good Life? 20. In Cockney rhyming slang what are your ‘Daisy Roots’? 21. What is the surname of the twin brothers who compiled the Guinness Book of Records together between 1955 and 1975? 22. Which actor played Columbo? 23. Does the Bactrian camel have one hump, or two? 24. Where is the world's largest four-faced chiming clock? 25. Concerned about the impact of uncontrolled development and industrialisation, what National Charity was founded in 1895 by three Victorian philanthropists, Miss Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley? 26. What famous make of motorcycle was Lawrence of Arabia riding when he was tragically killed in Dorset in 1936? 27. What colour of flag should a ship fly to show it is in quarantine? 28. Purple Brittlegill, Velvet Shank and Orange Milkcap are three types of what? 29. What is the name of the flats where the Trotters lived in Only Fools And Horses? 30. In computing, what does the abbreviation USB stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Saturn; 2. Tom Baker (Doctor Who actors); 3. Zeta; 4. Christopher Biggins. (I’m a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here. Joe Pasquale 04, Carol Thatcher 05, Matt Willis 06, and Joe Swash 08); 5. Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Ministers post WW1); 6. Portsmouth (FA Cup); 7. 6; 8. Thomas Becket; 9. Kirstie Allsopp; 10. Cockfighting; 11. Sky-diving; 12. Montreal; 13. Joe Mercer; 14. White Lines; 15. Robbie Fowler; 16. Hearsay; 17. Jack Hargreaves; 18. Dawn French; 19. Margo and Jerry Leadbetter; 20. Boots; 21. McWhirter (Ross and Norris); 22. Peter Falk; 23. Two; 24. The Clock Tower on the Palace of Westminster in London (Big Ben is the nickname for the bell); 25. The National Trust; 26. Brough Superior; 27. Yellow; 28. Fungi; 29. Nelson Mandela House; 30. Universal Serial Bus Like us on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,299	Upminster and Wimbledon are termini of which London Underground line ?	District to 013 Check Front of Train Between Hornchurch and Upminster Bridge 3 mins District to 125 Check Front of Train Between Becontree and Dagenham East 11 mins District to 014 Check Front of Train Between Upney and Dagenham Heathway 13 mins District to 126 Check Front of Train At East Ham Platform 2 22 mins District to 067 Check Front of Train At West Ham Platform 2 28 mins	London Underground Tube Map - Circle Line Map London Underground Tube Map Home > Maps of England > Circle Line Map The Circle line, coloured yellow on the tube map, is the eighth busiest line on the London Underground. It forms a loop line around the centre of London on the north side of the River Thames. Platforms are 120 metres long in the south and 130 metres long on the part of the track shared with the Metropolitan line.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,300	"What musical term means ""an immediate reduction in pace""?"	Music Theory Dictionary - The Method Behind the Music The Method Behind The Music Contact Us Jargon This is a quick guide to common music terms. It should smooth out confusions caused by too much music jargon. A Accent An accent is an emphasis on one note. Accents come in three types: dynamic, agogic, and tonic. This is the accent symbol <. Accelerando Italian. (accel). Directs the musicians to play with gradually increasing tempo. Accidental Symbols which are used to raised or lower the pitch of a note by one half step. Ex: sharps, flats, and naturals. Adagio Italian. (affret.) Quickening or hurrying. Allargando Italian. Gradually slower, louder, and broader. Allegretto Italian. (alltto.) Light and cheerful, faster than moderato, slower than allegro. Allegro Italian. A fast tempo. In Italian the word means lively or merry. Andante Italian. A moderately slow tempo. In Italian the word means walking. Arpeggation Playing the notes of a chord one after the other. Assai The vertical lines drawn across the staff to indicate the measures in a musical composition. Beam A broad, straight line connecting two or more eighth notes. Beat The steady pulse of music. Beats form the basis of sense of musical time. Blue tone Blue tones ('worried' tones) are tones that are between the diatonic and flatted thirds and sevenths, which characterize the blues scales. Blues scale A major scale with a flat third and seventh. It must be remembered that the flat third and seventh were sometimes 'worried' notes, thus their pitches did not always correspond to equal-tempered tuning. Boogie-woogie A modern blues style created for instrumental application. Boogie-woogie is characterized by adaptation of the ground bass principle - a repetitious bass figure that suggests the blues chord progression. Brio Italian With vigor and spirit. C A melody that can be sung against itself in imitation. Also called a round. Chord A combination of three or more pitches sounding at the same time. Chordal Texture A texture in which the musical material is concentrated into chords with relatively little melodic activity. Circle of Fifths A clockface arrangement of the twelve pitches in the order of the number of accidentals in the key signature. Common Time - C Another name for a 4/4 meter signature, sometimes written as a large capital C in place of a meter signature. Compound Division The division of the beat into three equal parts. Compound Meter A meter in which the beats have a compound division. Consonance A combination of sounds producing a feeling of stability, or of little desire for resolution. Crescendo Italian. (cresc.) A gradual increase in loudness. Cut Time Another name for the 2/2 meter signature, it is written as a large capital C with a line drawn vertically through it. D Italian. (D.C.) Repeat from the beginning. Dal segno Italian. (D.S.) Repeat from sign. Degree One of the notes in a scale. Degrees are usually numbered starting with the tonic. Decrescendo Italian. (decresc.) A gradual decrease in loudness. Diatonic Any one of the common scales made of whole and half steps in a particular pattern. The white keys on a piano instrument from a diatonic scale. Diminuendo A combination of sounds that produce harsh, discordant results, and increase the desire for resolution. Do The solfeggio syllable that corresponds to the tonic. Dolce Italian. (dol.) Softly, sweetly, delicately. Dominant The fifth scale degree of a diatonic scale. The solfeggio syllable Sol corresponds to the Dominant. Double Flat A symbol written to the left of the note head, which lowers the pitch by a whole step. It is double the effect of a single flat. The symbol looks like two flats connected. Double Sharp Written to the left of a note, The double sharp raises the pitch of a note by a whole step. It is double the effect of a single sharp. The symbol looks like an X. Duple Meter A meter that consists of two beats. Dynamic Accent Often indicated with an accent sign, This is an accent created when one note is louder than surrounding notes. E Two tones having the same pitch but differ	Glossary of Musical Terms Glossary of Musical Terms One or more vocalists performing without an accompaniment. Accelerando - A symbol used in musical notation indicating to gradually quicken tempo. Accessible - Music that is easy to listen to and understand. Adagio - A tempo having slow movement; restful at ease. Allegro - A direction to play lively and fast. Atonal - Music that is written and performed without regard to any specific key. Baroque - Time in music history ranging from the middle of the 16th to the middle of the 17th centuries. Characterized by emotional, flowery music; written in strict form. Beat - The unit of musical rhythm. Cadence - A sequence of chords that brings an end to a phrase, either in the middle or the end of a composition. Cadenza - Initially an improvised cadence by a soloist; later becoming an elaborate and written out passage in an aria or concerto, featuring the skills of an instrumentalist or vocalist. Cadenza - Originally an improvised cadence by a soloist. Later it became a written out passage to display performance skills of an instrumentalist or performer. Canon - A musical form where the melody or tune is imitated by individual parts at regular intervals. The individual parts may enter at different measures and pitches. The tune may also be played at different speeds, backwards, or inverted. Cantabile - A style of singing which is characterized by the easy and flowing tone of the composition. Cantata - Music written for chorus and orchestra. Most often religious in nature. Capriccio - A quick, improvisational, spirited piece of music. Carol - A song or hymn celebrating Christmas. Castrato - Male singers who were castrated to preserve their alto and soprano vocal range. Cavatina - A short and simple melody performed by a soloist that is part of a larger piece. Chamber music - Written for 2 to 10 solo parts featuring one instrument to a part. Each part bears the same importance. Chant - Singing in unison, texts in a free rhythm. Similar to the rhythm of speech. Choir - Group of singers in a chorus. Chorale - A hymn sung by the choir and congregation often in unison. Chord - 3 or 4 notes played simultaneously in harmony. Chord progression - A string of chords played in succession. Chorus - A group singing in unison. Chromatic scale - Includes all twelve notes of an octave. Classical - The period of music history which dates from the mid 1700s to mid 1800s. The music was spare and emotionally reserved, especially when compared to Romantic and Boroque music. Classicism - The period of music history which dates from the mid 1800s and lasted about sixty years. There was a strong regard for order and balance. Clavier - The keyboard of a stringed instrument. Clef - In sheet music, a symbol at the beginning of the staff defining the pitch of the notes found in that particular staff. Coda - Closing section of a movement. Concert master - The first violin in an orchestra. Concerto - A composition written for a solo instrument. The soloist plays the melody while the orchestra plays the accompaniment. Conductor - One who directs a group of performers. The conductor indicates the tempo, phrasing, dynamics, and style by gestures and facial expressions. Consonance - Groups of tones that are harmonious when sounded together as in a chord. Contralto - Two or three melodic lines played at the same time. Courante - A piece of music written in triple time. Also an old French dance. Da Capo - In sheet music, an instruction to repeat the beginning of the piece before stopping on the final chord. Deceptive cadence - A chord progression that seems to lead to resolving itself on the final chord; but does not. Development - Where the musical themes and melodies are developed, written in sonata form. Dissonance - Harsh, discordant, and lack of harmony. Also a chord that sounds incomplete until it resolves itself on a harmonious chord. Drone - Dull, monotonous tone such as a humming or buzzing sound. Also a bass note held under a melody. Duet - A piece of music wri	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,301	According to Winston Churchill, in a speech of 1946, the Iron Curtain ran from Stettin in the Baltic to which other port?	Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill Share By Jennifer Rosenberg Nine months after Sir Winston Churchill failed to be reelected as Britain's Prime Minister, Churchill traveled by train with President Harry Truman to make a speech. On March 5, 1946, at the request of Westminster College in the small Missouri town of Fulton (population of 7,000), Churchill gave his now famous "Iron Curtain" speech to a crowd of 40,000. In addition to accepting an honorary degree from the college, Churchill made one of his most famous post-war speeches. In this speech, Churchill gave the very descriptive phrase that surprised the United States and Britain, "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent." Before this speech, the U.S. and Britain had been concerned with their own post-war economies and had remained extremely grateful for the Soviet Union's proactive role in ending World War II . It was Churchill's speech, which he titled "The Sinews of Peace," that changed the way the democratic West viewed the Communist East. continue reading below our video 4 Tips for Improving Test Performance Though many people believe that Churchill coined the phrase "the iron curtain" during this speech, the term had actually been used for decades (including in several earlier letters from Churchill to Truman). Churchill's use of the phrase gave it wider circulation and made the phrase popularly recognized as the division of Europe into East and West. Many people consider Churchill's "iron curtain speech" the beginning of the Cold War. Below is Churchill's "The Sinews of Peace" speech, also commonly referred to as the "Iron Curtain" speech, in its entirety. "The Sinews of Peace" by Winston Churchill I am glad to come to Westminster College this afternoon, and am complimented that you should give me a degree. The name "Westminster" is somehow familiar to me. I seem to have heard of it before. Indeed, it was at Westminster that I received a very large part of my education in politics, dialectic, rhetoric, and one or two other things. In fact we have both been educated at the same, or similar, or, at any rate, kindred establishments. It is also an honour, perhaps almost unique, for a private visitor to be introduced to an academic audience by the President of the United States. Amid his heavy burdens, duties, and responsibilities - unsought but not recoiled from - the President has travelled a thousand miles to dignify and magnify our meeting here to-day and to give me an opportunity of addressing this kindred nation, as well as my own countrymen across the ocean, and perhaps some other countries too. The President has told you that it is his wish, as I am sure it is yours, that I should have full liberty to give my true and faithful counsel in these anxious and baffling times. I shall certainly avail myself of this freedom, and feel the more right to do so because any private ambitions I may have cherished in my younger days have been satisfied beyond my wildest dreams. Let me, however, make it clear that I have no official mission or status of any kind, and that I speak only for myself. There is nothing here but what you see. I can therefore allow my mind, with the experience of a lifetime, to play over the problems which beset us on the morrow of our absolute victory in arms, and to try to make sure with what strength I have that what has been gained with so much sacrifice and suffering shall be preserved for the future glory and safety of mankind. The United States stands at this time at the pinnacle of world power. It is a solemn moment for the American Democracy. For with primacy in power is also joined an awe-inspiring accountability to the future. If you look around you, you must feel not only the sense of duty done but also you must feel anxiety lest you fall below the level of achievement. Opportunity is here now, clear and shining for both our countries. To reject it or ignore it or fritter it away will bring upon us all the long reproaches of the after-time. It is necessary that co	BBC - History - Hitler plans the invasion of Britain (pictures, video, facts & news) Hitler plans the invasion of Britain Hitler plans the invasion of Britain July 1940 After the invasion and defeat of France in June 1940, Hitler turned his attention to the invasion of Britain, the last country in Western Europe to stand against him. Photo: Hitler giving his 'Last Appeal to Reason' speech to the German Reichstag at the Kroll Opera House in Berlin, 19 July 1940. (akg-images/Ullstein Bild) Features in: Public reaction to the imminent invasion of Britain Public reaction to the imminent invasion of Britain Frank Scrivener and Bill Pertwee remember how England's southern coast became like a fortress in preparation for the anticipated German invasion. German scepticism about the planned invasion of Britain German naval officers describe their scepticism about the likely success of the planned invasion of Britain. History was part of Churchill's life A.J.P. Taylor describes how Churchill often turned to historical precedents. The credibility of Hitler's speeches Simon Sebag Montefiore explains why Hitler's speeches were so convincing. The historian Simon Sebag Montefiore assesses Hitler's oratorical skills and explains why his rhetoric could have convinced the German people he had 'good' intentions. Ed Murrow Describes the Dunkirk Evacuation Ed Murrow describes the evacuation of Dunkirk. Ed Murrow, the American broadcast journalist, describes the evacuation of Dunkirk, the effect on the British population, and preparations to defend against a German invasion. More information about: Hitler plans the invasion of Britain "Eliminate the English motherland" Following six weeks of fighting in May and June, France yielded to the Nazi invasion. After the French armistice was signed on 22 June, Britain was the only country resisting Germany. Hitler did not particularly wish to invade Britain; after the fall of France, he assumed the British would simply surrender. Hitler was therefore surprised when Britain did not surrender. On 16 July, he issued 'Directive Number 16'. This authorised detailed preparations for an invasion landing in Britain, codenamed Operation Sealion. It stated: "The aim of this operation is to eliminate the English motherland as a base from which war against Germany can be continued, and, if this should become unavoidable, to occupy it to the full extent". Defeat the RAF, then invade Initially, Directive 16 envisaged a landing along the southern coast of England, from Lyme Regis in Dorset to Ramsgate in Kent. The German navy would contain the Royal Navy in the North Sea and the Mediterranean, and would sweep the English Channel for mines. Most significantly, the German military leadership agreed that the Luftwaffe must defeat the RAF before the invasion could take place, so that it could not attack the German forces from the air as they were transported across the Channel. German forces planned to begin the air attack on 5 August. They set no specific date for the invasion, as it was dependent on the success of the air battle. However Hitler wanted all preparations to be completed by mid-August. As the Germans now controlled the entire coastline of the North Sea and France, the Luftwaffe were within easy striking distance of most of Britain. Hermann Goering, the head of the Luftwaffe, drew up plans to destroy RAF Fighter Command in just four days. Arrest political leaders, writers and journalists Other preparations for the invasion included locating all available sea and river craft in Germany and training troops in amphibious landings. The Nazis also set out how the occupying German authorities in Britain would be organised. Amongst other tasks they planned to arrest key people who could pose a threat to their regime. The SS’s "Black Book" contained a list of targets, including Churchill and other political leaders, and writers and journalists such as Noel Coward, H.G. Wells and E.M. Forster. Whilst the Germans savoured their victory over France and began detailing their preparations for the	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,302	The Household Cavalry is made up of two regiments, the Life Guards and which other regiment?	Household Cavalry \| Military Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Soldiers of the Blues and Royals and Life Guards performing ceremonial duties at Windsor The Household Cavalry as a whole is split into two different units which fulfil two very distinct roles. These are both joint units, consisting of personnel from both regiments. Like other Cavalry formations, the Household Cavalry is divided into regiments ( battalion -sized units) and squadrons ( company -sized sub-units). The whole corps is under the command of the Commander Household Cavalry (formerly Lieutenant-Colonel Commanding Household Cavalry), who also holds the Royal Household appointment of Silver Stick in Waiting. He is a Colonel , and is assisted by a retired lieutenant colonel as Regimental Adjutant . The current Commander is Colonel S H Cowan RHG/D. The first unit is the Household Cavalry Regiment (HCR). It has an active operational role as a Formation Reconnaissance Regiment , serving in armoured fighting vehicles , which has seen them at the forefront of the nation's conflicts. The regiment serves as part of the Royal Armoured Corps , and forms one of five formation reconnaissance regiments in the British Army's order of battle. The HCR has four operational squadrons, three of which are traditional medium reconnaissance squadrons equipped with the combat vehicle reconnaissance (tracked) or CVR(T) range of vehicles (Scimitar, Spartan, Sultan, Samson and Samaritan) and the fourth is referred to as Command and Support Squadron and includes specialists such as Forward Air Controllers . One of HCR's squadrons is assigned to the airborne role with 16 Air Assault Brigade as of 2003. The Regiment is based at Combermere Barracks , Windsor, one mile from Windsor Castle . The men of the Household Division have sometimes been required to undertake special tasks as the Sovereign’s personal troops. The Household Cavalry were called to Windsor Castle on 20 November 1992, to assist with salvage operations following the 'Great Fire' . The second unit is the Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment (HCMR), which is horsed and carries out mounted (and some dismounted) ceremonial duties on State and Royal occasions. These include the provision of a Sovereign's Escort, most commonly seen on The Queen's Birthday Parade ( Trooping the Colour ) in June each year. Other occasions include State Visits by visiting Heads of State, or whenever required by the British monarch . The regiment also mounts the guard at Horse Guards . HCMR consists of one squadron from The Life Guards and one from The Blues and Royals and a squadron called Headquarters Squadron which is responsible for all administrative matters and includes regimental headquarters (RHQ), the Riding Staff, Farriers, Tailors and Saddlers. The Regiment has been based (in various forms) at Hyde Park Barracks , Knightsbridge , since 1795. This is three-quarters of a mile from Buckingham Palace. Rank structure Edit Trooper of the Blues and Royals The rank names and insignia of non-commissioned officers in the Household Cavalry are unique in the British Army: Privates in the Household Cavalry, as in several of the regiments in the Royal Armoured Corps , are called " Troopers " Technically, Lance Corporal of Horse is an appointment rather than a rank: a new Household Cavalry corporal is automatically and immediately appointed lance corporal of horse (LCoH), and is referred to as such thereafter. The Warrant Officer ranks are the same as the rest of the army, but appointments include Regimental Quartermaster Corporal and Squadron Corporal Major (WO2) and Farrier Corporal Major and Regimental Corporal Major (WO1), again excluding the word sergeant. Formerly, sergeant was exclusively an infantry rank: no cavalry regiment had sergeants. Only the Household Cavalry now maintains this tradition, possibly because sergeant derives from the Latin serviens (meaning servant) and members of the Household Cavalry, once drawn exclusively from the gentry and aristocracy, could not abide such a title. However this origin may be apocryphal, since ser	17th Lancers (Duke of Cambridge's Own) \| Famous Units \| Research \| National Army Museum, London 17th Lancers (Duke of Cambridge's Own) Share this page Last updated: 23 May 2016 Other ranks’ cap badge of the 17th (Duke of Cambridge’s Own) Lancers, c1898 NAM. 1955-03-269 Introduction In 1759 Colonel Hale of the 47th Foot was sent back to Britain with the news of General Wolfe’s death at the Battle of Quebec. As a reward, he was commissioned to raise the 17th Light Dragoons. In memory of Wolfe’s death, their cap badge is a skull and crossed bones and their motto ‘Death or Glory’. They first served overseas during the American Revolutionary War, where they fought at Bunker Hill and were the only regular unit in Tarleton’s Legion. They fought in the West Indies for eight years early in the French Revolutionary Wars, gaining the unusual nickname of ‘Horse Marines’ when two troops of the regiment embarked on HMS Success, which was then without its Royal Marine contingent. In 1806 the regiment was sent to reinforce the British force sent to capture the Spanish colony of Buenos Aires, and then in 1808 to India to protect the interests of the East India Company. They finally returned to Britain in 1823 and found out en route that the Army List had converted them into a Lancers regiment. The 17th Lancers in the Charge of the Light Brigade at Balaklava, 1854 NAM. 2002-07-339 They spent the next 30 years on garrison duty in Britain and Ireland. During this time, in 1842, Queen Victoria’s grandson the Duke of Cambridge became their colonel-in-chief - the unit took his name as part of its own in 1876. In 1854 they were sent to the Crimea, where they took part in the Charge of the Light Brigade and three years later were sent to India as reinforcements during the Mutiny there. They also fought in the Zulu and Boer Wars. Despite not being an Indian Army unit, they were deployed to the Western Front as part of the 1st Indian Cavalry Division in October 1914, serving in the trenches and only resuming mounted duties in early 1918. They then spent two years in Ireland until 1921, when they returned to Britain. There, again in recognition of their repeated service in India, they were merged in 1922 with the 21st Lancers (Empress of India’s) , a former East India Company unit, to form the 17th/21st Lancers . Key facts The Death or Glory Boys The Horse Marines Bingham's Dandies (from the elaborate uniforms required by its commander Lord Bingham, later known as Lord Lucan and also famous for ordering the Charge of the Light Brigade) The Tots	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,303	What is the name of the Cambridge University dramatic club whose presidents have included Peter Cook, Hugh Laurie and David Mitchell ?	David Mitchell at University... with Richard Ayoade and John Oliver! : MitchellAndWebb (1 child) Cool photo. I imagine this is from when they were all in Footlights together, where Mitchell (and later Ayoade) were both President. Robert Webb, Olivia Colman and James Bachmann were all in Footlights as well. EDIT: From the looks of it, other people who would have been there at the time include brilliant comedian Simon Munnery, Matthew Holness, known for Garth Marenghi's Darkplace (also brilliant), stand-up comedian Tim Key, and... Shadow Education Secretary Tristram Hunt. Hmm.	Dudley Moore - Biography - IMDb Dudley Moore Biography Showing all 50 items Jump to: Overview (5) \| Mini Bio (1) \| Spouse (4) \| Trade Mark (1) \| Trivia (31) \| Personal Quotes (8) Overview (5) 5' 2½" (1.59 m) Mini Bio (1) Dudley Moore, the gifted comedian who had at least three distinct career phases that brought him great acclaim and success, actually started out as a musical prodigy as a child. He was born in Dagenham, Essex, England, in 1935, to working class parents, Ada Francis (Hughes), an English secretary, and John Havlin Moore, a Scottish railway electrician (originally from Glasgow). Dudley won a music scholarship to Magdalen College, Oxford, to study the organ. At university, he also studied composition and became a classically trained pianist, though his forte on the piano for public performance was jazz. After graduating from Magdalen College in 1958, Moore was offered a position as organist at King's College, Cambridge, but turned it down in order to go to London and pursue a music and acting career. Fellow Oxonian Alan Bennett (Exter Colelge, B.A., Medieval History, 1957) had already recommended him to John Bassett, who was putting together a satirical comedy revue called "Beyond The Fringe". "Beyond The Fringe" was to be Moore's first brush with fame, along with co-stars Bennett, future theatrical director Jonathan Miller (now Sir Jonathan, who studied Medicine at Cambridge and was a physician), and Peter Cook , who was destined to become Moore's comic partner during the 1960s and '70s. It was Miller who had recommended Cook for "Beyond the Fringe", in much the same way that Bennett had bird-dogged Moore. Cook, who had studied modern languages at Cambridge, had been part of the famous Cambridge theatrical, the Footlights revue in 1959, had subsequently gone to London to star in a West End revue for Kenneth Williams , "Pieces of Eight". This old-fashioned review was such a success there was a sequel, "One Over The Eight". He was advised by his agent not to star in the fringe with the three others as he was a professional whereas they were amateurs. Ironically, the great success of "Beyond the Fringe", which was a new kind of satirical comedy, would doom the very old-fashioned reviews that Cook had just tasted success in. "Beyond the Fringe" not only won great acclaim in the UK, but it was a hit in the U.S.. The four won a special Tony Award in 1963 for their Broadway production of "Beyond The Fringe" and there was a television program made of the revue in 1964. Moore and Cook were offered the TV show Not Only... But Also (1965) by the BBC in 1965. Peter Cook was on as a guest. Their pairing was so successful, it enjoyed a second season in 1966 and a third in 1970. They were particularly funny as the working-class characters "Pete" and "Dud". The duo then broke into the movies, including The Wrong Box (1966) and Bedazzled (1967). In 1974, the duo won their second Tony Award for their show "Good Night", which was the stage version of their TV series "Not Only... But Also". In the mid- to late 1970s, they issued three comic albums in the guise of the characters "Derek" and "Clive" (Moore and Cook, respectively), two lavatory attendants that many viewed as reincarnations of their earlier TV characters "Pete" and "Dud". The albums, ad libbed in a recording studio while the two drank vast quantities of alcohol, were noted at the time for their obscenity. Their typical routine was a stream-of-consciousness fugue by Cook, interspersed with interjections by Moore. With their obscenity-laden, free-formed riffs, Derke and Clive presaged the more free-wheeling shock comedy of the 1980s and '90s. After marrying American actress Tuesday Weld in 1975, Moore moved to the U.S. and began a second career as a solo screen comedian, stealing the show from Chevy Chase and Goldie Hawn as the horny conductor in the movie comedy, Foul Play (1978). When George Segal dropped out of the movie 10 (1979), director Blake Edwards cast Moore in the lead role as the composer undergoing a mid-life crisis. It was a huge hit, but was sur	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,304	Which Spanish confectionary company’s logo was designed in 1969 by artist Salvador Dalí?	Salvador Dalí's Real Masterpiece: The Logo For Chupa Chups Lollipops \| Co.Design \| business + design Salvador Dalí's Real Masterpiece: The Logo For Chupa Chups Lollipops Working at a cafe table for an hour, Salvador Dalí managed to design a logo that’s sold billions. Recent posts Follow The Life Of Plastic In Photos, From The Factory To The Ocean This Company Is Challenging Apple's Design Empire With A $129 Computer William Gibson's "Neuromancer" Gets A Cover Made With--What Else?--Code Everything Is Awful So Let's All Escape To This Treehouse For Grown-Ups Belinda Lanks 03.08.12 9:22 AM Salvador Dalí, the wacky surrealist known for his signature pointy mustache and painting melting clocks, was also graphic designer behind the classic Chupa Chups—an enduringly sweet, bright rendition of a daisy. The Catalan lollipop made its first appearance in 1958, when the company founder Enric Bernat hatched the idea of placing a bonbon on a stick. He called the product "GOL," imagining the candy as a soccer ball and the open mouth a net. It didn’t go over well. So Bernat hired an ad agency that renamed his product "Chupa Chups" (from the Spanish chupar, meaning "to suck"). All that was left was the branding. In 1969 , Bernat complained about what he had while having coffee with his artist friend—none other than Salvador Dalí. You need a logo?! According to lore , the painter went to work immediately, doodling for an hour on newspapers that were laying around. Dalí's version masterfully integrated the wordmark into the daisy design, and has hardly changed since. And Phaidon points us to one subtle, extremely smart feature of the design: Acutely aware of presentation, Dalí insisted that his design be placed on top of the lolly, rather than the side, so that it could always be viewed intact. It’s proved to be one of the most enduring pieces of branding ever and one that’s still used today, four billion sales later. What would induce the famous artist to take on such a project? Dinero. The guy rarely turned it down, causing surrealist poet André Breton to nickname him "Avida Dollars"—an anagram of Dalí's name that roughly translates to "eager for cash." [Image: p4nc0np4n ] Never miss a story.	Account Suspended Account Suspended This Account has been suspended. Contact your hosting provider for more information.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,305	In what year did US singer Del Shannon die?	Del Shannon dies of a self-inflicted gunshot wound - Feb 08, 1990 - HISTORY.com Del Shannon dies of a self-inflicted gunshot wound Share this: Del Shannon dies of a self-inflicted gunshot wound Author Del Shannon dies of a self-inflicted gunshot wound URL Publisher A+E Networks Born Charles Westover in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 1934, the singer/songwriter known as Del Shannon committed suicide on this day in 1990. In a period when the American pop charts were dominated by cookie-cutter teen idols and novelty acts, he stood out as an all-too-rare example of an American pop star whose work reflected real originality. His heyday as a chart-friendly star in the United States may have been brief, but on the strength of his biggest hit alone he deserves to be regarded as one of rock and roll’s greatest. Legend has it that while on stage one night at the Hi-Lo Lounge in Battle Creek, Michigan, in 1960, the young and unknown Del Shannon stopped his band mid-song to have his organ player repeat, over and over, an unusual chord sequence he had just ad-libbed: A-minor to G. Charlie went to work the next day in his job as a carpet salesman with those chords stuck in his mind, and by the time he took the stage that night, he’d written a song called “Little Runaway” around them—(A-minor) As I walk along I (G) wonder, what went wrong…”. It would be three more months before Shannon and his band could make it to a New York recording studio to record the song that Shannon now saw as his best, and possibly last, shot at stardom. As he told Billboard magazine years later, “I just said to myself, if this record isn’t a hit, I’m going back into the carpet business.” Del Shannon sold his last carpet a few months later, as “Runaway” roared up the pop charts on its way to #1 in April 1961. “Hats Off To Larry” and “Keep Searchin’ (We’ll Follow The Sun)” were Shannon’s only other top-10 hits in the United States, but he enjoyed a much bigger career in the UK, where he placed five more songs in the top 10 over the next two years. Like most stars of his generation, Shannon was primarily regarded as an Oldies act through the 70s and 80s, but he was in the midst of a concerted comeback effort in early 1990, with a Jeff Lynne-produced album of original material already completed and rumors swirling of his taking the late Roy Orbison’s place in The Traveling Wilburys. This only added to the shock experienced by many when Shannon shot himself in his Santa Clarita, California, home on February 3, 1990. Shannon’s widow would later file a high-profile lawsuit against Eli Lilly, the manufacturer of the antidepressant Prozac, which Shannon had begun taking shortly before his suicide. That suit was eventually dropped, but the case brought early attention to the still-unresolved question of the possible connection between suicidal ideation and SSRIs, the class of drugs to which Prozac belongs. Related Videos	Download mp3 Del Shannon, buy Del Shannon mp3 music at mp3panda.com Del Shannon on LastFM Biography American rock and roll singer-songwriter Charles Weedon Westover, better known under his stage name Del Shannon was born on December 30, 1934Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States and died on February 8, 1990 Santa Clarita, California, US. He committed suicide shooting himself after depression caused by alcohol abuse. Shannon rose to fame in the beginning of the 1960s with hit single “Runaway”. The song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and on the UK Singles chart. The song was voted number 1 as Legendary Michigan Song. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and in the Rockabilly Hall of Fame. Because of alcoholism, his career went down and he couldn’t repeat the same smashing success, though many of his singles charted, including "Hats Off to Larry", "Hey! Little Girl", "The Swiss Maid" and others. From our site, you can download Del Shannon’s last album in mp3 from our site. Del Shannon	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,306	Mount Toubkal is the highest peak in which range of mountains?	Trekking in Morocco Mt Toubkal 4167m is calling you! We will offer all you need to spend a perfect and a lifetime experience that you have never imagined. We are passionate about trekking in Morocco , and there is no better way to discover Atlas Mountains, its culture, and meet its people, than on foot! Whether you’re travelling in our small guided groups, alone or with friends, our hand picked programs ensure you’ll have an amazing trek! Come & Trekking in Morocco with us! One of the best trekking areas in Morocco is Toubkal region. As you know, Mt Toubkal is the highest peak in North Africa and in Morocco. It is not that far away from Marrakech city. It takes around 1h30 drive to Imlil valley which is the closer starting point of trekking tours towards this highest peak in Morocco. You would need at least 2 days so as to climb up Mt Toubkal, but this is possible if you are fit enough; otherwise it would be better to opt for the 3 days trek which will give enough time to acclimitize and relax after the climb! In addition to trekking in toubkal, you can do other outdoor activities such as mountain biking which can be done from 1 day trip up to 6 days mountain biking around the high atlas mountains and berber villages & valleys. Moreover, you can do ski touring in the high atlas mountains in winter time from end of December till March; we have off piste skiing tours from 2 days up to 6 days skiing in toubkal area. We have other outdoor activities such as horse riding & camel riding in high atlas mountains; we have days trips or long trips too! Another thing, Toubkal area is not the only region where we run our tours, but there are other nice places too such as Mt Mgoun, Mt Siroua, Mt Saghro, Sahara, and Imperial cities! HIGH ATLAS MOUNTAINS Morocco Trekking Trekking through Atlas Mountains in Morocco. The High Atlas is one of three components of the chain of the Moroccan's Atlas. This marks a massive climatic border between the lands of the ocean and those of Moroccan desert , because beyond the High Atlas, the arid expanses of the Sahara begins. Highlight and emblematic site in the region, Jebel Toubkal peaks at over 4000 meters altitude, a visible peak from Marrakech! The High Atlas divides itself into various more or less ancient geological areas and landscapes of this region are as rich and varied between spectacular formation born of chaos reliefs to plateaus and valleys cultivated by the Berber population, who inhabited these places for thousands of years. The Moroccan Sahara is mainly made up of a big rocky plain, which runs from the feet of the Atlantis on the North/East almost to the Atlantic coast, south of Agadir. In Morocco, the desert moves smoothly, the Draa Valley or Wadi Ziz strung a string of villages and lush palm groves, before losing in the dunes of the erg (Chebbi or labidia), which lie at the foot highland last relief before Algeria.Even within the desert you can enjoy different landscapes: the dry, thorny plain where jackals and camels live, the Sahara desert: reign of scorpions and snakes or the northern oasis full of bustle and life. The choice is yours. Trekking in Morocco's sahara is a lifetime experience! A trip to the Sahara desert is definitely an experience everyone should do at least once in his life. The beauty of the desert, its contrasts, its colors, its silence, many memories you will never forget. You walk on foot in the desert with camels carrying your luggage and supplies , and a professional guide as well as a cook who prepares delicious food for your everyday. It is a marvellous experience, just give it a try! come & join us in trekking in morocco's desert in winter time!	Tallest Mountains in the World South America Tallest Mountains in the World The world’s tallest mountains are some of the most majestic and beautiful things that one can be blessed enough to witness in their lifetime. They are all located in Asia and each reach an altitude of over eight thousand meters in height. There are only fourteen mountains in the world that can boast such a height. Below are the ten highest of these fourteen mountains. Mount Everest. Standing at about 29,029 feet (8,848 meters), Everest boasts the top spot for the tallest mountain in the world. It is located on the border between Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal, and Tibet, China and is part of the Himalayan Mountain Range. Although it is the tallest mountain and attracts many climbers of both advanced and limited climbing skill, it is one of the easier mountains to climb. Don’t be mistaken by what we mean by easier, there is still the danger posed by weather changes, winds, temperature and altitude sickness that can make such a long climb difficult, but the terrain is a lot more simple to take than some of the other tallest mountains like K2 or Nanga Parbat. K2 (Mount Godwin-Austen) is located on the border between Pakistan and China and is part of the Himalayan Mountain Range. It is the second highest mountain in the world and is a far more treacherous climb than Everest. In fact, one of every four people that attempts to reach the summit at about 28,251 feet (8,611 meters), dos not live to see the bottom again. Of all of the highest mountains, above eight thousand meters, K2 has the third highest mortality rate. Kangchenjunga, once thought to be the tallest mountain in the world, was stated as the third highest mountain at 28,169 feet (8,586 meters) in 1848. Its name translates to “The Five Treasures of the Snow” and each of these peaks is said to represent the five repositories of God: gold, silver, gems, grain and holy books. This mountain is sacred to Kirant religion and because of this when the first expedition to the summit occurred in 1955; the British exploration team stopped a few feet away from the actual summit out of respect. A tradition which most teams that have successfully reached the summit have honorably followed. Lhotse is the fourth highest mountain on Earth and is connected to Everest at the South Col. It is located on the boarder between Nepal and China and at it highest peak is about 27,940 feet (8,516 meters) high. This mountain is best known for its close proximity to Everest but is special in own right because it is the home of the steepest face of a mountain that is approximately 1.98×1.4 miles in size. This southern face has been the setting for any failed attempts, some notable fatalities and very few successful summit reaches. Makalu is the fifth highest mountain in the world and is located about 14 miles east of Everest. It is located on the boarder of Nepal and China. It is an isolated peak that has the unique shape of a four-sided pyramid. There is another subsidiary peak that doesn’t quite meet up to the “eight-thousander” reputation called Kangchungtse, or Makalu II. It lies northeast of the main summit and is connected to it by a arrow saddle called Chomo Lonzo. Cho Oyu is the sixth highest mountain in the world and stands at about 26,906 feet (8,201meters) high. Like most of the other Himalayan Mountains, it lies between Nepal and China (Tibet). Its name in Tibetan means “Turquoise Goddess”. It was used as a warm up for climbing Mount Everest when people were first exploring the Himalayan Mountains and today it is considered the easiest of al of the “eight-thousander” mountains to climb. Dhaulagiri is the seventh highest mountain in the world and is about 26,795 feet (8,167 meters) tall. It is located just north of central Nepal. Its name means “White Mountain”. The South and West faces of Dhaulagiri both feature massive drops; each rises over 4000 meters from its base, and each has been the site of epic climbs. This mountain, along with Annapurna, is home to a more dramatic scene than most of the other mountains, f	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,307	Who gave up the title 'Viscount Stansgate'?	Tony Benn's son inherits title his father gave up \| Politics \| The Guardian The Observer Tony Benn's son inherits title his father gave up Tony Benn helped bring about Peerage Act 1963 which allowed him to renounce title and keep Commons seat Stephen Benn becomes the 3rd Viscount of Stansgate. Photograph: Imagewise/. Saturday 15 March 2014 20.06 EDT First published on Saturday 15 March 2014 20.06 EDT Close This article is 2 years old Tony Benn's eldest son, Stephen, has inherited the title that his father renounced in 1963 and become the 3rd Viscount Stansgate. The new peer will not be eligible to sit in the Lords because of reforms made by the Labour government in 1999. The succession brings the story of the peerage almost full circle . Benn's father, a Labour minister, was created Viscount Stansgate of Stansgate in the County of Essex in 1942 and sat in the Lords as an hereditary peer. On his father's death, Anthony Wedgwood Benn, later known as Tony Benn, became the second Viscount Stansgate, disqualifying him from staying in the Commons. He was still eligible to stand in the resulting Bristol South East byelection, which he won, but insisted on his right to abandon the peerage and kept his Commons seat in a byelection on 4 May 1961 prompted by his succession. However, an election court gave the seat to the Tory runner-up, Malcolm St Clair. But eventually the Conservative government accepted the need for a change in the law. The Peerage Act 1963, allowing renunciation of peerages, became law on 31 July 1963 and just 22 minutes later he became the first peer to renounce his title. However, under the law the title continues to pass through the generations. Labour has four hereditary peers in the Lords and it would require one of those to die and for the new viscount to then seek to win a byelection, competing against other hereditary peers. Under Labour's House of Lords Act the number of hereditary peers in the chamber is restricted to 92. Stephen Benn, the new viscount of Stansgate, is director of parliamentary affairs for the Society of Biology. He spent the last two decades in a similar role for the Royal Society of Chemistry. Stephen Benn's younger brother Hilary is the shadow secretary of state for communities and local government. The two other siblings are Melissa, a journalist, and Joshua, a student of information management.	Wallis and Edward Story.htm His Majesty King George V THE PLAY The story begins with Wallis Simpson's Presentation at Court in 1931, where she arrogantly presents her credentials in the song I'm Bessie Wallis Warfield Simpson, followed by her quickly deposing the Prince of Wales' former mistress Lady Thelma Furness. During Wallis' first visit to Edward's home Fort Belvedere, Noel Coward plays a snipit of this own very telling song If Love Were All . On an open invitation to cocktails, the Prince of Wales unexpectedly appears at the Simpson home in Bryanston Court where he crosses the line between friendship and more in the obssessive song Lost In The Blue. More frivolous partying at Fort Belvedere slithers into the fast-paced song Trend Setters where as international fashion icons we find they are so shallow that the only thing that matters is that they are the people everyone wants to be, and the people that everyone wants to see! The exposure of Wallis' dark side is revealed to King George V and the Royal Family, through the China Dossier, by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin and his proffering of ideas on how to rid England of Mrs. Simpson, by calling upon all of the famous murderers and murderesses of history to come and do away with her in the comic ditty She's Got To Go (They Poison Popes Don't They?) ... all of which comes to naught following King George V's untimely demise. From the Proclamation of Accession of King Edward VIII, and his bartering of Wallis with husband Ernest Simpson in time for Wallis to, hopefully, be crowned Queen of England, and Wallis' self-proclaiming anthem - Going To Be Queen! To the fateful Nahlin Cruise where the world becames aware of their disastrous affair, and King Edward becomes a dangerous political dablatant amongst Eastern Europe's and Asia Minor's potentates in the song Positively Perfect Holiday Trip! His Majesty King Edward VIII Proclamation of Accession of His Majesty King Edward VIII Prince of Wales with Lady Thelma Furness and His Caim Terriers Cora and Jaggs at York Cottage c1930 1936 The Year of the Three Kings - George V, George VI and Edward VIII His Royal Highness the Duke of York and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin Wallis' preliminary divorce comes through, and without wasting a moment King Edward pops the Mogul emerald engagement ring that evening, after which Wallis reiterates her right to be Queen, as being ordained, in the reprise of I'm Bessie Wallis Warfield Simpson. Their Suggested Morganatic marriage proposal is refused by Parliament and the Dominions. Crisis! The silence of the British press on their affair breaks! Drop Mrs. Simpson, marry her and the government will resign bringing about a possible fascist regime in England - or abdicate! Meanwhile, in the vein of Osbert Sitwell's infamous essay and poem - Rat Week - about changing sides and allegiances, getting out while one still can and still save face, we find Lady Emerald Cunard and Lady Sybil Colefax singing the scathing double entendre diatribe Last Two Rats, in which Wallis Simpson is the sinking ship they need to abandon! Hoping desperately to crawl, unnoticed, aboard the about to be launched ship of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, so to speak! Wallis flees to France. As the Cross Channel Ferry departs En	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,308	Heraclium mantegazzianum is a weed thought to be the largest in western Europe. What is its common name?	Heracleum mantegazzianum Heracleum mantegazzianum Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Heracleum mantegazzianum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [ ]. TAXONOMY: The scientific name of giant hogweed is Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier (Apiaceae) [ 20 ]. Hybrids: In several European countries, low frequencies of giant hogweed × eltrot (H. sphondylium) hybrids occurred in areas occupied by both parent species. Artificial hybrids were easily created, so researchers suspect that selective insect foraging may limit the occurrence of natural hybrids [ 15 , 63 ]. In North America, researchers suspect that giant hogweed × common cowparsnip (H. maximum) hybrids are possible, but none have been reported [ 42 ]. Although giant hogweed × eltrot hybrids are possible in North America, none were reported in the available literature (2009). Hybrids are discussed more in the Botanical description , Vegetative regeneration , and Control sections of this review. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Giant hogweed is a nonnative species currently (2009) restricted to the western and eastern parts of North America. In western North America, giant hogweed occurs in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. In eastern North America, giant hogweed occurs from Newfoundland and Nova Scotia west to Ontario and Wisconsin and south to Indiana, Maryland, and New Jersey ([ 35 , 36 , 42 ], NAPIS as cited in [ 13 ]). Giant hogweed is native to the western Caucasus Mountains of Georgia, Azerbaijan, and southern Russia [ 42 ]. In 2003, researchers reported that the range of giant hogweed was expanding in Washington, Oregon, and the northeastern United States [ 11 ]. In 1992, giant hogweed occurred in 9 Washington counties [ 60 ]. As of 2008, giant hogweed populations in Oregon were limited to areas surrounding Portland and Salem [ 40 ]. Giant hogweed is widespread in southwestern Ontario, and localized populations occur in southern Quebec, New Brunswick, Cape Breton, and eastern Newfoundland [ 42 ]. In New York, giant hogweed occurs in western and central portions of the state [ 14 ]. As of 1996, about 40 small giant hogweed populations occurred around Ithaca (Cope, personal communication, as cited in [ 76 ]). Scattered giant hogweed populations occur throughout Massachusetts [ 26 ]. Plants Database provides a distributional map of giant hogweed. As of this writing (2009), however, the map did not include Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, Maryland, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, Nova Scotia, or Newfoundland as states or provinces with giant hogweed populations, although several sources [ 13 , 35 , 36 , 42 ] indicate that it occurs in these areas. Introduction to North America: Giant hogweed was likely introduced to North America as a garden "curiosity" because of its extremely large size and impressive flower [ 42 , 74 ] but could have been introduced through spice importation, since its seeds are used in Middle Eastern cuisine [ 35 ]. Giant hogweed occurred in North America as early as 1917 [ 13 ]. Giant hogweed source populations in western North America were likely planted by horticulturalists [ 40 , 48 ]. On southeastern Vancouver Island, giant hogweed was first collected in 1964 [ 42 ], but reports of giant hogweed in southwestern British Columbia were published in the 1930s (Federation of British Columbia Naturalists Newsletter 1978, as cited in [ 8 ]). Giant hogweed has been present in Seattle, Washington, since the early 1950s (Hitchcock, personal communication, as cited in [ 33 ]). Using details about current giant hogweed habitats in western Washington and northwestern Oregon, researchers predicted that disturbed riparian habitats in the Cascade, Sierran Steppe, and Rocky Mountain ecoregions are susceptible to giant hogweed invasion [ 43 ]. In eastern Canada and the United States, giant hogweed was likely introduced as a horticu	1511st (2) by Mike Hall (page 23) - issuu issuu IN THE KNOW INTERACTIVE Trivia Quiz If you think you’ve got what it takes to beat our monthly brain buster, take our quiz and prove your intellectual talents! 1 What code name was given to Nazi Germany's plan to invade Britain during the Second World War? 11 12 Which country only switched to the modern Gregorian Calendar on January 1, 1927? Olibanum is the Medieval Latin alternative English word for which Biblical aromatic resin? The splanchnocranium refers to the bones of which defining part of the human body? 13 Which city, mythically founded by a twin saved by a shewolf, was built on the seven hills, east of the River Tiber called Aventine, Caelian, Capitoline, Esquiline, Palatine, Quirinal and Viminal? 3 Used to measure the height of horses, how many inches are there in one hand? 14 On which Mediterranean island is the famous nightlife holiday resort of Magaluf? 4 5 Apiphobia is the fear of what creatures? What are metal rope-fixings on a boat and cyclist's shoes? Occurring twice yearly, what name is given to a day consisting of twelve hours of daylight and twelve hours of darkness? 6 Which country is the natural habitat of the emu? 16 How many times does the second-hand of a clockwork clock 'tick' (move) while the hour hand completes one full rotation? 7 8 17 What's the common technical term for the removal of a president from office, due to wrongdoing? How many hurdles are there in a 400 metres hurdles race? 18 Which famous corporate logo changed to a flat colour/colour sans serif font in its first major change since 1999? K'ung Futse (Venerated Master Kong) is better known as which major philosopher and religious founder? 9 19 Japan's NTT DoCoMo mobile phone company developed which texting icon 'pictograph' series, Japanese for 'picture' and 'character'? 20 The flags of China, Japan, Argentina, Uruguay, Greenland and Bangladesh share what common feature? 1. Operation Sea Lion. 2. Turkey. 3. Four. 4. Bees. 5. Equinox. 6. Australia. 7. Ten. 8. Google. 9. Emoji. 10. Geronimo. 11. Frankincense. 12. Face. 13. Rome. 14. Majorca. 15. Cleats. 16. 43,200 (12 hours x 60 minutes x 60 second 'ticks'). 17. Impeachment. 18. Confucius. 19. Mexico City. 20. Sun. Answers: 10 What Native American Apache Indian chief 's name became an exclamation of exhilaration? What's the largest capital city without a river, and also the oldest capital of its continent? November15 TalkMagazine	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,309	The name of which region in India means ‘Land of Five Rivers’?	India - Geography Geography India Table of Contents India's total land mass is 2,973,190 square kilometers and is divided into three main geological regions: the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the Himalayas, and the Peninsula region. The Indo-Gangetic Plain and those portions of the Himalayas within India are collectively known as North India. South India consists of the peninsular region, often termed simply the Peninsula. On the basis of its physiography, India is divided into ten regions: the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the northern mountains of the Himalayas, the Central Highlands, the Deccan or Peninsular Plateau, the East Coast (Coromandel Coast in the south), the West Coast (Konkan, Kankara, and Malabar coasts), the Great Indian Desert (a geographic feature known as the Thar Desert in Pakistan) and the Rann of Kutch, the valley of the Brahmaputra in Assam, the northeastern hill ranges surrounding the Assam Valley, and the islands of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Indo-Gangetic Plain In social and economic terms, the Indo-Gangetic Plain is the most important region of India. The plain is a great alluvial crescent stretching from the Indus River system in Pakistan to the Punjab Plain (in both Pakistan and India) and the Haryana Plain to the delta of the Ganga (or Ganges) in Bangladesh (where it is called the Padma). Topographically the plain is homogeneous, with only floodplain bluffs and other related features of river erosion and changes in river channels forming important natural features. Two narrow terrain belts, collectively known as the Terai, constitute the northern boundary of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Where the foothills of the Himalayas encounter the plain, small hills known locally as ghar (meaning house in Hindi) have been formed by coarse sands and pebbles deposited by mountain streams. Groundwater from these areas flows on the surface where the plains begin and converts large areas along the rivers into swamps. The southern boundary of the plain begins along the edge of the Great Indian Desert in the state of Rajasthan and continues east along the base of the hills of the Central Highlands to the Bay of Bengal. The hills, varying in elevation from 300 to 1,200 meters, lie on a general east-west axis. The Central Highlands are divided into northern and southern parts. The northern part is centered on the Aravalli Range of eastern Rajasthan. In the northern part of the state of Madhya Pradesh, the Malwa Plateau comprises the southern part of the Central Highlands and merges with the Vindhya Range to the south. The main rivers that flow through the southern part of the plain--the Narmada, the Tapti, and the Mahanadi--delineate North India from South India. Some geographers subdivide the Indo-Gangetic Plain into three parts: the Indus Valley (mostly in Pakistan), the Punjab (divided between India and Pakistan) and Haryana plains, and the middle and lower Ganga. These regional distinctions are based primarily on the availability of water. By another definition, the Indo-Gangetic Plain is divided into two drainage basins by the Delhi Ridge; the western part consists of the Punjab Plain and the Haryana Plain, and the eastern part consists of the Ganga-Brahmaputra drainage systems. This divide is only 300 meters above sea level, contributing to the perception that the Indo-Gangetic Plain appears to be continuous between the two drainage basins. The Punjab Plain is centered in the land between five rivers: the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas, and the Sutlej. (The name Punjab comes from the Sanskrit pancha ab , meaning five waters or rivers.) Both the Punjab and Haryana plains are irrigated with water from the Ravi, Beas, and Sut	Ireland’s five longest rivers and their mythical legends (PHOTOS) \| IrishCentral.com Ireland’s five longest rivers and their mythical legends (PHOTOS) Ali Isaac SHARES / Ireland is a land of many lakes, rivers and mountains, shrouded as much in mythology as its gentle misty climate.Tourism Ireland Ireland is a land of many lakes, rivers and mountains, shrouded as much in mythology as it is in its gentle misty climate . It is a fertile breeding ground for tales of mystical Gods, powerful warriors and the beautiful, enchanting folk of the Sidhe. Our ancient ancestors believed that through water lay the way to the Otherworld. There are many sacred springs scattered around the country, adopted by the Christians but with more ancient, pagan origins. In legend, almost every hill harbors a Sidhe homestead; almost every lough bears a tale of magic and intrigue. Ireland’s rivers are no exception. They have been used since ancient times as a means of transport, a source of food, even boundaries between kingdoms, some of which are still in force today. Ireland’s longest river is the Shannon , Abhainn na Sionainne in Irish. It flows south and west from Co Cavan for 240 miles (386km), touching seventeen of Ireland’s counties and forming three lakes en-route – Lough Allen, Lough Ree and Lough Derg – before finally emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. Its source is said to be a small pool on the slopes of Cuilcagh Mountain in Co Cavan , where I live, known as the Shannon Pot. It is also known as the Legnashinna, or Lag na Sionna in Irish, meaning ‘the hollow of the Shannon.’ The pool is about 50 feet wide, and said to be almost as deep. 7 O'Briensbridge, Co. Clare, on the west bank of the River Shannon Legend has it that one day, Manannán the Sea-God’s grand-daughter, Sionann, came to the well seeking wisdom. The pool was known in those days by the name of Connla’s Well, however, this name has also been attributed to Trinity Well, the source of the River Boyne. Five streams were said to feed from Connla’s Well, so perhaps these drained into the source pools of Ireland’s five greatest rivers. Connla’s Well was surrounded by the Nine Hazel Trees of Knowledge, which were said to fruit, flower and seed all at the same time. The nuts fell into the water and were eaten by Fintan, the Salmon of Knowledge, who also swam in the Boyne and tormented the Druid Finnegas by evading capture until Fionn mac Cumhall came along and ruined all his plans. It is not told whether Sionann intended to eat the nuts or the salmon, but in any case, it was forbidden for anyone but the king to visit the well. The waters rose up in a huge wave and carried the poor girl out to sea, where she drowned. Thus the River Shannon was formed and named after her. The famous monastery of Clonmacnoise in Co Offaly was founded on the banks of the Shannon. In fact, the Vikings used the river to not only raid many inland monasteries in the 10th century, but to fight among themselves, probably over territory and the spoils of war. The Vikings of Limerick were said to have sailed up the Shannon to Lough Ree, where they fought a huge battle with their Dublin kin, and lost. 7 The River Barrow below Ballinaw Castle, Co. Kilkenny The River Barrow, An Bhearú in Irish, is second to the Shannon at 119 miles (192km) long. With the rivers Suir and Nore, it forms the Three Sisters. The Barrow rises at Glenbarrow in the Slieve Bloom Mountains in Co Laois and drains into Waterford Harbour. The point where the Three Sisters meet is called the Cumar na dTrí Uisce in Irish, meaning ‘the confluence of the three waters.’ On the western bank of the Barrow is a small town called Leighlinsbridge. There is a large mound here which is reputed to be the ancient site of the fort of Dinn Rig, the seat of the Kings of Leinster. A great battle was fought here during the 2nd or 3rd century AD. The story goes that Covac of Bregia, Cobthach in Irish, murdered his brother Laoighaire Lorc, King of Leinster, and all his family at Dinn Rig. He spared the young prince Moen, however, because he couldn’t speak and ther	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,310	What make of motor car was the Dolomite ?	Triumph Dolomite \| Classic Cars Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia [ show ] History The Dolomite was the final addition to Triumph's complex small-car range (codenamed "Project Ajax"), which had started in 1965 with the Triumph 1300. Designed to be a replacement for the rear-wheel drive Triumph Herald, the 1300 was originally fitted with a 1,296 cc (79 cu in) engine and front-wheel drive. The later model, introduced in September 1970 as the Triumph 1500, featured a remodelled front and rear, styled by Michelotti, and a larger 1,493 cc (91 cu in) engine. Triumph were however dissatisfied with the market performance of the 1300; although successful, the higher price and greater complexity meant sales never reached the levels of its predecessor, the simpler and cheaper Herald. To this end the car was comprehensively re-engineered to be cheaper and simpler to build and maintain; launched in September 1970, was the Triumph Toledo, a cheaper and more basic variant with conventional rear-wheel drive. This was assembled alongside the now larger-engined front-wheel drive version. It was launched at the same time as the 1500, adding further complexity to the model range. The "Dolomite" Designed as the successor for the upmarket variants of the front-wheel drive designs, and also for the 6-cylinder Triumph Vitesse, a sporting relative of the Herald, the Triumph Dolomite was presented at the London Motor Show in October 1971. However due to a number of strikes and other industrial upsets, the car was not reported to be in full production until October 1972. The name "Dolomite" had been used by Triumph for a range of models prior to the Second World War and this name was revived for the new car. The car used the longer bodyshell of the front wheel drive Triumph 1500, but with the majority of the running gear carried over from the rear-wheel drive Triumph Toledo. Initially, the only version available used the new slant-four 1854 cc engine, which mated an alloy OHC head to an iron block, providing 91 bhp (68 kW) which offered sprightly performance. This was a version of the engine that the company was already providing to Saab for use in their 99 model. The car was aimed at the then-new compact performance-luxury sector, vying for sales against cars such as the BMW 2002 and Ford Cortina GXL, and was offered with a high level of standard equipment, including twin headlamps, a clock, full instrumentation, luxury seats and carpets, a heated rear window, and a cigar lighter. Styling was similar to the Triumph 1500, with some updates such as a black painted rear panel, Vinyl D-posts, and new wheel trims. The car was capable of 100 mph (160 km/h), with 60 mph (97 km/h) coming up in just over 11 seconds. An overdrive gearbox was soon made optional, offering relaxed motorway cruising and improved fuel economy, and there was also an optional automatic transmission. Dolomite Sprint Although the Dolomite proved to be refined and rapid, competitors such as the BMW 2002 had a performance advantage which was costing Triumph dearly, both in terms of sales and prestige. To remedy this, Triumph unveiled the Dolomite Sprint in June 1973, although the launch had been delayed by a year; it had been due to go on sale in 1972. A team of engineers led by Spen King developed a 16-valve cylinder head with all of the valves being actuated using a single camshaft rather than the more normal DOHC arrangement. The capacity was also increased to 1,998 cc (122 cu in), and combined with bigger carburettors the output was upped to 127 bhp (95 kW). This represented a significant increase over the smaller 1850cc variant, however it fell short of the original target of 135 bhp (101 kW). Despite BL engineers being able to extract a reliable 150 bhp (112 kW) from test engines, the production line was unable to reliably build the engines to the same level of quality, with production outputs being in the region of 125 bhp (93 kW) to 130 bhp (97 kW). This led to the original model designation, the Dolomite 135, being replaced at short notice with the Sprint name. As a result of t	Category:British Leyland \| Classic Cars Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia [ show ] History BLMC was created in 1968 by the merger of British Motor Holdings (BMH) and Leyland Motor Corporation (LMC), encouraged by Tony Benn as chairman of the Industrial Reorganisation Committee created by the Wilson Government (1964–1970). At the time, LMC was a successful manufacturer, while BMH was perilously close to collapse. The Government was hopeful LMC's expertise would revive the ailing BMH. The merger combined most of the remaining independent British car manufacturing companies and included car, bus and truck manufacturers and more diverse enterprises including construction equipment, refrigerators, metal casting companies, road surface manufacturers; in all, nearly 100 different companies. The new corporation was arranged into seven divisions under its new chairman, Sir Donald Stokes (formerly the chairman of LMC). While BMH was the UK's largest car manufacturer (producing over twice as many cars as LMC), it offered a range of dated vehicles, including the Morris Minor which was introduced in 1948 and the Austin Cambridge and Morris Oxford, which dated back to 1959. After the merger, Lord Stokes was horrified to find that BMH had no plans to replace these elderly designs. Also, BMH's design efforts immediately prior to the merger had focused on unfortunate niche market models such as the Austin Maxi (which was underdeveloped and with an appearance hampered by using the doors from the larger Austin 1800) and the Austin 3 litre, which was a car with no discernible place in the market. BMH had produced several successful cars, such as the Mini and the Austin/Morris 1100/1300 range (which at the time was the UK's biggest selling car). While these cars had been advanced at the time of their introduction, the Mini was not highly profitable and the 1100/1300 was facing more modern competition. The lack of attention to development of new mass market models meant that BMH had nothing in the way of new models in the pipeline to effectively compete with popular rivals such as Ford's Escort and Cortina. Immediately, Lord Stokes instigated plans to design and introduce new models quickly. The first result of this crash program was the Morris Marina in early 1971. It used parts from various BL models with new bodywork to produce BL's mass market competitor. It was one of the strongest selling cars in Britain during the 1970s, although by the end of production in 1980 it was widely regarded as a dismal product which had damaged the company's reputation. The Austin Allegro (replacement for the 1100/1300 ranges), launched in 1973, earned a similarly unwanted reputation over its 10-year production life. The company became an infamous monument to the industrial turmoil that plagued Britain in the 1970s. At its peak, BLMC owned nearly 40 different manufacturing plants across the country. Even before the merger BMH had included theoretically competing marques which were in fact selling substantially similar "badge engineered" cars. To this was added the competition from yet more, previously LMC marques. Rover competed with Jaguar at the expensive end of the market, and Triumph with its family cars and sports cars against Austin, Morris and MG. The result was a product range which was incoherent and full of duplication. In addition, in consequent attempts to establish British Leyland as a brand in consumers' minds in and outside the UK, print ads and spots were produced, causing confusion rather than attraction for buyers. This, combined with serious industrial relations problems (with trade unions), the 1973 oil crisis, the three-day week, high inflation, and ineffectual management meant that BL became an unmanageable and financially crippled behemoth which went bankrupt in 1975. 1970s Restructuring Sir Don Ryder was asked to undertake an enquiry into the position of the company, and his report, The Ryder Report, was presented to the government in April 1975. Following the report's recommendations, the organisation was drastically restructured and th	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,311	Who was on the throne when Britain's first Prime Minister, Robert Walpole, was appointed?	BBC - History - Historic Figures: Sir Robert Walpole (1676 - 1745) z Sir Robert Walpole by Arthur Pond © Walpole was a British Whig statesman, considered to the first holder of the office of prime minister, who dominated politics in the reigns of George I and George II. Robert Walpole was born on 26 August 1676 in Houghton, Norfolk into a wealthy landowning family. He was educated at Cambridge University and in 1701 became member of parliament for Castle Rising in Norfolk, where his father had previously been MP. He rose rapidly, becoming a member of the Admiralty Board, secretary of war and, in 1709, treasurer of the navy. His rise was temporarily halted by the Tories, who came into power in 1710. In 1712, they accused him of corruption and he was briefly imprisoned. In 1714, George I came to the throne. George distrusted the Tories, whom he believed opposed his right to the throne, and as a result the Whigs were in the ascendant again. In 1715, Walpole became first lord of the treasury and chancellor of the exchequer. He resigned in 1717 after disagreements within his party but in 1720 was made paymaster general. He avoided the scandal that surrounded the collapse of the South Sea Company and was subsequently appointed first lord of the treasury and chancellor of the exchequer again. In this position he effectively became prime minister, although the term was not used at the time. He remained in this position of dominance until 1742. Walpole consolidated Whig power through a system of royal patronage. He pursued a policy of peace abroad, low taxation and reducing the national debt and he knew the importance of keeping parliament on his side. He was also accused of bribery and corruption in his efforts to retain power. After George I's death in 1727, Walpole was briefly superseded by George II's favourite, Spencer Compton, but succeeded in returning himself to favour, partly through the support of the new queen, Caroline. In 1735, George II made Walpole a gift of 10 Downing Street, now the permanent London residence of the British prime minister. Opposition eventually began to develop within Walpole's own party, and a trade dispute with Spain was used by his critics to force him to declare war in 1739, known as the War of Jenkins' Ear. A poor general election result in 1741 made his position more unstable. A number of Whig politicians opposed Walpole's conduct of the war and he resigned in February 1742. He was created earl of Orford in the same year and continued to maintain influence over George II. Walpole died on 18 March 1745.	BBC - History - British History in depth: Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline On This Day Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline Do you know which prime minister brought 'fallen women' to 10 Downing Street? Or which one fought a duel? Or who was known as 'the Goat'? Take a political journey through nearly 300 years of high ideals and low cunning, from Gordon Brown to the first man to hold prime ministerial powers, Robert Walpole. Margaret Thatcher Conservative, 1979 - 1990 Britain's first female prime minister came to power with the country descending into industrial and economic chaos. A relatively inexperienced politician, she nonetheless adopted a personal style of indomitable self-confidence and brooked no weakness in herself or her colleagues. Derisively dubbed the 'Iron Lady' by the Soviet press, she wore the moniker with pride. Her government's free-market policies included trade liberalisation, deregulation, sweeping privatisation, breaking the power of the unions, focus on the individual and the creation of an 'enterprise culture'. 'Thatcherism' has had a profound and lasting economic and social impact on Britain, and still sharply divides opinion to this day. The first PM to serve three consecutive terms (including two 'landslide' victories) she was eventually toppled by her own party following the disastrous imposition of a 'poll tax'. Nonetheless, she is generally considered to be one of the best peace time prime ministers of the 20th Century. James Callaghan Labour, 1976 - 1979 Callaghan inherited the office of prime minister following the surprise resignation of Harold Wilson. With only a tiny parliamentary majority to support him, he faced an increasingly one-sided confrontation with organised labour in the form of rampant strike action. Things came to a head in the so-called 'Winter of Discontent', a phrase from Shakespeare borrowed by Callaghan himself to describe the events leading up to February 1979. Britain was 'strikebound', with public servants staging mass walk outs, leaving food and fuel supplies undelivered, rubbish uncollected and - most notoriously - bodies unburied. Things became so bad in Hull it was dubbed 'the second Stalingrad'. The tabloid press has since been accused of overstating the severity of the situation (and wrongly quoting him as saying 'Crisis? What Crisis?') but it was enough at the time to sound the death knell for Callaghan's government later in the same year. Harold Wilson Labour, 1974 - 1976 In March 1974, Wilson became prime minister for the third time at the head of a minority government, following the first hung parliament (one where no party holds a majority) for 45 years. Often described as a wily fixer and negotiator, it took all of his skills to hold on to power in the face of economic and industrial turmoil. His party was also sharply divided, with many Labour members of parliament (MPs) bitter about Wilson's manoeuvring against his colleagues. He called another general election in October 1974, thereby ending the shortest parliament since 1681, and was returned to office with a majority of just three seats. He presided over a referendum on Britain's membership of the European Economic Community (EEC), and a collapse in the value of the pound which prompted a humiliating 'rescue operation' by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Exhausted, Wilson resigned saying 'politicians should not go on and on'. Edward Heath Conservative, 1970 - 1974 Heath succeeded in taking Britain into the European Economic Community (EEC), the precursor to the European Union, despite two previous failed attempts by Britain to gain entry, in 1961 and 1967. But his government was dogged by torrid industrial relations and recurrent economic crises. Things came to a head in January 1974, when industry was put on a 'three-day week' to conserve fuel. Fuel was in dangerously short supply following a combination of domestic industrial action (coal miners on 'work-to-rule') and a quadrupling of prices by Middle Eastern oil exporting nations in the wake of Israel's victory in the Yom Kipp	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,312	Near which city in Russia did the greatest tank battle of World War II take place in July 1943?	1943: Battle of Kursk Today in WW II: 14 Jan 1943 Churchill and Roosevelt begin the Casablanca conference . Battle of Kursk: 5ï¿½19 July 1943 Battery of Red Army 152mm howitzers preparing to fire during the Battle of Kursk. 3,000 guns and aircraft severely disrupted the German deployment at the outset of Operation Citadel. The German push into Russia had been stopped at the gates of Moscow in the winter of 1941-42 and again at Stalingrad on the Volga a year later. In February 1943, the Battle of Stalingrad ended with over 300,000 German soldiers dead or captured. Soviet forces moved on Kharkov but a German counterattack stopped that Winter Offensive. To bolster morale in Germany and hold his allies in line, Hitler needed a clear cut victory in Russia. To erase the pain of Stalingrad, Hitler decided to order a massive force to regain the initiative against the Red Army. Hitler and his generals looked for a place where a decisive victory could be purchased relatively cheaply. They chose to cut off a 90 mile bulge in the Eastern Front between the cities of Orel and Kharkov that included the small city of Kursk at its pivot, using a gigantic pincer movement. Hitler's key military leaders wanted to stage this offensive (Operation Citadel) in May 1943, but bickering and interference by Hitler delayed it until early July. Months of preparation under the eyes of the Soviet army eliminated any surprise when Operation Citadel launched on 5 July. The Germans failed in their objective to pinch off the Kursk salient and suffered irreplacable losses of men and materiel in the process. Now that both German and Soviet records are available, it is clear that the German plan was based on faulty assumptions. After two years of fighting inside Soviet territory, the Germans assumed that a well-prepared offensive would be able to penetrate the Soviet defense and that superior German tactics, staff work, and weaponry would compensate for greater Soviet numbers. Furthermore, they thought that adverse weather would hamper any Soviet offensive, and that if such an offensive occurred, the mobile German counterattack could halt it. The Germans were badly mistaken. The Soviet army of mid-1943 had evolved far from the Soviet army of 1941. They had learned from their mistakes, more than the Germans had learned about the Reds. The Kursk salient contained Soviet forces that were hardened and ready, strong and complete units that would be difficult to encircle and erase even under the best of circumstances. For the German army of 1943, Operation Citadel was far too ambitious to succeed. The Soviet's plan was much more realistic and actionable. They anticipated the German lines of attack and prepared the battlefield with dense mine fields, trenches, and camouflaged gun positions. An enormous reserve force was assembled with plans to absorb the German attack and exhaust them, then counterattack with overwhelming force when the Germans were weakened and without reserves. The Battle at Kursk Unfolds The Germans massed tanks, guns and tens of thousands of troops on the front. From the north, the Wehrmacht's Ninth Army was poised to move from the south of Orel toward Olkhovatka. In the south, the Fourth Panzer Army would move from east of a line joining Kharkov and Belgorod toward Prokhorovka. At dawn on 5 July German guns opened up a huge bombardment, and masses of German tanks moved into the battle supported by Stuka fighters overhead. Soviet artillery, T-34 tanks and Katyusha rockets answered. German Tigers did well, but the lighter Mark IV and Panthers were decimated. Guns tanks and infantry fought for more than a week in vicious battles of total war. More than 2.2 million men were engaged on both sides, along with 5,000 airplanes and 6,000 armored vehicles. Soviet minefields channeled German tanks into prepared fields of artillery fire. Panzers would make progress in one area but be immediately challanged and attacked by Soviet planes or by infantry with explosives. The Soviet defenses held. Tank Battle at Prokhorovka, 12 July 1943 The	The Summer Garden and Summer Palace of Peter the Great in St. Petersburg, Russia Peter the Great's Summer Palace and Gardens Peter the Great's Summer Palace and Gardens Across the river from the Peter and Paul fortress and the wooden Cabin of Peter the Great you can visit the historical Summer Garden. Behind the beautiful wrought iron fence there is an old park that has witnessed some of the most spectacular moments in St. Petersburg's early history. Peter the Great's Summer Palace and Gardens Impressed by the royal parks that he had seen in Europe, Peter the Great was very keen to create something similar in his newly built "Venice of the North". In Peter's new park everything was created according to the latest fashions; the trees and bushes were trimmed in the most elaborate way and all the alleys were decorated with marble statues and fountains. Peter the Great used to organize regular receptions and balls in the gardens, his " assamblei ", which involved dancing and drinking and impressive firework displays. Tsar Peter commissioned the city's first and foremost architect, the Italian Domenico Trezzini, to build a small palace in the park. The palace had no heating and was intended only for summer time use, hence its name "Summer Palace", as opposed to the "Winter Palace" that Peter had built just down the same embankment of the Neva. The Summer Palace, a small two-storey yellow building, was built between 1710 and 1714, with 7 rooms on each floor. After the Second World War the palace was carefully restored, the older interiors were recreated and a collection of early 18th century artifacts, many originally owned by Peter the Great , was put on display. It is always a great pleasure to take a stroll down the alleys of the Summer Garden, passing by the palace, the marvelous marble statues and the pond. A pair of white swans returns every year to the Karpiev pond in the Summer Garden, even though the park is located in the middle of a bustling city... MEMBER SERVICES	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,313	In 1990, which male runner held world records simultaneously at 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000 metres?	SaÃ¯d Aouita (Champion) - Pics, Videos, Dating, & News SaÃ¯d Aouita Male Born Nov 2, 1959 SaÃ¯d Aouita is a former Moroccan track and field athlete. He won the 5000 meters at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1987 World Championships in Athletics, as well as the 3000 meters at the 1989 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He is a former world record holder over 1500 metres, 2000 m, 3000 m, and twice at 5000 m . Aouita was one of the first globally-known Arab sportspeople.… Read More related links Tanger Ã L'heure De L'athlÃ©tisme Le Matin.Ma Google News - Sep 13, 2011 'La 3e Ã©dition avait connu la prÃ©sence de trois invitÃ©s d'honneur, en l'occurrence le sauteur en hauteur, le Cubain Soto Mayor, recordman du monde (2,45m), l'ancien champion du monde et olympique marocain Said Aouita, multiple recordman du monde et le' 4Ã¨ Meeting International Moulay Al Hassan: ConfÃ©rence De Presse Lundi Ã Casablanca Aufait Maroc Google News - Sep 09, 2011 '... en l'occurrence le sauteur en hauteur, le Cubain Soto Mayor, recordman du monde (2,45m), l'ancien champion du monde et olympique marocain Said Aouita, multiple recordman du monde et le cÃ©lÃ¨bre athlÃ¨te et entraÃ®neur amÃ©ricain John Smith' L'athlÃ©tisme National Hors Course Lesoir Echos.Com Google News - Sep 07, 2011 'Depuis la retraite des grandes stars de l'athlÃ©tisme national, Said Aouita, Khakid Skah, Nawal Moutawakil, Hicham El Guerrouj, Nezha Bidouane, Brahim Boutayab, Khalid Boulami, Zahra Ouaziz, entre autres, l'athlÃ©tisme national a chutÃ© d'une maniÃ¨re' Kenya/Asbel Kiprop: The Kenyan Who Once Again Conquered The 1500 M Star Africa.Com Google News - Sep 06, 2011 '... (Morocco) 1999: Hicham El Guerroudj (Morocco) 1997: Hicham El Guerroudj (Morocco) 1995: Noureddine Morceli (Algeria) 1993: Noureddine Morceli (Algeria) 1991: Noureddine Morceli (Algeria) 1987: Said Aouita (Morocco) 1983: Steve Cram (England) Panoramic' Learn about the memorable moments in the evolution of SaÃ¯d Aouita. CHILDHOOD 1959 Birth SaÃ¯d Aouita was born on November 2, 1959 in Kenitra, a coastal Moroccan city. … Read More Nine years later, he moved along with his family to Fes due to the nature of his father's work. As a child he spent most of his time playing football and wanted to be a great footballer; however, his outstanding skills in running made his coaches foresee a great future in track and field. Read Less TWENTIES Show Less Aouita had his first start towards stardom at the 1983 World Championships in Athletics held in Helsinki. … Read More He contested the 1500 m and finished third in the final, taking the bronze medal, after the pace slowed in the last 1000 meters and then finished with a sprint. Read Less Said Aouita married Khadija Skhir in 1983, one year before the 1984 Olympic Games. … Read More Khadija Skhir is Said Aouita's biggest supporter, and together they have four children: one son, Adil, and three daughters; Soukaina, Sarah, and Zeena. The two eldest daughters, Soukaina and Sarah, were both named by the king of Morocco, Hassan II. Said Aouita's wife, Khadija Skhir is equally interested in sports as she holds a 3rd degree black belt in Taekwondo. Aouita's two eldest daughters are both in the medical field, his son, Adil, is a film director and producer, and his youngest daughter, Zeena, is in the music field of singing and songwriting.<br /><br /> After his athletics career ended, Aouita worked with mixed success as a consultant for numerous sport institutions, as Technical National Manager in Morocco, and National Distance Coach in Australia thanks not only to his fruitful field experience, but also to his academic competences. Now, Aouita is working as Senior Analyst for Al Jazeera Sports channel. Read Less … SaÃ¯d Aouita (born November 2, 1959) is a former Moroccan track and field athlete. Read Less He won the 5000 meters at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1987 World Championships in Athletics, as well as the 3000 meters at the 1989 IAAF World Indoor Championships. … Read More He is a former world record holder over 1500 metres (	Daley Thompson \| British athlete \| Britannica.com British athlete Alternative Title: Francis Morgan Thompson Daley Thompson Daley Thompson, byname of Francis Morgan Thompson (born July 30, 1958, London , England ), British decathlete who became only the second competitor in history to win the decathlon at two Olympic Games , capturing gold medals in 1980 and 1984. Daley Thompson executing his long jump en route to successfully defending his Olympic decathlon … Tony Duffy—Allsport/Getty Images The son of a Nigerian father and a Scottish mother, Thompson made his debut in the decathlon at age 16, winning a competition in Cwmbrân , Wales . Thompson’s score of 6,685 points was a British junior record, and in that same year, 1975, he qualified for the British Olympic team. At the 1976 Olympics in Montreal, Thompson finished 18th; in 1978 he finished second at the European championships. He would not lose another decathlon for nine years. In 1980, after setting a world record in May with 8,622 points, Thompson dominated the competition at the Olympics in Moscow to win the first of his gold medals. Particularly strong in the shorter distance runs and jumping events, Thompson twice set world records in 1982 and placed first in the 1983 world championships. At the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles , Thompson successfully defended his title, equaling the achievement of the American Bob Mathias , who won Olympic decathlon gold medals in 1948 and 1952. Although Thompson’s total of 8,797 points fell one point short of the world record, when the scoring tables for the decathlon were adjusted in 1985, his Olympic point total was changed to 8,847, and he was awarded the world record. Thompson, who attracted publicity for his colourful personality, was hindered by injuries at the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, South Korea , and finished fourth. Learn More in these related articles:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,314	What caused 12,000 deaths in 4 days in London in 1952?	The Great Smog of 1952 in London By Jennifer Rosenberg Updated January 26, 2016. When a thick fog engulfed London from December 5 to December 9, 1952, it mixed with black smoke emitted from homes and factories to create a deadly smog . This smog killed approximately 12,000 people and shocked the world into starting the environmental movement. Smoke + Fog = Smog When a severe cold spell hit London in early December 1952, Londoners did what they usually did in such a situation; they burned more coal to heat up their homes. Then on December 5, 1952, a layer of dense fog engulfed the city and stayed for five days. Since the smoke from the coal burning in homes, plus all of London's usual factory emissions, had been prevented from escaping into the atmosphere by an inversion , the fog and smoke combined into a rolling, thick layer of smog. London Shuts Down Londoners, used to living in a city known for its pea-soup fogs, were not shocked to find themselves surrounded by such thick smog. Yet, although the dense smog did not instill panic, it nearly shut down the city from December 5 to December 9, 1952. continue reading below our video 10 Best Universities in the United States Visibility across London became extremely poor. In some places, visibility had literally gone down to one foot, meaning that you couldn't see your own feet when looking down nor your own hands if held out in front of you. Transportation across the city came to a standstill and many people didn't venture outside for fear of getting lost in their own neighborhoods. At least one theater was closed down because the smog had seeped inside and the audience could no longer see the stage. The Smog Was Deadly It wasn't until after the fog lifted on December 9 that the deadliness of the smog was discovered. In the five days the smog had covered London, over 4,000 more people had died than usual for that time of year. There were also reports that a number of cattle had died from the toxic smog. In the following weeks, approximately 8,000 more died from exposure to what has become known as the Great Smog of 1952 (it is also sometimes called "the Big Smoke"). Most of those killed by the Great Smog were people who had pre-existing respiratory problems and the elderly. The death toll of the Great Smog of 1952 was shocking. Pollution, which many had thought was just a part of city life, had killed 12,000 people. It was time for change. It was the black smoke that had caused the most damage. Thus, in 1956 and 1968, the British Parliament passed two Clean Air Acts, which began the process of eliminating the burning of coal in both people's homes and in factories.	London - photos and facts of sights - Learning English main residence of the British Monarch since 1837 775 rooms When the Queen is in residence the Royal Standard flies from the flagpole, when the Queen is not in residence the Union Flag can be seen. 4. Houses of Parliament (Palace of Westminster) residence of the English kings up to the 16th century destroyed by a fire in 1834 meeting place of the House of Lords and House of Commons about 1,100 rooms Gunpowder Plot in 1605: A Catholic group wanted to blow up Parliament and kill the Protestant King James to re-establish Catholicism in England. Guy Fawkes was one of the conspirators. He was found, arrested and should have been hanged, but shortly before the execution he jumped from the scaffold and broke his neck. 5. Big Ben – Elisabeth Tower part of the Houses of Parliament official name: Great Bell of Westminster four bells (quarter bells) strike every 15 minutes the Geat Bell strikes every hour Big Ben refers to the name of the Great Bell the complete tower is called Clock Tower Why is the Great Bell called Big Ben? There are two possible origins. Either it is named after Sir Benjamin Hall who oversaw the installation of the bell or it's named after Benjamin Caunt, a boxer. The Clock Tower was renamed in 2012 in honour of Queen Elisabeth II. 6. Westminster Abbey built in 1065 by Edward the Confessor British Monarchs are traditionally crowned here Monarchs and famous people are buried here (Charles Darwin, Charles Dickens, George Friedrich Händel, Isaac Newton) 7. The Tower of London official name: Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress was a fortess, a zoo, a place for executions, a cemetry, a residence, a prison, a mint and archives oldest part is the White Tower William the Conqueror built it in 1078 consists of three wards links St Paul's Cathedral and the Tate Modern Museum has a special system to avoid wobbles The bridge is shown in the film "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince". 12. Globe Theatre first theater was built in 1599 reconstruction is 230 metres away from the original theatre plays by Shakespeare are shown here open theatre (Do not forget your umbrella in case it rains.) 13. Trafalgar Square largest place in the centre of London main roads cross here (The Mall, Whitehall, Pall Mall) place for festivals – but also for demonstrations 14. Nelson's Column in the centre of Trafalgar Square column with Admiral Nelson on top who won great victories for England (Battle of Trafalgar in 1805) 15. The Mall runs from Buckingham Palace to Trafalgar Square flags are shown on both sides of the road in case of state visits 16. Victoria Memorial street entertainers in front of the market hall students of music often perform in the market hall 24. Dominion Theatre built as a theatre for live shown in 1928/29 later used as a cinema more than 2,000 seats the musical "We Will Rock You" has been on stage since 2002 The name of the theatre is based on a melody in a song by Tangerine Dream which was recorded in the 80ies. 25. Lyceum Theatre the first waxworks of Madame Tussauds were shown here the Musical "Lion King" has been staged here since 1999 26. Madame Tussauds Marie Tussaud showed first wax figures in 1802 exhibition was moved to the today's building in 1884 more than 10 locations worldwide 27. City Hall headquarters of the Greater London Authority and the Mayor of London situated between Tower Bridge and The Shard 28. HMS – Belfast 36. Royal Obervatory, Greenwich prime meridian in Greenwich (since 1884) tourist attraction – You can stand with one foot in the eastern Hemisphere and with the other one in the Western Hemisphere. 37. The London Undergrund – The Tube oldest underground railway in the world opening in 1863 (Underground steam locomotives) The nickname "The Tube" comes from the tube-like tunnels. 38. Mind The Gap This sentence is a warning used at platforms on the London Underground. Some platforms are curved and so there is a gap between the platform and the car of the train. Passengers might step into the gap and injure themselves. This warning was i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,315	What is the name of the Bridge in Southern France that opened in 2004, crossing the River Tarn in the Massif Central Mountains and with a height of 984 feet, it is the world’s highest Road bridge ?	The Millau Bridge - Southern France THE MILLAU BRIDGE V. Ryan ï¿½ 2005 - 2009 The Millau Bridge is in southern France and crosses the River Tarn in the Massif Central mountains. It was designed by the British architect Lord Foster and at 300m (984 feet) it is the highest road bridge in the world, weighing 36,000 tonnes. The central pillar is higher than the famous French icon, the Eiffel Tower. The Bridge opened in December 2004 and is possibly one of the most breath taking bridges ever built. The bridge towers above the Tarn Valley and the aim of Lord Foster was to design a bridge with the ï¿½delicacy of a butter flyï¿½. Lord Foster designed a bridge that enhances the natural beauty of the valley, with the environment dominating the scene rather than the bridge. The bridge appears to float on the clouds despite the fact that it has seven pillars and a roadway of 1ï¿½ miles in length. On first sight, the impression is of boats sailing on a sea of mist. The roadway threads through the seven pillars like thread through the eye of a needle. The bridge was opened by President Jacques Chirac. In his speech he praised the design saying that it was a ï¿½monument to French engineering geniusï¿½ and ï¿½a miracle of equilibriumï¿½. The bridge was entirely privately financed and cost 394 million euros (272 million pounds, 524 million dollars). The aim is to cut the travelling time to southern France, removing the bottle neck at Millau, through the completion of the motorway between Paris and the Mediterranean. The bridge took only three years to complete with new engineering techniques being employed. The traditional method of building a cable stay bridge involves building sections of the deck (roadway) and using cranes to put them in position. Because of its height, 900 feet above the valley floor, a new technique had to be developed. First, the towers were built in the usual way, with steel reinforced concrete. The road way was built on either side of the valley and rolled into position, until it met with precision in the centre. This technique had never been tried before and it carried engineering risks. However, it proved to be an efficient method of deploying the roadway.	Fort Boyard - UKGameshows Fort Boyard Takes on the World: Tim Vine (2004) Ultimate Challenge: Leslie Grantham (Boyard, master of the Fort) Geoffrey Bayldon (the old professor) 2003: Tom Baker (Captain) Broadcast Grundy (Thames) and Adventure Line for Channel 5, 16 October 1998 to 29 December 2001 (53 episodes in 4 series) Ronin and Adventure Line for Challenge, 20 October to 3 December 2003 (20 episodes in 1 series) as Fort Boyard takes on the World Challenge, 18 to 29 October 2004 (10 episodes in 1 series) as Fort Boyard: Ultimate Challenge The Foundation and Adventure Line for CITV / Disney XD (USA), 1 January 2012 to 17 December 2014 (50 episodes in 5 series) Synopsis Brilliant, brilliant, brilliant superb show. Very few other shows matched it in terms of style, excitement and cleverness. Including, sadly, the British version of this original French smash hit. Fort Boyard Whereas most UK game shows would be happy to site themselves in a studio set or outdoor location, the French - being French - decide to install miles of wiring and cameras into a national monument so that we can laugh at women getting covered in mud and men being chased by tigers. Genius! The Professor (Geoffrey Bayldon), Melinda Messenger , and the evil Boyard, master of the fort (Leslie Grantham). The programme was based in a real Napoleonic fort off the west coast of France, which was an almost immediate white elephant when it was built because the Napoleonic wars ended before it was completed. It was turned into a TV studio for the original French programme. In this game, the contestant had to "run ahead" of the rotating panels to give herself enough time to unscrew the bolts on the box containing the key, before a wire fence forced her to make another journey. The Game This contestant must win the key by carrying the vibrating cabinet across the room without letting the ring at the top touch the wire. The game mechanics were that the team had 40 minutes to earn four keys to open the door by beating timed challenges and answering riddles (so far, so The Crystal Maze ) and then earning clues to a codeword by playing games that played on people's fears. Fight the fear A contestant in the tarantula room The games used in the "getting the keys" section of the programme were fairly straightforward, even if they took a lot of physical strength or dexterity to complete. However, it was the codeword games later in the programme that got a lot of the attention. These games were based on common psychological fears - such as the dark, heights, insects, snakes, spiders, water, bungee jumping and so on. A lot of the show's black humour was taken out in the original British incarnation of this format, The Crystal Maze , to be replaced by more cerebral games. Going for the gold The treasure room and its occupants At the end of the time, they went into the treasure room, spelled out the password on the floor and if they were correct, they had the rest of the two minutes to get as many "gold doubloons" as they can. We were never told how much a doubloon was worth, merely that they would "convert the gold into cash later". Hmm... Thankfully, they were a bit more honest about it in later series, and now the gold score was converted into a leaderboard-style effort which worked a lot better. It's not that the British version was bad, it wasn't, it was still a highly engrossing show. But having seen the French version for a number of years you can't help but watch it and think: "They do that bit so much better in France." Always up for a Challenge Surprising many, Challenge created their own version of the show during the Summer of 2003. Even more surprising considering the budgetary constraints they were probably under, they did a really good job. There was more emphasis on collecting keys (teams now have to collect five and are given nine chances to do this) and only two adventures during an episode (but having been off the screens for several years, there was a bank of new adventures to choose from). They had updated the graphics to match more recent French episode	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,316	Which British heavyweight boxing champion died on 1st. May 2011 at the age of 76?	Sir Henry Cooper obituary \| Sport \| The Guardian Sir Henry Cooper obituary British heavyweight boxing champion known for his warmth, indomitable spirit and a left hook dubbed 'Enry's 'Ammer Muhammad Ali and Henry Cooper before their world heavyweight title fight in London. Photograph: Aubrey Hart/Getty Images Sunday 1 May 2011 17.31 EDT First published on Sunday 1 May 2011 17.31 EDT Share on Messenger Close Sir Henry Cooper , beloved of British postwar generations as no heavyweight boxer before him, has died aged 76. His warmth and indomitable personality, together with his rise from humble roots, gave him a popularity far beyond his sport's normal boundaries. He was never world champion, but his good spirits seemed to hold a gift for everyone, even for his most notable conqueror, Muhammad Ali. At Wembley stadium, on 18 June 1963, Cooper landed Ali, then known as Cassius Clay, on his pants with a punch that made boxing history – a left hook travelling five and a half inches at 30mph with 60 times the force of gravity, striking the side of the American's jaw. The world came to know it as 'Enry's 'Ammer, and it felled Ali as never before. However, in front of 55,000 people, Ali was "saved by the bell" amid unique controversy. Ali, then 21, had fought only one major figure, the ageing Archie Moore, before his arrival in London to meet Cooper, the experienced 29-year-old British and Commonwealth heavyweight champion, over 10 rounds. With a multimillion-dollar syndicate behind Ali's world championship ambition, and Cooper in his prime, it was a fight attracting worldwide interest. Already, the Kentucky fighter's braggadocio ("I am the prettiest ... I am the greatest") had brought him the title of the Louisville Lip. But, after Cooper's hammer blow, Ali's corner were up to various tricks before the Englishman fell victim to a cut eye in the fifth round. In later years, Ali's trainer, Angelo Dundee, admitted tweaking the loose stitching of his fighter's right glove so that the formal minute interval was stretched by six seconds before a replacement was found. His use of smelling salts also defied the rules. "For a fit man," Cooper said later, "seconds are a lifetime. When you are really trained up, you need only 20 seconds and you are back to your old self." Ali's long reach and quickness posed Cooper, himself the lightest of heavyweights, 13st 13lb at his heaviest, some early problems. "For my money, he was the fastest heavyweight of all time, and a stone and a half heavier than me," Cooper acknowledged. "There was never a still target in front of you. He wasn't a counter-puncher, nothing to compare with Floyd Patterson . Nor a puncher like Rocky Marciano. It was a flicker with the left, or a long-arm right that could drag and tear your skin." Ali caught Cooper with a typical blow in the third round. Jim Wicks, Cooper's manager, known as "The Bishop" and always protective of his man, was all for ending the fight as the blood flowed down his fighter's cheek. Cooper, in the corner interval, pleaded for one more round as his "cuts" man, Danny Holland, applied an adrenalin-Vaseline compound. In Cooper's view, he could still take his man – and he very nearly did. The 'Ammer smacked into Ali's chin as he backed into the ropes, the American's speed for once not saving him. Ali slid down the ropes, the slowness helping him. The referee, Tommy Little, reached a count of five, then Ali rose, in Cooper's view like an amateur, his arms dangling, an open target. But the bell rang, and boxing history took another turn. "Oh boy!" was Cooper's autobiographical note. "If it had only happened in the second minute." As it was, Ali took the world title in his next fight, against Sonny Liston. Cooper was to meet Ali – by then, his name had been formally changed after his conversion to Islam – for a world title fight at Arsenal's Highbury stadium, London, on 21 May 1966. Again the fight had to be stopped for a cut eye, this time in the sixth round. The gash was deeper and longer than any of Cooper's career. The Englishman reckoned himself narrowly	On This Day 1926: The first greyhound meeting with a mechanical hare took place at Belle Vue, Manchester. 2000: Portugal midfielder Luis Figo, star of Euro 2000, became the world's most expensive footballer when he joined Real Madrid for £37million from Barcelona. 2005: Australia won the first Ashes Test at Lord's by 239 runs. England recovered to win a memorable series 2-1. 2005: Lance Armstrong won a record seventh successive Tour de France - his final Tour before his temporary retirement. He was later stripped of all his titles after evidence of his doping emerged. 2009: England midfielder Steven Gerrard was found not guilty of affray by a jury at Liverpool Crown Court. 2010: Down thrashed Sligo in round four of the SFC qualifiers, winning by 3-20 to 0-10. 2010: Former world snooker champion Alex Higgins died at the age of 61. 2014: Brothers Alastair and Jonny Brownlee finished first and second for England in the Commonwealth Games men's triathlon in Glasgow. Birthdays Zaheer Abbas (cricket) - former Pakistan and Gloucestershire batsman, born 1947. Jim Leighton (soccer) - former Manchester United, Aberdeen and Scotland goalkeeper, born 1958. Barry Bonds (baseball) - controversial former San Francisco Giants star, holder of the all-time record for home runs in Major League, born 1964. Martin Keown (soccer) - former Arsenal and England defender, born 1966. Steven Richardson (golf) - played in 1991 Ryder Cup, born 1966. Dino Baggio (soccer) - former Italy midfielder who had a brief spell on loan at Blackburn in 2003, born 1971. Daniele De Rossi (soccer) - Roma and Italy midfielder, born 1983. Lukas Rosol (tennis) - Czech world number 54, famous for defeating Rafael Nadal at Wimbledon in 2012, born 1985. Quick Quiz Blitz 1 Which three football clubs have won all four English divisional titles? 2 Australia fast bowler Shaun Tait is playing for which county in this summer's NatWest T20 Blast? 3 British number one women's tennis player Johanna Konta was born in which city? 4 Who has been the top jockey at the Cheltenham Festival for eight of the last nine years? 5 Who scored the goal for Tipperary in All-Ireland SFC success over Derry? Sport on TV Today (Sunday, July 24) GAA: The Sunday Game Live - RTE 1 (1.30pm) - Waterford v Wexford (Throw-in 2.00pm) and Galway v Clare (Throw-in 4.00pm); The Sunday Game - RTE 2 - 21.30 SOCCER: International Champions Cup, Inter Milan v Paris St Germain - Sky Sports 1 2200; Euro Under-19s final - Eurosport 1 1905; MLS, New York Red Bulls v New York City FC - Sky Sports 3 1755, Sporting Kansas City v Seattle Sounders - Sky Sports 3 2000; Women's Super League, Notts County v Man City - BT Sport 1 1530. CRICKET: Second Test, England v Pakistan - Sky Sports 2 1030; First Test, West Indies v India - Sky Sports 5 1455. GOLF: PGA Tour, Canadian Open - Sky Sports 4 1800; Senior Open, Carnoustie - Sky Sports 4 1330; LPGA Tour, Scottish Open - Sky Sports 4 1030. CYCLING: Tour de France stage 21 - ITV4 1300, Eurosport 1 1530, ITV4 1200, S4C 1600; Tour de France women's 90km race - Eurosport 1 1330. TENNIS: ATP Tour, Citi Open - Sky Sports 2 2000; WTA Tour - Stanford Classic, BT Sport 1 2200. MOTOR RACING: Formula One, Hungarian Grand Prix race - Channel 4 1200, Sky Sports F1 1230. ATHLETICS: World Junior Championships, Bydgoszcz - Eurosport 2 2115. MOTORCYCLE RACING: British Superbikes - Eurosport 2 1230. DARTS: World Matchplay - Sky Sports 1 1900. SAILING: America's Cup World Series - BT Sport 1 1245. BASEBALL: MLB - BT Sport/ESPN 1800, BT Sport 2 1900, Los Angeles Dodgers v St Louis Cardinals BT Sport/ESPN 0100 (Mon). Tomorrow (Monday, July 25) CRICKET: Fourth day of the second Investec Test from Old Trafford, England v Pakistan - Sky Sports 2 1030; final day of the first Test from North Sound, West Indies v India - Sky Sports 1 1455. SOCCER: Betfred Cup first round, Rangers v Stranraer - BT Sport 1 1915. TENNIS: ATP Tour, Rogers Cup from Toronto - Sky Sports 3 1600; WTA Tour, Rogers Cup from Montreal - BT Sport 2 1730, BT Sport 1 0000 (Tue). CYCLING: Tour de Wallonie stage three - Eurosport 2 1415.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,317	The mineral stibnite is a source of which metallic element?	Stibnite: The mineral stibnite information and pictures Advertising Information The Mineral stibnite Stibnite is named after the latin stibium, which is the old name of the element antimony (Sb). Stibnite was and continues to be the primary ore of antimony. Stibnite forms some of the most outstanding natural crystals that exist, in way of sharpness, luster , and size. It can form in groups of huge metallic luster ed crystals that are elegantly crafted and exceptionally shiny. Stibnite is often replaced by dull yellow Stibiconite and Cervantite . The pseudomorph is sometimes only partial, in which only a section of the crystal has been altered , with the rest remaining intact. Stibnite may occasionally tarnish with a dull or iridescent coating. USES Stibnite is the most important ore of the element antimony, and is an industrially important mineral. It was used as a metallic cosmetic in ancient civilization. Stibnite also forms some of the most exceptional crystal formations of all minerals, and large and well crystallized are highly sought after and appreciated by mineral collectors. NOTEWORTHY LOCALITIES A classic locality for Stibnite is the now-exhausted Ichinokawa mine, on Shikoku Island, Japan, famous for producing outstanding large crystals and groupings. The Chinese occurrences have become the latest producers of the most exceptional Stibnite specimens, with some of them producing crystals enormous in size. The most important Chinese deposit, as well as the world's largest antimony mine, is the Xikuangshan Mine, Lengshuijiang, Loudi Prefecture, Hunan Province. Other important Chinese localities include the Wuning Mine, Qingjiang, Jiangxi Province; Qinglong, Guizhou Province; the Dahegou Mine, Lushi, Henan Province; and Nandan, Hechi Prefecture. Rumania has produced classic and aesthetic examples of Stibnite. Specific localities include Baia Sprie; Baia Mare (especially the Herja Mine); and Kapnik all in Maramures Co. Also in Maramures is the locality of Baiut, which produced groupings of unusually thick crystals. Other European Stibnite localities include Příbram, Bohemia, Czech Republic; Stadtschlaining, near Oberwart, Austria; and Manciano, Tuscany, Italy. In South America, there are several good localities in Peru, including Quiruvilca, La Libertad Dept; the Palomo Mine, Huancavelica Dept; and Raura, Lima Dept. Another important South American locality is the Socavón Mine, Oruro, Bolivia. In Mexico, a noted occurrence is San Martín, Zacatecas. In the U.S., the best-known Stibnite is from the White Caps Mine, Manhattan District, Nye Co., Nevada. Other localities include the Murray mine, Independence Mountains, Elko Co., Nevada; the Stayton District, Hollister, Diablo Range, San Benito Co., California; the McLaughlin Mine, Knoxville, Napa Co., California; and the Red Devil Mine, Bethel Borough, Alaska.	Jacques Cartier \| Exploration \| France Jacques Cartier You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 7 to 102 are not shown in this preview. You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 106 to 110 are not shown in this preview. This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue? CANCEL We've moved you to where you read on your other device. Get the full title to continue Get the full title to continue reading from where you left off, or restart the preview. Restart preview	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,318	What was landscape gardener Capability Brown's proper christian name	Capability Brown biography Capability Brown biography BY DAVID ROSS , EDITOR Stowe Landscape Gardens, Buckinghamshire Lancelot "Capability" Brown was born in Kirkharle, Northumberland in 1715 (more about his nickname "Capability" in a moment). Young Lancelot was educated at Cambo School, before serving as a gardener's boy in the service of Sir William Loraine. From there he moved on to Wotton, owned by Sir Richard Grenville. From Wotton he joined the gardening staff of Lord Cobham, at Stowe, Buckinghamshire. There he served under William Kent, one of the founders of the new English style of Landscape Gardening. The men became close, and Brown married Kent's daughter. At Stowe, Brown was responsible for actually implementing Kent's designs, but it seems clear that Lord Cobham also allowed Brown to take on work for his aristocratic friends while he was still employed at Stowe. Lord Cobham died in 1749, and Brown left Stowe to set up his own gardening practice based in London two years later. To say that Brown was successful in his profession is an understatement of the highest order. He became immensely sought after by the aristocracy, and it is estimated that he was responsible for some 170 gardens surrounding the finest country houses and estates in Britain. So numerous are his designs, and so widespread was his influence, that it is almost harder to find a prominent country house that did not have a garden designed by Capability Brown. Burghley House landscaped grounds Lancelot Brown soon acquired the peculiar nickname "Capability" from his habit of telling clients that their gardens had "great capabilities". In his talented hands, they certainly did. Brown has been criticized, with some justification, for destroying the works of previous generations of gardeners to create his landscapes. He worked with a grand vision, and preferred to sweep away the past and create a fresh garden to his own standards. What were those standards? The English landscape garden under Capability Brown was a place of wide green undulating lawns with sinuous bands and clumps of trees, planted with the utmost care to give the impression of a romantic natural scene. The trees opened up to give carefully planned glimpses of interest points, often classical temples, bridges, or monuments. Everything was meticulously contrived to give a sense of informality, of natural beauty, though of course nothing in the garden was "natural" at all. In later life Brown was appointed head gardener at Hampton Court Palace in 1761, though he continued his private practice. Capability Brown died Feb. 6, 1783, in London, leaving behind himself a legacy unparalleled in the history of English gardening. Memorial to Capability Worcestershire List of Capability Brown gardens A partial listing of surviving gardens designed by Capability Brown that are open to the public	Characters by Series 2 - The World of Supermarionation The World of Supermarionation Paul Metcalfe (Born December 17, 2036 in Winchester, Hampshire, England) is a senior staff officer and Spectrum’s number one agent. Paul was born into a family with a long military history; his father, grand-father and great-grandfather all served in the World Army, where they all distinguished themselves. It was natural that Paul would also follow the family tradition by choosing a military career. He graduated from Winchester University in 2057, at the age of 21, with degrees in History, Technology and employment of Mathematics, and then went to West Point Military University in New York State, U.S.A., where he was trained in field combat duty, how to pilot a variety of aircraft and to become an expert with hundreds of weapons, from the most sophisticated to the most ancient (2059-2063). Drilled to survive in any conditions, he demonstrated a strong mental resilience, a concern for others over his own safety, and an ability to command. Acclaimed as ‘Supreme Soldier’ by fellow students and lecturers alike, Paul left West Point and joined – or was transferred – to the World Army/Air-Force. Nevertheless, with his ability to command and his professional military outlook, he gained promotion after promotion, until, within two years, he had reached the rank of Colonel – the youngest the WAAF had known to date - and had seen action in all the corners of the globe. The selection committee charged with finding candidates for the formation of the new organization of Spectrum, had followed Paul’s career, and recognized his qualities of leadership, initiative, combat strategy, integrity and his dedication to his work within the WAAF. Therefore, in 2065, he was approached by them and accepted the offer to become a field agent for Spectrum, with the rank of Captain, and the colour-code name ‘Scarlet’. Scarlet was killed in the first episode of the series, in a car accident brought about by the Mysterons, which also resulted in the death of Captain Brown. Both men were reconstructed by the aliens to assassinate the World President and Brown was turned into a walking bomb for this purpose. When this attempt failed, Scarlet kidnapped the President from Cloudbase and flew him to England, taking him to the top of the London Car-Vu, a large car park tower. Cornered while holding the President at gunpoint over the city below, Scarlet was shot by Captain Blue and fell 800 feet to his apparent destruction. However, at the end of the episode it was revealed that Scarlet was returning to life and had become incapable of dying due to the powers of the Mysterons, although the fall had broken the Mysteron programming and returned him to his original personality. This extraordinary ability heals Scarlet of physical injuries within hours, making him virtually indestructible. Scarlet, like all Mysterons, is still vulnerable to electricity and impervious to X-rays. He also has a "sixth sense" when in the presence of a strong Mysteron influence - he becomes nauseous, sweats, and gets a terrible headache - but this sense sometimes does not indicate all Mysteron presence in an area. Though Scarlet "dies" several times in the course of the series - usually quite violently - he always returns to life. Captain Scarlet’s voice was provided by English actor Francis Matthews. Francis’ most famous roles were for Hammer Studios in the 1950s and '60s, including as the Baron's assistant in “The Revenge of Frankenstein” (1958), and as the dashing heroes of “Dracula, Prince of Darkness” and “Rasputin, the Mad Monk”, both filmed in 1965. Captain Scarlet’s appearance and voice was said to be based off of a young Cary Grant. Scarlet’s puppet was later revamped for use as the bumbling Agent Paul Blake in “The Secret Service”. Connections between the two characters are made, saying that Blake is the Great Grandfather of Captain Scarlet. In the 2005 CGI Reboot of the series, Captain Scarlet’s personality is about the same though his back-story is rather different. Instead of being kil	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,319	What is Europe's oldest parliament dating from 930 AD?	Which country can claim to be the World's oldest democracy? \| Notes and Queries \| guardian.co.uk Which country can claim to be the World's oldest democracy? Russell Campbell, Dunedin, New Zealand Lots of them can. And do. Greece has a pretty good claim having invented the concept in the first place. However, long spells as an Ottoman colony or under military junta might put it out of the running if you're looking for longest continuously democratic country. Britain has a decent claim but it depends what you mean by democracy. As Rowan Atkinson put it in Blackadder: "take Manchester for instance. Population: 60,000. Electoral roll: 3". America frequently claims to be but this is because they define democracy so narrowly and in their own image such that on their criteria they're the worlds only democracy and on any other criteria they still aren't and never have been. Seth, Edinburgh, Scotland Perhaps Iceland can - their parliament, the Althing, is the oldest one still in use. It was formed in 930 by Vikings. Johan van Slooten, Urk, Netherlands The Native American people of the Six Nations, also known by the French term Iroquois and who know themselves as the Hau De-no Sau-nee (People of the Long Houses) claim to be the oldest living participatory democracy. Their homeland, country, nation or however you'd like to classify it as, was in the region now known as New York State, between the Adirondack Mountains and Niagara Falls. The other tribes included in the Six Nations also included the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas, joined in the 18th Century by the Tuscaroras, who did not have a vote. Archeological evidence indicates the Iroquois had lived on their lands for a very long time, with the earliest longhouses dated to at least 1100 A.D. Although there is no precise date for the establishment of the league, The Six Nations claim to have enjoyed a system of consensus government for over 800 years, well established long before the arrival of the Europeans. Founded to maintain peace and resolve disputes between its members, the Six Nations primary law was the Kainerekowa, the 'Great Law of Peace' which stated, simply, that Iroquois should not kill each other. They had a written constitution, laws dealing with ownership and trade routes and a funeral rite that allowed shared mourning at the passing of leaders from other tribes. From 1660, the nations combined to form a united front in negotiations with the European settlers. With the focus on maintaining peace with their neighbours, the Iroquois tribes were free to develop their predominantly agragian society. Their leaders were chosen, by their women, for their knowledge of the earth and their skills at providing for their villages. John Maguire, Dublin, Ireland A great many can claim it. It rather depends what you mean by democracy. The Isle of Man has the oldest Parliament, but it has not always been elected by universal suffrage. Did the UK have to await the extension of the franchise to 18 year olds? Or was it 1929, when women got the vote on the same terms as men - at least for Parliament, only householders voted in local authority elections at the time? Switzerland has an ancient confederation, but governments never get voted out of power, due to the permanent coaltion. The same four parties have been in power since 1959, two of them for over a century. Switzerland, like California, makes great use of direct democracy, at both confederal and cantonal level. But in some cantons women didn't get the vote until the 1970s. Australia and New Zealand were both early to give women the vote, but neither elects their Head of State. Quentin Langley, Woking UK If we mean by that, 'Which country has ensured that all adult citizens regardless of sex, race, or ethnicity, may choose reprentatives to exercise the powers of government longest?', then the answer is New Zealand. Universal adult suffrage was first established there in 1893. Fragano Ledgister, Atlanta, USA Seth, I'm surprised at you. Britain does not have a claim to being the world's oldest democracy, as i	1973 United Kingdom'saccession to the European Economic Community The inscription "50 PENCE" and the date of the year, surrounded by nine hands, symbolising the nine members of the Community, clasping one another in a mutual gesture of trust, assistance and friendship Designed by David Wynne 1992-93 United Kingdom's Presidency of the Council of Ministers and the completion of the Single European Market A representation of a table on which are placed twelve stars, linked by a network of lines to each other and also to twelve chairs around the table, on one of which appear the letters "UK", andwith the dates "1992" and "1993" above and the value "50 PENCE" below Designed by Mary Milner Dickens 1994 50th Anniversary of the D-Day Landings A design representing the Allied invasion force heading for Normandy andfilling the sea and sky, together with the value "50 PENCE" Designed by John Mills 1998 United Kingdom's Presidency of the European Union, and the 25th Anniversary of the United Kingdom's accession to the European Economic Community A celebratoryarrangement of stars with the letters "EU" between theAnniversary dates "1973" and "1998", and the value 50 PENCE below Designed by John Mills 1998 50th Anniversary of the National Health Service A pair of hands set against a pattern of radiating lines with the words "FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY" and the value "50 PENCE",accompanied by the initials "NHS" which appear five times on the outer border Designed by David Cornell 2000 150th Anniversary of the Public Libraries Act The turning pages of a book, the Anniversary dates "1850" and "2000", and the value "50 PENCE", all above a classical library building on which appear the words "PUBLIC LIBRARIES" and,withinthe pediment, representations of compact discs Designed by Mary Milner Dickens 2003 100th Anniversary of the formation of the Women's Social and Political Union The figure of a suffragette chained to railings andholding a banner on which appear the lettersWSPU, to the right a ballot paper marked with a cross and the words GIVE WOMEN THE VOTE, to the left the value 50 PENCE, and below and to thefar right the Anniversary dates 1903 and 2003 Designed by Mary Milner Dickens 2004 50th Anniversary of the first four-minute mile by Roger Bannister The legs of a running athlete with a stylised stopwatch in the background and the value 50 PENCE below Designed by James Butler 2005 250th Anniversary of Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language Entries from the Dictionary for the words FIFTYand PENCE, with the figure50 above, and the inscription JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY 1755 below Designed by Tom Phillips 2006 150th Anniversary of the institution of the Victoria Cross Depiction of the obverse and reverse of a Victoria Cross with the date 29 JAN 1856 in the centre of the reverse of the Cross, the letters VC to the right and the value FIFTY PENCE below Designed by Claire Aldridge 2006 150th Anniversary of the institution of the Victoria Cross Depiction of a soldier carrying a wounded comrade with an outline of the Victoria Cross surrounded by a sunburst effect in the background Designed by Clive Duncan 2007 Centenary of the Foundation of the Scouting Movement A fleur-de-lis superimposed over a globe and surrounded by the inscription "BE PREPARED", the dates "1907" and "2007", and the denomination "FIFTY PENCE". Designed by Kerry Jones 2009 250th anniversary of the foundation of the Royal Botanic Gardens A design showing the pagoda encircled by a vine and accompanied by the dates “1759” and “2009”, with the word “KEW” at the base of the pagoda Designed by Christopher Le Brun 2010 Celebrating 100 Years of Girlguiding UK Designed by Jonathan Evans and Donna Hainan 2011 Celebrating 50 years of the work of WWF Designed by Matthew Dent Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of the birth of Christopher Ironside Designed by Christopher Ironside	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,320	Notorious bank robbing duo Bonnie and Clyde were eventually ambushed by law enforcement agents in what U.S. state?	10 Famous Depression-era Bank Robbers - Listverse 10 Famous Depression-era Bank Robbers Josh Fox August 1, 2011 The Great Depression began with the Wall Street crash in 1929, and lasted well into the following decades. At this time, unemployment in the USA had risen to 25% and many more people were resorting to crime. Historians have labelled the 1930s as the “Public Enemy” era; a time when a small minority of criminals stood out as being particularly notorious and were hunted determinedly by the police and FBI. These criminals weren’t like the bank robbers of today; handing a note to a teller and escaping with $100, only to be caught the next day. These ruthless thieves would burst in and ransack the bank, usually forcing a manager to open the vault. They would commonly participate in gun battles with police, in which innocent bystanders were often killed. I have tried to rank in order of reputation and skill. 10 John “Red” Hamilton Hamilton began his criminal career by robbing a gas station in Indiana, and being sentenced to a very long prison term of 25 years. Whilst incarcerated, he began to associate with prominent bank robbers such as John Dillinger, Harry Pierpoint and Homer Van Meter. On September 26, 1933, a total of 10 men, including Hamilton, escaped using smuggled guns from the recently paroled John Dillinger. Hamilton and the rest of the gang learned that Dillinger had been imprisoned in Allen County prison, in Lima, on bank robbery charges. The gang were determined to free him, but first they needed cash to fund the break out. The gang robbed the First Nation Bank, in St. Mary’s Ohio, escaping with $14,000. Hamilton attended the liberation at Lima Jail but did not enter the building, instead serving as a lookout. Hamilton went on to commit a spree of chaotic, yet lucrative, bank robberies with the Dillinger gang. In January, 1934, the gang robbed a bank in Chicago escaping with $20,376. During the heist, a police officer was gunned down and Dillinger was officially charged with the murder, even though many witnesses named Hamilton as the shooter. Hamilton was at the top of the public enemy list, whilst Dillinger and associate Harry Pierpoint were imprisoned. Dillinger broke out, however, and Hamilton joined him once again to commit more robberies. On April 23, 1934, the gang were confronted by police and, during a getaway, Hamilton was wounded and died shortly after. Dillinger buried his friend at the home of Volney Davis and Edna Murray. 9 Volney Davis Volney Davis was the boyfriend of Edna “rabbits” Murray. The pair robbed banks together during the 1930s. He was also an associate of John Dillinger, Alvin Karpis and the Barker gang. He committed his first major robbery in the 1920s, burglarizing a hospital in Tulsa. The night watchman was murdered in this incident, and Davis was sentenced to life imprisonment. After a failed escape attempt, and after serving 7 years, he applied for a 20 month leave of absence which was granted. However, instead of returning to prison, he went on the run. He reunited with girlfriend, and partner in crime, Edna Murray before joining Alvin Karpis and the Barker gang, who were at the peak of their criminal success. After many successful bank robberies and kidnappings, Davis was captured and charged with kidnapping. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and spent most of his adult life in Alcatraz. 8 “Slick” Willie Sutton Sutton was an accomplished bank robber, although he never carried a loaded gun and never killed anybody throughout his criminal career. He was nicknamed “slick” for the many disguises he wore on the job. For instance, he has robbed banks dressed as a maintenance man, a postman and a police officer. He has also escaped from prison multiple times. The first time he was serving a 30 year sentence for robbery, he used a smuggled gun to hold a prison guard hostage, before using a ladder to scale the prison wall. After being apprehended again, he was sentenced to 50 years imprisonment. This time he escaped through a tunnel along with other convicts, although he was	Easy Rider (1969) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Two counterculture bikers travel from Los Angeles to New Orleans in search of America. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 37 titles created 05 Oct 2013 a list of 34 titles created 28 Jan 2014 a list of 30 titles created 12 Sep 2014 a list of 45 titles created 31 Oct 2014 a list of 29 titles created 18 Sep 2015 Search for " Easy Rider " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 2 Oscars. Another 8 wins & 12 nominations. See more awards » Videos A dropout from upper-class America picks up work along the way on oil rigs when his life isn't spent in a squalid succession of bars, motels, and other points of interest. Director: Bob Rafelson Bonnie Parker, a bored waitress falls in love with an ex-con named Clyde Barrow and together they start a violent crime spree through the country, robbing cars and banks. Director: Arthur Penn A naive hustler travels from Texas to New York to seek personal fortune but, in the process, finds himself a new friend. Director: John Schlesinger Two Navy men are ordered to bring a young offender to prison but decide to show him one last good time along the way. Director: Hal Ashby In 1951, a group of high schoolers come of age in a bleak, isolated, atrophied West Texas town that is slowly dying, both culturally and economically. Director: Peter Bogdanovich A disillusioned college graduate finds himself torn between his older lover and her daughter. Director: Mike Nichols A rebellious young man with a troubled past comes to a new town, finding friends and enemies. Director: Nicholas Ray The discovery of a severed human ear found in a field leads a young man on an investigation related to a beautiful, mysterious nightclub singer and a group of psychopathic criminals who have kidnapped her child. Director: David Lynch An aging group of outlaws look for one last big score as the "traditional" American West is disappearing around them. Director: Sam Peckinpah A man upon retirement embarks on a journey to his estranged daughter's wedding only to discover more about himself and life than he ever expected. Director: Alexander Payne A couple of high school grads spend one final night cruising the strip with their buddies before they go off to college. Director: George Lucas Edit Storyline Two young "hippie" bikers, Wyatt and Billy sell some dope in Southern California, stash their money away in their gas-tank and set off for a trip across America, on their own personal odyssey looking for a way to lead their lives. On the journey they encounter bigotry and hatred from small-town communities who despise and fear their non-conformism. However Wyatt and Billy also discover people attempting 'alternative lifestyles' who are resisting this narrow-mindedness, there is always a question mark over the future survival of these drop-out groups. The gentle hippie community who thank God for 'a place to stand' are living their own unreal dream. The rancher they encounter and his Mexican wife are hard-pushed to make ends meet. Even LSD turns sour when the trip is a bad one. Death comes to seem the only freedom. When they arrive at a diner in a small town, they are insulted by the local rednecks as weirdo degenerates. They are arrested on some minor pretext by the local sheriff and ... Written by alfiehitchie It's here! EASY RIDER ...the biggest hit in the cinema today! (British Quad) See more » Genres: 26 June 1969 (Sweden) See more » Also Known As: Mono (Western Electric Sound System) Color: Did You Know? Trivia Tom Mankiewicz was in New Orleans at the same time working on a TV music special. "I ran into Dennis and Peter by accident. Nobody had any idea that Easy Rider (1969) would become some	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,321	The magazine 'Private Eye' gave the nickname 'The Bouncing Czech' to which man?	Private Eye (Magazine) - TV Tropes Private Eye You need to login to do this. Get Known if you don't have an account Share The very first edition, layout and cartooning by Willie Rushton . "The best comedy is when you attack the strong, not the weak." —Ian Hislop, editor. A British fortnightly magazine of current affairs and satirical humour, running since 1961. Founders included its first editor Richard Ingrams, and comedians Peter Cook and Willie Rushton , who had all been contemporaries at Shrewsbury School and later at Oxbridge . It does a lot of investigative journalism and has been sued for libel a considerable number of times (it usually loses, and would have been bankrupted by the damages if not for donations from supporters and subscribers). Its editor, Ian Hislop (a team captain on Have I Got News for You ), even held the record for 'Most Sued Man in England' for a time. For many years it was verging on a point of pride how long it had been since they won a case. The first time Ian Hislop won a libel suit, the following issue was filled in celebratory manner with yet more libelous material, just because they knew they'd get away with it. note For those reading from outside the UK, it's important to point out that under English law it is possible for something to be both perfectly true and libelous, as it is up to the defendant to prove the truth of what he/she has said, and even then truth is not considered an absolute defense against libel. In the United States, the person bringing the suit has to prove that what was said is false, at least when the defendant is a newspaper or other media outlet (the standard for when the defendant is an individual varies from state to state , but the law of defamation as applied to the media is largely controlled by the Free Press Clause of the First Amendment to the federal Constitution and is thus consistent across states). Also, American law does consider the truth to be an absolute defense; moreover, in the United States, statements of opinion are also protected, and the definition of "opinion" is quite broad—even factually false statements can be "opinion" in the right context. The flip side of this is that getting an injunction to prevent something being published in the first place is rather harder in Britain - otherwise known as Publish and be damned. Or at least, it was, before the current fad for "super injunctions", where the target is not even allowed to say they have had an injunction put upon them, let alone talk about the original subject... Regular Cartoons and Ongoing Parodies "The Broonites", (defunct) which featured the Brown camp of the now former Labour government and who all spoke in exaggerated Scottish accents- even the English ones. This was done in the style of The Broons , a cartoon strip from The Sunday Post . Contains an apparently deliberate example for comic effect of Just Plane Wrong . In the 1205 strip, Gordon Brown is put on a plane to Afghanistan to solve the government's popularity problems. The plane- an English Electric Lightning, long gone from RAF service. This is possibly a bizarre example of the cartoonist having Shown Their Work . You see, the original cartoonist on The Broons- (Dudley D Watkins) spent the whole of World War Two drawing anything military in the same style as his earlier adventure comics: That is, straight out of World War One. The Robber Baron cycle, a fictional series of operas detailing the life and crimes of Silvio, the Robber Baron, based on Silvio Berlusconi of Italy. Radio Times: Classic Opera Buffooni, which opens with the Robber Baron Silvio cavorting in the Palazzo Fornicazione with a chorus of scantily clad nymphs who sing the chorus 'Money, Money, Money — We've come here for the Money'. Prime Ministerial parodies: Reporting on governmental affairs in the style of something else. These generally take the form of either a personal diary/correspondence (particularly by the PM's spouse) or an internal missive at a fictional institution designed to parody the PM's style or policies. "The New Coalition Acad	Index-a The live album Beauty and the Beat featured pianist George Shearring and which singer? Peggy Lee Whose band was the Tijuana Brass? Herb Alpert Who were Cliff Richard's backing group through the 60s? The Shadows Who were the famous backing singers on most of Elvis Presley's early hits? The Jordanaires The Stratocaster is a model of which guitar maker? Fender Which piano-playing singer's first hit was The Fat Man? Fats Domino Which American rock'n'roll star caused controversy when he married a young teenager? Jerry Lee Lewis Who made the highly rated 1959 jazz album Kind of Blue? Miles Davis Which iconic British female singer made the highly regarded album titled '(her first name) in Memphis' ? Dusty Springfield Whose band was the All Stars? Junior Walker (Jr Walker) Larry Adler played what instrument? Harmonica Whose childhood hit was Fingertips? Stevie Wonder Which guitar innovator and player has a range of Gibson Guitars named after him? Les Paul The founding brother members of the Kinks were Ray and Dave what? Davies What was Smokey Robinson's most famous band called? The Miracles Kenny Ball and his Jazzmen's 1962 hit was called March of the ... what? Siamese Children Who sang the hit theme song Rawhide? Frankie Laine John Mayall's band which helped launch Eric Clapton's career was called what? Bluesbreakers Rock Around the Clock was a hit for Bill Haley and his ... what? Comets Which comedy actor had a novelty hit with My Boomerang Won't Come Back? Charlie Drake Who sang with Serge Gainsbourg on the hit Je t'aime? Jane Birkin Colin Blunstone fronted which 1960s group? The Zombies What Eastenders star sang on the novelty hit Come Outside? Wendy Richard Jiles Perry (JP) Richardson Jr, who died in the same plane crash as Ritchie Valens and Buddy Holly was better known by what name?Big Bopper Which later-to-be-famous solo singer and guitarist toured as a member of the Beach Boys in the mid 60s? Glen Campbell Who had sang the hit song Little Old Wine Drinker Me? Dean Martin What famous 'two-fingered' jazz guitarist died in 1953? Django Reinhardt (Jean-Baptiste Reinhardt) What song, released to promote the film The Millionairess, featured its stars Peter Sellers and Sophia Loren? Goodness Gracious Me Who managed the Beatles' prior to his early death in 1967? Brian Epstein Whose nickname was a derived from the term satchel-mouth? Louis Armstrong (Satchmo) What's the name of the motorbiker who dies in the Shangri-Las' hit The Leader of the Pack? Jimmy Which singing-songwriting founder of the Flying Burrito Brothers died age 26, after which his body was 'stolen' by a friend and burnt in the Joshua Tree National Park? Gram Parsons Which American singer and entertainer was nicknamed Schnozzola, because of his large nose? Jimmy Durante Who wrote and had a hit with the instrumental Classical Gas? Mason Williams Who wrote Patsy Cline's hit Crazy? Willie Nelson What city hosted the Beatles as the resident band at the Kaiserkeller and Top Ten Club? Hamburg The Isley Brothers' hit was called Behind a ... what? Painted Smile 1950-60s record turntables commonly offered four speeds: 33, 45, 78, and what other? 16 (technically the speeds were 33⅓ and 16⅔ but record decks tended to show only the whole numbers) American DJ Robert Weston Smith was better known by what stage name? Wolfman Jack What ridiculously titled song was a hit in 1954 for Max Bygraves in the UK and the Four Lads in the USA? Gilly Gilly Ossenfeffer Katzenellen Bogen by the Sea Who had the 1965 instrumental hit Spanish Flea? Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass What was Emile Ford and the Checkmates' 1959 hit, supposedly the longest ever question in a UK No1 song title? What Do You Want to Make Those Eyes at Me For? Who singer-guitarist's backing band was The Bruvvers? Joe Brown Which Rolling Stones guitarist died in a swimming pool in 1969? Bri	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,322	With which sport is Florence Griffith-Joyner, also known as Flo-Jo, associated?	BBC News \| Sport \| Flo-Jo dies at 38 Monday, September 21, 1998 Published at 17:48 GMT 18:48 UK Sport Flo-Jo dies at 38 Florence Griffith Joyner celebrates her Olympic victory Florence Griffith Joyner, triple gold medalist at the 1988 Seoul Olympics, has died at the age of 38. The American sprinter apparently suffered a heart seizure at her home in Mission Viejo, California. Duncan Kennedy: "She remained an inspiration to women athletes" Three-time world hurdles champion Greg Foster, a friend of the family, said: "We have lost one of the great track and field athletes in history. She's going to be missed. It's definitely a shock, a great loss." Griffith Joyner, known by her fans as Flo-Jo, captivated the world with her phenomenal speed and flamboyant style but her rapid improvement and her tremendous physique fuelled rumours about performance-enhancing drugs. She was the wife of 1984 Olympic triple-jump gold medalist Al Joyner and the sister-in-law of Jackie Joyner-Kersee, the six-time Olympic medalist and world heptathlon record-holder. Griffith Joyner set women's 100 and 200-metre world records in 1988. Famous fingernails Known for her self-designed running uniforms and six-inch painted fingernails, she also won a 1984 Olympic silver medal in the heptathlon and 1992 bronze medal in the long jump. Florence Griffith Joyner in action Griffith Joyner first captured the headlines with an amazing series of runs in the US Olympic trials in 1988 and became the first woman to run the 100m in 10.49 seconds. At Seoul she won the 100m in a wind-assisted 10.54, then set two world records at the 200m, running the semi-final in 21.56 and the final in 21.34. Denied taking drugs She retired immediately after the 1988 Games, amid a swirl of rumours about her taking performance-enhancing substances. She always denied the accusations and never failed a drugs test. She married Al Joyner in October 1987 and had a daughter Mary, who was nicknamed Mo Jo by the US press. Jamaican athlete Juliette Cuthbert, who ran against Flo-Jo in 1988, said Griffith Joyner had another seizure on board an aeroplane in 1996. Death of a role model Her premature death is bound to raise questions about her lifestyle and resurrect allegations of drug-taking. But US Olympic committee president Bill Hybl said: "She was a role model for girls and young women in sports and her legacy will be one that included kindness and an interest in children." Primo Nebiolo, president of the International Amateur Athletics Federation, said: "It's a great shock and makes me extremely sad. "I knew that Florence Griffith Joyner had had some heart problems in recent months but I didn't think it was anything really serious." Mr Nebiolo said: "Sadly her life has passed as rapidly as her races."	Forthcoming Reviews \| football book reviews football book reviews Flying Over An Olive Grove by Clive Nicholson, Ralph Nicholson and Mark Metcalf Flying Over An Olive Grove is the first great working-class football story. Born at a unique moment in the history of the beautiful game, Fred Spiksley was amongst a new wave of teenagers who from 1885 onwards could aspire to be a professional footballer and dodge the inevitability of industrial labour. He became the first player to score a hat-trick against Scotland and in 1896 he guided Sheffield Wednesday to FA Cup glory with 4 goals and 8 assists during the cup run. His first goal in the final is considered by some to be the fastest ever goal in FA Cup final history. At his peak he was the fastest winger in England and possessed total ball control. He was a player with such ability that he was able to take his club and country to the pinnacle of football during an era where his slender frame did not suit the rough treatment that was often meted out to him. With Fred Spiksley on the field no match was ever lost. Even with two broken ribs, he had the pluck and tenacity to remain on the field and score the winning goal in an epic FA Cup tie at Olive Grove, the ground where he made his name; ‘the Olive Grove Flyer’. He scored over 300 career goals and won every major honour in the game, and holds the record for the highest goals-to-game ratio of any winger in the history of English football. His fame extended around the World as he became the first professional footballer to coach across three continents. In Europe he managed the Swedish national team and guided 1FC Nuremberg to the German Championship in 1927. Football presented Fred Spiksley, a small lad from the backstreets of Lincolnshire, with a lifetime of adventure. He would be chased along the touchline by the future Queen of England, share the stage with Charlie Chaplin and in 1914 escape from a German prison. An addicted gambler and self confessed womaniser, Fred Spiksley’s character meant that he was not always the hero off the pitch that he was on it. Flying Over An Olive Grove brings Fred Spiksley’s remarkable but long forgotten story to a new audience and contains a superb collection of images, including the earliest known photograph of an international goal being scored. The Bottom Corner: A season with the dreamers of non-league football by Nige Tassell Everyone loves an FA Cup upset: a smug Premier League team being knocked out by plucky underdogs. In these days of oligarch owners, superstar managers and players on sky-high wages, the tide is turning against the big teams as fans search for football with a soul. Enter non-league football – the heartland of the beautiful game. Nige Tassell spends a season among the characters who inhabit this world. The raffle-ticket seller who wants her ashes scattered in the centre-circle. The envelope salesman who discovered a future England international. The ex-pros still playing with undiluted passion on Sunday mornings. One thing unites them: they are all dreamers. Tassell ventures all over the footballing map, from the giantkillers of Salford City to hungover cloggers on Hackney Marshes, interviewing obsessive groundhoppers, record-smashing goalscorers, dictatorial managers, ukulele-strumming fans and the captain of the Filipino national team. He makes extended stopovers at both new boys Tranmere Rovers looking for a speedy return to the Football League and the inhabitants of the ‘bottom corner’ Bishop Sutton, who are just trying to get eleven men on a pitch. Hope and ambition. Triumph and tragedy. Faith and despair. All human life is here in the win-or-sink drama of non-league football. The Immortals: The Story of Leicester City’s Premier League Season 2015/16 by Harry Harris Written by legendary soccer writer Harry Harris, with 76 best-selling books to his name, the fairy tale account of how the team rose from the very bottom of the league to triumph against all odds will be a must-read for all Foxes fans as well as millions of neutral supporters who adopted Lei	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,323	Argentum is the Latin name for what element?	Argentum, Latin word for this element History & Etymology Silver is known by the mankind since Pre-History, and its discovery is estimated happened to shortly after that of copper and gold. The oldest reference to the element appears in the book of Genesis. "And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold." (Gen. 13:2) The Egyptians considered gold to be a perfect metal, and gave it the symbol of a circle. Since silver was the closest to gold in perfection, it was given the symbol of a semi-circle. Later this semi-circle led to a growing moon symbol, probably due to the likeness between the shining metal and the moon glow. The noble metals, gold and silver, are found in the native state, and as is well known, gold and silver were used to make jewelry and sheet metal due to the great ductility and lustre of the pure metals. Its malleability and ductility make it ideal for ornamental purposes. It was also used for paying debts, in personal and religious places decoration and in utensils of the wealthiest houses. Some mineral scums in old mines of the Near-East and in some islands of the Aegean sea seem to reveal that by 5000 b.C. a method was already known to separate silver from lead. Early gold and silver ornaments from the Indian subcontinent are found from Indus Valley sites such as Mohenjodaro (ca 3000 BC). The monetary use of silver may well be as old as that of gold but the abundance of the native metal was probably far less, so that comparable supplies were not available until a method of winning the metal from its ores had been discovered. It appears, however, that by perhaps 3000 BC a form of cupellation was in operation in Asia Minor and its use gradually spread, so that silver coinage was of crucial economic importance to all subsequent classical Mediterranean civilizations. In astrology alchemy the seven heavenly bodies known to the ancients were associated with seven metals also known in antiquity: Sun (Sol)	Table of Elements in Greek and Latin (Rome) Language. Sidebar Periodic Table of Elements The Greek language and Greek myth have contributed greatly to the sciences, including chemistry. This is most apparent in the Periodic Table of Elements. A table of the elements with mythological influences, or at least have the Greek language to thank for their names, is below. For kicks, I have included the Latin (Roman) terms also. (Please note: this is not the complete table of elements, only those with Greek or Latin influences.) Actinium From the Greek wordaktinos (ray) Aluminum From the Latin wordalumen, or"bitter". Antimony From the Greek words anti (opposed) and monos (solitude) Argon From the Greek wordargon (inactive) Arsenic From the Greek wordarsenikos and the Latin wordarsenicum, meaning "yellow orpiment". Astatine From the Greek wordastatos (unstable) Barium From the Greek wordbarys (heavy) Bromine From the Greek wordbrômos (stench) Cadmium Symbol: Cd Atomic Number: 48 From the Greek wordkadmeia (ancient name for calamine) and from the Latin word cadmia.Cadmus, in Greek myth, was the founder of Thebes. Calcium From the latin wordcalcis (lime) Carbon Ceres (asteroid), and the Roman version of Demeter, the goddess of agriculture. Cesium From the Latin wordcaesius (sky blue) Chlorine From the Greek wordkhlôros (green) Chromium From the Greek wordchrôma (color) Copper From the Latin wordcyprium, after the island of Cyprus and birthplace of Aphrodite. Dysprosium From the Greek worddysprositos (hard to get at). Fluorine From the Latin wordfluo (flow) Gold From the Latin wordaurum (gold). In Roman mythology, Aurora was the goddess of dawn--golden indeed. Helium From the Greek wordhêlios (sun); Helios in Greek mythology was the god of the Sun. Hydrogen Symbol: H Atomic Number: 1 From the Greek words hudôr (water) and gennan(generate). Heracles fought the Hydra of Lerna (a sea town) for his second labor. Iodine From the Greek wordiôdes (violet). Iridium Symbol: Ir Atomic Number: 77 From the Latin wordiridis (rainbow). The Greeks had a messenger goddess, Iris, whose colorful cape flowed behind her. Iron From the Latin wordferrum (iron) Krypton Symbol: Kr Atomic Number: 36 From the Greek wordkryptos (hidden). In modern language, words such as "encrypt" can be discerned from the Greek. Lanthanum From the Greek wordlanthaneis (to lie hidden). Lead Symbol: Pb Atomic Number: 82 Name Origin: From the Greek word protos (first). Some Greeks believd that the first god ever was Protogonus, or "first born". Symbol Origin: From the Latin wordplumbum (lead) Lithium From the Greek wordlithos (stone) Manganese From the Latin wordmangnes (magnet) Molybdenum From the Greek word molubdos (lead) Neodymium Symbol: Nd Atomic Number: 60 From the Greek words neos (new) anddidymos (twin). Twins appear regularly in Greek myth, from the Dioscuri (Castor & Polydeuces) to the divine twins (Artemis & Apollo). Neon Form the Greek word neos (new) Neptunium After the planet Neptune, the Roman sea god, identified as Poseidon in Greek myth. Niobium Symbol: Nb Atomic Number: 41 After Niobe, daughter of mythical king (Tantalus). She had bragged about her set of seven girls and seven boys, scoffing at Leto for only having two children. Apollo and Artemis promptly killed her offspring. Niobe, in despair, was turned to stone by the gods. Osmium From the Greek word osmë (odor) Oxygen From the Greek words oxus (acid) andgennan (generate) Palladium From the Greek goddess (Pallas) and after an asteroid Phosphorous Symbol: P Atomic Number: 15 From the Greek words phôs (light) andphoros (bearer), Phosphoros was a god of light in Greek myth. Plutonium After the planet Pluto and the Latin god of the Underworld (Hades in Greek). Potassium Symbol Origin: From the Latin word kalium Praseodymium From the Greek words prasios (green) anddidymos (twin) Promethium From the Titan Prometheus who stole fire of the sky and gave it to man. Protactinium From the Greek word protos (first) [see name origin for lead]. Radium From the Latin word radius (ray) Rhodium From the Greek word rhodon	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,324	Whose symphony no3 is subtitled 'Scottish'?	San Francisco Symphony - MENDELSSOHN: Symphony No. 3 in A minor, Opus 56, Scottish San Francisco Symphony Music Then and Now: Twentieth Century and Contemporary Mendelssohn: Symphony No. 3 in A Minor, Opus 56, Scottish Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn was born in Hamburg on February 3, 1809, and died in Leipzig on November 4, 1847. Following the Mendelssohn family’s conversion from Judaism to Lutheranism—the children in 1816, the father in 1822—they appended the second name of Bartholdy to their surname; accordingly, the composer is often referred to as Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy. Although he made a short preliminary sketch in August 1829, Mendelssohn composed his Scottish Symphony in earnest from late 1840 to January 20, 1842, and it was premiered on March 3, 1842, with the composer conducting the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. After slight revision, the work was re-introduced in what would be its final form on March 17, under the direction of Karl Bach, conductor at the Leipzig Opera. It was introduced in the US by George Loder and the New York Philharmonic on November 22, 1845. The San Francisco Symphony first played the work under the direction of Alfred Hertz in December 1921. The most recent performances, in January 2010, were conducted by David Robertson. Mendelssohn dedicated the score to “H.M. Queen Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland.” It calls for an orchestra of two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, four horns, two trumpets, timpani, and strings. Performance time: about forty minutes. Felix Mendelssohn was born into a family that was both cultured and wealthy. His grandfather was the noted philosopher Moses Mendelssohn, and his father, Abraham, was a supremely successful banker (one remembered for his astute observation that he was destined to go down in history as his father’s son and his son’s father). As a result, young Felix, his gifted sister Fanny Cäcilie, and their younger sister Rebekka and brother Paul enjoyed certain advantages as they moved through their childhood. Even as youngsters, the Mendelssohn children associated with the rich and famous, received well-rounded educations from the best teachers imaginable, and traveled widely. One of the many pleasant perks young Mendelssohn enjoyed was having a private orchestra at his disposal to try out his new compositions at every-other-Sunday musicales instituted in 1822 at the family home in Berlin (the Mendelssohns having moved there from Hamburg in 1811). The composer’s early works were unveiled at these gatherings, among them several of his twelve completed string symphonies, ebullient compositions that chart his progress towards increasing subtlety and refinement in manipulating orchestral forces. The last of the string symphonies was introduced at the end of December 1823. Three months later Mendelssohn, who had just turned fifteen, completed his first symphony for full orchestra, the Symphony No. 1 in C minor (Opus 11), a youthful work still but nonetheless meriting an opus number and, with it, admission to the canon of his “mature” works. Four symphonies would follow Mendelssohn’s string symphonies and his Symphony No. 1, though not in the order that their eventual numbering implies. The next to be written was the Reformation Symphony, mostly composed in 1829-30 and premiered in 1832, but not published until 1868, when it was identified as the fifth of Mendelssohn’s symphonies. The Italian Symphony followed in 1832, but publication waited until 1851 (four years after the composer’s death), when it was assigned position number four among the symphonies. The Symphony No. 2, a sort of symphonic cantata subtitled Lobgesang—Song of Praise—was the next to be written (in 1841, with publication the following year), and the Symphony No. 3 came last, being completed in 1842 and premiered in 1843. The official numbering of Mendelssohn’s symphonies reflects their publication dates; a chronological lineup based on order of composition would run 1, 5, 4, 2, 3. Though he did not embark on its composition in any sustained way until 1840, Mendelss	The UK Number Ones : 1950s Sheet Music Sales Week Ending SONG TITLE Notable Recording(s) + Artist Links Weeks COMMENT 7 Jan 1950 You're Breaking My Heart Ink Spots 2 They were a top close-harmony singing act of black Americans. 21 Jan 1950 Hop Scotch Polka Billy Whitlock 1 Whitlock wrote the piece with that title, but called it "Scotch Hot" on the recording! 28 Jan 1950 The Harry Lime Theme Anton Karas 4 (Returned for 3 weeks from w/e 18/2/50) Famed theme from the spy film "The Third Man", starring Orson Welles. The theme was composed by the performer. 4 Feb 1950 Dear Hearts And Gentle People 1: Dinah Shore Song was a radio favourite on the "Billy Cotton Band Show". 11 Mar 1950 Music! Music! Music! Teresa Brewer 6 First major hit for the girl from Ohio. She later did badly against UK cover versions. 22 Apr 1950 (If I Knew You Were Comin') I'd've Baked A Cake Eve Young & The Homesteaders 1 Another happy-go-lucky radio favourite which Billy Cotton helped to popularise. 29 Apr 1950 My Foolish Heart Billy Eckstine 11 He was a deep-voiced star from the 1930s, still very popular throughout the 50s. 8 Jul 1950 Bewitched (Bothered and Bewildered) 1: Doris Day Written by Rodgers & Hart. Recorded by Doris Day in 1949. 9 Sep 1950 Silver Dollar (Roll, Roll, Roll) Eve Young & The Homesteaders 7 Similar style to Eve's previous hit, got the musicians buying again. 28 Oct 1950 Goodnight Irene 1: Frank Sinatra 2: Jo Stafford 4 A version by the Gordon Jenkins Orch was at no 1 in the US for 13 weeks. 25 Nov 1950 Rudolph The Red-nosed Reindeer 1: Gene Autry Christmas song that has remained ever popular since. 6 Jan 1951 I Taut I Taw A Puddy Tat Mel Blanc 3 Based on a line from the Tweetie Pie cartoons. Mel was the cartoon voice. 27 Jan 1951 Beloved, Be Faithful 1: Teddy Johnson Both of these were top British balladeers of their time. 3 Feb 1951 The Petite Waltz 1: Anne Shelton At this time, the most popular dance by far was the waltz. 17 Feb 1951 The Tennessee Waltz 1: Patti Page 2: Anita O'Day 9 The US country music star (Patti Page) battled it out in the UK with a jazz music star (Anita O'Day) a country music waltz. 21 Apr 1951 Mockin' Bird Hill Les Paul & Mary Ford 10 They were of multi-track recording and amplified electric guitars. 30 Jun 1951 With These Hands Nelson Eddy & Jo Stafford 3 Hits for Shirley Bassey in 1960 and Tom Jones in 1965. 21 Jul 1951 My Resistance Is Low Hoagy Carmichael 4 Written by the singer. Hit for Robin Sarstedt in 1976. Cole's version is now best known, but it was Young's first major success. 10 Nov 1951 Longing For You Teresa Brewer 11 Melody based on the classical piece "Waltz Dream" by Oscar Straus. 12 Jan 1952 The Loveliest Night Of The Year 1: Mario Lanza Was on the chart for a record 32 weeks before making No 1. 23 Feb 1952 There's Always Room At Our House Guy Mitchell 4 First major recording for this US singing star. 22 Mar 1952 Unforgettable Nat 'King' Cole 10 All-time Nat 'King' Cole classic. 24 May 1952 A-round The Corner Jo Stafford 3 She was the most popular American female singer in the UK at this time. 14 Jun 1952 Auf Wiederseh'n Sweetheart Vera Lynn 10 Immensely popular with people who remembered the war years. 23 Aug 1952 The Homing Waltz 1: Vera Lynn Successive No 1s for Vera Lynn recordings. 25 Oct 1952 Here In My Heart Al Martino 8 Became the first No 1 on the record-sales chart. 27 Dec 1952 You Belong To Me 1: Jo Stafford It was Jo Stafford's version that topped the infant records chart. 7 Feb 1953 Don't Let The Stars Get In Your Eyes Perry Como 1 Como's version topped the record charts in UK and US. 14 Feb 1953 Broken Wings 1: Stargazers 2: Dickie Valentine 3: Art & Dottie Todd 6 These three versions were UK hits, but the Stargazers took it to No 1 in the records chart. 28 Mar 1953 (How Much Is) That Doggie In The Window 1: Patti Page Both UK record hits, but Lita Roza made it to the top. 9 May 1953 In A Golden Coach 1: Billy Cotton Band Celebrating the c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,325	"Which Shakespearean character dies with the words, ""The rest is silence""?"	Why did Shakespeare make "the rest is silence" Hamlet's final words? \| eNotes Why did Shakespeare make "the rest is silence" Hamlet's final words? amymc \| High School Teacher \| (Level 2) Associate Educator Posted on June 13, 2011 at 12:13 AM I would ask you to consider the "noise" that Hamlet has been experiencing since his father died. Because Hamlet is a sensitive, philosophical young man, he thinks rather than acts. However, his father has been murdered and demands revenge from his only son. Therefore, Hamlet experiences a lot of emotional "noise" and it tends to be introverted psychologically rather than extroverted (inward, not outward). His erratic thoughts create additional "noise" as does his thwarted love for Ophelia and the deceptions of his two friends. As Act V concludes, he realizes his end may be near and does not seem afraid. In fact, he seems to have resolved his life to the hand of fate, as the following quotation implies: If it be now, 'tis not to come; if it be not to come, it will be now; if it be not now, yet it will come: the readiness is all: since no man has aught of what he leaves, what is't to leave betimes? After this decision, the "noise" in his head subsides. He seems to think more clearly. The final quote--"the rest is silence"--could represent the true peace that Hamlet feels as both external and internal noise are gone. like 2 dislike 0 August 16, 2008 at 9:29 AM Hamlet, who speaks the majority of the lines in the play, is about to die and stop speaking for ever. He has avenged his father's murder, been cut with the poisoned rapier, and, as he has just reflected to Horatio, is about to pass the crown of Denmark (he is, at this moment, effectively the only candidate to be king) to Fortinbras. There will be no familial succession. In that sense, the rest is silence for the line of the Hamlets. Yet there is (as with so many other things in Hamlet) a meta-theatrical element. Hamlet has just asked Horatio not to commit suicide (Horatio's line 'Here's yet some liquor left' refers to a drop of poison left and his desire to kill himself) but to stay alive and to 'report' Hamlet's story to Fortinbras. Hamlet cannot voice his choice for succession nor can he tell his own story: he is about to die; there can only be silence from him. But when the play--itself a version of Hamlet's story--comes to an end, part of Horatio's project, even after the curtain has come down, is to re-tell that same story: So tell him, with the occurrents, more and less, Which have solicited. Paraphrase: So tell Fortinbras, with the events and results that came to pass, more or less, which wrongdoing was provoked and incited. So, perhaps, as we come to the end of a performance of Hamlet in the theatre, we confront Hamlet. Yet, in an odd sort of way, we simply come to the end of a cycle. There is silence at the end of each performance, but every time the play itself is performed, Hamlet's dying wish for his story to be told 'aright' is fulfilled. HAMLET The potent poison quite o'er-crows my spirit: I cannot live to hear the news from England, But I do prophesy the election lights On Fortinbras: he has my dying voice; So tell him, with the occurrents, more and less, Which have solicited—The rest is silence". The reference you mention is part of Hamlet's final speech in which he observes the fact that he is dying and reflects that he will not be a part of anything more in life. The rest of his life is to be silence. His life ended, too soon, leaving a wide gap of silence where years of living should be. Hamlet realizes he needs to rely on Horatio to tell Fortinbras that he has Hamlet's "dying voice" for succession to the throne of Denmark. He also asks Horatio to tell the story of his uncle, his father, his mother, of how Ophelia died, and finally of how Hamlet's promising life was cut short when he says: HAMLET. So tell him, with the occurrents, more and less, Which have solicited ... May 29, 2008 at 8:39 AM The obvious answer is probably the right one here: It was the end of the play. Hamlet dies with these words	Shakespeare/Pop Music: Broadway - shakespeareandpopularmusic shakespeareandpopularmusic INTRODUCTION Although considered part of the classical theatrical canon today, Shakespeare's plays were an important part of the popular culture of Early Modern England. It seems only fitting that Broadway has made these plays part of popular culture again by adapting them into musicals. Very little academic research and/or writing, however, is available on this topic. In order to remedy the situation, this page has compiled a working archive of resources on Broadway musicals based on Shakespeare's plays, in the hopes that this will generate further interest and analysis. Most of the research that went into creating this page is centered on Broadway specifically, but a list of non-Broadway musicals has also been included in order to show that this phenomenon is by no means centered in one locale. To date, this archive includes the names of twenty-two Shakespearean musical productions. These productions have been produced in the United States, England, and Prague and have been performed in numerous other countries. Shakespeare's romantic comedies are the genre of play most often adapted into musical productions. Sixteen of the twenty-two productions included in this archive are based on Shakespearean romantic comedies. The Comedy of Errors, which was the first Shakespeare play to ever be adapted into a musical, is tied with Twelfth Night for the most number of musical theatre adaptations, at four productions each (Comedy of Errors: The Boys from Syracuse, Oh, Brother! , The Bomb-itty of Errors, and Da Boyz/Twelfth Night: Play On!, Music Is, Love and Let Love, Your Own Thing), while A Midsummer Night's Dream and Hamlet follow close behind with three different musical theatre adaptations (A Midsummer Night's Dream: Swingin' The Dream, Babes in the Wood, and The Donkey Show: A Midsummer Night's Dream Disco/Hamlet: Rockabye Hamlet, The Lion King, and Hamlet The Rock Opera). Besides Hamlet, three other Shakespearean tragedies have been adapted into musicals: Romeo and Juliet (West-Side Story and Sensations), King Lear (Pop!) and Macbeth (From a Jack to a King). No evidence has been yet found of a history play having been turned into a musical. Popular music has also been appropriated by many of these productions. Swing (The Brothers of Syracuse, Swingin' the Dream, Play On!) , Rock and Roll (Two Gentlemen of Verona, Rockabye Hamlet, Your Own Thing, From a Jack to a King and Hamlet The Rock Opera), Hip-Hop/Rap (The Bomb-itty of Errors and Da Boyz), and Reggae (The Big Life) are all examples of musical genres that have been appropriated by Broadway musicals - whose songs, incidentally, also sometimes become the stuff of popular music (Kiss Me Kate, West Side Story, Lion King, and so forth). The fluid relationship between Shakespeare and popular music in Broadway productions deserves further consideration, as does the fact that many of these productions are using Shakespeare and popular music not simply to make money, but also to discuss issues of both race (Swingin' the Dream) and gender (Kiss Me Kate) or both (Play On!). Theatre Royal Stratford East's 2005 production of The Big Life, for example, uses Reggae music and the plot-line of Love Labour's Lost to tell the historically true story of Caribbean immigrants who set sail for England in the 1950s on the SS Empire Windrush because they had been promised both jobs and a better life by the English government who very much needed their help to re-build after the war. Some of the questions that productions like The Big Life require academics to ask of themselves include: 1) Can popular music be used in musical adaptations of Shakespeare to talk-back to colonial/patriarchal imperatives and to de-centralize the hegemonic authority of Shakespeare's works? (And if so how are they able to do this? ); 2) Does the capitalist form of Broadway musical productions make it impossible to de-centralize power of any kind in these musical adaptations of Shakespeare? (And, if so, what are Sha	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,326	Baron Bomburst is a character in which British family film?	Chitty Chitty Bang Bang Reviews & Ratings - IMDb IMDb 52 out of 58 people found the following review useful: James Bond goes to Romper Room from Los Angeles, Ca 22 June 2001 I'm one of many thirty-somethings that grew up on this movie and later suffered nightmares featuring the Child Catcher. To this day, I still feel an uneasy chill when I hear the words "kiddie-winkies". Bit I still love this film on several levels. I loved it as a child because it's great cinema for children. I love it as a film student because it's a well-crafted, timeless fairytale. And I love it as an adult because it full of suggestive double meanings, much like the Warner Bros cartoons of the 1940s - the type of things that shoot straight over kids' heads and make adults snicker knowingly. With a screenplay penned by Ian Fleming, this should come as no surprise. Dick Van Dyke is Caractacus Potts, a wacky inventor who inexplicably lives in England with his two inexplicably English children. Caractacus Potts...wacky inventor,,,get it? Hoo hah! Potts and his two children (whose pictures may be seen in the dictionary next to the word "moppet") live with the senior Mr. Potts in a windmill/labratory. Caractacus rescues a junked motorcar from rusting in a field and restores it to new - meet Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, named for the sounds the car makes. Soon thereafter in one of those Pipi Longstocking-esque child-arranged dates, Potts and his two children go on a picnic with local richgirl Truly Scrumptious - possibly the best Bond Girl name since Pussy Galore. As the day winds down, Potts tells the children a story, in which the foursome embark on a great adventure in the resplendent Chitty Chitty Bang Bang which Potts as rigged to fly, float, drive itself, and perform other turn-of-the-century Batmobile-like functions. Our heroes end up in a far away kingdom ruled over by the Baron and Baroness Bomburst (Gert Frobe and Anna Quayle), a terribly sad place where children have been outlawed, rounded up, and kept in a dungeon. The gang and Chitty invade the kingdom to rescue Potts' father, who has mistakenly been identified as the inventor of the flying car and kidnapped. There, they befriend a toymaker (played by Benny Hill in one of his stock characters from his TV show) who hides the children while they attempt to spring grandpa Potts. Enter the Child Catcher, who lures the children with free lollipops and takes them away to the dungeon. Potts and the toymaker (who now only makes toys for the child-like king) hatch a plan to infiltrate the castle, rescue the elder Potts and the twin moppets, and free all the other children as well. I have two favorite scenes in this film. One is the musical number in the castle, where Truly and Potts are disguised as huge toys for the Baron's birthday. Truly is a wind-up doll on a music box, and Potts is a marionette who does a dance number that not only convinces you that he really is on strings, but that Dick Van Dyke is one of the most talented performers ever to be caught on film. My other favorite scene, I admit with guilt, is the one where the Baron and Baroness are readying themselves for bedtime, and prancing around the room in nightclothes calling each other by ultra-gooey-cute pet names. However, whenever the Baroness isn't looking, Baron Goldfinger takes a swing at her with an axe. It's the most entertainingly erotic scene in a kiddie flick since Natalie Wood was covered in cream pies while wearing only frilly turn-of-the-century underwear in "The Great Race". This film is a rare treat. It's a film that appeals to kids and keeps adults interested at the same time. Let your kids watch it, watch it with them, or just watch it yourself when you're in the mood for some pure, escapist fun. And try not to think about the Child Catcher when you go to bed afterward. Was the above review useful to you? 44 out of 54 people found the following review useful: Surprised folks wouldn't like this delightful film! from California 12 May 2003 It surprises me that some people think this is a horrible film. I was 3 when this fi	2001 KO Final February, which ex-PM was awarded an earldom on his 90th birthday ? Harold Macmillan B1 A member of the House of Lords and an ex-MP, who celebrated his 100th birthday in November 1984 ? Mannie Shinwell Which government department banned trades unions causing a national outcry ? GCHQ (Government Communications Headquarters) Outside which foreign government building was policewoman Yvonne Fletcher shot and fatally wounded ? Libyan People's Bureau or Libyan Embassy A3 In the course of a violent argument in April, which recording artist was shot and killed by his father ? Marvin Gaye In October, who was killed by members of her own bodyguard ? Indira Ghandi A4 In March the British government announced its approval of the sale of which shipyard on the lower Clyde to Trafalgar House ? Scott Lithgow B4 In October which bank, a bullion dealer, was rescued from debts of around ï¿½250 million by a Bank of England buy-out ? Johnson Matthey Subject: ï¿½One Word Cinemaï¿½ Answers A1 A 1992 Oscar winning Clint Eastwood film in which a former hired killer turned unsuccessful farmer returns to his old ways in pursuit of a $1,000 reward ? Unforgiven B1 A 1972 John Boorman film in which a leading character, played by Ned Beatty, is raped by a ï¿½Hillbillyï¿½ ? Deliverance A2 A 1929 film, Hitchcockï¿½s first talkie, in which a Scotland Yard Inspector is placed in a difficult position when he discovers his girlfriend has committed a murder ? Blackmail B2 Set in Rio, a 1946 Hitchcock film with Cary Grant & Ingrid Bergman in which a woman marries a Nazi renegade to help the US Government ? Notorious A3 A 1916 film by D.W. Griffith starring Lillian Gish in one of four intercut stories including Balshazzarï¿½s Feast and the St Bartholomewï¿½s Day Massacre ? Intolerance B3 A 1967 camped-up version of Faust in which a short order cook is saved from suicide by Mr Spiggott - who offers him 7 wishes in exchange for his soul ? Bedazzled A4 A 1924 Erich von Stroheim film in which an ex-miner turned dentist kills his avaricious wife and her lover ? Greed B4 Set in the mid 19th century, a 1999 film starring Guy Pearce & Robert Carlyle in which a cannibalistic officer commands an isolated army outpost ? Ravenous Answers A1 The liqueur Curaï¿½ao (say ï¿½Koor-a-sowï¿½) is traditionally flavoured with sugar & which fruit ? Orange B1 Which spirit takes its name from a place near Guadalajara (say ï¿½Gwadlaharaï¿½) where the conquistadors first developed it from a variety of Aztec drink ? Tequila A2 With a peculiar but agreeable taste, which coarse & potent liquor is made in the East Indies from a variety of sources, including fermented rice & coconut juice ? Arrack B2 Used to season food & fruit as well as alcoholic drinks, which flavouring is prepared with oil distilled from the aromatic bark of two S. American trees blended with herbs, and bears the former name of a port in Venezuela ? Angostura (now called Cuidad Bolivar) A3 Derived from a town in north east Hungary, what name is shared by a grape variety and a golden-yellow coloured, sweet, aromatic wine ? Tokay (from Tokaj) Subject: Wordgame ï¿½Noï¿½ as in ï¿½Noteï¿½ Answers ï¿½ a spout on a hose etc. from which a jet issues ? Nozzel ï¿½ a small round piece of meat or a chocolate made with hazelnuts ? Noisette ï¿½ something or someone absolutely un	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,327	Who, after the 2015 General Election is the 'Father of the House’?	Labour’s Dennis Skinner at 83: ‘Father of the House? You must be joking’ \| Politics \| The Guardian Dennis Skinner Labour’s Dennis Skinner at 83: ‘Father of the House? You must be joking’ If re-elected, the Derbyshire MP will join a small group who have been in the Commons since 1970. So how does he keep going – and why? ‘I’ve never bothered what people say about me’ … Dennis Skinner is fighting his 12th general election in Derbyshire. Photograph: Christopher Thomond for the Guardian Saturday 2 May 2015 06.30 EDT Last modified on Tuesday 20 September 2016 10.05 EDT Share on Messenger Close Dennis Skinner is a little suspicious when we speak on the phone. “Why do you want to talk to me? I don’t trust the papers.” I protest my innocence. “Well, there’s the fact that you’re standing again, and if you complete another five years, you’ll have been in parliament for half a century. Oh, and the paperback of your memoir is about to come out.” “Is it?” he says “Nobody tells me anything.” Eventually he relents. “All right. You’d better come tomorrow. The weather looks better than the day after. If it’s raining, we’ll just be talking to people through their windows. Bolsover library at 12 o’clock. We can talk there and then go out campaigning. I just hope it isn’t raining. It was terrible today.” I expect Bolsover, in north-east Derbyshire, to be a tough little industrial town, but it’s actually more a large, sleepy village. Skinner’s constituency, which he has represented for Labour since 1970, is a collection of 20-odd former pit villages strung across 30 miles of rural Derbyshire. This is now a green and pleasant land, gentrifying in parts. Neighbouring seats, undergoing similar transformations, are no longer Labour bankers, but Skinner’s still is. His election agent, Gary Ransford, expects the 11,000 majority at the last election to rise to 15,000-plus at this one. Skinner is waiting for me in the little library when I arrive, and we talk at a small table in the fiction section. At 83 – and having survived a heart bypass and bladder cancer in the past decade – he is in remarkably good nick. He has carefully groomed, shoulder-length grey hair, a rheumy right eye that weeps later when he stands speechifying in the cold wind, and sports a natty jacket and red tie. He is, you sense, a man who cares about his appearance. Pinterest ‘I’ve been very lucky’ … Skinner earlier in his career. Photograph: Daily Mail/Rex Shutterstock But why on earth is he standing again at 83? He’ll be close to 90 if the next parliament runs its course – only Gerald Kaufman, standing again for Labour in Manchester Gorton at 84, is older. “Mainly because Cameron told me to retire,” Skinner says. “People seem to forget. He told me three times in parliament. If I’d have finished, it would have looked as if he’d scored a victory. He would have talked about it. The moment he said that, I knew I’d have to run.” But in any case, he doubts whether the parliament will last a full five years. “It looks a lot like 1974,” he says. “I would guess either Miliband or Cameron would consider doing what Harold Wilson did and having a second election.” Skinner says he is standing up well to the rigours of his 12th campaign in Bolsover. “I’ve been very lucky. I used to be very athletic when I was a young man. I don’t know whether that’s got anything to do with it. I worked in the pit for more than 20 years and never had a serious injury. I was playing tennis way into my 50s, until my knees began to give me trouble, and I still ride a bike, although my last one was stolen from the House of Commons.” Everyone is shaped by their upbringing, but Skinner is defined by his. His memoir, Sailing Close to the Wind, recounts growing up as one of nine children in a poor but loving mining family in Clay Cross, a few miles south of Chesterfield. Bright and articulate, he passed the 11-plus and went to a grammar school, but rather than try for university, chose to leave school at 16 and follow his father down the pit. When he started work at Parkhouse colliery, one of 10 mines close to Clay	Labour party: The 1960s to the Present Labour party The 1960s to the Present Harold Wilson , who became leader on Gaitskell's death in 1963, was able to lead the party to victory in 1964. He was prime minister until the Conservative party returned to power in 1970. Wilson's administration was marked by a continued decline in Britain's international political and economic position, which gave little opportunity for social innovation. After 1970, the Labour party, in opposition, again found it difficult to present a united front. The reversal of the party's position on Britain's entry into the European Community (now the European Union ), after having earlier supported it, and a renewed call for further nationalization of industry were indications of a greater left-wing militancy within the party. The party returned to power as a result of the elections of Feb., 1974, but as a minority government. Wilson's second administration began renegotiation of the terms of Britain's membership in the European Community and announced plans for large-scale nationalization. Despite continuing economic difficulties he called new elections in Oct., 1974, and Labour won a small majority. James Callaghan took over as prime minister following Wilson's resignation in 1976. The party lost power to the Conservatives under Margaret Thatcher in the 1979 elections and remained in the opposition until the late 1990s. Michael Foot became party leader in 1980 but was succeeded by Neil Kinnock in 1983. Kinnock led the party to abandon some of its traditional left-wing positions but proved unable to achieve victory at the polls. He resigned in 1992 after the Conservative victory in the general elections and was succeeded by John Smith . After Smith's untimely death in 1994, moderate Tony Blair was chosen to lead the party. Under Blair's leadership, the party formally abandoned traditional socialism in 1995 and subsequently won (1997, 2001) consecutive resounding victories at the polls. The party's narrower victory in 2005 marked the first time Labour had won three consecutive national elections. Blair stepped down as party leader and prime minister in 2007, and was succeeded by Gordon Brown . In the 2010 elections Brown and Labour lost to the Conservatives, who won a plurality. Brown resigned the party leadership, and Ed Miliband was elected party leader. Sections in this article:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,328	The name of which Old Testament prophet has come to mean a bringer of bad luck?	8. Jesus and Nicodemus (John 3:1-21) \| Bible.org From the series: That You Might Believe: A Study of the Gospel of John PREVIOUS PAGE \| NEXT PAGE 8. Jesus and Nicodemus (John 3:1-21) 1 Now there came a man of the Pharisees whose name was Nicodemus, a member of the council. 2 He came to Jesus at night and said to him, “Rabbi, we know that you are a teacher who has come from God. For no one could do the miraculous signs that you do unless God were with him.” 3 Jesus replied, “I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born from above, he cannot see the kingdom of God.” 4 Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is old? He cannot enter his mother’s womb and be born a second time, can he?” 5 Jesus answered, “I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born of water and spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. 6 What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. 7 Do not be amazed that I said to you, ‘You must be born from above.’ 8 The wind blows wherever it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.” 9 Nicodemus replied, “How can these things be?” 10 Jesus answered, “Are you the teacher of Israel and yet you don’t understand these things? 11 I tell you the solemn truth, we speak about what we know and testify about what we have seen, but you people do not accept our testimony. 12 If I have told you people about earthly things and you don’t believe, how will you believe if I tell you about heavenly things? 13 No one has ascended into heaven except the one who descended from heaven—the Son of Man. 14 Just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the desert, so must the Son of Man be lifted up, 15 so that everyone who believes in him may have eternal life.” 16 For this is the way God loved the world: he gave his one and only Son that everyone who believes in him should not perish but have eternal life. 17 For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the world, but that the world should be saved through him. 18 The one who believes in him is not condemned. The one who does not believe has been condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the one and only Son of God. 19 Now this is the basis for judging: that the light has come into the world and people loved the darkness rather than the light, because their deeds were evil. 20 For everyone who does evil deeds hates the light and does not come to the light, so that their deeds will not be exposed. 21 But the one who practices the truth comes to the light, so that it may be plainly evident that his deeds have been done in God. 146 Introduction A number of years ago, I read a newspaper account of a speech given by the president of a well-known university to a group of influential businessmen and civic leaders. The president told of a recent experience which he, his audience, and the newspaper reporter found humorous. The president was shopping during the Christmas season and happened to pass by a Salvation Army volunteer, standing by a “donation kettle” and ringing a bell. As he paused to make a donation, the woman volunteer asked this educator: “Sir, are you saved?” When he replied that he supposed he was, she was not satisfied, so she pursued the matter further: “I mean, have you ever given your full life to the Lord?” At this point, the president told his audience, he thought he should enlighten this persistent woman concerning his identity: “I am the president of such and such university, and as such, I am also president of its school of theology.” The lady considered his response for a moment, and then replied, “It doesn’t matter wherever you’ve been, or whatever you are, you can still be saved.” The most tragic part of this incident is that both the seminary president and his audience actually thought his story was amusing. One can imagine that if Nicodemus had been confronted by this Salvation Army volunteer, he would have thought—and said—just about the same thing as the university president. Nicod	Job Job Title This book, like many others in the Old Testament, got its name from the central character in it rather than from its writer. While it is possible that Job may have written it, there is no concrete evidence that he did. "Job" means "hated" or "much persecuted." Perhaps "Job" was a nickname his friends gave him during his suffering. Job is the title of the book in the Hebrew, Greek (Septuagint), Latin (Vulgate), and English Bibles. Date Concerning the time the events recorded took place, there have been many views, ranging from the patriarchal age of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (beginning about 2100 B.C.) to the second century B.C. Internal evidence suggests that Job lived in the patriarchal period. The length of his life (he lived 140 years after his trials ended, 42:16) is similar to that of Terah (205 years), Abraham (175 years), Isaac (180 years), and Jacob (147 years). The writer measured Job's wealth in terms of his livestock. This is how Moses evaluated the wealth of Abraham and Jacob (1:3; 42:12; cf. Gen. 12:16; 13:2; 30:43; 32:5). The Sabeans and Chaldeans (1:15, 17) were nomads during the patriarchal period, but not later. The Hebrew word for "piece of silver [money]" (qesitah; 42:11) is found elsewhere only in connection with Jacob (Gen. 33:19; cf. Josh 24:32). Job was the priest of his family (1:5), a custom that became less common when nations in the Near East developed more organization. Names of people and places in the book were also common in the patriarchal age (e.g., Sheba, Tema, Eliphaz, Uz, Job). Genesis, the Mari documents, and the Egyptian Execration texts, all of which refer to life in the Near East at this time, also refer to these names. The preference for the divine name Shaddai, over Yahweh, may indicate a period before the Exodus (cf. Exod. 3:14-15). Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown believed that Job is probably the oldest book in the world. [1] "The idea that Job has an Edomite background is as old as the LXX, which equates Job with Jobab, king of Edom (Gn. 36:33)." [2] ". . . the book of Job treats a fundamental question of our common humanity; and the poet has studiously taken his hero not from Israelitish history, but from extra-Israelitish tradition." [3] If Job lived in the patriarchal period, as the evidence seems to suggest, what clues are there that someone did not write it then or very soon afterwards? The detailed recounting of the conversations that took place certainly suggests a composition date fairly close to that of the actual events. That has been the position of Jewish and Christian scholars for centuries. Critics point to the fact that oral tradition was very exact in the ancient world and that people could have transmitted Job's story by mouth for generations and retained its purity. With the Holy Spirit's superintending work it could have been, but there is no evidence that this is what happened. Literacy was widespread in the ancient world in the patriarchal period. [4] Critics of an early writing further point out that in the process of social evolution, composition of a work such as this book was more typical at a date much later than the patriarchal period. Yet again there is no evidence that someone wrote it later. The simpler explanation is that someone wrote it early. Since there is no proof that someone wrote it later, many conservative scholars have continued to prefer the traditional early date of composition theory. "Most recent writers [are not conservative and] are agreed that in its original form the book was of post-exilic origin, and the secondary parts of later composition." [5] "Fortunately, nothing significant is at stake in our lack of knowledge of an author or a date of composition for the book." [6] Writer The book does not identify its writer. Furthermore, the ancient Hebrews could not agree on who wrote it. Consequently many different scholars have made guesses as to who the writer was. Internal evidence has led many careful students of the book to conclude that it was the work of one person. Perhaps someone else	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,329	'Maverick', 'Ice','Viper', 'Goose', 'Jester' and 'Cougar' were names used by various characters in which film?	Top Gun (1986) - Goofs - IMDb Top Gun (1986) Goofs Showing all 143 items Jump to: Audio/visual unsynchronised (3) \| Boom mic visible (1) \| Character error (13) \| Continuity (59) \| Crew or equipment visible (2) \| Errors in geography (1) \| Factual errors (28) \| Miscellaneous (1) \| Incorrectly regarded as goofs (9) \| Revealing mistakes (20) \| Spoilers (6) Audio/visual unsynchronised During both the training missions and dogfight scenes, the sound effects for the targeting system and the radar/missile warning are nearly identical. In reality, those two sounds would be completely different so as to give the pilot no doubt as to what's going on (as evidenced when Maverick appears confused when he hears a "lock on" tone when Jester "kills" him while Maverick's chasing Viper). Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options Boom mic visible In Viper's office (visible in the top right as Jester and Viper converse following Maverick leaving the room). Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options Character error The term "bogey" is misused throughout the movie. A bogey is an unidentified aircraft. Once identified, it is referred to as a "friendly" (for friendly aircraft), "bandit" (for non-friendly aircraft) or "hostile" (for non-friendly aircraft that may be fired at). In USN terminology, a non-friendly surface radar contact is a "skunk". Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options When Maverick and Charlie are having dinner, Otis Redding 's "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay" comes on and Maverick remembers his "folks loved it", then states his father "disappeared in an F-4 November 5th, 1965," yet this song was not written until November 1967. Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options When the F-14 engines flame out before the flat spin, Goose says, "Engine one is out," and the next shot shows the number two (right) engine "flaming out." When Goose says, "Engine two is out," we see the number one (left) engine "flaming out." (The flame outs are actually the engines being normally brought out of afterburner.) Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options When the crew sings You've Lost that Lovin' Feeling, they omit the second verse, and change the line "But baby, baby I know it" to "But baby, believe me, I know it." It seems highly unlikely that every man in the room would make the same exact singing error. Additionally, the second verse is missing when Charlie plays the song on the jukebox at the end of the film. Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options Viper tells Maverick, "that's not something the State Department tells dependents when the battle occurred over the wrong line on some map," in reference to the death of Maverick's father. While this is technically correct, it is only correct because the State Department is in no way involved in the process of informing military dependents on the deaths of service members, that is the responsibility of the Defense Department. Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options Continuity On hop 31, the planes clearly take off early in the morning, but once they're off the ground, it's high noon. Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options Throughout the film in various dogfight scenes, the wrong pilot can be seen in the RIO seat of the F-14. For instance, in the initial carrier scenes, Sundown can be seen briefly as Maverick's RIO. In the training Hops, both Merlin and a blue-helmeted pilot can be seen in Maverick's RIO seat. Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options Maverick and Iceman seem to change planes during the final fight scene. Maverick launches in an F-14 bearing a 104 on the nose. Once he lands he exits an F-14 with 114 on the nose while Iceman exits an F-14 with 114 on the nose. Share this: Facebook \| Twitter \| Permalink Hide options Before and during the "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" scene at the bar where Maverick and Goose (et al) serenade Charlie, Maverick's nametag clearly reads "Peter Mitchell," with an "	london life turkish cigarettes photos on Flickr \| Flickr 2 Who would have guessed that the most savage mad-dog frothing gangster in recent movies would be played by--Ben Kingsley? Ben Kingsley, who was Gandhi, and the accountant in "Schindler's List," and the publisher in "Betrayal," and Dr. Watson in "Without a Clue." Ben Kingsley, whose previous criminal was the financial wizard Meyer Lansky in "Bugsy"? Yes, Ben Kingsley. Or, as his character Don Logan says in "Sexy Beast," "Yes! Yes! Yes! Yes! Yes." Logan spits the words into the face of a retired London gangster named Dove. He's an inch away, spitting like a drill sergeant, his face red with anger, the veins throbbing on his forehead, his body coiled in rage. Dove (Ray Winstone), whose nickname is "Gal," lives in a villa on the Costa del Sol in Spain with his wife, Deedee (Amanda Redman), also retired, she from the porn business. He has no desire to return to London to assist in "one last job," a bank heist being masterminded by Logan's boss, Teddy (Ian McShane). But you can't say no to Don Logan. This is what Dove says about him before he arrives in Spain, and when we meet him, we agree. Logan is dangerous not because he is tough, but because he is fearless and mad. You cannot intimidate a man who has no ordinary feelings. Logan is like a pit bull, hard-wired and untrainable. It's in his nature to please his master and frighten people. He has a disconcerting habit of suddenly barking out absurdities: He has a lopsided flywheel. "Sexy Beast" is in a tradition of movies about Cockney villains. It goes on the list with "The Long Good Friday" and "The Limey." It loves its characters: Dove, the gangster gone soft; Logan, who is driven to impose his will on others; Teddy, who has a cockeyed plan to drill into a safe-deposit vault from the pool of the Turkish bath next to the bank, and Harry (James Fox), who owns the bank and thinks he is Teddy's lover when in fact he is simply the man who owns the bank. The heist is absurd in its own way, once Dove gets to London and helps mastermind it. The burglars have total access to the Turkish bath, but it never occurs to them to drain the pool, and so they wear breathing gear while drilling through the walls of the vault next door. The vault predictably fills with water, leading to a wonderful moment when a crook opens a deposit box, finds a container inside, opens it expecting diamonds and gets a surprise. The movie opens on an ominous note. While Dove works on his suntan, a boulder bounces down the slope behind his villa, barely misses him and lands in the pool. In the movie's second act, Logan is the boulder. Kingsley's performance has to be seen to be believed. He's angry, seductive, annoyed, wheedling, fed up, ominous and out of his mind with frustration. I didn't know Kingsley had such notes inside him. Obviously, he can play anyone. His best scene may be the one when Logan gets on the airplane to fly out of Spain, and the attendant asks him to put out his cigarette. Anyone who lights a cigarette on an airplane these days is asking for it, but Logan is begging for a fight. Notice the improvised lies with which he talks his way out of jail and possibly into a nice check from the airline. Ray Winstone's work is as strong, but not as flashy. He can play monsters, too: He was an abusive father in Gary Oldman's "Nil by Mouth" and Tim Roth's "The War Zone," and it says something when those two actors cast him as their villain. His Dove is a gangster gone soft, fond of the good life, doting on his wife, able to intimidate civilians but frankly frightened of Logan. The movie's humor is inseparable from its brutality. The crime boss Teddy (suave and vicious) offers to drive Dove to the airport after the bank job, and that leads to a series of unexpected developments--some jolting, others with deep irony. These are hard men. They could have the Sopranos for dinner, throw up and have them again. ROGER EBERT / 22 June 2001 2 1978 Following on from the oil crisis Japanese car Imports account for half the US import marke	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,330	Who plays Lynette Scavo in the TV series Desperate Housewives?	Desperate Housewives - Show News, Reviews, Recaps and Photos - TV.com EDIT One day, in the loveliest of suburbs, housewife and mother Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong) decided to take her own life. Now, from her elevated state of point of view, Mary Alice introduces us to the lives of her friends, neighbors andfamily members living in the idyllic Wisteria Lane, a street where the lawns are green, the houses are pretty, the people are nice... and the secrets are deadly. Her circle of girlfriends on Wisteria Lane includes: Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), an accident-prone hopeless romantic, always on the search of her happy ending; Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), a harried mother who gave up on her successful career to become the full-time carer for her vast offspring; Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), coined "Martha Stewart-on-steroids", a perfectionist home fairy who strives to uphold an immaculate appearance; and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria), a former top model turned trophy wife, who must adjust to a slightly more low-key life in the suburbs. From her unique vantage point, Mary Alice sees more now than she ever did alive, and she's planning to share all the delicious secrets that hide behind every neighbor's closed door in this seemingly perfect American suburb. Desperate Housewives stars Brenda Strong as Mary Alice Young, Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer, Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo, Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp, Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis, Ricardo Antonio Chavira as Carlos Solis, James Denton as Mike Delfino, Doug Savant as Tom Scavo, Nicollette Sheridan as Edie Britt (seasons 1-5), Andrea Bowen as Julie Mayer, Kyle MacLachlan as Orson Hodge (seasons 3-6), Kathryn Joosten as Karen McCluskey, Shawn Pyfrom as Andrew Van de Kamp, Madison De La Garza as Juanita Solis (seasons 5-8), Mark Moses as Paul Young (seasons 1-2; 7), Dana Delany as Katherine Mayfair (seasons 4-6), Kevin Rahm as Lee McDermott (seasons 4-8), Tuc Watkins as Bob Hunter (seasons 4-8), and Vanessa Williams as Renee Perry (seasons 7-8). Marc Cherry (" The Golden Girls ") was executive producer and creator. Desperate Housewives was produced by Touchstone Television and was the winner of both the 2005 and 2006 Golden Globe Award for "Best Television Series - Musical or Comedy". moreless	Dragnet (TV Series 1951–1959) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Sgt. Joe Friday and his partners methodically investigate crimes in Los Angeles. Creator: Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. a list of 24 titles created 06 Nov 2010 a list of 38 titles created 07 Jan 2011 a list of 49 titles created 05 Mar 2015 a list of 22 titles created 6 months ago a list of 34 titles created 3 months ago Search for " Dragnet " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 5 Primetime Emmys. Another 4 wins & 12 nominations. See more awards » Photos Police Detective Sgt. Joe Friday and his partners investigate crimes in Los Angeles. Stars: Jack Webb, Harry Morgan, Don Ross Two regular police officers patrol Los Angeles. Stars: Martin Milner, Kent McCord, Shaaron Claridge The misadventures of a nun who can fly and her convent and neighbours. Stars: Sally Field, Marge Redmond, Madeleine Sherwood The classic prime time variety show most famous for its vaudeville acts and rock music performances. Stars: Ed Sullivan, Johnny Wayne, Frank Shuster The misadventures of a bumbling Marine named Gomer Pyle. Stars: Jim Nabors, Frank Sutton, Ronnie Schell The misadventures of the family staff of The Shady Rest Hotel and their neighbors of Hooterville. Stars: Edgar Buchanan, Linda Henning, Bea Benaderet The misadventures of a struggling rock band. Stars: Davy Jones, Micky Dolenz, Peter Tork The original rapid fire sketch comedy show. Stars: Dan Rowan, Dick Martin, Ruth Buzzi The exploits of milk-swilling, geriatric private eye Barnaby Jones. Stars: Buddy Ebsen, Lee Meriwether, Mark Shera Ann Marie is a struggling actress living in New York City. In between trying to find jobs acting and modeling she has time for her boyfriend, Don Hollinger, and her dad, Lew Marie. Stars: Marlo Thomas, Ted Bessell, Lew Parker Dean Martin hosts with several different celebrities that have several sketches of improv that breaks down comedy, race, and sex all at of the same time. Stars: Dean Martin, Sandahl Bergman, Dom DeLuise The Smothers Brothers host a comedy variety that would become notorious for its topical satirical humor. Stars: Tom Smothers, Dick Smothers, Pat Paulsen Edit Storyline "The story you are about to see is true", "Just the facts, ma'am", "We were working the day watch" - phrases which became so popular as to inspire much parody - set the realistic tone of this early police drama. The show emphasized careful police work and the interweaving of policemen's professional and personal lives. Written by Ed Stephan <stephan@cc.wwu.edu> 16 December 1951 (USA) See more » Also Known As: Did You Know? Trivia On 11 August 2009 the US Postal Service issued a pane of twenty 44¢ commemorative postage stamps honoring early USA television programs. A booklet with 20 picture postal cards was also issued. The stamp honoring "Dragnet" has a picture of star Jack Webb as Sergeant Joe Friday. Other shows honored in the Early TV Memories issue were: The Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet (1952), Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1955), The Dinah Shore Show (1951), "The Ed Sullivan Show" (originally titled The Ed Sullivan Show (1948)), The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show (1950), Hopalong Cassidy (1952), The Honeymooners (1955), "The Howdy Doody Show" (original title: The Howdy Doody Show (1947)), I Love Lucy (1951), Kukla, Fran and Ollie (1947), Lassie (1954), The Lone Ranger (1949), Perry Mason (1957), The Phil Silvers Show (1955), The Red Skelton Hour (1951), "Texaco	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,331	Convection, conduction, and radiation are three of the ways what type of energy can be transferred?	How is heat transferred? Conduction -- Convection -- Radiation How is heat transferred? Conduction -- Convection -- Radiation What is Heat? All matter is made up of molecules and atoms. These atoms are always in different types of motion (translation, rotational, vibrational). The motion of atoms and molecules creates heat or thermal energy. All matter has this thermal energy. The more motion the atoms or molecules have the more heat or thermal energy they will have. Molecules in Motion This is a flash file made from a short molecular dynamics simulation of water. The green lines represent hydrogen bonds between oxygen and hydrogen. Notice the tight structure of water. It is still possible to see all the motions the waters molecules have. What is temperature? From the video above that shows movement of atoms and molecules it can be seen that some move faster than others. Temperature is an average value of energy for all the atoms and molecules in a given system. Temperature is independent of how much matter there is in the system. It is simply an average of the energy in the system. How is heat transferred? Heat can travel from one place to another in three ways: Conduction, Convection and Radiation. Both conduction and convection require matter to transfer heat. If there is a temperature difference between two systems heat will always find a way to transfer from the higher to lower system. CONDUCTION-- Conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact with each other. The better the conductor, the more rapidly heat will be transferred. Metal is a good conduction of heat. Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. These molecules then bump into nearby particles and transfer some of their energy to them. This then continues and passes the energy from the hot end down to the colder end of the substance. CONVECTION-- Thermal energy is transferred from hot places to cold places by convection. Convection occurs when warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise to cooler areas in the liquid or gas. Cooler liquid or gas then takes the place of the warmer areas which have risen higher. This results in a continous circulation pattern. Water boiling in a pan is a good example of these convection currents. Another good example of convection is in the atmosphere. The earth's surface is warmed by the sun, the warm air rises and cool air moves in. RADIATION-- Radiation is a method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between the heat source and the heated object as is the case with conduction and convection. Heat can be transmitted through empty space by thermal radiation often called infrared radiation . This is a type electromagnetic radiation . No mass is exchanged and no medium is required in the process of radiation. Examples of radiation is the heat from the sun, or heat released from the filament of a light bulb.	Poll system, 2 new trivia lists · Twentysix26/Red-DiscordBot@9ce74b6 · GitHub 75 trivia/2015.txt @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +In China in 2015 the record for the longest mating session between two giant pandas was broken at?`18 minutes`18 mins +Ford claimed to launch the first 'e-(What?)' at the 2015 Mobile World Congress Show?`Bike +A 2015 intensive listening study discovered that giraffes actually?`Hum +Name the last US president to meet the leader of Cuba before Barack Obama did in 2015?`Eisenhower +Jay Z and Beyonce launched a music streaming service in 2015 called? `Tidal +At auction in 2015, $1.2m was paid for Don McLean's original handrwitten lyrics for which 1971 big hit song? `American Pie +In 2015 what global contest ruled against the use of swimsuits for its 114 competitors, for the first time since 1951 inception? `Miss World +Which vast tech corporation opened its first 'Nest' branded intelligent home store in Palo Alto California in 2015?`Google +In 2015 Japan lowered its voting age to what?`18`eighteen +The abbreviation MERS, significantly impacting South Korea 2015, is otherwise known as?`Camel Flu +Christian is the lead character in the film 2015 adaptation of what extraordinarily successful book?`Fifty Shades of Grey`50 shades of grey +Who stepped down as chief of 21st Century Fox in 2015?`Rupert Murdoch`murdoch +In 2015 a new North Korean schools curriculum reportedly included that leader Kim Jong-un learnt to drive at age?`3`three +Which car company launched the Avensis model in 2015?`Toyota +In 2015 evidence of water was found on which planet?`Mars +Which 'BRIC' country launched the Astrosat space lab in 2015?`India +Who won the 2015 men's tennis French Open?`Stan Warwinka`warwinka +What company launched the S6 Edge smartphone?`Samsung +Which leading professional networking tech corporation, whose main revenue is selling user access/details to recruiters, bought the Lynda learning company for $1.5bn in 2015?`Linkedin`linked in +'Dismaland' was the temporary theme park/exhibition of which famous 'anonymous' artist?`Banksy +Matthais Muller was made chief of which troubled car company in 2015?`Volkswagen`vw +In 2015 the World Anti-Doping Agency suggested banning which nation from the 2016 Olympics?`Russia +The game of Monopoly celebrated what anniversary in 2015?`eighty`80`80th +Name the Princess born 4th in succession to the British throne in 2015, to Britain's Duke and Duchess of Cambridge?`Charlotte +The 2015 Mad Max movie is sub-titled?`Fury Road`mad max: fury road`mad max fury road +The Magna Carta, signed in London, and inspiring constitutional rights globally thereafter, was how many years old in 2015?`eight hundred`800 +In 2015 the Sinabug volcano erupted in what country?`Indonesia +Olav Bjortmont became 2015 world champion in?`Quizzing`quiz +Lars Lokke led his centre-right party to 2015 government election victory in what country?`Denmark +Blackberry's new phone for 2015 was called the...?`Priv +Facebook's new music sharing/streaming feature launched in 2015 was called "Music... "?`Stories +Eddie Jones was appointed head coach of which English sporting team in 2015?`Rugby Union`rugby +According to 2015 survey what fruit was most popular among USA children?`Apples`apple +Celebrity chef Gordon Ramsey celebrated what birthday in 2015?`49`fourty-nine`fourty nine`49th +Jon Snow was killed off in what TV series in 2015, adapted from GRR Martin's 'A Song of Ice and Fire'?`Game of Thrones +Finance minister Yanis Yaroufakis caused comment for not wearing a tie in February 2015 when negotiating the debts for which nation?`Greece +What nation hosted the 2015 Women's World (soccer) Cup?`Canada +What iconic equine-alluding company, in countless books/films/cowboy holsters, filed for bankruptcy in 2015?`Colt +Due to a 2015 contamination scandal in India/Afica, which corporation destroyed 400 million packets of Maggi noodles?`Nestle +How many years old was the McDonalds fast food company in 2015?`60`sixty +It was announced in 2015 that Alexander Hamilton would be replaced on?`$10 bill`$10`tendollars`ten dollar bill`ten	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,332	Which company made the first pocket sized transistor radio	transistor radio transistor radio transistor radio Who's On First? A Note on the Transistor Radio Lou Costello wanted to know the answer to the question "who's on first" for the St. Louis baseball team, but Bud Abbot demonstrated how hard it is to answer such a question (see the Sketch by Bud Abbot and Lou Costello ). The same problems of terminology and definition occur in the history of technology. Nick Lyons in The Sony Vision, (N.Y., 1976) claimed that Sony pioneered the "world's first pocket-size all-transistor radio" in March 1957 (page 54). However, Akio Morita in Made in Japan, (N.Y., 1986) wrote that although it was the "world's smallest" it was not the first. "The introduction of this proud achievement was tinged with disappointment that our first transistorized radio was not the very first one on the market" (page 71). That honor belonged to an American company in Indianapolis called I.D.E.A. that announced the production of the Regency TR-1 on October 18, 1954. Michael Schiffer in The Portable Radio in American Life, (Tucson, 1991) wrote that this was "the world's first shirt-pocket portable radio--with transistors" (page 176). The Regency may have been the first commercial transistor radio but Paul Davis has described his development of the first working transistor radio at Texas Instruments in May 1954 (see the Southwestern Historical Quarterly, 1993, pages 56-80). In Germany, Robert Denk may have produced a transistor radio in February of 1948. The germanium transistor was first demonstrated privately at Bell Labs Dec. 23, 1947, by William Shockley and his team. However, production problems delayed its practical use. Until it was perfected, the invention was kept secret for 7 months and no patents were filed until 1948; the first public announcement was June 30, 1948 (Braun and Macdonald, p. 33). Raytheon was first to mass-produce transistors in 1952 and the first to produce a commercial product with transistors, the hearing aid. Amateurs used transistors to design experimental radio circuits as early as 1950 and Western Electric engineers made a wrist radio in 1952 with 4 transistors as a gift for Dick Tracy creator Chester Gould (Schiffer page 174). The Regency claimed in its advertisements that it was the "world's first pocket radio" but Schiffer has chronicled the earlier history of pre-transistor portable radios, such as the Operadio 2 in 1923, the "first stand-alone portable" (page 72), the Zenith Companion in 1924, the "first boom-box advertised nationally" (page 75), and the Belmont Boulevard in 1945, the "world's first commercial shirt-pocket radio" (page 162) using the subminiature tubes developed by Norman Krim at Raytheon in 1939. Regency transistor radio of 1954, from Smithsonian Information Age exhibit The Regency may have been first, but it failed to earn a profit and disappeared after a few years. Its importance was that it was a showcase for a new technology. Other U.S. companies introduced dozens of transistor radio models and by 1959 almost half of the 10 million radios made and sold in the U.S. were the portable transistor type. Philco introduced the first transistor TV in January 1959 (Schiffer page 193). Tom Watson, Jr., at IBM gave Regency radios to his engineers and told them to put transistors in computers. Texas Instruments would earn millions in the 1960's supplying IBM with computer transistors. Sony was not first, but its transistor radio was the most successful. The TR-63 of1957 cracked open the U.S. market and launched the new industry of consumer microelectronics (Schiffer page 209). Using cheap labor, creative marketing and technological innovation, Sony would dominate the world consumer electronic market into the 1980's. Sony transistor radio of 1955 with green case, from Smithsonian Information Age exhibit My thanks to Don Adamson and Aldo Andreani for suggestions on the transistor radio. See also Transistor Radios from Bob Davidson. For additional references, see the Suggested Readings on the Recording Technology History page. - 1999 by Steven E. Schoen	The techie novels of Nevil Shute / Boing Boing Twitter / Facebook / RSS Last month I had a conversation with Dale Grover (co-founder of Maker Works in Ann Arbor, Michigan -- read his profile at Make ) about the late author Nevil Shute. Shute is best known for the novel On the Beach (about a dying Earth after a global nuclear war) but we discussed a lesser-known novel of Shute's called Trustee from the Toolroom , which I read five or six years ago and absolutely loved. Trustee from the Toolroom is a tremendously compelling and well-plotted adventure story from 1960 about a mild-mannered English columnist for a hobbyist magazine called Miniature Mechanic who is duty bound to recover a container of valuable jewels from his dead brother's wrecked yacht in the South Pacific. (Fun fact from Wikipedia : "Trustee from the Toolroom was voted #27 on the Modern Library Readers' list of the top 100 novels . The top ten in that poll, though, included four works by Ayn Rand and three by L. Ron Hubbard -- according to David Ebershoff, Modern Library's publishing director, 'the voting population [was] skewed.'") During our chat, Dale told me he's read a bunch of Shute's other books, and he was kind enough to email me the next day with mini-reviews of them. I asked Dale if I could run his email on Boing Boing and he said OK. Here's what he wrote: You have started with what I think is Nevil Shute's best book, but there are some really, really good ones: A Town Like Alice No engineering, but a wonderful story about an English woman caught up in the Japanese invasion in Malaysia, then her transformation of a village and town later. It was made into a really well done mini series. (And a so-so version later on. Go for the long one, 6 hours but worth it.) Slide Rule Shute's autobiography. You knew he started out in aviation engineering? One of his first jobs was helping to design one of a pair of airships for the British government. (He went on to found an aviation company, and later in life he had a home machine shop and made model engines.) No Highway Another engineering one. A "boffin" (nerd) in aviation R&D has to act in the real world on his scientific beliefs. Was made into a great movie (was available on YouTube in its entirety at one point, but I don't see it now), and soon after a great radio drama (should be available online), both starring Marlene Dietrich and Jimmie Stewart. All are highly recommended! The Far Country A sweet story (Shute had a romantic side), plus Shute was not happy about what was happening politically in England, and saw Australia (where he eventually moved) as offering the opportunities no longer possible in England. Round the Bend Aviation mechanic starts a religion -- Engine maintenance as soulcraft. Set in the mideast post WWII. The Chequerboard , Pastoral , Landfall , In the Wet -- all worth reading. And On the Beach is possibly his most well-known book for the powerful image of the results of a world-wide nuclear war. (It was made into a major movie, but I have not seen it.) It is not an upbeat story, though. Movie has some differences from the book that Shute did not like. Shute's well-known trip to Australia by small plane is captured in Flight of Fancy by James Riddell. Bali is where Riddell lost his heart. There's some advantage in reading it after reading some of the books that came out of this flight -- A Town Like Alice, Round the Bend, The Chequerboard, In the Wet. (Aha -- that's where that scene came from.) It's on the outside looking in on Shute. Widely available used for about $15. Be sure to poke around on the website for the Nevil Shute Norway Foundation . They do loan out books and movies (I donated my copy of the mini-series of A Town Like Alice). And every few years they have an international gathering. Next one is in NZ, I think.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,333	In which country were the first Olympic Games held in the Southern Hemisphere?	Why Winter Olympics Bypass the Southern Hemisphere Why Winter Olympics Bypass the Southern Hemisphere By Laura Poppick, Live Science Contributor \| February 5, 2014 04:54pm ET MORE The Northern Hemisphere has considerably more landmass, and more people, than the Southern Hemisphere does. Credit: NASA Earth Observatory/NOAA NGDC Of the 22 Winter Olympics that have been held since 1924, none have been hosted in the Southern Hemisphere. Nearly the same is true of the Summer Olympics — only two games have been held down south, both in Australia (1956 and 2000), though the 2016 games are scheduled for Brazil, in Rio de Janeiro. A number of factors play into the Northern Hemisphere's grip on the games, including various political and socio-economic reasons: Lots of financial resources go into planning and holding the games, and many of the world's wealthiest nations are located in the Northern Hemisphere. This year's Sochi Games are expected to cost Russia more than $50 billion — a bill that not many countries would be able or willing to foot. But in the case of the Winter Olympics , geology and climate also play major roles in the northern monopoly. [ Images: World's Snow Cover Seen from Space ] "To have a Winter Olympics, you need a place with snow," Richard Seager, a geologist at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University in New York, told Live Science. "In the Southern Hemisphere, that would pretty much limit you to the Andes." That is, of course, excluding Antarctica , which receives plenty of snow, but has too extreme an environment to hold the Olympics. Chart shows average high and low temperatures of Olympics sites since 1924. Credit: by Ross Toro, Infographics Artist The Northern Hemisphere has greater snow accumulation rates than the Southern Hemisphere because more landmasses in the Northern Hemisphere are located at high latitudes, and therefore receive less direct sunlight in the winter and become colder — and more snow-prone — than landmasses in the Southern Hemisphere. Land in the Southern Hemisphere is concentrated closer to the equator, where more direct sunlight increases heat and lowers the chances of snow accumulation. Still, other Southern Hemisphere locations get a fair amount of snow, including parts of southern Australia and New Zealand. But Australian snowfall is not consistent enough for the games, and New Zealand is a small country that is relatively isolated and difficult to get to — though it could feasibly be a good candidate in the future, Seager said. In addition to its high latitudes, land in the Northern Hemisphere is also simply more abundant than land in the Southern Hemisphere, which affects regional and global climate patterns in a way that can slightly favor snowfall in the north. "Northern Hemisphere winters do tend to be cold and snowy since the large landmasses — away from the moderating influences of the ocean — tend to get very cold," Seager said. Snowfall requires both cold air and moisture, Seager pointed out. "The large ocean areas in the Southern Hemisphere prevent winter from getting too cold, except in Antarctica. Hence, the snow falls in high and cold places — the Andes and the New Zealand Alps — where there is also abundant moisture supply from the ocean." Seager listed Chile and New Zealand as the two most feasible candidates to host the Winter Olympics in the future. Follow Laura Poppick on Twitter . Follow us @livescience , Facebook & Google+ . Original article on Live Science . Editor's Recommendations	Olympic Games Summer and Winter Locations and History of the Games Olympic games summer and winter locations and history of the games Olympic games summer and winter locations and history of the games Olympic History The Olympic Games took their name from the Greek city of Olympia and though there were important athletic competitions held in other Greek cities in ancient times, the Olympic Games were regarded as the most prestigious. The games were held every four years during August and September and the word "Olympiad", which referred to the four year intervals between competitions, was commonly used to measure time. The first documented Olympic champion was a man named Coroebus, a cook from Elis who won the sprint race in 776 BC. Historians believe that the games had already existed for at least 500 years prior to that date. The Olympic Games originally featured only one event: a race called the "stade", equal to a distance of about 210 yards. By 728 BC two additional races had been added, comparable to the 400 meter and 1,500 meter races of the modern games. The Olympics came to include wrestling, boxing and the pentathlon, as well as specialized events for soldiers and heralds. It was only in 472 BC that the events were spread out over a period of four to five days, previously they had all taken place on a single day. Participation in the Olympic Games was originally limited to free born Greeks, but as Greek civilization was spread by the conquests of Alexander the Great, the Games drew entrants from as far away as Antioch, Sidon and Alexandria. While the only official prize was a wreath or garland, successful athletes were supported by the governments of their cities and devoted much time to training. Most of the competitors were, in fact, professionals. After the Roman conquest of Greece in the second century BC, the Olympic Games suffered a decline in popularity and importance, but the Games persisted until AD 393, when the Roman emperor Theodosius I ordered their abolition. The idea of reviving the Olympic Games originated with Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a 29 year old French aristocrat who first publicly raised the issue in 1892. At a conference on international sport held in Paris in 1894, Coubertin managed to convince delegates from 49 organizations representing nine countries to vote in favor of an Olympic revival. His chief allies in this effort were Dimitrios Vikelas of Greece and Professor William M. Sloane of the United States. The organizers had planned the first modern Olympics for 1900 in Paris, but later decided to move the date forward to 1896 and to change the venue to Athens, though the local government of the Greek capital was initially hostile to the idea. Coubertin and his colleagues of the newly formed International Olympic Committee eventually prevailed, and the first Olympic Games of the modern era were inaugurated by the King of Greece in the first week of April 1896. The Games of 1896, 1900 and 1904 were loosely organized and did not feature national teams produced by rigorous selection. The 1908 Games, held in London in a newly built 66,000 seat stadium, were the first where the events were organized by the relevant authorities in each athletic discipline. More than 2,000 athletes from 22 nations competed in 100 events. The 1912 Olympic Games in Stockholm drew more then 2,500 competitors from 28countries and featured the first women's swimming events. No Games were held in 1916 due to World War I, but the Games enjoyed strong growth after the war, with 44 nations participating in the 1924 Olympics in Paris. At the1928 Games in Amsterdam there were more than 290 women among the 3,000athletes, more than double the number that took part in 1924. The Olympic Games were suspended again for 12 years because of World War II, resuming in 1948 in London. The post-war era saw steady growth in the number of countries and athletes competing and a dramatic increase in women's events. Politics began to intrude on the Games in a serious way at the 1972 Olympics in Munich, where Palestinian terrorists att	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,334	Which French Revolutionary leader was assassinated whilst taking a bath in 1793?	French Revolution - 2 \| Britannica.com French Revolution the revolutionary movement that shook France between 1787 and 1799 and reached its first climax there in 1789. Displaying 1 - 100 of 123 results ancien régime (French: “old order”) Political and social system of France prior to the French Revolution. Under the regime, everyone was a subject of the king of France as well as a member of an estate and province. All rights and status flowed from the social institutions,... aristocracy government by a relatively small privileged class or by a minority consisting of those felt to be best qualified to rule. As conceived by the Greek philosophers Plato (c. 428/427–348/347 bce) and Aristotle (384–322 bce), aristocracy means the rule of... Aulard, François-Alphonse one of the leading historians of the French Revolution, noted for the application of the rules of historical criticism to the revolutionary period. His writings dispelled many of the myths surrounding the Revolution. Aulard obtained his doctorate in... Babeuf, François-Noël early political journalist and agitator in Revolutionary France whose tactical strategies provided a model for left-wing movements of the 19th century and who was called Gracchus for the resemblance of his proposed agrarian reforms to those of the 2nd-century-... Barère, Bertrand a leading member of the Committee of Public Safety that ruled Revolutionary France during the period of the Jacobin dictatorship (1793–94); his stringent policies against those suspected of royalist tendencies made him one of the most feared revolutionaries.... Barnave, Antoine prominent political figure of the early French Revolutionary period whose oratorical skill and political incisiveness made him one of the most highly respected members of the National Assembly. Of an upper-bourgeois Protestant family, Barnave was privately... Barras, Paul-François-Jean-Nicolas, vicomte de one of the most powerful members of the Directory during the French Revolution. A Provençal nobleman, Barras volunteered as gentleman cadet in the regiment of Languedoc at the age of 16 and from 1776 to 1783 served in India. A period of unemployment... Bastille medieval fortress on the east side of Paris that became, in the 17th and 18th centuries, a French state prison and a place of detention for important persons charged with various offenses. The Bastille, stormed by an armed mob of Parisians in the opening... Batz, Jean, baron de royalist conspirator during the French Revolution. Born of a noble family in Gascony, Batz entered the army at the age of 14, rising to the rank of colonel by 1787. During Louis XVI’s reign he busied himself with financial transactions and made a fortune.... Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, prince de Wagram French soldier and the first of Napoleon’s marshals. Though Berthier was not a distinguished commander, Napoleon esteemed him highly as chief of staff of the Grande Armée from 1805. Responsible for the operation of Napoleon’s armies, he was called by... Billaud-Varenne, Jean-Nicolas lawyer and pamphleteer, a member of the Committee of Public Safety that ruled Revolutionary France during the period of the Jacobin dictatorship (1793–94). Billaud-Varenne was the son of a lawyer of La Rochelle. After studying at the Universities of... bourgeoisie the social order that is dominated by the so-called middle class. In social and political theory, the notion of the bourgeoisie was largely a construct of Karl Marx (1818–83) and of those who were influenced by him. In popular speech, the term connotes... Brissot, Jacques-Pierre a leader of the Girondins (often called Brissotins), a moderate bourgeois faction that opposed the radical-democratic Jacobins during the French Revolution. The son of an eating-house keeper, Brissot began to work as a clerk in lawyers’ offices, first... Brumaire, Coup of 18–19 (November 9–10, 1799), coup d’état that overthrew the system of government under the Directory in France and substituted the Consulate, making way for the despotism of Napoleon Bonaparte. The event is often viewed as the effective	William Turner Biography Self Portrait c. 1799 Turner was born in Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, London, England. His father, William Gay Turner (27 January 1738 – 7 August 1829), was a barber and wig maker. His mother, Mary Marshall, became increasingly mentally unstable, perhaps, in part, due to the early death of Turner's younger sister, Helen Turner, in 1786. She died in 1804, after having been committed to a mental asylum in 1799. Possibly due to the load placed on the family by these problems, the young Turner was sent to stay with his uncle on his mother's side in Brentford in 1785, which was then a small town west of London on the banks of the River Thames. It was here that he first expressed an interest in painting. A year later he went to school in Margate on the north-east Kent coast. By this time he had created many drawings, which his father exhibited in his shop window. He entered the Royal Academy of Art schools in 1789, when he was only 14 years old, and was accepted into the academy a year later. Sir Joshua Reynolds, president of the Royal Academy at the time, chaired the panel that admitted him. At first Turner showed a keen interest in architecture but was advised to keep to painting by the architect Thomas Hardwick (junior). A watercolour of Turner's was accepted for the Summer Exhibition of 1790 after only one year's study. He exhibited his first oil painting in 1796, Fishermen at Sea, and thereafter exhibited at the academy nearly every year for the rest of his life. her Last Berth to be broken up 1838 39 Although renowned for his oils, Turner is also one of the greatest masters of British watercolour landscape painting. He is commonly known as "the painter of light". One of his most famous oil paintings is The fighting Temeraire tugged to her last berth to be broken up, painted in 1838, which hangs in the National Gallery, London. Turner travelled widely in Europe, starting with France and Switzerland in 1802 and studying in the Louvre in Paris in the same year. He also made many visits to Venice. On a visit to Lyme Regis, in Dorset, England, he painted a stormy scene (now in the Cincinnati Art Museum). Important support for his works also came from Walter Ramsden Fawkes, of Farnley Hall, near Otley in Yorkshire, who became a close friend of the artist. Turner first visited Otley in 1797, aged 22, when commissioned to paint watercolours of the area. He was so attracted to Otley and the surrounding area that he returned time and time again. The stormy backdrop of Hannibal Crossing The Alps is reputed to have been inspired by a storm over Otley's Chevin while Turner was staying at Farnley Hall. Turner was also a frequent guest of George O'Brien Wyndham, 3rd Earl of Egremont at Petworth House in West Sussex and painted scenes from the grounds of the house and of the Sussex countryside, including a view of the Chichester Canal that Egremont funded. Petworth House still displays a number of paintings. Thunder Storm Approaching As he grew older, Turner became more eccentric. He had few close friends except for his father, who lived with him for thirty years, eventually working as his studio assistant. His father's death in 1829 had a profound effect on him, and thereafter he was subject to bouts of depression. He never married, although he had two daughters by Sarah Danby, one born in 1801, the other in 1811. He died in the house of his mistress Sophia Caroline Booth in Cheyne Walk, Chelsea on 19 December 1851. He is said to have uttered the last words "The sun is God" before expiring. At his request he was buried in St Paul's Cathedral, where he lies next to Sir Joshua Reynolds. His last exhibition at the Royal Academy was in 1850. The architect Philip Hardwick (1792–1870) who was a friend of Turner's and also the son of the artist's tutor, Thomas Hardwick, was one in charge of his funeral arrangements and wrote to those who knew Turner to tell them at the time of his death that "I must inform you, we have lost him". Style Burning of the Houses of Parliament Turner's talent was recognised early in his life	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,335	Which poet and author served in Oliver Cromwell's Government for Foreign tongues?	Cromwell Through the Media of His Day \| Novelguide Home › History › Cromwell Through the Media of His Day Cromwell Through the Media of His Day The years between 1640 and 1660 witnessed in England a greater outpouring of printed material than the country had seen since the first printing press had begun operating in the 1470s.1 The breakdown of government and Church censorship in the early 1640s was almost total until the mid-1650s when Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector reimposed some controls. Not until the return of the Stuarts and their royal censors did the flow of pamphlets cease. This tumultuous period of English history therefore became a crowded arena for free expression of radical religious, social, and political ideas. This fact, coupled with the euphoria surrounding the victories of the New Model Army, the uninhibited exchange of ideas, and the general millennial atmosphere, especially following Charles Is execution, led many Englishman to see their nation as the emerging leader of the Protestant world. A recurring theme among these pamphlets, sermons, and broadsides was the idea that Oliver Cromwell was the man to lead England into this new age. Like the second coming of the Swedish soldier-king Gustavus Adolphus, Cromwell would champion the Protestant cause wherever it was in need. As a Civil War hero, conqueror of the Irish and Scots, and later as Lord Protector, the devoutly religious Cromwell certainly had the background to fit the role. Yet in practical terms, England of the 1640s and 1650s was not the military juggernaut that many writers pictured it to be. The nation was not capable of wiping out the Turkish menace, unseating the Pope, and defending persecuted Protestants on the Continent all in one fell swoop. Thefinancial difficulties of the Stuarts did not disappear with the execution of Charles, and though the navy was strong, it was not logistically feasible for the army to get involved in a large Continental war. Despite this, even Cromwell himself had some occasional delusions of religious and military grandeur. A well known quote has him saying that, were he ten years younger, "there was not a king in Europe I would not make to tremble."2 In moments of religious fervor Cromwell might have seen himself and England in a millenial light, yet he was first and foremost a pragmatic politician. His genuine belief in the need to aid and protect his co-religionists took a secondary position to the day-to-day realities of English society and politics. His alliance with the Catholic French against the Spanish and his acquiescence to the war agaist the Protestant Dutch provide ample evidence of his heeding realpolitik considerations over any Pan-Protestant ideology. Why then was Cromwell cast by the pamphleteers as a Protestant champion? The answer lies in the fact that the world view of the average Englishman was limited to either what he read or what was read to him, either at informal gatherings or in church. Thus, the power of the printed word is hard to exaggerate in this time of upheaval and millennial anticipation. How and why Oliver Cromwell was cast in the role of English savior is directly related to the outlook of his contemporaries as shaped by the literature of the era. After distinguished service in the early years of the Civil War, Cromwell was firmly thrust into the limelight following his participation in the Battle of Naseby on 14 June 1645, the conflicts decisive engagement. Having only recently rejoined the army following his exemption from the Self Denying Ordinance, he was to play a major role in this Parliamentary victory. Despite an overwhelming numerical advantage (14,000 vs. 7,500), the Parliamentary forces were on the verge of collapse following a Royalist charge against one end of their line. Cromwell, however, led the better disciplined Parliamentary horse on a charge against the opposite flank and succeeded in getting behind the Royalist infantry and thus swinging the victory toward Parliament. Though the King held out for another year, Naseby effectively crushed the	Claret is the liquor for boys; port for men; but he who aspires to be a hero must drink brandy. Died: December 13, 1784 (aged 75) Nationality: English Occupation: Author, essayist, lexicographer, biographer, poet Bio: Samuel Johnson, often referred to as Dr Johnson, was an English author who made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. Johnson was a devout Anglican and committed Tory, and has been described as arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,336	The Richter scale measures the intensity of what?	Magnitude / Intensity Comparison Jump to Navigation Magnitude / Intensity Comparison Magnitude and Intensity measure different characteristics of earthquakes. Magnitude measures the energy released at the source of the earthquake. Magnitude is determined from measurements on seismographs. Intensity measures the strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain location. Intensity is determined from effects on people, human structures, and the natural environment. Magnitude / Intensity Comparison The following table gives intensities that are typically observed at locations near the epicenter of earthquakes of different magnitudes. Magnitude Abbreviated Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale I. Not felt except by a very few under especially favorable conditions. II. Felt only by a few persons at rest, especially on upper floors of buildings. III. Felt quite noticeably by persons indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings. Many people do not recognize it as an earthquake. Standing motor cars may rock slightly. Vibrations similar to the passing of a truck. Duration estimated. IV. Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few during the day. At night, some awakened. Dishes, windows, doors disturbed; walls make cracking sound. Sensation like heavy truck striking building. Standing motor cars rocked noticeably. V. Felt by nearly everyone; many awakened. Some dishes, windows broken. Unstable objects overturned. Pendulum clocks may stop. VI. Felt by all, many frightened. Some heavy furniture moved; a few instances of fallen plaster. Damage slight. VII. Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction; slight to moderate in well-built ordinary structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some chimneys broken. VIII. Damage slight in specially designed structures; considerable damage in ordinary substantial buildings with partial collapse. Damage great in poorly built structures. Fall of chimneys, factory stacks, columns, monuments, walls. Heavy furniture overturned. IX. Damage considerable in specially designed structures; well-designed frame structures thrown out of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations. X. Some well-built wooden structures destroyed; most masonry and frame structures destroyed with foundations. Rails bent. XI. Few, if any (masonry) structures remain standing. Bridges destroyed. Rails bent greatly. XII. Damage total. Lines of sight and level are distorted. Objects thrown into the air. From The Severity of an Earthquake.	Meteorology \| Scholastic Meteorology Grades 6–8, 9–12 Meteorology is the study of the Earth's atmosphere and the variations in temperature and moisture patterns that produce different weather conditions. Some of the major subjects of study are such phenomena as precipitation (rain and snow), thunderstorms, tornadoes, and hurricanes and typhoons. The importance of meteorological events is felt in various ways. For example, a drought results in water shortages, crop damage, low river flow rates, and increased wildfire potential. In addition, these effects may lead to restricted river travel, saltwater infiltration in aquifers and coastal bays, stress on various plant and animal species, population shifts, economic hardship, and even political unrest. The critical impact of weather on human activity has led to the development of the uncertain science of weather forecasting. The word meteorology derives from the Greek word meteoron, which refers to any phenomenon in the sky. Aristotle's Meteorologica (340 B.C.) concerned all phenomena above the ground. Astronomy, including the study of meteors, or "shooting stars," later became a separate discipline. The science of meteorology was restricted eventually to the study of the atmosphere. Various weather phenomena are still referred to as "meteors," such as hydrometeors (liquid or frozen water — rain, snow and snowflakes, clouds, fog), lithometeors (dry particles — sand, dust, or smoke), photometeors (optical phenomena — halos, mirages, rainbows, coronas), and electrometeors (electrical phenomena — lightning, Saint Elmo's fire). Modern meteorology focuses primarily on the typical weather patterns observed, including thunderstorms, extratropical cyclones, fronts, hurricanes, typhoons, and various tropical water waves. Meteorology is usually considered to describe and study the physical basis for individual events. In contrast, climatology describes and studies the origin of atmospheric patterns observed over time. Several important phenomena, such as monsoons and the El NiÃ±o–Southern Oscillation, are considered in both meteorology and climatology because they exhibit large changes on seasonal time scales. Scope The effort to understand the atmosphere and its processes draws on many fields of science and engineering. The study of atmospheric motions is called dynamic meteorology. It makes use of equations describing the behavior of a compressible fluid (air) on a rotating sphere (the Earth). One important complication in this study is the fact that the water in the atmosphere changes back and forth between solid, liquid, and gas in a very complex fashion. These changes greatly modify the equations used in dynamic meteorology. Physical meteorology, or atmospheric physics, deals with a number of specialized areas of study. For example, the study of clouds and of the various forms of hydrometeors involves investigations into the behavior of water in the atmosphere. The study of radiative transfer is concerned with the fundamental source of energy that drives atmospheric processes, namely solar radiation, and the ways in which radiant energy in general is employed and dissipated in the atmosphere. Other specialized disciplines deal with phenomena involving light (atmospheric optics) and sound (atmospheric acoustics). Some branches of meteorology are defined in terms of the size of the phenomena being studied. For example, micrometeorology is mainly the study of the small-scale interactions between the lowest level of the atmosphere and the surfaces with which it comes into contact. Mesoscale meteorology deals with phenomena of intermediate size — thunderstorms and mountain winds, for example. Synoptic meteorology is concerned with larger processes such as high- and low-pressure systems and their fronts, and so on up to the study of overall atmospheric circulation for time scales of a few days. Weather forecasting, the predictive aspect of meteorology, derives from these disciplines. Other branches of meteorology focus on phenomena in specific locations, such as equatorial areas, t	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,337	In what year was Concorde's last commercial flight?	The Concorde makes its final flight - Oct 24, 2003 - HISTORY.com The Concorde makes its final flight Share this: The Concorde makes its final flight Author The Concorde makes its final flight URL Publisher A+E Networks The supersonic Concorde jet makes its last commercial passenger flight, traveling at twice the speed of sound from New York City’s John F. Kennedy International Airport to London’s Heathrow Airport on this day in 2003. The British Airways jet carried 100 passengers, including actress Joan Collins, model Christie Brinkley, and an Ohio couple who reportedly paid $60,000 on eBay for two tickets (a roundtrip trans-Atlantic fare typically cost about $9,000). A large crowd of spectators greeted the plane’s arrival in London, which coincided with two other final Concorde flights from Edinburgh and the Bay of Biscay. The Concorde, which was developed jointly by the British and French governments, began commercial service in January 1976. A significant achievement in aviation technology and design, the sleek, delta-winged planes could make the trip from New York to London in around three and a half hours, traveling at 1,350 miles per hour. The Concorde became a symbol of speed and luxury, although it was not without its problems. Some who lived under its flight path criticized the enormous noise it produced. And, tragically, on July 25, 2000, an Air France jet crashed after takeoff from Paris and 113 people died. All Concorde flights were grounded for over a year after the incident. Citing rising operating costs and reduced ticket sales, British Airways retired its Concorde fleet in October 2003. Air France, the only other Concorde carrier, had permanently grounded its jets in May 2003. However, the allure of the Concorde was so powerful that when the airlines auctioned off spare parts from their fleets shortly after their retirement, many items sold for significantly more than their suggested price. For example, a blanket valued at $100 sold for $2,000, a door sold for $33,000, and a needle nose sold for $550,000. Related Videos	Ilyushin Il-96 - Aerospace Technology Il-96 was formerly used by Vladimir Putin and currently being used by President of Russia Dmitri Medvedev. Ilyushin Il-96, Russia The Ilyushin Il-96 is a Russian long-haul wide-body aircraft that is powered by four engines. Designed by Russian aircraft designer Sergey V Ilyushin, the aircraft is manufactured by Voronezh Aircraft Production Association. Ilyushin Il-96 can be used as a passenger or cargo aircraft, and can accommodate between 235 and 436 passengers. The aircraft features a new type of wing layout and the fuselage of the aircraft is approximately 4m shorter than its predecessor, the Il-86 aircraft. The maiden flight of the Il-96 aircraft was on 28 September 1988. It was certified in 1992 and the first Ilyushin Il-96 entered service in July 1993 with Aeroflot Russian International Airlines. The lifetime of the aircraft is 20 years or 20,000 landings or 60,000 flying hours. Il-96 was formerly used by Vladimir Putin and currently being used by Russian President Dmitri Medvedev. Ilyushin Il-96 orders and deliveries "The Ilyushin Il-96 is a Russian long-haul wide-body aircraft that is powered by four engines." As of June 2009, a total of 21 Ilyushin Il-96 airliners were in service with 12 more in order. Airlines that are using the aircraft are Rossiya (four in service, one on order), Ilyushin Design Bureau (one in service), KrasAir (two in service), Iran Air (six on order), Atlant-Soyuz Airlines (two on order), Aeroflot (six in service), Cubana (three in service, one on order), Clean Air (two on order), Polet (two in service, one on order), Conviasa (two on order) and another Russian airline (five in service). Il-96 variants The major variants of the Ilyushin Il-96 airplane include Il-96-300, Il-96M/T and Il-96-400. The Il-96-300, Il-96M, Il-96-400 and Il-96-400M are passenger aircraft, while the Il-96T and Il-96-400T are cargo aircraft. The launch of Il-96-300 was on 1985 and it entered into service in 1993. Il-96M was launched in 1993 and put into service in 2000. The Il-96-300 can accommodate 262 passengers, three crew and 12 flight attendants. On 11 August 2009, Russian Minister of Industry and Trade Viktor Khristenko announced that the Russain Aviation Industry would stop manufacturing Il-96-300. Il-96M is a passenger aircraft that does not require a flight engineer. It is designed to be operatedby a crew of two. The Il-96-400 is modelled on the Il-96M/T fuselage with a range of 10,000km and a passenger capacity of 436. A two-class configuration can accommodate 386 passengers and a three-class configuration the aircraft has space for 315 passengers. The Il-96-400T is a high payload, cargo aircraft, stretched by 9.35m companred with the Il-96-300 with the capacity of the cargo compartment being 776m³ and a maximum cargo weight of 92t. Another variant of the Il-96 aircraft, the Il-96-400M, is a passenger airplane. A future airplane development project Il-96MK is currently under study. Ducted engines in the 175kN to 195kN (38,000lb to 43,000lb) thrust class could power this future airplane. Design and features The Il-96 design is a modification of the previous Il-86 with advancement in features such as the introduction of new turbofan engines, and increased take-off weight, wingspan and fuel capacity among other developments. The Ilyushin Il-96 wings are supercritical and equipped with winglets. The aircraft incorporates a triplex fly-by-wire control system – an advanced flight control system consisting of redundant computers. Ilyushin Il-96 features a flight management system (FMS), an inertial and satellite navigation system and collision air avoidance system (CAS) containing mode S transponders. "The Ilyushin Il-96 entered service in July 1993 with Aeroflot Russian International Airlines." LCDs on the airplane depict onboard operations information, and details piloting and navigation systems. A computer-aided control supported by the electrical-hydraulic system with a back up artificial mechanical channel insures the airplane. Passenger airliner Il-96M and freighter Il-9	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,338	Lynn Reid Banks debut novel was entitled ‘The…’what’-Shaped Room’?	Uncategorized \| i love english literature \| Page 2 i love english literature October 3, 2011 Leave a comment Orphan Pip’s rise through society thanks to his mysterious benefactor wins poll by comfortable margin Jean Simmons, Martita Hunt and Anthony Wager in David Lean’s 1946 film of Great Expectations. Photograph: Sportsphoto Ltd/Allstar The author himself might have preferred David Copperfield, but Guardian readers have voted for Great Expectations as their favourite Charles Dickens novel. Pip’s adventures won 24.9% of the reader poll , well ahead of the second-placed Bleak House with 16.9%. David Copperfield, which Dickens called his “favourite child”, was third with 9.2% of the vote. From its famous opening in the graveyard, when the orphan Pip first encounters the shackled convict Magwitch, “a fearful man, all in coarse gray, with a great iron on his leg”, through his meetings with the bitter Miss Havisham and the cold Estella, and his rise through society thanks to a mysterious benefactor, Great Expectations is, said voter gavinscottw, “not only – as others have observed – formally the most ingenious of the novels – but perhaps Dickens’s most morally angry work”. Others were less impressed by the novel, and put its popularity down to the fact that “people are made to read it in school, so it’s the only one they’ve read”, said VaneWimsey, an Our Mutual Friend supporter. “It’s sooo thin and long-drawn-out. And Estella is just plain nasty. Don’t know what Pip sees in her. First crush, maybe … great love of anyone’s life, no way.” Great Expectations’ place on school reading lists can’t be the only reason for its triumph, however, with the school perennial Oliver Twist only picking up 4.6% of the readers’ votes. Pip’s place in readers’ affections was also attributed to the wealth of film and television adaptations which have been made of the novel over the years. A new version from BBC One starring David Suchet as Jaggers, Ray Winstone as Magwitch and Gillian Anderson as Miss Havisham is out for Christmas, and a new film adapted by One Day novelist David Nicholls starring Helena Bonham Carter as Miss Havisham and Ralph Fiennes as Magwitch is due to start shooting shortly. “I suspect that’s one reason why Great Expectations is such a popular novel. Readers grow up with it,” wrote Robert Douglas-Fairhurst in the Guardian . “It’s probably also why so many of them sympathise with Pip, whose narrative voice involves the perspective of a wide-eyed child coming up against that of his wiser, sadder adult self. Anyone who first reads the story as a child and returns to it in later years is likely to feel a similar mixture of nostalgia and relief. But it isn’t only individual readers who have grown up with Great Expectations. Our culture has too. Dickens once claimed that David Copperfield was his ‘favourite child’ and that Great Expectations was a close second. It’s no coincidence that both novels are about how easily children can be warped or damaged, but of the two it is the shorter, sharper Great Expectations that has aged better.” Despite a glowing user review from Jane Smiley , which saw the Pulitzer prize-winning author call it “one of my two or three favourite novels of all time”, praising its “magical” prose and “perfect blending of story and style”, Our Mutual Friend only picked up 6.5% of readers’ votes. “Where’s the love for Our Mutual Friend?” asked voter VaneWimsey, describing the author’s final complete novel as “the great masterwork of Dickens’s maturity”. The least popular Dickens novel was, unsurprisingly, his unfinished final work The Mystery of Edwin Drood, with 0.8% of the vote, narrowly behind Martin Chuzzlewit (1%), The Old Curiosity Shop (1.2%) and Nicholas Nickleby (1.8%). Your favourite Dickens novels: the result in full A Christmas Carol 7.4% A Tale of Two Cities 8.7% Barnaby Rudge 4.6% The Mystery of Edwin Drood 0.8% The Old Curiosity Shop 1.2% September 25, 2011 Leave a comment Charles Dickens, in contemplative pose. Which is your favourite Dickens? Photograph: Hulton Archive We’re on the hu	SparkNotes: The Bell Jar: Context The Bell Jar Table of Contents Plot Overview The Bell Jar is an autobiographical novel that conforms closely to the events of the author’s life. Sylvia Plath was born to Otto and Aurelia Plath in 1932 and spent her early childhood in the seaport town of Winthrop, Massachusetts. Otto Plath died when Plath was eight years old, and she moved with her mother, younger brother, and maternal grandparents to Wellesley, an inland suburb of Boston. Plath excelled in school and developed a strong interest in writing and drawing. In 1950, she won a scholarship to attend Smith College, where she majored in English. The Bell Jar recounts, in slightly fictionalized form, the events of the summer and autumn after Plath’s junior year. Like Esther, the protagonist of The Bell Jar, Plath was invited to serve as guest editor for a woman’s magazine in New York. After returning to Wellesley for the remainder of the summer, she had a nervous breakdown and attempted suicide. Plath went on to complete a highly successful college career. She won the prestigious Fulbright scholarship to study at Cambridge University in England, where she met the English poet Ted Hughes. They married in 1956, and after a brief stint in the United States, where Plath taught at Smith, they moved back to England in 1959. Plath gave birth to her first child, Freda, the following year. The same year, she published The Colossus, her first volume of poetry. Her second child, Nicholas, was born in 1962. Hughes and Plath separated shortly afterward; her instability and his affair with another woman had placed great strain on their marriage. Plath and her children moved to a flat in London, where she continued to write poetry. The poems she wrote at this time were later published in a collection titled Ariel (1965). In February 1963, she gassed herself in her kitchen, ending her life at the age of thirty-one. Plath most likely wrote a first draft of The Bell Jar in the late 1950s. In 1961 she received a fellowship that allowed her to complete the novel. The Bell Jar was published in London in January 1963 under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas. Plath chose to publish the work under a pseudonym in order to protect the people she portrayed in the novel, and because she was uncertain of the novel’s literary merit. The novel appeared posthumously in England under her own name in 1966, and in America, over the objections of her mother, in 1971. The Bell Jar has received moderate critical acclaim, and has long been valued not only as a glimpse into the psyche of a major poet, but as a witty and harrowing American coming-of-age story. Plath is primarily known not as a novelist, but as an outstanding poet. Ariel cemented her reputation as a great artist. Her other volumes of poetry, published posthumously, include Crossing the Water (1971), Winter Trees (1971), and The Collected Poems (1981), which won the Pulitzer Prize. Sylvia Plath’s literary persona has always provoked extreme reactions. Onlookers tend to mythologize Plath either as a feminist martyr or a tragic heroine. The feminist martyr version of her life holds that Plath was driven over the edge by her misogynist husband, and sacrificed on the altar of pre-feminist, repressive 1950s America. The tragic heroine version of her life casts Plath as a talented but doomed young woman, unable to deal with the pressures of society because of her debilitating mental illness. Although neither myth presents a wholly accurate picture, truth exists in both. The Bell Jar does not label its protagonist’s life as either martyred or heroic. Plath does not attribute Esther’s instability to men, society, or Esther herself, although she does criticize all three. Rather, she blames mental illness, which she characterizes as a mysterious and horrific disease. More Help	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,339	Which former US chat show host starred in the 1998 film ‘Beloved’?	Famous Female Talk Show Hosts \| List of Top Female Talk Show Hosts Famous Female Talk Show Hosts 305k views 102 items tags f t p @ This list of famous female talk show hosts is ranked by their level of prominence, with photos when available. This greatest female talk show hosts list contains the most prominent and top women known for being talk show hosts. There many women talk show hosts on the air these days, but this list highlights only the most notable ones. Female TV hosts have worked hard to become the best that they can be, so if you're a girl aspiring to be a talk show host then the women talk show hosts below should give you inspiration. Oprah Winfrey broke ground as a black female talk show host, and there have been many Mexican, Canadian, and Spanish female TV show hosts that have made names for themselves as well. While this isn't a list of all female talk show hosts, it's a great starting point, with over 100 female TV talk show hosts to learn more about, all of whom have had hit shows. Who are the most famous female talk show hosts? Who are the best female talk show hosts? Take a look at the talk show hostess list below and find out! List Photo: Ellen DeGeneres/ Facebook G Options B Comments & Embed 1	Calista Flockhart joins reunited Ally McBeal cast to be honored at Hollywood's TV Land Awards \| Daily Mail Online comments It's been more than 12 years since Ally, Fish and The Biscuit became household names thanks to the innovative Ally McBeal series, but on Saturday night the show's cast reunited briefly at the TV Land Awards. Calista Flockhart, who starred in the title role in the David E. Kelley legal comedy-drama, joined her former on-screen colleagues to accept The Groundbreakng Award at the ceremony in Beverly Hills. After watching a montage of clips from the series that ran from 1997 to 2002, the actress, 50, told the audience: 'What I remember the most are the friendships, truly.' Back with The Biscuit: Ally McBeal star Calista Flockhart joined Peter MacNicol, who played John Cage on the Fox series, on stage at the TV Land Awards on Saturday to accept The Groundbreaking Award for the show Household name: Calista became a household name after writer and producer David E. Kelley, pictured left, cast her in the title role of the hugely successful legal comedy-drama The focus of the series was on the personal and romantic lives of the lawyers at the firm of Cage and Fish in Boston, but the show was also famous for its surreal themes and offbeat running gags. On her first day with the firm, young lawyer Ally learns she is going to have to work alongside her ex-boyfriend Billy Thomas whom she still has a thing for and who is now married to another lawyer Georgia, played by Courtney Thorne-Smith. The series, which earned a slew of awards during its run, also helped launch the careers of Flockhart, Jane Krakowski, Lucy Liu, Portia de Rossi and Gil Bellows. Back together: Ally McBeal ran from 1997 to 2002 and picked up a slew of awards. Also on stage Saturday were Greg Germann, who played Fish. Gil Bellows who was Billy and Lisa Nicole Carson who played Renee Big smiles! Courtney Thorne-Smith, who played the new wife of Ally's ex Billy, found time to catch up with Calista during the awards ceremony Scroll down for video Night out: Calista stepped out to attend the 2015 TV Land Awards at Saban Theatre in Beverly Hills on Saturday The evening event held at the Saban Theatre in Beverly Hills was the first time Flockhart had stepped out to attend a Hollywood event since husband Harrison Ford was badly injured in a solo plane crash in Santa Monica on March 5. With the Star Wars star at home recovering from his injuries, the 50-year-old actress appeared relaxed as she posed for pictures in a simple, yet elegant LBD that featured a figure-forming bodice and ruffled A-line bottom. Also together for the awards show was the cast of Parenthood including Craig T. Nelson, Erika Christensen, Peter Krause and Lauren Graham, and the cast of The Wonder Years including Danica Keller. Other attendees included Frasier actress Jane Leeves, Mad Men star Linda Cardellini, singer Paula Abdul and Cougar Town actress Busy Philipps. All together now: Joining her for the evening was the cast of Parenthood including Craig T. Nelson, Erika Christensen, Peter Krause and Lauren Graham Looking good: Frasier actress Jane Leeves and Mad Men star Linda Cardellini also showed off their slim figures in very similar form-fitting low cut dresses Opposites attract! Singer Paula Abdul displayed her lean legs in a mini dress adorned with a pretty lace overlay, while Cougar Town actress Busy Philipps covered up in a floor-length black and white monochrome dress Siblings unite! Marie Osmond and Donny Osmond accepted the Pop Culture Award at the show on Saturday	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,340	What do the names Charles, Orville, Jean, Wilbur and Laika suggest?	Astrology: Orville Wright, date of birth: 1871/08/19, Horoscope, Astrological Portrait, Dominant Planets, Birth Data, Biography 1st Fire sign - 1st Cardinal sign (spring equinox) - Masculine In analogy with Mars, his ruler, and the 1st House Aries governs the head. His colour is red, his stone is the heliotrope, his day is Tuesday, and his professions are businessman, policeman, sportsman, surgeon... If your sign is Aries or your Ascendant is Aries: you are courageous, frank, enthusiastic, dynamic, fast, bold, expansive, warm, impulsive, adventurous, intrepid, warlike, competitive, but also naive, domineering, self-centred, impatient, rash, thoughtless, blundering, childish, quick-tempered, daring or primitive. Some traditional associations with Aries: Countries: England, France, Germany, Denmark. Cities: Marseille, Florence, Naples, Birmingham, Wroclaw, Leicester, Capua, Verona. Animals: Rams and sheeps. Food: Leeks, hops, onions, shallots, spices. Herbs and aromatics: mustard, capers, Cayenne pepper, chilli peppers. Flowers and plants: thistles, mint, bryonies, honeysuckles. Trees: hawthorns, thorny trees and bushes. Stones, Metals and Salts: diamonds, iron, potassium phosphate. Signs: Taurus 1st Earth sign - 1st Fixed sign - Feminine In analogy with Venus, his ruler, and the 2nd House Taurus governs the neck and the throat. Her colour is green or brown, her stone is the emerald, her day is Friday, her professions are cook, artist, estate agent, banker, singer... If your sign is Taurus or your Ascendant is Taurus: you are faithful, constant, sturdy, patient, tough, persevering, strong, focused, sensual, stable, concrete, realistic, steady, loyal, robust, constructive, tenacious. You need security, but you are also stubborn, rigid, possessive, spiteful, materialistic, fixed or slow. Some traditional associations with Taurus: Countries: Switzerland, Greek islands, Ireland, Cyprus, Iran. Cities: Dublin, Palermo, Parma, Luzern, Mantua, Leipzig, Saint Louis, Ischia, Capri. Animals: bovines. Food: apples, pears, berries, corn and other cereals, grapes, artichokes, asparagus, beans. Herbs and aromatics: sorrels, spearmint, cloves. Flowers and plants: poppies, roses, digitales, violets, primroses, aquilegia, daisies. Trees: apple trees, pear trees, fig-trees, cypresses, ash trees. Stones, Metals and Salts: copper, calcium and potassium sulphate, emeralds. Signs: Gemini 1st Air sign - 1st Mutable sign - Masculine In analogy with Mercury, his ruler, and the 3rd House Gemini governs the arms, the lungs and the thorax. His colour is green or silver, his stone is the crystal, his day is Wednesday, his professions are journalist, lawyer, presenter, dancer, salesman, travel agent, teacher... If your sign is Gemini or if your Ascendant is Gemini: you are expressive, lively, adaptable, quick-witted, humorous, sparkling, playful, sociable, clever, curious, whimsical, independent, polyvalent, brainy, flexible, ingenious, imaginative, charming, fanciful but also capricious, scattered, moody, shallow, inquisitive, opportunistic, unconcerned, selfish, fragile, ironical or changeable. Some traditional associations with Gemini: Countries: Belgium, Wales, United-States, Lower Egypt, Sardinia, Armenia. Cities: London, Plymouth, Cardiff, Melbourne, San Francisco, Nuremberg, Bruges, Versailles. Animals: monkeys, butterflies, parrots, budgerigars. Food: dried fruits, chestnuts, ground-level vegetables: peas, broad beans, etc. Herbs and aromatics: aniseed, marjoram, lemon balm, cumin. Flowers and plants: lilies of the valley, lavenders, myrtle, ferns, Venus-hair-ferns, bittersweets. Trees: nut trees such as chestnut trees. Stones, Metals and Salts: agates, mercury, silicas and potashes. Signs: Cancer 1st Water sign - 2nd Cardinal sign (summer solstice) - Feminine In analogy with the Moon, her ruler, and the 4th House Cancer governs the stomach and the breast. Her colour is white or black, her stone is the moonstone, her day is Monday, her professions are catering, the hotel trade, property, antique dealer, archaeologist... If your sign is Cancer	vienna.pdf \| Vienna \| Berlin vienna.pdf You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 4 to 35 are not shown in this preview. Sign up to vote on this title UsefulNot useful This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue? CANCEL We've moved you to where you read on your other device. Get the full title to continue Get the full title to continue reading from where you left off, or restart the preview. Restart preview	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,341	Where did Britain surrender to the USA in 1781?	Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown - Oct 19, 1781 - HISTORY.com Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 1781, British General Charles Cornwallis formally surrenders 8,000 British soldiers and seamen to a French and American force at Yorktown, Virginia, bringing the American Revolution to a close. Previously, Cornwallis had driven General George Washington’s Patriot forces out of New Jersey in 1776, and led his Recoats in victory over General Horatio Gates and the Patriots at Camden, South Carolina, in 1780. His subsequent invasion of North Carolina was less successful, however, and in April 1781, he led his weary and battered troops toward the Virginia coast, where he could maintain seaborne lines of communication with the large British army of General Henry Clinton in New York City. After conducting a series of raids against towns and plantations in Virginia, Cornwallis settled in Yorktown in August. The British immediately began fortifying the town and the adjacent promontory of Gloucester Point across the York River Washington instructed the Marquis de Lafayette, who was in Virginia with an American army of around 5,000 men, to block Cornwallis’ escape from Yorktown by land. In the meantime, Washington’s 2,500 troops in New York were joined by a French army of 4,000 men under the Count de Rochambeau. Washington and Rochambeau made plans to attack Cornwallis with the assistance of a large French fleet under the Count de Grasse, and on August 21 they crossed the Hudson River to march south to Yorktown. Covering 200 miles in 15 days, the allied force reached the head of Chesapeake Bay in early September. Meanwhile, a British fleet under Admiral Thomas Graves failed to break French naval superiority at the Battle of Virginia Capes on September 5, denying Cornwallis his expected reinforcements. Beginning September 14, de Grasse transported Washington and de Rochambeau’s men down the Chesapeake to Virginia, where they joined Lafayette and completed the encirclement of Yorktown on September 28. De Grasse landed another 3,000 French troops carried by his fleet. During the first two weeks of October, the 14,000 Franco-American troops gradually overcame the fortified British positions with the aid of de Grasse’s warships. A large British fleet carrying 7,000 men set out to rescue Cornwallis, but it was too late. On October 19, General Cornwallis surrendered 7,087 officers and men, 900 seamen, 144 cannons, 15 galleys, a frigate and 30 transport ships. Pleading illness, he did not attend the surrender ceremony, but his second-in-command, General Charles O’Hara, carried Cornwallis’ sword to the American and French commanders. As the British and Hessian troops marched out to surrender, the British band played the song “The World Turned Upside Down.” Although the war persisted on the high seas and in other theaters, the Patriot victory at Yorktown effectively ended fighting in the American colonies. Peace negotiations began in 1782, and on September 3, 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed, formally recognizing the United States as a free and independent nation after eight years of war. Related Videos	History for January 8 - On-This-Day.com Today's: 1642 - Astronomer Galileo Galilei died in Arcetri, Italy. 1675 - The first corporation was chartered in the United States . The company was the New York Fishing Company. 1790 - In the United States , George Washington delivered the first State of the Union address. 1815 - The Battle of New Orleans began. The War of 1812 had officially ended on December 24, 1814, with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent. The news of the signing had not reached British troops in time to prevent their attack on New Orleans. 1838 - Alfred Vail demonstrated a telegraph code he had devised using dots and dashes as letters. The code was the predecessor to Samuel Morse's code. 1853 - A bronze statue of Andrew Jackson on a horse was unveiled in Lafayette Park in Washington, DC . The statue was the work of Clark Mills. 1856 - Borax (hydrated sodium borate) was discovered by Dr. John Veatch. 1877 - Crazy Horse (Tashunca-uitco) and his warriors fought their final battle against the U.S. Cavalry in Montana . 1886 - The Severn Railway Tunnel, Britain's longest, was opened. 1889 - The tabulating machine was patented by Dr. Herman Hollerith. His firm, Tabulating Machine Company, later became International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). 1894 - Fire caused serious damage at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, IL . 1900 - U.S. President McKinley placed Alaska under military rule. 1900 - In South Africa, General White turned back the Boers attack of Ladysmith. 1901 - The first tournament sanctioned by the American Bowling Congress was held in Chicago, IL . 1908 - A catastrophic train collision occurred in the smoke-filled Park Avenue Tunnel in New York City. Seventeen were killed and thirty-eight were injured. The accident caused a public outcry and increased demand for electric trains. 1916 - During World War I, the final withdrawal of Allied troops from Gallipoli took place. 1918 - U.S. President Woodrow Wilson announced his Fourteen Points as the basis for peace upon the end of World War I. 1921 - David Lloyd George became the first prime minister tenant at Chequers Court, Buckinghamshire. 1929 - William S. Paley appeared on CBS Radio for the first time to announce that CBS had become the largest regular chain of broadcasting chains in radio history. 1935 - The spectrophotometer was patented by A.C. Hardy. 1952 - Marie Wilson came to TV as "My Friend Irma". 1955 - After 130 home basketball wins, Georgia Tech defeated Kentucky 59-58. It was the first Kentucky loss at home since January 2, 1943. 1957 - Jackie Robinson announced his retirement from major league baseball in an article that appeared in "LOOK" magazine. 1958 - Bobby Fisher, at the age of 14, won the United States Chess Championship for the first time. 1959 - Charles De Gaulle was inaugurated as president of France's Fifth Republic. 1960 - The NCAA met in New York and voted against reviving the unlimited substitution rule for college football. 1964 - U.S. President Lyndon Johnson declared a "War on Poverty." 1961 - Robert Goulet made his national TV debut this night on "The Ed Sullivan Show" on CBS. 1962 - Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa was exhibited in America for the first time at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC . The next day the exhibit opened to the public. 1973 - Secret peace talks between the United States and North Vietnam resumed near Paris, France. 1973 - The trial opened in Washington, of seven men accused of bugging Democratic Party headquarters in the Watergate apartment complex in Washington, DC . 1975 - Ella Grasso became the governor of Connecticut. She was the first woman to become a governor of a state without a husband preceding her in the governor�s chair. 1982 - American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T) settled the Justice Department's antitrust lawsuit against it by agreeing to divest itself of the 22 Bell System companies. 1982 - The U.S. Justice Department withdrew an antitrust suit against IBM. 1987 - The Dow Jones industrial average closed over the 2000 mark for the first time at 2,002.2	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,342	Who did Evan Davies replace in a long-running TV programme this summer?	Best moments of Evan Davis on Radio 4's Today programme - Telegraph BBC Best moments of Evan Davis on Radio 4's Today programme As the BBC broadcaster presents his final Radio 4 show before moving to Newsnight, we take a look back at some of his finest moments Former Today programme presenter Evan Davis: "I just think [drug taking] is something gay people have to watch out for" Photo: Rex Features Follow This morning Evan Davis presented his final show on Radio 4’s Today programme before moving Newsnight, where he will replace Jeremy Paxman as the anchor of the BBC Two's flagship current affairs show. His final show featured a list of Mr Davis' "golden rules" for Today presenters, which included "if you lose interest in an item, find a way to amuse yourself" and "if something has gone wrong, just carry on". He praised the "stoic and heroic" work of his team, and recalled some of his most "fantastic" experiences such as interviewing from the Dalai Lama to Jay Z. Mr Davis concluded the show with an accidental slip of the tongue when he told listeners to "have a great night" which he quickly corrected to "day". He joined the Today programme in April 2008 after six-and-a-half years as the BBC's economics editor. Related Articles Gareth Malone creates celebrity choir for Children In Need single 25 Sep 2014 As Mr Davis presents his final show, we take a look back at some of his best moments. Downing Street complaint Mr Davis became embroiled in a row with Chancellor George Osborne in December 2012 following a post-autumn statement interview. He provoked an official complaint from Downing Street after a 13-minute interview with George Osborne, where he was accused of adopting an “unacceptably hostile” tone. Conservative MPs rounded on Mr Davis on Twitter for giving Mr Osborne a tougher time than his Labour opposite. Not knowing which sex Lady Gaga is Mr Davis said: "Women's singing is doing very well at the moment. If you look at the UK top ten, four single females are in there...plus Lady Gaga". This episode prompted one of his golden rules for Today presenters: "Get a grip on popular culture and know what sex Lady Gaga is." Calling the Today programme a "shambles" When a guest on the show told Mr Davis he was downstairs but could not get up into the studio, the presenter said, live on air: "For goodness sake, this programme is such a shambles sometimes." Being mistaken for a relation of David Davis An American guest once asked Mr Davis: "I had dinner last night with David Davis, are you any relation?" A fiery interview with Lord Young Mr Davis sparked controversy back in October 2010 when he was accused of promoting the legalisation of cannabis. During an interview with Lord Young, Mr Davis seized on Lord Young’s remark that: “Frankly, if I want to do something stupid and break my leg or neck, that’s up to me.” When Lord Young asked: “Haven’t you ever been skiing?” the presenter replied: “So if I want to smoke cannabis, that’s up to me as well, presumably? What principle distinguishes between me doing something dangerous that can break my neck and having a spliff?” Greenwald interview fallout The fallout between Guardian reporter Glenn Greenwald and Mr Davis, after a heated interview on the Today programme about the ethics of spying disclosures, spilled onto Twitter. Commenting on the interview, Mr Greenwald said: "I love and favour adversarial interviews: but when you're only aggressive w/govt critics, not natl security officials, that's shoddy journalism". This was in November 2013, as Britain's top spy chiefs prepared to be grilled by MPs over the NSA and GCHQ spying furore, sparked by Greenwald's reports. Too many "old blokes"	The Ed Sullivan Show Information The Ed Sullivan Show Information The Ed Sullivan Show News The Ed Sullivan Show Information The Ed Sullivan Show is an American TV variety show that originally ran on CBS from Sunday June 20, 1948 to Sunday June 6, 1971, and was hosted by New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan. It was replaced in September 1971 by the CBS Sunday Night Movie, which ran only one season and was eventually replaced by other shows. In 2002, The Ed Sullivan Show was ranked #15 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. History From 1949 until its cancelation in 1971, the show ran on CBS every Sunday night from 8"9 p.m. E.T., and is one of the few entertainment shows to have run in the same weekly time slot on the same network for more than two decades. (During its first season, it ran from 9"10 p.m. E.T.) Virtually every type of entertainment appeared on the show; opera singers, popular artists, songwriters, comedians, ballet dancers, dramatic actors performing monologues from plays, and circus acts were regularly featured. The format was essentially the same as vaudeville, and although vaudeville had died a generation earlier, Sullivan presented many ex-vaudevillians on his show. Originally cocreated and produced by Marlo Lewis, the show was first titled Toast of the Town, but was widely referred to as The Ed Sullivan Show for years before September 25, 1955, when that became its official name. In the show's June 20, 1948 debut, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis performed along with singer Monica Lewis and Broadway composers Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II previewing the score to their then-new show South Pacific, which opened on Broadway in 1949. The Ed Sullivan Show was originally broadcast via live television from the Maxine Elliott Theatre at Broadway and 39th St. before moving to its permanent home at CBS-TV Studio 50 in New York City (1697 Broadway, at 53rd Street), which was renamed The Ed Sullivan Theater on the occasion of the program's 20th anniversary in June 1968. The last original Sullivan show telecast (#1068) was on March 28, 1971 with guests Melanie, Joanna Simon, Danny Davis and the Nashville Brass, and Sandler and Young. Repeats were scheduled through June 6, 1971. Background Along with the new talent Sullivan booked each week, he also had recurring characters appear many times a season, such as his "Little Italian Mouse" puppet sidekick Topo Gigio, who debuted April 14, 1963, and ventriloquist Seï¿½or Wences. While most of the episodes aired live from New York City, the show also aired live on occasion from other nations, such as the United Kingdom, Australia, and Japan. For many years, Ed Sullivan was a national event each Sunday evening, and was the first exposure for foreign performers to the American public. On the occasion of the show's tenth anniversary telecast, Sullivan commented on how the show had changed during a June 1958 interview syndicated by the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA): The chief difference is mostly one of pace. In those days, we had maybe six acts. Now we have 11 or 12. Then, each of our acts would do a leisurely ten minutes or so. Now they do two or three minutes. And in those early days I talked too much. Watching these kines I cringe. I look up at me talking away and I say "You fool! Keep quiet!" But I just keep on talking. I've learned how to keep my mouth shut. The show enjoyed phenomenal popularity in the 1950s and early 1960s. As had occurred with the annual telecasts of The Wizard of Oz in the 1960s and '70s, the family ritual of gathering around the television set to watch Ed Sullivan became almost a U.S. cultural universal. He was regarded as a kingmaker, and performers considered an appearance on his program as a guarantee of stardom, although this sometimes did not turn out to be the case. The show's iconic status is illustrated by a song from the 1960 musical Bye Bye Birdie. In the song "Hymn for a Sunday Evening", a family of viewers expresses their regard for the program in worshipful tones. In September 1965, CBS started telev	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,343	The word membranophone technically refers to a?	What is a Hang Drum? The term hang drum is a misnomer for a musical instrument or “sound sculpture” called a Hang. What is a Hang? In November 1999, instrument builders Felix Rohner and Sabina Schärer of PANArt created the first Hang (Plural: Hanghang) prototype in Bern, Switzerland. Hang means “hand” in the Bernese German language, and is pronounced “hung or hong”. The development of the Hang began after years of research on the making of, tuning and developing specific metals for the steelpan . Also contributing to the Hangs birth was the study of Gongs, Gamelan, Ghatam, Udu, drums and bells. Photo © Michael Paschko. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported. Original photo here. The sound sculpture has a peculiar “UFO shape” that is the result of gluing two half-shells of deep drawn, nitrated steel together at the rim. The inside of the instrument is hollow and the outside has notes and tone fields hammered into it. The top shell has a center note that is surrounded by 7-9 tone fields. The bottom shell has a tuned port centered on the bottom. The notes and tone fields are usually played with finger strikes that can be dynamic but without aggressive force. Photo © Michael Paschko . Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported. Original photo here . According the wikipedia , “The Hang was developed in the year 2000 and introduced at the Musikmesse Frankfurt in 2001.” PANArt ’s Hang , the new instrument of the millennium, will probably go down in history as the most important acoustical instrument to develop in the 21th century. Hang Drum vs. PanArt Hang In 2002, Lark in the morning, a musician’s service outlet in the U.S.A. that specialized in hard to find musical items coined the term “hang drum” in order to market its stock of Hanghang. This new catchy name spread quickly throughout California. Eventually hang drum made its way to the World Wide Web as buskers from Haight-Ashburry to Amsterdam and other Hang playing musicians were uploaded to YouTube. Ultimately, the term hang drum found its way to most English speaking countries and was firmly established on social media. Uploaded to YouTube on Nov 29, 2006: Uploaded to YouTube on Apr 10, 2008: In 2007 PANArt asked several distributors to stop using the term hang drum on their websites. By 2009 more than 5000 hanghang were distributed around the globe. That same year—almost 7 years after the term appeared—the Hang builders of PANArt officially and publicly voiced their disdain for the term hang drum: “Percussionists were initially attracted to this fresh new instrument. They called it by many names and descriptions including UFO, flying saucer, Pantam, disco armonico and Hang drum. “ “We were forced to accept definitions and activities around the previous generations of the Hang to which we could not agree. Treating it as a drum and promoting the name Hang drum, for instance, has created a ripple effect of misinformation that leads to damaged instruments, physical injury, and mental and emotional turbulence.” In 2010 PANArt stated in a newsletter : “We do not make….hang drums. Playing the drums is a different language.” The Hang player communities online ( hangblog.org and Handpan.org ) mostly agreed with PANArt that it should not be called a hang drum. Most members discouraged the use of term and sought to educate the less informed. Professionals in the genre seemed to avoid the term purposely or by habit. Currently, with 7000-8000 hanghang in the world, attempts to eradicate the term hang drum have failed. It is not possible to erase all the YouTube clips that use the term hang drum. Therefore, many people who discover the Hang on the Internet will initially believe “hang drum” is the proper name of the instrument. Consequently, people who know better often use the term online in order to get noticed by those who have just discovered the Hang via the hang drum misnomer. And, there are others who simply don’t care. The Hang is not a Drum The everyday person typically defines a drum as a cylindrical or go	1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? 3. If Alpha is 1, and Beta is 2, what is 6? 4. If Tony Blackburn won in 2002, Phil Tuffnell won in 2003, and Kerry Katona won in 2004, who won in 2007? 5. If David Lloyd George is 1, Andrew Bonal Law is 2, and Stanley Baldwin is 3, who is 4? 6. If Liverpool won in 2006, and Chelsea won in 2007, who won in 2008? 7. How many pints does a 10- gallon hat hold? 8. Who was murdered by Fitzurse, de Tracy, de Morville and Le Breton? 9. Who presents Location, Location, Location with Phil Spencer? 10. From what ancient activity does the word ‘crestfallen’ come? 11. What non-mechanical sport achieves the highest speeds? 12. What major city is on an island in the St Lawrence river? 13. Who succeeded Alf Ramsey to become caretaker manger for the English national football team in 1974? 14. What did Britain’s roads first acquire in 1914? 15. Which former Liverpool player held the record for the fastest hat-trick, scoring 3 goals in less than 5 minutes? 16. Myleen Klass (pictured) now presents 10 Years Younger on Channel 4, but what was the name of the pop band that gave her success in 2001? 17. Who was the presenter of Out Of Town in the 1960s who went on to appear on the children’s TV programme How? 18. Whose autobiography is called Dear Fatty? 19. Who were Tom and Barbara’s neighbours in The Good Life? 20. In Cockney rhyming slang what are your ‘Daisy Roots’? 21. What is the surname of the twin brothers who compiled the Guinness Book of Records together between 1955 and 1975? 22. Which actor played Columbo? 23. Does the Bactrian camel have one hump, or two? 24. Where is the world's largest four-faced chiming clock? 25. Concerned about the impact of uncontrolled development and industrialisation, what National Charity was founded in 1895 by three Victorian philanthropists, Miss Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley? 26. What famous make of motorcycle was Lawrence of Arabia riding when he was tragically killed in Dorset in 1936? 27. What colour of flag should a ship fly to show it is in quarantine? 28. Purple Brittlegill, Velvet Shank and Orange Milkcap are three types of what? 29. What is the name of the flats where the Trotters lived in Only Fools And Horses? 30. In computing, what does the abbreviation USB stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Saturn; 2. Tom Baker (Doctor Who actors); 3. Zeta; 4. Christopher Biggins. (I’m a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here. Joe Pasquale 04, Carol Thatcher 05, Matt Willis 06, and Joe Swash 08); 5. Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Ministers post WW1); 6. Portsmouth (FA Cup); 7. 6; 8. Thomas Becket; 9. Kirstie Allsopp; 10. Cockfighting; 11. Sky-diving; 12. Montreal; 13. Joe Mercer; 14. White Lines; 15. Robbie Fowler; 16. Hearsay; 17. Jack Hargreaves; 18. Dawn French; 19. Margo and Jerry Leadbetter; 20. Boots; 21. McWhirter (Ross and Norris); 22. Peter Falk; 23. Two; 24. The Clock Tower on the Palace of Westminster in London (Big Ben is the nickname for the bell); 25. The National Trust; 26. Brough Superior; 27. Yellow; 28. Fungi; 29. Nelson Mandela House; 30. Universal Serial Bus Like us on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,344	Who was the president for all but the last 6 months of the Korean war?	Korean War - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com Google The Two Koreas “If the best minds in the world had set out to find us the worst possible location in the world to fight this damnable war,” U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson (1893-1971) once said, “the unanimous choice would have been Korea.” The peninsula had landed in America’s lap almost by accident. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Korea had been a part of the Japanese empire, and after World War II it fell to the Americans and the Soviets to decide what should be done with their enemy’s mperial possessions. In August 1945, two young aides at the State Department divided the Korean peninsula in half along the 38th parallel. The Russians occupied the area north of the line and the United States occupied the area to its south. Did You Know? Unlike World War II and Vietnam, the Korean War did not get much media attention in the United States. The most famous representation of the war in popular culture is the television series “MAS*H,” which was set in a field hospital in South Korea. The series ran from 1972 until 1983, and its final episode was the most-watched in television history. By the end of the decade, two new states had formed on the peninsula. In the south, the anti-communist dictator Syngman Rhee (1875-1965) enjoyed the reluctant support of the American government; in the north, the communist dictator Kim Il Sung (1912-1994) enjoyed the slightly more enthusiastic support of the Soviets. Neither dictator was content to remain on his side of the 38th parallel, however, and border skirmishes were common. Nearly 10,000 North and South Korean soldiers were killed in battle before the war even began. The Korean War and the Cold War Even so, the North Korean invasion came as an alarming surprise to American officials. As far as they were concerned, this was not simply a border dispute between two unstable dictatorships on the other side of the globe. Instead, many feared it was the first step in a communist campaign to take over the world. For this reason, nonintervention was not considered an option by many top decision makers. (In fact, in April 1950, a National Security Council report known as NSC-68 had recommended that the United States use military force to “contain” communist expansionism anywhere it seemed to be occurring, “regardless of the intrinsic strategic or economic value of the lands in question.”) “If we let Korea down,” President Harry Truman (1884-1972) said, “the Soviet[s] will keep right on going and swallow up one [place] after another.” The fight on the Korean peninsula was a symbol of the global struggle between east and west, good and evil. As the North Korean army pushed into Seoul, the South Korean capital, the United States readied its troops for a war against communism itself. At first, the war was a defensive one–a war to get the communists out of South Korea–and it went badly for the Allies. The North Korean army was well-disciplined, well-trained and well-equipped; Rhee’s forces, by contrast, were frightened, confused, and seemed inclined to flee the battlefield at any provocation. Also, it was one of the hottest and driest summers on record, and desperately thirsty American soldiers were often forced to drink water from rice paddies that had been fertilized with human waste. As a result, dangerous intestinal diseases and other illnesses were a constant threat. By the end of the summer, President Truman and General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), the commander in charge of the Asian theater, had decided on a new set of war aims. Now, for the Allies, the Korean War was an offensive one: It was a war to “liberate” the North from the communists. Initially, this new strategy was a success. An amphibious assault at Inchon pushed the North Koreans out of Seoul and back to their side of the 38th parallel. But as American troops crossed the boundary and headed north toward the Yalu River, the border between North Korea and Communist China, the Chinese started to worry about protecting themselves from what they called “armed aggres	The Leaders \| Cuban Missile Crisis U.S. President John F. Kennedy Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev Prime Minister of Cuba Fidel Castro White House Photographs. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston Digital Identifier: JFKWHP-AR6283-A. In 1960, at the age of 43, John F. Kennedy became the youngest elected President in U.S. history, during a period of growing tensions in the U.S.-Soviet Cold War rivalry. Soon after taking office in 1961, he authorized the “Bay of Pigs” invasion led by the CIA and exiles from Cuba, whose government had been overthrown by communist rebels in 1959. This failed to overthrow leader Fidel Castro, and was a major embarrassment to Kennedy. Tensions with the Soviet Union further escalated during the 1961 Berlin Crisis. These events set the stage for the Cuban Missile Crisis. On October 15, 1962 Kennedy was informed of the discovery of Soviet missiles in Cuba and called a meeting of a small circle of trusted advisors (known as the Executive Committee of the National Security Council, or ExComm). He resisted pressure to react quickly with a surprise air strike, and took time to deliberate in secret on the possible courses of action. On October 22 the President announced a naval blockade on further arms shipments to Cuba. He then worked out an agreement with the Soviets, which involved a U.S. pledge not to invade Cuba if the Soviet Union withdrew its missiles, a threat to attack within 24 hours if the offer wasn’t accepted, and a secret promise to withdraw U.S. missiles from Turkey in four-five months. Credit: Heinz Junge, Bundesarchiv. German Federal Archive. Accession number Bild 183-B0628-0015-035. Khrushchev became First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1953 after a power struggle following Stalin’s death, and served as Premier from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev began efforts to “de-Stalinize” Soviet society. However, in 1961 tensions between the superpowers escalated over the Berlin Crisis. In the spring of 1962 Khrushchev made the decision to place Soviet missiles in Cuba secretly in order to give a quick boost to Soviet missile power, and to strengthen the USSR’s bargaining position regarding the Berlin question. After the missiles were discovered, Khrushchev initially maintained a hard line, expecting Kennedy to back down. However, as the President stood firm, Khrushchev reassessed the situation. Faced with the very real possibility of nuclear war, Khrushchev decided that “to save the world, we must retreat”. He agreed to withdraw the Soviet missiles, in exchange for a U.S. pledge not to invade Cuba and the President’s secret assurance that the U.S. would withdraw its Jupiter missiles from Turkey. As this American concession was not revealed publicly, the settlement was viewed by many as unfavorable to the USSR and hurt Khrushchev politically, contributing to his ouster from power in 1964. Credit: Warren K. Leffler. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. In January 1959 Fidel Castro’s revolutionary forces seized power. While the Cuban leader initially claimed this was not a communist revolution, a year later Cuba formally aligned itself with the Soviet Union. Relations with the United States deteriorated further in 1961when the U.S. supported CIA-trained anti-Castro exiles in the Bay of Pigs invasion – a failed attempt to overthrow Castro and a major blow for President Kennedy. In this context, in the summer of 1962 Castro accepted the Soviet offer to install missiles in Cuba as a deterrent to a U.S. invasion. During the crisis Castro urged Khrushchev to defend Cuba and reject American demands to withdraw the missiles. On October 27, believing a U.S. attack was imminent, Castro urged Khrushchev to initiate a nuclear first strike. Castro was excluded from the negotiations and felt that, by agreeing to withdraw the missiles, the Soviets had betrayed Cuba. Search for:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,345	Phobophobia is the irrational fear of developing a what?	Learn About Phobophobia: The Fear of Phobias Phobias SHARE Learn About Phobophobia: The Fear of Phobias Phobias are intense, irrational fears caused by non-dangerous stimuli. Examples of common phobias include arachnophobia (fear of spiders), social phobia (fear of social situations), and acrophobia (fear of heights). There are even phobias of long words and left handed people. But what you may not have known is that some people have a fear of phobias. It's known as phobophobia, and in some ways it's more common than you may think. Have a Phobia? What About Anxiety? Find out what your anxiety says about you and how you can treat it by taking my free 7 minute anxiety test now. Start the test here . How Phobophobia Works Experts are somewhat mixed on whether or not phobophobia is common. The truth is that it seems to affect those that already have fears or phobias, which may imply that it's not a phobia itself, but rather a symptom of the phobia. Make sure you've taken my anxiety test yet if you haven't already. But the idea behind phobophobia is that there are those that are either: Intensely afraid of phobia/anxiety symptoms, or Intensely afraid of developing a phobia. Many people experience the former. Those with panic attacks or severe anxiety are actually very prone to experiencing "fear of fear," where they become very fearful about experiencing another attack of anxiety – especially anxiety with severe physical symptoms. The symptoms of anxiety can be so severe that they cause immense distress, and in some cases make the person either feel like they're having a heart attack or feel like something is seriously wrong with their health. Many just develop a fear because it's so difficult to deal with anxiety symptoms. For those with phobias, this may be considered its own symptom of the phobia. But if you experience anxiety so strong over the idea of encountering your phobia, your psychologist may want to consider it a separate disorder. Getting a Fear of Having a New Phobia Of course, much rarer would be a fear of developing a phobia. This is likely more common in those with many phobias that seem to develop them quickly. They may start to believe or fear that they are destined for another phobia, thus causing them intense anxiety. This is of course much less common. You Can Fear Anything Phobias are often not something a person can control, and no matter how irrational a fear may be, it's usually difficult for someone's own willpower to overcome it. Those with phobias often know they're irrational, but can't control the fear. But the good news is that nearly all phobias can be cured, so you do not have to live with these symptoms forever. I've helped thousands of people overcome their anxiety and phobias starting with my free 7 minute anxiety test. Take the test now to learn more about your own anxiety and what you can do to cure it.	Glossary for Phobias and philias - RightDiagnosis.com Glossary for Phobias and philias Abasiophilia : A sexual preference to people who are crippled or lame or people who need some sort of orthopedic appliance such as a leg braces, wheelchairs and spine braces. Ablutophilia : A sexual attraction to bathing, showering or any other way of washing oneself. Acarophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of mites, ticks, small insects and worms. Achluophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of the night or darkness. Acomoclitic : Acomoclitic refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving hairless genitals. Acousticophilia : Acousticophilia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving certain sounds. Acousticophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of noise. Acrophilia : Acrophilia refers to sexual urges or fantasies involving heights or high altitudes. Acrotomophilia : A sexual preference for amputees. Actirasty : Actirasty refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving the sun's rays. Aelurophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of cats. Aerophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of fresh air, breezes and flying. Agalmatophilia : A sexual attraction to statues, mannequins or dolls. Agonophilia : Agonophilia refers to an unusual level of sexual excitement derived from foreplay consisting of struggling, wrestling and rape imitation Agoraphilia : Agoraphilia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving sex in pulic places. Agoraphobia : Fear of unfamiliar surroundings Agrexophilia : Agrexo refers to an unusual level of excitement that comes from knowing that other people are aware of their sexual activities. Agyrophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of crossing roads. It includes a fear of being attacked on the street or being unable to defend oneself while crossing the road. Aichmophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of pointy objects or needles. Aischrolgia : Aischrolgia refers to sexual urges or arousal associated with the use of obscene language. Albutophilia : Albutophilia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving water. Alektorophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of chickens. Algolagnia : Sexual enjoyment from pain . Algophilia : Algophilia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies associated with feeling pain. Algophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of pain Allopellia : Allopellia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving watching other people perform sexual acts. Allorgasmia : Allorgasmia refers to the inability to orgasm without fantasizing about a more erotic sexual partner. Altocalciphilia : Altocalciphilia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving high heels. Amathophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of dust. Amaurophilia : Amaurophilia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving engaging in sex where the partner is unable to see them. Amaxophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of riding in a vehicle or being in one. Amelotasis : Amelotasis refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving people with missing limbs. Amomaxia : Amomaxia refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving having sex in a parked car. Amputee fetishism : A fetish is sexual pleasure or gratification associated with a particular object or body part. Most people with a fetish don't seek help and are able to function fully despite their fetish. It is only when the fetish impairs a persons ability to function on a personal or social level that it can be a problem. Amputee fetishism is characterized by the association of sexual pleasure or gratification with amputees. Amychophobia : An exaggerated or irrational fear of being scratched or clawed. Anaclitism : Anaclitism refers to sexual urges, preferences or fantasies involving objects or activities normally associated with childhood. Toilet training, playing with children's toys such as dolls and breast sucking are subjects that may be associated with anaclitism. Anasteemaphilia : Anasteemaphilia refer	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,346	For what crime was Al Capone finally convicted?	Capone goes to prison - Oct 17, 1931 - HISTORY.com Capone goes to prison Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 1931, gangster Al Capone is sentenced to 11 years in prison for tax evasion and fined $80,000, signaling the downfall of one of the most notorious criminals of the 1920s and 1930s. Alphonse Gabriel Capone was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1899 to Italian immigrants. He was expelled from school at 14, joined a gang and earned his nickname “Scarface” after being sliced across the cheek during a fight. By 1920, Capone had moved to Chicago, where he was soon helping to run crime boss Johnny Torrio’s illegal enterprises, which included alcohol-smuggling, gambling and prostitution. Torrio retired in 1925 after an attempt on his life and Capone, known for his cunning and brutality, was put in charge of the organization. Prohibition, which outlawed the brewing and distribution of alcohol and lasted from 1920 to 1933, proved extremely lucrative for bootleggers and gangsters like Capone, who raked in millions from his underworld activities. Capone was at the top of the F.B.I.’s “Most Wanted” list by 1930, but he avoided long stints in jail until 1931 by bribing city officials, intimidating witnesses and maintaining various hideouts. He became Chicago’s crime kingpin by wiping out his competitors through a series of gangland battles and slayings, including the infamous St. Valentine’s Day Massacre in 1929, when Capone’s men gunned down seven rivals. This event helped raise Capone’s notoriety to a national level. Among Capone’s enemies was federal agent Elliot Ness, who led a team of officers known as “The Untouchables” because they couldn’t be corrupted. Ness and his men routinely broke up Capone’s bootlegging businesses, but it was tax-evasion charges that finally stuck and landed Capone in prison in 1931. Capone began serving his time at the U.S. Penitentiary in Atlanta, but amid accusations that he was manipulating the system and receiving cushy treatment, he was transferred to the maximum-security lockup at Alcatraz Island, in California’s San Francisco Bay. He got out early in 1939 for good behavior, after spending his final year in prison in a hospital, suffering from syphilis. Plagued by health problems for the rest of his life, Capone died in 1947 at age 48 at his home in Palm Island, Florida. Related Videos	TRIVIA - TV AND THE MOVIES TRIVIA - TV AND THE MOVIES What TV show lost Jim Carrey when he stepped into the movies? In Living Color. Who plays a paleontologist on Friends? David Schwimmer. What aging pop icon forgot the lyrics to We Can Work It Out on MTV Unplugged? Paul McCartney. What segment of the TV industry receives ACE Awards? Paul McCartney. What classic quiz show was originally titled Occupation Unknown? What's My Line? What 1966 TV show theme by Lalo Schifrin made a comeback in a 1996 blockbuster move? Mission: Impossible. Consumer News and Business Channel. How many fingers does Homer Simpson have? Eight. What sitcom character moved from a Boston barstool to a Seattle radio station? Dr. Frasier Crane. What Saturday Night Live cast member played Kap'n Karl on Pee-wee's Playhouse? Phil Hartman. What MAS*H principal won Emmys for acting, writing and directing? Alan Alda. What cable network drew twice its usual audience for a show called The Wonderful World of Dung? The Discovery Channel. What TV host went gold with the CD Romantic Christmas? John Tesh. What sitcom spawned the hit song I'll Be There For You? Friends. What MTV twosome are known as "The Bad Boys" in Mexico? Beavis and Butt head. What Indianapolis weatherman of the 1970s once forecast hail "the size of canned hams"? David Letterman. What kid's show's interracial cast needed riot police protection during a 1969 trip to Mississippi? Sesame Street's. What gritty 1990's TV drama series is subtitled Life on the Street? Homicide. What entertainer's wedding prompted NBC to order 10,000 tulips from Holland? Tiny Tim's. What sitcom helped John Larroquette earn three straight supporting actor Emmy Awards? Night Court. Who once observed: "This is America. You can't make a horse testify against himself"? Mr. Ed. What Marx Brother's name spelled backwards is the name of a daytime talk show host? Harpo's. Who began his radio shows with: "Good evening, Mr. ad Mrs. America and all the ships at sea, let's go to press"? Walter Winchell. What TV star said of his worldwide fame: "I didn't know I could top Knight Rider"? David Hasselhoff. What sitcom was among the top 20 most watched shows every season during its entire run, form 1984 to 1992? The Cosby Show. Who inherited Tom Snyder's CNBC talk-show slot in 1995? Charles Grodin. What was the fist sitcom to be broadcast from videotape, in 1971? All in the Family. What blond bombshell had a hankerin' for NYPD Blue detective Gegory Medavoy? Donna Abandando. What animated characters are known as Smolf in Stockholm? The Smurfs. What 1980s sitcom was credited with pulling NBC from third to first in overall ratings? The Cosby Show. What Muppet advised: "Never eat anything at one sitting that you can't lift"? Miss Piggy. What former TV anchorman made headlines by attending two Grateful Dead concerts? Walter Cronkite. What animated kitty was the first cartoon character licensed for use on merchandise? Felix the Cat. What's the "dimension of imagination, "according to the host of a classic TV series? The Twilight Zone. Who appeared in Return of the Killer Tomatoes before he landed a role on ER? George Clooney. What 250-pound star of Hairspray shed half her weight to host a TV talk show? Ricki Lake. What Mayberry resident once hijacked a bull when he'd had too much to drink? Otis Campbell. What four-word TV slogan did Sting add to the Dire Straits hit Money for Nothing? "I want my MTV". What Mary Tyler Moore Show character's blue blazer made it into the Smithsonian? Ted Baxter's. Who was a cheerleader for the San Francisco 49ers before she became TV's Lois Lane? Teri Hatcher. What was Redd Foxx's last name before show business beckoned? Sanford. Who's been Saturday Night Live's most frequent host? Steve Martin. What town did Howdy Doody live in? Doodyville. What sitcom star advised: "It's okay to be fat. So you're fat. Just be fat and shut up about it"? Roseanne. What Richard Chamberlain vehicle is second only to Roots in total viewers for a miniseries? The Thorn Birds. What media award was derived from the slang term for the 1	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,347	The beef cut called brisket comes from where on the animal?	What part of the cow does brisket come from? \| Reference.com What part of the cow does brisket come from? A: Quick Answer Brisket is cut from the underside of the cow near the chest area. This part of the cow is tough because of the high collagen and fat content. Full Answer Brisket comes in two cuts: the flat and the point. These can be purchased undivided or separate. It also comes in trimmed or untrimmed. Untrimmed has a layer of fat on top and a strip of fat running through the middle. Untrimmed, undivided brisket is referred to as a "packer's cut." Despite coming from one of the toughest parts of the cow, it is the collagen content that gives smoked brisket its flavor. Collagen cooks down into gelatin slowly at low temperatures. To keep the brisket moist during cooking, choose a piece with good marbling.	The Old Foodie: The Truth about Carpetbag Steak. Monday, November 07, 2011 The Truth about Carpetbag Steak. A small comment in an article I read recently stated that ‘Carpetbag Steak’ was an Australian invention, and suggested that indeed it was a national dish. I have lived in this country since the mid 1960’s, and I am here to tell you – as both a consumer and food history enthusiast – that this is a ridiculous myth. The concept of a steak stuffed with oysters and grilled (or ‘broiled’, if you prefer that term) – did appear on menus of Australian restaurants of the more expensive kind, in decades past, but I cannot remember last time I it listed on any menu, anywhere (which is a surely a sign that it is due for revival.) I hasten to add that the simple combination of beef and oysters is quite old, oysters once upon a time being so cheap that they were a useful way of bulking out expensive meat dishes. The best example of this is the old-fashioned ‘steak and oyster pie’, which only became ‘steak and kidney pie’ in the latter half of the nineteenth century, when oysters became dearer than kidneys. The OED is seriously deficient on the topic of carpetbag steak, giving the first mention in English as late as 1958, in The Times. Even worse – the second supporting quotation, from 1969, also from The Times says ‘Many ‘foreign’ dishes are really British. Like Australian ‘carpetbag steak’—rare fillet stuffed with oysters.’ Many other references suggest the invention of this dish was in the mid-twentieth century, the favoured ‘inventor’ being Louis Diat, whose book Cooking a la Ritz, published in 1941, included the following recipe: Carpet-Bag Steak. Have the butcher cut steak from the sirloin 1 1/2 to 2 inches thick, and then cut through the center to make a pocket. Stuff this pocket with raw oysters, seasoned with salt an pepper. Then sew the edges of pocket together. Broil about fifteen minutes on each side. Serve with any desired potatoes." There are earlier printed recipes for carpet-bag or carpetbagger steak, or for the same dish without the name. A well-known Australian cookery teacher and cook book writer was Amy Shauer. One of her many books, published in 1909 included the following recipe: Steak and Oystr Filling Choose a good tender steak, and have it cut about 2 inches thick. Split it through, and fill in between with raw oysters, lightly seasoned with cayenne and a few drops of lemon juice. Sew up the steak, and grill carefully for 20 minutes to 1/2 an hour. Rubbing the steak over with oiled butter or salad oil prevents the juice escaping, and ensures it coming to table a rich brown outside and tender and juicy inside." The Schauer Cookery Book, (1909) Mis A and Miss M Schauer Published recipes are late records of dishes that have already been in existence for some time. But how long is this in the case of carpetbag steak? There is an intriguing snippet, in a column of small snippets, in the Logansport Pharos [Logansport, Indiana], of Thursday Evening, July 23, 1891 which says ‘“Carpetbag steak,” a rare delicacy now, is slit and stuffed with oysters and broiled. – Hotel Mail.’ This sentence, if I read the nuances correctly, suggests that carpetbag steak had already had its hey-day by the end of 1891. The snippet, and the absence of references in Australia or elsewhere around this date also strongly suggests that the dish is an American invention. Surely there must be other, earlier, references to a dish that was apparently already popular in 1891? See what you can find, my friends, and lets try to put a date and ethnicity on this early ‘Beef and Reef’ dish. Quotation for the Day.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,348	What is the oldest living species of tree?	6 of the Oldest Trees in the World \| Mental Floss 6 of the Oldest Trees in the World Joe Burbank/MCT/Landov Like us on Facebook Roughly 3,500 years ago—right about the time the Ancient Phoenicians were hitting their stride—a tiny cypress tree, no bigger than a fist, sprouted in the swamplands of Central Florida. 3,500 years later, in 2012, that very same cypress burned to the ground. Known as “The Senator,” this majestic, 118-foot tall tree was one of the oldest organisms in the world. Over the course of its long life, it survived hurricanes, disease and logging sprees, serving as a landmark for Seminole Indians, a tourist attraction for curious Victorians, and a spiritual epicenter for pilgrims hoping to bask, literally, in the shade of history. Investigators later charged a 26-year-old woman with setting the fire . Here are some of the world’s oldest and most amazing trees that remain. 1. Old Tjikko (Sweden) Karl Brodowsky /Wikimedia Commons The world’s oldest known living tree sprouted sometime during the last Ice Age, roughly 9,550 years ago. This 16-foot spruce in the Dalarna province of Sweden may look more like a Charlie Brown Christmas Tree, but don’t be fooled: this little guy’s root system got started back when the British Isles were still connected to Europe by an ice bridge. According to Wired , geologist Leif Kullman, who discovered the tree, named it after his dead dog. 2. Methuselah (California) Oke /Wikimedia Commons Methuselah, a bristlecone pine tree from California’s White Mountains, is thought to be almost 5,000 years old—and the oldest non-clonal tree in the world. The exact location of the gnarled, twisted Methuselah is a Forest Service secret, for its protection (that might not be it above). In 1964, a slightly older tree by the name of Prometheus was accidentally felled by a scientist who didn’t realize the tree was as old as it was. 3. Llangernyw (North Wales) Emgaol /Wikimedia Commons Llangernyw, a lush, 4,000-year-old yew tree, was inducted into a list of 50 Great British Trees by the UK Tree Council in 2002, which, as far as tree honors are concerned, is a pretty big deal. Llangernyw was planted in what is now a North Wales churchyard way back when the Egyptian Pyramids were still considered a new development. 4. Zoroastrian Sarv (Iran) The Zoroastrian Sarv, a tree in central Iran, is an Iranian National Monument. The 4,000-year-old cypress took root right about the time ancient people in Central Asia were inventing wheels with spokes, and over the course of its long life, witnessed the advent of modern human civilization. 5. Fitzroya Cupressoides (Chile) © Galen Rowell/CORBIS Fitzroya Cupressoides, a type of tall, skinny evergreen in the Andes Mountains, are some of the oldest trees in the world. Known commonly as the Alerce, many of these soaring evergreens have been logged in the last two hundred years, but scientists have been tracking and protecting one specific tree, which is thought to be more than 3,600 years old. 6. The Tree of One Hundred Horses (Sicily) LuckyLisp /Wikimedia Commons The Tree of One Hundred Horses, this enormous chestnut near the Mount Etna volcano in Sicily, is thought to be between 2,000 and 4,000 years old. Its inimitable name comes from an old legend where 100 drenched knights and their sopping steeds sought refuge from a thunderstorm beneath the tree’s protective branches. It’s almost believable: This truly massive tree holds the world record for girth, clocking in at 190 feet in circumference—nearly the length of a hockey rink. This post originally appeared in 2012.	Taxus Baccata (Common Yew / English Yew) Taxus Baccata (Common Yew / English Yew) Taxus baccata is a medium sized, evergreen conifer, native to Britain, much of Europe and parts of Asia and Africa. It is tolerant of a wide range of growing conditions including shade and chalk but not waterlogged or poor draining soil. It is widely used in landscaping as its relatively slow growth and tolerance of pruning make it an ideal plant for hedging and topiary. Bright red, berry like fruits ripen in the autumn and are attractive to birds during the winter. Most parts of the plant are toxic, particularly if foliage is eaten by animals. Fatal poisoning is uncommon in humans though unless excess volumes of foliage are consumed! Taxus baccata is the longest living plant in Europe with estimated ages between 2000 and 4000 years. However, no one can determine the exact ages as the trunk hollows with age, making a ring count impossible. This does not make the plant unstable though as once it reaches a certain size, new shoots appear at the base and grow, fusing into the main truck and acting like buttresses. Common Name: Common, English or European Yew Family: Taxaceae Demands: Tolerant of most conditions and soil types as long as well drained Foliage: Needles are lanceolate, flat and dark green Bark: Reddish-brown, flaking in small pieces Fruit: Seeds are surrounded by a red, berry-like fruit. Taxus baccata info sheet FACT: Most commonly, people associate Yews with churchyards. Ancient Britons planted them near temples and when Christianity came to Britain, the tradition continued. Some churches were built by existing plants. Around 500 churchyards in England have a yew tree which is older than the church itself, they are meant to be a symbol of everlasting life and resurrection. Yew has a long history in England as the wood of choice for bow making. The heartwood is on the inside of the bow as it resists compression. The sapwood is on the outside as it resists stretching. Once all the British supplies had been exhausted, the wood was imported from Europe. Once the European supplies were exhausted, longbows were replace with firearms! Taxus baccata clipped cones	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,349	Which South American country has land borders with Colombia and Peru?	Americas Americas Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda is located in the "Heart of the Caribbean" between the Greater and Lesser Antilles, about 402 kilometers (250 miles) east-southeast of Puerto Rico or 60 kilometers (37.5 miles) north of Guadeloupe. This territory consists of several islands, the largest being Antigua (281 square kilometers, or 108 square miles), Barbuda (161 square kilometers, or 62 square miles), and Redonda (1.6 square kilometers, or 0.5 square miles). Barbados Barbados is an island situated between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela and east of the Windward Island chain. It covers an area of 430 square kilometers (166 square miles), roughly 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC. Brazil Located in South America, Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world, after Russia, Canada, China, and the United States. Brazil has an area of 8,511,965 square kilometers (3,286,482 square miles), extending 4,320 kilometers (2,684 miles) from north to south and 4,328 kilometers (2,689 miles) from east to west, and a total coastline of 7,491 kilometers (4,655 miles). Chile A coastal country located in the southwest region of South America, Chile has an area of 756,950 square kilometers (292,258 square miles) and a total coastline of 6,435 kilometers (3,998 miles). Chile shares its northern border with Peru and its eastern border with Bolivia and Argentina. Colombia Shaped like an odd-looking pear with a thin top, Colombia is located in the northwestern corner of South America, alongside the Caribbean Sea between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the Pacific Ocean between Panama and Ecuador. Colombia has an area of 1,138,903 square kilometers (439,733 square miles) and a total coastline of 3,207 kilometers (1,993 miles) distributed between the Caribbean Sea and North Pacific Ocean. Dominica Dominica is an island located between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean. Its total area is 754 square kilometers (291 square miles), making it the largest of the English-speaking Windward Islands, and it is slightly more than 4 times the size of Washington, D.C. Dominican Republic A country occupying the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola (Haiti occupies the western third) between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, the Dominican Republic has an area of 48,730 square kilometers (18,815 square miles), more than twice the size of New Hampshire. It has a total coastline of 1,288 kilometers (800 miles), and a border with Haiti of 275 kilometers (171 miles). Ecuador Located between Colombia and Peru on the west coast of South America, Ecuador has an area of 283,560 square kilometers (176,204 square miles) and a coastline of 2,237 kilometers (1,390 miles). The Galapagos Islands, which rest 960 kilometers (600 miles) to the west of mainland Ecuador in the Pacific Ocean are part of the Republic of Ecuador. Grenada Grenada is an island situated between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago. Its total area is 340 square kilometers (131 square miles), about twice the size of Washington, D.C., and its coastline measures 121 kilometers (75 miles). Guatemala Located in Central America at the southern tip of Mexico between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, Guatemala has a total area of 108,890 square kilometers (42,042 square miles), slightly smaller than that of the state of Tennessee. Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, and Mexico all share land boundaries with Guatemala that total 1,687 kilometers (1,048 miles) in length, while Guatemala's coastline along the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea totals 400 kilometers (249 miles). Guyana Guyana is situated on the northeast coast of Latin America, along the Atlantic Ocean. It shares a 600-kilometer (373-mile) border with Suriname to the east, a 743-kilometer (462-mile) border with Venezuela to the northwest, and a 1,119-kilometer (695-mile) border with Brazil to the south and southwest. Jamaica The largest English-speaking island in the Caribbean Sea, Jamaica is about 160 kilometers (90 miles) south of Cu	Which countries border Brazil? \| Reference.com Which countries border Brazil? A: Quick Answer Ten countries border Brazil, including Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela. The only countries in South America that do not border Brazil are Ecuador and Chile. Full Answer Brazil is the largest country on the continent of South America. It has the third-longest distance of international land borders, totaling 16,885 kilometers, which is equivalent to 10,492 miles. The only countries that have longer international land borders are China and Russia. China borders 14 sovereign states along a border of 22,117 kilometers, while Russia borders 16 sovereign states, with a land border length of 20,241 kilometers. The longest land border that Brazil shares is with Bolivia at 3,400 kilometers. The second-longest border it shares is with Venezuela, measuring to 2,200 kilometers. The border between Colombia and Brazil is a shared 1,643 kilometers. Peru comes in fourth with a 1,560-kilometer border. Paraguay shares 1,290 kilometers. Brazil's border with Argentina is 1,224 kilometers, and the border between Brazil and Guyana is 1,119 kilometers. Uruguay's border runs 1,068 kilometers along Brazil, and French Guiana shares 730 kilometers with Brazil. The shortest shared border is with Suriname, measuring out to 597 kilometers. Brazil's longest border is its coastline along the Atlantic Ocean, covering 7,491 kilometers.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,350	In an 1890 novel, Basil Hallward paints whose portrait?	SparkNotes: The Picture of Dorian Gray: Character List The Picture of Dorian Gray Oscar Wilde Plot Overview Analysis of Major Characters Dorian Gray - A radiantly handsome, impressionable, and wealthy young gentleman, whose portrait the artist Basil Hallward paints. Under the influence of Lord Henry Wotton, Dorian becomes extremely concerned with the transience of his beauty and begins to pursue his own pleasure above all else. He devotes himself to having as many experiences as possible, whether moral or immoral, elegant or sordid. Read an in-depth analysis of Dorian Gray. Lord Henry Wotton - A nobleman and a close friend of Basil Hallward. Urbane and witty, Lord Henry is perpetually armed and ready with well-phrased epigrams criticizing the moralism and hypocrisy of Victorian society. His pleasure-seeking philosophy of “new Hedonism,” which espouses garnering experiences that stimulate the senses without regard for conventional morality, plays a vital role in Dorian’s development. Read an in-depth analysis of Lord Henry Wotton. Basil Hallward - An artist, and a friend of Lord Henry. Basil becomes obsessed with Dorian after meeting him at a party. He claims that Dorian possesses a beauty so rare that it has helped him realize a new kind of art; through Dorian, he finds “the lines of a fresh school.” Dorian also helps Basil realize his artistic potential, as the portrait of Dorian that Basil paints proves to be his masterpiece. Read an in-depth analysis of Basil Hallward. Sibyl Vane - A poor, beautiful, and talented actress with whom Dorian falls in love. Sibyl’s love for Dorian compromises her ability to act, as her experience of true love in life makes her realize the falseness of affecting emotions onstage. James Vane - Sibyl’s brother, a sailor bound for Australia. James cares deeply for his sister and worries about her relationship with Dorian. Distrustful of his mother’s motives, he believes that Mrs. Vane’s interest in Dorian’s wealth disables her from properly protecting Sibyl. As a result, James is hesitant to leave his sister. Mrs. Vane - Sibyl and James’s mother. Mrs. Vane is a faded actress who has consigned herself and her daughter to a tawdry theater company, the owner of which has helped her to pay her debts. She conceives of Dorian Gray as a wonderful alliance for her daughter because of his wealth; this ulterior motive, however, clouds her judgment and leaves Sibyl vulnerable. Alan Campbell - Once an intimate friend, Alan Campbell is one of many promising young men who have severed ties with Dorian because of Dorian’s sullied reputation. Lady Agatha - Lord Henry’s aunt. Lady Agatha is active in charity work in the London slums. Lord Fermor - Lord Henry’s irascible uncle. Lord Fermor tells Henry the story of Dorian’s parentage. Duchess of Monmouth - A pretty, bored young noblewoman who flirts with Dorian at his country estate. Victoria Wotton - Lord Henry’s wife. Victoria appears only once in the novel, greeting Dorian as he waits for Lord Henry. She is described as an untidy, foolishly romantic woman with “a perfect mania for going to church.” Victor - Dorian’s servant. Although Victor is a trustworthy servant, Dorian becomes suspicious of him and sends him out on needless errands to ensure that he does not attempt to steal a glance at Dorian’s portrait. Mrs. Leaf - Dorian Gray’s housekeeper. Mrs. Leaf is a bustling older woman who takes her work seriously. More Help	Tulliver family \| fictional characters \| Britannica.com fictional characters See Article History Tulliver family, fictional family in George Eliot ’s novel The Mill on the Floss (1860). Mr. Tulliver is the stubborn and hot-tempered owner of Dorlcote Mill whose lawsuit against a neighbour leads to disaster for the family. Mrs. Tulliver cares more for her household goods than for her children. The central character of the novel is their daughter Maggie, an intelligent and sensitive woman who is stifled by the demands of her family and the community in which they live. Her arrogant, self-righteous brother Tom bans Maggie from the house after she is caught in a compromising situation, but the brother and sister are reconciled in the end. Learn More in these related articles: George Eliot November 22, 1819 Chilvers Coton, Warwickshire, England December 22, 1880 London English Victorian novelist who developed the method of psychological analysis characteristic of modern fiction. Her major works include Adam Bede (1859), The Mill on the Floss (1860), Silas Marner (1861), Middlemarch... The Mill on the Floss novel by George Eliot, published in three volumes in 1860. It sympathetically portrays the vain efforts of Maggie Tulliver to adapt to her provincial world. The tragedy of her plight is underlined by the actions of her brother Tom, whose sense of family honour leads him to forbid her to associate... 1 Reference found in Britannica Articles Assorted Reference role in “The Mill on the Floss” (in The Mill on the Floss ) Article History Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Date Published: February 15, 2011 URL: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Tulliver-family Access Date: January 17, 2017 Share	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,351	By what name is Theodor Geisel better known?	Behind the Name: Meaning, origin and history of the name Theodor USAGE: German , Swedish , Norwegian , Danish , Czech , Romanian Meaning & History German form of THEODORE , as well as a Scandinavian, Czech and Romanian variant of TEODOR . A famous bearer was American children's book creator Theodor Seuss Geisel (1904-1991), better known as Dr. Seuss.	What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was th - Pastebin.com In what country can one find 40 species of lemurs? A: Madagascar. RAW Paste Data What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was the first motor race held that was classed as Formula 1? 1950 In the wild west, how was Henry McCarty better known? Billy The Kid How many stories did each of the World Trade Towers have? 110 What is the name of the cafe in Coronation Street? Roy's Rolls According to the BBC how many rooms are there in Buckingham Palace? 775 What is the busiest single-runway airport in the world? London Gatwick By number of films made, which country has the largest film industry? India Who lit the Olympic flame at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics? Muhammad Ali On what day of the year is St George's day held? 23rd of April The scientific unit lumen is used in the measurement of what? Light Which Apollo moon mission was the first to carry a lunar rover vehicle? Apollo 15 Who wrote the Twilight series of novels? Stephenie Meyer What is the capital of India? New Delhi Who wrote the poem 'The Owl and the Pussycat'? Edward Lear Which country had a secret police force known as the Tonton Macoute? Haiti In which city is the European Parliament based? Strasbourg Gala, Jonagold and Pink Lady are varieties of which fruit? Apple Which organ of the body is affected by Bright's Disease? Kidney What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin? 373 K What was the 1st human invention that broke the sound barrier? The whip What name was given to the Samurai code of honour? Bushido What colour is the bullseye on a standard dartboard? Red What song does the main character wake up to every morning in Groundhog Day? I Got You Babe What is the only Central American country in which baseball, not soccer, is the people's favourite sport? Nicaragua What is the largest fresh water lake in North America? Lake Superior Which South American country was named after the Italian city of Venice? Venezuela How many rounds are there in an olympic boxing match? 4 The highest temperature ever recorded outside in the shade was recorded in Azizah, in Africa. In which country is this city located? Libya Which Hasbro `action figure` got its name from a Robert Mitchum film? G.I. Joe In which country is the highest mountain in South America? Argentina How many emirates make up the United Arab Emirates? 7 If you were putting numbers on new changing room lockers to be numbered from 1 to 100, how many times would you use the number 9? 20 Which famous group performed the first ever song on Top Of The Pops in 1964? The Rolling Stones Who wrote the novel Revolutionary Road, which was made into a successful feature film? Richard Yates Which supermodel is seen pole dancing in the White Stripes video for the song `I Just Don`t Know What To Do With Myself`? Kate Moss Which band has released albums titled `Word Gets Around`, `Just Enough Education To Perform` and `Pull The Pin`? Stereophonics In the Adrian Mole Diaries, what is the surname of his girlfriend? Braiwaithe Charlotte Edwards led England`s women to World Cup glory in which sport in March 2009? Cricket What is sake made from? Rice Affenpinscher, Keeshond and Leonberger are all types of what? Dog Who won the 2009 Rugby World Sevens Cup? Wales Who is the only player to win a Champion`s League medal, the Premiership and the FA Cup, and to be relegated from the Premiership without going on to play in the Championship? Kanu With which club did David Beckham make his football league debut? Preston North End Who is the host of the TV show Q.I.? Stephen Fry Anyone Can Fall In Love was a chart hit set to the theme tune of which TV show? EastEnders Who is the only character to appear in the first ever Coronation Street who is still in the show at 2009? Ken Barlow The film `Black Hawk Down` was loosely based on a true incident that took place in 1993 in which country? Somalia What word does the bird constantly repeat in Edgar Allan Poe`s classic poem `The Raven`? Nevermore In the board game `Risk`, what c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,352	Steve Martin and Goldie Hawn played an architect and waitress in which 1992 film?	HouseSitter (1992) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Con artist Gwen moves into Newton's empty house without his knowledge, and begins setting up house posing as his new wife. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 48 titles created 10 Jun 2011 a list of 49 titles created 12 Dec 2012 a list of 43 titles created 05 Feb 2013 a list of 43 titles created 13 Aug 2013 a list of 44 titles created 07 Apr 2015 Search for " HouseSitter " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. The remake of the 1970 Neil Simon comedy follows the adventures of a couple, Henry and Nancy Clark, vexed by misfortune while in New York City for a job interview. Director: Sam Weisman A cruel but beautiful heiress screws over a hired carpenter, who later is the first one to find her when she gets amnesia. Looking for a little revenge he convinces her that she's his wife. Director: Garry Marshall A sheltered young high society woman joins the United States Army on a whim and finds herself in a more difficult situation than she ever expected. Director: Howard Zieff Reunited by the death of a college friend, three divorced women seek revenge on the husbands who left them for younger women. Director: Hugh Wilson Based on the play "Cyrano de Bergerac", large nosed C.D. Bales falls for the beautiful Roxanne while she falls for his personality but another man's looks. Director: Fred Schepisi An old flame discovers her ex-boyfriend from the past is a relocated FBI informant out to stop the bad guys. Director: John Badham Two con men try to settle their rivalry by betting on who can swindle a young American heiress out of $50,000 first. Director: Frank Oz When a woman learns of an immortality treatment, she sees it as a way to outdo her long-time rival. Director: Robert Zemeckis The Buckmans are a midwestern family all dealing with their lives: estranged relatives, raising children, pressures of the job, and learning to be a good parent and spouse. Director: Ron Howard With the help of a talking freeway billboard, a "wacky weatherman" tries to win the heart of an English newspaper reporter, who is struggling to make sense of the strange world of early-90s Los Angeles. Director: Mick Jackson The US needs to convince the visiting emir Khala'ad of Othar to allow an American military base in his strategic realm. Clueless nightclub waitress Sunny Ann Davis accidentally spots and ... See full summary » Director: Herbert Ross Sgt. Bilko is in charge of the Motor Pool at an Army base. He's also a good-natured con man, providing gambling facilities for the soldiers on base. When an old enemy from his past shows up... See full summary » Director: Jonathan Lynn Edit Storyline Davis builds his dream house and presents it to Becky with a proposal of marriage. She turns him down. He leaves the house, still with a ribbon running around it and returns to the city, terribly smitten with Becky. He meets Gwen who has an interesting relationship with the truth. He spends the night with her, but leaves while she is sleeping. She takes his description of the house, searches it out, and moves in. The residents of Davis' home town become curious and she invents a marriage, a courtship, and and an entire history. Davis' parents meet Gwen and are immediately taken with her. By the time Davis finds out what has happened, 2 things have happened, the whole town thinks he's married, and Becky tells him that Gwen has made her see him in a whole new light. Gwen and Davis agree that she can pretend to be his wife and get free rent while Davis works on Becky until they can announce a divorce. The trouble is that no one in the town wants them to separate and keep trying to help ... Written by John Vogel <jlvogel@comcast.net> Steve Martin also plays an architect in	2002 Academy Awards® Winners Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron (2002) Treasure Planet (2002) Actor: ADRIEN BRODY in "The Pianist," Nicolas Cage in "Adaptation.," Michael Caine in "The Quiet American," Daniel Day-Lewis in "Gangs of New York," Jack Nicholson in "About Schmidt" Actress: NICOLE KIDMAN in "The Hours," Salma Hayek in "Frida," Diane Lane in "Unfaithful," Julianne Moore in "Far from Heaven," Renee Zellweger in "Chicago" Supporting Actor: CHRIS COOPER in "Adaptation.," Ed Harris in "The Hours," Paul Newman in "Road to Perdition," John C. Reilly in "Chicago," Christopher Walken in "Catch Me If You Can" Supporting Actress: CATHERINE ZETA-JONES in "Chicago," "Kathy Bates in "About Schmidt," Julianne Moore in "The Hours," Queen Latifah for "Chicago," Meryl Streep in "Adaptation." Director: ROMAN POLANSKI for "The Pianist," Rob Marshall for "Chicago," Martin Scorsese for "Gangs of New York," Stephen Daldry for "The Hours," Pedro Almodovar for "Talk to Her" This was the first year that the Academy Awards ceremony was broadcast in high-definition television. All five of the Best Picture nominees were released in the last two weeks of 2002 (December 18 or after). All of them were also set in the past. The most-nominated film of this year's Best Picture competitors, Chicago, with thirteen nominations, was also the Best Picture Oscar winner - and the film debut of choreographer and first-time feature director Rob Marshall. Chicago became the first musical to win the top honor since Oliver! (1968) - 34 years earlier. It marked the second-consecutive year that a live-action musical received a Best Picture nomination (last year's nominee was Moulin Rouge (2001)) - after a long spell of non-recognition for the genre - since Fiddler on the Roof (1971) and Cabaret (1972) were nominated back-to-back. Chicago won six Oscars from its thirteen nominations, mostly in minor categories: Best Picture, Best Supporting Actress (Catherine Zeta-Jones), Best Sound, Best Art Direction, Best Film Editing, and Best Costume Design. Its seven other nominations included three additional acting nominations (Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress, and Best Supporting Actor), Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay (Bill Condon), Best Cinematography, and Best Original Song ("I Move On"). [Chicago tied the record set by Mary Poppins (1964) of 13 nominations for a musical. Chicago's impressive nominations-total tied with seven other films having the same honor: All About Eve (1950) and Titanic (1997) each had 14 nominations.] Chicago was a musical drama and a screen adaptation of the hit, mid-70s Broadway musical Chicago from John Kander and Fred Ebb, originally directed and choreographed by Bob Fosse, and revived on Broadway in 1996. The sexy musical extravaganza, based on a 1926 play by Chicago Tribune reporter Maurine Dallas Watkins, told a tale of mid-1920s murderous passion involving two cold-blooded, cell-block chorus girls (Renee Zellweger and Catherine Zeta-Jones) who became rivals for tabloid celebrity status and fame. The other four Best Picture nominees included: Roman Polanski's harrowing, semi-autobiographical, dark WWII non-documentary tale, The Pianist (with seven nominations and three wins including Best Director, Best Acto	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,353	What became the name of the crime in which eleven thieves stole more than $2 million in a heist in Boston, Massachusetts, in January 1950?	The Great Brinks Robbery - 1950 Crime Magazine by Michael Thomas Barry On January 17, 1950, a team of eleven thieves, in a precisely timed and choreographed strike, steals more than $2 million from the Brinks Armored Car depot in Boston, Massachusetts. The Great Brinks Robbery, as it quickly became known, was the almost perfect crime. Ironically, only days before the statute of limitations were set to expire on the crime, the culprits were finally caught. Tony Pino, a lifelong criminal, was the mastermind behind the audacious theft. Together with Joe McGinnis, he assembled a group that meticulously planned the heist. They staked out the depot for a year and a half to figure out when it was holding the most money. Then, the gang stole the plans for the depot's alarm system and returned them before anyone noticed that they were missing. The criminal team held repeated rehearsals, with each man wearing blue coats and Halloween masks. On January 17th, they finally put their plan into action. Inside the counting room, the gang surprised the guards and tied up the employees. Multiple canvas bags, weighing more than half a ton, were filled with cash, coins, checks, and money orders. Within 30 minutes, the Brinks robbery team was gone, taking $2.7 million with them. Following the heist, the gang met and split the proceeds and all agreed to stay out of trouble for six years. They almost made it. However, one of the men, Specs O'Keefe, left his share with another member because he had to serve a prison sentence for another crime. O'Keefe, worried that he would be cheated out of his money, and indicated that he might begin to talk about the heist. The others decided to send a hit man to kill O'Keefe but he was only wounded, and the assassin was caught. O'Keefe made a deal with police and testified against the others. Eight participants in the Great Brinks Robbery were caught and convicted. However, only a small part of the money was ever recovered. Visit Michael Thomas Barry’s official author website – www.michaelthomasbarry.com and order his true crime book, Murder and Mayhem 52 Crimes that Shocked Early California 1849-1949, from Amazon or Barnes and Noble through the following links:	Mary Patricia Plangman Net Worth, Bio 2017-2016, Wiki - REVISED! - Richest Celebrities Home / Authors / Mary Patricia Plangman Net Worth Mary Patricia Plangman Net Worth How rich is Mary Patricia Plangman? Mary Patricia Plangman net worth: Under Review Mary Patricia Plangman profile links Mary Patricia Plangman profile links More net worths Mary Patricia Plangman net worth & biography: Patricia Highsmith (January 19, 1921 – February 4, 1995) was an American novelist and short story writer, most widely known for her psychological thrillers, which led to more than two dozen film adaptations. Her first novel, Strangers on a Train, has been adapted for stage and screen numerous times, notably by Alfred Hitchcock in 1951. In addition to her acclaimed series about murderer Tom Ripley, she wrote many short stories, often macabre, satirical or tinged with black humor. Although she wrote specifically in the genre of crime fiction, her books have been lauded by various writers and critics as being artistic and thoughtful enough to rival mainstream literature. Michael Dirda observed, "Europeans honored her as a psychological novelist, part of an existentialist tradition represented by her own favorite writers, in particular Dostoevsky, Conrad, Kafka, Gide, and Camus." Wikipedia More about Mary Patricia Plangman: Filmography The Two Faces of January 2014 based on the novel by A Mighty Nice Man The Cry of the Owl 2009 Once You Meet a Stranger 1996 TV Movie novel "Strangers on a Train" La rançon du chien novel "The Tremor of Forgery" Mistress of Suspense TV Series short story - 2 episodes, 1990 story "A Bird Poised to Fly - 1 episode, 1992 story "Under a Dark Angel's Eye" - 1 episode, 1992 story "Something the Cat Dragged In" - 1 episode, 1992 story "Something You Have to Live With" - 1 episode, 1990 novel - 1 episode, 1990 story "A Curious Suicide" - 1 episode, 1990 story "Blow It" - 1 episode, 1990 story "Slowly Slowly in the Wind" - 1 episode, 1990 story "Old Folks At Home" - 1 episode, 1990 story "The Stuff of Madness" - 1 episode The Story Teller TV Movie novel "The Cry of the Owl" The Cry of the Owl 1987 Die zwei Gesichter des Januar 1986 TV Series story - 1 episode Ediths Tagebuch TV Series novel - 2 episodes The South Bank Show TV Series documentary writer - 1 episode Eaux profondes TV Series novel - 6 episodes This Sweet Sickness novel based on "This Sweet Sickness", french title "Ce mal étrange"' The American Friend Once You Kiss a Stranger... 1969 novel "Strangers on a Train" - uncredited ITV Play of the Week 1967 TV Series writer - 1 episode The Wednesday Thriller TV Series writer - 1 episode Enough Rope TV Series novel - 1 episode Purple Noon novel "The Talented Mr Ripley/Monsieur Ripley" 77 Sunset Strip TV Series novel - 1 episode Jane Wyman Presents The Fireside Theatre 1957 TV Series story - 1 episode Climax! TV Series story - 1 episode Studio One in Hollywood TV Series novel "The Talented Mr. Ripley" - 1 episode, 1956 writer - 1 episode, 1956 Strangers on a Train The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999) Anthony Minghella Looks like we don't have Mary Patricia Plangman salary information. Sorry! Fact 1 In-between England (she lived in Suffolk from 1963 - 1967) and Switzerland (she moved to Switzerland in 1983), Patricia Highsmith spent many years living in France not far from Fontainebleau in a small village called Montcourt where she wrote her second, third and fourth of five Ripley sequels. Belle Ombre, Ripley's fictitious house, is located very close to Montcourt. Andrew Wilson wrote a biography on Highsmith called "Beautiful Shadow" a translation of Belle Ombre. 2 Her work enjoyed greater popularity in Europe than in the United States. 3 Spent much of her later life in solitude on a 200-year old farmhouse near Locarno, Switzerland, surrounded by books and cats. 4 Disliked being classified as a 'crime writer'. She is perhaps better described as an author of psychological thrillers, often examining people put into harrowing situations through seemingly innocuous catalysts. 5 Raised by her grandmother in Greenwich Village, an	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,354	According to the legend, in which city did the Pied Piper lure all the children away?	Pied Piper of Hameln The River Weser, deep and wide, Washes its wall on the southern side; A pleasanter spot you never spied; But, when begins my ditty, Almost five hundred years ago, To see townsfolk suffer so From vermin, was a pity. Rats! They fought the dogs, and killed the cats, And bit the babies in the cradles, And ate the cheeses out of the vats, And licked the soup from the cook's own ladles, Split open the kegs of salted sprats, Made nests inside men's Sunday hats, And even spoiled the women's chats, By drowning their speaking In fifty different sharps and flats. At last the people in a body To the Town Hall came flocking: "'Tis clear," cried they, "our Mayor's a noddy; And as for our Corporation -- shocking To think we buy gowns lined with ermine For dolts that can't or won't determine What's best to rid us of our vermin! You hope, because you're old and obese, To find in the furry civic robe ease? Rouse up, sirs! Give your brains a racking To find the remedy we're lacking, Or, sure as fate, we'll send you packing!" At this the Mayor and Corporation Quaked with a mighty consternation. An hour they sate in council, At length the Mayor broke silence: "For a guilder I'd my ermine gown sell, I wish I were a mile hence! It's easy to bid one rack one's brain -- I'm sure my poor head aches again I've scratched it so, and all in vain. Oh for a trap, a trap, a trap!" Just as he said this, what should hap At the chamber-door but a gentle tap? "Bless us," cried the Mayor, "What's that?" (With the Corporation as he sat, Looking little though wondrous fat; Nor brighter was his eye, nor moister Than a too-long-opened oyster, Save when at noon his paunch grew mutinous For a plate of turtle, green and glutinous.) "Only a scraping of shoes on the mat? Anything like the sound of a rat Makes my heart go pit-a-pat!" "Come in!" -- the Mayor cried, looking bigger: And in did come the strangest figure! His queer long coat from heel to head Was half of yellow and half of red; And he himself was tall and thin, With sharp blue eyes, each like a pin, And light loose hair, yet swarthy skin, No tuft on cheek nor beard on chin, But lips where smiles went out and in -- There was no guessing his kith and kin! And nobody could enough admire The tall man and his quaint attire. Quoth one: "It's as my great-grandsire, Starting up at the Trump of Doom's tone, Had walked this way from his painted tombstone!" He advanced to the council-table: And, "Please your honors," said he, "I'm able, By means of a secret charm, to draw All creatures living beneath the sun, That creep, or swim, or fly, or run, After me so as you never saw! And I chiefly use my charm On creatures that do people harm, The mole, and toad, and newt, and viper; And people call me the Pied Piper." (And here they noticed round his neck A scarf of red and yellow stripe, To match with his coat of selfsame cheque; And at the scarf's end hung a pipe; And his fingers, they noticed, were ever straying As if impatient to be playing Upon this pipe, as low it dangled Over his vesture, so old-fangled.) "Yet," said he "poor piper as I am, In Tartary I freed the Cham, Last June, from his huge swarms of gnats; I eased in Asia the Nizam Of a monstrous brood of vampire-bats: And, as for what your brain bewilders, If I can rid your town of rats Will you give me a thousand guilders?" "One? fifty thousand!" -- was the exclamation Of the astonished Mayor and Corporation. Into the street the Piper stept, Smiling first a little smile, As if he knew what magic slept In his quiet pipe the while; Then, like a musical adept, To blow the pipe his lips he wrinkled, And green and blue his sharp eyes twinkled Like a candle flame where salt is sprinkled; And ere three shrill notes the pipe uttered, You heard as if an army muttered; And the muttering grew to a grumbling; And the grumbling grew to a mighty rumbling; And out of the houses the rats came tumbling: Great rats, small rats, lean rats, brawny rats, Brown rats, black rats, grey rats, tawny rats, Grave old plodders, gay young friskers, Fathers, mothers, uncl	What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was th - Pastebin.com In what country can one find 40 species of lemurs? A: Madagascar. RAW Paste Data What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was the first motor race held that was classed as Formula 1? 1950 In the wild west, how was Henry McCarty better known? Billy The Kid How many stories did each of the World Trade Towers have? 110 What is the name of the cafe in Coronation Street? Roy's Rolls According to the BBC how many rooms are there in Buckingham Palace? 775 What is the busiest single-runway airport in the world? London Gatwick By number of films made, which country has the largest film industry? India Who lit the Olympic flame at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics? Muhammad Ali On what day of the year is St George's day held? 23rd of April The scientific unit lumen is used in the measurement of what? Light Which Apollo moon mission was the first to carry a lunar rover vehicle? Apollo 15 Who wrote the Twilight series of novels? Stephenie Meyer What is the capital of India? New Delhi Who wrote the poem 'The Owl and the Pussycat'? Edward Lear Which country had a secret police force known as the Tonton Macoute? Haiti In which city is the European Parliament based? Strasbourg Gala, Jonagold and Pink Lady are varieties of which fruit? Apple Which organ of the body is affected by Bright's Disease? Kidney What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin? 373 K What was the 1st human invention that broke the sound barrier? The whip What name was given to the Samurai code of honour? Bushido What colour is the bullseye on a standard dartboard? Red What song does the main character wake up to every morning in Groundhog Day? I Got You Babe What is the only Central American country in which baseball, not soccer, is the people's favourite sport? Nicaragua What is the largest fresh water lake in North America? Lake Superior Which South American country was named after the Italian city of Venice? Venezuela How many rounds are there in an olympic boxing match? 4 The highest temperature ever recorded outside in the shade was recorded in Azizah, in Africa. In which country is this city located? Libya Which Hasbro `action figure` got its name from a Robert Mitchum film? G.I. Joe In which country is the highest mountain in South America? Argentina How many emirates make up the United Arab Emirates? 7 If you were putting numbers on new changing room lockers to be numbered from 1 to 100, how many times would you use the number 9? 20 Which famous group performed the first ever song on Top Of The Pops in 1964? The Rolling Stones Who wrote the novel Revolutionary Road, which was made into a successful feature film? Richard Yates Which supermodel is seen pole dancing in the White Stripes video for the song `I Just Don`t Know What To Do With Myself`? Kate Moss Which band has released albums titled `Word Gets Around`, `Just Enough Education To Perform` and `Pull The Pin`? Stereophonics In the Adrian Mole Diaries, what is the surname of his girlfriend? Braiwaithe Charlotte Edwards led England`s women to World Cup glory in which sport in March 2009? Cricket What is sake made from? Rice Affenpinscher, Keeshond and Leonberger are all types of what? Dog Who won the 2009 Rugby World Sevens Cup? Wales Who is the only player to win a Champion`s League medal, the Premiership and the FA Cup, and to be relegated from the Premiership without going on to play in the Championship? Kanu With which club did David Beckham make his football league debut? Preston North End Who is the host of the TV show Q.I.? Stephen Fry Anyone Can Fall In Love was a chart hit set to the theme tune of which TV show? EastEnders Who is the only character to appear in the first ever Coronation Street who is still in the show at 2009? Ken Barlow The film `Black Hawk Down` was loosely based on a true incident that took place in 1993 in which country? Somalia What word does the bird constantly repeat in Edgar Allan Poe`s classic poem `The Raven`? Nevermore In the board game `Risk`, what c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,355	Before entering government, Neville Chamberlain was lord mayor of which city ?	Neville Chamberlain - Prime Minister, Government Official, Mayor - Biography.com Neville Chamberlain Neville Chamberlain was the British prime minister as Great Britain entered World War II. He is known for his policy of "appeasement" toward Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany. IN THESE GROUPS “I believe it is peace for our time ... peace with honour.” Neville Chamberlain Synopsis Neville Chamberlain was born on March 18, 1869, in Birmingham, England. He served as British prime minister from 1937 to 1940, and is best known for his policy of "appeasement" toward Adolf Hitler's Germany. He signed the Munich Agreement in 1938, relinquishing a region of Czechoslovakia to the Nazis. In 1939, Britain declared war on Germany. Chamberlain, who had lost political support, resigned in 1940 and died a few months later. Early Life Born in Birmingham, England, on March 18, 1869, Arthur Neville Chamberlain served as his country's leader in the years leading up to World War II and the early days of the war itself, and is best remembered for his policy of appeasement with Nazi Germany. His father, Joseph Chamberlain, was a successful businessman who held several government posts, including as mayor of Birmingham for a time. Neville Chamberlain had three sisters, Ethel, Ida and Hilda, as well as two older half-siblings, Beatrice and Austen, from his father's first marriage. He attended the Rugby School and then Mason College (now University of Birmingham). At the age of 21, Chamberlain went to the Bahamas to manage an estate there for several years. That business venture ultimately failed, but he had proven himself as a talented manager and businessman. Chamberlain found success in business after returning to England. Leading Political Figure In 1911, Neville Chamberlain won election to the Birmingham City Council—his first political post. He married Anne Vere Cole that same year, and the couple eventually had two children together, Dorothy and Francis. Chamberlain became Birmingham's lord mayor in 1915. Before long, he became a figure on the national political scene. Chamberlain won election to the House of Commons in 1918 as a member of the Conservative Party. He went on to serve as postmaster general and minister of health. In the mid-1920s, Chamberlain and his half-brother, Austen, both served on Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin's cabinet. In 1930, during a period of infighting among members of the Conservative Party, Chamberlain briefly became party chairman, until Stanley Baldwin regained control. He then used his talents for economics and business matters as chancellor of the exchequer. For six years, Chamberlain oversaw the country's financial policies. British Prime Minister Chamberlain became Britain's prime minister in 1937. Some of his early efforts focused on improving the lives of workers. The Factories Act of 1937 restricted the number of hours that children and women worked. The following year, Chamberlain supported the Holiday with Pay Act, which gave workers a week off with pay. However, his work on the domestic front was quickly overshadowed by growing foreign relations issues. Rather than challenge acts of aggression by Nazi Germany, Chamberlain sought ways to pacify Adolf Hitler. Chamberlain signed the Munich Pact in 1938, which gave parts of Czechoslovakia to Germany. Some have speculated that his desire to keep the peace was somewhat driven by Britain being outmatched by Germany's military at the time. Chamberlain seemed to have underestimated Hitler's ambitions. In March 1939, Hitler violated the Munich Pact by invading Czechoslovakia. Britain and France agreed to protect Poland later that month. After Hitler's forces entered Poland that September, Chamberlain officially declared war on Germany; this declaration came shortly after the invasion, but his slight delay in making this announcement negatively impacted Chamberlain's popularity. While he saw Britain through the early days of the war, Chamberlain found himself on the political decline. He resigned on May 10, 1940, and was succeeded by Winston Churchill as prime min	Appeasement Appeasement References Neville Chamberlain became Prime Minister of Britain on 28th May, 1937. Over the next two years Chamberlain's Conservative government became associated with the foreign policy that later became known as appeasement. Chamberlain believed that Germany had been badly treated by the Allies after it was defeated in the First World War . He therefore thought that the German government had genuine grievances and that these needed to be addressed. He also thought that by agreeing to some of the demands being made by Adolf Hitler of Germany and Benito Mussolini of Italy, he could avoid a European war. (1) Joachim von Ribbentrop was ambassador to London in August, 1936. His main objective was to persuade the British government not to get involved in Germany territorial disputes and to work together against the the communist government in the Soviet Union . During this period Von Ribbentrop told Hitler that the British "were so lethargic and paralyzed that they would accept without complaint any aggressive moves by Nazi Germany." (2) Neville Chamberlain and Appeasement According to Christopher Andrew , the author of Defence of the Realm: The Authorised History of MI5 (2010) MI5 were receiving information from a diplomat by the name of Wolfgang zu Putlitz , who was working in the German Embassy in London . Putlitz told MI5 that "He (Ribbentrop) regarded Mr Chamberlain as pro-German and said he would be his own Foreign Minister. While he would not dismiss Mr Eden he would deprive him of his influence at the Foreign Office. Mr Eden was regarded as an enemy of Germany." Putlitz constantly provided clear warnings that negotiations with Hitler and Rippentrop were likely to be fruitless and the only way to deal with Nazi Germany was to stand firm. Putlitz told MI5 that her policy of appeasement was "letting the trump cards fall out of her hands. If she had adopted, or even now adopted, a firm attitude and threatened war, Hitler would not succeed in this kind of bluff". (3) A few weeks before he officially became prime minister, Chamberlain arranged for Nevile Henderson to replace Eric Phipps as British ambassador to Berlin . Phipps had been warning of the dangers of Hitler and in his reports he gave ample and frequent warning of Nazi intentions to his superiors in London. He argued that Germany could only be contained "through accelerated and extensive British rearmament". (4) Chamberlain urged Henderson to "take the line of co-operation with Germany". (5) Henderson later recalled that Chamberlain "outlined to me his views on general policy towards Germany, and I think I may honestly say that to the last and bitter end I followed the general line which he set me." (6) There was some concern in the Foreign Office about the appointment of Henderson as some saw him as a political extremist and a supporter of Hitler. Oliver Harvey wrote in his diary: "I hope we are not sending another Ribbentrop to Berlin." (7) Before leaving for Germany, Nevile Henderson read a copy of Hitler's Mein Kampf . "Though it was in parts turgid and prolix and would have been more readable if it had been condensed to a third of its length, it struck me at the time as a remarkable production on the part of a man whose education and political experience appeared to have been as slight, on his own showing, as Herr Hitler's." (8) On 1st June, 1937, Henderson attended a banquet arranged by the German-English Society of Berlin. A large number of leading Nazis were in attendance when he made a speech where he defended Adolf Hitler and urged the British people to "lay less stress on Nazi dictatorship and much more emphasis on the great social experiment which is being tried out in this country." (9) This speech provoked an uproar and some left-wing journalists described him as "our Nazi ambassador at Berlin". However, some newspaper editors, including Geoffrey Dawson , the editor of The Times , supported this approach to Nazi Germany . In the House of Commons the Conservative Party MP, Alfred Knox offered congratulations "to HM Ambassador	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,356	Which drug can be found in tonic water?	Is Quinine in Tonic Water Safe? - The People's Pharmacy Loading... Is Quinine in Tonic Water Safe? The pros and cons of quinine make tonic water a challenging choice for many people in their fight against leg cramps. What else works for muscle cramps? Terry Graedon The People's Pharmacy October 11, 2010 Alternative Health 200 Comments Quinine is bitter. It gives tonic water a distinctive flavor. Not that long ago you could buy quinine pills over the counter in most pharmacies under brand names like Legatrin, Quinamm and Q-vel. But the Food and Drug Administration banned the use of OTC quinine to treat leg cramps in 1994. Although this drug has been available for centuries, the FDA has determined that it is far too dangerous to use for anything but malaria. See this link for more information on the ban. Quinine Dangers The trouble is that some people are extremely sensitive to quinine’s toxic effects. This drug can cause headache, rash, ringing in the ears, nausea, dizziness and blurred vision. The most serious reactions are rare but can be life threatening. Blood disorders can lead to hemorrhaging. Dozens of hospitalizations and two deaths are linked to the drug. The FDA ordered drug companies to stop selling quinine for anything but malaria in 2007. Only one product was allowed. Qualaquin can be prescribed by physicians but the cost is high. One pill of Qualaquin could cost over $6. That could make sense for a drug to treat malaria, which is rare in the US. Muscle cramps are anything but rare. Any physician who prescribes Qualaquin for leg cramps could risk the wrath of the FDA. On July 8, 2010, the agency issued the following warning. “The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today warned that the unapproved use of the malaria drug Qualaquin (quinine sulfate) to treat night time leg cramps has resulted in serious side effects and prompted the manufacturer to develop a risk management plan aimed at educating health care professionals and patients about the potential risks. “Qualaquin is not FDA-approved to treat or prevent night time leg cramps. “A review of reports submitted to the FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) between April 2005 and Oct. 1, 2008, found 38 U.S. cases of serious side effects associated with the use of quinine, the active drug in Qualaquin. “Quinine use resulted in serious and life-threatening reactions in 24 cases, including low level of platelets in the blood (thrombocytopenia), and hemolytic uremic syndrome/thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a blood disorder that results in clots in small blood vessels around the body that can be accompanied by kidney impairment. “In some patients, these side effects resulted in permanent kidney impairment and hospitalization. Two patients died. Most of those reporting serious side effects took the drug to prevent or treat leg cramps or restless leg syndrome.” What about Tonic Water? Clearly, quinine can be dangerous for certain people, but the FDA has not banned quinine from tonic water. To do so would make the FDA a laughing stock. It would also aggravate millions of people who like gin and tonic…or just plain tonic. It is an acquired taste, but some people really like it. It’s also possible that the FDA doesn’t consider tonic water a danger to public health. Because of this loophole, many people have discovered that drinking tonic water can help prevent muscle cramps. One reader related her experience: “I suffered with nightly leg cramps until one magic day on the Greek island Santorini. I had gone on tour as a guest singer of the New York Choral Society. One free afternoon, a group of us went to a black sand beach where I swam. The only other member of the group who also swam was a New York trauma surgeon. I developed a cramp and was trying to walk it out when he told me about Schweppes tonic, which contains a very small amount of quinine. “I couldn’t find any tonic on Santorini or in Athens, but as soon as I returned home I started drinking a large glass (diet, with cranberry) every night. It has worked for me for several years, but I definitely know	Tredegar Forum - uncle bobs quiz 2 the answers Tredegar Forum 1) Which naturally occurring substance measures a maximum ten on Moh's Scale of Hardness � Diamond 2) What is the name of the target object in the game of bowls � Jack 3) Which group's first hit was Seven Seas of Rhye in 1974 � Queen 4) What is the name given to an unreturnable serve in a game of tennis or badminton � Ace 5) What is the name of the largest extinct volcano known- Olympus Mons (it's on mars) 6) What was the name of the wife of convicted serial killer Dr Harold Shipman�who murdered over 200 OAP's in his home town of Hyde in Cheshire � Primrose 7) Which part of the eye gives it colour � Iris 8) In Greek Mythology who fell in love with his own reflection � Narcissus 9) What is the name of the character played by Patricia Routledge in �Keeping Up Appearances� � Hyacinth Bucket 10) What was the highest mountain before Everest was discovered? still Everest 11) According to the nursery rhyme, what was used to fix Jack�s head after he fell down the hill � Vinegar & Brown Paper 12) In which Disney animation does the character of Thomas O�Malley appear � �The Aristocats� 13) Which 70�s Children�s TV programme was based around the adventures of some children with an abandoned London Bus � �The Double Deckers� 14) Which of the seven dwarves wore glasses � Doc 15) Who was head of the Clanger family � Major Clanger16) Who was head of the Wombles family � Great Uncle Bulgaria 17) What breed of dog is �Scooby Doo� � Great Dane 18) Which comic book character scored over 5000 goals in a career that lasted from 1954 � 1993 � Roy Of the Rovers (Roy Race) 19) What is the motto of the Boy Scouts � �Be Prepared� 20) What is the motto of the Girl Guides � �Be Prepared� look out for uncle bobs quiz 3 answers next Saturday	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,357	Who played the part of the cook 'Mrs Bridges', in the TV series 'Upstairs, Downstairs'?	"Upstairs, Downstairs" Reviews & Ratings - IMDb IMDb trailers and videos full cast and crew trivia official sites memorable quotes Overview 66 out of 68 people found the following review useful: Goosey goosey gander, wither shall I wander? Upstairs anddownstairs and in my lady's chamber... from London 3 July 2001 It is a widely held belief that Upstairs Downstairs was television at its finest, and the most popular tv drama in the world. But why precisely is so good? It is almost entirely studio bound and looks like it should be just another worthy but squeaky clean period drama. This is why it is very hard to convince anyone unfamiliar with the series of why it is so special. But John Hawkesworth, the producer, believed television was electronic theatre, not second rate film, and this allows the stories to concentrate on words, emotions and intense acting. The grittiness of the series, the performances and its skill at depicting human emotions were its chief assets. Gordon Jackson's magnificent character performance as Hudson is a display of a modest, warm actor who made a character who stood for all he disliked totally loveable. David Langton's charming, liberal Richard Bellamy was a far less snobbish and severe man than his butler, but his first wife, the statuesque Lady Marjorie certainly made up for him. Simon Williams' portrayal of Lord Lucan lookalike James Bellamy showed real development over the years, the haughty, caddish son who is changed forever by the war and plays his final episode "All The King's Horses" nothing short of brilliantly. Lesley Anne-Down and Jacqueline Tong's introduction, the Christmas story "Goodwill To All Men" in many ways sums the series up, combining a devastating look at the London poor with the escapist charm of a traditional Edwardian Christmas, leading to a bittersweet conclusion offering an idyllic scene of Georgina being giving her presents as the snow falls outside, just after her grandmother's wise observation that her outing to help the needy was more out of a need for adventure than real charity. If the first season was the series finding its feet and the second was it settling down to more of the same, the third season is the oddest of them all. It reflects a period of change both in pre-war Britain and behind the scenes, as Elizabeth and Lady Marjorie were both written out at the actors' requests. This leaves the upstairs structure of the house unsettled, and the series is dark and sombre, as James' doomed marriage and Richard's bereavement make the house seem a far cry from the high society gatherings and royal dinners of the early seasons. Although the fourth series, which depicts the war years so powerfully is considered the best, I would personally dispute this. Good as it is, what is most interestiung is the fifth series, as Britain's social structure is collapsing, and the full impact of the war is felt. The roarring twenties try to blot out the horrors of the trenches but leave James and many like him haunted, directionless, forgotten and despairing. The fifth series also introduces a new wife for Richard in the form of the delectable Hannah Gordon. Her interpretation of Virginia is a joy to watch; beautiful, witty and poetic. The daring storylines provide all the characters with moments to shine in, from Lady Marjorie's adultery in the excellent "Magic Casements" which deals unconventionally with an age-old theme, to the heartbreaking "I Dies From Love" which details the suicide of a kitchen maid. The sexual attitudes of the day were explored in "A Suitable Marriage", the bleak "A Cry For Help" and the astonishing "Whom God Hath Joined." Some of the wildest plotlines should not have worked but did, such as Hudson's hopeless affair with a parlour maid in "Disillusion" and Mrs Bridges' breakdown in "Why Is Her Door Locked?" There are really only two unsuccessful episodes of the entire sixty eight, but many masterpieces. "The Glorious Dead" and "Another Year" are devastating essays on the tragedies of the war, and "Distant Thunder" is a superbly claustrophobic episode, a	NOEL CLARKE AS WYMAN IAN NORRIS, CHRISTOPHER FAIRBANK AS ALBERT ARTHUR MOXEY, TIM HEALY AS DENNIS L. PATTERSON, JIMMY NAIL AS LEONARD JEFFREY 'OZ' OSBORNE, PAT ROACH AS BRIAN 'BOMBER' BUSBRIDGE, TIMOTHY SPALL AS BARRY SPENCER TAYLOR, KEVIN WHATELY AS NEVILLE HOPE FROM AUF WIEDERSEHEN, PET #1 - COLOUR Movie Photo - MEDIUM Size Print - SIZE 14x11" (36x28cm): Amazon.co.uk: Kitchen & Home Have one to sell? Sell on Amazon Image Unavailable Image not available for Colour: NOEL CLARKE AS WYMAN IAN NORRIS, CHRISTOPHER FAIRBANK AS ALBERT ARTHUR MOXEY, TIM HEALY AS DENNIS L. PATTERSON, JIMMY NAIL AS LEONARD JEFFREY 'OZ' OSBORNE, PAT ROACH AS BRIAN 'BOMBER' BUSBRIDGE, TIMOTHY SPALL AS BARRY SPENCER TAYLOR, KEVIN WHATELY AS NEVILLE HOPE FROM AUF WIEDERSEHEN, PET #1 - COLOUR Movie Photo - MEDIUM Size Print - SIZE 14x11" (36x28cm)	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,358	Who won the FIFA World Cup for Association Football in Germany in 2006?	2006 FIFA World Cup \| Football Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia 2006 FIFA World Cup Share Cup stub This article about 2006 FIFA World Cup is a stub , an article too short to provide more than rudimentary information about a subject. You can help The Football Wiki by expanding it . 2006 FIFA World Cup 2010 → The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th FIFA World Cup , the quadrennial international football world championship tournament. It was held from 9 June to 9 July 2006 in Germany, which won the right to host the event in July 2000. Teams representing 198 national football associations from all six populated continents participated in the qualification process which began in September 2003. Thirty-one teams qualified from this process, along with the host nation, Germany , for the finals tournament. Italy won the tournament, claiming their fourth World Cup title. They defeated France 5–3 in a penalty shootout in the final, after extra time had finished in a 1–1 draw. Germany defeated Portugal 3–1 to finish in third place. Angola, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Serbia & Montenegro, Trinidad & Tobago and Togo made their first appearances in the finals. The 2006 World Cup stands as one of the most watched events in television history, garnering an estimated 26.29 billion non-unique viewers, compiled over the course of the tournament. The final attracted an estimated audience of 715.1 million people. The 2006 World Cup ranks fourth in non-unique viewers, behind the World Cup in 1994 , 2002 , and 1990 . As the winner, Italy represented the World in the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup . Contents – – The success of Germany's bid was marred by a hoax bribery affair which even led to calls for a re-vote. On the night before the vote, German satirical magazine Titanic sent letters to FIFA representatives, offering joke gifts like cuckoo clocks and Black Forest ham in exchange for their vote for Germany. Oceania delegate Charlie Dempsey, who had initially backed England, had then been instructed to support South Africa following England's elimination. He abstained, citing "intolerable pressure" on the eve of the vote. Had Dempsey voted as originally instructed, the vote would have resulted with a 12–12 tie, and FIFA president Sepp Blatter , who favoured the South African bid, would have had to cast the deciding vote. Qualification Main article: 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification 198 teams attempted to qualify for the 2006 World Cup. Germany, the host nation, was granted automatic qualification, with the remaining 31 finals places divided among the continental confederations. Thirteen places were contested by UEFA teams (Europe), five by CAF teams (Africa), four by CONMEBOL teams (South America), four by AFC teams (Asia), and three by CONCACAF teams (North and Central America and Caribbean). The remaining two places were decided by playoffs between AFC and CONCACAF and between CONMEBOL and OFC (Oceania). Eight nations qualified for the finals for the first time: Angola , Czech Republic , Ghana , Ivory Coast , Togo , Trinidad and Tobago , Ukraine , and Serbia and Montenegro . Czech Republic and Ukraine were making their first appearance as independent nations, but had previously been represented as part of Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union respectively; Serbia and Montenegro had competed as Yugoslavia in 1998, as well as making up part of Yugoslav teams from 1930 to 1990. As of 2014, this was the last time Tunisia , Saudi Arabia , Togo, Angola, Czech Republic, Poland , Ukraine and Trinidad and Tobago qualified for a FIFA World Cup finals. Australia qualified for the first time since 1974. Among the teams who failed to qualify were 2002 third-placed team Turkey and Euro 2004 winners Greece . Additionally, Belgium failed to qualify for the first time since 1978, and Cameroon failed to qualify for the first time since 1986. For the first time since the 1982 World Cup, all six confederations were represented at the finals tournament. List of qualified teams Countries that did not enter World Cup Country not a FIFA member Venues In 2006, Germany had a	BBC SPORT \| Football \| Gerrard named player of the year Gerrard named player of the year It is the first time Gerrard has won the prestigous award Liverpool captain Steven Gerrard has claimed the Professional Footballers' Association Player of the Year award. It is the first time the 25-year-old has been named player of the year by his peers, although he was Young Player of the Year in 2001. Gerrard, who a day earlier helped Liverpool win their FA Cup semi-final, said: "I am still in shock. "To go through to another FA Cup final and win this special award in the same weekend is fantastic for me." Wayne Rooney, the 20-year-old Manchester United striker, won the PFA Young Player of the Year award for the second successive season. PFA PLAYER OF THE YEAR 1996: Les Ferdinand (Newcastle) 2000: Roy Keane (Man Utd) 2001: Teddy Sheringham (Man Utd) 2002: Ruud van Nistelrooy (Man Utd) 2003: Thierry Henry (Arsenal) 2005: John Terry (Chelsea) 2006: Steven Gerrard (Liverpool) Rooney had been a contender for the senior player of the year prize - along with Gerrard, Arsenal striker Thierry Henry and the Chelsea trio Joe Cole, Frank Lampard and John Terry, who won last year. Gerrard was third in last season's vote but then went on to guide the Reds to Champions League victory against AC Milan in Istanbul. Players receive two votes and Gerrard revealed that he had voted for Henry and England team-mate Rooney. Manchester United star Rooney said he was pleased to again pick up the young player prize. "To win it twice on the run is a great honour and I am delighted with the award," Rooney said. He beat off competition from Charlton striker Darren Bent, team-mate Cristiano Ronaldo, Tottenham's Aaron Lennon, Arsenal midfielder Cesc Fabregas and West Ham defender Anton Ferdinand. Rooney added: "I voted for Fabregas, but it was close between him and Darren Bent." PFA YOUNG PLAYER OF THE YEAR 1996: Robbie Fowler (Liverpool) 2005: Wayne Rooney (Manchester Utd) 2006: Wayne Rooney (Manchester Utd) It was no surprise that champions Chelsea had the most players named in the Premiership Team of the Year in the shape of John Terry, William Gallas, Joe Cole and Frank Lampard. Newcastle's Shay Given was picked in goal while Wigan full-back Pascal Chimbonda was also included after a solid season for Paul Jewell's side. But Wigan star Chimbonda fears it has come too late to land him a place in France's World Cup squad. He said: "I have not given up hope. The window is still open, but the manager tends to look at the bigger players at the bigger clubs. "Maybe he did not think Wigan would do as well as they have, so in that respect it will hardly be a surprise if I don't make it. "But it's such a big honour. To make it into the PFA team means it has been a fantastic season, with a lot of pleasure derived from the fact the team have stayed up. "To do so well has been a massive surprise. I was expecting a battle against relegation, so the way the season has gone, it has been far beyond my expectations." Player of the Year: Young Player of the Year: Wayne Rooney (Manchester United) Premiership Team of the Year: Shay Given (Newcastle), Pascal Chimbonda (Wigan), John Terry (Chelsea), Jamie Carragher (Liverpool), William Gallas (Chelsea), Steven Gerrard (Liverpool), Frank Lampard (Chelsea), Joe Cole (Chelsea), Cristiano Ronaldo (Manchester United), Thierry Henry (Arsenal), Wayne Rooney (Manchester United). Championship Team of the Year: Marcus Hahnemann (Reading), Gary Kelly (Leeds), Ibrahima Sonko (Reading), Joleon Lescott (Wolves), Nicky Shorey (Reading), Steve Sidwell (Reading), Ashley Young (Watford), Phil Jagielka (Sheffield United), Jason Koumas (Cardiff), Marlon King (Watford), Kevin Doyle (Reading) League One Team of the Year: Darryl Flahavan (Southend), Greg Halford (Colchester), Sam Sodje (Brentford), Adam Barrett (Southend), Gareth Roberts (Tranmere), Neil Danns (Colchester), Andy Robinson (Swansea), Kevin Maher (Southend) Michael McIndoe (Doncaster), Lee Trundle (Swansea), Billy Sharp (Scunthorpe). League Two Team of the Year: Joe Hart (Shrewsbury), Da	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,359	What is the name of the two handled vaulting horse used in gymnastics	History of Gymnastics \| iSport.com History of Gymnastics History of Gymnastics Gymnastics is one of the most popular Olympic sports. It combines grace, beauty, athleticism, and strength in a thrilling display of competition that has captivated fans since the debut of the modern Olympic Games. Soldier Requirement Gymnastics formally originated in ancient Greece, where it was used by soldiers to get ready for war. The skills and strength needed to perform gymnastic moves-running, jumping, tumbling, mounting and dismounting horses-were all thought to be great assets to those battling on the war field. As a result, gymnastics became a vital component of Greek education. It was mandatory for all students to practice the sport and eventually the gymnasiums developed into schools where gymnastics, music, and mathematics were all taught and perfected. And as the Roman Empire gained power and ascended to the Greek peninsula, Greek gymnastics evolved into nothing more than glorified military training. This tradition continued across centuries and continents. In the early 19th century, the United States Military began adopting gymnastics for their own training programs. By the 20th century, the US Army had a mandatory list of drills for soldiers to practice, a culmination of gymnastic maneuvers targeted to build muscles and strengthen active young men. In the beginning of the 20th century, however, militaries around the world began to focus on a different kind of strength-advanced technology, equipment and arsenals of weaponry. As a result, gymnastics lost its power as a military training tool and eventually became a respected sport in its own right. Modern Day Apparatus is Born The sport of modern gymnastics really began to develop in the late 18th to early 19th centuries. During this time, two physical educators named Johann Friedrich GutsMuth and Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, designed the now familiar apparatuses like the horizontal bar, parallel bars, side horse with pommels, balance beam, and vaulting horse. Boys were taught how to perform specific activities on each different apparatus and with such technique specification, the sport of gymnastics was born. For this reason, Freidrich Jahn is known as the "father of gymnastics." In the 1920s, women could only compete in synchronized calisthenics. It wasn't until 1952 that all women were eligible to compete in a wider variety of gymnastic events. The International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) formed in 1891 and five years later, gymnastics was included in the first modern Olympic Games, where Germany dominated and took home almost every medal in the competition. Women first started participating in gymnastic events in the 1920s and were first included in the Olympics in the 1928 Games held in Amsterdam. Gymnastics is Standardized In 1954, the sport was standardized to regulate the different events and apparatuses for women and men. Men's gymnastics was set to include both individual and team events with the following apparatuses: Floor, horizontal bar, parallel bars, still rings, pommel horse, and vault. Women were allowed to compete in four events as individuals and as a team: Vault, balance beam, uneven parallel bars, and floor. The ten to one scoring system was also introduced that same year and by 1955, modern gymnastics had become the sport we recognize today. In 1962, rhythmic gymnastics was recognized by FIG as a legal competition. However, it wasn't until the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles that it officially became an Olympic event. Trampoline was added as an official Olympic sport in the 2000 Sydney Games. Both rhythmic gymnastics and trampoline fall under the athletic umbrella of gymnastics. The Perfect 10 For years, the sport of gymnastics was considered a strength sport for men and a grace sport for women-men would score high for their extreme power and physicality, and women would score high for their grace and artistic flourish. In 1972, however, that double standard changed when a 17-year old Soviet gymnast named Olga Korbut burst onto the gymnastic scene. She was the	Pegasus Pegasus Clues to the meaning of this celestial feature Pegasus (Greek Pegasos) is the winged white horse, son of Poseidon in the shape of a horse. At birth Pegasus sprang forth from the bloody neck of the Gorgon Medusa ( Algol ) when she was beheaded by the hero Perseus . A spring was created when Pegasus' hooves struck the earth on Mount Helicon, the fabled spring of Hippocrene, at the behest of Poseidon to prevent the mountain swelling too much. Pegasus was tamed by Bellerophon who rode him into battle against the fire-breathing Chimera. Later Bellerophon attempted to fly to Mt. Olympus, the home of the gods, on the back of Pegasus. The gods sent a gadfly to sting Pegasus causing the horse to buck, throwing Bellerophon back down to earth. Pegasus, freed of his burden, continued to wing his way to Mt. Olympus where he took a place in the stables of Zeus/Jupiter. One of his wing feathers fell to earth close to Tarsus giving the city its name. It is said that Pegasus bears for Jupiter the lightning and thunder. Pegasus was a great favorite with the nine Muses who gathered around the Mount Helicon spring to sing and dance, for its water was said to bring poetic inspiration. Read what writers of myth have written on Pegasus on this Theoi Project webpage Hevelius, Firmamentum, 1690, depicts the head of Aquarius (Ganymedes) encroaching onto the heads of the two horses; Pegasus and Equuleus . This might have significance: To compensate the father of Ganymedes, King Laomedon of Troy, for abducting his son Zeus gave him two horses [ 1 ]. Allen ( Star Names ) says that some of the mythologists said that Equuleus represented Cyllarus, given to Pollux by Juno. In myth the Gemini Twins ride two horses "the immortal steeds Cyllarus and Harpagus" [ 2 ]. It seems that Equuleus is Cyllarus, and Harpagus must be Pegasus. Johann Bode, Uranographia, 1801 In myth Pegasus carries the thunderbolts of Zeus. Pegasus, also called Sonipes, 'Noisy-footed', "becoming the Thundering Horse of Jove that carried the divine lightning" [ Star Names ]. There is a type of fish, called the 'pegasus sea moth ' of the family Pegasidae. Their horselike face, coupled with pectoral fins that spread horizontally like a pair of wings. They live in monogamous pairs, scratching the sand on the ocean floor. The specialized morphology of the pectoral fins enlarges and form 'wings' which they use to 'fly' through the water. Captive individuals have also been observed shedding their entire skin in one piece with a rapid jump every few days [ 3 ]. To jump out of skin is a metaphor for excitement, or shock. "But when Perseus had cut off the head of Medousa [Medusa, see Algol ] there sprang from her blood stout-hearted Khrysaor and the horse Pegasos so named from the 'pegai' (springs) of Okeanos, where he was born" [Hesiod, Theogony 280 4 ] The word Pegasus is believed to be related to Greek pegai, or pege, a spring, Greek pegazo, 'spring forth' or 'to gush forth' [ 5 ]. Pegasus caused springs to gush forth as he pawed the earth with his hoof, on Mount Helicon, and another on Hippocrene ('horse spring'). There is a phonetic similarity between the English word 'peg', and Greek pege, spring. One of the uses for pegs is to determine the levels of underground water or springs; English peg comes from German pegel, 'gauge rod, watermark'; hence a semantic correspondence between these words. Another meaning of peg is a nail, horses have one toe and one large nail on each foot. A peg can also be a nail for hanging things on. Pegasus is a horse that is particularly associated with using his hooves, it was with his hoof that he scratched (ungula rupit) or scraped the surface of the ground and caused the springs to gush forth. Called Sonipes, 'Noisy-footed', "as his hooves could be heard thundering across the skies in a storm". Pegasus, so named from the Gree	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,360	What sport uses a mallet and wickets?	United States Croquet Association — Rules Figure 1: Court Setup The Court A backyard croquet court doesn't have to be a perfectly manicured lawn, but short grass provides the best playing surface. If you have room, the official full-size court is a rectangle, 100 feet long by 50 feet wide. For backyard play you can adjust the size and shape of the court to fit the available space. Use string or chalk to mark definite boundaries if you choose, or just mark the corners with flags or stakes. The Wickets and Stakes The nine wickets and two stakes are arranged in a double-diamond pattern as shown in the diagram. If you are playing on a smaller court, the distances shown should be scaled down in proportion to the length and width of the court. The wickets should be firmly planted in the ground, and the width of the wickets should be uniform throughout the court. The Balls For a two- or four-player, two-sided game, you need four balls. The colors usually used are blue, red, black, and yellow. One side (with one or two players) plays with blue and black, and the other with red and yellow. For a six-player team game, you need six balls. In team play, one side plays blue, black, and green, and the other side plays red, yellow, and orange. In "one-ball" games, you need one ball per player. The Mallets Each player uses a mallet. Only the striking (end) face may be used to strike a ball, unless the players have agreed to allow the use of "side" shots or other shot-making variations. Optional Accessories You can use colored clips or clothespins to mark the next wicket your ball must go through. The clip is picked up when a wicket is scored, then placed on the ball's next wicket at the end of the turn. You can use string or "chalk" to mark boundaries of the court, or just designate "off the grass" as a boundary. Object of the game The object of the game is to advance your ball through the course scoring points for each wicket and stake in the correct order and direction. The winner is the first side to score 14 wicket points and 2 stake points for each of its balls. In a timed game if the time expires, the team with the most points at the end of the time period wins. The players take turns, and only one plays at a time. At the beginning of a turn the player (called the "striker") has one shot. After that shot the turn ends, unless a bonus shot is earned by scoring a wicket or stake or by hitting another ball. The turn ends when the player has no more bonus shots to play or has finished the course by scoring the finishing stake. The striker may directly hit with the mallet only the ball he or she is playing in that turn (the "striker ball"). A has not started to score the wicket. B has started to score the wicket. C has not scored the wicket. D has scored the wicket. Scoring Wicket and Stake Points Each ball can score wicket and stake points for its side only by going through a wicket or hitting a stake in the proper order and direction. Going through a wicket out of order or in the wrong direction is not counted as a point gained or lost. A ball caused to score its wicket or stake during another ball’s turn earns the point for its side, but no bonus shot is earned as a result. A ball scores a wicket point only if it comes to rest clear of the playing side of the wicket. If a ball passes through a wicket but rolls back, it has not scored the wicket. If a ball travels backwards through its wicket to get position, it must be clear of the non-playing side to then score the wicket in the correct direction. Because wickets can be loose in the ground, it’s best not to run the side if the mallet head up or down either plane of the wicket. It’s always better to use your judgement sighting by eye. Bonus shots The striker earns one bonus shot if the striker ball scores a wicket or hits the turning stake. The striker earns two bonus shots if the striker ball hits another ball (a "roquet"). You are “dead” on a ball for extra shots until you clear your next wicket or on the start of your next turn which	BBC - Manchester - Sport - 150 not out! You are in: Manchester > Sport > cricket > 150 not out! The original Old Trafford pavilion 150 not out! As Old Trafford Cricket Ground celebrates its 150th birthday, we had a trawl through its history to come up with 15 facts that you might not know about the grand old ground and the matches played there. 1 - The ground was originally home to Manchester Cricket Club, as the county side wasn’t actually founded until 1864 2 - Though the first county committee voted for Lancashire to play all round the county, the club’s first secretary, Sam Swire, was opposed to the idea and held the opinion that Old Trafford should be the ground for all matches. Queues outside the 1971 Gillette Cup semi final 3 – The first County Championship game was played at the ground on 20, 21 and 22 July 1865 against Middlesex. Lancashire won the match by 62 runs. 4 – Despite the first pavilion being built in 1857, the Victorian class distinctions meant the professionals liked to be reminded of their status by using a small room on the opposite side of the ground, simply because it was the popular side. As a result, it was only the amateurs that used the spacious dressing room and, as a result, ran out from the pavilion. Old Trafford: the history in pictures > 5 – In the early years, lady subscribers to Lancashire County Cricket Club weren’t allowed in the pavilion, so a tent was set up at Old Trafford to accommodate them! 6 – The first test match was held at Old Trafford on 10, 11 and 12 July 1884, where England and Australia drew. Almost inevitably, the first day was rained off. In recent years, Old Trafford has hosted concerts 7 - In the Test match at Old Trafford on 26 July to 28 July 1909, Frank Laver had what the cricket almanac Wisden described as "a great day against England", taking 8 wickets for 31 runs in the first innings. It stood as a Test record at the ground until 1956. 8 – In 1956, Old Trafford saw possibly its most famous moment, as Jim Laker became the first person to take all 10 wickets in a Test match innings; achieving figures of 10 for 53 in the fourth Test against Australia. Laker also took 9 for 37 in the first innings, ending the match with record figures of 19 for 90. Share your favourite Old Trafford memories > 9 – In 1971, the Gillette Cup semi-final between Lancashire and Gloucestershire was completed in near-darkness. At around 8.45pm, with Lancashire needing 25 off the final 5 overs, David Hughes hit 24 off a single over and set up the victory. 10 – In 1984, Sir Vivian Richards scored an amazing 189 not out for the West Indies in a one-day international against England. 11 – In 1993, Shane Warne delivered what has been called the “ball of the century” to capture the wicket of England’s Mike Gatting. Sometimes, the rain does stop play! 12 – It’s not just famous cricketers that have earned their crust at Old Trafford. On stage at his concert at the ground in 2004, Morrissey revealed that he had worked in the box office there in his youth. 13 – During England’s successful 2005 Ashes campaign, the Old Trafford test, having been disrupted by rain, went to a fifth day. So many people turned up to watch the game that thousands had to be locked out of the ground. 14 – The ground has a County capacity of 15,000, which rises to 22,000 for Test matches thanks to the erection of temporary stands. 15 - When Sophia Gardens in Cardiff holds its first test in 2009, it will take over from Old Trafford as the wettest test cricket venue in England and Wales!	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,361	Which North Wales town is included in the name of a pop star who had a Number One hit with It's Only Make Believe in 1958?	It's Behind You - Popstars in Panto! Popstars in Panto! In 2011 Rapper and Pop Star Vanilla Ice appeared in pantomime as Captain Hook. This year also found Tony � Amarillo Windsor . As with everything Pantomime, there is nothing new in having a music celebrity star in the show. The convention goes back a good fifty odd years at the very least. The 1960�s saw a new wave of panto performers- The Pop Singer. The Flagship of British Pantomime at that time, The London Palladium had heralded the rise of the Male Principal Boy as Pop Singer- a trend that swept theatres around the UK . Rock and Roll might be competition for Variety, but Pantomime quickly embraced it and showcased it within its variety based format. The Age Of The Pop Star Panto was here to stay throughout the �Swinging 60�s and in to the Seventies.- and beyond. The Palladium Pantomimes - Rise of the Pop Idol in Panto. An early Palladium panto starring a recording artist was in 1957. David Whitfield: The 1950�s Singing Star appeared in Robinson Crusoe at the Palladium 1957 opposite Tommy Cooper and Arthur Askey with Patricia Perkins and Joseph Layode. He made several other pantomime appearances during his career. Teddy Johnson replaced him in rehearsals for The Alex Birmingham shortly before teaming up with Pearl Carr. Fifties singer Joan Regan�s career took her pre pop to the Beatles and beyond. Joan Regan- Joan starred in �Puss In Boots� at The London Palladium in 1962 alongside recording star Frankie Vaughan and comedian Dick Emery. Frankie Vaughan was the current pop idol of that age, and Joan was an established recording star. Joan also appeared in Liverpool at the Empire theatre alongside rising new star Lynda Barron- this was either 1956 or 1958. Joan Regan (born in Romford 1928) is still making the occasional performance to this day- I had the pleasure of working with her in a Music Hall a few years ago- her voice is as strong today as it was when she began her recording career in 1953. Her hit records included �I�ll Walk Alone� and �Too Young� which got her a recording contract through Delfont for Decca Records, and later for Pye Records. Resident singer for the BBC she had her own Television series called �Be My Guest�, as well as a record career, Royal Command performances and variety. She appeared in the film of �6.5 Special� alongside the newly minted Rock and pop stars Lonnie Donegan, The John Barry Seven, Jim Dale and Petula Clark. �Somebody else�s Roses�, �Ricochet� and �Happy Anniversary� were further hits- her most popular being �May You Always� in 1958 for EMI�s HMV Label. Joan Regan married Harry Claff the joint manager of the Palladium five years before starring in panto there- and, after Claff was jailed for fraud, of which Regan was unaware of, she divorced her husband, and suffered a breakdown. She lived in America from 1968 continuing to make records and returned to the UK in the 1990�s. Frankie Vaughan- Born Frank Abelson in Liverpool, �Mr Moonlight�, Frankie Vaughan recorded for Decca (1950) with a hit �Daddy�s Little Girl�, and for HMV (1952) and with trademark Top Hat and Cane for Philips from 1955 �Tweedle Dee� one of the 22 hits he created in the top 40 for this label. Early films included �Wonderful Things� and �The Lady�s A Square� co-starring with Anna Neagle. Frankie Vaughan�s hits include �Seventeen�, �Green Door�, �Tower Of Strength� and �Give Me The Moonlight� which became his high kicking signature tune. He appeared at the Copacabana in New York, had a hit in the American Charts with �Judy� (1957) and Frankie really did go to Hollywood- he made a film with Marilyn Monroe- called �Let�s Make Love� His Palladium Pantomime was �Puss In Boots� with 50�s and 60�s singing star Joan Regan, Dick Emery as �Puss�, Jimmy Edwards, Mike & Bernie Winters and Gillian Lynne- Gillian became one of the top choreographers in Musical Theatre, and created the staging for �Cats� at The New London Theatre. Cliff Richard and The Shadows. Cli	The UK Number Ones : 1950s Sheet Music Sales Week Ending SONG TITLE Notable Recording(s) + Artist Links Weeks COMMENT 7 Jan 1950 You're Breaking My Heart Ink Spots 2 They were a top close-harmony singing act of black Americans. 21 Jan 1950 Hop Scotch Polka Billy Whitlock 1 Whitlock wrote the piece with that title, but called it "Scotch Hot" on the recording! 28 Jan 1950 The Harry Lime Theme Anton Karas 4 (Returned for 3 weeks from w/e 18/2/50) Famed theme from the spy film "The Third Man", starring Orson Welles. The theme was composed by the performer. 4 Feb 1950 Dear Hearts And Gentle People 1: Dinah Shore Song was a radio favourite on the "Billy Cotton Band Show". 11 Mar 1950 Music! Music! Music! Teresa Brewer 6 First major hit for the girl from Ohio. She later did badly against UK cover versions. 22 Apr 1950 (If I Knew You Were Comin') I'd've Baked A Cake Eve Young & The Homesteaders 1 Another happy-go-lucky radio favourite which Billy Cotton helped to popularise. 29 Apr 1950 My Foolish Heart Billy Eckstine 11 He was a deep-voiced star from the 1930s, still very popular throughout the 50s. 8 Jul 1950 Bewitched (Bothered and Bewildered) 1: Doris Day Written by Rodgers & Hart. Recorded by Doris Day in 1949. 9 Sep 1950 Silver Dollar (Roll, Roll, Roll) Eve Young & The Homesteaders 7 Similar style to Eve's previous hit, got the musicians buying again. 28 Oct 1950 Goodnight Irene 1: Frank Sinatra 2: Jo Stafford 4 A version by the Gordon Jenkins Orch was at no 1 in the US for 13 weeks. 25 Nov 1950 Rudolph The Red-nosed Reindeer 1: Gene Autry Christmas song that has remained ever popular since. 6 Jan 1951 I Taut I Taw A Puddy Tat Mel Blanc 3 Based on a line from the Tweetie Pie cartoons. Mel was the cartoon voice. 27 Jan 1951 Beloved, Be Faithful 1: Teddy Johnson Both of these were top British balladeers of their time. 3 Feb 1951 The Petite Waltz 1: Anne Shelton At this time, the most popular dance by far was the waltz. 17 Feb 1951 The Tennessee Waltz 1: Patti Page 2: Anita O'Day 9 The US country music star (Patti Page) battled it out in the UK with a jazz music star (Anita O'Day) a country music waltz. 21 Apr 1951 Mockin' Bird Hill Les Paul & Mary Ford 10 They were of multi-track recording and amplified electric guitars. 30 Jun 1951 With These Hands Nelson Eddy & Jo Stafford 3 Hits for Shirley Bassey in 1960 and Tom Jones in 1965. 21 Jul 1951 My Resistance Is Low Hoagy Carmichael 4 Written by the singer. Hit for Robin Sarstedt in 1976. Cole's version is now best known, but it was Young's first major success. 10 Nov 1951 Longing For You Teresa Brewer 11 Melody based on the classical piece "Waltz Dream" by Oscar Straus. 12 Jan 1952 The Loveliest Night Of The Year 1: Mario Lanza Was on the chart for a record 32 weeks before making No 1. 23 Feb 1952 There's Always Room At Our House Guy Mitchell 4 First major recording for this US singing star. 22 Mar 1952 Unforgettable Nat 'King' Cole 10 All-time Nat 'King' Cole classic. 24 May 1952 A-round The Corner Jo Stafford 3 She was the most popular American female singer in the UK at this time. 14 Jun 1952 Auf Wiederseh'n Sweetheart Vera Lynn 10 Immensely popular with people who remembered the war years. 23 Aug 1952 The Homing Waltz 1: Vera Lynn Successive No 1s for Vera Lynn recordings. 25 Oct 1952 Here In My Heart Al Martino 8 Became the first No 1 on the record-sales chart. 27 Dec 1952 You Belong To Me 1: Jo Stafford It was Jo Stafford's version that topped the infant records chart. 7 Feb 1953 Don't Let The Stars Get In Your Eyes Perry Como 1 Como's version topped the record charts in UK and US. 14 Feb 1953 Broken Wings 1: Stargazers 2: Dickie Valentine 3: Art & Dottie Todd 6 These three versions were UK hits, but the Stargazers took it to No 1 in the records chart. 28 Mar 1953 (How Much Is) That Doggie In The Window 1: Patti Page Both UK record hits, but Lita Roza made it to the top. 9 May 1953 In A Golden Coach 1: Billy Cotton Band Celebrating the c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,362	What nationality was the only non-Australian, US or Swedish man to win the Wimbledon Singles title in the 1970's?	Winners and Runner-ups of Wimbledon \| The Tennis Freaks Share Your Thoughts In Wimbledon Championships, 2015 final Novak Djokovic defeated Roger Federer 7-6. 6-7. 6-4, 6-3 to claim his third Wimbledon title and ninth Grand Slam title overall. By lifting the title, Djokovic has tied the number of Wimbledon trophies won with his coach Boris Becker. Serena Williams beat Garbine Muguruza 6-4, 6-4 in ladies’ singles final match to win her third Grand Slam title of the year. Jean-Julyien Rojer and Horia Tecau lifted the trophy in the gentlemen’s doubles category, after beating Jamie Murray and John Peers 7-5, 6-4, 6-4 in the final. In the category of ladies’ doubles at Wimbledon 2015, Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza defeated Ekaterina Makarova and Elena Vesnina 6-7, 7-6, 7-5 in the final match. Mixed doubles category was won by Leander Paes and Martina Hingis, who defeated Timea Babos and Alexander Peya 6-1, 6-1 to lift their second Grand Slam trophy of the year. Boys’ singles category of Wimbledon Championships 2015 was won by Reilly Opelka, who defeated Mikael Ymer 7-6, 6-4 in the match for the title. Sumit Nagal and Ly Hoang Nam defeated Reilly Opelke and Akira Santillan 7-6, 6-4 and lifted the trophy in boys’ doubles competition of Wimbledon 2015. When it comes to girls’ competitions, Sofya Zhuk won the singles category by defeating Anna Blinkova 7-5, 6-4. Dalma Galfi and Fanny Stollar won girls’ doubles trophy, after winning against Vera Lapko and Tereza Mihalikova 6-3, 6-2 in the final match. Gentlemen’s invitation doubles of Wimbledon 2015 was won by Goran Ivanisevic and Ivan Ljubicic, who won against Wayne Ferreira and Sebastian Grosjean 6-3, 1-6, 10-5 in the final. Jacco Eltingh and Paul Haarhuis defeated Guy Forget and Cedric Pioline 6-4, 6-4 in the final of senior gentlemen’s invitation doubles. Ladies’ invitation doubles were won by Magdalena Maleeva and Rennae Stubbs, who beat Martina Navratilova and Selima Sfar 3-6, 7-5, 10-8 in the final match. In the wheelchair events, Gustavo Fernandez and Nicolas Peifer defeated Michael Jeremiasz and Gordon Reid 7-5, 5-7, 6-2 in the final match of men’s doubles of Wimbledon championships 2015. Wheelchair ladies’ doubles were won by Jordanne Whiley and Yui Kamiji, who defeated Jiske Griffioen and Aniek Van Koot 6-2, 5-7, 6-3. Share Your Thoughts Tennis Grand Slams tournaments are the most important annual tennis events held. Also called Majors, these tournaments offer the maximum ranking points, prize money and public and limelight. These are the most important tournaments in the career of any tennis player to reach him or her on the highest echelons of Tennis. The Australian Open is held on the hard courts and so are US tournaments. French Open is played on Clay court and Wimbledon is played on the Grass courts. Australian Open 2011 Novak Djokovic won the Australian Open for the second time along with wining the Grand Slam title. Before 2011, he won the tournament in 2008 whereas Andy Murray made it to the finals but lost the title at the hands of Djokovic with 6-4, 6-2, 6-3. In the women’s singles finals Kim Clijsters of Belgium clinched away the title and it happened to be his first Australian Open title scoring 3–6, 6–3, 6–3. In the finals she played against LiNa of China and defeated her. Meanwhile Li Na was the first Asian to enter finals of any Grand slam. In Men’s doubles, Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan took away the title by Mahesh Bhupatinand Leander Paes in two straight sets of 6-3, 6-4. Gisela Dulko of Argentina and Flavia Pennetta of Italy won over Victoria Azarenka (Belarus) / Maria Kirilenko (Rus) 2–6, 7–5, 6–1. Katarina Srebotnik of Slovenia and Daniel Nestor of Canada bagged the title against Yung –Jan Chan of Taiwan and Paul Hanley of Australia 6–3, 3–6, 10–7. 2012 Men’s single champion ship was taken by Novak Djokovic, defeating Rafael Nadal. Women’s single title was bagged by Belarus Tennis star Victoria Azarenka defeating Maria Sharapova. Men’s Double – Leander Paes of India and Radek Stepanek of Czech Republic Women’s double – Svetlana Kuznetsova of	Wimbledon Mens Players \| Mens Singles Champions \| Andy Murray \| Roger Federer Mens Players Wimbledon Mens Singles We take a look at the mens singles competition, providing background and chances of the players for the 2011 tournament at the All England Club. Many Tennis fans would argue that Wimbledon is the toughest of the four majors to win as it is the only one played on a grass surface. The winner must therefore be versatile in handling the different challenges that playing on grass poses. Please check here for details of the 2010 Wimbledon mens seedings . The 2011 Men’s singles at Wimbledon promises yet again to be as exciting as ever with Roger Federer favourite in the Wimbledon mens singles betting to win the crown once again afre beating Andy Roddick last year. Nadal’s victory in 2008 prevented Federer from becoming the first man in Wimbledon history to record six straight wins, he will be back at SW19 for the first time since and desperate to regain his crown. In some media circles Federer was being written off last year, but he came back to the top when he won the US Open Tennis for the fifth straight year, defeating Britain's Andy Murray in the final. He then lost to Nadal in the Australian Open final in another five set epic, before achieving his greatest moment in tennis, when he won the French Open title for the first time. That win gave him a record equalling fourteen Grand Slams a record he shares with, Sampras and he also became the first man since Andre Agassi to win all four Grand Slam titles. We think that Federer should win once more this year but the following players all have chances Robin Soderling Fred Perry - The last British Mens Single Champion Fred Perry was the last British mens single champion at Wimbledon when he won the title for the third and final time in 1936. Perry, had won the previous two mens singles titles at the 1934 and 1935 Championship and despite being some years ago reports suggest that he was one of the greatest ever Wimbledon champions. Can Scot, Andy Murray emulate the great man this year? Murray has been in outstanding form this year and won the the title at Queens Club last week. He has shot up to number three in the world rankings and is third favourite to win in the mens singles betting. He reached the quarter finals last year where he was beaten by Rafa Nadal. Tim Henman remains the only British player to get to the semi finals in recent years, he achieved this four times in total. Modern Era Mens Wimbledon Champions In recent years, some of the biggest names in mens Tennis have lifted the famous Mens Singles trophy. Four times champion Rod Laver was the first male to claim the title in the open era in 1968 and 1969. Fellow Australian John Newcombe won back to back championships in 1970 and 1971 before Bjorn Borg won four consecutive titles between 1976 - 79. During the 80s, the Wimbledon mens singles title was won by great names such as John McEnroe, Boris Becker and Stefan Edberg, all who won the title on more than one occasion during the decade. American great Pete Sampras dominated the title in the 90s winning the mens singles crown a total of seven times between 1993 and 2000, only Richard Krajicek stopped him from winning a Wimbledon record eight straight titles. In recent years, the mens singles game has been all about Roger Federer who has won the last four Wimbledon mens singles championships and the Swiss star shows no signs of slowing down his dominance of the mens game. Past Wimbledon Mens Singles Winners 1980 B. Borg (Sweeden)	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,363	Who wrote the novel 'To Kill A Mockingbird'?	NEA Big Read NEA Big Read To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Writing is a process of self-discipline you must learn before you can call yourself a writer. There are people who write, but I think they’re quite different from people who must write. About the Author Harper Lee (1926-2016) If Nelle Harper Lee ever wanted proof that fame has its drawbacks, she didn't have to look farther than her childhood neighbor, Truman Capote. After her enormously successful first novel, she lived a life as private as Capote's was public. Nelle—her first name was her grandmother's spelled backward—was born on April 28, 1926, in Monroeville, Alabama. Her mother, Frances Cunningham Finch Lee, was a homemaker. Her father, Amasa Coleman Lee, practiced law. Before A.C. Lee became a title lawyer, he once defended two black men accused of murdering a white storekeeper. Both clients, a father and son, were hanged. As a child, Harper Lee was an unruly tomboy. She fought on the playground. She talked back to teachers. She was bored with school and resisted any sort of conformity. The character of Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird would have liked her. In high school Lee was fortunate to have a gifted English teacher, Gladys Watson Burkett, who introduced her to challenging literature and the rigors of writing well. Lee loved nineteenth-century British authors best, and once said that her ambition was to become "the Jane Austen of south Alabama." Unable to fit in with the sorority she joined at the University of Alabama, she found a second home on the campus newspaper. Eventually she became editor-in-chief of the Rammer Jammer, a quarterly humor magazine on campus. She entered the law school, but she "loathed" it. Despite her father's hopes that she would become a local attorney like her sister Alice, Lee went to New York to pursue her writing. She spent eight years working odd jobs before she finally showed a manuscript to Tay Hohoff, an editor at J.B. Lippincott. At this point, it still resembled a string of stories more than the novel that Lee had intended. Under Hohoff's guidance, the perspective was changed to Scout as a child, and two and a half years of rewriting followed. When the novel was finally ready for publication, the author opted for the name "Harper Lee" on the cover, because she didn't want to be misidentified as "Nellie." To Kill a Mockingbird was published in 1960 to highly favorable reviews and quickly climbed the bestseller lists, where it remained for eighty-eight weeks. In 1961, the novel won the Pulitzer Prize. Lee later researched a book, similar to Capote's In Cold Blood (1966), about a part-time minister in Alexander City, Alabama, accused of killing five people for their insurance money and later himself murdered by a victim's relative. However, she dropped the project in the 1990s. It wasn't until February of 2015 that news of a second novel surfaced, when Lee's publisher announced a newly discovered manuscript for Go Set a Watchman, the novel Lee wrote before To Kill a Mockingbird. In the meantime, To Kill a Mockingbird has sold more than thirty million copies in forty languages. In 2011, President Obama awarded her the National Medal of Arts. According to biographer Charles J. Shields, Lee was unprepared for the amount of personal attention associated with writing a bestseller. She led a quiet and guardedly private life. As Sheriff Tate says of Boo Radley, "draggin' him with his shy ways into the limelight—to me, that's a sin." So it would be with Harper Lee. The Friendship of Harper Lee and Truman Capote Nelle Harper Lee and Truman Capote became friends in the early 1930s as kindergarteners in Monroeville, Alabama. They lived next door to each other: Capote with aunts and uncles, Lee with her parents and three siblings. From the start they loved reading and recognized in each other "an apartness," as Capote later expressed it. When Lee's father gave them an old Underwood typewriter, they began writing original stories. Although Capote moved to New York City in the third grade to join his mother and stepfather, he retur	MCQ-test Questions and Answers \| Library and Information center@KV Peringome Library and Information center@KV Peringome Reader’s Club and Library and Information Center National Library Week celebration 2012 Know Your Literature 1. Who invented movable type printing? (C) Johannes Gutenberg 2. What was the pen-name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson? (D) Lewis Carroll 3. What was Samuel Langhorne Clemens’ pen-name? (B) Mark Twain 4. The ISBN (International Standard Book Number) code was increased to how many digits from 1 January 2007? (A) Thirteen 5. What is the pen-name of novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-80)? (D) George Eliot 6. French writer Sully Prudhomme was the first winner of what prize in 1901? (C) Nobel Prize for Literature 7. “Make then laugh; make them cry; make them wait…” was a personal maxim of which novelist? (B) Charles Dickens 8. Which Indian author wrote the English novel called ‘Untouchable’ (novel) in 1935? (D) Mulk Raj Anand. 9. R.K.Narayan has his stories centered on which imaginary place? (D) Malgudi 10. Which Indian writer has a National Park named after him? (B)Jim Corbett 12. Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel prize for writing: (C) Gitanjali 13. What is the pen name of V V Ayyappan – (B) Kovilan 14. What is the pen name of P C Kuttikrishnan- (D) Uroob 15. ______________is a Malayalam poet and lyricist from Kerala, India, who won Jnanpith Award, the highest literary award in India for the year 2007 (C) O.N.V. Kurupu 16. The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012 (C) Mo Yan 17. Hilary Mantel’s book _______________ won Man Booker Prize 2012 (B) Bring up the Bodies 18. _____________________is the autobiography of Adolf Hitler (A) Mein Kampf 19. Who wrote “Glimpses of world history” (A)Jawaharlal Nehru 20. ____________________is the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi. (D) The Story of My Experiments with Truth 21. The famous book “ The count of Monte Cristo” written by (C) Alexandre Dumas 22. _______________________________is the author of Harry Potter series stories (B) J. K. Rowling 23. Who wrote the English novel called ‘Angry river’ (A) Ruskin Bond 24. ________________________________ is the autobiography of A. P. J Abdul Kalam. (C) Wings of fire 25. The Diary of a Young Girl is a book of the writings from the Dutch language diary kept by ______________while she was in hiding for two years with her family during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. (B) Anne Frank 26. The Story of My Life, first published in 1903, is autobiography of ___________ (A) Helen Keller 27. The Evolutionary biology book the origin of species written by________________________________ (A) Charles Darwin 28. Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Latin for “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”, often referred to as simply the Principia, is a work in three books by___________________________ (D) Sir Isaac Newton 29. Who was the Indian author won Man Booker Prize for his book “The white tiger” in 2008 (B) Aravind Adiga 30. It is considered to be the first Malayalam novel. (C) Kundalatha	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,364	What variety of bean is used to produce beansprouts, popular in Oriental cuisine?	Mung Bean Sprouts, A Raw or Cooked Plant-Based Protein Protein - 7.0g Calories - 105 In a 2014 published review analyzing mung beans, mung sprouts and their nutritional qualities, it was stated that "High levels of proteins, amino acids, oligosaccharides, and polyphenols in mung beans are thought to be the main contributors to the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities of this food and are involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism." As with other types of sprouts , raw mung bean sprouts are a rich source of natural food-based enzymes, which is not the case for cooked varieties. Consuming them alongside cook meals or harder to digest foods can help to increase digestion and preserve one's own digestive enzyme resources. In the previous review, it was also reported that "In recent years, studies have shown that the sprouts of mung beans after germination have more obvious biological activities and more plentiful secondary metabolites since relevant biosynthetic enzymes are activated during the initial stages of germination. Thus, germination is thought to improve the nutritional and medicinal qualities of mung beans." Best Quality Mung Beans Commercial mung beans are usually grown in either India or China and are exported to other countries around the world. We have, however, found a good source of organic mung beans cultivated in California, which may be preferred for those living in the United States. We always recommend purchasing organically grown and non-GMO certified mung beans for highest possible quality and sprout viability. About Sprouting Mung Beans Mung bean sprouts are sprouted in much the same way you would initially jar sprout other types of sprouts like broccoli , alfalfa , fenugreek and onion , or when preparing microgreens like sunflower or purslane before they are placed on a tray or growing medium. The length of time it takes to sprout them is fairly short, usually about 1-3 days depending on how you plan to eat them. For consuming raw sprouts, we recommend sprouting them for at least 2-3 days, which will produce a white sprout that is about 1/4-3/4 an inch long (or .63-1.9 cm). If you're going to cook your mung sprouts, it is best to sprout them for only a brief one day period, just after the sprout emerges from the seed. This provides a better flavor after the beans are cooked. How to Sprout Mung Beans To sprout mung beans you will need a one quart glass jar, a mesh sprouting lid and 1 ½ cups of whole green mung beans (preferably organic). This will produce about a one quart jar of mung bean sprouts Directions Place the mung beans in the jar and fill with filtered pure water, stir and allow to soak overnight or for at least 8 hours with a loose lid. Screw on mesh lid and strain the soaking liquid. Rinse, stir, remove any loose hulls that float to the top and strain again. Leave the jar turned upside down, tilted at an angle in a dish drain or container. Rinse and strain once a day until a desired sprout size between 1/4-3/4 an inch long (or .63-1.9 cm) is achieved. This usually takes between 1-3 days depending on room temperature. (For more on sprouting specifics see our sprouting seeds or how to sprout pages.) How to Use Mung bean sprouts can be consumed in small amounts as a raw sprout variety atop salads, soups or most any raw and cooked meal. They can likewise be added to wraps, tacos or sushi rolls. We used them in our vegan pad thai and seaweed salad recipes as an added protein source. Cooking mung beans, either slightly sprouted or unsprouted legumes, usually takes a lot less time to prepare than other types of beans, usually between 1 - 1 1/2 hours total cooking time. They are delicious when cooked and prepared as a sprouted mung bean dal with curry, turmeric and other Indian spices. Mung beans, when slightly undercooked, can additionally be prepared as a homemade tempeh that can be sliced, grilled, stir-fried or served in miso soup. Another Way to Eat Raw Legumes In recent years some experimentation with fermenting raw soaked or sprouted bean pa	korea a maiden love: gifts tells the cultural story of korea this blog is your opened window to discover with me in the dream the land of the dreams korea the country of the bright morning all waht i can say to you korea this poems of love and loyality vendredi 28 août 2009 gifts tells the cultural story of korea Here are some gifts sent to me by the English and the French as the German and the Arabic service of the kbs world radio from seoul the soul of aisa You know look at this traditional gifts they were as pearls of the Korean handmade arts They tell me more than a story And they show more than a picture of the traditions of korea the land of the bright sun and the blissful morning Wow this ornament gives the felling if am in the heaven where a Korean nymph seat nearby me and tell me the story of Korean ancestors The chopsticks makes me feel that a day a will be there in korea and surly I will eat the delightful kimchi And this and that and many many gifts tell me in every time and in every season that korea is so pure and unique a world of wonders that I must see it by my Owen eyes See by your eyes and feel the perfume of hangkok Posted by bindaetteok Bindaetteok Bindaetteok first appears under the name binjatteok in the Eumsik dimibang , a cooking encyclopedia written in the 1670s by Mrs. Jang, the wife of a public officer. The dish was originally prepared by frying a mixture of water-soaked and ground mung beans, pork, bracken fern , mung bean sprouts, and cabbage kimchi. This food uses honey for seasoning, and meat was put on the bindaetteok. Rich people ate meat and poor people ate bindaetteok. Therefore, this dish was called bindaebyeong (貧乏餅 ; literally "poor person's pancake"). the ingredients are 1/2 cup mung beans, soaked overnight 1 large egg 1/4 cup cabbage kimchi 1/2 tbsp toasted sesame oil 1/4 tsp salt Meat, usually beef, can also be added as an ingredient. In Korean restaurants, this dish is served with a small side serving of dipping sauce made of soy sauce , minced green onions , chili pepper flakes and some vinegar. sanjo sanjo Sanjo is a style of traditional Korean music , involving an instrumental solo accompanied by drumming on the janggu , an hourglass-shaped drum . Sanjo was first developed around 1890 by Kim Chang-jo (1865-1920), for the gayageum . Thereafter, it was expanded to other traditional Korean instruments, including the geomungo and Korean flutes . Its early development was informed by other genres of traditional music, including pansori , sinawi , and the performances of Korean shamanism . Daegeum sanjo, played on the daegeum (a traditional Korean transverse flute ) was developed in the 1920s. It has since become one of the most popular forms of sanjo. Its leading practitioner today is Yi Saenggang . Sanjo is traditionally identified as a form of minsogak , or folk music. korean Fish and seafood korean Fish and seafood dishes A bowl of gejang , marinated crabs in soy sauce and plates of various banchan (small side dishes). Fish and shellfish have always been a major part of Korean cuisine because of the oceans bordering the peninsula. Evidence from the 12th century illustrates that commoners consumed a diet mostly of fish and shellfish such as shrimp , clams , oysters , abalone , and loach , while sheep and hogs were reserved for the upper class. Both fresh and saltwater fish are popular and are served raw, grilled, broiled, dried, and served in soups and stews. Common grilled fish include mackerel , hairtail , croaker , and Pacific herring . Smaller fish, shrimps, squid, mollusks and countless other seafood can be salted as Jeotgal . Fish can also be grilled either whole or in fillets as banchan . Fish is often dried naturally in order to prolong storing periods and enable shipping over long distances. Fish commonly dried include yellow corvina , anchovies (myeolchi) and croaker . Dried anchovies along with kelp form the basis of common soup stocks. Shellfish is widely eaten in all different types of preparation. They can be used to prepare broth , eaten raw with chogochujang wh	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,365	The Soviets invaded which Baltic country in November 1939?	World War II -- Finland Winter War World War II Finland: The Winter War (November 1939-March 1940) Figure 1.--This Finnish mother and child are evacuees from the massive Soviet Army invading their small country. Here they have just arrived at a govrnment evacuee camp and have been given name tags. The prss caption read, "Somewnere in Finland: The distress of the Russ-Finish war and the hardship it is working on the people is registered on the face of this peasant mother from Lapland shown on arrival at a Finnish evacuee camp with her child. Note the picturesque attire of the woman and child and the name tag each is wearing. Most homesteads in the far northenr regions hav been evcuated away from the Russian invaders. This picture arrived by clipper today. The photograph was dated January 19, 1940. It was the Soviet Union not Germany that first struck after the invasion of Poland. Finland is located on the far northern perifery of Europe. Rarely has Finland played a significant role in European history. For a few months, however, it was the Finns who galantly resisted totalitarian resistance. The first effective resistance after a decade of totalitarian successes. Only 2 months after seizing eastern Poland, the Soviet Union invaded Finland (November 30, 1939). This was the beginning of what became known as the Winter War. Stalin's goals are unclear. The Soviets claomed they wanted a security belt to the west. This may have been the first step in regaining old Tsarist borders using the samectactics persued against the Baltic Republics. Finland after Poland was the next step in that process. Soviet planes and naval vessels bombarded Finish cities. The international community was apauled. Roosevelt called it the "rape of Finland". [Freidel, p. 324.] Former Ameican President Herbert Hoover, who had organized American relief efforts for Belgium during World War I, headed voluntary war relief for the Finns. (The President hoped that Hoover would work with Mrs. Roosevelt to assist with Government sponsored civilian war relief for the Allies. Such was Hoover animosity toward Roosevelt, however, that he refused. If he had agreed, he suely would have eventually headed American World War II relief efforts. [Freidel, p.325.] The outnummered and out-gunned Finns inflicted enormous losses on the Red Army, but the weight iof Soviet power eventually forced the Finns back. The Finns and Soviets eventually reached a peace agreement (March 1940). Given the scale of the Soviet victory, historians have decribed the terms of the peace settlement as 'moderate', but Stalin's calculations are still debated. The Soviets got the security belt they wanted around Lenningrad. The Soviet invasion of Finland had significant repercussions. The Allies for a time considered actively aiding Finland, but the Germans offensives in the West soon made that impossible. The Red Army energed victorious from the Winter War (1939-40), but at considerable cost. The poor performance of the Red Army in Finland was a factor in Hitler's decission to attack the Soviet Union before Britain had been defeated. Karelia The border area between southern Finland and the Soviet Union is Karelia. It is the area between the White Sea and the Gulf of Finland. It is an extensive area which includes the two largest lakes in Europe, Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega. What is often referred to as the Karelian Isthmus is located between the Baltic Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga. To the south is Ingria, the land of the closely related Ingrian people. The traditional western boundary was the Neva river itself but was eventually shifted northward into the Karelian isthmus to follow the Sestra River which since Napoleonic times was the Russo-Finnish border.The River Svir on the other side of Lake Lagoda completed the souther border of Karelia. Lake Saimaa marked the Western border while Lake Onega and the White Sea mark the Eastern border. The land to the north was occupied by nomadic Samis (Lapps), but unlike the south there were no natural border onky trackless wood	The Hitler-Stalin Pact - Aug 23, 1939 - HISTORY.com Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression pact, stunning the world, given their diametrically opposed ideologies. But the dictators were, despite appearances, both playing to their own political needs. After Nazi Germany’s invasion of Czechoslovakia, Britain had to decide to what extent it would intervene should Hitler continue German expansion. Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, at first indifferent to Hitler’s capture of the Sudetenland, the German-speaking area of Czechoslovakia, suddenly snapped to life when Poland became threatened. He made it plain that Britain would be obliged to come to the aid of Poland in the event of German invasion. But he wanted, and needed, an ally. The only power large enough to stop Hitler, and with a vested interest in doing so, was the Soviet Union. But Stalin was cool to Britain after its effort to create a political alliance with Britain and France against Germany had been rebuffed a year earlier. Plus, Poland’s leaders were less than thrilled with the prospect of Russia becoming its guardian; to them, it was simply occupation by another monstrous regime. Hitler believed that Britain would never take him on alone, so he decided to swallow his fear and loathing of communism and cozy up to the Soviet dictator, thereby pulling the rug out from the British initiative. Both sides were extremely suspicious of the other, trying to discern ulterior motives. But Hitler was in a hurry; he knew if he was to invade Poland it had to be done quickly, before the West could create a unified front. Agreeing basically to carve up parts of Eastern Europe—and leave each other alone in the process—Hitler’s foreign minister, Joachim von Ribbentrop, flew to Moscow and signed the non-aggression pact with his Soviet counterpart, V.M. Molotov (which is why the pact is often referred to as the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact). Supporters of bolshevism around the world had their heretofore romantic view of “international socialism” ruined; they were outraged that Stalin would enter into any kind of league with the fascist dictator. But once Poland was German-occupied territory, the alliance would not last for long. Related Videos	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,366	Who was born first, Susan Sarandon or Glenn Close?	What Susan Sarandon said about Trump was out of this world - The Washington Post What Susan Sarandon said about Trump was out of this world The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published. You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! By Jonathan Capehart By Jonathan Capehart March 29, 2016 Follow @capehartj Susan Sarandon watches Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) speak at an event in Iowa on Jan. 27. (Chris Carlson/Associated Press) MSNBC’s Chris Hayes interviewed actress Susan Sarandon on Monday and right now I. Can’t. Even. The surrogate for Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) told Hayes, “I don’t know. I’m going to see what happens” when he asked whether she would vote for Hillary Clinton over Donald Trump. Not committing to voting for Clinton wasn’t terribly shocking. Sarandon had spent a considerable amount of time knocking the former secretary of state’s record. But what she said about Trump was out of this world. HAYES: Right, but isn’t the question always in an election about choices, right. I mean, I think a lot of people think to themselves well if it’s Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton, and I think Bernie Sanders probably would think this… SARANDON: I think Bernie probably would encourage people because he doesn’t have any ego. I think a lot of people are sorry, I can’t bring myself to do that. HAYES: How about you personally? SARANDON: I don’t know. I’m going to see what happens. HAYES: Really? SARANDON: Really. HAYES: I cannot believe as you’re watching the, if Donald Trump… SARANDON: Some people feel Donald Trump will bring the revolution immediately if he gets in then things will really, you know explode. When Hayes asked Sarandon if she didn’t think that argument was “dangerous,” she said, “The status quo is not working, and I think it’s dangerous to think that we can continue the way we are with the militarized police force, with privatized prisons, with the death penalty, with the low minimum wage, with threats to women’s rights and think that you can’t do something huge to turn that around.” [ Time to take our country back — from Donald Trump ] Actress Susan Sarandon spoke at a rally for Bernie Sanders in Mason City, Iowa, Jan. 27. (Bernie Sanders) Let me state clearly that the passion with which Sarandon campaigns for Sanders is something we need more of in American politics. If more were as engaged and active as she is, our ongoing national discussion of the issues would be as dynamic as they would be thrilling. But the Academy Award-winning actress displayed the downside of such fervent participation: the inability or unwillingness of too many to see that their insistence on political purity could lead to calamity. This is not Sarandon’s first time making the perfect the enemy of the good. In the 2000 presidential campaign, when misguided progressives believed that a vote for Vice President Al Gore was the same as voting for then-Texas Gov. George W. Bush, she was an active supporter of Ralph Nader. And we all know how that turned out. Ralph Nader in 2000. (Lucian Perkins/The Washington Post) [ A warning to warring Democrats in the Clinton-Sanders race ] It defies logic that a progressive would find anything redeeming about the Trump candidacy. Sure, the Republican presidential front-runner “will bring the revolution immediately” if, God help us, he’s elected. But that revolution would be fueled by a campaign that thrived on racism, xenophobia and misogyny. And, as far as we know, that revolution would involve deporting 11 million undocumented immigrants, restricting all Muslims from entering the United States and alternately treating women like pretty prized possessions or objects of ridicule. Clinton is not perfect. We all know it. And she would be the first to admit it. But it is monumentally insane to argue that a Trump in the White House would be preferable to a Clinton in the Oval Office. The Man	Do you know your Downton? From Lord Grantham's dog to Mrs Patmore's catchphrase \| Daily Mail Online Do you know your Downton? From Lord Grantham's dog to Mrs Patmore's catchphrase comments The Christmas special of Downton Abbey, on ITV1 tomorrow, may well answer some of the cliffhanger questions left over from series two, such as will Matthew and Mary ever get their act together? And will Mr Bates swing for the murder of his ex-wife? But how much do you know about the story so far? Try our quiz, which alternates easy questions with real testers, and give yourself one point for each correct answer. Elegant: The Crawley sisters played by Laura Carmichael as Lady Edith, Jessica Brown Findlay as Lady Sybil and Michell Dockery as Lady Mary 1. With what famous historical event does the first series begin? (a) The start of World War I (b) The sinking of the Titanic (c) The death of King Edward VII (d) The invention of the telephone 2. What sound informs the family and guests at Downton Abbey that they should start getting ready for dinner? 3. With what deadly disease does the second series end? (a) Spanish Flu (b) German Measles (c) Rocky Mountain Fever (d) Delhi Belly 4. What is the job of Joe Burns, Mrs Hughes’s old flame? Elizabeth McGovern plays Cora in Downton Abbey 5. Which of these characters dies as a result of this disease? (a) Lavinia Swire (b) Mr Carson (c) Mrs Patmore (d) Dr Clarkson 6. What relation is Lord Grantham to Matthew, his heir? 7. What is the correct term for the wife of an Earl, as applied to two Downton characters? (a) Baroness (b) Marchioness(c) Countess (d) Earl Indoors 8. What does Gwen, the housemaid, keep in a box on top of her bedroom cupboard? 9. Lord Grantham’s eldest daughter Lady Mary has a sinful secret that could ruin her reputation. What is it? (a) She had an improper passion for her maid (b) A Greek ship owner got her pregnant (c) A Turkish diplomat died naked in her bed (d) She once said ‘serviette’ instead of‘napkin’ 10. What is the name of Lord Grantham’s dog? 11. From which West Sussex town do the aristocratic family who live at Downton Abbey take their name? (a) Horsham (b) Crawley (c) Pulborough (d) Bognor-Regis 12. In what fictional Army unit does Matthew serve during World War I? 13. What precious object is stolen by Mr Bates’ enemies, Thomas and O’Brien, with the intention of framing him? (a) A pair of Lord Grantham’s gold cufflinks (b) A first edition book from the library (c) An antique blue snuffbox (d) A bottle of vintage brandy 14. At which battle in 1918 are both Matthew and William wounded, the latter fatally? 15. What is the lucrative occupation of Sir Richard Carlisle, to whom Lady Mary is engaged to be married? (a) Arms manufacturer (b) Mine owner (c) Newspaper baron (d)Industrialist 16. What is the name of the shell-shocked war veteran who briefly serves as Lord Grantham’s valet? 17. What does Downton Abbey become during World War I? (a) HQ for the Army’s General Staff (b) A convalescent home for wounded officers (c) A code-breaking centre (d) A tourist attraction, with lions Happily ever after? Anna played Joanne Froggatt, and Brendan Coyle as Mr Bates, who has been arrested over the murder of his ex-wife 18. With what exotic garment, inspired by the Orient does Lady Sybil scandalise the family at dinner? 19. What event is taking place at Downton Abbey when war is declared? (a) A garden party (b) A shooting party (c) A hunt (d) A funeral 20. With what chemical, used to clean copper pots, does Daisy the kitchen maid almost poison the entire Downton Abbey household? 21. With which wholly unsuitable married man does Lady Edith have a brief wartime fling? (a) Mr Bell, the vicar (b) Mr Lamb, the butcher (c) Mr White, the milkman (d) Mr Drake, the farmer 22. By the end of series two, how should Daisy formally be addressed? 23. What classic wartime song does Lady Mary sing to entertain the troops at Downton Abbey? (a) It’s A Long Way to Tipperary (b) If You Were The Only Girl in the World (c) Oh! It’s A Lovely War (d) Pack Up Your Troubles In Your Old Kit-Bag 24. Who i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,367	"What was referred to in the title of Bill Bryson's book ""Notes From A Small Island""?"	Bill Bryson: Notes from a Small Island (TV Series 1999– ) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Bill Bryson: Notes from a Small Island 25min Following his enormously successful book "Notes From a Small Island", American travel writer Bill Bryson sets off on a new tour of Britain. Starting at Dover, where he recalls his first ... See full summary » Stars: a list of 23 titles created 04 Sep 2011 a list of 858 titles created 05 Dec 2012 a list of 501 titles created 06 Oct 2014 Title: Bill Bryson: Notes from a Small Island (1999– ) 6.6/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Edit Storyline Following his enormously successful book "Notes From a Small Island", American travel writer Bill Bryson sets off on a new tour of Britain. Starting at Dover, where he recalls his first disembarkation in 1973 to a land of rain, sweet tea and disagreeable land-ladies, his travels take him from Poole in the South to the Western Isles of Scotland. Along the way he encounters such colourful characters as the pipe smokers of Solihull, ballroom dancers in Blackpool and the caber tossers of Glenfinnan. Bryson brings all his perspective eye, dry wit and outbursts of comic exasperation to this affectionate survey of the British way of life. Written by Anonymous 10 January 1999 (UK) See more » Also Known As: Notes from a Small Island See more » Filming Locations: Not as good as the book, but... 15 January 2005 \| by dilone (Grand Rapids, MI) – See all my reviews I love Bryson's books immensely. As a fellow American who has spent a few years living in Britain, he captures both cultures with wit and charm. That said, this TV adaptation of his most popular book leaves something to be desired. It moves slowly, is nowhere near as funny as his books, and is far too subdued for my taste. Part of the problem is that for a TV presenter, Bryson is a good author. He comes off as too bored, too bland...only occasionally does his true love for Britain shine through. Those moments that it does (episode three is the best example of this) are wonderful. The whole appeal of Bryson is the way he expresses his love for British culture with just enough detachment to be witty, and that is far too absent from this adaptation. Still, as travelogues go, it's one of the better ones out there. It's a case of "better than the rest, not as good as it should have been." At least Bryson is willing to show us the "real Britain," not the tourism-centered part. He knows the places to explore and bring out the charm that most tourists miss. Too bad he's unable to couple it with the charm he finds on paper. Cheers, mate. 17 of 17 people found this review helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes	Bill Sherwood's Trivia Page - archive page 4 On to page < 1 > < 2 > < 3 > < 5 > < 6 > The flag of the Philippines is the only national flag that is flown differently during times of peace or war. A portion of the flag is blue, while the other is red. The blue portion is flown on top in time of peace and the red portion is flown in war time. The phrase "sleep tight" originated when mattresses were set upon ropes woven through the bed frame. To remedy sagging ropes, one would use a bed key to tighten the rope. It was discovered on a space mission that a frog can throw up. The frog throws up it's stomach first, so the stomach is dangling out of it's mouth. Then the frog uses it's forearms to dig out all of the stomach's contents and then swallows the stomach back down again. A baby eel is called an elver, a baby oyster is called a spat. The arteries and veins surrounding the brain stem called the "circle of Willis" looks like a stick person with a large head. Welsh mercenary bowmen in the medieval period only wore one shoe at a time. Lake Nicaragua boasts the only fresh-water sharks in the entire world. The gene for the Siamese colouration in animals such as cats, rats or rabbits is heat sensitive. Warmth produces a lighter colour than does cold. Putting tape temporarily on Siamese rabbit's ear will make the fur on that ear lighter than on the other one. There are only 12 letters in the Hawaiian alphabet. Venetian blinds were invented in Japan. Armoured knights raised their visors to identify themselves when they rode past their king. This custom has become the modern military salute. Soldiers from every country salute with their right hand. Medieval knights put sharkskin on their sword handles to give them a more secure grip; they would dig the sharp scales into their palms. "Freelance" comes from a knight whose lance was free for hire, i.e. not pledged to one master. Giving the Finger Before the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, the French, anticipating victory over the English, proposed to cut off the middle finger of all captured English soldiers. Without the middle finger it would be impossible to draw the renowned English longbow and therefore they would be incapable of fighting in the future. This famous weapon was made of the native English Yew tree, and the act of drawing the longbow was known as "plucking the yew" (or "pluck yew"). Much to the bewilderment of the French, the English won a major upset and began mocking the French by waving their middle fingers at the defeated French, saying, "See, we can still pluck yew! PLUCK YEW!" Over the years some 'folk etymologies' have grown up around this symbolic gesture. Since 'pluck yew' is rather difficult to say (like "pleasant mother pheasant plucker," which is who you had to go to for the feathers used on the arrows for the longbow), the difficult consonant cluster at the beginning has gradually changed to a labiodental fricative 'F', and thus the words often used in conjunction with the one-finger-salute are mistakenly thought to have something to do with an intimate encounter. It is also because of the pheasant feathers on the arrows that the symbolic gesture is known as "giving the bird." (This is but one possible explanation that I know of) It was illegal to sell ET dolls in France because there is a law against selling dolls without human faces. In the 1983 film "JAWS 3D" the shark blows up. Some of the shark guts were the stuffed ET dolls being sold at the time. Spider Monkeys like banana daiquiris. Dinosaur droppings are called coprolites, and are actually fairly common. The leg bones of a bat are so thin that no bat can walk. The giant squid has the largest eyes in the world. The first letters of the months July through November, in order, spell the name JASON. Moisture, not air, causes superglue to dry. Cyano-acrylate glues (Super glues) were invented by accident. The researcher was trying to make optical coating materials, and would test their properties by putting them between two prisms and shining light through them. When he tried the cyano-acrylat	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,368	What name for a female servant is taken from the wife of Nabal in the Old Testament, after whose death she married David?	Abigail: A Bible Woman with Beauty and Brains Abigail: A Bible Woman with Beauty and Brains This article is available in Spanish here . Abigail, Nabal and David Abigail is an interesting woman who we meet in 1 Samuel chapter 25 . Like several women in the Old Testament, Abigail is described as beautiful. Unlike most other women in the Old Testament, Abigail is also described as “intelligent” (NAB, NIV, TEV), or “clever” (NRSV), or “of good understanding” (KJV, ASV), etc. Beautiful and clever Abigail was married to a wealthy man, and she may have enjoyed the benefits of an affluent lifestyle, but her rich husband Nabal was foolish, intemperate, and mean. Abigail’s name אֲבִיגַיִל is derived from two Hebrew words, “father” and “happiness”, and means “my father’s happiness”. She may have been the cause of happiness in her father’s house, but Abigail’s marriage cannot have been a happy one.[1] Nabal’s name נָבָל means “foolish” or “senseless” in Hebrew. As an adjective the word is used especially of people who have no perception of ethical or religious claims. It is an apt name for this character, who typifies such behavior.[2] Nabal had not noticed that David and his men had been protecting his shepherds. When David’s camp started to run out of food, he sent ten messengers to Nabal. The messengers told Nabal about how they had been protecting his shepherds and they asked for provisions, but Nabal refused them.[3] He even screamed at them (1 Sam 25:14 NLT). Nabal’s actions deeply insulted David, and David responded by preparing for a slaughter (1 Sam 25:13, 22). Abigail’s Actions Abigail was the able mistress of an extensive household.[4] A servant told Abigail how Nabal has insulted David, and informed her of the danger they now faced. Her servants, both male and female, promptly helped Abigail in her decisive plan to placate David. Abigail was not just intelligent and beautiful, she was also brave. It would have been no mean feat to confront David and four hundred of his men who had been insulted and were intent on revenge with their swords at the ready. Yet Abigail approached David and, with great diplomacy, humbly offered him a “peace offering”. She gave David and his men plenty of food. Her quick actions saved her household from disaster, and kept David and his men from unnecessary bloodshed. Click To Tweet Abigail was also brave considering that her actions would be found out by her husband, and then she would have to face his violent temper. The next day, Abigail told Nabal everything that she had done. Thankfully, God spared her from Nabal’s wrath. Nabal immediately had a heart attack and ten days died later from heart failure. Nabal did not know who David was, but Abigail knew. She knew that David was an outlaw on the run from King Saul, and she spoke eloquently and prophetically about David and his future reign as king of Israel.[5] Her speech is one of the longest speeches of a woman recorded in the Old Testament. Here is an excerpt: “The Lord your God will certainly make a lasting dynasty for my lord, because you fight the Lord’s battles, and no wrongdoing will be found in you as long as you live. Even though someone is pursuing you to take your life, the life of my lord will be bound securely in the bundle of the living by the Lord your God, but the lives of your enemies he will hurl away as from the pocket of a sling. When the Lord has fulfilled for my lord every good thing he promised concerning him and has appointed him ruler over Israel my lord will not have on his conscience the staggering burden of needless bloodshed or of having avenged himself. And when the Lord your God has brought my lord success, remember your servant.” 1 Samuel 25:28-31 (NIV) David did remember Abigail. After Nabal’s death, he seems to have lost no time in asking her to become his wife. It is not clear whether David sought this marriage because of his attraction to Abigail or if it was for political reasons, but he certainly admired her. Abigail became David’s third wife and she bore David’s second son Chileab (2 Sam 3:3). (Her son	General Knowledge Quiz - By Zarbo84 The fictional character John Clayton is better known by what name? La Paz is the administrative capital of which South American country? Actor Charles Buchinsky was better known by what name? The medical condition ‘aphonia’ is the inability to do what? In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was the king of which Island? Who played the title role in the 1953 film ‘The Glenn Miller Story’? A third wedding anniversary is traditionally represented by which material? In the Bible, what sign did God give Noah that the earth would not be flooded again? In August 2011 NASA announced that photographic evidence had been captured of possible liquid water of which planet in our solar system? The restored tomb of which dramatist was unveiled in Paris in November 2011, after being ruined by lipstick smears left by thousands of kisses? What was the name of the hurricane which hit the East Coast of America in August 2011? On 11th March 2011 a 9.1 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the east of which country? Convict George Joseph Smith was known as the ‘Brides in the ‘what’ murderer’? In the human body, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis is commonly known by what name? A peregrine is what type of bird? What is the name of the highly toxic protein obtained from the pressed seeds of the castor oil plant? Which British pop musician/actor was actress Sadie Frost’s first husband? British singer Gaynor Hopkins is better known by what name? Who played Ron Kovic in the 1989 film ‘Born on the Fourth of July’? Ben Gurion International Airport is in which country? Which basketball star is kidnapped by cartoon characters in the 1996 film ‘Space Jam’? In the tv series The A Team, what does B.A. stand for in the name B.A. Baracus? In medicine, metritis is the inflammation of which part of the body? In which year was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in the USA? In the human body, where is the atrium? The OK Corral is in which US town? In Greek mythology, Amphitrite, queen of the sea, was the wife of which god? Which British boxer bought one of the original ‘Only Fools and Horses’ Reliant Robins in 2004? Actor Roy Harold Scherer was better known by what name? Anna Gordy was the first wife of which late soul singer? Who played Heinrich Himmler in the 1976 film ‘The Eagle Has Landed’? Which is the fastest rotating planet in our solar system? Which country was invaded by Iraq in 1990? Cobalt, Cyan and Cerulean are shades of which colour? In 1936, Joseph Bowers was the first inmate to attempt an escape from which prison? In the 18th Century, the British Royal Navy ordered limes and lemons to be carried on board ships as a remedy for which disease? In which US state were the 1692 Witch Trials held? Question Who was the father of English monarch Edward VI? Vermicide is a substance used for killing which creatures? Miss Gatsby and Miss Tibbs were two elderly residents in which UK tv sitcom? Who was US actor Mickey Rooney’s first wife? The resort town of Sliema is on which Mediterranean island? In the Bible, what is the Decalogue more commonly known as? In Greek mythology, Hypnos was the god of what? Which real-life couple starred in the 1994 remake of the film ‘The Getaway’? American 1940′s murder victim Elizabeth Short was known by what posthumous nickname? British monarch Henry VIII married which of his wives in 1540? In February 1983 which US writer choked to death on the cap from a bottle of eye drops? Which US gangster was released from Alcatraz prison in November 1939? Who built the Roman wall which divided England and Scotland? In the human body, the hallux is more commonly known by what name? The liqueur Maraschino is flavoured with which fruit? Which famous US outlaw shot the cashier of a savings bank in Gallatin Missouri in 1869? Kathmandu is the capital of which country? TAP is the chief airline of which European country? In November 2002, which member of the British royal family was convicted and fined for violating the Dangerous Dogs Act? Tommy Lee plays which instrument in the band Motley Crue? The Wang River i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,369	Entertainer Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou is better known by what name?	George Michael - Biography - IMDb George Michael Jump to: Overview (5) \| Mini Bio (1) \| Trade Mark (1) \| Trivia (39) \| Personal Quotes (34) Overview (5) 6' (1.83 m) Mini Bio (1) George Michael was born Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou in Finchley, north London, in the United Kingdom, to Lesley Angold (Harrison), a dancer, and Kyriacos Panayiotou, a restaurateur. His father was a Greek Cypriot, and his mother was of English background. He first discovered fame as a musician when he and school friend, Andrew Ridgeley , formed the pop group Wham! . Success came fast and furious with their first album, 'Fantastic' (1983) hitting the UK number one spot. Wham! survived for five years and during that time the group notched up four number one singles and two number one albums. Most of their other releases made top three. George also contributed to the Band Aid Single 'Do They Know It's Christmas' (1984), and scored two further solo number one hits with 'Careless Whisper' and 'A Different Corner'. Following the break-up of Wham! , George went on to have a hugely successful career as a solo artist, his debut album 'Faith' (1987) - and the single of the same name - both achieving instant and international success. The album has since been certified Diamond. Over the last four decades George has notched up 8 number one albums in the and 13 number one singles in the UK (including Wham! , Band Aid , and the 'Five Live' EP). In the U.S. he has achieved 2 number one albums and 10 number one singles, with numerous other number one hits throughout the rest of the world. He has performed duets with artists including Aretha Franklin , Elton John , Queen , and Lisa Stansfield , and actively participates in charitable causes, Live Aid and the Freddie Mercury concert for AIDS being just two of the more prominent examples. According to a BBC documentary, George donated more than five million pounds towards various charities. Whilst with Wham!, he donated all the proceeds of 'Last Christmas' (1984) to charity. The single reached number two in the UK and George also performed simultaneously on the number one charity record 'Do They Know It's Christmas?'. George released the single 'December Song' in 2008 as a free download: his hope was that purchasers would donate money to charity. He remained in contact with his Wham! partner and long-time friend Andrew Ridgeley until his death in 2016. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Anonymous Trade Mark (1) Powerful, smooth and soulful voice Trivia (39) He was arrested in April 1998 at a public restroom in Beverly Hills for committing a lewd act in front of an undercover police officer. As a result, for the first time he spoke publicly about being gay. BBC talk show host Michael Parkinson dedicated an episode of his Parkinson (1971) series to an interview with him. Michael also wrote and released the song "Outside", which had lyrics and a music video mocking the whole incident. The arresting police officer filed a civil suit against Michael for defamation of character, but it was dismissed. He enjoyed four UK number one singles with Wham: "Wake Me Up Before You Go Go" (1984), "Freedom" (1984), "I'm Your Man" (1985) and "The Edge of Heaven" (1986). His song "Father Figure" was sampled for PM Dawn 's hit "Looking Through Patient Eyes". He collaborated with Queen and Lisa Stansfield on the British chart-topping "Five Live" (EP) of 1993. The first three singles of George Michael's solo career all went to the number one position on the UK chart: "Careless Whisper" (1984), "A Different Corner" (1986) and "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)" (1987). The latter was a duet with Aretha Franklin . His song with Wham! , "Last Christmas", is the best selling UK hit never to get to number one, reaching the number two position in December 1984, being re-issued and reaching the number six position the next December and being re-issued again and reaching the number 45 position in December 1986. It spent a total of 24 weeks on the UK chart. He sang on the number one and number two Christmas singles of 1984, Band Aid's "Do They Know I	"Masterminds" - Manchester Evening News, December 26, 2015 \| Online Research Library: Questia Read preview Article excerpt 1. What has been the highest selling album of 2015? 2. Who won this year's Strictly Come Dancing? 3. Ford claimed to launch the first 'e-(What?)' at the 2015 Mobile World Congress Show: Pram; bike; dishwasher; or trousers? 4. A 2015 intensive listening study discovered that giraffes actually: Hum; whistle; laugh; or scream? 5. Name the last US president to meet the leader of Cuba before Barack Obama did this year: Clinton; Reagan; Eisenhower; or Washington? 6. Jay Z and Beyonce launched a music streaming service called: Bridal; Tidal; Widal; or Piddle? 7. At auction, $1.2m was paid for Don McLean's original handrwitten lyrics for which 1971 big hit song? 8. The Save the Children charity said it mistakenly awarded which controversial politician a Global Legacy award? 9. An official investigation as to proof of the US moon landings was demanded in 2015 by: Russia; China; NASA; or Donald Trump? 10. The 2015 Epsom Derby was won by Golden: Eye; Horn; Egg; or Handshake? 11. Who became Labour leader in September? 12. Philae, the spaceprobe thought lost until it recommunicated with controllers in 2015 is on: Mars; The Moon; or Comet 67P? 13. Which vast tech corporation opened its first 'Nest' branded intelligent home store in Palo Alto California in 2015? 14. In 2015 Japan lowered its voting age from what to what: 21-19; 20-18; 18-16; 23-20; or 17-15? 15. The abbreviation MERS, significantly impacting South Korea 2015, is otherwise known as: The Asian financial crash; Typhoon Mandy; Seoul Earthquake; or Camel Flu? 16. Christian is the lead character in the film 2015 adaptation of what extraordinarily successful book? 17. Who stepped down as chief of 21st Century Fox: Rupert Murdoch; Clint Eastwood; Donald Trump; or Warren Buffett? 18. An internet picture of a dress baffled people in early 2015, being which two of these colour combinations: Red/pink; green/orange; white/gold; yellow/copper; or blue/black? … Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,370	"Which UKIP MEP quit the party in 2014 over problems with ""Bongo Bongo Land"" and ""women in the kitchen""?"	Purple Rain blog: UKIP MEP: 'Women don't have the ambition to get to the top because babies get in the way' UKIP MEP: 'Women don't have the ambition to get to the top because babies get in the way' posted by: Heather Saul \| on: Wednesday, 27 November 2013, 17:14 UKIP MEP: "Women don't have the ambition to get to the top" from Action 2014 on Vimeo . Ukip members have never been shy and retiring types when it comes to airing their views, with leader Nigel Farage freely admitting he often struggles to reign in his controversy prone members of the "party of radical alternatives and free speech". Who could forget Ukip MEP Godfrey Bloom's reference to "bongo-bongo land", or his 'women who do not clean behind fridges are sluts' joke, which went down like a lead balloon? Now UKIP MEP Stuart Agnew has become the next member to cause a stir by saying women do not have the ambition to get all the way to the top because babies "get in the way". Mr Agnews remarks that babies get in the way of female ambition drew a flurry of attempted blue-card interventions during European Parliament on Tuesday. He said:"The point is we have absolute gender balancing in the education system. In fact, if you look at the people who get degrees more, women get them and they are getting the jobs in the work place, but for various reasons, they don't have the ambition to go right to the top because something gets in the way. It's called a baby. "I've never had a baby, but I understand if you do have a baby it can change your life - it changes your ambitions. So, the route is there. Those females who really want to get to the top do so."	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: November 2014 Macclesfield Pub Quiz League 25th November Cup Round 2 and Plate The Nag’s Head and Cock Inn 1. By what name is the post war “European Recovery Program” better known? MARSHALL PLAN 2. Who directed Marilyn Monroe in “The Seven Year Itch and “Some Like It Hot”? BILLY WILDER 3. Which is the only non-English UK city to host The Eurovision Song Contest? EDINBURGH (1972) 4. Who wrote the opera Madame Butterfly? PUCCINI 5. The cholesterol lowering Product Benecol, was first produced in 1995, in which country? FINLAND 6. Eric Arthur Blair was the real name of which author? GEORGE ORWELL 7. Volubilis is a partly excavated Roman city in which African country? MOROCCO 8. Who was the youngest goalkeeper to play in the England football team? JACK BUTLAND 9. What are wrapped in bacon to make angels on horseback? OYSTERS 10. When she saw her lover captain Vronsky with another woman, which literary heroine threw herself under his parting train? ANNA KARENINA 11. Who has the most international football caps for Wales? NEVILLE SOUTHALL 12. Which king of England abdicated in 1399, and died whilst a prisoner at Pontefract castle in 1400? RICHARD II 13. In which country would you find the Negev Desert? ISRAEL 14. What is the name of Hagar the Horrible’s dog in the famous cartoon strip? SNERT 15. Who ran through the streets naked crying, “Eureka”? ARCHIMEDES 16. Which author writes about the exploits of Dirk Pitt? CLIVE CUSSLER 17. Where did the game of Bridge originate? TURKEY 18. Which country singer who died in 1995, Was known as The Silver Fox? CHARLIE RICH 19. In which city was Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin killed in 1995? TEL AVIV 20. To which saint is Chester Cathedral dedicated? ST. WERBURGH 21. Which London bridge, under construction, was painted by Caneletto? WESTMINSTER 22. Oscar winning actress Geena Davis narrowly missed out on a place in the US women’s team for the 2000 summer Olympics. At which sport? ARCHERY 23. In the artwork by Andy Warhol, how many tins of Campbells soup were there? 32 24. Which US President officially opened the Panama Canal? WOODROW WILSON 25. Which English king was known as “Old Rowley”? CHARLES II 26. What is the name of the village Bard in the ‘Asterix’ stories? CACOFONIX 27. Who is the Artistic Director of the National Theatre? SIR NICHOLAS HYTNER 28. What is the name for a rural villa in Russia? A DACHA 29. Which Elvis Presley film is based on the Harold Robbins novel ‘A Stone For Danny Fisher’? KING CREOLE 30. Who piloted the first airplane flight across the English Channel? LOUIS BLERIOT 31. Who wrote Catch 22? JOSEPH HELLER 32. Who, in 1985, murdered his parents, sister and nephews, at White House Farm in Essex? JEREMY BAMBER 33. Since such ceremonies were established as a matter of course, which King of England was the first not to have a coronation? EDWARD V 34. “But love is blind, and lovers cannot see” is a quotation from which Shakespeare play? THE MERCHANT OF VENICE 35. Which 2011 film starred Matt Damon, Scarlett Johannson and a cast of animals? WE BOUGHT A ZOO 36. In which year did the NHS come into operation? 1948 37. Damien Thorn is the central character in which horror film, originally made in 1976? THE OMEN 38. Which D.H. Lawrence novel is set in Mexico? THE PLUMED SERPENT 39. Which US state has the longest official name? THE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS 40. Who was leader of the Labour Party prior to Clement Atlee? GEORGE LANSBURY 41. Which author writes the ‘Outlander’ series of books, (now a US TV series)? DIANA GABALDON 42. On which London street is the famous Palladium theatre? ARGYLL STREET 43. Who was the commander of the fleet in opposition to Nelson, at the Battle of Trafalgar? PIERRE VILLENEUVE 44. What is unique about the class of mammals known as ‘Monotremes’? EGG LAYING (e.g. Platypus or Spiny Anteater) 45. Winter Banana is variety of which fruit? APPLE 46. Which UK rock band had a UK number 1 hit single in 1994 with a song called ‘Inside’, on the back of a hugely popular Livis TV ad? STILTSKIN 47. Fr	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,371	The Tuareg and the Berber inhabit which desert?	Tuareg nomads of Niger: Blue Men of the Desert The Blue Men of the Desert a legendary culture Legendary herders and caravaners of the Sahara desert, the Tuareg are among the last nomads on earth. Their ancient written language, Tifinagh (or Tamasheq), their music, dance and culture have been the subject of fascinated study and speculation by generations of explorers, archaeologists and scholars. Tifinagh is thought to have derived from the ancient Berber script. The word Tifinagh means 'the Phoenician letters," or possibly comes from the Greek word for writing tablet, pínaks. It is not taught in schools, but is still used occasionally by the Tuareg for private notes, love letters and in decoration. "Men and women towards each other are for the eyes and the heart, and not only for the bed." Tuareg people have a long tradition of music and poetry. Many of the songs sing the praises of women. At festivals and gatherings, women clap and sing together in tende drum circles A matrilineal society, the Tuareg trace their families through women. For example, men hold political power, but when a chief dies, the title goes to his sister’s son. In each family, it is the wife who owns the portable family home. She has her own herd of goats, sheep and camels – affording her financial independence should her husband leave her through death or divorce. At left, a Tuareg women on her way to her wedding. "Salt doesn't say it's salty." The camel is the primary mode of transportation for Tuareg men, and is a badge of joy and pride. Each year, Tuareg men engage in camel races at the annual Cure Salee (Salt Cure) festival in Ingall. Women prefer donkeys for their transport, and children also use donkeys to fetch water. Men are the sole creators of the famous Tuareg jewelry, while women work in straw and leather. Tuareg men cover their heads and mouths, to protect from dust and wind as well as observing respect for the power of the spoken word. Modesty in speech, manner and dress is expressed in both genders; however, women are not expected to veil themselves as the men. "trust in Allah, but tether your camel." The Cross of Agadez is the most famous among the 21 emblems of the Tuareg - 21 different designs, each representing a specific nomadic enclave of Niger. One interpretation among many of the cross design is a representation of the Four Corners of the Earth - a metaphysical and spiritual compass for a people who are always on the move. "Houses are the graves of the living." These legendary desert nomads live in the most severe of environments, yet their love of the desert and the freedom they find there is core to their identity. Many are finding it a challenge to adjust to a more sedentary lifestyle as they lose pastureland to farming and herds to increasing drought. Often, men must live in "exod," migrating to difficult lives on the outskirts of cities such as Agadez and Niamey. Tuareg men participating in camel racing at the annual Cure Salee festival. An ancient silversmith tradition The Tuareg are famous for their stunning silver jewelry, hand etched in traditional designs. Often using silver melted down from vintage coins, Kel Inaden (as the blacksmiths are referred to) was traditionally a calling you are orn into - and jewelry making a distict profession for men only. OWN A PIECE OF TUAREG ARTISTRY - SHOP OUR NOMADIC MARKETPLACE Our Work	World Flags World Flags This page lists of the various symbols in the World Flags group. Flags from countries around the world, including their origins, design and history. Edit this group The Flag of Albania (Albanian: Flamuri i Shqipërisë) is a red flag, with a silhouetted black double-headed eagle in the centre, that represents the sovereign state of Albania located in the Balkans. Adopted april 7, 1992 Flag of Algeria The national flag of Algeria (Arabic: علم الجزائر, Berber: Acenyal n Dzayer) consists of two equal vertical bars, green and white, charged in the center with a red star and crescent. The white color represents peace; the green, the beauty of nature; the red, the blood of those killed fighting for independence in the Algerian War (1954 to 1962) and the star and crescent represent Islam. Flag of Andorra The national flag of the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Bandera d'Andorra) was adopted in 1866. The flag is a vertical tricolour of blue, yellow, and red with the coat of arms of Andorra in the centre. Although the three vertical bars may at first appear to be of equal width, the centre yellow bar is slightly wider than the other two so that the ratio of bar widths is 8:9:8. The overall flag ratio is 7:10. Flag of Bangladesh The national flag of Bangladesh was adopted officially on 17 January 1972. It is based on a similar flag used during the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971. The map was later deleted from the flag, most likely to simplify the design.[citation needed] A red disc is on top of the green field, offset slightly toward the hoist so that it appears centred when the flag is flying. The red disc represents the sun rising over Bengal, and also the blood of those who died for the independence of Bangladesh. The green field stands for the lushness of the land of Bangladesh. Flag of Barbados The national flag of Barbados was officially adopted on 30 November 1966, the island's first Independence Day. It consists of a triband of two bands of ultramarine, which are said to stand for the ocean; separated by a golden middle band, representing the sand on the island. A black trident-head (commonly called the "broken trident"), is centred within the golden band. Flag of Belarus The current national flag of Belarus (Belarusian: Сцяг Беларусі, Stsyah Byelarusi; Russian: Флаг Беларуси, Flag Belarusi) is a red and green flag with a white and red ornament pattern placed at the staff (hoist) end. The current design was introduced in 2012 by the State Committee for Standardization of the Republic of Belarus, and is adapted from a design approved in a referendum in May 1995. The current flag is a modification of the 1951 flag used while the country was a republic of the Soviet Union. The changes from the Byelorussian SSR was to not only remove symbols of communism (the hammer and sickle and also the red star) but it reversed the colors of the ornament pattern from white on red with red on white. Since the 1995 referendum, several flags used by government officials and agencies were modeled from the national flag. Flag of Cameroon The national flag of Cameroon was adopted in its present form on 20 May 1975 after Cameroon became a unitary state. It is a vertical tricolor of green, red and yellow, defaced with a five-pointed star in its center. There is a wide variation in the size of the central star, although it is always contained within the inside stripe. Flag of Canada The National Flag of Canada, also known as the Maple Leaf and l'Unifolié (French for "the one-leafed"), is a flag consisting of a red field with a white square at its centre, in the middle of which is featured a stylized, 11-pointed, red maple leaf. Flag of Chile The national flag of Chile, consists of two unequal horizontal bands of white and red and a blue square the same height as the white band in the canton, which bears a white five-pointed star in the center. It was adopted on 18 October 1817. The Chilean flag is also known in Spanish as La Estrella Solitaria (The Lone Star). Flag of China The flag of the People's Republic of China is a	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,372	What/who was Yahweh, (expanded from Hebrew YHWH), in the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah?	Yahweh - Memidex dictionary/thesaurus Yahweh a name for the God of the Old Testament Class: Wikipedia: Yahweh the national god of the Iron Age kingdoms of Israel and Judah. The origins of the worship of Yahweh are obscure, but reach back at least to the early Iron Age and probably to the Late Bronze Age. His name may have begun as an epithet of the god El,... (50 of 4445 words, pronunciations)	table: sons of Jacob, 12 tribes of Israel Part IV - Marching Order of the Tribes Part I - Introductory Facts about the 12 Tribes of Israel Abraham begot Isaac. Isaac begot Jacob. To be an Israelite by blood, a person must be a descendent of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Jacob begot 12 sons who are listed herein in subsequent sections. The 12 sons of Jacob are the patriarchs of the 12 Tribes of Israel. For example, Jacob's son Benjamin is the patriarch of the Tribe of Benjamin. Jacob's son Reuben is the patriarch of the Tribe of Reuben. And so forth. Well-known descendants of certain Tribes Tribe of Benjamin - King Saul, Paul the apostle [a.k.a. Saul of Tarsus] Tribe of Levi - Moses, Aaron Tribe of Judah - King David, King Solomon, many other kings; Lord Jesus, the Messiah The Promised Land [Canaan], plus an area on the east side of the Jordan River, was allocated among the 12 Tribes. [Num 33.54; Num 36.3-9] As the priestly Tribe, Levi was given no land. [Num 18.20, 18.24] Instead of land, God gave Levi the tithes of the people of Israel. Jacob's son Joseph had two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim. By Jacob's command [Gen 48.5], Joseph's sons, Manasseh and Ephraim, were regarded as de facto "Tribes" of Israel. Thus, the land allocations of Joseph and Levi were given instead to Ephraim and Manasseh, preserving twelve as the number of tribes. [Josh 14.3-4] There is no such thing as "10 lost tribes of Israel." [Mt 10.6, Acts 26.7, Jam 1.1, Rev 7.1-8; Ezek 37] Part II Sons of Jacob [Names, Mothers, Birth Verses] Sons of Jacob Meaning of Name Mother Birth Verse 01-Reuben See, a son Leah So Leah conceived and bore a son, and she called his name Reuben; for she said, "The LORD has surely seen my affliction. Now therefore, my husband will love me." Gen 29.32 02-Simeon Hearing Leah Then she conceived again and bore a son, and said, "Because the LORD has heard that I am unloved, He has therefore given me this son also." And she called his name Simeon. Gen 29.33 03-Levi Joined; attached Leah She conceived again and bore a son, and said, "Now this time my husband will become attached to me, because I have borne him three sons." Therefore his name was called Levi. Gen 29.34 04-Judah Yah be praised Leah And she conceived again and bore a son, and said, "Now I will praise Yahweh." Therefore she called his name Judah. Then she stopped bearing. Gen 29.35 05-Dan Judge Bilhah (Rachel's servant) Then Rachel said, "God has judged my case; and He has also heard my voice and given me a son." Therefore she called his name Dan. Gen 30.6 06-Naphtali My wrestling Bilhah (Rachel's servant) Rachel said, "With great wrestlings I have wrestled with my sister, and indeed I have prevailed." So she called him Naphtali. Gen 30.6 07-Gad Troop; invader; good fortune Zilpah (Leah's servant) Then Leah said, "A troop comes!" So she called his name Gad. Gen 30.11 08-Asher Happy Zilpah (Leah's servant) Then Leah said, "I am happy, for the daughters will call me blessed." So she called his name Asher. Gen 30.13 09-Issachar Man of hire Leah Leah said, "God has given me my hire [wages] because I have given my maid to my husband." So she called his name Issachar. Gen 30.18 10-Zebulun Dwelling Leah Leah said, "...now my husband will dwell with me, because I have borne him six sons." So she called his name Zebulun. Gen 30.20b 11-Joseph Increaser Rachel So she called his name Joseph, and said, "The LORD shall add to me another son." Gen 30.24 12-Benjamin Son of the right hand Rachel As her soul was departing (for she died), she called his name Ben-Oni [son of my sorrow]; but his father called him Ben-Jamin. Gen 35.18 Part III - Prophecies about the 12 Tribes Sons of Jacob Genesis 49.1-27 Moses' Blessings Deuteronomy 33.6-25 01-Reuben Reuben, you are my firstborn, My might and the beginning of my strength, The excellency of dignity and the excellency of power. Unstable as water, you shall not excel, Because you went up to your father's bed; Then you defiled it -He went up to my couch. Let Reuben live, and	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,373	In the human body what name is given collectively to the five long bones of the foot?	Understanding The Anatomy of the Bones of the Foot Understanding The Anatomy of the Bones of the Foot Authored by Hindfoot & Tarsal Bones Over 25 percent of our bones are located in our feet. There are twenty-six bones that make up the complex structure of each foot. The foot is a strong mechanism, and it supports our entire body weight during all upright activities (standing, walking, running, etc). It remains flexible, durable, and resilient under enormous pressure. Structurally, the foot consists of three main parts: the forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot. Anatomically, the bones of the foot are known as the tarsal bones, metatarsal bones, and phalanges. Let’s break down each category and discuss the importance of each bone. Forefoot: Phalanges and Metatarsal Bones The forefoot comprises fourteen phalanges and five metatarsal bones. One phalanx of each of the five toes connects to one of the five metatarsals. The toes are numbered one through five, starting with the big toe, which is technically known as the hallux. Some people like to call the fifth toe the “pinky.” The phalanges are referred to as follows: The proximal phalanx is the base of each toe and articulates the metatarsal bone and middle phalanx. The middle phalanx is located under the distal phalanx in the second, third, fourth and fifth toes only. The hallux does not have a middle phalanx. The distal phalanx is found at the end of each toe, forming the tip of the toes. There are five metatarsals in each foot. The metatarsals are the long bones located between the tarsal bones and the phalanges. Each metatarsal has a long shaft with two expanded ends called the base and the head. They form part of the foot’s arch and serve both as a major shock absorber and a weight-transfer mechanism. They are connected to the forefoot and midfoot by muscles, tendons, and a special ligament known as the plantar fascia. The metatarsals are not named individually; rather, they are numbered first through fifth, starting with the big toe. Here is a quick description of each of the metatarsal bones: The first metatarsal bone is the shortest and thickest. The second metatarsal bone is the longest and is firmly held between the first and third cuneiform bones. This bone is most susceptible to injury. The third metatarsal bone is in the middle and articulates the third cuneiform, as well as the second and fourth metatarsal bones. The fourth metatarsal bone is smaller than the third, but like the third it also articulates the surrounding metatarsals (the third and fifth), and also articulates the cuboid. The fifth metatarsal bone articulates the cuboid and the fourth metatarsal. Jones fractures and stress fractures are common injuries to this bone. There are also two tiny bones located under the hallux (big toe) called sesamoid bones. Sesamoid bones develop within the tendon of a muscle to protect the tendon from wear and tear at the point where it passes over the end of the metatarsal bone. They bear the weight of the body when the toe pushes off in walking or running. Though it is less common, sesamoid bones can be found elsewhere in the foot within other flexor tendons of the toes. Midfoot: Lesser Tarsal Bones The five bones that make up the midfoot are collectively known as the lesser tarsal bones. They act as an intermediary to transfer weight from the hindfoot to the forefoot with each footstep. These bones, along with the joints and ligaments that connect them, make up most of what we would consider the arch of the foot. They include: The navicular bone is boat-shaped and located in the middle of the foot. It articulates with the talus and the three cuneiform bones. The cuboid bone is shaped like a cube and is the last of the seven tarsal bones, articulating with the fourth and fifth metatarsal bones, calcaneus, and navicular bones. There are three cuneiform bones in all: medial, intermediate, and lateral. They are located in the midfoot region, articulating with the corresponding metatarsal bones and navicular bone. Hindfoot: Greater Tarsal bones The hindfoot connects the foo	Do I Know This ? Do I Know This ? Updated May 17, 2013, 12:23 AM Have you ever wondered who's got the most number of top singles in U.K ? Have you ever wondered which company is the world's top Global Brand ? Have you ever wondered which country has got the most or the highest number of Netizens ? Use template Amazing Facts 100 amazing & unknown facts! # Our eyes remain the same size from birth onward, but our nose and ears never stop growing. # The Barbie doll’s full name is Barbara Millicent Roberts. # The Mona Lisa has no eyebrows. # Ants never sleep! # When the moon is directly overhead, you will weigh slightly less. # Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone, never called his wife or mother because they were both deaf. # An ostrich’s eye is bigger than its brain. # “I Am” is the shortest complete sentence in the English language. # Babies are born without knee caps – actually, they’re made of cartilage and the bone hardens between the ages of 2 and 6 years. # Happy Birthday (the song) is copyrighted. # Butterflies taste with their feet. # A “jiffy” is an actual unit of time for 1/100th of a second. # It is impossible to sneeze with your eyes open. # Leonardo Da Vinci invented the scissors. # Minus 40 degrees Celsius is exactly the same as minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit. # No word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver or purple. # Shakespeare invented the words “assassination” and “bump.” # Stewardesses is the longest word typed with only the left hand. # Elephants are the only animals that cannot jump. # The names of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with. # The sentence, “The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog” uses every letter in the English language. # The shortest war in history was between Zanzibar and England in 1896. Zanzibar surrendered after 38 minutes. # The strongest muscle in the body is the tongue. # The word “lethologica” describes the state of not being able to remember the word you want. # Camels have three eyelids to protect themselves from the blowing desert sand. # TYPEWRITER is the longest word that can be made using the letters on only one row of the keyboard. # You can’t kill yourself by holding your breath. # Money isn’t made out of paper. It’s made out of cotton. # Your stomach has to produce a new layer of mucus every two weeks or it will digest itself. # The dot over the letter “i” is called a tittle. # A duck’s quack doesn’t echo. No one knows why! # The “spot” on the 7-Up comes from its inventor who had red eyes – he was an albino. ’7′ was because the original containers were 7 ounces and ‘UP’ indicated the direction of the bubbles. # Chocolate can kill dogs, as it contains theobromine, which affects their heart and nervous system. # Because metal was scarce, the Oscars given out during World War II were made of plaster. # There are only two words in the English language that have all five vowels in order: “abstemious” and “facetious.” # If one places a tiny amount of liquor on a scorpion, it will instantly go mad and sting itself to death. # Bruce Lee was so fast that they actually had to slow film down so you could see his moves. # The original name for butterfly was flutterby. # By raising your legs slowly and laying on your back, you cannot sink into quicksand. # Dogs and cats, like humans, are either right or left handed. # Charlie Chaplin once won the third prize in a Charlie Chaplin look-alike contest. # Sherlock Holmes NEVER said “Elementary, my dear Watson”. # The Guinness Book of Records holds the record for being the book most often stolen from Public Libraries. # Bats always turn left when exiting a cave. # The shortest English word that contains the letters A, B, C, D, E, and F is “feedback.” # All Polar bears are left-handed. # In England, the Speaker of the House is not allowed to speak. # “Dreamt” is the only English word that ends in the letters “mt.” # Almonds are a member of the peach family, and apples belong to the rose family. # Peanuts are one of the ingredients of dynamite. # The only 15 letter word	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,374	In Greek mythology, who nightly swam the Hellespont to meet his lover?	Hellespont * People, Places, & Things * Greek Mythology: From the Iliad to the Fall of the Last Tyrant H to Helike Helikon to Hexa Hieroglyphics to Holy Twain Homados to Hystaspes 2 Hellespont The ancient Greek name for the Dardanelles Strait which separates European Turkey from Asian Turkey; the narrow waterway connects the Sea of Marmara to the Aegean Sea ; approximately 37 miles (60 kilometers) long and up to 4 miles (6.5 kilometers) wide. The name literally means Helle’s Sea because it was named after the maiden, Helle , when she fell from the back of the flying ram with the Golden Fleece and drowned in the sea below; Helle and her brother, Phrixus , were attempting to escape the evil plotting of their stepmother, Ino , when Helle fell from the ram and drowned. The Hellespont also claimed the lives of the two young lovers, Leander and Hero ; the city of Abydos was on the Asian side of the Hellespont and the city of Sestos was on the Greek side; each night, Leander would swim from Abydos to Sestos in order to meet the beautiful priestess of Aphrodite (goddess of Love), Hero ; Leander would swim the channel with the lights of Sestos to guide him; one night Leander lost his way in a storm and drowned before he could reach the shore; Hero was so distraught that she threw herself in the sea where she also perished in the cruel water. The Persian army of Xerxes built a 4,077 foot pontoon bridge across the Hellespont during the Persian invasion of Greece in 480 BCE; in order to span the channel, a series of boats were lashed side-to-side and planks were laid across the boats from one shore to the other; when violent winds broke the bridge to pieces, Xerxes had men with whips pronounce curses and deliver three hundred lashes on the water; he lowered a yoke into the water to symbolize his domination and finally branded the water with hot irons; the men who had been responsible for the bridge’s construction were beheaded; after he had calmed down, Xerxes repented and made offerings to the water spirits of the Hellespont so that he might be forgiven for his act of irreverence; to appease the waterway, he burned incense, poured libations, offered myrtle branches, a golden cup and bowl and also a sword; whether Xerxes did these things to appease the Hellespont or as a tribute to the sun god of Greece is not clear, regardless, the bridge was completed and the troops marched safely across. The name of the Hellespont was changed to Dardanelles in honor of ancestor of the Trojans , Dardanos (Dardanus). How to Cite this Page Cut and paste the following text for use in a paper or electronic document report. Stewart, Michael. "People, Places & Things: Hellespont", Greek Mythology: From the Iliad to the Fall of the Last Tyrant. http://messagenetcommresearch.com/myths/ppt/Hellespont_1.html Cut and paste the following html for use in a web report. Stewart, Michael. "People, Places & Things: Hellespont", <i>Greek Mythology: From the Iliad to the Fall of the Last Tyrant</i>. http://messagenetcommresearch.com/myths/ppt/Hellespont_1.html Cut and paste the following html for use in a web report. This format will link back to this page, which may be useful but may not be required. Stewart, Michael. "People, Places & Things: Hellespont", <i>Greek Mythology: From the Iliad to the Fall of the Last Tyrant</i>. <a href="http://messagenetcommresearch.com/myths/ppt/Hellespont_1.html">http://messagenetcommresearch.com/myths/ppt/Hellespont_1.html</a>	Dictionary of Greek & Roman Mythology Dictionary of the Greeks and Romans Mythology Abaris In Greek mythology Abaris was a priest to the god Apollo. Apollo gave him a golden arrow which rendered him invisible and also cured diseases and gave oracles. Abaris gave the arrow to Pythagoras. Abas Abas was the son of Celeus and Metaneira. He mocked Demeter and was turned into a lizard. By some accounts he was the 12th king of Argolis who owned a magic shield. Abdera Abdera was an ancient Greek city supposedly founded by Hercules in honour of his friend Abderus. Abderus Abderus was a friend of Hercules. Hercules left him to look after the mare of Diomedes, which ate him. Absyrtus Absyrtus (Apsyrtus) was a son of Aeetes, King of Colchis and brother of Medea. When Medea fled with Jason she took Absyrtus with her and when her father nearly overtook them she murdered Absyrtus and cut his body into pieces and threw it around the road so that her father would be delayed picking up the pieces of his son. Acacetus Acacetus is a name sometimes given to Hermes because of his eloquence. Acamas Acamas was a son of Theseus and Phaedra. He went to Troy with Diomedes to demand the return of Helen. Acastus Acastus was a son of Pelias. He was one of the argonauts. Acestes In Greek mythology, Acestes was a Sicilian bowman who in a trial of skill discharge an arrow with such force that it ignited. Achaeus In Greek mythology, Achaeus was a son of Xuthus and Creusa. He returned to Thessaly and recovered the dominions of which his father had been deprived. Achates In Greek mythology Achates was a companion of Aeneas in his wanderings subsequent to his flight from Troy. He typified a faithful friend and companion. Achelous In Greek mythology, Achelous was a river god who changed into a snake and a bull while fighting Hercules, but was defeated when Hercules broke off one of his horns. Achemon Achemon and his brother Basalas were two Cercopes who were for ever arguing. One day they insulted Hercules, who tied them by their feet to his club and marched off with them like a brace of hares. Acheron Acheron was one of the rivers of Hades. Acherusia In Greek mythology, Acherusia was a cave on the borders of Pontus which led to the infernal regions. It was through this cave that Hercules dragged Cerberus to earth. Achilles In Greek mythology, Achilles was the son of Peleus, king of the Myrmidons in Thessaly, and of the sea nymph Thetis, who rendered him invulnerable, except for the heel by which she held him, by dipping him in the river Styx. Achilles killed Hector at the climax of the Iliad, and according to subsequent Greek legends was himself killed by Paris, who shot a poisoned arrow into Achilles' heel. Acis In Greek mythology, Acis was a son of Faunus and a river nymph. He loved the sea-nymph Galatea and was killed by his jealous rival Polyphemus. Acrisius In Greek mythology, Acrisius was a son of Abas and the twin brother of Proteus with whom he quarrelled even in the womb. He was the father of Danae. When Abas died, Acrisius expelled Proteus from his inheritance, but Proteus returned supported by Iobates and Acrisius was compelled to give him Tiryns while he kept Argos. Actaeon In Greek mythology, Actaeon was a great hunter who was turned into a stag by Artemis for looking on her while she was bathing. He was subsequently torn to pieces by his own dogs. Adaro In the mythology of the Solomon Islands, Adaro is a sea-spirit. Addanc The addanc was a dwarf or marine monster which lived near lake llyon. He was killed in some accounts by Peredu who obtained a magic stone which made him invisible. Adrastus Adrastus was the son of Talaus and the king of Argos. He attempted to restore Polynices to his throne at Thebes, he failed but led a second assault leading the Epigoni. He died of grief when he heard that his son had been killed in the Epigoni assault. Aello Aello was one of the harpies. Aeneas Aeneas was a Trojan hero. He was the son of Anchises and Aphrodite. He led the survivors of the Trojan war to Italy. Aeolus Aeolus was the son of Hippotes. He live	trivia_qa.jsonl

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