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1,505,875	Oklo in Gabon, Africa is the only known place in the world where what reaction occurs naturally?	Oklo Reactor – Mounana, Gabon \| Atlas Obscura Please separate multiple addresses with commas. We won't share addresses with third parties. Subscribe me to the Atlas Obscura Newsletter Many people think nuclear power is an invention of mankind, and some even think it violates the laws of nature. But nuclear power is in fact a naturally occurring phenomenon, and life could not exist without it. That’s because our sun (and every other star for that matter) is itself a giant power plant, lighting up the solar system through a process known as thermonuclear fusion. Humans, however, generate power through a different process called nuclear fission, which releases energy by splitting atoms rather than combining them as in the fusion process. No matter how ingenious our race may seem though, even fission reactors are old news to Mother Nature. In a singular but well-documented circumstance, scientists have found evidence that naturally occurring fission reactors were created inside three uranium ore deposits in the west African country of Gabon. Two billion years ago, the uranium-rich mineral deposits became flooded with groundwater, setting off a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. The energy that was subsequently released then raised temperatures enough to begin boiling away the water, but when the mineral deposits eventually cooled down the nuclear reactions would start back up again. By examining the levels of certain isotopes of xenon gas (a byproduct of the uranium fission process) in the surrounding rock, scientists have determined the natural reactor proceeded in this start-stop fashion at intervals of about two and a half hours. In this manner, the uranium deposits in the Oklo region of Gabon created a natural nuclear power plant that operated for hundreds of thousands of years until most of the fissile uranium was depleted. While a majority of the uranium at Oklo is the non-fissile isotope U238, only about 3% needed to be the fissile isotope U235 for the chain reaction to start. Today, that percent of fissile uranium in the deposits is around 0.7%, indicating that the deposit had sustained reactions for a relatively long period of time. But it was this exact characteristic of the rocks from Oklo that first puzzled scientists. The low levels of U235 were first noticed in 1972 by employees of the Pierrelatte uranium enrichment facility in France. During routine mass spectrometry analysis of samples from the Oklo mine, it was discovered that the concentration of the fissile uranium isotope differed by three thousandths of a percent (%0.003) from the expected value. This seemingly small difference was significant enough to alert authorities, who were concerned that the missing uranium could be used to develop nuclear weapons. But later that year, scientists found the answer to the two-billion-year-old secret: the world’s first, and only natural, nuclear reactor.	The PeopleString Story The PeopleString Story Fun Food Trivia Fun food trivia questions and answers. What milk product did the U.S. Agriculture Department propose as a substitute for meat in school lunches, in 1996? A: Yogurt. What breakfast cereal was Sonny the Cuckoo Bird "cuckoo for"? A: Cocoa Puffs. Why was the Animal Crackers box designed with a string handle? A: The animal shaped cookie treats were introduced in 1902 as a Christmas novelty, and packaged so they would be hung from the Christmas trees. On what vegetable did an ancient Egyptian place his right hand when taking an oath? A: The onion. Its round shape symbolized eternity. How many flowers are in the design stamped on each side of an Oreo cookie? A: Twelve. Each as four petals. Black-eyed peas are not peas. What are they? A: Beans What European nation consumes more spicy Mexican food than any other? A: Norway What part of the banana is used to make banana oil? A: No part. Banana oil, a synthetic compound made with amyl alcohol, is named for its banana-like aroma. Under what name did the Domino's Pizza chain get its start? A: DomNick's What was margarine called when it was first marketed in England? A: Butterine What are the two top selling spices in the world? A: Pepper is 1st and mustard is second. What was the name of Cheerios when it was first marketed 50 years ago? A: Cheerioats What flaver of ice cream did Baskin-Robbins introduce to commemorate Americ's landing on the moon on July 20, 1969? A: Lunar Cheescake What is the most widely eaten fish in the world? A: The Herring What is the name of the evergeen shrub from which we get capers? A: The caper bush. What fruits were crossed to produce the nectarine? A: None. The nectarine is a smooth skinned variety of the peach. What animals milk is used to make authentic Italian mozzarella cheese? A: The water buffalo's. What nation produces two thirds of the world's vanilla? A: Madagascar. Why did candy maker Milton S. Hershey switch from making caramels to chocolate bars in 1903? A: Caramels didn't retain the imprint of his name in summertime, chocolate did. What was the drink we know as the Bloody Mary originally called? A: The Red Snapper, which was its name when it crossed the Atlantic from Harry's New York Bar in Paris. What was the first commercially manufactured breakfast cereal? A: Shredded Wheat. When Birdseye introduced the first frozen food in 1930, what did the company call it? A: Frosted Food. Company officials feared the word frozen would suggest flesh burns. The name was changed to frozen soon after. What American city produces most of the egg rolls sold in grocery stores in the United States? A: Houston, Texas. What was the first of H.J. Heinz' "57 varieties"? A: Horseradish, marketed in 1869 What is the literal meaning of the Italian word linguine? A: Little tongues. Where did the pineapple plant originate? A: In South America. It didn't reach Hawaii until the early nineteenth century. What recipe, first published 50 years ago, has been requested most frequently through the years by the readers of "Better Homes and Garden"? A: The recipe for hamburger pie, which has been updated and republished a number of times over the years. What is the only essential vitamin not found in the white potato? A: Vitamin A PeopleString Homepage & Mailbox-CashBox Tutorial Learning all the new things necessary for you to become efficient on the PeopleString Homepage can be a bit confusing when you are a new member. This video will help you to become more familiar with some of the functions of the PeopleString Homepage. I hope you find that this will also help you to become better at recommending PeopleString to your friends, family and interested people of the world. Thinking of joining the PeopleString team? There is no better time than now, as the Ground Floor opportunities are filling up fast. Just click on the this link for more info. The PeopleString Story PeopleString 'Where You Own the Web'. It is the new wave in relationship and social communities; it has the Creativity, Culture, Expressive Forums and p	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,876	Who played 'Holly Golightly' in Breakfast at Tiffany's?	Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON TV ON DISC ALL A young New York socialite becomes interested in a young man who has moved into her apartment building. Director: Truman Capote (based on the novel by), George Axelrod (screenplay) Stars: a list of 25 titles created 02 Jun 2013 a list of 40 titles created 25 Jul 2013 a list of 27 titles created 06 Oct 2013 a list of 42 titles created 30 Oct 2013 a list of 28 titles created 11 months ago Title: Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961) 7.7/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 2 Oscars. Another 10 wins & 12 nominations. See more awards » Videos A bored and sheltered princess escapes her guardians and falls in love with an American newsman in Rome. Director: William Wyler A playboy becomes interested in the daughter of his family's chauffeur, but it's his more serious brother who would be the better man for her. Director: Billy Wilder An impromptu fashion shoot at a book store brings about a new fashion model discovery in the shop clerk. Director: Stanley Donen Romance and suspense ensue in Paris as a woman is pursued by several men who want a fortune her murdered husband had stolen. Who can she trust? Director: Stanley Donen Romantic comedy about a woman who must steal a statue from a Paris museum to help conceal her father's art forgeries, and the man who helps her. Director: William Wyler A couple in the south of France non-sequentially spin down the highways of infidelity in their troubled ten-year marriage. Director: Stanley Donen When two male musicians witness a mob hit, they flee the state in an all-female band disguised as women, but further complications set in. Director: Billy Wilder The sprightly young assistant of a Hollywood screenwriter helps him over his writer's block by acting out his fantasies of possible plots. Director: Richard Quine A troublemaking student at a girls' school accuses two teachers of being lesbians. Director: William Wyler Five high school students, all different stereotypes, meet in detention, where they pour their hearts out to each other, and discover how they have a lot more in common than they thought. Director: John Hughes In Casablanca, Morocco in December 1941, a cynical American expatriate meets a former lover, with unforeseen complications. Director: Michael Curtiz After leaving a wealthy Belgian family to become a nun, Sister Luke struggles with her devotion to her vows during crisis, disappointment, and World War II. Director: Fred Zinnemann Edit Storyline Holly Golightly is a flighty Manhattan party girl, who expects "money for the powder room as well as for cab fare" for her companionship. She has even gotten a lucrative once weekly job to visit notorious convict Sally Tomato in Sing Sing, she needing to report back to Sally's lawyer the weather report that Sally tells her as proof of her visits with him in return for payment. Her aspirations for glamor and wealth are epitomized by the comfort she feels at Tiffany's, the famous high end jewelry retailer where she believes nothing can ever go wrong. Her resolve for this wealth is strengthened, if not changed slightly in focus, upon news from home. Into Holly's walk-up apartment building and thus her life is Paul Varjak, a writer who Holly states reminds her of her brother Fred, who she has not seen in years and who is currently enlisted in the army. The two quickly become friends in their want for something outside of their current lot. Paul's situation is closer to Holly's than he ... Written by Huggo See All (111) » Taglines: Audrey Hepburn as Holly Golightly. . .the most hilarious heroine who ever rumpled the pages of a best-seller. . .is serving wild oats and wonderful fun! See more » Genres: 5 October 19	Royal baby - who's next in line? Guide to the new line of succession to the British throne \| Daily Mail Online Femail Today Keeping everyone guessing! Amal Clooney wears loose-fitting two-piece for appearance in Davos with husband George after pregnancy rumors 'Zits and all!' Brandi Glanville posts a makeup-free snap after having a non-surgical facelift Showed off results of a recent beauty treatment 'He looks like a soccer mom enjoying hunting season!' NFL star Jay Cutler is body-shamed after his wife posts 'unflattering' shot of their Mexican vacation Lisa Rinna calls Kyle Richards an 'enabler' of older sister Kim on The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills Another round of drama between the ladies 'We're surprised she showed up': Kim Kardashian 'shocked production staff by filming cameo in heist film Ocean's 8'... after revealing terror of her own robbery ordeal What will Bella say? Kylie Jenner puts on a busty display in racy outfit as she enjoys a night out with Bella's ex The Weeknd and her boyfriend Tyga Eating for two! Heavily pregnant Ciara glows as she goes on breakfast date with NFL hubby Russell Wilson The beauty showed off her huge baby bump What a catch! Bikini-clad Ashley Graham traps a lobster while modeling for swim campaign in Caribbean Just another day in the office Melania Trump 'will wear Ralph Lauren at her husband's inauguration': Designer is frontrunner for her outfit American designer Step aside Emma Stone! Ryan Gosling sweeps Ellen DeGeneres off her feet in La La Land behind-the-scenes spoof Hilarious parody So in love! Matthew McConaughey plants a kiss on gorgeous wife Camila Alves at Gold premiere in NYC He's just a big kid at heart Nina Dobrev shows off her slim figure in a colour-block dress for appearance on The Tonight Show She has been on the promotional trail Oh no! Sofia Vergara cries for help as she gets heel caught in escalator grate... but it's just a bit of overacting for Modern Family She wailed and flailed Sweet treat! Alessandra Ambrosio shows off more than just a cupcake in a daring romper from her own collection Sleavage-baring look Kendall Jenner flaunts her endless legs in skintight leather pants as she shops in NYC with rumoured love interest A$AP Rocky Make-up free Ashlee Simpson looks flush-faced after working up a sweat at the gym Showed off her dedication to fitness Ariana Grande boldly declares herself the 'hardest working 23-year-old human being on Earth' and an incredulous internet claps back Knee bother? Kristen Stewart shows off nasty scrapes on her leg in ripped jeans as she jets into Los Angeles She has always been something of a tomboy Save the date! Serena Williams says she'll start planning wedding to Alexis Ohanian after Australian Open Talk about her engagement Girls gone wild! Malin Akerman rocks leopard print coat as Emmanuelle Chiquiri flashes cleavage at LA premiere of The Space Between Us Tat-two can play at that game! Zayn Malik boasts new 'love' inking on his hand... after his girlfriend Gigi Hadid flashed band on her wedding finger Shady lady! Cool cat Gigi Hadid wears sunglasses in the dark as she goes for a stroll in green fur coat... and hides ring finger amid engagement rumors George Michael's lover Fadi Fawaz 'calls in a celebrity bodyguard' as singer's friend says the star was taking crack cocaine before he died She's no Honey Monster! Makeup free Amy Adams stocks up on Cocoa Pebbles cereal in Beverly Hills Sweet treats Makeup free Ashley Greene pampers herself at the salon as she flashes diamond engagement ring The Twilight Saga star SPONSORED To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video How one woman overcame poverty to form a multi-million dollar business Natural beauty Idina Menzel, 45, glows without a stitch of makeup while showing of her ice at LAX Displayed her natural beauty Mel B flaunts her incredible curves in a micro-mini dress as she steps out in NYC... while the future of Spice Girls off-shoot GEM hangs in the balance Sweet tooth! Jessica Biel goes shopping for c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,877	Which film star did Elvis Presley's daughter, Lisa Marie, marry in August 2002? He filed for divorce just 108 days later.	Lisa Marie Presley : Elvis Presleys Princess : Lisa Marie Presley : : 'For Elvis Fans Only' Official Elvis Presley Fan Club Lisa Marie and Elvis Presley Video Duet : I Love You Because We now have for you to watch the emotional duet featuring Lisa Marie Presley and Elvis singing 'I Love You Because'. The audio 'single' is now available to purchase from iTunes and the video will be available beginning October 25, 2012. However only via the US website and those outside the US probably can't purchase at this time. The video itself is a masterpiece that I must say brought tears to my eyes. You will see Lisa Marie in the Sun studio recording the song and home film of Elvis' grandchildren, Lisa and Priscilla. Lisa Marie performs a wonderful duet with her late father and does not 'take over' the song - with the first 1 minute 33 seconds with only Elvis' vocals before Lisa joins in for the remaining 1 minute 22 seconds. Loading the player ... Video : Lisa Marie and Elvis Presley : In The Ghetto Duet : (03:10) Loading the player ... Elvis talks about Lisa Marie : (00:26) In concert, Elvis talks about how Lisa calls him Alvis. Loading the player ... Video : Lisa Marie and Elvis Presley : Don't Cry Daddy : Duet : Live 1997 : (03:49) Loading the player ... Lisa Marie Presley and Riley Keough on Oprah : September 12, 2007 Lisa Marie Presley Biography As the only child of Elvis Aaron Presley, rock & roll's first and most celebrated rock star, and Priscilla Presley, Lisa Marie Presley would have to work extremely hard to establish her own individuality, far far away from her famous Father. It would be a rough road, but Lisa Marie had the spark and rawness to do it and to do it on her own terms. Born to Elvis and Priscilla Presley on February 1, 1968, Elvis' only daughter spent the first four years of her life at Gracelan d where she was the apple of her father's eye. When her parents split in 1972, Lisa Marie left Memphis with her mother for the suburbs of Los Angeles, but would regularly visit Elvis in Memphis. Music was undoubtedly a big part of her life; Elton John, David Cassidy and some of Elvis' softer songs were her favorites. Having music around allowed Lisa Marie an escape. The tension between two households and the geographic distance apart was emotionally taxing for a young girl; such stress came to head August 16, 1977 when her father died. Lisa Marie was nine-years-old. The decade that followed showed an aggressive young lady that lacked direction and discipline. Lisa Marie meddled in drugs during her teenage years while listening to Devo and The Sex Pistols. At age 18, she left drugs behind and began following Scientology. During this time, Lisa Marie began writing songs, but the process proved nerve-racking. Lisa Marie was aware of the pressures of being Elvis Presley's daughter, so she didn't exactly pursue songwriting that seriously. She had something else in mind; she married her longtime boyfriend, Danny Keough, in 1988. The six-year marriage produced two children, Danielle and Ben . Motherhood grounded her, but not entirely -- Lisa Marie was a rebel at heart and the tabloids loved it. In 1994, rumors circulated that she and Michael Jackson had tied the knot in the Dominican Republic. The union was initially denied in May, but the world couldn't believe their eyes when Lisa Marie and the King of Pop appeared on the annual MTV Music Awards four months later. The two locked lips to the crowd's surprise and those watching at home were equally a gasp. Was it a gimmick or real love? Between television appearances and media scrutiny, Lisa Marie had had enough of Michael Jackson and divorced him 1997. She was mentally and physically exhausted. Music soothed her once more and a chance meeting with producer Glen Ballard motivated Lisa Marie to give the music thing another try. Ballard was impressed with her dark, luckless melodies and inked her a deal with Capitol. Her debut album was slated for a 2000 release, but Ballard didn't stick around to the final product. The next year, Lisa Marie starting dating actor Nicolas Cage;	Elvis Presley - Biography - IMDb Elvis Presley Biography Showing all 302 items Jump to: Overview (5) \| Mini Bio (1) \| Spouse (1) \| Trade Mark (10) \| Trivia (225) \| Personal Quotes (36) \| Salary (24) Overview (5) The King of Rock 'n' Roll Height 5' 11¾" (1.82 m) Mini Bio (1) Elvis Aaron Presley was born on January 8, 1935 in East Tupelo, Mississippi, to Gladys Presley (née Gladys Love Smith) and Vernon Presley (Vernon Elvis Presley). He had a twin brother who was stillborn. In September 1948, Elvis and his parents moved to Memphis, Tennessee where he attended Humes High School. In 1953, he attended the senior prom with the current girl he was courting, Regis Wilson. After graduating from high school in Memphis, Elvis took odd jobs working as a movie theater usher and a truck driver for Crown Electric Company. He began singing locally as "The Hillbilly Cat", then signed with a local recording company, and then with RCA in 1955. Elvis did much to establish early rock and roll music. He began his career as a performer of rockabilly, an up-tempo fusion of country music and rhythm and blues, with a strong backbeat. His novel versions of existing songs, mixing 'black' and 'white' sounds, made him popular - and controversial - as did his uninhibited stage and television performances. He recorded songs in the rock and roll genre, with tracks like "Jailhouse Rock" and "Hound Dog" later embodying the style. Presley had a versatile voice and had unusually wide success encompassing other genres, including gospel, blues, ballads and pop music. Teenage girls became hysterical over his blatantly sexual gyrations, particularly the one that got him nicknamed "Elvis the Pelvis" (television cameras were not permitted to film below his waist). In 1956, following his six television appearances on The Dorsey Brothers' "Stage Show", Elvis was cast in his first acting role, in a supporting part in Love Me Tender (1956), the first of 33 movies he starred in. In 1958, Elvis was drafted into the military, and relocated to Bad Nauheim, Germany. There he met and fell in love with 14-year old army damsel Priscilla Ann Wagner ( Priscilla Presley ), whom he would eventually marry after an eight-year courtship, and with whom he had his only child, Lisa Marie Presley . Elvis' military service and the "British Invasion" of the 1960s reduced his concerts, though not his movie/recording income. Through the 1960s, Elvis settled in Hollywood, where he starred in the majority of his thirty-three movies, mainly musicals, acting alongside some of the most well known actors in Hollywood. Critics panned most of his films, but they did very well at the box office, earning upwards of $150 million total. His last fiction film, Change of Habit (1969), deals with several social issues; romance within the clergy, an autistic child, almost unheard of in 1969, rape, and mob violence. It has recently received critical acclaim. Elvis made a comeback in the 1970s with live concert appearances starting in early 1970 in Las Vegas with over 57 sold-out shows. He toured throughout the United States, appearing on-stage in over 500 live appearances, many of them sold out shows. His marriage ended in divorce, and the stress of constantly traveling as well as his increasing weight gain and dependence upon stimulants and depressants took their toll. Elvis Presley died at age 42 on August 16, 1977 at his mansion in Graceland, near Memphis, shocking his fans worldwide. At the time of his death, he had sold more than 600 million singles and albums. Since his death, Graceland has become a shrine for millions of followers worldwide. Elvis impersonators and purported sightings have become stock subjects for humorists. To date, Elvis Presley is the only performer to have been inducted into three separate music 'Halls of Fame'. Throughout his career, he set records for concert attendance, television ratings and recordings sales, and remains one of the best-selling and most influential artists in the history of popular music. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Ed Stephan and Chris Holland Spouse	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,878	What was the first name of the 19th century Russian composer Mussorgsky?	Classical Net - Basic Repertoire List - Mussorgsky Modest Mussorgsky (1839 - 1881) Along with Piotr Ilyitch Tchaikovsky , the greatest Russian composer of the Nineteenth Century, Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (March 9, 1839 - March 16, 1881) was born into a wealthy rural, landowning family. He began by picking out on the piano the tunes he heard from the serfs on his family's estate. At the age of six, he began to study piano with his mother. His parents initially set him out on the career of military officer. He became a cadet and finally commissioned in an elite imperial regiment. Two years later, in 1858, he resigned his commission. During this time, he met a musically-inclined army doctor: Alexander Borodin . The two became friends. In 1861, with Russia's emancipation of the serfs, his family lost significant income, and he was forced to earn a living. In 1863, he began a spotty career in the civil service, which dismissed him at least twice. In 1856, he met the composer Dargomïzhsky, who in turn introduced him to Cesar Cui, Mily Balakirev, and a critic named Victor Stasov. Gradually, Borodin and Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakoff joined to form a loose group known as the "Moguchaya Kuchka" ("the mighty handful" or "the mighty bunch"). All but Stasov nursed ambitions to compose, and all had very definite ideas about what Russian music should be. None of them had formal training in composition. Balakirev and Mussorgsky essentially taught themselves by playing through piano-duet arrangements of orchestral scores. For Russian composers of the time, this was not unusual. Neither Mikhail Glinka , the founder of the nationalist school, nor Dargomïzhsky had formally studied. After all, the first Russian music conservatory had been founded only relatively recently. All were, to one degree or another, amateurs. Rimsky, for example, was a naval officer, Borodin a doctor and chemist. Most writers consider Tchaikovsky the first great Russian composer to have had thorough academic training along German lines. Mussorgsky absorbed these main ideas of the Kuchka: Russian music should express the Russian soul. Russian music should be written in a Russian way. The latter idea meant mainly a rejection of German classical forms in favor of one-off, "organic" forms. Instead of a form determining the nature of the musical materials, the materials shaped the forms – bottom-up, rather than top-down. The Kuchka got these ideas from German Romantic aestheticians and revered those artists who wrote accordingly, like Franz Liszt and Hector Berlioz . Mussorgsky learned composition mainly by doing. His early efforts are in the expected short forms: songs, piano morceaux, and so on. His "apprentice" instrumental works, with the exception of his remarkable Intermezzo in modo classico (1862, describing Russian peasants stepping on and sinking into snowdrifts), are things you could get from just about anybody at the time. However, most of his early songs owe little to any predecessor. Practically from the get-go, Mussorgsky found something original, even among Russian composers, which may arise from the fact that he alone of all the Kuchka grew up in the country, away from the city. He actually heard serfs sing daily as part of his normal environment, and the "crudities" that others tended to soften attracted him in the first place. He also had larger ambitions, encouraged by Balakirev and Stasov. He began several opera projects: an Oedipus (1858-61), a Salammbô (1863-66); and most notably The Marriage (1868), based on Gogol. He completed none of them, for one reason or another, but all of them bore fruit in later works, either by providing numbers Mussorgsky re-used or, in the case of The Marriage, clarifying his ideas of word-setting. He first thought that music should set the patterns of speech "realistically," as Dargomïzhsky had first theorized. While this was fine for songs, The Marriage convinced Mussorgsky that it would not work over a longer span, and he abandoned the opera after composing one act. Much of the rest of is career is spent finding new expr	Brief History of the 1812 Overture Brief History of the 1812 Overture Brief History of the 1812 Overture Author: The 1812 Overture , which you will hear on the Fourth of July, was written by a Russian composer, Tchaikovsky , to celebrate Russia's defeat of Napoleon at Moscow. The Overture begins with a Russian Orthodox hymn and includes the Russian national anthem, God Save the Czar; the French national anthem, La Marseillaise, is very clearly blown to smithereens. The Overture entered the American patriotic songbook in 1974 as a brilliant publicity stunt by Boston Pops conductor Arthur Fiedler . History. (from Wikipedia) In 1880, the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, commissioned by Tsar Alexander II to commemorate the Russian victory, was nearing completion in Moscow; the 25th anniversary of the coronation of Alexander II would be at hand in 1881; and the 1882 Moscow Arts and Industry Exhibition was in the planning stage. Tchaikovsky's friend and mentor Nikolai Rubinstein suggested that he write a grand commemorative piece for use in related festivities. Tchaikovsky began work on the project on October 12, 1880, finishing it six weeks later. The piece was planned to be performed in the square before the cathedral, with a brass band to reinforce the orchestra, the bells of the cathedral and all the others in downtown Moscow playing " zvons " (pealing bells) on cue, and live cannon fire in accompaniment, fired from an electric switch panel in order to achieve the precision demanded by the musical score in which each shot was specifically written. However, this performance did not take place, possibly partly due to the over-ambitious plan. Regardless, the assassination of Alexander II that March deflated much of the impetus for the project. In 1882, at the Arts and Industry Exhibition, the Overture was performed indoors with conventional orchestration. The cathedral was completed on May 26, 1883. Meanwhile, Tchaikovsky complained to his patron Nadezhda von Meck that he was "not a conductor of festival pieces," and that the Overture would be "very loud and noisy, but [without] artistic merit, because I wrote it without warmth and without love," adding himself to the legion of artists who from time to time have castigated their own work. It is this work that would make the Tchaikovsky estate exceptionally wealthy, as it is one of the most performed and recorded works from his catalog. Musical structure Beginning with the plaintive Slavic Orthodox Troparion of the Holy Cross played by four cellos and two violas, the piece moves through a mixture of pastoral and martial themes portraying the increasing distress of the Russian people at the hands of the invading French. This passage includes a Russian folk dance, At the Gate, at my Gate (U Vorot, Vorot"). At the turning point of the invasion—the Battle of Borodino—the score calls for five Russian cannon shots confronting a boastfully repetitive fragment of La Marseillaise. A descending string passage represents the subsequent retreat of the French forces, followed by victory bells and a triumphant repetition of God Preserve Thy People as Moscow burns to deny winter quarters to the French. A musical chase scene appears, out of which emerges the anthem God Save the Tsar! thundering with eleven more precisely scored shots. The overture utilizes counterpoint to reinforce the appearance of the leitmotif that represents the Russian forces throughout the piece. A total of sixteen cannon shots are written into the score of the Overture.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,879	The St John’s River is the longest river in which US state?	DEP Kids Page - St. Johns River Environmental Postcards St. Johns River The St. Johns River, running 310 miles, is the longest river in Florida. It is one of the few major rivers in the nation that flows north, from its start in marshes southwest of Cape Canaveral to Jacksonville and the Atlantic Ocean. In between, it evolves into a series of lakes and emerges into a river averaging two miles wide for its final 100 miles. In early 1596, Don Pedro Menendez explored the St. Johns River and found it, "a likeable spot, full of goodly fish, and the forest inhabited with all kinds of birds and beasts." Royal naturalist John Bartram and his son visited the river in 1765 to study its vast plant and wildlife habitats and called it "a true garden of eden." Today, the St. Johns River provides the backdrop for all of Northeast Florida; it is a vital and critical part of the economy and quality of life. In December 1997, a "River Summit" was held to assess the current state of the river and plan for improvements. This led to the river?s appointment as an "American Heritage River" on July 30, 1998, recognizing its ecological, historic, economic and cultural significance. Federal, state and river community partners are working to restore the great river. Efforts include the restoration of thousands of wetlands acres and their habitats, ecosystem management, waterfront redevelopment, and a development plan to link environmental, historic and cultural sites. The legislature has allocated more than $30 million to address these initiatives. A St. Johns River Celebration is held each March to clean the river?s shores. In the past six years, 33,900 volunteers have collected two and a half million pounds of garbage. The commitment of citizens, government agencies, environmental groups and legislators is ensuring that the St. Johns River will be fully restored and enhanced for the enjoyment of visitors and citizens.	Index-a What does the workplace flexi-hours acronym TOIL stand for? Waterloo, the location of Napoleon's 1815 defeat, is in modern-day: France; Belgium; Spain; or Russia? G-BOAG, G-BOAC, and F-BVFC and the tragic F-BTSC designated what iconic 20thC invention? Name the core specialism of notable Anglo-Danish industrialist Sir Ove Nyquist Arup (1895-1988) and the global (Arup Group) corporation he created: Pharmacy; Structural engineering; Shipbuilding; or Food canning? The famous guitar maker founded in Kalamazoo, Michigan, in 1902 is: Gibson; Fender; Rickenbacker; or Gretsch? Calabria, flanked by the Tyrrhenian and Ionian Seas, is the southern peninsular of which country? In the 1920s Japanese and Austrian physicians Kyusaku Ogino and Hermann Knaus devised the contraceptive method called popularly: Coil; Rhythm; Pill; or Condom? What boom caused gross exploitation of native people of Brazil and adjacent nations by European industrialists c.1879-1912: Rubber; Cotton; Gold; or Silk? What popular Spanish word has various meanings including go, hurry up, come on, let's go, up, upstairs, and above? If a fifth of the charges in a $60 bill are discounted by 25%, what is the total cost? What punning word is an animal's mother, a barrier, and a biblical expletive? The artists Monet, Manet, Degas and Cezanne are mainly noted for what style of art? Comprising 100 centavos, what is the currency of Brazil? What word, derived from Latin meaning to 'pay against the evil of something' refers to expressing disapproval? Ogilvy & Mather, WWP and James Walter Thompson famously operate in: Law; Advertising; Auditing; or Architectural design? What mathematical term originated from Arabic 'awar', meaning 'damage to goods', evolving through French terminology for an apportionment of shipping liabilities between owners of vessel and cargo? What herb is traditionally associated, besides garlic, with the pickling of a gherkin (US pickle)? Avian refers to: Birds; Bees; Apes; or Vikings? Derived from Latin for 'place', what anglicized French word commonly means 'instead' in formal communications? Which inspirational genius created the landmark film 'Modern Times' and its theme song, 'Smile', released in 1936? Brazil's first ever football match as a national team was in 1914 at Laranjeiras stadium, Rio de Janeiro state, against: Argentina; USA; Prussia; or Exeter City? What is/are 'pince-nez': Cream and wine sauce; Ferry tug-boats; Armless spectacles; or Four-legged trousers for dogs? The Arabic term 'Al-jebr' (reunion of broken parts) is famously associated with: Disaster relief; TV news; Twin skyscrapers; or Algebra? The UHF wireless technology developed by Eriksson in 1994 for data transfer between devices in close proximity is: Silverlip; Bluetooth; Rednose; or Goldeye? What is the '1c Magenta', which (at $20m) became the most expensive man-made object ever in terms of weight to value? A circular partner-swapping ballroom dance, named after a 1700s maritime leader, is the: William Bligh; Paul Jones; Horatio Nelson; or James Hook? The Stone Age was roughly how many years ago: 4-5,000; 50-100,000; 500,000-1million; or 1-2m? Originally a French portmanteau word combining a shoe and boot, what means 'wilfully destroy'? What is the recurring number when two-thirds is expressed as a decimal? A lodestone (or loadstone, from old English meaning 'leading-stone' or 'way-stone') is a naturally occurring what? Which controversial Swiss sports head, accused of racism, sexism and corruption 1990s-2000s, was once president of the World Society of Friends of Suspenders, which advocated women should not replace stockings and suspenders with pantyhose? Bambino is the family trust of which controversial business mogul, subject to criminal proceedings in Germany 2014? Boundary-pushing Dutch media corporation Endemol sought participants in 2014 for a reality show requiring the group to: Marry each other; Marry animals; Have face transplants; or Live indefinitely on Mars? The volcano Olympic Mons, three times taller than Mount Everest, and the highes	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,880	Which astronomer (1473-15.43) formulated the theory which is accepted as having first placed the Sun at the centre of the solar system?	When the Earth Moved: Copernicus and his Heliocentric System of the Universe Copernicus and his Heliocentric System of the Universe by Dr. Severyn ďż˝oďż˝ďż˝dziowski The following is the edited text of a presentation made on October 20, 1993 at a joint meeting of the Polish Arts Club of Buffalo and the Buffalo Museum of Science in commemoration of the 450th anniversary of the first printing of Nicholas Copernicus' immortal work which revolutionized astronomy Nicolaus Copernicus 1473-1543 unknown artist, last quarter 16th century Copernicus; The Formative Years In commemorating this important historical milestone, I will review the life and work of the great Polish astronomer, give the history behind the writing of the book and its later fates, and say a few words about the Copernican model of the universe. The heliocentric model of the universe, which is now universally accepted and included in all science curricula taught in schools and colleges, was not always acknowledged by scholars. The history of Copernicanism, as this cosmological theory is called, is a case study in the evolution of human thinking and the difficulty encountered in challenging well-established traditions. Copernicus (Mikoďż˝aj Kopernik) had to develop and demonstrate the validity of the mathematical model which reflected the physical reality of the solar system. He also had to overcome centuries-old and well entrenched concepts of the universe. In order to put Copernicus' work into historical perspective let us first review the cosmology to which Copernicus was exposed as a student. We will then give a description of how the concept of the Copernican universe evolved, and end with a short history of the writing and publication of the book, its initial criticism and its final recognition. Cosmology and the Calendar Observations of the sky have been conducted since the dawn of time. Initially, the solar day was used for short term time keeping and longer periods were measured by tracking the phases of the moon. The main purpose of such long-term time keeping was to develop a means of predicting natural phenomena such as the seasons, the flooding of the Nile, lunar eclipses, etc., and to develop a calendar which could be used for scheduling religious feasts and festivals. Problems arose when the sun begun to be used as a reference point for long-term time keeping. The earliest solar calendars were based on a year which bad 360 days, a nice round number in the hexadecimal numbering system (one based on base number of 16 rather than 10). However, as we now know, the year has 365 days, hence "New Year's Day" gradually crept around the cycle of seasons. The calendar was scarcely useful over long periods of time, because important seasonal events, such as the flooding of the Nile in Egypt, occurred at later and later dates in successive years. To keep in step with the seasons, the Egyptians added five extra days, a holiday season, to their original year. It turned out that the 365 day year was also too short and after 40 years the Egyptian calendar was again out of step with the seasons, this time by 10 days. Therefore, with the help of Egyptian astronomers, Julius Caesar reformed the calendar. He based the new calendar upon a year of 365ďż˝ days: three years of 365 days followed by one year of 366 days. This calendar was used throughout Europe from 45 BC until after the death of Copernicus. But the seasonal year is actually 11 mi and 14 sec shorter than 365ďż˝, therefore by Copernicus' lifetime, the vernal equinox had moved backward from March 21 to March 11. The resulting demand for calendar reform provided an important motive for the reform of astronomy itself. The Catholic Church was interested in the development of science in general and supported the work of astronomers. This is also true about Copernicus whose studies were sponsored by his uncle, the bishop, and whose work gained him recognition even in Vatican circles. During Copernicus' lifetime, Pope Leo X started work on the reform of the calendar. Copernicus was invited to take part in the stu	Planets \| Scholastic Grades 3–5, 6–8, 9–12 The following questions were answered by astronomer Dr. Cathy Imhoff of the Space Telescope Science Institute. Do all the planets have seasons? What causes seasons? Earth is tilted with respect to its orbit around the sun. So when our North Pole is tilted toward the sun, we get summer in the Northern Hemisphere (winter in the south). When the South Pole is tilted toward the sun, we get winter. So if a planet is tilted with respect to its orbit around the sun, it should have seasons. Here are the numbers that I was able to find this morning (as of September 1994) Venus — 23 degrees tilt, Earth — 23.5, Mars — 24, Jupiter — 3, Saturn — 27, Uranus — 98, Neptune — 29. But you can see that most of the planets have tilts like Earth, so they must have seasons. As I noted above, we definitely see seasons on Mars. In winter its ice caps grow, in summer they shrink. Jupiter has very little tilt, so it doesn't experience noticeable seasons. But Neptune is turned all the way over on its side! It must have very strange seasons! How did the planets get their names? Five of the planets were known to people thousands of years ago. They are bright enough to be seen with the naked eye and they move with respect to the stars. The name planet comes from the Greek word for "wanderer." I'm sure that people in different lands had various names for them, but the names we use come from the ancient Greeks and Romans. They named the planets for some of their gods. Mercury was the Roman god of commerce and cunning, and also messenger to the gods. Venus was the goddess of love. Mars was the god of war. Jupiter was the chief god. Saturn was the god of agriculture. When the next planet was found by Sir William Herschel in 1781, there was quite a debate about what to name it. Finally everyone decided to stay with the Roman names from mythology. So the new planet was finally named Uranus, for the father of the Titans. The next planet was named Neptune, for the god of the seas. And Pluto was named for the god of the underworld. Most of the moons and some asteroids are also named from Roman mythology. What was the first planet discovered? Who discovered it? What kind of equipment did they use? Five planets have been known since ancient times — Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. The first new planet discovered was Uranus. It was discovered by the English astronomer Sir William Herschel in 1781. Herschel was one of the first modern astronomers. His patron was King George III of England (the same King George from the time of the American Revolution!). Herschel wanted to name the planet after King George, but nobody else liked that so they gave it the name Uranus. Herschel and his sister Charlotte (who was an astronomer in her own right) used several reflecting telescopes, some of the first based on a design invented by Sir Isaac Newton. The largest was over 40 feet long and had a mirror 48 inches across. It was held up with a framework of wood, and they had to have helpers move it around using ropes and pulleys. It was the largest telescope in the world until over 100 years later. Which planet was formed first and how was it formed? We think that the planets all formed pretty much at the same time. However the sun probably formed first. The leftover gas and dust remained in a disk around the sun. In this disk, stuff began to clump and form "planetesimals" (pronounced pla-ne-TE-si-mals). These are small rocky bodies, something like asteroids. They crashed into each other and eventually formed the inner planets. At the same time, planetesimals formed the cores of the outer planets Jupiter and Saturn. Because of their strong gravity, they swept up a lot of gas. Uranus and Neptune did this too, but there was less gas around because Jupiter and Saturn got it first. The asteroid belt may be left-over planetesimals that never formed a planet because Jupiter's strong gravity nearby kept it from forming. Are there any living things on any of the planets? So far we know of only one planet with life — Earth! In 1976, we	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,881	Who played the President of the United States in the film Dr. Strangelove	Dr. Strangelove (Film) - TV Tropes Dr. Strangelove You need to login to do this. Get Known if you don't have an account Share "Gentlemen, you can't fight in here! This is the War Room!" — President Merkin Muffley Dr. Strangelove or : How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb is a 1964 Black Comedy film by Stanley Kubrick . The plot is largely taken from the 1958 novel Red Alert by Peter George, who contributed to the film's screenplay. One day during the Cold War , General Jack D. Ripper ( Sterling Hayden ) goes mental. He orders the nuclear bombers under his command to carry out a surprise attack on the Soviet Union. He puts his entire military base in lockdown with all communications cut, ordering all radios confiscated (so that Communist infiltrators can't receive outside commands) and all troops to fire on anyone who tries to enter the base, even if they appear to be fellow Americans (because they will surely be Communists in disguise). Ripper's aide, British Group Captain Lionel Mandrake ( Peter Sellers ), tries to talk sense into him but shortly realizes his boss has gone right out of his pointy little mind, believing that only he stands in the way of a Communist plot to contaminate America's "precious bodily fluids." In Washington, U.S. President Merkin Muffley (Peter Sellers again) holds a meeting in the War Room with his top advisors. While the Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman, General Buck Turgidson ( George C. Scott ), sees the crisis as an opportunity to hit the Russkies where they live once and for all, the President's wheelchair-bound , ex-Nazi science advisor , Dr. Strangelove (also Peter Sellers), and the Soviet ambassador (Peter Bull) both confirm that an attack on the USSR will trigger The Doomsday Machine : a computer programmed to detonate a cobalt bomb that will kill nearly all life on Earth's surface with its radiation over the course of months, if the Soviet Union is attacked (or if any attempt is made to disable the Doomsday Machine ). The president gets on the hotline and desperately attempts to convince the drunken Soviet premier that the American attack is just a silly mistake as they attempt to call off the attack. The film was supposed to be released in November of 1963 (see Too Soon in the Trivia page), but was eventually released in January of 1964. James Earl Jones made his film debut as one of the crewmen on the bomber plane. This film includes examples of: Ripper's paranoia about water fluoridation was based on real conspiracy theories about the effects of fluoridation, some which persist to this day on both extremes of the political spectrum, minus the "vodka-drinking Russians did it" part. Strategic Air Command's motto really was "Peace Is Our Profession". USAF pilot survival kits really did contain such items as condoms and nylons, which can be quite useful in survival situations. It turns out that salting a bomb with cobalt is a handy method for making human extinction more likely. The babbling about a "doomsday gap" and a "mineshaft gap" was a nod to rhetoric from the 1960 presidential campaign. John F. Kennedy had attacked Nixon and the Eisenhower Administration for allowing the Soviets to open up a " missile gap " between themselves and the United States (in fact, the USA actually had more missiles). This kind of discourse would continue in the seventies with the so-called " Cruiser gap ". The 24-hour B-52 squadrons within 2 hours of their targets inside the USSR? They were part of Operation Chrome Dome . The US military actually used " Operation Drop Kick " as a name. It revolved around biological warfare rather than nuclear. A 2014 article in The New Yorker by Eric Schlosser confirmed what many had long suspected: that despite the disclaimer placed in front of the movie, and the scorn heaped upon its plot by the military establishment at the time, for many decades it was entirely possible for someone other than the US President to launch a nuclear first strike without authorization. The Soviets developed a real-life "Doomsday Device" called the Dead Hand , albeit not until	Mount Rushmore Audio Tour Mount Rushmore National Memorial is one of the country's most recognizable landmarks, attracting more than two million people each year. This huge sculpture features the carved faces of four beloved U.S. presidents approximately sixty feet in height. The four presidents from left to right are George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln. These four distinguished leaders were chosen by the lead sculptor of the project because of their role in preserving the country and expanding it. George Washington George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, and is most famous for being the first President of the United States. His role as commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War prior to his presidency was also key in obtaining independence from the British. With George Washington's incredible influence in the formation of the country, he is referred to with much affection as the "Father" of the country. One of his most notable quotes is, "It is better to be alone than in bad company." Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson was born on April 13, 1743, and served as the third President of the United States. He is also well known as being the main author of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. His visions of what America should be have made him one of the most influential of the Founding Fathers. Major accomplishments during his presidency include the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition. He is known for many philosophical statements, including, "A democracy is nothing more than mob rule, where fifty-one percent of the people may take away the rights of the other forty-nine." Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt was born on October 27, 1858, and is well known for his energetic persona and his cowboy image. He served as the twenty-sixth President of the United States, and was a key figure in the Republican Party during his political career. He is also known for inviting the press into the White House for daily briefings, which later became a tradition, and for adding on to the Monroe Doctrine, and passing the Pure Food and Drug Act. Theodore Roosevelt was known to have said, "A man who is good enough to shed his blood for the country is good enough to be given a square deal afterwards." Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, and served as the 16th President of the United States. Although his presidential term was cut short when he was assassinated in 1865, he led the country through the Civil War and was successful in ending slavery in the country. His Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 abolished slavery, and he also promoted passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. In speaking of the Civil War, Lincoln stated, "A house divided against itself cannot stand." Mount Rushmore Grand Legends Tour You can learn more about Mount Rushmore and the many other attractions in the area with the nine hour Mount Rushmore Grand Legends Tour. This comprehensive guided tour begins with a visit to Mount Rushmore, and then moves on to Custer State Park , the Iron Mountain Road, Sylvan Lake , and the Crazy Horse Memorial . The final leg of this great experience takes you on the 1880 Train , a vintage train that travels across the Black Hills .	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,882	The membership of which British intellectual socialist group formed in London in 1884 included George Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, Virginia Woolf, Ramsay MacDonald, Emmeline Pankhurst and Bertrand Russell?	Virgo-Maria N° 402 Gaude, Maria Virgo, cunctas hï¿½reses sola interemisti. (Tractus Missï¿½ Salve Sancta Parens) Etude mercredi 12 septembre 2007 Ce message peut ï¿½tre tï¿½lï¿½chargï¿½ au format PDF sur notre site http://www.virgo-maria.org/ . Malcom Muggeridge, Fabien repenti (?) (et ancien du MI6 [1] ), Mentor de Mgr Richard Williamson ï¿½ ï¿½ Malcolm Muggeridge (1903-1990), ancien de Cambridge, journaliste britannique, satiriste et provocateur, ses liens familiaux Fabiens, ses deux autres fils, soit dans la secte illuministe des Frï¿½res de Plymouth [2] , soit dans le milieu catholique traditionnel ralliï¿½, avec notamment sa belle-fille Anne Roche (et la recension de lï¿½ouvrage de celle-ci par Ratzinger), co-auteur dï¿½un ouvrage avec le ï¿½ rï¿½vï¿½rend ï¿½ Anglican de la High Church, Alec Vidler, spï¿½cialiste du modernisme et doyen ï¿½ Cambridge. Lï¿½ï¿½loge appuyï¿½ et la dette de reconnaissance de Mgr Williamson envers Muggeridge, son jeu subtil en binï¿½me avec lï¿½abbï¿½ Schmidberger afin de prï¿½parer le ralliement de la FSSPX. Description de la Fabian Society et du rï¿½le des ï¿½poux Webb, ï¿½ partir de lï¿½ouvrage du Courrier de Rome (Le cï¿½tï¿½ cachï¿½ de lï¿½Histoire par Epiphanius). Avertissement Cette ï¿½tude sera publiï¿½e ï¿½ nouveau entiï¿½rement en franï¿½ais dans quelques jours. Les documents en anglais de lï¿½annexe ne seront cependant pas traduits. 1 Etude de Virgo-Maria.org Qui a enquï¿½tï¿½ sur Mgr Williamson ? Qui a ï¿½tudiï¿½ ? Sur sa famille et sur sa vie avant sa conversion tardive et son entrï¿½e ï¿½ Ecï¿½ne ? A notre connaissance personne. Comment un ancien Anglican, convertit tardivement, a-t-il pu devenir prï¿½tre et mï¿½me ï¿½vï¿½que dans lï¿½ï¿½uvre de Mgr Lefebvre, ce bastion international de la rï¿½sistance catholique qui continue encore ï¿½ prï¿½server le Sacerdoce sacrificiel catholique sacramentellement valide et ï¿½ dispenser des sacrements catholiques valides ? Sait-on que ses deux frï¿½res sont restï¿½s anglicans ? Et que sa mï¿½re est morte anglicane, il y seulement quelques annï¿½es ? Cï¿½est pourquoi nous publions ici les premiers rï¿½sultats de notre investigation, et nous invitons les lecteurs qui disposent dï¿½informations ï¿½ nous les transmettre. 1.1 Introduction ï¿½ lï¿½ï¿½tude sur le Mentor de Mgr Williamson et sur les liens de lï¿½ï¿½vï¿½que avec ce journaliste Cette investigation part des ï¿½lï¿½ments des biographies de Mgr Williamson qui toutes soulignent fortement lï¿½influence du cï¿½lï¿½bre journaliste britannique sur la jeunesse de Richard Williamson et sur son ï¿½volution ultï¿½rieure. Ces contacts des annï¿½es 60 se poursuivront et, en 1990, ï¿½ la mort de Muggeridge, lï¿½ï¿½vï¿½que britannique la FSSPX prononcera un ï¿½loge funï¿½bre trï¿½s affectueux ï¿½ celui envers qui il reconnaï¿½t une importante dette. Muggeridge vouait une admiration sans borne ï¿½ son pï¿½re, un Fabien, ardent promoteur du socialisme en Angleterre. Il ï¿½pousa Catherine Dobbs, une niï¿½ce de Bï¿½atrice Webb, fondatrice de la Fabian Society avec son ï¿½poux Sidney. Ce cercle est au cï¿½ur des sociï¿½tï¿½s mondialistes, travaillant ï¿½ lï¿½ï¿½tablissement dï¿½un gouvernement mondial selon la forme du socialisme technocratique. Nous allons lï¿½exposer, principalement ï¿½ partir de lï¿½ï¿½tude dï¿½Epiphanius, diffusï¿½e par la FSSPX. Un des fils de Malcolm Muggeridge adhï¿½rera ï¿½ la secte fondamentaliste apocalyptique des Frï¿½res de Plymouth (Darbystes intï¿½gristes) qui joue un rï¿½le important dans la propagation dï¿½une fausse eschatologique, celle de lï¿½enlï¿½vement des justes. Un autre de ses fils, John, sï¿½illustrera comme pourfendeur de lï¿½avortement. Son ï¿½pouse, Annie Roche, jouera un rï¿½le dans la conversion de son beau-pï¿½re, Malcolm, ï¿½ la religion conciliaire en 1982, et elle-mï¿½me, est lï¿½une des figures de proue du milieu traditionaliste ralliï¿½ au Canada. Son livre fera lï¿½objet dï¿½une recension ï¿½logieuse par Ratzinger en 1988. Malcolm Muggeridge, comme son pï¿½re, comme la jeune femme dont il fut amoureux, est trï¿½s liï¿½ ï¿½ un Anglican d	Midnight's Children - Salman Rushdie - Author Biography • Education—M.A., King's College, Cambridge, UK • Awards—Booker Prize, 1981 (named the best novel to win the Booker Prize in its first twenty-five years in 1993); Whitbread Prize, 1988 and 1995 • Currently—lives in New York, New York Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie is a British Indian novelist and essayist. His second novel, Midnight's Children (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981. Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent. He is said to combine magical realism with historical fiction; his work is concerned with the many connections, disruptions and migrations between East and West. His fourth novel, The Satanic Verses (1988), was the centre of a major controversy, provoking protests from Muslims in several countries, some violent. Death threats were made against him, including a fatwa issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the Supreme Leader of Iran, on February 14, 1989. Rushdie was appointed Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France in January 1999. In June 2007, Queen Elizabeth II knighted him for his services to literature. In 2008, The Times ranked him thirteenth on its list of the fifty greatest British writers since 1945. Since 2000, Rushdie has lived in the United States, where he has worked at the Emory University and was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters. His most recent book is Joseph Anton: A Memoir, an account of his life in the wake of the Satanic Verses controversy. Career Rushdie's first career was as a copywriter, working for the advertising agency Ogilvy & Mather, where he came up with "irresistibubble" for Aero and "Naughty but Nice" for cream cakes, and for the agency Ayer Barker, for whom he wrote the memorable line "That'll do nicely" for American Express. It was while he was at Ogilvy that he wrote Midnight's Children, before becoming a full-time writer. John Hegarty of Bartle Bogle Hegarty has criticised Rushdie for not referring to his copywriting past frequently enough, although conceding: "He did write crap ads...admittedly." His first novel, Grimus, a part-science fiction tale, was generally ignored by the public and literary critics. His next novel, Midnight's Children, catapulted him to literary notability. This work won the 1981 Booker Prize and, in 1993 and 2008, was awarded the Best of the Bookers as the best novel to have received the prize during its first 25 and 40 years. Midnight's Children follows the life of a child, born at the stroke of midnight as India gained its independence, who is endowed with special powers and a connection to other children born at the dawn of a new and tumultuous age in the history of the Indian sub-continent and the birth of the modern nation of India. The character of Saleem Sinai has been compared to Rushdie. However, the author has refuted the idea of having written any of his characters as autobiographical, stating... People assume that because certain things in the character are drawn from your own experience, it just becomes you. In that sense, I’ve never felt that I’ve written an autobiographical character. After Midnight's Children, Rushdie wrote Shame, in which he depicts the political turmoil in Pakistan, basing his characters on Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. Shame won France's Prix du Meilleur Livre Étranger (Best Foreign Book) and was a close runner-up for the Booker Prize. Both these works of postcolonial literature are characterised by a style of magic realism and the immigrant outlook that Rushdie is very conscious of as a member of the Indian diaspora. Rushdie wrote a non-fiction book about Nicaragua in 1987 called The Jaguar Smile. This book has a political focus and is based on his first-hand experiences and research at the scene of Sandinista political experiments. His most controversial work, The Satanic Verses, was published in 1988 (see below). Rushdie has published many short stories, including those collected in East, West (1994). The Moor's Last Sigh, a family epic ranging over some 100 years of India's histor	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,883	Which American animator created Daffy Duck and Droopy Dog?	WHICH American animator created Daffy Duck and Droopy the dog? a) Tex Avery b) Walt Disney c) Matt Groening. - Chronicle Live News WHICH American animator created Daffy Duck and Droopy the dog? a) Tex Avery b) Walt Disney c) Matt Groening. ON April 1, 1957, the normally serious BBC TV news programme Panorama convinced thousands of English viewers that what type of food grew on trees? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email ON April 1, 1957, the normally serious BBC TV news programme Panorama convinced thousands of English viewers that what type of food grew on trees? a) Spaghetti b) Curry c) Cheese. A SPHEKSOPHOBIC fears which insects? a) Spiders b) Flies c) Wasps. How many pockets does a billiard table normally have? a) Five b) Six c) Seven. IN which US state was the American Declaration of Independence signed on July 4, 1776? a) Louisiana b) Washington c) Pennsylvania. WHO, in 1990, became the first chancellor of a united Germany? a) Helmut Kohl b) Gerhard Schroder c) Jimmy Carter. WHICH country was previously called Persia? a) Iran b) Iraq c) Afghanistan. HOW old was Tony Blair when he became British prime minister in 1997? a) 41 b) 39 c) 43. IN Western culture what is the birthstone for May? a) Emerald b) Diamond c) Ruby. IN the Bible to whom did God give the 10 Commandments? a) Judas b) Moses c) Jesus. Answers: 1a 2a 3c 4b 5c 6a 7a 8c 9a 10b Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent Most Read Most Recent	Bugs Bunny \| Looney Tunes Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia [Source] Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon character, best known for his starring roles in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of theatrical short films produced by Warner Bros. during the 1940s, 50s and 60s. His popularity during this era led to his becoming an American cultural icon, as well as a corporate mascot of the Warner Bros. company. He was created by the staff of Leon Schlesinger Productions (later Warner Bros. Cartoons ) and voiced originally by the "Man of a Thousand Voices", Mel Blanc . Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare and is famous for his relaxed, passive personality, pronounced New York accent (Blanc described the voice as being a mixture of Brooklyn and Bronx accents [1] ), depiction as a mischievous trickster, and his catchphrase "Eh, what's up, doc?" (usually said while chewing a carrot). Bugs has appeared in more films (both short and feature-length) than any other cartoon character, has his own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and is the 9th most-portrayed film personality in the world. Contents Bugs' precursor Bugs' evolution from Happy Rabbit to the present Happy Rabbit , a hare with some of the personality of Bugs (though looking very different), made his first appearance in the cartoon short Porky's Hare Hunt , released on April 30, 1938. Co-directed by Ben Hardaway and an uncredited Cal Dalton (who was responsible for the initial design of the rabbit), this short has an almost identical plot to Tex Avery 's Porky's Duck Hunt , which had introduced Daffy Duck . Hare Hunt replaced the little black duck with a small white rabbit. Porky Pig was again cast as a hunter tracking a silly prey who is more interested in driving his pursuer insane and less interested in escaping. Happy introduced himself with the odd expression "Jiggers, fellers," and Mel Blanc gave the character a voice and laugh much like those he would later use for Woody Woodpecker. Hare Hunt also gave Happy the famous Groucho Marx line, "Of course you realize, this means war!" The rabbit character was popular enough with audiences that the Termite Terrace staff decided to use it again. Happy returned in the short Prest-O Change-O , directed by Chuck Jones , where he is the pet rabbit of unseen character Sham-Fu The Magician. Two dogs, fleeing the local dogcatcher, enter his absent master's house. Happy harasses them, but is ultimately bested by the bigger of the two dogs. Happy's third appearance came in Hare-um Scare-um , once again directed by Cal and Ben. This short (the first in which he is depicted as a gray bunny instead of a white one) is also notable as Happy's first singing role. Charlie Thorson, lead animator on the short, gave the character a different name. He had written "Bugs' Bunny" on the model sheet that he drew for Ben. In promotional material for the short, including a surviving 1939 press kit, the name on the model sheet was altered to become the rabbit's own name: "Bugs" Bunny (quotation marks only used, on and off, until 1944). In Chuck Jones' Elmer's Candid Camera , Happy met Elmer Fudd for the first time. In this cartoon, Happy looked more like the present-day Bugs, taller and with a similar face—-but retaining the more primitive voice. Candid Cameras Elmer character design was also different: fatter and taller than the modern model, although Arthur Q. Bryan 's character voice was already established. Animation historians identify these Happy Rabbit cartoons as Bugs Bunny's early cartoons before he reaches his fame in A Wild Hare, as evident in documentaries such as The Wabbit Turns 50 from WWOR in 1989. Bugs' official debut Bugs emerges (literally) for the first time in A Wild Hare A Wild Hare , directed by Tex Avery and released on July 27, 1940, is widely considered to be the first official Bugs Bunny cartoon. It is the first short where both Elmer Fudd and Bugs are shown in their fully developed forms as hunter and tormentor, respectively; the first in which Mel Blanc used what would become Bugs' standard voice; and the first in which	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,884	What vocal musical term means literally 'in the style of the church/chapel'?	A Cappella Music - Definition, History, and Evolution A Cappella Music By Aaron Green The Meaning of “A Cappella” “Cappella” literally means “chapel” in Italian. When the term was first coined, a cappella was a phrase that instructed performers to sing “in the manner of the chapel.” In modern sheet music, it simply means to sing without accompaniment. Alternate Spellings: acappella Common Misspellings: a capella, acapella Examples of A Capella Singing Classical Music Eric Whitacre’s Lux Aurumque ( Watch on YouTube ) Ralph Vaughan Williams Kyrie from the G minor Mass ( Watch on YouTube ) Michael Praetorius’ Es ist ein Rose Entsprungen ( Watch on YouTube ) Maurice Duruflé’s Ubi Caritas ( Watch on YouTube ) Popular Music Pentatonic’s Evolution of Music ( Watch on YouTube ) Glee’s Darren Criss covers Katy Perry’s Teenage Dream ( Watch on YouTube ) The Cast of Glee covers Whitney Houston’s How Will I Know ( Watch on YouTube ) continue reading below our video Great Singers Gone too Soon The History of A Cappella Music The origin and creation of a cappella music is impossible to pin down. After all, cavemen humming to themselves were singing a cappella. What matters most, like languages, is when the music was written on paper (or stone). One of the earliest examples of sheet music was discovered on a cuneiform tablet dating back to 2000 B.C. From what scholars can tell, it describes a piece of music written in a diatonic scale. Just recently, one of the earliest known scores for polyphonic music (music written with more than one vocal or instrumental part), written around the year 900 A.D., was discovered and performed at St John’s College, University of Cambridge. ( Read more about this discovery on the UK’s Daily Mail. ) The use of a cappella music gained popularity, especially in western music, largely in part to religious institutions. Christian churches predominantly performed gregorian chant throughout the medieval period and well into the renaissance period. Composers like Josquin des Prez (1450-1521) and Orlando di Lasso (1530-1594) expanded beyond chant and composed polyphonic a cappella music. ( Listen to di Lasso’s “Lauda anima mea Dominum” on YouTube. ) As more composers and artists flocked to Rome (a capital of cultural enlightenment), secular music called madrigals appeared. Madrigals, the equivalent of today’s pop music, were unaccompanied songs sung by two to eight singers. One of the most prolific and perfecters of the madrigal was composer Claudio Monteverdi, one of my top 8 renaissance composers . His madrigals show an evolving compositional style - a bridge connecting the renaissance period to the baroque period. ( Listen to Monteverdi ’s madrigal, Zefiro torna on YouTube. ) The madrigals composed later in his career became “concerted,” meaning he wrote them with instrumental accompaniments. As time progressed, more and more composers followed suit, and a cappella’s popularity diminished. A Cappella Music and Barbershop Music Barbershop music is a form of a cappella music that began in the 1930s. It is typically performed by a quartet of men with the following voice types: tenor, tenor, baritone, and bass. Women are also capable of singing barbershop music (women’s barbershop quartets are referred to as “Sweet Adelines” quartets). The music barbershop quartets perform is highly stylized - it is predominantly homophonic, meaning that the vocal parts move together in harmony, creating new chords in the process. The lyrics are easily understandable, the melodies are singable, and the harmonic structure is crystal clear. Both Barbershop and Sweet Adelines quartets have established membership and preservation societies ( Barbershop Harmony Society and Sweet Adelines International ) to promote and preserve the musical style, and each year both present contests to find the best quartet. Listen to the winners of the 2014 competitions: 2014 Barbershop Harmony Society International Championship Quartet Musical Island Boys Finals Package ( Watch on YouTube ) A Cappella Music on Radio, TV, and Film Thanks to the h	Claire Voyant - Past Column from October 16, 2009 Claire Voyant Note: This is a past column from October 16, 2009 You can find the current column HERE Las Vegas - October 16, 2009 Bruce Ewing The Apple Sisters God Lives in Glass, composed by Jersey Boys conductor Keith Thompson, will be presented next Saturday and Sunday, October 24th and 25th, at the College of Southern Nevada's Performing Arts Center. The unique performances will be held at 1 p.m. each day in the Nicholas J. Horn Theatre, on the Cheyenne Campus, 3200 E. Cheyenne Ave. in North Las Vegas. God Lives in Glass is based on the book by Robert J. Landy, a New York professor who interviewed children worldwide in 2001 about their perceptions of God. The theatrical concert will be performed by 55 to 60 singers and musicians who work in shows on the Las Vegas Strip. Sixteen songs, from pop to gospel to reggae to rap, represent diverse faiths from around the world. Local pianist Philip Fortenberry provides musical accompaniment, along with a 10-piece band. The CSN Performing Arts Center and Family Promise of Las Vegas have partnered to present the show, which will benefit both organizations. The show's producer and Family Promise board member, Bruce Ewing, notes, "The response we've received from the singers and musicians from the Las Vegas shows - Jersey Boys, The Lion King, Phantom - The Las Vegas Spectacular, and Cirque du Soleil's Love - has been phenomenal. Because the event benefits such worthwhile causes, everyone has been very generous with their time and talent." Family Promise is a non-profit organization that assists homeless families in the Las Vegas valley to achieve lasting independence by helping the community mobilize to provide safe shelter, meals, and support services for them. The Performing Arts Center's share of the proceeds will go to its "Friends of the Horn," which is used to enhance productions by bringing in guest artists and more diverse programming for the students and the community. "We appreciate CSN's willingness to host this event," says Ewing. "Both of our organizations share the mission of a desire to build a stronger community and improve the quality of life for residents of southern Nevada." The afternoon events include a silent auction. Tickets are $25 for adults, and $20 for seniors and students, and include a post-show reception with the performers. Call the CSN Box Office at (702) 651-LIVE (5483) for reservations or visit www.csn.edu/pac or www.familypromiselv.com * * * * * * * Over at the Liberace Museum (1775 E. Tropicana at Spencer), the amazingly gifted Philip Fortenberry (assistant musical director for Jersey Boys at The Palazzo) will take a few afternoons off from his Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Saturdays performances, where he performs at the beautiful Baldwin in his Liberace and Me show. Tomorrow, Jersey Boys musical director, Keith Thompson, fills in for Philip, and on Tuesday, October 20th, and Wednesday, October 21st, at 1 p.m., it's The Glen Willow Trio, with Rebecca Ramsey on violin, Mary Trimble on viola, and Moonlight Tran on cello, performing in the museumï¿½s Cabaret Showroom. Tickets are $17.50. The museum in located at 1775 E. Tropicana at Spencer. Call (702) 798-5595 for additional information. * * * * * * * As we mentioned last week, local (and a few visiting) entertainers have joined together to help raise money for Broadway and Stratford Shakespeare Festival actress and Jersey Boys alum, Lindsay Thomasï¿½s mounting medical costs. Ms. Thomas was recently diagnosed with stage 4 lung cancer and is undergoing treatment in Toronto. All seven of the Jersey Boys companies - Broadway, Chicago, Las Vegas, Toronto, London, Australia and the National Tour - are doing their own fundraising events. The company is also creating a Jersey Boys quilt to be auctioned off online. The quilt is made entirely of costume fabrics from the show, and is signed by every member of the entire Jersey Boys Global Family. The first of two Las Vegas benefit shows, called Seasons of Love, was held last night in the Cabaret S	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,885	Who won the 1968 US presidential election?	1968 Presidential General Election Results 1968 Presidential General Election Results Note: The Google advertisement links below may advocate political positions that this site does not endorse. Results for an Individual State: Election Notes: In North Carolina, one Nixon Elector cast his vote for George Wallace (President) and Curtis LeMay (Vice President). Electoral Vote Map Note: there is no implied geographical significance as to the location of the shaded areas for North Carolina's split electoral votes. Share and Recommend:	Richard M. Nixon \| whitehouse.gov Air Force One Richard M. Nixon Richard Nixon was elected the 37th President of the United States (1969-1974) after previously serving as a U.S. Representative and a U.S. Senator from California. After successfully ending American fighting in Vietnam and improving international relations with the U.S.S.R. and China, he became the only President to ever resign the office, as a result of the Watergate scandal. Reconciliation was the first goal set by President Richard M. Nixon. The Nation was painfully divided, with turbulence in the cities and war overseas. During his Presidency, Nixon succeeded in ending American fighting in Viet Nam and improving relations with the U.S.S.R. and China. But the Watergate scandal brought fresh divisions to the country and ultimately led to his resignation. His election in 1968 had climaxed a career unusual on two counts: his early success and his comeback after being defeated for President in 1960 and for Governor of California in 1962. Born in California in 1913, Nixon had a brilliant record at Whittier College and Duke University Law School before beginning the practice of law. In 1940, he married Patricia Ryan; they had two daughters, Patricia (Tricia) and Julie. During World War II, Nixon served as a Navy lieutenant commander in the Pacific. On leaving the service, he was elected to Congress from his California district. In 1950, he won a Senate seat. Two years later, General Eisenhower selected Nixon, age 39, to be his running mate. As Vice President, Nixon took on major duties in the Eisenhower Administration. Nominated for President by acclamation in 1960, he lost by a narrow margin to John F. Kennedy. In 1968, he again won his party's nomination, and went on to defeat Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey and third-party candidate George C. Wallace. His accomplishments while in office included revenue sharing, the end of the draft, new anticrime laws, and a broad environmental program. As he had promised, he appointed Justices of conservative philosophy to the Supreme Court. One of the most dramatic events of his first term occurred in 1969, when American astronauts made the first moon landing. Some of his most acclaimed achievements came in his quest for world stability. During visits in 1972 to Beijing and Moscow, he reduced tensions with China and the U.S.S.R. His summit meetings with Russian leader Leonid I. Brezhnev produced a treaty to limit strategic nuclear weapons. In January 1973, he announced an accord with North Viet Nam to end American involvement in Indochina. In 1974, his Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, negotiated disengagement agreements between Israel and its opponents, Egypt and Syria. In his 1972 bid for office, Nixon defeated Democratic candidate George McGovern by one of the widest margins on record. Within a few months, his administration was embattled over the so-called "Watergate" scandal, stemming from a break-in at the offices of the Democratic National Committee during the 1972 campaign. The break-in was traced to officials of the Committee to Re-elect the President. A number of administration officials resigned; some were later convicted of offenses connected with efforts to cover up the affair. Nixon denied any personal involvement, but the courts forced him to yield tape recordings which indicated that he had, in fact, tried to divert the investigation. As a result of unrelated scandals in Maryland, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew resigned in 1973. Nixon nominated, and Congress approved, House Minority Leader Gerald R. Ford as Vice President. Faced with what seemed almost certain impeachment, Nixon announced on August 8, 1974, that he would resign the next day to begin "that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America." In his last years, Nixon gained praise as an elder statesman. By the time of his death on April 22, 1994, he had written numerous books on his experiences in public life and on foreign policy. The Presidential biographies on WhiteHouse.gov are from “The Presidents of the United States of	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,886	Which fruit has varieties called Concorde, Packham and Cornice?	Pears The World's Healthiest Foords are health-promoting foods that can change your life. Watch for the launch of our new WHFoods 7-Day Meal Plan on January 23rd! The George Mateljan Foundation is a not-for-profit foundation with no commercial interests or advertising. Our mission is to help you eat and cook the healthiest way for optimal health. Pears What's New and Beneficial About Pears For nutritional reasons, we're often advised to consume the skins of fruits. However, it's less often that research provides strong evidence in support of this advice. Recent studies have shown that the skin of pears contains at least three to four times as many phenolic phytonutrients as the flesh. These phytonutrients include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory flavonoids, and potentially anti-cancer phytonutrients like cinnamic acids. The skin of the pear has also been show to contain about half of the pear's total dietary fiber. In recent studies measuring risk of type 2 diabetes in U.S. women, pears have earned very special recognition. Researchers now know that certain flavonoids in food can improve insulin sensitivity, and of special interest in this area have been three groups of flavonoids (flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins). All pears contain flavonoids falling within the first two groups, and red-skinned pears contain anthocyanins as well. Intake of these flavonoid groups has been associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in both women and men. However, a new analysis of the Nurses' Health Study has shown that among all fruits and vegetables analyzed for their flavonoid content, the combination of apples/pears showed the most consistent ability to lower risk of type 2 diabetes. We believe that this special recognition given to pears as a fruit that can help lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women is likely to be followed by future studies showing this same benefit for men. You've no doubt heard someone say that cloudy fruit juices containing fruit pulp provide better nourishment than clear fruit juices that have had their pulp removed through filtering. Scientists have now proven that statement to be correct with respect to pear juice. With their pulp removed, pear juices were determined to lose up to 40% of their total phenolic phytonutrients, and to have significantly reduced antioxidant capacity. "Cloudy" pear juices (technically referred to as "high turbidity" juices) emerged as the superior juice type in terms of nutrient content as well as antioxidant benefits. Pear, fresh vitamin K 9% This chart graphically details the %DV that a serving of Pears provides for each of the nutrients of which it is a good, very good, or excellent source according to our Food Rating System. Additional information about the amount of these nutrients provided by Pears can be found in the Food Rating System Chart . A link that takes you to the In-Depth Nutritional Profile for Pears, featuring information over 80 nutrients, can be found under the Food Rating System Chart. Health Benefits Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Support of Pears While pears are not an unusual source of conventional antioxidant or anti-inflammatory nutrients (for example, vitamin E or omega-3 fatty acids), the phytonutrient category is where this fruit excels. For example, in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (1,638 participants, average age range 62-69 years), the combination of apples/pears ranked as the second highest source of flavonols among all fruits and vegetables - partly due to the epicatechin richness of pears. Average flavonol intake in the study was about 14 milligrams per day, and one pear can provide about half of this amount all by itself. The list of phytonutrients found in pears has been of special interest to researchers, and the list below summarizes their findings about key phytonutrients provided by this fruit. Hydroxybenzoic acids Flavanols, also known as Flavan-3-ols catechin Anthocyanins (in red-skinned varieties, including Red Anjou, Red Bartlett, Comice, Seckel, and Starkrimson) Carotenoids lutein zeaxanthin Virtually al	If you were severed a dish belle helen what fruit would it be - MBA - 217 View Full Document If you were severed a dish 'belle h'elen what fruit would it be Pears 66 Terrance Nelhams became better knows as who Adam Faith 67 Dick Turpin the highwayman served and apprenticeship as what Butcher 68 What is the main food of the Oyster catcher bird Mussels 69 In which cop show did Petrie and Isbecki appear Cagney and Lacey 70 In the Bolshoi ballet what does the word Bolshoi mean Big 71 Which acid gives nettles their sting Formic acid 72 In the Hindu religion what is a Mandir Temple 73 Which wine grape variety is most planted in California Chardonnay 74 A paddling is a group of which animals Ducks 75 From what country does the dish skordalia come Greece 76 What is a geoduck Clam 77 What is Sean Connery's real first name Thomas 78 What nationally was Mata Hari shot as a spy Dutch 79 Who said - Toe err is human - But it feels divine Mae West 80 Names - Baker - Cook Smith easy - what did a Chandler do Make Candles 81 Declan McManus became famous as who Elvis Costello 82 Robert Fitzroy captained which famous ship The Beagle 83 Who said "I have no problems with drugs - only policemen" Keith Richard 84 Which American city was named after a British Prime Minister Pittsburgh 85 Spelling counts - what is the singular of scampi This is the end of the preview. Sign up to access the rest of the document. TERM 10000 general knowledge questions and answers www.cartiaz.ro No Questions Quiz 15 Ans 10000_questions 30	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,887	Actresses Virginia Cherrill, Betsy Drake and Dyan Cannon all married which actor?	Legendary Cary Grant :: Tall, Dark & Handsome :: Wives WIVES Virginia Cherrill (1934-1935) Cary Grant met film actress Virginia Cherrill in 1932 at Paramount. He married her on February 10, 1934. He was 30 and she was 25. It was a short-lived marriage, with terrible physical fights. She divorced him on March 26, 1935, on charges of physical abuse. Years later Cary Grant would apologize to Virginia Cherrill for his bad behavior towards her. Barbara Hutton (1942-1945) Barbara Hutton was one of the richest women in the world, heir to the Woolworth fortune. Cary Grant met her in Hollywood in 1940. The married on July 8, 1942 at Lake Arrowhead. He and Barbara signed documents that waived all interest in each other's property. Still, the press labeled them as "Cash and Cary." Grant became a father figure to her son, Lance Reventlow. Hutton filed for divorce in July 1945, claiming that Grant did not like her friends. However, both of them remained friends for life. Betsy Drake (1949-1962) Cary Grant married British actress Betsy Drake on December 25, 1949 in California. He had met her in 1947 on his trip to England. He would costar with her in two films, "Every Girl Should Get Married," (1948) and "Room For One More," (1952). She introduced him to hypnotism, yoga, mysticism and a new drug called LSD. It was his longest marriage. They divorced in 1962, on charges that he was not faithful to her. Dyan Cannon (1965-1967) Cary Grant married actress Dyan Cannon on July 22, 1965, in Las Vegas. He was 61, she was 26. She would give him his only child, a daughter, Jennifer Grant, born on February 26, 1966. He was very happy to become a father. Unfortunately, the marriage was short-lived. It was claimed Grant flew into rages with Cannon, and even spanked her when she disobeyed him. They divorced in 1968. Barbara Harris (1981-1986) Cary Grant married Barbara Harris on April 11, 1981. She was a British hotel public relations agent who was 47 years his junior. They had known each other for many years. They remained married until his death on November 26, 1986.	Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses - British Actors Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses - British Actors Updated on June 24, 2013 Every year during springtime, April 23 to be exact, the English people celebrate their national day in remembrance of their patron saint -- St. George. St.George is the patron saint of England and he is depicted as a knight who fights dragons and wielding a shield with a red cross. St George is also a patron saint of cavalry, soldiers and scouts. Part of the tradition is wearing a red rose. In commemorating English traditions and culture, I will showcase the best and famous English actors and actresses. If you have time, you can also take a look at my other hubs about famous Irish plus Welsh actors and actresses. Without further ado, here are my list of English best and famous actors and actresses. Vanessa Redgrave Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Vanessa Redgrave Vanessa Redgrave is an Academy Award winner, multi-talented stage and movie/tv actress. She is also a political activist and mother of Natasha Richardson (deceased wife of Liam Neeson). Born : 30 January 1937 -- Born in London, England, UK She became famous when she starred as Rosalind in the play "As You Like It" by the Shakespeare Theater Company. She also played numerous roles in London's West End and Broadway winning the coveted Tony Olivier Awards numerous times. She starred in more than 80 films all in all including Mary Queen of Scots, Isadora, Mission Impossible. She was proclaimed "the greatest living actress of our times" plus she remain the only British actress to have won the the Emmy, Oscar, Tony, Cannes, Screen Actors Guild and Golden Globe awards. She was also awarded the BAFTA 2010 Fellowship for "Outstanding Contribution to Film". Roger Moore Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Roger Moore Sir Roger George Moore, is a famous actor and producer who is widely known for his portrayal of the character of James Bond in the same seven movie title from 1973 to 1985. before he played the role of the secret the series the Saint. To date, Roger Moore is the longest-serving James Bond actor, having spent twelve years in the role of the secret agent. Birthdate: 14 October 1927 at Stockwell, London, England Hugh Laurie Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Hugh Laurie Hugh Laurie is an actor, writer, comedian as well as musician famous for his role as Dr House as a protagonist in the tv series "House". Birthdate : 11 June 1959 at Oxford, England His acting career began when he and other comedian Stephen Fry are together in the Blackladder and Jeeves and Wooster from 1987 until 1999. He also starred in 2004 as Dr. House in which he received various awards form Emmy and Golden Globe nominations Kate Beckinsale Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Kate Beckinsale Kate Beckinsale is an English actress who made raves because of her beauty and acting talent. She was famous first in the television series “Emma“ -- the title role. She was also great in the movie “Much Ado About Nothing“ Birthdate : 26 July 1973 at London, England, UK Filmography: In 2001, she starred in the movie Pearl Harbor opposite Ben Affleck and she became more famous since then. She also starred in these films : Underworld (2003), The Avatar (2004), and Van Helsing (2004). In 2008, she earned a Critics Choice Award nomination for her performance in "Nothing but the Truth" Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Jeremy Irons Jeremy John Irons is an English award winning actor both in stage and films. He is the actor known for his roles in Macbeth, Much Ado About Nothing, The Taming of the Shrew, Richard II, Macbeth and The Winters Tale. He began his acting career on stage plays. Birthdate: September 19, 1948, Irons was born in Cowes, Isle of Wright, England Filmography: He appeared in the movie The French Lieutenant’s Woman -- he won an award for this one in BAFTA. His other films include Moonlighting, Betrayal,The Mission,Dead Ringers, Reversal of Fortune, The House of he Spirits,	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,888	Champagne is a variety of what fruit or vegetable?	Common Types of Wine (top varieties to know) \| Wine Folly Taste: Black Cherry, Black Currant, Baking Spices and Cedar (from oak) Style: Full-bodied Red Wine Description: Cabernet Sauvignon is a full-bodied red grape first heavily planted in the Bordeaux region. Today, it’s the most popular wine variety in the world. Wines are full-bodied with bold tannins and a long persistent finish driven mostly by the higher levels of alcohol and tannin that often accompany these wines. Food Pairing: lamb, beef, smoked meats, French, American, firm cheeses like aged cheddar and hard cheeses like Pecorino Cabernet Sauvignon Alternatives Merlot: Middle weight, lower in tannins (smoother), with a more red-fruited flavor profile Cabernet Franc: Light to middle weight, with higher acid and more savory flavors, one of Cabernet Sauvignon’s parent grapes. Carménère: Usually from Chile, very similar to Merlot in body, but with the aggressive savory flavors of Cabernet Franc Bordeaux Blend , A.K.A. “Meritage”: Usually dominant to Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot, but also includes any of the other Bordeaux varieties Sangiovese : The noble grape of Tuscany. Similar in body, acid, and tannin to Cabernet Sauvignon, but more red-fruited and elegant Syrah Taste: Blueberry, plum, tobacco, meat, black pepper, violet Style: Full-bodied Red Wine Description: Syrah (a.k.a. Shiraz) is a full-bodied red wine that’s heavily planted in the Rhône Valley in France and Australia. The wines have intense fruit flavors and middleweight tannins. Syrah is commonly blended with Grenache and Mourvèdre to create the red Rhône blend. The wine often has an aggressively meaty (beef broth, jerky) quality. Food Pairing: lamb, beef, smoked meats; Mediterranean, French, and American firm cheeses like white cheddar, and hard cheeses like Manchego Syrah Alternatives Malbec : (Argentina) More black-fruited, often with more aggressive oak usage, less meaty, but with more coffee and chocolate flavors Petit Sirah : (United States) This grape has no genetic relation to Syrah, but has even more aggressive tannin, acid, and fuller body Monastrell (aka Mourvèdre) : More broad texture, with similar meaty notes, but more of a mixture of red and black fruits Pinotage : (South Africa) Similar in terms of body, with even more intense, smokey notes. Zinfandel “Zin-fan-dell” Taste: A broad, exotic array of fruits from stone (overripe nectarine), to red (raspberry, sour cherry), to blue (plum, blueberry), to black (blackberry, boysenberry), Asian 5 Spice Powder, Sweet Tobacco Style: Medium-bodied to full-bodied Red Wine Description: Zinfandel (aka Primitivo) is a medium-bodied red wine that originated in Croatia. Wines are fruit-forward and spicy with a medium length finish. Zinfandel is a red grape that may be better known as the rosé wine White Zinfandel . Food Pairing: chicken, pork, cured meat, lamb, beef, barbecue, Italian, American, Chinese, Thai, Indian, full-flavored like cheddar and firm cheeses such as Manchego Zinfandel Alternatives Grenache (aka Garnacha) : More middle-weight and red-fruited flavors, with the meaty and peppery qualities you get with Syrah Tempranillo : (Spain) More red and black fruit flavors, as well as lower alcohol and body Rhône Blend : a blend of Grenache, Syrah and Mourvèdre originally from Rhône Valley of France, very similar, but not as fruity Carignan : Not quite as exotic in terms of fruit, but adds a lot of savory, dried herbal flavors Pinot Noir “Pee-no Nwar” Taste: Very red fruited (cherry, cranberry) and red-floral (rose), often with appealing vegetal notes of beet, rhubarb, or mushroom Style: Lighter-bodied Red Wine with higher acid and soft tannin Description: Pinot Noir is a dry light-bodied first widely planted in France. The wines always lead with higher acid and soft tannins. Food Pairing: chicken, pork, veal, duck, cured meat, French, German, cream sauces, soft cheeses, nutty medium-firm cheeses like Gruyère Pinot Noir Alternatives Gamay (aka Beaujolais): (France) Lighter, juicier, more floral, generally less complex Chardonnay “Shar-dun-nay” Tas	1. Which Newton-le- Willows singer has been nominated for an MTV award? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. Which Newton-le- Willows singer has been nominated for an MTV award? 2. Lenny Henry will star in which Shakespearean tragedy next year? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. Lenny Henry will star in which Shakespearean tragedy next year? 3. Will Young has been invited to take part in which panel show after saying he is a fan? 4. Nasty Nick Cotton is to return to which TV soap? 5. Which author earns £3m a week in royalties, it was revealed this week? 6. Which band release the album Dig Out Your Soul on Monday? 7. In which year was a World Cup final first decided on penalties? 8. What is the tallest and thickest kind of grass? 9. Which TV cast had a hit with Hi-Fidelity? 10. What nationality was the composer Handel? 11. What is most expensive property in the board game Monopoly? 12. Which Scandinavian group had a top 20 hit in 1993 called Dark Is The Night? 13. In which century was King Henry IV of England born? 14. Who directed the film Alien? 15. Who was the only person to win a medal for Ireland at the Sydney Olympics in 2000? 16. What did Nicholas Copernicus argue was at the centre of our universe, and what was the common belief before then? 17. Which three American states begin with the letter O? 18. In what year did Ruth Ellis become the last woman to be hanged in England? 19. Who was the first British monarch to choose Buckingham Palace as their home? 20. How many Jack’s eyes are visible in a standard pack of playing cards? 21. What is Britain’s largest lake? 22. Cameroon gained its independence from which European country in 1960? 23. Who had a number one in 1960 called Only The Lonely? 24. The 1964 film My Fair Lady was based on a play by whom? 25. Which of the Bronte sisters wrote the novels Agnes Gray and The Tenant Of Wildfell Hall? 26. Which American president once famously proclaimed: “Ich bin ein Berliner”? 27. Which element has the chemical symbol Pb? 28. What was the name of the murder victim at the beginning of the TV series Twin Peaks? 29. Who directed the 2001 film Mulholland Drive? 30. In horse racing, which three racecourses stage the five English classics? ANSWERS: 1. Rick Astley; 2. Othello; 3. Question Time; 4. Eastenders; 5. JK Rowling; 6. Oasis; 7. 1994; 8. Bamboo; 9. The Kids From Fame; 10. German; 11. Mayfair; 12. A-Ha; 13. 14th; 14. Ridley Scott; 15. Sonia O’Sullivan; 16. The Sun. Before then people believed it was the Earth; 17. Ohio, Oklahoma and Oregon; 18. 1955; 19. Queen Victoria; 20. 12; 21. Loch Lomond; 22. France; 23. Roy Orbison; 24. George Bernard Shaw; 25. Anne; 26. John F. Kennedy; 27. Lead; 28. Laura Palmer; 29. David Lynch; 30. Doncaster, Epsom, Newmarket Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,889	What country did the band ABBA hail from?	BIOGRAPHY: Abba Lifetime Born: 16 12 1946 Birth place: Stockholm, Sweden Both Benny Andersson's father and grandfather were musicians and he was introduced to the accordion at a very young age. Benny had no patience for regular music lessons, preferring to pick up the instrument and play it. With obvious musical talent, he was able to easily do this with almost any instrument. By the age of 18, Benny’s favourite was the piano. He was with girlfriend Christina Gronvall at this time. She had fallen pregnant with the first of their two children when Benny was only 15-years-old. After graduating from high school, Benny was invited to join The Hep Stars, a popular Swedish beat group with a huge teenage girl fanbase. It was during this time that he met fellow young songwriter Bjorn Ulvaeus. Benny remained with The Hep Stars for a number of successful years, until they disbanded in the late 1960s. He then joined forces with Bjorn and they released an LP together. Shortly after that, Bjorn and Benny’s girlfriends, Agnetha Faltskog and Anni-Frid Lyngstad, joined the duo. They formed the touring folk act Festfolket, which was not much of a success. The foursome then transformed into the legendary ABBA, finding international stardom and remarkable success. Bjorn Ulvaeus Born: 25 04 1945 Birth place: Gothenburg, Sweden Bjorn's first foray into music was with the folk music act The Hootenanny Singers, who had strong jazz and blues influences. They made their television debut in a Swedish talent contest in 1963. Bjorn joined up with Benny Andersson to write songs. One of these, 'Isn’t it Easy to Say', was a hit for The Hep Stars, and Bjorn sometimes guested with the band when they were on tour. At one point, it was suggested that The Hep Stars and The Hootenanny Singers merge to form one band, although this never happened. Stig Anderson, manager of The Hootenay Singers and founder of Polar Music, saw Benny and Bjorn’s collective potential and encouraged them to write more songs in order to release an album. They followed his advice and Polar Music released their album 'Lycka' ('Happiness') in 1970. Benny and Bjorn went on to release a further six singles. They also wrote a significant amount of music for the Polar label before joining with their girlfriends, Anni-Frid and Agnetha, to form ABBA, under the management of Stig Anderson. Anni-Frid Lyngstad Born: 15 11 1945 Birth place: Narvik, Norway Anni-Frid’s mother, young Norwegian Synni Lyngstad, had an affair with German officer, Alfred Haase, during World War II. It was at the end of the war, when he returned to his country, that Synni discovered she was pregnant with his child. She gave birth to Anni-Frid (Frida, as she was later known) in the small Norwegian town of Narvik. To avoid being punished as a collaborator, Synni took her baby daughter to Torshalla, Sweden. When Frida was only two-years-old, her mother died and her grandmother, who always encouraged her to sing, raised her. In 1957, at age 13, Frida made her stage debut at a Red Cross charity event. She met her boyfriend, Ragnar Fredriksson, when she was 15 and they had a son, Hans, when Frida was only 17. Shortly after Hans’s birth, Frida and Ragnar married and they had their second child, Lise-Lotte, a few years later. Frida, a part-time cabaret singer, was fully committed to her burgeoning music career and was not prepared to give it up to be a full-time mother. This caused tensions in the marriage and eventually they divorced. Frida left her children in the care of their father, Ragnar, and her grandmother (“Mamma”), and went to live in Stockholm. It was here that Frida met Benny Andersson, at the folkpark tour, and they were soon a couple. Benny invited her to sing backing vocals with Agnetha Faltskog, Bjorn’s girlfriend, on the 'Lycka' album. Both women were uncredited for this work. Soon after this, the foursome became ABBA. Benny produced Frida’s only solo LP during the ABBA years, 'Frida Ensam' (1975), which included an earlier, Swedish hit single version of 'Fernando'. Agnetha Faltskog Born: 05 04 1950 Birth pla	Sweden - The Three Crowns SWEDEN The lesser arms of Sweden Sweden - The Three Crowns The Three Crowns (in Swedish known as the Tre Kronor) is a national emblem of Sweden. It is in the Coat of Arms of the Realm of Sweden, specifically the small coat of arms. The emblem is composed of three yellow or gilded coronets arranged with two above and one below on a blue background. This emblem has been utilised by Sweden since at least 1336. As there are three crowns this has led to speculation about the symbolism: •The crowns are representation of the three crowned gods of Uppsala;the city of Uppsala has been the seat of a holy place even before the times of Christianity. •The crowns represent the three areas of Uppland (the area around Uppsala);these areas had the right to take part in the election of the king. •The three crowns are representations of the Three Wise Men (or Holy Kings). •The crowns are just a representation of the king's power, and the number three is without significance. •Magnus Eriksson was once king of Sweden. Magnus inherited the crown of Norway from his grandfather Haakon V of Norway, and then gained the Swedish crown as his father was the brother of the king of Sweden. In the 1330s king Magnus bought Scania from Denmark, and consequently used the title King of Sweden, Norway and Scania. The three crowns may represent King Magnus' three kingdoms. The Three Crowns are recorded as ringing the shield of Magnus Ladulås (a Swedish king), right back from the late 13th century. The actual arms with three crowns have been also found in a fresco in Avignon, commemorating a meeting of cardinals, which took place in 1336. It is known that the arms with three crowns were first used in a seal of a Swedish king Albrecht in 1364. Soon after this, the emblem became the arms of Sweden, rather than the arms of the dynasty in power. Regardless of how the Three Crowns originated, the emblem is often used as a symbol of authority by the Swedish government and by Swedish embassies in other countries. The three crowns on Stockholm's City Hall. The emblem is used in less formal and formal roles: •The Swedish national men's ice hockey team, wear the symbol on their sweaters and usually three blue crowns on a yellow shirt. Consequently this national team have been called ‘Three Crowns’. •The emblem can be found atop the Stockholm City Hall. • The Three Crowns are used as the roundel on Swedish Air Force military aircraft. •This emblem is also used as a sign on Swedish military equipment in general. •The Three Crowns also appear on the uniforms and vehicles of the Swedish Police Service. In the 1550s, King Gustav Vasa of Sweden learnt that the Danish King Christian III had added The Three Crowns to his own coat of arms. Gustav thought this was Christian III's sign of intending to conquer Sweden and resurrect the union. Christian argued that since the monarchs of the Union had used it, the symbol belonged to both kingdoms. In Sweden The Three Crowns were regarded as exclusively Swedish;this led to a long-lasting diplomatic conflict. From the beginning of the 17th century both countries agreed they may each use The Three Crowns in their coats of arms. For more information, please view: http://www.ryderantiques.com © Copyright www.sweden.org.za	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,890	In which city was Muhammed Ali born in 1942?	Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr. (1942 - 2016) - Genealogy Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr. Louisville, Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States Death: in Phoenix, Maricopa County, Arizona, United States Cause of death: Respiratory failure as a complication of septic shock Place of Burial: 701 Baxter Ave, Louisville, Jefferson County, Kentucky, 40204, United States Immediate Family: Husband of <private> Ali (Williams) Ex-husband of <private> Clay (Roi); <private> Camacho Ali (Boyd) and <private> Porsche-Ali (Porche) Father of <private> Ali; <private> Ali-Wertheimer (Ali); <private> (Ali); <private> Walsh (Ali); <private> Joyce (Ali) and 4 others ; <private> Ali; <private> (Ali); <private> Conway (Ali) and <private> Ali « less Brother of <private> Clay and Rudy Clay (Ragnab Ali) Occupation: Former boxer and three-time World Heavyweight Champion., boxer, Heavy Weight Champion Managed by: Jan 17 1942 - Louisville, Jefferson, Kentucky Parents: Jan 17 1942 - Louisville, Jefferson, Kentucky Parents: Jan 17 1942 - Louisville, Kentucky, United States Parents: Cassuis Marcellus Clay, Odessa Lee Clay (born Grady) Sibling: Jan 17 1942 - Louisville, Jefferson, Kentucky Parents: Cassius Marcellus Clay, Odessa Clay (born Grady) Sibling: Sonji (Born: Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.) (born Roi) Ex-partner: <Private> (Born: Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.) (born Boyd) Ex-partner: <Private> (Born: Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.) (born Porche) Partner: <Private> (Born: Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.) (born Williams) Partner: Jan 17 1942 - Louisville, Jefferson, Kentucky Parents: Cassius Marcellus Clay, Odessa Clay (born Grady) Ex-wife: Unknown Ali Children: Maryum Ali, Jamillah Ali, Rasheda Ali, Muhammad Ali Jr, Laila Ali, Hana Ali, Asaad Amin Ali, Miya Ali, Khaliah Ali Jan 17 1942 - Louisville, Jefferson, Kentucky, USA Parents: Jan 17 1942 - Louisville, Kentucky Parents: Cassius Marcellus Clay, Odessa Lee Grady Ex-wife: child About Muhammad Ali The only professional boxer to win the heavy-weight championship three times, Muhammad Ali provided leadership and an example for African American men and women around the world with his political and religious views. For his contribution to live performance, Ali was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6801 Hollywood Blvd. He was born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. on January 17, 1942, in Louisville, Kentucky, the first of Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. and Odessa Grady Clay's two sons. His father was a sign painter who also loved to act, sing, and dance; his mother worked as a cleaning lady when money was tight. Ali began boxing at the age of twelve. His bicycle had been stolen, and he reported the theft to a policeman named Joe Martin, who gave boxing lessons in a local youth center. Martin invited Ali to try boxing and soon saw that he had talent. Martin began to feature Ali on his local television show, "Tomorrow's Champions," and he started Ali working out at Louisville's Columbia Gym. An African American trainer named Fred Stoner taught Ali the science of boxing. Among the many things Ali learned was how to move with the grace and ease of a dancer. Although his schoolwork suffered, Ali devoted all of his time to boxing and improved steadily. As a teenager Ali won both the national Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and Golden Gloves championships. At the age of eighteen he competed in the 1960 Olympic games held in Rome, Italy, winning the gold medal in the lightheavyweight division. This led to a contract with a group of millionaires called the Louisville Sponsors Group. It was the biggest contract ever signed by a professional boxer. Ali worked his way through a series of professional victories, using a style that combined speed with great punching power. He was described by one of his handlers as having the ability to "float like a butterfly, and sting like a bee." Ali's unique style of boasting, rhyming, and expressing confidence brought him considerable media attention as he moved toward a chance to fight for the world heavyweight boxing championship. When he began to write poems predicting his victories in di	Muhammad Ali - Muhammad Ali - "The Greatest" - A life in pictures - Pictures - CBS News Next Muhammad Ali U.S. boxer and Olympic gold medalist Cassius Clay, who changed his name to Muhammad Ali and became a world-renowned cultural icon as a three-time heavyweight champion, died June 3, 2016, at the age of 74. The man known as "The Greatest" was a mesmerizing athlete who promoted his own ability to "float like a butterfly, sting like a bee," was considered the greatest heavyweight fighter in history. Credit: Getty Images Muhammad Ali Boxer Cassius Clay is shown in 1954. Long before his dazzling footwork and punching prowess made him a three-time world heavyweight boxing champion known as Muhammad Ali, a young Clay honed his skills by sparring with neighborhood friends and running alongside the bus on the way to school. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali Cassius Clay, right, 18-year-old from Louisville, Ky., throws a right at Tony Madigan of Australia, during the light heavyweight boxing semifinals at the Summer Olympic Games in Rome, Italy, Sept. 3, 1960. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali A trio of U.S. boxers wear gold medals at the Olympic village in Rome, Sept. 6, 1960. Shown from left are Wilbert McClure of Toledo, Ohio, light middleweight; Cassius Clay of Louisville, Ky., light heavyweight; and Edward Crook of Fort Campbell, Ky., middleweight. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali Cheering students of Central High School surround Olympic boxing champion Cassius Clay, raising hand in center, and wearing his Olympic medal, Sept. 10, 1960, in Louisville, Ky. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali A young Cassius Clay is seen with his trainer Angelo Dundee at City Parks Gym in New York, Feb. 8, 1962. Credit: AP Photo/Dan Grossi Muhammad Ali Young heavyweight fighter Cassius Clay is seen with his trainer Angelo Dundee at City Parks Gym in New York, Feb. 8, 1962. Credit: AP Photo/Dan Grossi Muhammad Ali Young heavyweight boxer Cassius Clay, who later changed his name to Muhammad Ali, points to a sign he wrote on a chalk board in his dressing room before his fight against Archie Moore in Los Angeles, Nov. 15, 1962, predicting he'd knock Moore out in the fourth round, which he went on to do. The sign also predicts Clay will be the next champ via a knockout over Sonny Liston in eight rounds. (He did it in seven.) Credit: AP Photo/Harold P. Matosian Muhammad Ali The Beatles (from left, Paul McCartney, John Lennon, Ringo Starr and George Harrison) take a fake blow from Cassius Clay while visiting the heavyweight contender at his training camp in Miami Beach, Fla., Feb. 18, 1964. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali Sonny Liston, right, lowers his head and works in close during the sixth round of heavyweight championship fight against Muhammad Ali (Cassius Clay) in Miami Beach, Fla., Feb. 25, 1964. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali Heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali, right, is shown with black Muslim leader Malcolm X outside the Trans-Lux Newsreel Theater in New York, March 1, 1964 after viewing a film about Ali's title fight with Sonny Liston. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali World heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali, wearing the Nigerian brown-and-white-striped Agbada costume, shouts to the crowd of youngsters who met him on his arrival in Lagos, Nigeria, June 1, 1964. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali Heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali, then known as Cassius Clay, stands over challenger Sonny Liston, shouting and gesturing shortly after dropping Liston with a short hard right to the jaw, May 25, 1965 in Lewiston, Maine. Ali was declared the winner. The bout lasted only one minute into the first round. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali Heavyweight boxing champ Cassius Clay paused on the step and greeted a friend March 17, 1966, as he arrived at the Veterans building to appeal his 1A draft classification. Behind him in a dark coat and hat is his attorney, Edward Jocko of New York. Credit: AP Photo Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali blows out the candles on a cake baked for his 25th birthday, in Houston. Ali's wife says the boxing great is still a "big kid" who enjoys his	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,891	What was the first name of Terry Collier's often seen sister in The Likely Lads	whatever happened to the likely lads : definition of whatever happened to the likely lads and synonyms of whatever happened to the likely lads (English) Website Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? is a 1970s British situation comedy broadcast between 9 January 1973 and 9 April 1974 on BBC1 . It was the colour sequel to the mid-1960s hit The Likely Lads . It was created and written, as was its predecessor, by Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais . There were 26 television episodes over two series; and a subsequent 45-minute Christmas special was aired on 24 December 1974. The cast were reunited in 1975 for a BBC radio adaptation of series 1, transmitted on Radio 4 from July to October that year. In 1976 a feature film spin-off was made. Around the time of its release, however, Rodney Bewes and James Bolam fell out over a misunderstanding involving the press and have not spoken since. This long-suspected situation was finally confirmed by Bewes while promoting his autobiography in 2005. Unlike Bewes, Bolam is consistently reluctant to talk about the show, and has vetoed any attempt to revive his character.[ citation needed ] Contents The series Bob and Terry set off on a bicycle race and both cheat The show followed the friendship, resumed after five years apart, of two working-class young men, Bob Ferris ( Rodney Bewes ) and Terry Collier ( James Bolam ). Set in Northeast England , humour was based on the tension between Terry's firmly working-class outlook and Bob's aspirations to join the middle class , through his new white-collar job, suburban home, and impending marriage to prissy librarian Thelma Chambers ( Brigit Forsyth ). Since the ending of the original series, in 1966, Bob has left factory life behind for an office job with his future father-in-law's building firm (something which leaves Bob even more desperate to retain favour with Thelma and her family). But what Bob does for a living is not a major factor in the show; more important is the fact that he is now a white-collar worker, and (at Thelma's urging) is joining badminton clubs, attending dinner parties, and — in all sorts of ways — appearing to Terry as aspiring to join the middle class. Terry thus sees his own army experience and solid working class ethos as giving him moral superiority over Bob. But he finds it hard to adjust to all the changes which have occurred in the five years he's been away. As implied in the lyrics to the programme's theme song, the 1970s series plays on both lads' feelings of nostalgia for the lost days of their innocent and reckless youth. Both characters are depressed by the demolition being carried out on the landmarks of their youth, but Bob, who works for a development agency, puts forward that it can be seen as progress. Bob also lives in his own semi-detached house on a recently-built estate, whereas Terry lives with his mother in a 19th century house, which he claims has far more charm than the one owned by Bob, where "The only thing that tells you apart from your neighbours is the colour of your curtains." Indeed, in the opening credits shots of Terry show him along with the older and more industrial buildings of the city, with Bob displayed along with modern, less attractive development. The word "likely" in the title referred, in the 1960s series, to those showing promise, but also those likely to get up to well-meaning mischief; but, as the 1970s title implied, the mischief days were (or at least, perhaps, should have been) behind them now. Yet, in reality, life was still seen by both Bob and Terry as something in which the only things that really mattered were beer, football and sex — though not necessarily in that order. As Terry says at one point, in disbelief, "After all, there are some people who don't like football!" The conflict between what Bob had become, and what he saw himself as, led him to be impulsively inclined to follow the lead set by the more headstrong Terry (especially after a heavy drinking session), who led them recklessly into one scrape after another. Terry frequently behaved badly, his wo	The Minder Songs The Minder Songs I Could Be So Good For You - Dennis Waterman & The Dennis Waterman Band (1979) The series itself had its own distinctive theme tune, written by Patricia Waterman and Gerard Kenny. The single "I Could Be So Good For You" / "Nothing At All" (EMI5009) reached number 4 in the UK charts. On 6th November 1980, Dennis also appeared on the British Music show "Top Of The Pops" (with his band) to perform the song. The group also re-appeared on the show a week later. Although Dennis left the series in 1989 the theme song remained for the Ray Daley Years featuring Gary Webster, though only in an upbeat "music only" version, this time only credited to Kenny. I Could Also Be So Good For You Click here to download the later, more upbeat version of I Could Be So Good For You MP3 format - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below. Interestingly, the official sheet music score is also available in pink! The strange choice of colours continues - as well as its release in Great Britain, the song was released in Ireland with this very fetching green EMI sleeve! The first episode of Top Of The Pops featuring Dennis and his band performing this song also features Motorhead performing "Ace Of Spades". What Are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors? - Dennis Waterman & George Cole (1983) In 1983, Dennis Waterman & George Cole collaborated on the "What Are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors?" / "Quids And Quavers" (EMIMIN 101) Christmas single. On both sides of the record, both play the respective roles of their Minder characters, Terry McCann and Arthur Daley. The record reached number 21, and spent a total of 5 weeks on the UK pop chart. The record featured a very catchy chorus line, that included many dialogues heard in the TV series. The pair performed the song on the UK music show "Top Of The Pops" on 22nd December, 1983. Click here to download What Are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors? MP3 (3.4 Mb) - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below If Arthur and Terry were really struggling to find something to get 'Er Indoors, perhaps they could have tried the promotional beer mat that accompanied the release of the single (shown here on the right). The B-Side "Quids and Quavers" sees Terry singing and playing the guitar. He has written a song for his new girlfriend Marjorie, who Arthur is shocked to find out is a police woman. This tracks contains more dialogue between Arthur & Terry, as Arthur discusses the idea of Terry becoming a professional performer! Both songs were written by George Cole and Dennis Waterman. Click here to download the B-side Quids & Quavers MP3 (mono) format (4.5 Mb) - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below Arthur Daley E's Alright - The Firm (1982) 1982 saw the release of a single by THE FIRM entitled "Arthur Daley 'e's alright" (HID 1). This song is based on the series and is made up of its most commonly used expressions. These include "Or'ight my son", "Leave it Out", "Do Wor?", "Asit 'appens"and many others. The picture of Arthur shown above appears on the picture sleeve of the single. A truly classic record for all those who love the Minder dialect. Incidentally, the B side of this record contains an even more amusing posh version! Slightly better than "Star Trekkin", Arthur Daley E's Alright was performed on the UK music show "Top Of The Pops" on 29th July, 1982. Click here to download The Firm Arthur Daley E's Alright MP3 (mono) format. - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below "Arthur Daley, a little dodgy maybe, but underneath..." "You know what Chisolm said? He said I'll know how Arthur Daley will die, he'll fall off the back of a lorry..." Night Moves - F McDonald Big thanks to Minder fan and hip hop/funk fan w0nt0n for this one - listen to it carefully, you'll find it in the Series 1 episode - "The Bounty Hunter" as Terry is going to meet Fenton for one last time. This instrumental is a very Very groovy tune. The song is also featured in an episode of Bergerac from 1981 called "Unlucky Dip", tha	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,892	What landlocked, mountainous, Central Asian country is bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China?	About Kyrgyzstan Emblem ETYMOLOGY “Kyrgyz” is believed to have been derived from the Turkic word for “forty”, in reference to the forty clans of Manas, a legendary hero who united forty regional clans against the Uyghurs. Literally it means We are forty. At the time, in the early 9th century AD, the Uyghurs dominated much of Central Asia (including Kyrgyzstan), Mongolia, and parts of Russia and China. The 40-ray sun on the flag of Kyrgyzstan is a reference to those same forty tribes and the graphical element in the sun’s center depicts the wooden crown of a yurt – a portable dwelling traditionally used by nomads in the steppes of Central Asia. REGIONS AND DISTRICTS OF KYRGYZSTAN Kyrgyzstan is divided into seven regions (sing. oblast) administered by appointed governors. The capital, Bishkek, and the second largest city Osh are administratively independent cities with a status equal to a region. The regions, and independent cities, are as follows: 1. City of Bishkek 8. Issyk-Kul 9. City of Osh Each region comprises a number of districts (raions), administered by government-appointed officials (akim). Rural communities (ayıl ökmötü), consisting of up to 20 small settlements, have their own elected mayors and councils. CLIMATE The climate varies regionally. The south-western Fergana Valley is subtropical and extremely hot in summer, with temperatures reaching 40 °C (104 °F) The northern foothills are temperate and the Tian Shan varies from dry continental to polar climate, depending on elevation. In the coldest areas temperatures are sub-zero for around 40 days in winter, and even some desert areas experience constant snowfall in this period. RELIGION Islam is the dominant religion of Kyrgyzstan: 80% of the population is Muslim while 17% follow Russian Orthodoxy and 3% other religions. A 2009 Pew Research Center report indicates a higher percentage of Muslims, with 86.3% of Kyrgyzstan’s population adhering to Islam. The majority of Muslims are non-denominational Muslims at 64% while roughly 23% are Sunni, adhering to the Hanafi school of thought. There are a few Ahmadiyya Muslims, though unrecognised by the country. During Soviet times, state atheism was encouraged. Today, however, Kyrgyzstan is a secular state, although Islam has exerted a growing influence in politics. For instance, there has been an attempt to arrange for officials to travel on hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca) under a tax-free arrangement. While Islam in Kyrgyzstan is more of a cultural background than a devout daily practice for many, public figures have expressed support for restoring religious values. For example, human rights ombudsman Tursunbay Bakir-Ulu noted, “In this era of independence, it is not surprising that there has been a return to spiritual roots not only in Kyrgyzstan, but also in other post-communist republics. It would be immoral to develop a market-based society without an ethical dimension.” Additionally, Bermet Akayeva, the daughter of Askar Akayev, the former President of Kyrgyzstan, stated during a July 2007 interview that Islam is increasingly taking root across the nation. She emphasized that many mosques have recently been built and that the Kyrgyz are increasingly devoting themselves to Islam, which she noted was “not a bad thing in itself. It keeps our society more moral, cleaner.” There is a contemporary Sufi order present which gives a somewhat different form of Islam than the orthodox Islam. The other faiths practiced in Kyrgyzstan include Russian Orthodox and Ukrainian Orthodox versions of Christianity, practiced primarily by Russians and Ukrainians respectively. A small minority of ethnic Germans are also Christian, mostly Lutheran and Anabaptist as well as a Roman Catholic community of approximately 600. A few Animistic traditions survive, as do influences from Buddhism such as the tying of prayer flags onto sacred trees, though some view this practice rooted within Sufi Islam.There are also a small number of Bukharian Jews living in Kyrgyzstan, but during the collapse of the Soviet Union most fled to other countries, ma	Indian Himalayan States - ENVIS on Himalayan Ecology, GBPIHED, Almora Indian Himalayan States % share of geographical area in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) 1 JAMMU & KASHMIR Jammu & Kashmir, located in the extreme north of the country, is situated between 320 17' and 370 5' N latitudes and 720 40' and 800 30' E longitudes. It is bounded on north by China, on east by Tibet, on south by Himachal Pradesh and Punjab and on west by Pakistan. Geographically, this state is divided into four zones ï¿½ the mountainous and semi-mountainous plain known as Kandi belt, hills including Siwalik ranges, mountains of Kashmir valley and Pir Panjal range, and Tibetan tract of Ladakh and Kargil. The state has a number of lakes, rivers, rivulets and glacial regions. The important rivers of this state are Indus, Chenab and Sutlej (Jhelum). There are extreme variations in climate in the state due to its location and topography. The climate of the state varies from tropical in Jammu plains to semi-arctic cold in Ladakh with Kashmir and Jammu mountainous tracts having temperate climatic conditions. The temperature of this state varies spatially. Leh is coldest and Jammu is the hottest region in the state. In the winter nights, temperature goes down below zero and very often heavy snowfall occurs during November to February. The annual rainfall varies from region to region with 92.6 mm in Leh, 650.5 mm in Srinagar and 1,115.9 mm in Jammu. Geologically, the state represents constituted rocks varying from the oldest period of the earthï¿½s history to the youngest present day river and lake deposits. Jammu & Kashmir at a glance Geographical area (km2) Agriculture (80% of total occupation) Major industries Handicrafts & handlooms *Included 78,114 and 37,555 km2 occupied by Pakistan and China, respectively, and 5,180 km2 handed over by Pakistan to China #Provisional figure of 2002 from SRS, Office of the Registrar General of India, Ministry of Home Affairs. HIMACHAL PRADESH Himachal Pradesh lies between the latitudes 30o 23' ï¿½ 33 o 13' N and longitudes 75 o 43' -79 o 4' E. The state is bounded by Uttarakhand on the southeast, Tibet on the east, Punjab on the west and southwest, Haryana on south and Jammu & Kashmir on the north. It is situated in the northwest corner of the India; right in the lap of Himalayan ranges. The altitudinal variation ranges between 460 meters to 6,600 meters above mean sea level. The state is divided into three zones ï¿½ the Siwaliks or the outer Himalaya, the low mountains which have less altitude in comparison to great mountains in the middle, and the zone of the Zanskar (high peaks of Himalaya). Many parts of this state are snow bound from December to April. Numerous passes and glaciers are found in this state. Most important rivers of this state are ï¿½ Chenab (Chandrabhaga), Ravi (Iravati), Sutlej (Shatadru), Beas (Vipasa) and Yamuna (Jamuna). The Chenab flows 122 km inside Himachal Pradesh before it enters Jammu & Kashmir. Yamuna has a catchments area of 2,320 km2 in Himachal Pradesh. The climate of northern part or the glacial region of this state is almost cool throughout the year. In winter, snowfall continues until March and could be as high as three meters on the average. The southern part has similarity with the plains and varies from hot to sub-humid. The state experiences cold season from October to middle of March, hot seasons from April to June, and rainy season begins from July and goes upto September. Himachal Pradesh at a glance Geographical Area #Provisional figure of 2002 from SRS, Office of the Registrar General of India, Ministry of Home Affairs. UTTARAKHAND Uttarakhand is located between 28o 43' ï¿½ 31o 27' N latitudes and 77o 34' ï¿½ 81o 02' E longitudes. The river Tons separates the state from Himachal Pradesh in the north-west, whereas the river Kali separates it from Nepal in the east. The greater Himalaya is the northern boundary of the state and is also the international boarder with China (Tibet). Foot-hills	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,893	Who was MP for Huntingdon from 1979 to 2001?	Mr John Major, former MP, Huntingdon - TheyWorkForYou TheyWorkForYou See full list of topics voted on Consistently voted against removing hereditary peers from the House of Lords Show votes We have lots more plain English analysis of Mr John Major’s voting record on issues like health, welfare, taxation and more. Visit Mr John Major’s full vote analysis page for more. Recent appearances Budget Resolutions and Economic Situation 12 Mar 2001 "Education, education, education" was originally a cry from Lenin, who did not mean it. I suspect that the Secretary of State, who has just left, does mean it. He is sincere and, in his unavoidable absence, I should like to congratulate him on graciously adopting some of the: proposals of my hon. Friend the Member for Maidenhead (Mrs. May), who is shadow Secretary of State. That behaviour is... Budget Resolutions and Economic Situation 12 Mar 2001 If it is nonsense, it is Red Book nonsense. Those figures come from the Red Book. Before the hon. Gentleman mutters into his non-existent beard, he should read the Red Book and check. It is possible that the Chancellor has given us more duff facts; we are used to that. However, if they are duff, that is his responsibility, not mine. There are 2 million more taxpayers and 700,000 more... Budget Resolutions and Economic Situation 12 Mar 2001 The hon. Gentleman ought to know that his Chancellor changed the way in which the figures are quoted in the Red Book, and the actual equivalent of what he has done is an extra 10p on tax The hon. Gentleman may care to examine that matter. [Interruption.] If it is nonsense, it is the Government's nonsense in the Government's own figures. Those are the figures that I am using. I am glad to hear...	BBC - History - British History in depth: Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline On This Day Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline Do you know which prime minister brought 'fallen women' to 10 Downing Street? Or which one fought a duel? Or who was known as 'the Goat'? Take a political journey through nearly 300 years of high ideals and low cunning, from Gordon Brown to the first man to hold prime ministerial powers, Robert Walpole. Margaret Thatcher Conservative, 1979 - 1990 Britain's first female prime minister came to power with the country descending into industrial and economic chaos. A relatively inexperienced politician, she nonetheless adopted a personal style of indomitable self-confidence and brooked no weakness in herself or her colleagues. Derisively dubbed the 'Iron Lady' by the Soviet press, she wore the moniker with pride. Her government's free-market policies included trade liberalisation, deregulation, sweeping privatisation, breaking the power of the unions, focus on the individual and the creation of an 'enterprise culture'. 'Thatcherism' has had a profound and lasting economic and social impact on Britain, and still sharply divides opinion to this day. The first PM to serve three consecutive terms (including two 'landslide' victories) she was eventually toppled by her own party following the disastrous imposition of a 'poll tax'. Nonetheless, she is generally considered to be one of the best peace time prime ministers of the 20th Century. James Callaghan Labour, 1976 - 1979 Callaghan inherited the office of prime minister following the surprise resignation of Harold Wilson. With only a tiny parliamentary majority to support him, he faced an increasingly one-sided confrontation with organised labour in the form of rampant strike action. Things came to a head in the so-called 'Winter of Discontent', a phrase from Shakespeare borrowed by Callaghan himself to describe the events leading up to February 1979. Britain was 'strikebound', with public servants staging mass walk outs, leaving food and fuel supplies undelivered, rubbish uncollected and - most notoriously - bodies unburied. Things became so bad in Hull it was dubbed 'the second Stalingrad'. The tabloid press has since been accused of overstating the severity of the situation (and wrongly quoting him as saying 'Crisis? What Crisis?') but it was enough at the time to sound the death knell for Callaghan's government later in the same year. Harold Wilson Labour, 1974 - 1976 In March 1974, Wilson became prime minister for the third time at the head of a minority government, following the first hung parliament (one where no party holds a majority) for 45 years. Often described as a wily fixer and negotiator, it took all of his skills to hold on to power in the face of economic and industrial turmoil. His party was also sharply divided, with many Labour members of parliament (MPs) bitter about Wilson's manoeuvring against his colleagues. He called another general election in October 1974, thereby ending the shortest parliament since 1681, and was returned to office with a majority of just three seats. He presided over a referendum on Britain's membership of the European Economic Community (EEC), and a collapse in the value of the pound which prompted a humiliating 'rescue operation' by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Exhausted, Wilson resigned saying 'politicians should not go on and on'. Edward Heath Conservative, 1970 - 1974 Heath succeeded in taking Britain into the European Economic Community (EEC), the precursor to the European Union, despite two previous failed attempts by Britain to gain entry, in 1961 and 1967. But his government was dogged by torrid industrial relations and recurrent economic crises. Things came to a head in January 1974, when industry was put on a 'three-day week' to conserve fuel. Fuel was in dangerously short supply following a combination of domestic industrial action (coal miners on 'work-to-rule') and a quadrupling of prices by Middle Eastern oil exporting nations in the wake of Israel's victory in the Yom Kipp	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,894	What was the first name of Stretford-born artist L. S. Lowry?	His Life and Career LS Lowry - His Life and Career Art School 1905 "If people call me a Sunday painter I'm a Sunday painter who paints every day of the week!" Lowry was always irritated by people who thought he was an amateur painter, self-taught and untutored. "Started when I was fifteen. Don't know why. Aunt said I was no good for anything else, so they might as well send me to Art School..." In 1905 he began evening classes in antique and freehand drawing. He was to study both in the Manchester Academy of Fine Art and at Salford Royal Technical College in Peel Park. Academic records show him still attending classes in the 1920s. Lowry knew from his teachers - people like the Frenchman Adolphe Valette - how French Impressionism had changed the painting of landscapes and the modern city. He knew from exhibitions in Manchester what the current trends in modern art were, and deeply admired Pre-Raphaelites like Ford Madox Brown and Rossetti. Far from being a naïve Sunday painter, Lowry was an artist looking for his own distinctive way of painting and drawing - and for a subject matter he could make his own, preferring eventually the view from the Technical College window to that of the posed model. A Painter's Vision, 1920 In his early years Lowry lived in the leafy Manchester suburb of Victoria Park. Then lack of money obliged his family to move to Station Road, Pendlebury, where factory chimneys were a more familiar sight then trees. Lowry would recall "At first I detested it, and then, after years I got pretty interested in it, then obsessed by it." The subjects for his paintings were on his doorstep. In later life he recalled this as a sort of vision. "One day I missed a train from Pendlebury - (a place) I had ignored for seven years - and as I left the station I saw the Acme Spinning Company's mill … The huge black framework of rows of yellow-lit windows standing up against the sad, damp charged afternoon sky. The mill was turning out... I watched this scene - which I'd looked at many times without seeing - with rapture..." An Appreciation, 1921 A writer in The Guardian newspaper, Bernard Taylor, recognised the real quality of Lowry's work, when he reviewed one of the artist's earliest exhibitions. "Mr Laurence S Lowry has a very interesting and individual outlook. His subjects are Manchester and Lancashire street scenes, interpreted with technical means as yet imperfect, but with real imagination... We hear a great deal nowadays about recovering the simplicity of vision of primitives in art. These pictures are authentically primitive, the real thing not an artificially cultivated likeness to it. The problems of representation are solved not by reference to established conventions, but by sheer determination to express what the artist has felt, whether the result is according to rule or not..." The Industrial Scene late 1920s - 1930s Lowry worked as rent collector for the Pall Mall Property Company. He did not tell people about his work because he did not want them to think of him as a spare-time painter. His job led to him walking all over the city. What did he see? Children playing in the streets, people returning from work, going off to work, gossip on the front steps, incidents, market places and Whit-processions. But all this changed in his lifetime: blitz and rebuilding, slum clearances and new housing, changed the face of the city he had observed so well. "I saw the industrial scene and I was affected by it. I tried to paint it all the time. I tried to paint the industrial scene as best I could. It wasn't easy. Well, a camera could have done the scene straight off." Artist at Work Lowry felt that drawings were as hard to do as painting. He worked the surface of his drawings by smudging, erasing and rubbing the pencil lines on his paper to build the atmosphere of the drawing. He was always doing quick sketches on the spot on whatever paper he had in his pockets. Lowry carefully composed his pictures in a painting room at home and took great care over placing each figure. Late in life he would sit before a canvas	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,895	Which is the only film of the fantasy genre ever to win the best picture Oscar - full name required?	Oscars 2016: Why has no sci-fi movie ever won Best Picture? - CSMonitor.com Oscars 2016: Why has no sci-fi movie ever won Best Picture? Latest News 'The Martian,' starring Matt Damon, is nominated for seven Academy Awards, including Best Actor and Best Picture. Aidan Monaghan/20th Century Fox/AP/File View Caption of This year, according to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, some of the best films looked beyond our own world. Two of the nominees for the 2016 Oscar Best Picture are “The Martian,” based on Andy Weir’s novel about an astronaut stranded on Mars, and “Mad Max: Fury Road,” set in a future dystopia where both water and gasoline are scarce. The two sci-fi nominees are raising eyebrows, as no sci-fi film has ever won Best Picture and “genre” films in general rarely receive the statuette. The only fantasy film to ever win Best Picture was the 2003 movie “The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King” and the only horror movie to win Best Picture was the 1991 psychological thriller “The Silence of the Lambs.” Photos of the Day Our best photos of the year 2016 In an interview with The Christian Science Monitor, Paul Levinson, professor of communication and media studies at Fordham University and author of the time-travel book "The Plot to Save Socrates," says that the members of the Academy "somehow think that science fiction is not as serious as a movie like 'Spotlight.' " In recent years, a few sci-fi movies, including the 2013 movie “Gravity,” the 2010 movie “Inception,” and the 2009 movies “Avatar” and “District 9,” have received Best Picture nods. One contributing factor may be the increased number of nominees. For the 2010 Oscars, the Academy announced that 10 movies would be nominated for the top prize. Now between five and 10 films make the cut. Levinson says the increased pool of nominees have helped sci-fi movies like these get on the short list. "But science fiction hasn't won," he points out. “Martian” and “Max” are facing particularly stiff competition this year. “Spotlight,” “The Big Short,” and “The Revenant” are all viewed as potential frontrunners, and possible harbingers of Best Picture victory like the Screen Actors Guild Awards and the Directors Guild Awards have gone with mostly different movies. Despite the repeated Oscar snubs, fans seem to love science fiction, if the box office is any indication. Superhero movies are ruling Hollywood, and most of them include sci-fi elements: radioactive spiders, gene mutations, exploding planets – one of the genre’s biggest hits, “Guardians of the Galaxy,” took place almost entirely in space. Long-running science fiction series like “Star Wars” and “Star Trek,” among others, have raked in big commercial successes as well. In the future, Levinson says he could see someone like "Martian" director Ridley Scott – a titan in science fiction, having directed such films as "Alien" and "Blade Runner" – win the best director award (he's not nominated this year), but the film itself still won't take the top honor, he predicts. "When it comes to individual people, they're usually more likely to be rewarded by best director," Levinson says. This occurred in 2014, when "Gravity" director Alfonso Cuaron received the best director prize but the Best Picture award went to "12 Years a Slave." The lack of Best Picture wins for sci-fi speaks to a larger misunderstanding of the genre, says Levinson. "People just have trouble accepting science fiction as something that has relevance to our real life, which science fiction at its best does," he says. Next up Get the Monitor stories you care about delivered to your inbox. Daily	1996 Academy Awards® Winners and History Shine (1996, Australia/UK) Actor: GEOFFREY RUSH in "Shine", Tom Cruise in "Jerry Maguire", Ralph Fiennes in "The English Patient", Woody Harrelson in "The People vs. Larry Flynt", Billy Bob Thornton in "Sling Blade" Actress: FRANCES MCDORMAND in "Fargo" , Brenda Blethyn in "Secrets & Lies", Diane Keaton in "Marvin's Room", Kristin Scott Thomas in "The English Patient", Emily Watson in "Breaking the Waves" Supporting Actor: CUBA GOODING, JR. in "Jerry Maguire", William H. Macy in "Fargo" , Armin Mueller-Stahl in "Shine", Edward Norton in "Primal Fear", James Woods in "Ghosts of Mississippi" Supporting Actress: JULIETTE BINOCHE in "The English Patient", Joan Allen in "The Crucible", Lauren Bacall in "The Mirror Has Two Faces", Barbara Hershey in "Portrait of a Lady", Marianne Jean-Baptiste in "Secrets & Lies" Director: ANTHONY MINGHELLA for "The English Patient", Joel Coen for "Fargo" , Milos Forman for "The People vs. Larry Flynt", Scott Hicks for "Shine", Mike Leigh for "Secrets & Lies" In the 1996 awards race, four of the five Best Picture nominees were from independent studios - and financed outside of mainstream Hollywood. 1996 was therefore dubbed "The Year of the Independents," plus films from abroad. For the first time in Oscar history, none of the major Hollywood studios (including Paramount, MGM, Warner Bros., UA, Fox, Columbia, Universal, or Disney's Buena Vista) were represented among the Best Picture-nominated films for 1996. All the pictures nominated for Best Picture were low-budget, independent films - with the sole exception possibly being Tri-Star's Jerry Maguire, the closest nominee to a major, mainstream Hollywood studio. [The surge for independent films wouldn't last long - in 1997, the big-studio, big-budget Titanic (1997) swept the Oscars.] The big winner of the year was writer/director Anthony Minghella's The English Patient (a Saul Zaentz/Miramax film). [20th Century Fox studios dropped its support during pre-production, letting it go to the independent Miramax.] It was a prestigious, three hour long World War II saga/romance composed of flashbacks, conspiracies, and ambiguities and based on an adaptation of Michael Ondaatje's novel, about a French-Canadian nurse who cares for a mysterious, dying burn patient ('The English Patient') in a ruined, abandoned monastery in Italy's Tuscany, after he was wounded in a WWII plane crash in the African desert. It had twelve nominations and nine Oscar wins - Best Picture, Best Director, Best Supporting Actress, Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography, Best Sound, Best Original Dramatic Score, Best Costume Design, and Best Film Editing. It lost its nominations for Best Adapted Screenplay (Minghella), Best Actor (Fiennes) and Best Actress (Scott Thomas). Its nine Oscar wins made it the third most-awarded film in Academy history - and tied it with two other films with nine wins: Gigi (1958), and The Last Emperor (1987). Previously, only two other films had more wins: Ben-Hur (1959) (with eleven). With its Best Picture win for the expensively-made film, producer Saul Zaentz became a multiple Oscar-winning producer over a span of twenty years with over twenty Oscars for	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,896	From which musical did the Oscar winning song Cheek To Cheek appear	Every Oscar Winner for Best Original Song, Ranked \| SPIN Every Oscar Winner for Best Original Song, Ranked Looking back at the best and worst of 82 years of statue-winning movie themes Andrew Unterberger // February 19, 2015 Share < br />this article: CREDIT: Photo Composite by James Grebey It was 1935 when Con Conrad and and Herb Magidson took home the first-ever Oscar for Best Original Song: “The Continental,” from the Fred Astraire and Ginger Rogers musical The Gay Divorcee. Since then, the winners have expanded from big-band dance number centerpieces to include stirring pop epics from animated movies, non-diagetic love ballads from blockbuster romances, and character themes from all sorts of genres — rock, folk, country, funk and, in the 21st century, even hip-hop. The list of the songs that have won Best Original Song is a bizarre one. It encompasses classic rock legends like Bob Dylan and Bruce Springsteen, Great American Songbook crafters like Irving Berlin and Burt Bacharach… and also Christopher Cross, Bret from Flight of the Conchords, and three seperate songs sung by Jennifer Warnes. Timeless classic films like The Wizard of Oz, High Noon, and Breakfast at Tiffany’s are represented… as are A Hole in the Head, Waikiki Wedding, Thank God It’s Friday, and some movie called Frozen. Put this playlist on shuffle and you’ll be hospitalized for whiplash within six songs. We’ve trudged through the gems and the duds, the songs that have become part of cinema history and the songs whose writers have even forgotten about, to rank the winners from worst to first — also taking a moment to point out the notable nominees beaten each year, and those snubbed from being nominated in the first place, whether due to arcane Academy rules or sheer neglect. Be warned that we ranked the songs according to the versions used in their Oscar-winning parent movies, which aren’t necessarily the most famous version of the song — so it’s Terence Howard and Taraji P. Henson doing “It’s Hard Out Here For a Pimp,” not Three 6 Mafia, and Angela Lansbury singing “Beauty and the Beast,” not Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson. See where your favorites ranked below — unless your favorite is Phil Collins’ Tarzan song, in which case maybe don’t — and check back next week to see where this year’s winner ends up falling. 82. “The Morning After” (The Poseidon Adventure, 1972) Written By: Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn Performed By: Renee Armand This ponderous, overblown track wails a promise that there are better times to come if you can push through the darkest times. Presumably, the “Morning After” writers were referring to the duration of their own treacly abomination of a ballad. The only thing this song is good for is banishing a demonic succubus back to the hellfire from whence it came, as South Park so expertly noted. JAMES GREBEY Also Nominated From ’72: Michael Jackson’s first chart-topping solo hit, the title track from the movie Ben, earned a nomination for writers Walter Scharf and Don Black. Not exactly “Rock With You” or “Billie Jean” that got beat here — songs about rats generally have a certain ceiling — but just about anything would have been preferable to “The Morning After.” Snubbed: Nothing from Curtis Mayfield’s iconic Super Fly soundtrack to be found — probably a counter-balance to Isaac Hayes winning the year before, lest the Academy start to reach a level of cool that would have been totally unsustainable. 81. “You’ll Be in My Heart” (Tarzan, 1999) Written By: Phil Collins Performed By: Phil Collins Speaking of South Park, the movie’s amazing assault on our neighbors to the north, “Blame Canada,” got screwed out of an Oscar by Phil Colins’ mewling sapfest. While some of the soft-rock icon’s contributions to Tarzan are fun in a cornball kind of way, “You’ll Be in My Heart” is an overwrought bore. J.G. Also Nominated From ’99: “Canada” wasn’t the only gem passed over in the name of Phil: Aimee Mann’s “Save Me” from Magnolia, an Oscar nominee of rare subtlety and vulnerability, was also overlooked. Snubbed: R.E.M.’s “Man on the Moon,” the Aut	2000 Academy Awards® Winners and History Traffic (2000, Germ./US) Actor: RUSSELL CROWE in "Gladiator," Javier Bardem in "Before Night Falls," Tom Hanks in "Cast Away," Ed Harris in "Pollock," Geoffrey Rush in "Quills" Actress: JULIA ROBERTS in "Erin Brockovich," Joan Allen in "The Contender," Juliette Binoche in "Chocolat," Ellen Burstyn in "Requiem for a Dream," Laura Linney in "You Can Count On Me" Supporting Actor: BENICIO DEL TORO in "Traffic," Jeff Bridges in "The Contender," Willem Dafoe in "Shadow of the Vampire," Albert Finney in "Erin Brockovich," Joaquin Phoenix in "Gladiator" Supporting Actress: MARCIA GAY HARDEN in "Pollock," Judi Dench in "Chocolat," " Kate Hudson in "Almost Famous," Frances McDormand in "Almost Famous," Julie Walters in "Billy Elliot" Director: STEVEN SODERBERGH for "Traffic," Stephen Daldry for "Billy Elliot," Ang Lee for "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon," Steven Soderbergh for "Erin Brockovich," Ridley Scott for "Gladiator" This year's Best Picture nominees were from an eclectic, diverse and varied group of films: two fighting epics (one foreign, one ancient), two dramas about battles (America's failed drug war and a legal struggle against a power company), and a simple, comic fable. Three of the five Best Picture nominees prominently featured women. The Oscar awards were spread somewhat evenly among the Best Picture nominees, except for Chocolat. The big winner in 2000 was director Ridley Scott's spectacular, big budget (over $200 million) sword-and-sandal Roman Empire epic set in 180 A.D., Gladiator - a basic tale of good vs. evil, betrayal, and revenge - about an outcast Roman general (and single-minded rebel-hero) seeking vengeance for betrayal and his family's death. The spectacle of the Roman Colosseum's gladiatorial battles and contests was balanced with royal intrigue involving the resentful heir to the Roman throne. (Although greatly enhanced with CGI-digital effects, it revived the memory of dramatic historic-epic films and 'sword-and-sandal' spectaculars of the 50s, such as Quo Vadis? (1951), Ben-Hur (1959) and Spartacus (1960).) The film received twelve nominations and won five awards: Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Visual Effects, Best Sound, and Best Costume Design. DreamWorks Studios boasted back-to-back wins for Best Picture - it also won the previous year with American Beauty (1999). Its nominations included the major and minor categories of Best Director, Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Score, Best Visual Effects, Best Cinematography, Best Film Editing, Best Art Direction, Best Sound, and Best Costumes. This marked the first time in 51 years -- since 1949 (the year that All the King's Men (1949) had seven nominations and three wins: Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Supporting Actress) that the Best Picture winner didn't also win an additional Oscar for Best Director or for Best Screenplay. The other Best Picture nominees included the following: Ang Lee's Mandarin-language martial-arts film, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (or Wo hu zang long) (with ten nominations and four wins), was the biggest-earning foreign film of all time (at $130 million), and the most-nominated foreign language film ever. The film's four wins tied it	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,897	How many spoons are there in a full set of Apostle spoons?	Rarity4u - Apostle Spoons You have declined cookies. This decision can be reversed. Reconsider Cookies Apostle Spoons For many years, godparents and other relatives have given silver spoons as christening presents. It was this tradition that gave birth to the expression “born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth”, suggesting a child will never be without money. This tradition of giving a spoon can be traced back to the mid 1500's, when spoons cast with one of the 12 apostles were often given as christening and wedding presents. The wealthy giving complete sets and others a small number or just one. It was a generous gift as the majority of spoons at this time were made of wood, few people being able to afford pewter or silver. Complete sets of thirteen different spoons having the same maker and date are very rare.It was also a very practical one as up until about 1670 people just used their fingers and a spoon at mealtimes. People were likely to carry their one and only spoon with them, wiping it between courses. It is unlikely that apostle spoons were in use much before 1500 - the oldest known example is from 1593. An apostle spoon is a type of spoon that has, as the finial, a cast figure depicting one of the Twelve Apostles with his attribute. The typically faceted handles and fig-shaped bowls were generally made from one piece of silver. The figure was attached to the finial with a ‘V’ joint by London makers, while a lap joint was used in other regions. Some of the bowls of the Apostle Spoons were hammered and the stem forged on the bowl; the figures of the Apostles were cast, being afterwards soldered on to the stem. The mark was punched inside the bowl. The apostle figures were identifiable by the symbolic object they carried; 01 The Master cross and orb 02 St. Peter a sword or a key 03 St. Andrew a cross 04 St. James the Greter a pilgrim's staff 05 St. John the cup od sorrow 06 St. Phillip a staff 07 St. Bartholomew a knife 08 St. Thomas a spar 09 St. Matthew an axe or halbert 10 St. James the Less a fuller's bat 11 St. Jude a square 12 St. Simon Zelotes a long saw 13 St. Judas a bag of money Spoons are an extremely popular collecting area in general, partially because a comparatively large number of old examples have survived. Of all antique spoons, apostle spoons are particularly desirable, having attracted the interest of collectors since the 1700's. They have remained popular and thus valuable. Early examples are rare and there are only two complete sets featuring the 12 apostles and Jesus known to exist today. The relatively high value has lead to a number of fakes appearing on the market – usually made up from an antique spoon and a reproduction figure. A full set of Apostle spoons will consist of thirteen spoons, usually silver, with a small figure of Jesus or one of the twelve apostles at the end of each stem. When first made, an apostle spoon such as one made in 1647 by Thomas Dare of Somerset, United Kingdom, would have cost 15 shillings which was a lot of money at the time. Apostle spoons, as with all silver items, have been forged many times over the years and reproduced in great numbers including some made of pewter or latten, as well as inexpensive reproduction which often show the figure without a nimbus or an attribute.If you are checking authenticity, take a close look at the proportions of the spoon - a bowl that is too big for the stem should arouse your suspicions. Look also at the apostle figure which in fakes will often be poorly carved or not have the correct emblem. Finally if there is no wear at all around the edge of the bowl you may be looking at a fake - genuine articles will often show wear and tear.	Index-a Don't Forget To Hit <ESC> before going to a different page. Let's play a game of 30 questions. No, not that old standard of 20 questions, but one with an extra 10 questions added in and one that uses numeric answers (from 1 to 30). If you get stumped, go on to the next one. Perhaps the answer you need will be one of those left over when you complete all the questions you're sure of. Each answer is a number. The answers are the numbers 1-30. Each number appears only once. (Obviously) the questions are not in the right order.. 1. Aside from an extra 385 yards, how many miles is a marathon race? 2. If 27 solid cubes are formed into one big 3x3x3 cube how many individual cubes, at most, are visible from any single angle? 3. In the movie Spinal Tap what number is: "Well, it is one louder.."? 4. 'Via Dolorosa' is the (how many) Stations of the Cross, the Christian ritual tracing the key stages of the death of Jesus, beginning with his condemnation and ending with his being laid in the tomb? 5. How many dots are on a (standard 1-6) die? 6. The Russian 'Crimea Highway' trunk road from Moscow to the Crimea in Ukraine is the M (what)? 7. What number, between two hyphens, is used by journalists, etc., to mark the end of a newspaper or broadcast story? 8. How many unique dominoes are in a standard 'double six' set? 9. What number turned on its side (rotated 90 degrees) is the symbol for infinity? 10. The Marvel Comics superhero team led by Mr Fantastic was the Fanstastic (what)? 11. What is the larger number of the binary system? 12. Japanese haiku poems loosely comprise how many syllables? 13. The Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn are respectively (what number)-and-half degrees north and south of the Equator? 14. What number is Hurricane on the Beaufort Scale? 15. Greek deka, and Latin decem, are what number? 16. Conventionally how many books are in the Bible's New Testament? 17. How many legs (or arms) are most usually on a starfish? 18. A lunar month is an average (how many) days plus 12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 seconds? 19. 'Roaring' refers to what pluralised number in describing a 1900s decade of western world prosperity? 20. Traditionally what number of years anniversary is symbolized by silver? 21. What is generally stated to be the number of major joints in the human body? 22. What number is the French coded slang 'vingt-deux!', which warns that police are coming? 23. What is the only number that equals twice the sum of its digits (digit means numerical symbol)? 24. The early/mid-1900s American vaudeville comedy act was called the (how many) Stooges? 25. Any line of three numbers in the 'magic square' (a 3 x 3 grid of the numbers 1-9) adds up to what? 26. What is the international SPI resin/polymer identification coding system number (typically shown within a recycling triangle symbol) for polystyrene? 27. Traditionally the diameter of the 45rpm gramophone record is (how many) inches? 28. Pure gold is (how many)-carat? 29. The expression 'On cloud (what)' refers to being blissfully happy? 30. Each player begins with (how many) pieces in a game of chess? Daniel David "Danny" Kirwan (born 13 May 1950) is a British musician whose greatest success came with his role as guitarist, singer and songwriter with the blues-rock band Fleetwood Mac between 1968 and 1972. Kirwan's first recorded work with the band was on the huge instrumental hit single "Albatross". Green later stated that, "I would never have done "Albatross" if it wasn't for Danny. I would never have had a number one hit record." The B-side of the single was Kirwan's first published tune, the instrumental "Jigsaw Puzzle Blues". This was an old clarinet piece, written by Joe Venuti and Adrian Rollini, and recorded by the Joe Venuti / Eddie Lang Blue Five in 1933. Kirwan had adapted the piece for himself and Green to play on	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,898	Which river has Newport at its head and Cowes at its mouth?	Newport \| Isle of Wight, England, United Kingdom \| Britannica.com Isle of Wight, England, United Kingdom Written By: London Newport, town (parish), Isle of Wight , historic county of Hampshire , southern England . It lies near the centre of the diamond-shaped island at the head of the River Medina ’s estuary, 5 miles (8 km) from its mouth at Cowes . Newport was probably the Roman settlement of Medina, but there is no trace of Saxon or Jute settlement. The first charter was granted between 1177 and 1184, and the borough was incorporated in 1608. Newport early superseded nearby Carisbrooke (now a suburb) as the island’s capital because of its facilities for trade. It remains the island’s agricultural and administrative centre. Parkhurst, a major British maximum-security prison, stands on the outskirts. Pop. (2001) 23,558; (2011) 25,496. Learn More in these related articles: Isle of Wight island, unitary authority, and geographic country, part of the historic county of Hampshire. It lies off the south coast of England, in the English Channel. The island is separated from the mainland by a deep strait known as The Solent. The Isle of Wight is diamond-shaped and extends 22.5 miles (36... Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Isle of Wight, England, United Kingdom Tips for Editing Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Date Published: August 29, 2013 URL: https://www.britannica.com/place/Newport-Isle-of-Wight-England Access Date: January 18, 2017 Share	Sailing Newport RI \| America's Cup History \| 12 Meter Charters History of the America’s Cup Races The America’s Cup – the most famous sailboat race! America’s Race: Competition for the America’s Cup, the oldest and one of the most prestigious sporting trophies in the world, began in England in 1851. The newly founded New York Yacht Club was challenged by the Royal Yacht Squadron, then the most prestigious yacht club in the world, to take part in The Solent Races, sailing races that took place on the body of water between the Isle of Wight and Great Britain. Answering this challenge, the New York Yacht Club assembled a team to cross the Atlantic and race with their contender, the yacht America. The schooner America was designed and built by George Steers in 1850 at the urging of the New York Yacht Club to build a fast sailboat. Of all the races held on The Solent, the Royal Yacht Squadron decided that America was only eligible for the “All Nations Race”, a 74 mile race around the Isle of Wight starting and ending in Cowes. The prize for the winner of this race was the 100 Guineas Cup, an award commemorating Queen Victoria’s Jubilee year. When the starting gun was fired at ten in the morning on August 22, 1851, the America was the last over the starting line. However, in the end the speedy America stunned the British fleet and crossed the finish line 19 minutes ahead of all 15 of her British competitors thus winning the 100 Guineas Cup. The schooner America brought its prize across the Atlantic, and the New York Yacht Club renamed it “The America’s Cup” after the winning boat. The America’s Cup in Newport, Rhode Island: In 1930, J boats raced in the first America’s Cup races that were held in Newport, RI. During this era the races were held at the mouth of Narragansett Bay off Breton Reef in the Atlantic Ocean. From 1930 to 1937, the America’s Cup the course was 30 miles long. In 1958, when the era of the 12 Meters began the course was shortened to just over 24 miles. For over 50 years Newport proved to be a perfect venue for the America’s Cup because of its light and predictable winds and small volume of commercial traffic. The America’s Cup Deed of Gift: On July 8, 1857, the members of the original America race syndicate, the first team to win the America’s Cup, wrote a letter, known as The Deed of Gift, to the secretary of the New York Yacht Club. This letter was written to formalize the rules of future America’s Cup racing. Originally it stated that the America’s Cup would be held as a permanent challenge trophy that would be open to competition from any foreign yacht club. It also stated that the races would be held on the waters of the yacht club in possession of the America’s Cup and all competitors had to sail to the race destination on their own bottoms. In other words, the boats could not be disassembled and shipped to the spot where the America’s Cup races were to occur. Subsequent changes were made to the Deed of Gift changing the racing rules of the America’s Cup. Because of the original rule that stated that all competitors had to sail to the race destination on their own bottoms, America’s Cup racing boats had to be large vessels that were capable of crossing the Atlantic Ocean. It took massive amounts of money to maintain and crew the large cutters of the 1880’s-1920’s and the J Class boats of the 1930’s. After World War II, the vast fortunes needed to finance these huge boats had largely vanished on both sides of the Atlantic. Both the British and the Americans were looking to choose an alternative to the large expensive pre-war yachts of previous America’s Cup races. In 1956 the New York Yacht Club, trustee of the America’s Cup, petitioned the Court of New York State to modify the Deed of Gift. In doing so, they cancelled the clause that obligated America’s Cup challengers to cross the ocean in the boat they intended to race. Enter the era of the 12 Metre Class, smaller, more manageable racers, in America’s Cup racing. The 12 Meters: In 1958, after a twenty-one year halt of America’s Cup competition, ra	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,899	Who was the leader of the British Liberal Party before Jeremy Thorpe?	Jeremy Thorpe New Liberal Leader - British Pathé British Pathé No title - Jeremy Thorpe is new Leader of the Liberal Party. London. M/S pan Jeremy Thorpe arriving at Liberal Party headquarters. C/U portrait of Jo Grimond, pan to press conference notice. L/S crowd of press in room. M/S and C/U Thorpe waving to the pressmen. M/S and C/U press. C/U Thorpe. L/S the press conference. C/U congratulatory telegram. C/U Thorpe reading telegrams, pan to press. C/U Thorpe holding telegrams. Tags	William Ewart Gladstone \| British Statesman William Ewart Gladstone British Prime Minister and Political Reformer William Ewart Gladstone. Kean Collection/Getty Images By Robert McNamara Updated December 31, 2015. William Ewart Gladstone was a dominant and controversial figure in Victorian England and the leading British statesman of the 19th century. He served in the British government from the 1830s to the 1890s, and as Prime Minister of Britain on four occasions he reformed both British government and society. Gladstone is often viewed as the moral and political voice of the Victorian era, yet he was famously disliked by Queen Victoria . One of Gladstone's lifelong obsessions was the "rescuing" of English prostitutes, and his activities in that regard made some question his motivations and even his sanity. Early Life of Gladstone William Ewart Gladstone was born on December 29, 1809 in Liverpool. His family was of Scottish descent, and his father, Sir John Gladstone, became a wealthy merchant in the port city of Liverpool and had investments in slave plantations in the West Indies. After being educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, Gladstone took a trip to Italy and then returned to Britain and was elected to Parliament. continue reading below our video 10 Best Universities in the United States Though he would become the leader of the Liberal Party, he was first elected as a Tory. His first address in Parliament was a defense of slave owners in the West Indies, in which he used his father as an example. Gladstone's Politics Shifted from Conservative to Liberal In the British government Gladstone was at first aligned with Sir Robert Peel, but throughout the 1840s Gladstone’s politics evolved until he began taking positions more in line with the Liberal party. A trip to Naples in the early 1850s, where he witnessed extreme poverty, may have helped drive him away from Tory orthodoxy. In the 1850s Gladstone served as chancellor of the exchequer, the chief financial officer of the British government, and was influential in passing financial reforms, including the abolition of many taxes and tariffs. Leader of the Liberal Party In the late 1850s Gladstone gravitated toward a newly formulated Liberal party and became its leader. Gladstone's party won an overwhelming majority in the elections of 1868, and he became prime minister. He focused on reforms, which were often targeted at reducing the influence of privilege and making British institutions, such as civil service and the military, open to those beyond the privileged classes. Gladstone and the Issue of Irish Home Rule: Gladstone served four terms as prime minister: 1868-1874 1886 1892-94 During his first term as prime minister Gladstone pushed reforms intended to improve the lot of the Irish peasantry. In fact, Gladstone became intensely interested in the "Irish question," and many of his ideas for reform were focused on Britain's administration of Ireland . Gladstone, throughout the late 1800s, often advocated "home rule" for Ireland. While it wasn't a call for outright Irish independence, it was considered by many a radical position. Bitter Rivalry With Benjamin Disraeli The other leading political player in Victorian Britain was Benjamin Disraeli, who, like Gladstone, held a variety of government posts and served as Prime Minister. For decades Gladstone and Disraeli were rivals, and it is known that they detested each other. The two men came from very opposite backgrounds, and while they were both highly intelligent, they often battled on opposite sides of an issue. And they also had different relationships with Queen Victoria, who liked Disraeli and complained bitterly of Gladstone's attitude toward her. Gladstone's Attacks on Disraeli Were Effective Gladstone was opposed to Britain's imperial foreign policy. And in the late 1870s, while out of power, he published a controversial pamphlet attacking the foreign policy of Benjamin Disraeli , who was the current prime minister. The title of the pamphlet, "Bulgarian Horrors and the Questions of the East" seems ut	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,900	'That's Livin' Alright' was the theme song to which TV programme?	auf wiedersehen pet thats living alright - YouTube auf wiedersehen pet thats living alright Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Mar 13, 2008 from first series of auf wiedersehen pet opening titles joe fagins thats living alright Category	The Minder Songs The Minder Songs I Could Be So Good For You - Dennis Waterman & The Dennis Waterman Band (1979) The series itself had its own distinctive theme tune, written by Patricia Waterman and Gerard Kenny. The single "I Could Be So Good For You" / "Nothing At All" (EMI5009) reached number 4 in the UK charts. On 6th November 1980, Dennis also appeared on the British Music show "Top Of The Pops" (with his band) to perform the song. The group also re-appeared on the show a week later. Although Dennis left the series in 1989 the theme song remained for the Ray Daley Years featuring Gary Webster, though only in an upbeat "music only" version, this time only credited to Kenny. I Could Also Be So Good For You Click here to download the later, more upbeat version of I Could Be So Good For You MP3 format - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below. Interestingly, the official sheet music score is also available in pink! The strange choice of colours continues - as well as its release in Great Britain, the song was released in Ireland with this very fetching green EMI sleeve! The first episode of Top Of The Pops featuring Dennis and his band performing this song also features Motorhead performing "Ace Of Spades". What Are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors? - Dennis Waterman & George Cole (1983) In 1983, Dennis Waterman & George Cole collaborated on the "What Are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors?" / "Quids And Quavers" (EMIMIN 101) Christmas single. On both sides of the record, both play the respective roles of their Minder characters, Terry McCann and Arthur Daley. The record reached number 21, and spent a total of 5 weeks on the UK pop chart. The record featured a very catchy chorus line, that included many dialogues heard in the TV series. The pair performed the song on the UK music show "Top Of The Pops" on 22nd December, 1983. Click here to download What Are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors? MP3 (3.4 Mb) - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below If Arthur and Terry were really struggling to find something to get 'Er Indoors, perhaps they could have tried the promotional beer mat that accompanied the release of the single (shown here on the right). The B-Side "Quids and Quavers" sees Terry singing and playing the guitar. He has written a song for his new girlfriend Marjorie, who Arthur is shocked to find out is a police woman. This tracks contains more dialogue between Arthur & Terry, as Arthur discusses the idea of Terry becoming a professional performer! Both songs were written by George Cole and Dennis Waterman. Click here to download the B-side Quids & Quavers MP3 (mono) format (4.5 Mb) - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below Arthur Daley E's Alright - The Firm (1982) 1982 saw the release of a single by THE FIRM entitled "Arthur Daley 'e's alright" (HID 1). This song is based on the series and is made up of its most commonly used expressions. These include "Or'ight my son", "Leave it Out", "Do Wor?", "Asit 'appens"and many others. The picture of Arthur shown above appears on the picture sleeve of the single. A truly classic record for all those who love the Minder dialect. Incidentally, the B side of this record contains an even more amusing posh version! Slightly better than "Star Trekkin", Arthur Daley E's Alright was performed on the UK music show "Top Of The Pops" on 29th July, 1982. Click here to download The Firm Arthur Daley E's Alright MP3 (mono) format. - by clicking this link you are agreeing to the DISCLAIMER below "Arthur Daley, a little dodgy maybe, but underneath..." "You know what Chisolm said? He said I'll know how Arthur Daley will die, he'll fall off the back of a lorry..." Night Moves - F McDonald Big thanks to Minder fan and hip hop/funk fan w0nt0n for this one - listen to it carefully, you'll find it in the Series 1 episode - "The Bounty Hunter" as Terry is going to meet Fenton for one last time. This instrumental is a very Very groovy tune. The song is also featured in an episode of Bergerac from 1981 called "Unlucky Dip", tha	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,901	What stadium nicknamed 'The House That Ruth Built' closed in November 2008?	Yankee Stadium™ \| The Thomas Kinkade Company Yankee Stadium™ Art Notes In 2008, Yankee Stadium™, the greatest cathedral to the game of baseball, has closed its doors forever. I could not let such a historic moment pass without honoring it in my way. This is the original Yankee Stadium™ – the house that Ruth built. Because this is a distant view, you can people the field with Yankee heroes of your choosing. Could that be Lou Gehrig on first base? Babe Ruth in right field? Joe DiMaggio patrolling center? For eighty-five years, some of the greatest players in the game have called Yankee Stadium™ home. Title: Yankee Stadium™	Index-a This Week's Puzzles So You Think You Know Soccer A soccer goal is what dimensions, yards wide and feet high: 8x7; 7x8; 8x8 or 9x8? According to FIFA World Cup rules which flag must be displayed inside each match stadium besides those of FIFA/Fair Play, and the two competing nations? Approximately how many million people play regular organized football in the world (at the early 2000s): 5; 25; 65; or 250? The word soccer derives from: Sock; Association; Kosher; or Socrates? What is not required by the rules of soccer: Goal net; Penalty spot; Specified ball pressure; or Shin guards? The 2014 World Cup Finals allocated European and African teams respectively how many places: 3 and 9; 4 and 10; 5 and 13; or 6 and 15? What city/club football rules, which spread widely in the late 1800s, introduced heading, corners, throw-ins, changing ends, and the goal crossbar: Sheffield; Paris; Milan; or Berlin? FIFA's 2014 World Cup Finals/Qualifying rules dictate a match squad of how many players: 18; 23; 26; or 30? In the 2010 World Cup Final, Jo'bulani was the: Winner's national anthem; Winning goalscorer; Ball; or Trumpet-like horn blown by fans? The minimum rest-period between two games for any team at the 2014 World Cup is how many hours: 24; 36; 48; or 72? Soccer rules award what after an 'own goal' directly from a throw-in: Goal; Penalty; Corner; or Drop-ball? The headquarters of FIFA are in Brussels; London; Zurich, or Oslo? Who has made the World Cup footballs since 1970: Adidas; Puma; Umbro; or Nike? The World Cup Qualifiying matches between El Salvador v Honduras in 1969 coincided with what mutual event: Independence; Earthquake; Drought; or War? The first ever ï¿½100,000 (or above) football transfer, in 1961, was: Bobby Moore; Pele; Dennis Law; or Eusebio? A white ball was first used in a World Cup in: 1930; 1950; 1966; or 1982? The centre circle of a soccer pitch is used only at kick-offs/re-starts, and in which other game feature? Matthias Sammer, Ronaldo, Zinedine Zidane, Rivaldo, and Luis Figo won what between 1990-2002: European Cup; World Cup; Golden Boot; or European Footballer of the Year? The first, second and third placed teams at the 2014 World Cup receive how many medals: 20; 30; 40 or 50? Soccer has been an Olympic event since: 1900; 1964; 1992; or 2002? PAGE 6	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,902	According to the proverb, which animal always returns to its own vomit?	2 PETER 2:22 KJV "But it is happened unto them according to the true proverb, The dog [is] turned to his own vomit again;..." - King James Version (1611) - View 1611 Bible Scan It has happened to them according to the true proverb, "A DOG RETURNS TO ITS OWN VOMIT, and, "A sow, after washing, {returns} to wallowing in the mire."" - New American Standard Version (1995) It has happened unto them according to the true proverb, The dog turning to his own vomit again, and the sow that had washed to wallowing in the mire. - American Standard Version (1901) They are an example of that true saying, The dog has gone back to the food it had put out, and the pig which had been washed to its rolling in the dirty earth. - Basic English Bible But that [word] of the true proverb has happened to them: [The] dog [has] turned back to his own vomit; and, [The] washed sow to [her] rolling in mud. - Darby Bible But it hath happened to them according to the true proverb, The dog is turned to his own vomit again; and, The sow that was washed, to her wallowing in the mire. - Webster's Bible Their case is that described in the true proverb, "A dog returns to what he has vomited," and also in the other proverb, "The sow has washed itself and now goes back to roll in its filth." - Weymouth Bible But it has happened to them according to the true proverb, "The dog turns to his own vomit again," and "the sow that has washed to wallowing in the mire." - World English Bible For thilke very prouerb bifelde to hem, The hound turnede ayen to his castyng, and a sowe is waischun in walwyng in fenne. - Wycliffe Bible and happened to them hath that of the true similitude; `A dog did turn back upon his own vomit,' and, `A sow having bathed herself -- to rolling in mire.' - Youngs Literal Bible	English proverbs - Wikiquote English proverbs Every man thinks his own geese swans . First deserve, then desire . Proverbs are popularly defined as "short expressions of popular wisdom". Efforts to improve on the popular definition have not led to a more precise definition. The wisdom is in the form of a general observation about the world or a bit of advice, sometimes more nearly an attitude toward a situation. See also English proverbs (alphabetically by proverb) Contents Absent[ edit ] Absence makes the heart grow fonder. Mieder, Wolfgang; Kingsbury, Stewart A.; Harder, Kelsie B. (1992). A Dictionary of American Proverbs . Oxford University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-19-505399-9 . Long absent, soon forgotten. Actions speak louder than words. "Who cannot give good counsel? 'tis cheap, it cost them nothing." Robert Burton, Anatomy of Melancholy (1793) He who does not advance goes backwards. Strauss, Emanuel (1994). "495" . Concise Dictionary of European Proverbs. II. Routledge. p. 445. ISBN 978-1-136-78978-6 . Advice [ edit ] Advice most needed is least heeded. Mieder, Wolfgang; Kingsbury, Stewart A.; Harder, Kelsie B. (1992). A Dictionary of American Proverbs . Oxford University Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-19-505399-9 . Anchor[ edit ] Good riding at two anchors, men have told, for if the one fails, the other may hold. (Strauss, 1994 p. 879) One rotten apple will spoil the whole barrel. or One scabbed sheep mars the whole flock. "Evil spreads. One attractive bad example may be readily followed by others, eventually ruining a whole community." Source for meaning: Paczolay, Gyula (1997). "X" . European proverbs: in 55 languages, with equivalents in Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit, Chinese and Japanese. Veszprémi Nyomda. p. 292. ISBN 1-875943-44-7 . Cf. Dan Michael of Northgate, Ayenbite of Inwyt (1340): "A rotten apple will spoil a great many sound ones." (Middle English: "A roted eppel amang þe holen: makeþ rotie þe yzounde."). An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Cf. Notes and Queries magazine, Feb. 24, 1866, p. 153: "Eat an apple on going to bed, // And you'll keep the doctor from earning his bread." [1] . Adapted to its current form in the 1900s as a marketing slogan used by American growers concerned that the temperance movement would cut into sales of apple cider. (Pollan, 2001 p.22) A rotten apple injures its companions. "This Proverb is apply'd to such Persons who being vicious themselves, labour to debauch those with whom they converse." - Divers Proverbs, Nathan Bailey, 1721 [2] An apple a day keeps the doctor away--if you have good aim. A humorous version of the nutritional exortation to maintain good health by eating fruit. Original source unknown. English equivalent: The best art conceals art. "Artistic excellence lies in making something that is subtle or intricate appear simple and streamlined." Source for meaning: Martin H. Manser (2007). The Facts on File Dictionary of Proverbs . Infobase Publishing. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-8160-6673-5 . Retrieved on 20 June 2013. Don't make clothes for a not yet born baby. (Strauss 1994, p. 683) "One never rises so high as when one does not know where one is going." Oliver Cromwell to M. Bellièvre. Found in Memoirs of Cardinal de Retz Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater. "Do not take the drastic step of abolishing or discarding something in its entirety when only part of it is unacceptable." Source for meaning: Martin H. Manser (2007). The Facts on File Dictionary of Proverbs . Infobase Publishing. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-8160-6673-5 . Retrieved on 25 August 2013. Brown, James Kyle (2001). I Give God a Chance: Christian Spirituality from the Edgar Cayce Readings. Jim Brown. p. 8. ISBN 0759621705 . Bad is the best choice. "Don't avoid the clichés - they are clichés because they work!" George Lucas to Marty Sklar , quoted in "The Imagineering Way: Ideas to Ignite your Creativity" (Disney Editions, 2003) Mawr, E.B. (1885). Analogous Proverbs in Ten Languages . p. 17. A bad settlement is better than a good lawsuit . Filipp, M. R. (2005). Covenants Not to Compete, Aspen. Go	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,903	The state of Malta consists of several islands - which is second in size to Malta itself?	Where is Malta located on the map of Europe? You are here: Home » About Malta » Where is Malta located? Malta Where is Malta located on the map? Heard about Malta somewhere and looking for its location on the world map? You’ve come to the right place! Where is Malta located? The island of Malta is a small independent nation state in the centre of the Mediterranean in Europe and is the EU’s smallest member state. Looking at the map of Europe, Malta lies just 93 km (58 miles) South of Sicily (Italy) in Southern Europe and roughly 300 km (186 miles) North from the North African coast. Malta is an island nation that consists of three islands: main island Malta , Gozo and Comino . The country’s official languages are Maltese and English. Malta’s capital city is Valletta, which is centrally located on the island’s North coast and has the island’s largest harbour. The main island of Malta is the largest and most developed island. Its sister island of Gozo is idyllic and peaceful and mostly rural, offering breathtaking views and great opportunities for outdoor activities, such has hiking, biking and rock climbing. Comino is the smallest island of the three and is inhabited by only a few people. The island hosts a hotel renowned for its hospitality and facilities to spend relaxing holidays in Malta and is the location for one of Malta’s most beautiful bays: the Blue Lagoon. How big is Malta? The size of Malta’s population is roughly 400,000 whilst its geographical size is limited to around 316 square kilometres and as a result, Malta ranks highly on the list of most densely populated countries in the world. The leading religion in Malta is Roman Catholicism, followed by the vast majority of the population. Travelling to Malta? Get FREE travel tips!	Valletta - The Complete Guide to Malta's Capital City Quick facts – Valletta in a nutshell Population: 6,444 (2014 census) Malta’s capital (since 1571), and the smallest capital city in the EU (at just 0.55 sq km) Flanked by two natural harbours: Marsamxett and Grand Harbour Also called il-Belt (‘The City’) by the locals Commercial centre and place of work for thousands of Maltese working in government, finance and tourism. Parliament and a number of ministries reside within the city. Valletta was strategically built like a fort with bastion walls surrounding its perimeters by the Knights of Malta (Knights of the Order of St. John) Named after Grandmaster Jean Parisot de Valette, who founded the city in 1566. Rich in Baroque architecture, some buildings date back to the 16th century High concentration of historical sites More info NEW: Valletta travel guide! Get the most out of your visit to Malta's capital city with this 159-page Valletta travel guide packed with my best tips on: Detailed information on the top points of interest Walking routes and itineraries for up to three days of exploration 1-Day itinerary with "must sees" for short visits (perfect for cruise passengers!) Best places to eat and drink (including vegetarian and vegan options) Where and when best to stay in Valletta ...and more! Get your copy and get ready to explore! €9.99 Buy now History Besides being one of the smallest capitals in Europe, it’s also one of the youngest, having been founded a little over 450 years ago. The city was built by the Knights of the Order of St. John (also known as the Knights of Malta or the Knights Hospitaller), on a peninsula with large natural harbours on both of its flanks. Having survived The Great Siege by successfully warding off an attempt by the Ottoman Empire to invade the Maltese islands, the Knights strategically chose Valletta’s location for its highly defensible position. With funding from the Vatican, amongst other benefactors, the Knights built Valletta to fortify Malta as a stronghold for Roman Catholicism. Despite its small size, Malta had a significant military advantage due to its location and was the perfect location for the Knights to accommodate the sick and injured, which was (and still is!) their core mission (as opposed to being a military order as such). Even if you’re not into history much, if you really want to understand Valletta at its core, it pays to read up on the city’s history. Why and how was Valletta built? Who were the people that built Valletta? How is it that there’s so much to see in terms of history and culture? How to get to Malta’s capital city In a nutshell: All roads lead to Valletta, which means major road signs can be found all across Malta and finding your way there by car is easy. It also means that most bus routes start and terminate at the capital’s bus terminus that sits right outside the city’s walls. You can get pretty much anywhere on foot, considering the city’s small size and relatively little traffic (and pedestrianised centre). Alternatives are electric city cabs and (although not very practical) a few bus routes pass through a few of the main streets of the city. When it comes to accommodation in Valletta, these are the basic options: Traditional hotels – There are only a few, mostly high-end in and around Valletta Boutique hotels – Beautifully decorated classical buildings in the heart of the city Apartments rented out through sites like Airbnb.com , directly from owner. If you’re travelling on a budget it might be a challenge to find suitable accommodation, especially during the high season (June – September). If budget isn’t as big of an issue there’s good choice for unique, comfortable accommodation. Quick suggestions for hotels Hotels level 1 – High end Just outside the city (technically located in the neighbouring town of Floriana), Hotel Grand Excelsior and Hotel Phoenicia are two good options if your budget allows it. Inside the city’s walls, Casa Ellul has an excellent reputation (and a price tag to match) Hotels level 2 – Affordable ( < €100/night) Th	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,904	Who plays John Watson in the TV drama ‘Sherlock’?	Sherlock (TV Series 2010– ) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error on Amazon Video ON DISC A modern update finds the famous sleuth and his doctor partner solving crime in 21st century London. Creators: Jim Moriarty hatches a mad scheme to turn the whole city against Sherlock. 9.7 Sherlock must confiscate something of importance from a mysterious woman named Irene Adler. 9.6 Sherlock faces one of the most chilling enemies of his long career: the powerful and seemingly unassailable Culverton Smith - a man with a very dark secret indeed. 9.5 a list of 33 titles created 14 Sep 2013 a list of 27 titles created 06 Feb 2014 a list of 43 titles created 28 May 2014 a list of 40 titles created 29 Jun 2014 a list of 34 titles created 2 months ago Search for " Sherlock " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 1 Golden Globe. Another 78 wins & 125 nominations. See more awards » Videos Game of Thrones (TV Series 2011) Adventure \| Drama \| Fantasy Nine noble families fight for control over the mythical lands of Westeros. Meanwhile, a forgotten race hell-bent on destruction returns after being dormant for thousands of years. Stars: Emilia Clarke, Peter Dinklage, Kit Harington A high school chemistry teacher diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer turns to manufacturing and selling methamphetamine in order to secure his family's future. Stars: Bryan Cranston, Aaron Paul, Anna Gunn House of Cards (TV Series 2013) Drama A Congressman works with his equally conniving wife to exact revenge on the people who betrayed him. Stars: Kevin Spacey, Michel Gill, Robin Wright Matt Murdock, with his other senses superhumanly enhanced, fights crime as a blind lawyer by day, and vigilante by night. Stars: Charlie Cox, Vincent D'Onofrio, Deborah Ann Woll The Walking Dead (TV Series 2010) Drama \| Horror \| Thriller Sheriff Deputy Rick Grimes leads a group of survivors in a world overrun by the walking dead. Fighting the dead, fearing the living. Stars: Andrew Lincoln, Norman Reedus, Melissa McBride A woman who moves into an apartment across the hall from two brilliant but socially awkward physicists shows them how little they know about life outside of the laboratory. Stars: Johnny Galecki, Jim Parsons, Kaley Cuoco Stranger Things (TV Series 2016) Drama \| Fantasy \| Horror When a young boy disappears, his mother, a police chief, and his friends must confront terrifying forces in order to get him back. Stars: Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard True Detective (TV Series 2014) Crime \| Drama \| Mystery An anthology series in which police investigations unearth the personal and professional secrets of those involved, both within and outside the law. Stars: Vince Vaughn, Colin Farrell, Rachel McAdams Follows the personal and professional lives of six 20 to 30-something-year-old friends living in Manhattan. Stars: Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow Dexter Morgan is a Forensics Expert, a loyal brother, boyfriend, and friend. That's what he seems to be, but that's not what he really is. Dexter Morgan is a Serial Killer that hunts the bad. Stars: Michael C. Hall, Jennifer Carpenter, David Zayas Mr. Robot (TV Series 2015) Crime \| Drama \| Thriller Follows Elliot, a young programmer working as a cyber-security engineer by day, and a vigilante hacker by night. Stars: Rami Malek, Christian Slater, Portia Doubleday Various chronicles of deception, intrigue and murder in and around frozen Minnesota. Yet all of these tales mysteriously lead back one way or another to Fargo, ND. Stars: Billy Bob Thornton, Martin Freeman, Allison Tolman Edit Storyline In this modernized version of the Conan Doyle characters, using his detective plots, Sherlock Holmes lives in early 21st century London and acts	Sherlock Holmes: Facts About the Fictional Detective \| Primary Facts Sherlock Holmes: Facts About the Fictional Detective Posted on by James • 2 Comments Here are some facts about Sherlock Holmes. Sherlock Holmes was a popular fictional detective who featured in books by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . He has become by far the best known literary detective ever created. Holmes appeared in 4 long stories and 56 short stories written by Doyle. Doyle became tired of his creation, killing him off in 1893, but then bringing him back to life due to public complaints. Sherlock Holmes was probably based on a real person, a forensic science lecturer named Joseph Bell. The Holmes books themselves influenced the development of forensic science. Holmes has also been portrayed in dozens of films, and is the character most often portrayed in films. He has been portrayed by Basil Rathbone, Peter Cushing and Jeremy Brett. In the books, Holmes lived at 221B Baker Street in London , along with his assistant Dr. Watson. At that address today is a Sherlock Holmes museum where letters are received daily asking for Holmes’ help. The first Sherlock Holmes long story was A Study in Scarlet, published in 1887. The first short story was A Scandal in Bohemia, published in The Strand magazine in 1891. Sherlock Holmes is a master of disguise, an expert boxer and swordsman and he can play the violin . However, he has no knowledge of politics, literature or astronomy. Holmes does not wear a deerstalker hat in the stories, despite many illustrations showing this. Neither does he say his most famous phrase of “Elementary, my dear Watson” in the books. In Sherlock, a British TV series, Sherlock Holmes (played by Benedict Cumberbatch) and Dr Watson (played by Martin Freeman) solve crimes in present-day London. The dates of Holmes’ birth and date are never clear in the original books. Holmes retired to the Sussex coast to keep bees and to write a book about bee keeping. There are statues of Sherlock Holmes in both Edinburgh and London. London also has a Sherlock Holmes hotel and pub, as well as streets named after Holmes and Watson.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,905	"The musical term ""scherzo"" takes its name from the Italian word for what?"	Opera Terms Pronunciation Guide Pronunciation Guide: Opera Terms apron - the forward part of the stage between the curtain and the orchestra pit aria - a song for solo voice with instrumental accompaniment. Arias appear in cantatas, oratorios, and operas beginning in the 17trh century. Usually they emphasize musical expression more than the text. The text is often reflective, rather than descriptive of action. Arias are usually not strophic and they provide lyric interludes that temporarily pull the listener away from the action of the story. ballad opera - a form of 18th century English operatic entertainment that consisted of spoken dialogue and musical numbers from popular music sources such as ballads, folk songs, and songs from other plays. The first example was The Beggar's Opera (1728) by John Gay, with music arranged by J. Pepusch. It was a satire of the Italian opera seria popular in London at the time. baritone - a male voice with a range between that of the low bass voice and the high tenor. The usual span is between G and e'. Baritone parts may require either expressive, lyricial singing or they may be more heroic, as in the title role of Verdi's Rigoletto. baroque - the period in music history that spans from approximately 1600 to 1750. This period saw the birth of opera through the efforts of the Florentine Camerata and the works of Monteverdi.The best known late baroque operas are those of G.F. Handel. bass - the lowest male voice, frequently subdivided in several categories (see following entries). The range is between E and c'. This example is Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov. basso buffo - a category of bass voice that specializes in comic roles, frequently seen in the operas of Mozart and Rossini. Dr. Bartolo in Rossini's The Barber of Seville is a famous example. basso cantante - a type of bass voice that demonstrates a melodic, singing quality rather than a comic or tragic one. An example is King Philip in Verdi's Don Carlos. basso profundo - the most serious of the bass voices. Sarastro in Mozart's The Magic Flute is an example. bel canto - "beautiful song," the traditional art of Italian singing which emphasizes elegant phrasing, beautiful tone and brilliant technique; bel canto flourished in the early to mid-19th century, in the works of Rossini, Bellini and Donizetti. blocking - the moving of people around the stage by the stage director to set up the patterns that will be followed during the performance of the opera cabaletta - a brisk aria in Italian opera, generally following a more solemn, thoughtful one; the cabaletta frequently refers to a contradictory or complimentary state of mind, and may even lead towards impassioned action from the character on stage. The term itself comes from the Italian"cavallo" which means horse: the accompaniment of the cabaletta frequently resembles the animal's galloping gait. cadenza - a musical flourish, frequently made upon the spot by the performer, which occurs when an aria or a section of an aria seems to be coming to its close (its cadence spot); until the time of Verdi, cadenzas were expected to be improvised by the singer or the performer and were seldom notated precisely by the composer. The long passage between soprano and flute in the mad scene of Lucia di Lammermoor is an improvised double cadenza for those performers. Camerata - a gathering of writers and musician who, in the late 16th century, regularly met to discuss art and experiment with form. In the years prior to 1580, the gathering assembled at the residence of Giovanni de Bardi, and after 1592, at the home of Jacopo Corsi. Vincenzo Galileo, the astronomer's father, was among them. Their deliberations led directly to the rise of opera as a combination of music, drama and stage spectacle. Jacopo Peri, a musician at the Medici court and a member of t	ROSSINI: Cenerentola (La) (Cinderella) Gioachino Rossini (1792-1868) La Cenerentola On 29th February 1816 Rossini signed a contract with the Teatro Valle which obliged him from October of the same year to be in Rome and there to provide the music for a new libretto, the work to have its première on 26th December. Rossini was first able to come to Rome in the middle of December, as the première of Otello had been postponed. At the same time the choice fell on the fairy story of Cinderella, for which Jacopo Ferretti’s libretto, based on Charles-Guillaume Etienne’s Cendrillon, provided the foundation. Within a few days Rossini composed one of his finest operas, taking the overture from La gazzetta (Naples 1816) and part of the final aria Nacqui all’affanno from the aria Cessa di più resistere written for the opera Il barbiere di Siviglia (1816). The leading performers at the première were Geltrude Righetti Giorgi as Cenerentola, Giacomo Guglielmi as Don Ramiro, Andrea Verni as Don Magnifico, and Giuseppe De Begnis as Dandini. The bass at his disposal for the rôle of Alidoro did not meet Rossini’s demands, and he therefore let his collaborator Luca Agolini have the aria Vasto teatro è il mondo. At the new performance in 1820 this aria was replaced by Rossini’s Là del ciel nel’arcano profondo, since he could now count on the eminent singer Gioachino Moncada as Alidoro; this aria is also sung here in the present version. In addition to Vasto teatro è il mondo Agolini also wrote the recitative of the chorus at the beginning of the second act, as well as Clorinda’s aria Sventurata! Me credea, which we have omitted. La Cenerentola: Interplay of Intelligence and Fantasy We do not know why Gioachino Rossini was tempted to tackle the most classical, most popular of fairy stories, Cinderella. From a composer who normally shunned realistic actions and rhetorical sentiment in his search for an ideal beauty, suspended somewhere outside the banality of everyday existence, we might have expected a poetic reading of the story, interwoven with abstract fantasies and enlivened by the play of imagination. What could have been more appropriate, therefore, than a story about fairies, elves, Prince Charmings and angelic creatures, struggling with the forces of evil in pursuit of the ultimate triumph of good? Here at last was a subject that would free the composer from the need to explore psychological interpretations, something that was foreign to his nature, and avoided the dangers associated with situations that were ill suited to the aristocratic reserve of his muse. Instead, when Rossini received the libretto by Jacopo Ferretti based on Etienne’s Cendrillon, he took the opposite course. He replaces the fairy godmother of the story with a knowing and wise tutor; he transforms the tender protagonist into a victim bullied by two stupid half-sisters and a wicked, arrogant father; he changes the routine figure of the tenor lover into a lover capable of real passion and outbursts of generosity; he complicates the simplicity of the story by introducing a character, Dandini, who instead of limiting himself to the old device of disguises, ventures into meta-theatrical situations, delving into the labyrinth of the subconscious. This preference for a realistic interpretation of the fairy tale, spurning the opportunity to undulge his propensity for the abstract, is yet again evidence of Rossini’s intelligence, something which never ceases to surprise. Rossini realised that, with his kind of limpid, sun-lit music, from which the subtle contrasts of chiaroscuro are absent, it would be difficult to project in an imaginary world of fantasy the evanescent figures of the fairy story. So he uses day-to-day actions and real characters in order to achieve the miracle of transforming the topoi of the buffo genre into the absolutes of poetry. It is not by accident that in L’italiana in Algeri the climax of an entertainment of elegant refinement is reached in the comic ceremonies of the Pappataci. To this intuitive instinct Rossini here adds the calculated disorder	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,906	On the death of Horatio Nelson, who assumed command at the 'Battle of Trafalgar'?	THE BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR AND DEATH OF ADMIRAL HORATIO NELSON \| The Mitchell Archives - Original Historic Newspapers THE BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR AND DEATH OF ADMIRAL HORATIO NELSON TRAFALGAR – A DECISIVE VICTORY FOR ENGLAND, BUT ALSO A GREAT LOSS (NELSON) COMPLETE EYEWITNESS DETAILS OF THE BLOODY BATTLE The London Gazette, EXTRAORDINARY November 6, 1805 We are truly proud to present first report of Admiral Collingwood’s (Nelson’s second in command) official account of the most famous English Naval battle since the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1688. The admiral describes the triumph over the combined French and Spanish Fleet, lists the dead and wounded, and laments the death of Britain’s naval hero, Lord Horatio Nelson, who was mortally wounded while pacing the deck of his powerful flagship Victory. The long report reads, in small part: “Euryalus, off Cape Trafalgar, October 22, 1805, SIR, The ever to be lamented Death of Vice-Admiral Lord Viscount Nelson, who, in the late Conflict with the Enemy, fell in the Hour of Victory, leave to me the Duty of Informing my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty…”, followed by an in-depth account of the events leading to the battle, and the historic sea-fight itself. Collingwood continues: “…The Action began at Twelve o’clock, by the leading Ships of the Columns breaking through the Enemy’s line…the Conflict was severe; the Enemy’s Ships were fought with a Gallantry highly honorable to their Officers, but the Attack on them was irresistible, and it pleased the Almighty Disposer of all Events, to grant His Majesty’s Arms a complete and Glorious Victory…Such a Battle could not be fought without sustaining a great Loss of Men, I have not only to lament, in common with the British Navy, and the British Nation, on the Fall of the Commander in Chief, the Loss of a Hero, whose Name will be immortal, and his name ever dear to his Country.” Nelson invoked several new tactics that broke the enemy’s line of warships and created chaos–many of the French and Spanish ships never got into the battle! In London, Trafalgar Square commemorated the legendary victory, and features a large statue of Horatio Nelson. In addition, his flagship “Victory” is berthed in Portsmouth where I had the honor to be piped aboard in my Naval uniform in 1987, and was allowed to examine Nelson’s cabin–quite a thrill for me. Four pages, last page blank, partial auburn tax stamp on page two, excellent condition throughout. All other newspapers obtained their reports on the event from this printing. One of the rarest and most sought after of English newspapers. $9500	Pirates and Privateers - Sir Francis Drake Sources · Blackbeard · Drake · Gráinne O'Malley · Captain Kidd Sir Francis Drake, navigator and privateer, is one of the greatest English sea-captains of all time. Revered as a hero in the fight against the Armada and despised as an upstart by the old nobility, Drake epitomizes the self-made Elizabethan privateer, rapacious in the hunt for treasure (especially Spanish treasure) but daring and visionary in exploration. Drake and his crew are remembered as the first Englishmen to circumnavigate the globe, claiming a portion of California for Elizabeth along the way. His attack on Cadiz and his devastating raids on the Spanish Main earned him the fear and the grudging respect of the Spaniards, who call him El Draque, "The Dragon". Drake's exploits are the distant inspiration for the adventures of Captain Geoffrey Thorpe (Errol Flynn) in Michael Curtiz's film The Sea-Hawk, which has nothing but the title in common with the Rafael Sabatini novel of the same name. Nova Albion June 17, 1579 In 38 deg.30 min. We fell in with a fit and convenient harbor and June 17, came to anchor there, where we stayed till the 23 July. During all which time, not withstanding it was the height of summer, we were continually visited with nipping cold, neither could we at any time within a fourteen day period find the air so clear as to be able to take height the sun or stars. [from The World Encompassed] "Nova Albion" was the name Drake gave to the land he claimed for Elizabeth I on the western coast of North America. In some parts of the Pacific Northwest, the argument over where exactly Drake landed dwarfs the argument over who wrote Shakespeare's plays. Much of the evidence is based on an inset on Jodocus Hondius's map of Drake's circumnavigation (c. 1596), showing a bay or inlet labeled "Portus Novae Albionis" - Drake's harbor. The Drake Exploration Society publishes The Drake Broadside , which takes the traditional view and concludes "The Drake Navigators Guild have proved beyond question that Drake sojourned at Drakes Bay [Marin, California] and Estero ... Sir David and Michael Turner have visited the area and are convinced that the Guild have correctly documented Drake�s movements in California. History is visited by those who wish to make a name for themselves by re-inventing characters, events and places. Unfortunately this has hindered the universal acceptance of the Guild�s work which began nearly forty years ago." Here are some of the dissenting views:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,907	In which year of the 1930’s did Fred Perry first win the Wimbledon men’s singles title?	History - 1930s - The Championships, Wimbledon 2017 - Official Site by IBM READ MORE 1931: Sidney Wood The 1931 Men’s Championship final has a sad place in Wimbledon’s distinguished history in being the only one never to have taken place. In what was to have been an all-American affair between Davis Cup team-mates and good friends Sidney Wood and Frank Shields, the 19-year-old Wood was handed the trophy without having to swing a racket when Shields was forced to withdraw from what should have been his great day after damaging a knee in his semi-final victory over Jean Borotra. Wood had made his Wimbledon debut as a 15-year-old in 1927, gathering a mere five games in losing his first-round match against Rene Lacoste and 1931 was his first Wimbledon since that miserable occasion. Seeded seventh, he dropped only two sets in reaching the semi-finals, where he saw off the challenge of a bright English 22-year-old called Fred Perry in four sets. It was to be, in effect, the match which won him the title. 1933: Jack Crawford v Ellsworth Vines Having won the 1932 Wimbledon men’s crown on debut at 21, the tall Californian Ellsworth Vines was a hot favourite to repeat that success at the 1933 Championships. With his centre-parted hair, long-sleeved shirts buttoned at the wrists and old-fashioned square-headed racket, his opponent in the final, Jack Crawford, was a throwback to the more leisurely, elegant days of tennis, but there was nothing old-fashioned about his game, or his tactics. Battered by the Vines serve, which produced 11 winning games to love, Crawford clung on grimly. The Australian edged through in the second 11-9 and won the third easily, only to drop the fourth. In the fifth set, Crawford abandoned his defensive tactics, began rushing the net and won the title 4-6, 11-9, 6-2, 2-6, 6-4 by breaking the Vines serve to love. It has deservedly taken its place as one of the finest ever Wimbledon finals, and proved a popular victory for the first Australian champion since Gerald Patterson 11 years earlier. 1935: Helen Wills Moody v Jacobs The dazzling 1920s achievements of Suzanne Lenglen at Wimbledon were soon matched, and then exceeded, by Helen Wills Moody, a Californian the media nicknamed “Miss Poker Face”, whose eight Wimbledon singles titles remained a women’s record until Martina Navratilova hove into sight in the 1990s. It was the misfortune of another Californian, Helen Jacobs, to have a career which ran parallel to the world’s greatest. Jacobs was the victim in four of Wills Moody’s last five Wimbledon finals, but none could have been more disappointing than the 1935 final. Wills Moody was short of practice and seeded only fourth when she arrived in search of her seventh Wimbledon. Having dropped the second set Wills Moody was rattled and went match point down at 2-5 in the deciding set, saving it when Jacobs netted a wind-affected smash. Inevitably from there, Wills Moody surged home 6-3, 3-6, 7-5. The following year provided consolation of sorts for Jacobs. With Wills Moody absent, she won her only Wimbledon. 1936: Fred Perry’s third title Fred Perry’s achievement in winning Wimbledon in three successive years still shines beacon-bright. When he pulled off the first hat-trick of titles it marked a quarter of a century since Britain’s previous men’s winner, Arthur Gore in 1909 (the year Fred was born), and since then 75 years have passed without a British men’s champion. The fact all three of Perry’s victories were achieved in straight sets was testimony to a fitness regime, which included training with the Arsenal football team, and the first was possibly the most impressive when in the 1934 final he overcame the defending champion Jack Crawford 6-3, 6-0, 7-5. Gottfried von Cramm, the first German to reach a Wimbledon men’s final, was Perry’s 6-2, 6-4, 6-4 victim in the 1935 final, but there was concern when von Cramm defeated Perry in the 1936 French Open final. Aided by the knowledge that the German was carrying a leg injury, though, Perry swept home 6-1, 6-1, 6-0. And after winning the US title two months	1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? 3. If Alpha is 1, and Beta is 2, what is 6? 4. If Tony Blackburn won in 2002, Phil Tuffnell won in 2003, and Kerry Katona won in 2004, who won in 2007? 5. If David Lloyd George is 1, Andrew Bonal Law is 2, and Stanley Baldwin is 3, who is 4? 6. If Liverpool won in 2006, and Chelsea won in 2007, who won in 2008? 7. How many pints does a 10- gallon hat hold? 8. Who was murdered by Fitzurse, de Tracy, de Morville and Le Breton? 9. Who presents Location, Location, Location with Phil Spencer? 10. From what ancient activity does the word ‘crestfallen’ come? 11. What non-mechanical sport achieves the highest speeds? 12. What major city is on an island in the St Lawrence river? 13. Who succeeded Alf Ramsey to become caretaker manger for the English national football team in 1974? 14. What did Britain’s roads first acquire in 1914? 15. Which former Liverpool player held the record for the fastest hat-trick, scoring 3 goals in less than 5 minutes? 16. Myleen Klass (pictured) now presents 10 Years Younger on Channel 4, but what was the name of the pop band that gave her success in 2001? 17. Who was the presenter of Out Of Town in the 1960s who went on to appear on the children’s TV programme How? 18. Whose autobiography is called Dear Fatty? 19. Who were Tom and Barbara’s neighbours in The Good Life? 20. In Cockney rhyming slang what are your ‘Daisy Roots’? 21. What is the surname of the twin brothers who compiled the Guinness Book of Records together between 1955 and 1975? 22. Which actor played Columbo? 23. Does the Bactrian camel have one hump, or two? 24. Where is the world's largest four-faced chiming clock? 25. Concerned about the impact of uncontrolled development and industrialisation, what National Charity was founded in 1895 by three Victorian philanthropists, Miss Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley? 26. What famous make of motorcycle was Lawrence of Arabia riding when he was tragically killed in Dorset in 1936? 27. What colour of flag should a ship fly to show it is in quarantine? 28. Purple Brittlegill, Velvet Shank and Orange Milkcap are three types of what? 29. What is the name of the flats where the Trotters lived in Only Fools And Horses? 30. In computing, what does the abbreviation USB stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Saturn; 2. Tom Baker (Doctor Who actors); 3. Zeta; 4. Christopher Biggins. (I’m a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here. Joe Pasquale 04, Carol Thatcher 05, Matt Willis 06, and Joe Swash 08); 5. Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Ministers post WW1); 6. Portsmouth (FA Cup); 7. 6; 8. Thomas Becket; 9. Kirstie Allsopp; 10. Cockfighting; 11. Sky-diving; 12. Montreal; 13. Joe Mercer; 14. White Lines; 15. Robbie Fowler; 16. Hearsay; 17. Jack Hargreaves; 18. Dawn French; 19. Margo and Jerry Leadbetter; 20. Boots; 21. McWhirter (Ross and Norris); 22. Peter Falk; 23. Two; 24. The Clock Tower on the Palace of Westminster in London (Big Ben is the nickname for the bell); 25. The National Trust; 26. Brough Superior; 27. Yellow; 28. Fungi; 29. Nelson Mandela House; 30. Universal Serial Bus Like us on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,908	Which Catholic missionary and Nobel laureate died in 1997?	Mother Teresa - Facts Mother Teresa The Nobel Peace Prize 1979 Mother Teresa Born: 26 August 1910, Uskup (now Skopje), Ottoman Empire (now Republic of Macedonia) Died: 5 September 1997, Calcutta, India Residence at the time of the award: India Role: Leader of Missionaries of Charity, Calcutta Field: humanitarian work Prize share: 1/1 Saint in the Gutter - and Saint in Heaven? At the age of twelve, the Catholic Albanian girl Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu heard a call. God demanded that she devote her life to Him. She entered a nunnery, received an education, and was sent to Calcutta in India to be a teacher. Her new name was Teresa. In India she received a second call from God: to help the poor while living among them. She founded a new sisterhood, Missionaries of Charity. Mother Teresa and her helpers built homes for orphans, nursing homes for lepers and hospices for the terminally ill in Calcutta. Mother Teresa's organization also engaged in aid work in other parts of the world. The modest nun became known all over the world, and money poured in. But she was also criticized. It was alleged that dying people in the hospices were refused pain relief, whereas Mother Teresa herself accepted hospital treatment. She also held a conservative view on abortion. She was regarded as a spokesperson for the Vatican. In 2003, the Pope took the first step towards her canonization. Copyright © The Norwegian Nobel Institute Share this:	November 12, 1981 : William Holden, star of Sunset Boulevard and Network, dies Introduction On this day in 1981, the actor William Holden, who starred in such movies as Sunset Boulevard, Stalag 17 and Network, dies at the age of 63 in his Santa Monica, California home. The Academy Award-winning actor reportedly died after falling and hitting his head; his body was found several days later. Holden was born William Franklin Beedle on April 17, 1918, in O’Fallon, Illinois, and raised in Southern California. He made his feature film debut in 1938’s Prison Farm and the following year starred in Golden Boy with Barbara Stanwyck. During World War II, he served in the U.S. Air Force and acted in training films. In 1950, Holden co-starred with Gloria Swanson in director Billy Wilder’s now-classic film noir Sunset Boulevard, which was nominated for 11 Academy Awards and later added to the American Film Institute’s list of the 100 best movies of the 20th century. Holden received a Best Actor Oscar nomination for his performance as Joe Gillis, a broke screenwriter who gets ensnared in the world of the aging silent-screen star Norma Desmond (Swanson). Sunset Boulevard contains the now-famous line, “All right, Mr. DeMille, I’m ready for my close-up.” Holden collected his first Academy Award in the Best Actor category for 1953’s Stalag 17, also helmed by Wilder. Holden played a bitter American soldier at a World War II German POW camp who is suspected of being a spy. During the 1950s, Holden also appeared in such hit films as Born Yesterday (1950), with Judy Holliday; Sabrina (1954) with Audrey Hepburn and Humphrey Bogart; Executive Suite (1954), with Barbara Stanwyck, Fredric March and June Allyson; The Country Girl (1954), with Bing Crosby and Grace Kelly; The Bridges at Toko-Ri (1954), with Kelly, March and Mickey Rooney; Picnic (1955), with Kim Novak; Love is a Many-Splendored Thing (1955), with Jennifer Jones, and The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), with Alec Guinness and Jack Hawkins. Later in his career, Holden appeared in such movies as The Wild Bunch (1969), a Western directed by Sam Peckinpah, and The Towering Inferno (1974), with Paul Newman and Steve McQueen. Holden received his third Best Actor Oscar nomination for director Sidney Lumet’s Network (1976), a satire about network television that includes the now-iconic line “I’m mad as hell and I’m not going to take this anymore.” Off camera, Holden was friends with Ronald Reagan and served as best man at his 1952 wedding to Nancy Davis. Holden’s final film was director Blake Edwards’ S.O.B. (1981), a satire about Hollywood and the movie business. Article Details: November 12, 1981 : William Holden, star of Sunset Boulevard and Network, dies Author November 12, 1981 : William Holden, star of Sunset Boulevard and Network, dies URL	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,909	In which Shakespeare play does the character Mercutio appear?	Introduction to Shakespeare's Mercutio from Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare's Characters: Mercutio (Romeo and Juliet) From Romeo and Juliet. Ed. K. Deighton. London: Macmillan. Mercutio is the very antithesis to Romeo. "The brooding nature of Romeo," says Dowden, "which cherishes emotion, and lives in it, is made salient by contrast with Mercutio, who is all wit, and intellect, and vivacity, an uncontrollable play of gleaming and glancing life. Upon the morning after the betrothal with Juliet, a meeting happens between Romeo and Mercutio. Previously, while a lover of Rosaline, Romeo had cultivated a lover-like melancholy. But now, partly because his blood runs gladly, partly because the union of soul with Juliet has made the whole world more real and substantial, and things have grown too solid and lasting to be disturbed by a laugh, Romeo can contend in jest with Mercutio himself, and stretch his wit of cheveril 'from an inch narrow to an ell broad.' Mercutio and the Nurse are Shakespeare's creations in this play. For the character of the former he had but a slight hint in the poem of Arthur Brooke. There we read of Mercutio as a courtier who was bold among the bashful maidens as a lion among lambs, and we are told that he had an 'ice-cold hand.' Putting together these two suggestions, discovering a significance in them, and animating them with the breath of his own life, Shakespeare created the brilliant figure which lights up the first half of Romeo and Juliet, and disappears when the colours become all too grave and sombre. Romeo has accepted the great bond of love. Mercutio, with his ice-cold hand, the lion among maidens, chooses above all things a defiant liberty of speech, gaily at war with the proprieties, an airy freedom of fancy, a careless and masterful courage in dealing with life, as though it were a matter of slight importance. He will not attach himself to either of the houses. He is invited by Capulet to the banquet; but he goes to the banquet in company with Romeo and the Montagues. He can do generous and disinterested things; but he will not submit to the trammels of being recognized as generous. He dies maintaining his freedom, and defying death with a jest. To be made worm's meat of so stupidly, by a villain that fights by the book of arithmetic, and through Romeo's awkwardness, is enough to make a man impatient. "A plague o' both your houses!" The death of Mercutio is like the removal of a shifting breadth of sunlight which sparkles on the sea; now the clouds close in upon one another and the stress of the gale begins." _________ From The Works of William Shakespeare. Vol. 8. Ed. Evangeline Maria O'Connor. J.D. Morris and Co. These few lines contain all that Arthur Brooke provides in the way of suggestion of the character of Mercutio � effectually nothing � the scene is the hall: � "At the one side of her chair her lover Romeo, And on the other side there sat one called Mercutio; A courtier that each where was highly had in price, For he was courteous of his speech and pleasant of device; Even as a lion would among the lambs be bold, Such was among the bashful maids Mercutio to behold. With friendly gripe he seized fair Juliet's snowish hand � A gift he had that nature gave him in his swathing-band, That frozen mountain ice was never half so cold As were his hands, though near the fire he did them hold." Thus far, however, the contrast with the grasp of Romeo is continued in the play, that Mercutio is the most decided foil to his more refined and delicately gifted spirit. In vivacity and liveliness he may be his equal, and he is endowed with an aptness for excitement and a flow of fantastic associations that, in the absence of sentiment, are the first though insufficient conditions of poetical invention; but his fancy tends to be overborne by fluency as his mirth by boisterousness; he is a gay companion and a ready partisan, but lax not to the verge but to the very limits of coarseness in his talk. It is this very characteristic that renders him indispensable, for such things are,	Shakespeare - MIRANDA: A Hypertext of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World Contact Shakespeare The title of Huxley's novel comes from Shakespeare's play The Tempest in Act V, scene 1. The speaker is Miranda, the daughter of Prospero, the former Duke of Milan. Prospero entrusted his kingdom to his brother Antonio so Prospero would be free to study magic. Antonio took control and set Prospero and his young daughter afloat in a boat that eventually landed on an island where the play is set. The Oxford English Dictionary tells us that the word "brave" as used in Shakespeare's time meant not only bold, but also showy or finely dressed, something that dazzled the senses and was often used as a word of approval or praise. Often when the phrase "brave new world" is used today, it is meant to imply positive if challenging change. As Huxley uses it in the title of his book, the phrase "brave new world" also highlights the naive enthusiasm we can have for technological wizardry and the world of perceived control that it brings. In The Tempest Prospero has conjured a storm to bring his usurpers to the island for some educational justice and Miranda, having only seen her father, marvels at these new men, not knowing the treachery some of them represent. MIRANDA: O, wonder! How many goodly creatures are there here! How beauteous mankind is! O brave new world, That has such people in't! PROSPERO: 'Tis new to thee.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,910	"Who wrote the musical ""We Will Rock You"" in collaboration with Brian May?"	We Will Rock You Musical left picture: Tony Vincent (Galileo) and Hannah Jane Fox (Scaramouche) right picture: Sharon D Clarke (Killer Queen) and Alexander Hanson (Khashoggi) In the end he finds the last e-guitar of the world at the ruins of the Wembley Stadium: Brian May´s Red Special. While Scaramouche plays on it and Galileo sings towards it the world turns into good again. The author of the musical, Ben Elton, manages to squeeze 30 Queen hits into this show. Some do fit perfectly into the storyplot and are very funny - others don´t fit in the plot so well, but are nice to hear nevertheless. The musical is a very british one, so I guess it would be very diffilcult to be a success outside of the UK. Once you get used to the weird story-plot the musical starts to make real fun to watch. Especially good are all the little remarks of lyrics and names of the pop and rock-world - which makes it to a good musical for all pop and rock-fans, especially Queen fans of course. Unfortunately due to that it will be difficult ro reach the mass of the people (the mainstream) and the musical fans - and without them a long running time will be doubtful in my opinion. Personally I was satisfied with the show and it was better than expected, although you have to admit that if you know the movie "Matrix" many similarities seem to be obvious. Especially good are the voices of the whole cast. Stunning and the absolute highligh of the show: Sharon D.Clarke as Killer Queen. And of course it was good to see Spike Edney and Neil Murray as part of the live band! Brian May was very involved into this musical as he is resposnsible for the vocal harmony arrangements and is music supervisor as well (together with Roger Taylor and Mike Dixon). He spent month after month working hard for this project. Unfortunately -with just ONE exception- London´s press gave the musical very bad marks (two examples can be found at the end of this review): Robert deNiro, Brian May, Roger Taylor Brian May is optimistic nevertheless: "The show brings new live into the songs and we hope that it will run for 20 years" review (c) by Oliver Tamminga Daily Express: THE new Queen Musical WE WILL ROCK YOU, has had some of the worst reviews since that glorious musical Bernadette. I imagine Robert De Niro, one of its producers, will be in a terrifying mood. But the question is: will Queen fans love it? Unlike Mamma Mia, which weaved the songs of ABBA into a show that turned out to be enjoyably witty, this struck me as compilation-ism at its naffest. The story is the problem - or rather Ben Elton is the problem. He has invented a plot set 300 years in the future where Earth - Planet Mall - is a police state, live music is banned and the kids are repressed. Original, eh? Only computerised girl band pop is tolerated by the GlobalSoft Corporation - run by the Killer Queen (sassy Sharon D Clarke) and her henchman - to the disgust of two young rebels, one of whom hears lyrical fragments from the legendary Age of Rock in his head. Galileo (Tony Vincent) and his punkette chick, Scaramouche (Hannah Jane Fox), try to save the world with the aid of a brain-dead biker hippy, played by Nigel Planer of course. They are forced to utter dialogue of pulverising awfulness (cheap gags and sermonising satire). No amount of money - and it was millions - spent on hi-tech lasers and virtual visuals can make up for the script. The Ga-Ga girl band, choreographed by Arlene Phillips, make frequent appearances and you wish they wouldn't. The best thing about the show is the band which plays the hits live but unseen. It is led by Laurie Wisefield, late of Wishbone Ash, who brilliantly apes Brian May's guitar style at a billion decibels. But it is neither a decent rock gig (they bottle out of Bohemian Rhapsody) nor satisfying theatre. Only hard core Queen fans can save it from an early bath. The Times: Without Freddie this is nothing but theatre ga-ga By Caitlin Moran WHO doesnï¿½t miss Freddie Mercury? I miss Freddie Mercury. The remaining members of Queen miss Freddie Mercury. EMI Records certa	Queen - Queen - Gold Radio Freddie: September 5th 1946 in Zanzibar, Tanzania (died November 24th, 1991) Brian: July 19th 1947 in - Twickenham, England Roger: July 26th 1949 in - Norfolk, England John: August 19th 1951 in - Leicester, England Career Highlights: Their biggest selling single is Bohemian Rhapsody, which held the number one spot for nine weeks. It was later re-released in 1991 following Freddie Mercury’s death, and it became the first single in history to reach number 1 in the UK singles chart twice. Bohemian Rhapsody was used in the 1992 film "Wayne's World", in a scene that featured the characters head-banging to the song in a car. The hit 'Radio Ga Ga' reached number 1 in 19 countries. In 1981 they became the first band to make a stadium tour of South America. Number 1 singles include Under Pressure and Bohemian Rhapsody. They performed at Live Aid in 1985 which was watched by around 400 million people worldwide. The band wrote the score for feature film 'Flash Gordon'. The band were awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2002. Queen and Ben Elton wrote the West End musical 'We Will Rock You', which has just celebrated it's 8th anniversary at the Dominion Theatre in London. In 2001 they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2004, the band got together with singer Paul Rodgers and embarked on a worldwide tour as Queen and Paul Rodgers.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,911	Who according to a song by Ian Dury was a charmer, as a writer he was brahma. velvet jackets and pyjamas, the gay divorcee and other dramas?	Ian Dury - There Ain't Half Been Some Clever Bastards Lyrics Meaning \| Lyreka Ian Dury There Ain't Half Been Some Clever Bastards Lyrics Song Meaning Noel Coward was a charmer. As a writer he was brahma. Velvet jackets and pyjamas, "The Gay Divorcee" and other dramas. Verse 2 There ain't half been some clever bastards (Lucky bleeders, lucky bleeders) There ain't half been some clever bas-tards. Verse 3 Van Gogh did some eyeball pleasers. He must have been a pencil squeezer. He didn't do the Mona Lisa, That was an Italian geezer. Verse 4 There ain't half been some clever bastards (Lucky bleeders, lucky bleeders) There ain't half been some clever bas-tards. Verse 5 Einstein can't be classed as witless. He claimed atoms were the littlest. When you did a bit of splitting-em-ness Frighten everybody shitless There ain't half been some clever bastards. Probably got help from their mum (who had help from her mum). There ain't half been some clever bastards. Now that we've had some, Let's hope that there's lots more to come. Verse 7	Duran Duran \| New Music And Songs \| Duran Duran About Duran Duran Duran Duran personified new wave for much of the mainstream audience. And for good reason. Duran Duran's reputation was built through music videos, which accentuated their fashion-model looks and glamorous sense of style. Without music videos, it's likely that their pop-funk -- described by the group as the Sex Pistols-meet-Chic -- would never have made them international pop stars. While Duran Duran did have sharper pop sensibilities than their new romantic contemporaries like Spandau Ballet and Ultravox, none of their peers exploited MTV and music videos like the Birmingham-based quintet. Each video the group made was distinctive, incorporating a number of cinematic styles to showcase the band as either part of the jet-setting elite ("Rio") or as worldly adventurers ("Hungry Like the Wolf"). While early videos like "Girls on Film" and "The Chauffeur" sparked controversy in England over their sexual content, their best-known clips were often based on hit contemporary movies. "Hungry Like the Wolf" uncannily recalled Raiders of the Lost Ark, while "Union of the Snake" and "The Wild Boys" brought to mind The Road Warrior. The clever videos helped make Duran Duran's rise to popularity remarkably swift. Between 1982 and 1984, they rocketed from underground British post-punk sensations to teen idols. But their fall from grace was equally fast. By the late '80s, the group's lineup had fragmented, and the remaining members had trouble landing hit singles. Nevertheless, the group pulled off a surprising comeback in the early '90s as a sophisticated soft rock quartet. Inspired by David Bowie and Roxy Music, as well as post-punk and disco, schoolmates Nick Rhodes (keyboards) and John Taylor (guitar) formed Duran Duran in 1978 with their friends Simon Colley (bass, clarinet) and Stephen Duffy (vocals). Taking their name from a character in Roger Vadim's psychedelic sci-fi film Barbarella, the group began playing gigs in the Birmingham club Barbarella, supported by a drum machine. Within a year, Duffy and Colley both left the group -- Duffy would later form the Lilac Time -- and were replaced by former TV Eye vocalist Andy Wickett and drummer Roger Taylor. After recording a demo, John Taylor switched to bass and guitarist Alan Curtis joined the band, only to leave within a matter of months. The group placed an ad in Melody Maker, which drew the attention of Andy Taylor, who became their guitarist. However, Duran Duran were still having trouble finding a vocalist. Following Wickett's departure in 1979, a pair of singers passed through the group before Simon LeBon, a former member of the punk band Dog Days and a drama student at Birmingham University, joined in early 1980. By the end of 1980, Duran Duran had become popular within the burgeoning new romantic circuit in England and had secured a record contract with EMI. "Planet Earth," the band's first single, quickly rose to number 12 upon its spring 1981 release. Immediately, Duran Duran became the leaders of the new romantic movement, and media sensations in the British music and mainstream press. The group's popularity increased through its cutting-edge music videos, especially the bizarre, racy clip for "Girls on Film." Although the BBC banned the Godley & Creme-directed video, the single became the group's first Top Ten hit, setting the stage for the fall release of its eponymous debut album. Duran Duran reached number three upon its release and stayed in the charts for 118 weeks. The band quickly followed the album with Rio in the spring of 1982. Rio entered the charts at number two, and its singles -- "Hungry Like the Wolf" and "Save a Prayer" -- became Top Ten hits. By the November release of the remix EP Carnival, the bandmembers were superstars in Europe, but only just beginning to make headway in America. Their exposure in the U.S. was helped greatly by the emergence of MTV, which put the group's stylish videos into heavy rotation. MTV's constant playing of the videos paid off, and "Hungry Like the Wolf" bec	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,912	Which of the many songs in Mary Poppins won an Oscar	1965 \| Oscars.org \| Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Art Direction (Color) - Art Direction: Carroll Clark, William H. Tuntke; Set Decoration: Emile Kuri, Hal Gausman Writing (Screenplay--based on material from another medium) - Bill Walsh, Don DaGradi Cinematography (Color) - Edward Colman Music (Scoring of Music--adaptation or treatment) - Irwin Kostal Directing - Robert Stevenson Costume Design (Color) - Tony Walton Best Picture - Walt Disney and Bill Walsh, Producers Sound - Walt Disney Studio Sound Department, Robert O. Cook, Sound Director * Music (Song) - Chim Chim Cher-ee in "Mary Poppins" Music and Lyrics by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman * Film Editing - Cotton Warburton	Record-Breakers and Trivia - everyHit.com Back To The 'Records & Trivia' Index All-Time Best-Selling Singles Though somewhat contentious at the lower extremes, we assert the UK all-time top 20 to look like this: "Candle In The Wind '97" - Elton John. (4.865 million) The lyrics to Elton's 1974 classic were re-written in memory of Diana, Princess of Wales. The song was only ever performed once publicly; at Diana's funeral. It has sold 37 million around the world. "Do They Know It's Christmas?" - Band Aid. (3.575m) The first ever multi-artist charity single (*) , this track was recorded in Christmas 1984 by a host of celebrity vocalists to raise money for the famine in Ethiopia. "Bohemian Rhapsody" - Queen. (2.176m) Arguably the first track to benefit from having a video, this epic spent 9 weeks at number 1 across Christmas 1975 (1.19m). It returned to the top for a further 5 weeks at number 1 at Christmas 1991, a few weeks after the death of lead singer, Freddie Mercury (0.94m). "Mull Of Kintyre" - Wings (2.05m) "Rivers Of Babylon" / "Brown Girl In The Ring" - Boney M (1.985m) "You're The One That I Want" - John Travolta & Olivia Newton-John (1.975m) "Relax" - Frankie Goes To Hollywood (1.91m) "She Loves You" - The Beatles (1.89m) "Unchained Melody" - Robson & Jerome (1.84m) "Mary's Boychild - Oh My Lord" - Boney M (1.80m) "Evergreen" / "Anything Is Possible" - Will Young (1.787m) "Love Is All Around" - Wet Wet Wet (1.785m) "I Just Called To Say I Love You" - Stevie Wonder (1.775m) "I Want To Hold Your Hand" - The Beatles (1.75m) "Barbie Girl" - Aqua (1.723m) "Can't Buy Me Love" - The Beatles (1.520m) To see a longer list, click here . Bing Crosby's "White Christmas" should perhaps appear somewhere in this list. It is the second biggest-selling single in the world (over 30 million). However, figures for the UK are hard to come by as it was originally released in 1942, well before the introduction of record charts and has continued to trickle-sell ever since. Biggest-seller by an all-female group is "Wannabe" by The Spice Girls (1.27m). Fastest-Selling Singles In the 90's record companies became much more focussed at promoting singles and targeting stock for maximum chart impact. The "fastest-selling single" became a new phenomenon. This basically means how many copies a single shifts in its first week of sale. The record is held by Elton John's "Candle In The Wind '97" (1.55 million copies in its first full week). A tribute to Diana, Princess of Wales, it was released on Saturday 13th Sep 1997, precisely one week after her funeral. Amidst unparalleled national grief, it sold 658,000 on that day alone. Top debuting artist is Will Young - "Anything Is Possible" / "Evergreen" (1.11 million in 2002). Massive publicity had built up interest in his single as he was the winner of ITV's Pop Idol programme in which 9 million had taken part in a phone poll to decide the winner a fortnight before. Similarly, Shayne Ward, winner of ITV's X Factor in 2005 rapidly shifted 0.74 million copies of his debut singe "That's My Goal" which was rushed into the shops immediately after his victory to capitalise on the Christmas week sales. In many ways, this total is less impressive than Will Young's as it was, after all, Christmas week but, to be fair, the physical CD single did not hit the shops until the Wednesday and so only four full days of physical sales were counted (though downloads for the whole week were included). The press at the time heralded this as the "second fastest selling single in history." Top debuting group - and top group overall in fact - is Hear'Say. "Pure And Simple" (0.55m, 2001) had benefitted from similar exposure via the "Pop Stars" search for a new band. This only applies if we discount Band Aid as a debuting group; they hit 0.75m when the first charity single "Do They Know It's Christmas?" was released in Dec 1984 amidst harrowing pictures of the famine in Ethiopia. Fastest-seller for a female artist is Britney Spears' "Baby One More Time" (0.46m). This was her debut single in 1	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,913	Who won the 2010 World Professional Snooker Championship?	World Snooker: Steve Davis says women will never match top men - BBC Sport BBC Sport World Snooker: Steve Davis says women will never match top men By Caroline Rigby Read more about sharing. Steve Davis does not expect to ever see a woman compete in the final stages of the World Snooker Championship. The six-time world champion, 56, believes the "obsessive" nature of men for an "absolutely irrelevant" activity gives them an advantage. "The male of the species has got a single-minded, obsessional type of brain that I don't think so many females have," he told BBC World Service's Sports Hour. Leading women's player Reanne Evans agreed that focusing solely on the game, given other priorities and a lack of financial support, is hard. "I think women find it difficult just to concentrate on snooker," said the 28-year-old, who has a seven-year-old daughter. "I've got my little girl and you're always thinking about them. Reanne Evans Began playing snooker aged 13 Highest break of 140 in 2008 Had child with male player Mark Allen - 2006 Won world mixed doubles with Neil Robertson in 2008 and Michael Holt in 2009 Became first woman to qualify for main stages of a men's ranking event in 2013 "I just think maybe men find it easier to focus on one thing at one time. Maybe that's a slight advantage there. "The men's game has the backing behind them that they can afford to have a part-time job, or no job, and just practise and work at the snooker, whereas there's no money in the women's game whatsoever." There are currently no professional women snooker players, despite top-tier competitions being open to both genders. Evans, who has won the Ladies World Championship for 10 successive years since 2005, was handed a wildcard to the World Snooker Tour for the 2010-11 season, but failed to win a match. She did, however, become the first female to reach the main stages of a ranking event last June by beating Thai player Thepchaiyah Un-Nooh in qualifying for the Wuxi Classic. While Evans dominates the women's game with an average break of around 40, she admits her level is still some way off the top male players. World number one Neil Robertson became the first player to record 100 centuries in the same season during his quarter-final victory over Judd Trump at the Crucible on Wednesday. Davis thinks women lack "that single minded determination in something that must be said is a complete waste of time - trying to put snooker balls into pockets with a pointed stick. "Men are ideally suited to doing something as absolutely irrelevant in life as that," he said. "They're the ones who have train sets in the loft. They have stamp collections to die for. Right? These are stupid things to do with your life. As is trying to practise eight hours a day to get to World Championship level. "So therefore I think we are also the idiots of the species as well. The male of the species has got a single-minded, obsessional type of brain that I don't think so many females have." Davis won six world titles between 1981-1989 but has now lost his place on the main tour for the first time Asked if he thought a woman would ever compete in the latter stages of the World Championship, the BBC commentator replied: "No." Evans was seven-and-a-half months pregnant with her daughter, Lauren, when she won the ladies world title in 2006. "The trophy just about fitted on my bump," she recalled. "I could only just about break off. It was very weird playing with a bump." Later this month, the mother-of-one from Dudley in the West Midlands will take part in World Snooker's Q School in an attempt to qualify as a professional. These days we're a fast moving sport. The opportunity is there for girls to play WPBSA's Jason Ferguson She believes mental strength rather than physical power is the key factor which sets men apart from the women. "It can be an advantage if you have cue power but there are a lot of men out there who haven't got a lot of cue power, like [Hong Kong's world ranked number seven] Marco Fu compared to [world number five] Shaun Murphy," she added. "But it's not	Joe Davis Snooker legend and World Champion Home : Joe Davis Joe Davis Joe Davis, OBE (born 15 April 1901 in Whitwell, Derbyshire, England; died 10 July 1978 in Hampshire, England) was an English professional player of English billiards and later snooker. Joe's brother Fred, twelve years his junior, was also a snooker player and multiple World Champion. When Joe met Fred in the world championship final of 1940, Joe won 37-36. Joe Davis became a professional billards player at the age of 18, having won the Chesterfield Championship aged 13. In 1926 he reached his first World Billiards final but was unsuccessful against defending champion Tom Newman. He reached the final again the following year and was runner-up again to the same opponent. It was to be a case of third time lucky for Davis when he defeated Newman in 1928 to become the billiards world champion for the first time and he would defend his title for the next three years - against Newman again in 1929 and 1930 and New Zealender Clark McConachy in 1932. He contested the final two more times in 1933 and 1934 losing on both occasions to Australian Walter Lindrum. Coinciding with his peak as a billiards player, Davis' interests shifted to snooker and he helped to organise the first snooker world championship in 1927 and won the tournament by beating Tom Dennis 20-10, for which he won ï¿½6 10s. He went on to win the world championship every year until 1940. Following the outbreak of World War 2 the world championship was not held for the next five years. On resumption in 1946, Davis defended his title making it his 15th consecutive win and thereby holding the title for 20 straight years. He retired from the event following this victory making him the only undefeated player in the history of the world championships. Davis proved he was still the man to beat up to the 1950s by winning the News of the World Championship on three occasions during the decade. His nearest rivals were his brother, Fred, and future world champion John Pulman who each both won it on two occasions. He made history in 1955 by achieving the first officially recognised maximum break in snooker of 147 in an exhibition match at Leicester Square Hall, the country's mecca for billiards enthusiasts. Also during the decade Davis attempted to popularise a new game called snooker plus. This game had two extra coloured balls, an orange and a purple, but it never took off. He was awarded the OBE in 1963. He continued to play professionally until 1964. Joe Davis died two months after collapsing while watching his brother play Perrie Mans in the 1978 world snooker championship semi-final. His home, in Whitwell, Derbyshire bears a plaque commemorating him. On 23 July 2008 Joe's widow June whom he married in 1945 passed away. She died in the afternoon on the actual day of her 98th birthday. Joe Davis is no relation to snooker player Steve Davis. Currently, his grandson, Joe Davis III, lives in San Jose, California. ï¿½Tournament wins World Championship - 1927ï¿½1940, 1946 News of the World Championship - 1950, 1953, 1956 Joe Davis Cues, Joe Davis Snooker Cues, Joe Davis Billiard Cues There are many varieties of Joe Davis facsimile(copy) cues dating back to the 20's when everybody wanted to emulate Joe Davis's playing ability, He almost dominated the sport for many years and only a select few came close to his success in snooker and billiards. The early cue marked various milestone achievements such as the CHAMPION CUE markingï¿½highest breaks or highest scores or the standard 'Joe Davis' 'CLUB CUE' probably the most common of the early cues, the first cue marks his highest snooker break of 96 and this is one of the hardest to find now second hand. Today Peradon is the only company licienced to make his cues as they have done for almost 80 years, they are a machine spliced ebony butt, ash shaft and ï¿½	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,914	On which island is the mountain Adam's Peak?	Adam's Peak Adam's Peak Adam’s Peak, Sri Lanka Jutting sharply skyward from the lush jungles of southwestern Sri Lanka is the 7362 foot (2243 meter) peak of Sri Pada, the 'Holy Footprint'. Also called Adam's Peak, the mountain has the unique distinction of being sacred to the followers of four of the world's major religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity and Islam. Long before the development of these religions, however, the mountain was worshipped by the aboriginal inhabitants of Sri Lanka, the Veddas. Their name for the peak was Samanala Kanda; Saman being one of the four guardian deities of the island. For Hindus, the name of the mountain is Sivan Adi Padham, because it was the world-creative dance of the god Shiva that left the giant footprint (5 feet 7 inches by 2 feet 6 inches). According to Buddhist traditions from as early as 300 BC, the real print is actually beneath this larger marking. Imprinted on a huge sapphire, it was left by the Buddha during the third and final of his legendary visits to Sri Lanka. When Portuguese Christians came to the island in the 16th century they claimed the impression to be the footprint of St. Thomas who, according to legend, first brought Christianity to Sri Lanka. And finally, the Arabs record it as being the solitary footprint of Adam where he stood for a thousand years of penance on one foot. An Arab tradition tells that when Adam was expelled from heaven, God put him on the peak to make the shock less terrible - Ceylon being that place on earth closest to and most like heaven. The mountain is more easily seen from the sea than from land, and also more impressive. Early Arab seafarers fascinated with the pyramidal peak wrote of it as "the highest mountain in the world" (it is not even the highest in Sri Lanka), and "visible from three days sail". The ancient Sinhalese also believed it to be of great height and a native legend tells "from Seyllan to Paradise is forty miles, and the sound of the fountains of Paradise is heard here". Visited by many early world travelers, among them the Arab Ibn Batuta (1304-1368) and the Venetian Marco Polo (1254-1324), Adam's Peak attained a legendary status as a mystic pilgrimage destination. Today the pilgrimage season commences in December and continues until the beginning of the monsoon rains in April (from May to October the mountain is obscurred by clouds). Certain parts of the path leading up the mountain are extremely steep and the climbing chains secured in these sections are said to have been placed by Alexander the Great (365-323 BC), though there is no evidence that he made it this far south on his Asia travels. Atop the peak is an oblong platform (74 x 24 feet) where stands a small Buddhist temple and the shrine of Saman with the strange footprint. Votive offerings are made here, especially of a coil of silver as long as the donor is tall, for recovery from sickness; and rain-water taken from the footprint is known to have a wonderful healing power. Adam's Peak is also called Samanalakande or the 'butterfly mountain' because of the myriads of small butterflies that fly from all over the island to die upon the sacred mountain. A Buddhist monk venerating the Holy Footprint on Adam's Peak, Sri Lanka	1. What is the name of the hit show based on the songs of Abba? - Liverpool Echo News 1. What is the name of the hit show based on the songs of Abba? 2. Which “G” is the name of the Italian astronomer who improved the telescope so much as to discover that there were craters on the moon? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. Which “G” is the name of the Italian astronomer who improved the telescope so much as to discover that there were craters on the moon? 3. For which series of films were the actors Kenneth Williams and Sid James best known? 4. What is the name given to the largest bee in a hive? 5. Which alternative word for the Devil is a Hebrew word with translates as “Lord Of The Flies”? 6. On which TV island might you have found actor Ricardo Montalban? 7. Mozart’s opera, which was a continuation of The Barber Of Seville, was called The Marriage Of . . . who? 8. What is the nearest planet to the Sun? 9. What was the name of the road sweeper played by Roger Lloyd-Pack in Only Fools And Horses? 10. What connects the answers above? 11. What was the nickname of the first Spice Girl to go solo? 12. Which of the following events did Carl Lewis not win a gold medal for at the 1984 Olympics? Long Jump, 400m or 100m relay? 13. Which two actors were nominated for best actor awards at the Oscars in 1991, both for playing wheelchair-bound characters? 14. How is Eldrick Woods better known? 15. Who did Iain Duncan Smith beat in September, 2001, to become the leader of the Conservative Party? 16. Who was the main villain in the cartoon Wacky Races? 17. When the band Hear‘say formed, who was the oldest member at 24? 18. What is the name of the third book of the Bible? 19. What was advertised with Eva Herzagovia using the slogan “hello boys”? 20. Which model gave birth to her daughter, Lola, in September, 2002? 21. “All children, except one, grow up” is the opening line from which famous story? 22. How are Fizz, Milo, Jake and Bella better known collectively? 23. What number on the Beaufort Scale represents a hurricane? 24. In which film did Jodie Foster play a character called Tallulah? 25. What is pathophobia the fear of? 26. What was the title of the TV show Bonanza changed to? 27. What mountain range is the natural habitat of the llama? 28. What nationality was scientist Marie Curie? 29. Who played the title role in the TV series Worzel Gummidge? 30. Which toy was originally called the Pluto Platter when it was first introduced in 1957? 1. Mama Mia; 2. Galileo; 3. Carry On; 4. Queen; 5. Beelzebub; 6. Fantasy; 7. Figaro; 8. Mercury; 9. Trigger; 10. The song Bohemian Rhapsody; 11. Ginger Spice; 12. 400m; 13. Tom Cruise (for Born On The Fourth Of July) and Daniel Day-Lewis (for My Left Foot); 14. Tiger Woods; 15. Ken Clarke; 16. Dick Dastardly; 17. Kym Marsh; 18. Leviticus; 19. The Wonderbra; 20. Kate Moss; 21. Peter Pan; 22. The Tweenies; 23. 12; 24. Bugsy Malone; 25. Illness; 26. Ponderosa; 27. Andes; 28. Polish; 29. Jon Pertwee; 30. Frisbee Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,915	What is the wife of an Earl called?	Earl \| Define Earl at Dictionary.com earl noun 1. a British nobleman of a rank below that of marquis and above that of viscount: called count for a time after the Norman conquest. The wife of an earl is a countess. 2. (in Anglo-Saxon England) a governor of one of the great divisions of England, including East Anglia, Mercia, Northumbria, and Wessex. Origin of earl Old English 900 before 900; Middle English erl, Old English eorl; cognate with Old Saxon erl man, Old Norse jarl chieftain Earl a male given name: from the old English word meaning “noble.”. Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for earl Expand Contemporary Examples His wife is the niece of an earl who once worked as a lady-in-waiting to a royal duchess. The Kensington District Geraldine Edith Mitton He could remember clearly now, the earl's explanations of the action of the coronet. Millennium Everett B. Cole The Smuggler's Cave George A. Birmingham He thought of the names he had heard used by the guards of the earl. Millennium Everett B. Cole British Dictionary definitions for earl Expand noun 1. (in the British Isles) a nobleman ranking below a marquess and above a viscount Female equivalent countess 2. (in Anglo-Saxon England) a royal governor of any of the large divisions of the kingdom, such as Wessex Word Origin Old English eorl; related to Old Norse jarl chieftain, Old Saxon erl man Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for earl Expand n. Old English eorl "brave man, warrior, leader, chief" (contrasted with ceorl "churl"), from Proto-Germanic *erlo-z, of uncertain origin. In Anglo-Saxon poetry, "a warrior, a brave man;" in later Old English, "nobleman," especially a Danish under-king (equivalent of cognate Old Norse jarl), then one of the viceroys under the Danish dynasty in England. After 1066 adopted as the equivalent of Latin comes (see count (n.)). Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper	Tombstone History - The Earps and "Doc" Holliday PROFILES OF THE EARPS AND "DOC" HOLLIDAY WYATT EARP is best known as the fearless frontier lawman of Wichita and Dodge City, Kansas, and as principal survivor of the Gunfight at the OK Corral. But the Marshall Earp of legend accounted for only about 5 years of Wyatt's long and eventful life. Wyatt spent most of his years traveling and living in the deserts of the Southwest with his four brothers Virgil, Morgan, James and Warren, as well as his wife Josie. His lifelong passion for mining, gambling and sports led him from one boomtown to another across the span of the western frontier and into the 20th century. Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp was born in Monmouth, Illinois on March 19, 1848. In 1864 he moved with his parents to Colton, California near San Bernardino, where he was employed as a teamster and railroad worker. Wyatt returned east and married in 1870, but after the sudden death of his new bride, he drifted the Indian Territory working as a buffalo hunter and stagecoach driver. In 1875 he arrived in Wichita, Kansas where he joined the police force. In 1876, he moved to Dodge City, Kansas where he became a faro dealer at the at the famous Long Branch Saloon and assistant marshal. It was here he met and became lifelong friends with Bat Masterson and Doc Holliday, as well as establishing his reputation as a notable lawman and gambler. The photo at left comes from the National Archives of the United States. Taken around 1890, the picture posed past and present "Peace Commissioners" of Dodge City (Kansas). Left to right: Charles Bassett, W.H. Harris, Wyatt Earp, Luke Short, L. McLean, Bat Masterson, and Neal Brown. Masterson was a close friend of Wyatt and spent much time in Tombstone before returning to Kansas in 1882. Luke Short, another friend, and part-time lawman and part-time gambler, spent time in Tombstone and left a victim in Boothill. Leaving Dodge City with his second wife, Mattie Blaylock, in 1878, Wyatt traveled to New Mexico and California, working for a time as a Wells Fargo agent. In 1879 he assembled with his brothers and their wives in the new silver mining town of Tombstone, Arizona. Wyatt planned to establish a stage line here, but upon discovering that there were already two in town, he acquired the gambling concession at the Oriental Saloon. His brother VIRGIL (photo left) became town marshal, while Morgan took a job with the police department. It was here that Wyatt met his third wife JOSIE (Josephine Marcus Earp - photo right), who remained with him until his death. On October 26, 1881, a feud that had developed between the Earp brothers and a gang led by Ike Clanton culminated in the most celebrated gun-fight in western folklore -- the Gunfight at the OK Corral. Three of the Clanton gang were killed, while Ike and another wounded member escaped. The three Earp brothers -- Virgil, Wyatt and Morgan -- along with Doc Holliday survived. Both Morgan and Virgil were wounded, and Virgil was later terminated as marshal for his role in the homicides. In March, 1882 MORGAN EARP (photo right) was gunned down by unknown assassins. Wyatt, along with his brother Warren and some friends, embarked on a vendetta during which all four suspects were eventually killed. After being accused of these murders, Wyatt and Josie fled Arizona to Colorado. then made the rounds of western mining camps over the next few years. They turned up in Coeur d' Alene, Idaho and in 1886, settled briefly in booming San Diego, where Wyatt gambled and invested in real estate and saloons. In 1897 Wyatt and Josie headed for Nome Alaska where they operated a saloon during the height of the Alaska Gold Rush. They returned to the states in 1901 with an estimated $80,000 and immediately headed for the gold strike in Tonopah, Nevada, where his saloon, gambling and mining interests once again proved profitable. Thereafter, Wyatt took up prospecting in earnest, staking claims just outside Death Valley and elsewhere in the Mojave Desert. In 1906 he discovered several veins that c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,916	Steve Irwin, beloved Australian who died after a stingray mistook his chest for a dart board, was better known as whom?	The Sydney Morning Herald Blogs: The Daily Truth Posted by: GerardW on September 6, 2006 10:30 AM Saint Diana, Saint David Hookes, Saint Steve Irwin... Posted by: Oz_1788 on September 6, 2006 10:43 AM Let's face a fact here. Steve Irwin was a yobbo who made millions out of that image Every second Yank I meet, immediately on picking me for an Australian gushes "Oh, I LOVE the Crocodile Hunter." My standard response is "well, that would make you and idiot wouldn't it?" Still, I have to take my hat off to him in this respect: stupid and full of half baked ideas as he was, he really found a market for his faux heroics and animal molesting and milked it for all it's worth. He had it coming and the only thing I have difficulty with is the attention he received before and after his death. All the sycophants who thought he was so bloody cool should realise that their voyeuristic Colosseumesque reaction to stirring up dangerous animals is what killed him. They are responsible for his death. I spent several years jumping out of perfectly sound aircraft from 12,000'. I had 2 canopy malfunctions in several hundred jumps that scared the crap out of me. But if I made a splat I hoped that the only thing said at my funeral would be "stupid bastard." The press, including SMH are so afraid of going against this mass hysteria. Peter Beatty is the worst. A savvy reader of the polls as any who can exploit a situation in an instant. It all makes me sick. I'm having trouble feeling sorry for his wife who encouraged the melodrama on camera for all it was worth. Quite literally. But I do. And especially for his children who are now without a father. Posted by: Seppo on September 6, 2006 10:46 AM Hi Jack The media is in the business of firstly, making money, then secondly providing a news service. They smell stories, tributes and quite a few more "Current Affairs Special Editiions". It is overstated, but perhaps by not a lot. I think everyone I've had a conversation with, over the past couple of days has gone there. "What about Steve Irwin eh?" "Yeah amazing, who'd have thunk it?" "Yeah, a stingray" "yeah, I didn't think it'd be a stingray" This story does have significant penetration into our culture. Look at the number of comments it's created on the news sites. This is my first posting in your blog... on this topic. I daresay there will be others. It's sad that the media just overcooks it so, and that everyone from the Prime Minister to Idol contestants have had a microphone thrust in their faces. I reckon they feel compelled to ham-up their response to garner the public support - or face accusations of not showing the appropriate grief. I, for one, didn't quite understand the whole media frenzy over the "Baby Bob incident". Perhaps there should have been caption on every news item. "This man is a trained professional, do not try this with your own baby". I also can't help thinking there was some residual hysteria from the Michael Jackson incident. (What's that kid called? Prince Michael II, or "blanket" or something?) The media had discovered that they, combined with everyone who had an opinion were better parents than Jacko. And probably were. Then they tried it on Steve Irwin. Everyone was horrified at a primal level. They couldn't get it, that this guy was probably raised just the same - in the presence of crocodiles and dangerous animals all his life. Anyway - on to Ms Greer. Her rantings, as usual, speak much larger volumes about her own anger at everything than anything else. I can't recall a time whan Ms Greer has had anything positive to say. Possible because I show no interest in her activities at all, but more likely because she's just become loathsome, and the only way she can express herself is via unprovoked bitterness. I read her rubbish, and felt anger. It's the first time, I've tried to track down a person's email address and sned her MY opinion. (Then I got bored and calmed down atfer a fruitless 5 minute search). As far as I know, he's done nothing to Ms Greer, apart from operated from a set	Stingray TV Series (download torrent) - TPB Stingray TV Series Get this torrent ( Get Torrent File ) (Problems with magnets links are fixed by upgrading your torrent client !) Stingray TV Series - total of 39 episodes. Each episode is approx 26-27 mins long. Stingray is a children's marionette television show, created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and produced by AP Films for ATV and ITC Entertainment from 1964â€“65. Its 39 half-hour episodes were originally screened on ITV in the UK and in syndication in the USA. The scriptwriters included Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, Alan Fennell, and Dennis Spooner. Barry Gray composed the music, and Derek Meddings was the special effects director. Stingray was the first Supermarionation show to be filmed in colour, and also the first in which marionettes had interchangeable heads with different facial expressions. It was also the first British television programme to be filmed entirely in colour. Stingray, a highly sophisticated combat submarine built for speed and manoeuvrability, is the flagship of the World Aquanaut Security Patrol (WASP), a 21st Century security organisation based at Marineville in the year 2065. She is capable of speeds of up to 600 knots and advanced pressure compensators allow her to submerge to depths of over 36,000 feet, which permits cruising to the bottom of any part of any ocean in the world. Marineville is located somewhere on the California coast of the United States. In the event of attack, the entire base can descend on hydraulic jacks into underground bunkers. Marineville is 10 miles inland, and Stingray is launched from the base's "Pen 3" through a tunnel leading to the Pacific Ocean. "Action Stations," "Launch Stations," and "Battle Stations" are sounded not by sirens but by a rapid drum-beat, composed and recorded by series composer Barry Gray, played over the Marineville public address system. The pilot of Stingray is the square-jawed Captain Troy Tempest, the Supermarionation puppet who was accidentally modelled on James Garner, accompanied by Dixie navigator Lieutenant George Lee "Phones" Sheridan, nicknamed "Phones" because of his job as Stingray's hydrophone operator. His real name, George Sheridan, is referred to in the show's publicity material, but is never mentioned on-screen. Troy and Phones board Stingray by sitting down in their side-by-side command chairs in the stand-by lounge, which are lowered rapidly into the submarine on long tubular poles called injector tubes. An additional seat and pole is situated just behind theirs, for use by a third crew member, usually Marina, or a passenger. They take their orders from the crusty, "hoverchair"-bound Commander Samuel Shore, whose daughter, Lieutenant Atlanta Shore, is also a WASP operative and is enamoured of Troy. Sub-Lieutenant John Fisher also regularly takes shifts at Marineville Control. The reason Shore is confined to a hoverchair is revealed in the episode The Ghost of the Sea. As a security agent for a deep sea mining platform, he was attacked by a submarine. He managed to ram his attacker in return, and then escape to the surface with scuba gear, but in so doing, he lost the use of his legs. All this took place five years before the time in which Stingray is set. During the course of the series, Stingray encounters a number of underwater races, both hostile and otherwise. The "aquaphibians," a submarine warrior race, appear frequently, often under the command of King Titan, whose puppet was accidentally modelled on Laurence Olivier, and who is the ruler of the underwater city of Titanica. Video: 720x536 xVid 29.97fps Audio: 48K 224Kbps AC3 2-channel stereo (L/R) Enjoy! Comments welcome.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,917	Rose Sayer falls for Charlie Allnut in which movie?	Film Notes -The African Queen The African Queen (American, 1951, 105 minutes, color, 35mm) Directed by John Huston Robert Morley . . . . . . Reverend Samuel Sayer Peter Bull . . . . . . . . . . Captain of Louisa The following film notes were prepared for the New York State Writers Institute by Kevin Jack Hagopian, Senior Lecturer in Media Studies at Pennsylvania State University: The story of Charlie Allnut and Rose Sayer appealed to John Huston instantly. C. S. Forester’s tale of a mismatched couple, the convict and the missionary lady, centered on one of the best colorfully conflicted duos in Huston films. The leads were first to have been played by Charles Laughton and his wife, Elsa Lanchester, and then by Bette Davis and David Niven. But Katherine Hepburn, then finishing a national tour of As You Like It for the Theatre Guild, loved the book, and saw in Rosie a woman much like herself—a prim-seeming product of a starched society with vast, hidden reserves of unorthodoxy and bravery. She’d never met Humphrey Bogart or director John Huston, but she admired both of them. She agreed to do the film on one condition—that the film would actually be shot in its setting, equatorial Africa. Renegade independent producer Sam Spiegel knew that Hepburn was the only Rosie in the world, and he gulped and agreed. No one could have known the agonies that awaited them, agonies that made everyone feel remarkably close to the world of Rosie and Charlie. Shipping a whole movie company thousands of miles across the world and into the African bush greatly appealed to director Huston, who, after the experience of THE TREASURE OF THE SIERRA MADRE’s Mexican locations, was even more eager to use extensive location work in this film. He flew over 25,000 miles of African terrain before choosing a camp near Biondo, on the Ruiki River in what was then the Belgian Congo. Not only did the realism of the African location for this particular story appeal to Huston, but so did the end-of-the world feel: "I come from a frontier background. My people were that. And I always feel constrained in the presence of too many rules, severe rules; they distress me. I like the sense of freedom. I don't particularly seek that ultimate freedom of the anarchist, but I'm impatient of rules that result from prejudice." Throughout his life, Huston took any excuse to light out for the territories. The god-forsaken Congo was the perfect place to make a film about how quickly the cheap paint of civilization can wear off the human psyche. For the rest of THE AFRICAN QUEEN cast and crew, it was a green hell. Spiegel had gone deeply in hock to make the film with the cast he wanted, and there was precious little left over for a huge location crew. For a time, Hepburn doubled as the wardrobe mistress. Missing from the African set were the squadrons of grips, gophers, and hangers-on common to a Hollywood shoot. In their place were bemused natives, lumber camp laborers, and the occasional colonial administrator. "Nature," says Hepburn’s Rose Sayer in the film, "is what we were put on earth to rise above." But THE AFRICAN QUEEN group kept most intimate company with nature for the long weeks on African location, close by the black water of the Riuki in the rainy season. The cast endured blood flukes, crocodiles, huge army ants, wild boars, elephant stampedes, malaria and dysentery. Poisonous snakes in the outhouses and bugs in the food added even more character to the steaming inferno, and Hepburn lost twenty pounds making the film. Sanitation was nonexistent, a particular horror for Hepburn, fastidious to a fault and a urologist’s daughter. Bogart and Huston took to consuming Homeric amounts of alcohol, as the jungle closed in about them. Bogart’s own self-reliance and confidence initially made him despise the chinless Charlie Allnut. But the weeks in the jungle worked a change on Bogart, as he sampled the destitute life of Charlie. As Huston said, "All at	Detail view of Movies Page Summary: In Chicago, in February, 1929, federal agent Mulligan sets up a raid on a speakeasy run by notorious bootlegger “Spats” Colombo, based on information provided by small-time gangster “Toothpick” Charlie. As Mulligan inspects the lively speakeasy, two members of the band, saxophonist Joe and bass player Jerry eagerly discuss plans for their salary from their first job in four months. The longtime friends begin arguing about how to spend their salary until Jerry notices Mulligan’s badge and they make a hasty exit as the raid begins, avoiding the police roundup. Putting up their coats as collateral, they place a bet with their bookie, and promptly lose both the bet and their coats. Desperate, Joe and Jerry visit the musicians’ agency building hoping to line up another job. At Sid Poliakoff’s agency, receptionist Nellie Weinmeier, incensed over being stood up by Joe a few nights earlier, reveals there is an opening for a bass and sax with a band in an all-expenses paid trip to Florida. Joe and Jerry eagerly question Sid, only to learn that the positions are in an all-girl band. Sid tells them of a job at a college dance in Urbana and Joe accepts, then charms Nellie into loaning them her car for the Urbana gig. Retrieving the car at a garage owned by Toothpick Charlie, Joe and Jerry unintentionally witness Spats and his men shoot Charlie and his men to death for informing on the speakeasy. Although the musicians are spotted by Spats, he is distracted by Charlie, who revives long enough to allow Joe and Jerry to flee. After they evade the gangsters, Jerry suggests they call the police, but Joe reminds him they will not be safe from Spats in any part of Chicago in spite of the police. Joe then telephones Sid and, using a high falsetto voice, accepts the job with the all-girl band. That evening at the train station, Joe and Jerry, uncomfortably disguised as women, check in with band leader Sweet Sue and manager Beinstock as the newest members of the Society Syncopators, Joe as Josephine and Jerry as Daphne. Once on board the train, Joe fears that Jerry’s enthusiasm at finding himself among so many women will expose them and warns his friend to behave “like a girl,” but in the process, musses Jerry’s outfit. Retreating to the ladies’ room for repairs, the men come upon stunning singer and ukulele player Sugar Kane Kowalczyk drinking bourbon from a flask. Sugar pleads with them not to report her to Sue, who has threatened to fire her if she is caught drinking again. A little later during rehearsal, when Sugar’s flask falls to the floor, Sue responds angrily, but Jerry steps forward, and to Sugar’s surprise, claims the flask is his own. That night, Sugar sneaks to Jerry’s berth to thank him for his action, then abruptly jumps into the berth to avoid Sue. Overwhelmed by Sugar’s proximity, Jerry grows anxious and suggests that he needs a drink and within minutes an impromptu party ensues at Jerry’s berth. Joe awakens and is horrified, but gets drawn into the festivities when Sugar asks him to help break up an ice block in the ladies’ room. There Sugar confides that she is with the all-girl band in order to escape a series of unhappy love affairs with tenor saxophone players and dreams of finding a sensitive millionaire who wears glasses. Upon arriving in Florida at the beachfront Ritz Seminole Hotel, “Daphne” catches the attention of wealthy, oft-married Osgood Fielding III. Once in their room, Jerry, infuriated at being flirted with and pinched by Osgood, demands they give up their disguises and find a male band, but Joe insists they must maintain their masquerade, as Spats will surely investigate male orchestras all over the country. Jerry reluctantly agrees and then accompanies Sugar to the beach. Unknown to Jerry, Joe has stolen Beinstock’s suitcase of clothes and eyeglasses and, dressing in them, goes to the beach where he stages an accidental meeting with Sugar. Joe implies that he is the heir to the Shell Oil company and, captivated by the apparently sensitive “Juni	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,918	Which iconic car was designed by Alec Issigonsis?	The first ‘modern’ small car - designed by Alec Issigonis in 1959 and greeted with amazement by the public. Much smaller wheels than those previously seen and an overall utility look with sliding windows and a sash- pull for opening the doors did not deter the buyers who saw the mini as an accessible small car. Issigonis had already been instrumental in creating another long lasting design icon in the form of the Morris Minor – this design also became a cult and survived in production until 1971. It had been conceived in the late 1940s. This was the first British car design to sell one million units . By the end of production nearly 5.5 million minis had been sold making the design the most popular British model. Besides being a popular car with family and other motorists the design had also won the Monte Carlo rally three times. ( Mini- Cooper) In an international poll to find the most influential car designs ever – the mini was second to the legendary Model- T Ford. At the end of its production run in 2000 a newer variant appeared – the New Mini and so the innovative design lives on in a redeveloped form. Long gone now though are the cord- pull door handles, the bare interior parcel shelf and the sliding windows – all features of the original design and which very soon disappeared as the car gained a significant market share of the 1960s. That austerity look that kept the price of the car so much lower than other models and which brought motoring to a wide market are no longer features that draw customers in the car market. In 1967 Issigonis expanded the idea of the mini into a slightly larger design – the ‘Mini Metro’. This design finished its production run in 1998. With the engine mounted transversely a reduction in length was achieved which in a car designed for city travel – parking being a priority – was essential. Parking being rated a priority in the less populated roads of 1960 now seems vaguely amusing ! The car sold for around £350 at the time of its Design: Alec Issigonis – Manufacturer: British Motor Corp. © British Motor Industry Heritage Trust With such a popular car it is hardly surprising that some fans take their admiration to the extreme. A tattoo that depicts an early mini clearly shows an original fan. So now estimate the age of the woman whose picture is featured here ! It might perhaps be difficult for her to against the idea that it wasn’t the latest model that was used as a reference at the time ! The car certainly was revolutionary and discussion was common as to whether the wheels could withstand rotation speeds required –since they were so much smaller than those on more conventional cars of the period.	The Saint's Volvo 1800 The Saint's Volvo 1800 Volvo and Roger Moore as The Saint The classic image of Roger Moore driving his Volvo sports car in the 1960's TV show, The Saint, endures even today. The Volvo Car Corporation supplied the "The Saint" television producers a total of five P1800 models for use on their show. Volvo happily supplied the first one in 1962, registered as 71 DXC, within a week of its being requested. In 1964, Volvo moved production of the P1800 line from England to Sweden, and sent one of the new 1800S models, registration 77 GYL, to the set of "The Saint". The first car was then chopped up for better interior shot access. Three years later, in 1967, Volvo supplied yet another car. This car, however, didn't get much use as it was wrecked in a crash fairly soon after its arrival. The production company did manage to salvage some of the parts, and used them to update the 1964 car with the new straight bumpers, chrome, and more modern trim rings for the wheels. A short time after the crash, Volvo supplied two more cars. One, registered as NUV 647E, was used for Roger Moore's personal use, and the other, NUV 648E, was used for filming. If you would like to see one of the cars, the "Cars of the Stars" museum in Keswick, England has the official 'Saint' car on display. Their car is the fully restored 1964, registration 77 GYL, with a giant Saint logo on the hood. Photo supplied by The Volvo Car Corporation, and is used with their kind permission Corgi Toys Corgi Toys (Great Britain) #258, The "Saint's" Car, Volvo P1800 The Saint was at a peak of popularity in the 1960's. The Saint television show, starring Roger Moore and his Saintly white Volvo 1800, was a big hit. In 1966 Corgi repainted their Volvo P1800 models in white, and added a Saint logo to the hood, as a testament to the success of the show. A Quick Word about the Hirondel In the Saint books by Leslie Charteris, Simon Templar drove a Hirondel . The problem that the television producers had when they started to produce the 1960's Saint TV series was that the Hirondel was a fictional car. They decided to go with a contemporary car, and had two hot new sports cars to choose from: the Volvo P1800 or the Jaguar XK-E. Volvo was happy to supply a beautiful white P1800 for the show, leaving Jaguar to regret their decision not to provide a XK-E (something they rectified in the 1970's by giving The Return of The Saint show a white XJ-S). The mighty and mythical Hirondel was covered in the First Quarter 1972 issue of Automobile Quarterly (volume 10, number 1), with five different artists presenting their representations of Simon Templar's famous automobile. The Saint's Volvo C70 Coupe with Val Kilmer The latest marriage of The Saint and a Volvo, the C70 debuted at the International Automobile Show in France on October 1, 1996. It was Volvo's first true sports coupe since the popular P1800 series in the 1960s and arrived just in time for the new Saint movie (Val Kilmer drove a cherry red one in the 1997 Paramount picture, The Saint). Styled by Volvo's chief of design Peter Horbury, the C70 draws from Volvo's past, present and future. Horbury incorporated the traditional sloping 'V' hoodline and shouldered door panels from the P120 series, the P1800's rakish rear window and body site-line, along with today's 850 front styling, and the future of Volvo styling into a Coupe unlike any Volvo ever before. Borrowing from the proven 850 series, the C70 utilizes the 850 platform, engine, drivetrain, suspension just as the new Volvo S70 series has. In total the Coupe shares the same wheelbase as the 850 but is two inches longer making this an honest four seater. New for the C70 will be a manual transmission coupled to a 2.4 liter turbocharged 230 hp, five cylinder engine. Some of the standard safety features are: dual front air bags, side impact protection system (SIPS) that includes the worlds first front occupant side impact air bags, pyrotechnic seat belt pretensioners and headrestraints in all four seating positions. The 1998 Volv	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,919	In Peter Pan what is the name of the Red Indian Princess rescued by Peter?	Indians \| Disney Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia [Source] The Indians are the characters in Peter Pan . They lived in the Indian Camp of Neverland . As their chief pointed out, for "many moons", they have been fighting the Lost Boys in innocent challenges, and the winners always turned the losers loose (sometimes the winners are the Indians; anytime else, it is the Lost Boys). Contents [ show ] Development Originally, the Indians were to have a somewhat larger role than now. In the first scene for Never Land, the Indians were to be involved in a chase including the Lost Boys and the Pirates. Later on, after Peter Pan rescued Tiger Lily, they became security guards for Hangmen Tree, Peter Pan's hideout and battle with the pirates during an ambush. Appearances Jake and the Never Land Pirates None of the Indians make an appearance but in the episode " Basketballs Aweigh ", a basketball court built by the Indians was visited by Jake and his crew as well as Captain Hook. When first seen, vocalizations of the Indians were briefly heard. Racial stereotyping of Native Americans Although loved by families for decades, Peter Pan has been seen as politically incorrect in recent years due to the way Disney portrayed the Native American "Indians" in the film. They are stereotypical and considered by some to be offensive. They are displayed as wild, savage, violent and speak in a stereotypical way. The characters often call them savages and at one point Captain Hook refers to them as "redskins". John, Michael, and the Lost Boys go hunting them like animals (the Lost Boys mention tigers and bears as other alternatives). The "What Made the Red Man Red?" song is highly controversial because the Indians themselves are reflecting on how they got the color of skin; that Indian men maintain a permanent blush due to their constant pursuit of Indian women, and that asking "How?" is a major catalyst for Indian education. These stereotypes are present in J.M Barrie's play and many films of the time (mainly Westerns and cartoons). Marc Davis, one of the supervising animators of the film said in an interview years after the production that "I'm not sure we would have done the Indians if we were making this movie now. And if we had we wouldn't do them the way we did back then." Gallery	Captain Hook – Neverpedia, the Peter Pan wiki Captain Hook, ill. by Greg Hildebrandt Captain James Hook is the antagonist of J. M. Barrie 's play Peter Pan, or the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up and its various adaptations. He is the villainous captain of the galleon Jolly Roger , where he commands a crew of pirates through guile and others' fear of him. He wears a big iron hook in place of one hand, which was cut off by Peter Pan and eaten by a crocodile. The crocodile liked the taste so much that he follows Hook around constantly, hoping for more. Luckily for Hook, the crocodile also swallowed a clock, so Hook can tell from the ticking sound when it is near. Hook has sworn revenge on Peter for this. Barrie states in the novel that "Hook was not his true name. To reveal who he really was would even at this date set the country in a blaze." Despite some speculation as to whom Barrie was referring, it seems likely that he was simply teasing, and had no historical figure in mind. Hinting at a resumé for the character, Barrie explains that "he was Blackbeard's boatswain, and that he was the only man Long John Silver ever feared". In the play, Hook's final words are "Floreat Etona", the motto of Eton College , and Barrie confirmed in a speech delivered in 1927 at Eton that Hook had been a student there. In Barrie's story, Hook captures Wendy Darling , the girl who loves Peter and whom Peter views as his surrogate mother, and challenges the boy to a final duel. When Hook is beaten, Peter Pan kicks him overboard to the open jaws of the waiting crocodile below. Just before his defeat, however, he takes a final jab at Peter by taunting him about his "bad form". Peter, with the callousness of youth, quickly forgets Hook and is said to go on to find a new nemesis, but Hook's popularity has made him a staple of sequels, the title character of a big-budget Hollywood feature film, and a household name. Contents 12 Cameos in other Media Creation of the character Although pirates had previously featured in Barrie's play adventures with the Llewelyn Davies boys as he was developing ideas for the play, Hook did not appear in early drafts of the play; the capricious and coercive Peter Pan was the "villain" of the story. The pirate captain was created for a "front cloth" scene to be staged in front of the curtain while the set was changed from Neverland back to the Darling nursery, depicting the children's journey home. Barrie expanded the scene, knowing how much children were fascinated by pirates, and expanded the role of the captain as the play developed. The character was probably named (at least in part) as a play on the name Captain James Cook , the legendary 18th century navigator. The character was originally cast to be played by a woman: Dorothea Baird , the actress also playing Mary Darling . Gerald du Maurier , who was already playing George Darling (and the brother of Barrie's dear friend Sylvia Llewelyn Davies ), persuaded Barrie to let him take the additional role instead, a casting decision that has since been replicated in many stage and film productions of the Peter Pan story. Appearance His most striking feature is his hook. The script of the play and the text of the novel state clearly that the hook replaces his right hand. However, in many presentations, the hook replaces his left hand, usually for the convenience of the (right-handed) actor playing the part, who may be unskilled at handling a sword and performing other routine stage business with his left hand. This was even true in Disney's animated version, in which Hook's actions were modeled for the animators by voice actor Hans Conried , who was right-handed. In both Hook and the 2003 Peter Pan film, the hook was shown to be removable, with various interchangeable prosthetic attachments. In the novel Peter and Wendy , Hook is described as "cadaverous" and "blackavized" (dark-faced), with blue eyes and long dark curls which look like "black candles" at a distance. In most pantomime performances of Peter Pan, and in the film Hook , Hook's hair is simply a wig. He	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,920	Who was the director of the 2012 James Bond film Skyfall?	Skyfall (2012) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error From $12.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON TV ON DISC ALL Bond's loyalty to M is tested when her past comes back to haunt her. Whilst MI6 comes under attack, 007 must track down and destroy the threat, no matter how personal the cost. Director: Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. Michael Fassbender in Trespass Against Us arrives on Blu-ray and DVD March 7 15 hours ago \| WeAreMovieGeeks.com a list of 25 titles created 07 Jun 2012 a list of 32 titles created 12 May 2013 a list of 23 titles created 10 Dec 2014 a list of 26 titles created 29 Dec 2015 a list of 26 titles created 3 months ago Search for " Skyfall " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 2 Oscars. Another 64 wins & 115 nominations. See more awards » Videos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8/10 X Armed with a licence to kill, Secret Agent James Bond sets out on his first mission as 007 and must defeat a weapons dealer in a high stakes game of poker at Casino Royale, but things are not what they seem. Director: Martin Campbell James Bond descends into mystery as he tries to stop a mysterious organization from eliminating a country's most valuable resource. All the while, he still tries to seek revenge over the death of his love. Director: Marc Forster 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.8/10 X A cryptic message from Bond's past sends him on a trail to uncover a sinister organization. While M battles political forces to keep the secret service alive, Bond peels back the layers of deceit to reveal the terrible truth behind SPECTRE. Director: Sam Mendes James Bond teams up with the lone survivor of a destroyed Russian research center to stop the hijacking of a nuclear space weapon by a fellow agent formerly believed to be dead. Director: Martin Campbell The IMF is shut down when it's implicated in the bombing of the Kremlin, causing Ethan Hunt and his new team to go rogue to clear their organization's name. Director: Brad Bird An American agent, under false suspicion of disloyalty, must discover and expose the real spy without the help of his organization. Director: Brian De Palma Agent Ethan Hunt comes into conflict with a dangerous and sadistic arms dealer who threatens his life and his fianceé in response . Director: J.J. Abrams Ethan and team take on their most impossible mission yet, eradicating the Syndicate - an International rogue organization as highly skilled as they are, committed to destroying the IMF. Director: Christopher McQuarrie Investigating a gold magnate's smuggling, James Bond uncovers a plot to contaminate the Fort Knox gold reserve. Director: Guy Hamilton After being held captive in an Afghan cave, billionaire engineer Tony Stark creates a unique weaponized suit of armor to fight evil. Director: Jon Favreau A man is picked up by a fishing boat, bullet-riddled and suffering from amnesia, before racing to elude assassins and regain his memory. Director: Doug Liman Earth's mightiest heroes must come together and learn to fight as a team if they are to stop the mischievous Loki and his alien army from enslaving humanity. Director: Joss Whedon Edit Storyline When Bond's latest assignment goes gravely wrong and agents around the world are exposed, MI6 is attacked forcing M to relocate the agency. These events cause her authority and position to be challenged by Gareth Mallory (Ralph Fiennes), the new Chairman of the Intelligence and Security Committee. With MI6 now compromised from both inside and out, M is left with one	The Story of the Nabila – CommanderBond.net The Story of the Nabila Written by Lars Zeppernick Luxury yachts and boats have quite often been featured in James Bond movies, and one of the most famous examples of them was Adnan Kashoggi’s “Nabila”, named after his daughter, which doubled for the “Flying Saucer” in the Kevin McClory produced Bond movie Never Say Never Again. The “Nabila” was built in 1980 by Fratelli Benetti shipyard in Viareggio (Italy), being the world’s largest private yacht at that time with a length of 281 ft. (85,65 metres). And even after a quarter century, it is still among the world’s largest yachts’ Top 25. The exterior design was done by Jon Bannenberg of London, while the interiors were done by Italian Luigi Sturchio. The Bond crew was the first movie crew allowed on board of Kashoggi’s swimming palace, for which producer Jack Schwartzman made “a contribution to The Princess Grace Foundation for charity through the Kashoggi Foundation” and Kashoggi also got a Thanks “A.K.” in the movie’s end credits. This deal scored Schwartzman a few points with his leading actor Sean Connery, which otherwise he mostly failed during the lengthy shooting of Never Say Never Again. In the movie, the vessel was called “Flying Saucer” (English for “Disco Volante”, as the its equivalent was named in Thunderball) and served as Maximilian Largo’s mobile headquarters, at home on the seven seas. However, the ship’s command central that was shown in the movie was fictional, the work of production designer Stephen Grinds and art director Les Dilley. The original yacht, at the height of a three storey building, featured five decks. It had three elevators, a 12-seat movie theatre, two saunas, a swimming pool, a discotheque, a jacuzzi, a billard room, eleven guest rooms with hand-carved onyx bathroom fixtures and gold-plated door-knobs and a master suite of 4 rooms, the bathroom of which had a solid gold sink. There also was a sun deck equipped with bullet-proof glass, sleeping quarters for 52 staff members, a three room “hospital”, secret passageways, push-button doors and windows and no less than 296 telephones. The steel hull ship made 18 – 20 knots and was powered by two 3000 hp Nohab Polar V 16 turbocharged diesel engines. Several figures are known about the original price of the “Nabila”: while some sources speak of $70 million, others say that the boat itself was about $30 million plus $55 million for the luxury extras, which makes a total of $85 million. However, the building of the ship eventually led to bankrupcy of the manufacturer. The Benetti managers were very traditional and used to unwritten business rules among gentlemen—which Kashoggi wasn’t and didn’t care for. He was a tough bargainer and apart from keeping the price as low as possible, he had also insisted on several penalty clauses. After he had demanded a lot of changes during the build, Benetti had to ask for a necessary extension of the production timeframe, but he wouldn’t allow it and instead insist on the contract’s clauses—which were void after his many changing demands, but Benetti were unaware of this. The company never recovered from the losses and was sold to boat dealer Azimut in 1984, who then started to build their own boats on the shipyard, still using the traditional name Benetti. When arms dealer Kashoggi was bankrupt himself in 1987 the “Nabila” was used to pay off a loan to the Sultan of Brunei, who sold the ship to billionaire Donald Trump at a bargain price of $29 million. Trump renamed her “Trump Princess” and had her refitted for $8 million at Amels in Holland. The boat—now with a white hull instead of the original grey painting—was brought to New York and was later partly used as a casino ship in Atlantic City. “The Donald” himself never really had a thing for boats and he is said to never have spent a night on board. He more considered it a prize, a masterpiece “beyond a boat” and when he toured visitors, he boasted about the luxury features, such as the heliport on which he had painted a big “T” instead of the usual “H”. In the	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,921	In which country are the headquarters of the clothing company 'H & M'?	H&M on the Forbes Global 2000 List #86 Innovative Companies (2015) Hennes & Mauritz AB engages in the sale of clothing, accessories, footwear, cosmetics, and home textiles. Its products include accessories, underwear, cosmetics, sportswear, and other apparels for men, women, and kids. It offers its brand through COS, Weekday, Cheap Monday, Monki, and H&M Home. The company was founded by Erling Persson in 1947 and is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden.	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: 12th February–the questions Macclesfield Pub Quiz League SET BY THE LAMB SHANKS Vetted by the Plough Horntails and Ox-Fford ART AND LITERATURE 1 Which poet versified about a “dirty British coaster with a salt-caked smokestack” in the poem Cargoes? (John Masefield) 2 Which modern Poet Laureate was commemorated with a memorial stone in Westminster Abbey in December 2011? (Ted Hughes) 3 Octarine (the colour of magic) is the eighth colour of the spectrum on which world? (The Discworld – as written about by Terry Pratchett) 4 Who (or what) complained “Here I am, brain the size of a planet, and they ask me to take you to the bridge. Call that job satisfaction, 'cause I don't”? (Marvin, the paranoid android, in Douglas Adam’s Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy) 5 What musical instrument of the woodwind family is an aerophone , or reedless wind instrument producing its sound from the flow of air across an opening? (Flute, or piccolo) 6 Who sculpted the version of the Three Graces statue commissioned by John Russell, the 6th Duke of Bedford that is now on display alternately in the National Gallery of Scotland and the Victoria and Albert Museum? (Antonio Canova) 7 Kubla Khan and The Rime of the Ancient Mariner are two of the main works of which poet? (Samuel Taylor Coleridge) 8 Pablo Picasso created which painting in response to the bombing of a Basque town by warplanes from Germany and Italy in 1937. What is the name of the painting? (Guernica) 9 Who are the Samuel Becket characters Vladimir and Estragon waiting for? (Godot – in the play waiting for Godot) 10 The ‘trio’ to March No. 1 in D of the Pomp and Circumstance Military Marches is better known as the music to which song? (Land of Hope and Glory) ‘ELF N’SAFETY (Most questions are taken from the health and safety test labourers on a construction site have to pass. They are mostly Health and Safety related, but the odd one does mention “Elf” as well) 1 Fire extinguishers can contain one of four substances – water, powder, foam and what? (Carbon dioxide – CO2 – accept also Halon or wet chemicals) 2 Which part of your body is most likely to be injured if you lift heavy loads? (Your back) 3 Name one of the two animals that carry Weil’s Disease, also known as Leptospirosis, in their urine? (Rats or Cows) 4 The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act is the primary piece of legislation regulating workplace health, safety and welfare within the United Kingdom. In which decade was it passed into law? (1970s - 1974 ) 5 What is sort of creature is Dobbie in the Harry Potter books and films? (A House Elf – full name required) 6 If someone is injured at work who should record it in the accident book? (The injured person or someone acting for them) 7 Which colour identifies the ‘live’ wire in a modern (new) 240 volt electricity supply? (Brown) 8 Which 1960s car (sister to the Wolseley Hornet) was also a ‘mini with a boot’? (Riley Elf - full make and model required) 9 How are legionella bacteria passed on to humans? (Through fine water droplets such as sprays or mists) 10 What is the early sign of noise damaging your hearing? (Temporary deafness) GEOGRAPHY 1 What is the name of the village near Dorchester, built at the instigation of Prince Charles as a response against “modernist” architectural design? (Poundbury) 2 Which member of the Commonwealth is formed of ten Provinces and three Territories? (Canada) 3 In which range of Irish mountains does the River Liffey rise? (Wicklow Mountains) 4 What is the capital of Burkina Faso? (Ouagadougou) 5 In which English county is most of the Forest of Dean? (Gloucestershire) 6 What colour is a Geography pie in Trivial Pursuits? (Blue) 7 Cape York is the northernmost point of which Commonwealth country? (Australia) 8 Which African country was called Nyasaland until 1964? (Malawi) 9 What country is Budejowice in (pronounced boo day yo vit ze)? (The Czech Republic – it is also known as Budweis) 10 The River Hafren flows out of Wales near Crew Green in Shropshire. What is it called in English? (River Severn) HISTORY 1 What	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,922	The samba originated in which country?	samba_history SAMBA HISTORY \| Dancelovers Dance History Click on any DVD for more information! The history of Samba Samba, an old Brazilian style of dance with many variations, is African in origin. It has been performed as a street dance at carnival, the pre-Lenten celebration, for almost 100 years. Many versions of the Samba (from Baion to Marcha) are danced at the local carnival in Rio. The ballroom Samba or Carioca Samba is derived from the rural "Rocking Samba" and has been known for many years. (The Carioca is a small river that runs through Rio de Janiero - hence the name Carioca refers to the people of Rio.) Today Samba is still very popular in Rio. During carnival time there are "schools of Samba" involving thousands of elaborately-costumed dancers presenting a national theme based on music typical of Brazil and Rio in particular. Before 1914 it was known under a Brazilian name "Maxixe". As early as 1923 an international meeting of professors of dancing took note of the rise of the Samba's popularity, particularly in France. A French dance book published by Paul Boucher in 1928 included Samba instructions. The dance was introduced to United States movie audiences in 1933 when Fred Astaire and Dolores Del Rio danced the Carioca in Flying Down to Rio and several years later, Carmen Miranda danced the Samba in That Night in Rio. A Samba exhibition was given at the November 1938 meeting of the New York Society of Teachers of Dancing. General interest in the Samba was stimulated at the 1939 World's Fair in New York, where Samba music was played at the Brazilian Pavilion. A few years later the Brazilian composer Ary Barroso wrote the classic Samba, "Brasil," which quickly became a hit, and in 1944 he went to Hollywood to write the score for the musical Brazil. Samba has a very specific rhythm, highlighted to its best by characteristic Brazilian musical instruments: originally called tamborim, chocalho, reco-reco and cabaca. Much of Samba music came from daily life in Rio, the first famous example being "Pelo Telefone" composed by Donga. To achieve the true character of the Samba a dancer must give it a happy, flirtatious and exuberant interpretation. Many figures, used in the Samba today, require a pelvic tilt (Samba tic) action. This action is difficult to accomplish, but without it the dance loses much of its effect. Principal characteristics of the Samba are the rapid steps taken on a quarter of a beat and the pronounced rocking motion and sway of the dancing couple. The Samba (also known as the Brazilian Waltz) is now a moderately popular ballroom dance, limited pretty much to experienced ballroom dancers because of its speed. Reprinted with permission of Ron & Rebecca Kellen & Bogie of the Mile High Ballroom of Prescott, AZ Learn About Your Favorite Dance Style's History	Cambodian history Cambodian music history A distinction must be made between "music in Cambodia" and "Cambodian music," for the former embraces all ethnic groups within the national boundaries while the latter is limited to the majority, Cambodians. The northern provinces of Rattanakiri and Mundulkiri include hilly plateaus which are home to the Pnorng (Pnorng), an upland Mon-Khmer speaking group, while in the southwest along the Koulen and Cardamom ranges are found the Kuoy (Kui), Por, Samre, and other upland Mon-Khmer speakers. Their musical expression emphasizes gong ensembles, drum ensembles, and free-reed mouth organs with gourd windchests. In the west, around the great lake (Tonle Sap) live Cham, Chinese, Vietnamese, and other lowland minorities, but the extent to which these groups maintain their traditional musics is not largely known. Cambodian music flourished in both court and village settings, some associated with specific functions, others with entertainment. In villages weddings are celebrated with kar music, communication with spirits is accompanied by arakk music, and entertainments include ayai repartee singing, chrieng chapey narrative, and yike and basakk theaters. At the court, dance, masked play, shadow play, and religious ceremonies are accompanied by the pinn peat ensemble and entertainment is provided by the mohori ensemble. Temples--urban or rural--often possess a pinn peat ensemble as well, but also a korng skor ensemble for funerals. Historical Perspectives Cambodian music reflects both geographical and historical relationships to neighboring cultures. The Indianization of Southeast Asia nearly 2,000 years ago included the area that became Cambodia and deeply influenced lowland peoples, especially the ruling elites. In later periods Chinese, French, Vietnamese, Cham came as well, all leaving their mark. The early ocean port near the Mekong delta known as Oc-Eo and called by later observers a "crossroad of the arts," was the most likely point of infusion. The Cambodians absorbed diverse influences from these peoples--language, concepts, writing systems, literature, religion, art styles, and musical instruments. But the Cambodians absorbed and adopted Indian, Chinese, European and other cultures to suit their own traditions and tastes, resulting in a distinct Cambodian Culture. Travelers from India offered the Cambodians languages, writing systems, the concept of the god-king, literature, styles of art, especially sculpture, Hinduism and Buddhism and their rituals, musical instruments, and likely the concept of cyclical time. The Chinese introduced cuisine, and musical instruments, i.e., two-stringed fiddles and hammered dulcimers, and a theatrical style which the Cambodians adapted into basakk theater. Europeans, especially the French, brought Roman Catholicism, technology, and much musical influence, including notation, classical European music and instruments, and popular music which the Cambodians adapted into the phleng samai (modern music). Overview of Historical Periods Little is known of the pre-historical period, before the coming of Indian traders and missionaries. Upland Mon-Khmer speakers living in the mountains straddling Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos, where Indianization made little penetration, likely preserve the oldest strata of Cambodian culture. Animistic rites require music. The bronze gong ensembles and dancers of the Pnorng in Rattanakiri and Mundulkiri provinces are associated with Kapp Krabey Phoeuk Sra (Buffalo Sacrifice Ritual). Other dances, such as the Kngaok Posatt (Peacock of Pursat) and Tunsong (Wild Ox) preserved by the Por of Pursat and Kampong Chhnaing provinces, likely derived from rituals. Other musical instruments, such as the sneng (free-reed buffalo horn) used on elephant hunting expeditions and the ploy (free-reed mouth organ) with gourd windchest are survivals from the earliest periods. Indianization occurred during the Founan-Chenla period (first to ninth centuries), when the Cambodians juxtaposed prehistoric animistic rituals with those of newly adopted Hi	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,923	The central financial City of London is known as the (What?) Mile?	London's Finance Industry Driving in London London's Finance Industry London has been the financial hub of the United Kingdom and a major trade and business centre since the Middle Ages. Today the city competes with New York City for the status of the world's major financial centre. Other emerging financial centres of the world such as Hong Kong and Shanghai gain ground, but cannot hope to displace London as the world's premier financial city in the near future. English trust laws and strong libel laws attract foreign business. Along with this, the city enjoys a strong advantage thanks to a well-entrenched commercial culture. Businesses may leverage the city's strong networking base and financiers. Business Districts Much of London's finance industry is located at the "Square Mile" or the "City," the long standing business hub of London. The other major financial district is the Canary Wharf area, about four kilometres east of the City. Both these financial districts experience growth but restrictive planning policies within the City make Canary Wharf the first choice for most new firms. It is estimated that the financial services sector employs about 315,200 people within the City. Major Activities Apart from traditional banking activities and insurance, London also thrives as a centre for foreign exchange and bond trading. The city teems with many trading facilities and trading hubs in foreign exchange, futures, global insurance and bonds. The foreign exchange market has a daily global turnover of about 2.5 trillion GBP. London accounts for about 0.73 trillion or 36.5 percent of the pie. The Bank for International Settlements estimates that London generates 0.88 trillion or 46 percent of daily global revenue in the interest-rate derivative market. Major Institutions London has always been the seat of many multinational financial organisations. Some of the major financial institutions currently having their headquarters in London are: Bank of England The Bank of England is the UK's central bank. Established in 1694, this is the second oldest central bank in the world and the model on which central banks of other countries base themselves on. The bank was initially privately owned but nationalised in 1946. The bank sets UK's monetary policy, issues bank notes in England and Wales and regulates the issue of bank notes by commercial banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland. London Stock Exchange Established in 1801, the London Stock Exchange today enjoys a market capitalization of almost US$4 trillion. This makes it the largest stock exchange in Europe and the fourth largest in the world. The Alternative Investment Market, a subset of the London Stock Exchange, is a stock exchange for small firms. This exchange is relatively less regulated and has no requirements for capitalisation or number of shares issued, providing flexibility to small firms. Established in 1995, this exchange has raised about £24 billion for over 2,200 companies. London Bullion Market The London bullion market run by the London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) under the overview of the Bank of England is the world's largest market for the wholesale trading in gold and silver. It finds patronage from almost all major international banks, bullion dealers and refiners all over the world. The average daily turnover is about 18.3 million ounces of gold and 107.6 million ounces of silver. Lloyd's of London Lloyds Banking Group is a financial conglomerate traditionally known for its insurance services but also offer retail banking, pensions, insurances and other private services. It has revenues of about £43.5 billion. HSBC The London headquarters of HSBC controls its sprawling network of 7500 strong offices spread across 87 countries. The bank offers personal financial services, commercial banking and private banking on a global scale. The present entity was established in 1991 but its roots trace to the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation established in 1865. Barclays Barclays ranks in the list of top ten financial institution of the world. It offe	Liverpool's Historic Rail Tunnels - Liverpool - LocalWiki Liverpool's Historic Rail Tunnels Liverpool's Historic Rail Tunnels Victoria/Waterloo Tunnel to the left with Byrom Street Cutting - Lime Street Tunnel centre - Wapping Tunnel to the right. The Victoria/Waterloo and Wapping Tunnels are awaiting recommission. Liverpool was a pioneer in railways with the earliest examples of the world's first innovative rail infrastructure found in the city. There are spurious claims from around the world of first in rail tunnels. Americans claim the oldest tunnel under streets is the Atlantic Avenue tunnel of 1844, in New York - sealed up in 1861 it was forgotten until rediscovered in 1980. London claim the Brunel tunnel under the River Thames. The Liverpool tunnels pre-date any tunnel in New York or London. A proposed scheme to reuse the disused tunnels: Extending Rapid Transit Merseyrail Edge Hill Junction Edge Hill Junction and tunnels. Located east of of Liverpool's city centre, Edge Hill is situated at the top of an escarpment that rises from the River Mersey. The land flattens out at this point. In 1829, the Liverpool to Manchester passenger railway entered from Manchester in the east, with the passenger terminal located at Crown Street, Edge Hill. In order to transport goods to and from Liverpool docks, the 1.26 mile Wapping Tunnel was bored under Liverpool to the South End Docks. Seven years later in 1836, a 1.07 mile tunnel was bored from Edge Hill to Lime Street in Liverpool's city centre. Twelve years after the Lime Street tunnel was bored in 1848, the 2.07 mile Victoria/Waterloo Tunnel was bored under Liverpool's city centre to the north end docks. Edge Hill became a major junction, sidings and goods terminal. Three major tunnels fanned out west from Edge Hill. To access the Crown Street station site, just west of the Edge Hill junction, a deep long cutting was cut out of solid rock. The cutting is also known as the Cavendish Cutting. At the western end of this cutting two tunnels were bored. One short tunnel to Crown Street Station,known as the Crown Street Stephenson Tunnel, and the other the long 1.26 mile long Wapping Tunnel, running to the South End Docks. Edge Hill Junction Map Edge Hill Junction & Crown Street Freight Yard outlined in red. In blue, the 1829 single track Stephenson Tunnel terminated at Crown Street. The world's first passenger station was at the end of the 1829 tunnel. In green, the Wapping tunnel to Kings Dock runs below the Crown Street station. In blue, the 1846 two track tunnel for extra freight lines to Crown Street, is shorter than the 1829 tunnel. The cutting is deep. The Moorish Arch was between Chatsworth Dr and the three tunnel heads in the cutting. The Moorish Arch location was adjacent to the first Edge Hill station in the deep cutting. The steam winding engines were in side rooms in the cutting near the Moorish arch. The 50 yard long two track 1836 tunnel to Lime Street is in green at Edge Hill Station. The open Lime Street cutting can be seen running away to the north west from the 1836 tunnel. In green, the Waterloo Tunnel's portal is north of Edge Hill station. The tunnel terminates at Waterloo Dock. Crown Street Stephenson Tunnel - 1829 Edge Hill Cutting and Edge Hill Station,1830 Edge Hill cutting - 291 yards Crown Street Stephenson tunnel right, 1.26 mile Wapping Tunnel in the middle. To the left the short 1846 Crown Street tunnel Running to Crown Street Station, 1829. Built by George Stephenson, a single track tunnel 291 yards long was bored from the deep cutting at the Edge Hill junction to Crown Street, to serve the world's first passenger railway station. However the tunnel is: The dilapidated state of the Cutting today. The left 1846 tunnel is used for parking trains. The others tunnels are disused. The dilapidated state of the Cutting from the air. Looking from the east The 1846 Tunnel at the bottom - looking from the west. The cutting is at the top. The oldest rail tunnel in the world running under streets. The second oldest rail tunnel in the world after	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,924	What sort of fish is an 'Arbroath Smokie'?	A Smokie? \| Arbroath Smokies Gordon Ramsay Chef, restaurateur, author & presenter It has a rich creaminess and moisture, and fresh like that is undoubtedly the best way to eat Smokies. Martin Wishart …eye-opening, a revelation in taste and texture Nigel Slater Cook, food writer, author & presenter That flavour was just so immense… A delight to eat your food… This man is creating a whole new culinary education. Gary Rhodes Chef, restaurateur, author & presenter The moist warm flesh is divine. It is one of the best fish I have ever tasted. Sue Lawrence Simply some of the most delicious fish I’ve ever had. Nice one, Iain. Jamie Oliver So much you can do with a SmokieRecipes What Is A ‘Smokie?’ Arbroath Smokies originated in Auchmithie, a small fishing village a few miles north of Arbroath, once populated with fisher folk of Scandinavian origin; ‘Spink’ is a Norse surname. Iain uses the same methods that were used in the late 1800’s, as shown in the Fraser Collection photos . The fishwives originally smoked the fish in halved barrels with fires underneath, trapping the smoke under layers of hessian sacking. At the start of the 20th century the first Auchmithie fisher-folk began moving to Arbroath , and the process soon became known as the Arbroath Smokie, as we know it today. Only haddock can be used to produce an authentic ‘Arbroath Smokie.’ The fish are gutted at sea, washed and boxed ready for auction at the fish market. Once back in the fish house, they are headed and cleaned, or ‘sounded.’ They are then dry salted in tubs for a given period. This helps to draw excess moisture from the fish and toughens the skin in preparation for the smoking process. The length of salting time depends on the size of the fish and how fresh they are (amongst other factors). After salting, they are thoroughly washed off, then tied by the tail in ‘pairs’ and hung on sticks. The smokie pit is then prepared. A hole is dug in the ground, and a half whisky barrel is set into it. The base of the barrel is lined with slates to protect it, and a hardwood fire of beech and oak is lit inside. The sticks of fish are then placed over the pit and the hessian cover allows the fire to breathe and maintain the required heat. The number of layers and dampening of the ‘cloots’ depends on the weather, and may be adjusted throughout the smoking to prevent the fish either smoking too quickly and burning, or smoking too slowly and drying out. The cooking time is usually a minimum of 30–40 minutes but only an experienced smokie maker knows exactly when they are ready. The resultant golden brown fish, eaten straight from the barrel is a truly mouth-watering experience that has to be tasted to be believed! Some Smokie afficionados have even been moved to write poetry... A Few Of Our Awards BBC Radio 4 Food Producer of the Year 2006 Country Living/Sainsbury’s ‘Taste Of Britain’ Gold Award 2007	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,925	Which artist did Valerie Solanis attempt to murder in 'The Factory'?	Andy Warhol Shot by Factory Actress Valerie Solanas \| Village Voice Andy Warhol Shot by Factory Actress Valerie Solanas Remember Me Or sign in with a social account: FACEBOOK GOOGLE + TWITTER YAHOO! Don't have an account yet? Sign Up › Connect. Discover. Share. Get the most out of your experience with a personalized all-access pass to everything local on events, music, restaurants, news and more. Enter your email or sign up with a social account to get started FACEBOOK TWITTER GOOGLE+ YAHOO! Don't have an account yet? Sign Up › Andy Warhol Shot by Factory Actress Valerie Solanas Tuesday, May 4, 2010 at 6 a.m. Clip Job: an excerpt every day from the Voice archives. June 6, 1968, Vol. XIII, No. 34 The Shot That Shattered The Velvet Underground by Howard Smith It was an ordinary afternoon at The Factory, the huge, new loft on the north side of Union Square which is the center of the Warhol scene. Sun came in the windows and gleamed off the mirror-topped desks. Paul Morrissey, Warhol's executive producer, and Fred Hughes, an assistant, sat around talking with Mario Amaya, a visiting art magazine editor from London. Suddenly the elevator doors opened and Andy Warhol walked into the loft with Valerie Solanis, a sometime write and super-woman-power advocate who had appeared in his film, "I, a Man." She had come by The Factory earlier in the afternoon looking for Warhol, and had waited for him outside in front of the building for three hours. They walked over to talk with Morrissey, Hughes, and Amaya. It was typical Factory small talk, Hughes recalled. "You still writing dirty books, Valerie?" he asked. Upcoming Events Tickets Mon., Jan. 23, 7:00pm Hughes wandered off, and Morrissey took off to the bathroom. Then the telephone rang, and Warhol went to answer it. While he spoke with Viva, the reigning superstar, Valerie Solanis pulled a .32 automatic out of the pocket of her trench coat. Warhol turned and saw the gun. "Valerie," he yelled. "Don't do it! No! No!" She fired three shots, and Warhol fell to the floor. Then she turned on Amaya, and shot him in the hip. Amaya fled to a back room in the loft and crashed through a door, breaking the latch with the impact. She pursued him, and tried to force the door open while Amaya held it closed with his body. Morrissey, meanwhile had heard the shots and ran to watch her through the small projection window. She then turned and walked back to Hughes who, terrified, begged her not to shoot. "I have to shoot you," she told him. Hughes fell to his knees, pleading "You can't. I'm innocent." Just as she seemed about to shoot, the elevator doors opened again and distracted her. "She was very confused, very agitated," Hughes recalled. She turned back, pointing the gun at Hughes, who was still on his knees, pleading for his life, and then Valerie Solanis darted on the empty elevator and disappeared. Hughes called the police and an ambulance. Warhol lay on the floor, he said, still conscious and bleeding only slightly, but obviously in great pain. He seemed delirious, and cried "I can't! I can't!" Then photographer Billy Name came into the loft, saw Warhol, and went to him. Warhol heard him cry, but mistook it for laughter. "Billy," he said softly, "don't laugh. Don't make me laugh." The police arrived, and finally the ambulance, and Warhol was taken to Columbia Hospital. "They thought he was dead at first," Morrissey said. But Warhol was alive, and was rushed to surgery, where a four-man team of doctors fought for five and a half hours to save him. Tuesday his condition was still listed as critical, and doctors gave him a 50-50 chance to live. While the doctors operated, friends, press, and superstars jammed the tiny lobby of the hospital. The press was voracious; the superstars responsive. In one corner Leo Castelli and Ivan Karp were being interviewed; in another, Viva and Gerard Malanga were being set up for photographs. Later, Warhol's mother, a tiny old woman wearing a babushka, was brought weeping out of the back room. Malanga and Viva went to comfort her, and a hospital attendant brought	Orpheus in the Underworld Orpheus in the Underworld Orpheus in the Underworld (DVD) Orpheus in the Underworld (in French: 'Orphée aux enfers') is an operetta in two acts by Jacques Offenbach. The original French text was by Meilhac and Halévy, and the first production took place in Paris in 1858. It is famous for the good plot and the far more famous music. Outside classical circles, the Infernal Galop from Act II, Scene 2 is widely recognized as the music for the "Can-can". Synopsis Note: Orpheus in the Underworld exists in several forms: Offenbach originally wrote it in a two-act form, then expanded it to four acts with a great deal of filler material, ballets, and such like when it proved popular. The English translations are in a far more confusing state, as several add numbers from other operas, a major translation replaces Public Opinion with Orpheus' mother, and so on. This article lists only songs in the original two-act version (the four-act version is performed rarely and has the same plot), using the names given to them by the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company's 1994 CD. An additional song included on that CD from the four-act version ("A skip, a hop") is ignored for consistency. Act I, Scene 1: Near Thebes We open with a melodrama (Introduction and Melodrame) in which Public Opinion explains who she is, setting herself up as the guardian of morality. She seeks to rework Orpheus and Eurydice - who hate each other - into a moral tale for the ages. However, she has her work cut out for her: Eurydice is in love with the shepherd, Aristaeus, who lives next door ("Ah when a woman's heart is yearning"), and Orpheus is in love with Chloë, a shepherdess. When Orpheus mistakes Eurydice for her, everything comes out, and Eurydice insists they break the marriage off ("So you confess?"). However Orpheus, fearing Public Opinion's reaction, torments her into keeping the scandal quiet using violin music, which she hates. We now meet Aristaeus (who is, in fact, Pluto) keeping up his disguise by singing a pastoral song about those awful sheep ("Hail! My name's Aristaeus"). Since Pluto was originally played by a famous female impersonator, this song contains numerous falsetto notes. Eurydice, however, has discovered what she thinks is a plot by Orpheus to kill Aristaeus, but is in fact a conspiracy between him and Pluto to kill her, so Pluto may have her. Pluto tricks her into walking into the trap by showing immunity to it, and, as she dies, transforms into his true form (Transformation Scene) Eurydice finds that death is not so bad when the God of Death is in love with you ("I thought that death would be more painful"), and so keeps coming back for one more verse. They descend into the Underworld as soon as Eurydice has left a note telling her husband she has been unavoidably detained (Descent to the Underworld). All seems to be going well for Orpheus until Public Opinion catches up with him, and threatens to ruin his violin teaching career unless he goes to rescue his wife. Orpheus reluctantly agrees ("Come, come, come"). Act I, Scene 2: Olympus The scene changes to Olympus, where the Gods sleep out of boredom ("We're fast asleep"). Things look a bit more interesting for them when Diana returns and begins gossiping about Actaeon , her current love ("When I go riding"). However, Jupiter , shocked at the behaviour of the supposedly virgin goddess, has turned Actaeon into a stag. Pluto then arrives, and reveals to the other gods the pleasures of Hell (Entrance of Pluto), leading them to revolt against horrid ambrosia, hideous nectar, and the sheer boredom of Olympus ("To arms, you gods and demi-gods"). Jupiter's demands to know what is going on lead them to point out his hypocrisy at great length, describing - and poking fun of - all his mythological affairs ("When you seduced the fair Alcmena"). However, little further progress can be made before news of Orpheus' arrival forces the gods to get onto their best behaviour (Finale, Act I). Pluto is worried he will be forced to give Eurydice back, and, after a quotation from Gluck's Orfeo	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,926	Hatha, Bikram, and Integral are all types of what?	20 Most Popular Types of Yoga Explained Concisely By Ann Pizer - Reviewed by a board-certified physician. Updated October 06, 2016 One of the biggest hurdles to starting yoga is figuring out what kind you want to do. It's confusing because there are quite a wide variety of options available. Although almost all of them are based around the same physical postures, each has a particular unique emphasis. This cheat sheet highlights the differences so you can figure out what type is most appealing to you and get started now. To learn more, click though to a full length article on each style. Hatha Hatha is a very general term that can encompass any of the physical kinds of yoga. In contemporary yoga lingo, hatha has come to mean a slow-paced and gentle way of practicing. Hatha class can be a good place to begin a yoga practice because in provides an introduction to the basic yoga poses in a low key setting. Vinyasa Flow Like hatha, vinyasa is a general term that is used to describe many different types of classes. Vinyasa, tends to be a more vigorous style based on the performance of a series of poses called sun salutations , in which movement is matched to the breath. A vinyasa class will typically start with a number of sun salutations to warm up the body for more intense stretching that's done at the end of class. Vinyasa is also called flow, in reference to the continuous movement from one posture the next. Anusara Founded in 1997 by John Friend, Anusara combines a strong emphasis on physical alignment with a positive philosophy based on a belief in the intrinsic goodness of all beings. Classes are usually light-hearted and accessible, often with a focus on heart opening. As of 2012, Friend is no longer associated with Anusara following nearly a year of turmoil within the yoga system he founded over his personal indiscretions. Anusara is now a teacher-led yoga school and Friend has started a new yoga style called Sridaiva (see below). Ashtanga Ashtanga is a fast-paced, intense, flowing style of yoga founded by Pattabhi Jois in the 1960s. A set series of poses is performed, always in the same order. This practice is very physically demanding because of the constant movement from one pose to the next and the emphasis on daily practice. It was one of the first yoga styles embraced by a large number of western students and had been very influential in the evolution of yoga in the past 30 years. Baptiste Power Vinyasa Baron Baptiste is a power yoga innovator who studies many different styles of yoga, martial arts, and meditation before coming up with his own unique way of teaching yoga. His style is based on "5 Pilllars": vinyasa, ujjayi pranayama , heat, uddiyana bandha , and drishti . Classes, which are conducted in a heated room, are typically strong and sweaty. Bikram / Hot Yoga Hot yoga was pioneered by Bikram Choudhury, whose name became synonymous with yoga classes taught in a room heated to 95 to 100 degrees. The heat allows for the loosening of tight muscles and profuse sweating, which is thought to be cleansing. The Bikram method is a set series of 26 poses, but not all hot classes make use of this series. Iyengar Based on the teachings of the yoga master B.K.S Iyengar, this style of practice is all about bringing the body into its best possible alignment, often using props such as yoga blankets, blocks, and straps to assist students as necessary. Iyengar practice usually emphasizes holding poses over longer periods of time instead of moving quickly from one pose to the next (as in a flow class). Iyengar has been very important in the development of modern yoga asana . Jivamukti This style of yoga emerged in the 1980s from one of New York City’s best-known yoga studios. Jivamukti founders David Life and Sharon Gannon were influenced by the rigor of Ashtanga yoga (see above), in combination with chanting, meditation, and spiritual teachings. They have trained many teachers who have brought this style of yoga to studios and gyms, predominantly in the U.S. and Europe. Jivamukti classes are physically intense	TED Talks \| TED.com TED Talks 2300+ talks to stir your curiosity Find just the right one Browse all talks Subscribe to receive email notifications whenever new talks are published. Daily Please enter an email address. Please enter a valid email address. Did you mean ? Please check Daily or Weekly and try again. Please check your details and try again. Please check your details and try again. Sorry, we're currently having trouble processing new newsletter signups. Please try again later. Thanks! Please check your inbox for a confirmation email. If you want to get even more from TED, like the ability to save talks to watch later, sign up for a TED account now .	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,927	Whose assassination on 28 June 1914 sparked the war?	Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated - Jun 28, 1914 - HISTORY.com Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated Publisher A+E Networks In an event that is widely acknowledged to have sparked the outbreak of World War I, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, nephew of Emperor Franz Josef and heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, is shot to death along with his wife by a Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on this day in 1914. The great Prussian statesman Otto von Bismarck, the man most responsible for the unification of Germany in 1871, was quoted as saying at the end of his life that “One day the great European War will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans.” It went as he predicted. The archduke traveled to Sarajevo in June 1914 to inspect the imperial armed forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina, former Ottoman territories in the turbulent Balkan region that were annexed by Austria-Hungary in 1908 to the indignation of Serbian nationalists, who believed they should become part of the newly independent and ambitious Serbian nation. The date scheduled for his visit, June 28, coincided with the anniversary of the First Battle of Kosovo in 1389, in which medieval Serbia was defeated by the Turks. Despite the fact that Serbia did not truly lose its independence until the Second Battle of Kosovo in 1448, June 28 was a day of great significance to Serbian nationalists, and one on which they could be expected to take exception to a demonstration of Austrian imperial strength in Bosnia. June 28 was also Franz Ferdinand’s wedding anniversary. His beloved wife, Sophie, a former lady-in-waiting, was denied royal status in Austria due to her birth as a poor Czech aristocrat, as were the couple’s children. In Bosnia, however, due to its limbo status as an annexed territory, Sophie could appear beside him at official proceedings. On June 28, 1914, then, Franz Ferdinand and Sophie were touring Sarajevo in an open car, with surprisingly little security, when Serbian nationalist Nedjelko Cabrinovic threw a bomb at their car; it rolled off the back of the vehicle and wounded an officer and some bystanders. Later that day, on the way to visit the injured officer, the archduke’s procession took a wrong turn at the junction of Appel quay and Franzjosefstrasse, where one of Cabrinovic’s cohorts, 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip, happened to be loitering. Seeing his opportunity, Princip fired into the car, shooting Franz Ferdinand and Sophie at point-blank range. Princip then turned the gun on himself, but was prevented from shooting it by a bystander who threw himself upon the young assassin. A mob of angry onlookers attacked Princip, who fought back and was subsequently wrestled away by the police. Meanwhile, Franz Ferdinand and Sophie lay fatally wounded in their limousine as it rushed to seek help; they both died within the hour. The assassination of Franz-Ferdinand and Sophie set off a rapid chain of events: Austria-Hungary, like many in countries around the world, blamed the Serbian government for the attack and hoped to use the incident as justification for settling the question of Slav nationalism once and for all. As Russia supported Serbia, an Austro-Hungarian declaration of war was delayed until its leaders received assurances from German leader Kaiser Wilhelm that Germany would support their cause in the event of a Russian intervention–which would likely involve Russia’s ally, France, and possibly Britain as well. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, and the tenuous peace between Europe’s great powers collapsed. Within a week, Russia, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Serbia had lined up against Austria-Hungary and Germany, and World War I had begun. Related Videos	Sarajevo, June 28, 1914 Sarajevo, June 28, 1914 The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Micheal Shackelford Note on Slavic spelling: Due to the current limitations of HTML, certain Slavic characters can not be reproduced. I have chosen to use the same letters, but without the diacritical marks, rather than translitterating. Cabrinovic, for instance, will be spelled as is, and not rendered as Chabrinovitj, or Chabrinovitch. Accurate orthography accompanies the map shown below Background Events Leading Up to Murder Bosnia and Herzegovina were provinces just south of Austria which had, until 1878, been governed by the Turks. The Treaty of Berlin (1878) settled the disposition of lands lost by the Turks following their disastrous war with Russia. Austria was granted the power to administer the two provinces indefinitely. Bosnia was populated primarily by three groups -- Croats (Roman Catholic), ethnic Serbs (Serb-Orthodox) and Muslims (left from the days of Turkish rule). There is no ethnic group: Bosnians. Many Bosnian-Serbs felt a strong nationalistic desire to have their province joined with that of their Serb brothers across the river in Serbia. Many in Serbia openly shared that desire. The Annexation On October 6, 1908, Austria annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina directly into the Austro-Hungarian empire. The reasons were complex. Annexation would remove any hopes Turkey might have for reclaiming the provinces. Full inclusion into the empire would give Bosnians full rights and privileges. It may have been an act of will by the Austrians, just to show that they were still an active, sovereign power. For whatever reason, the annexation caused quite a stir in Europe. The move was not exactly legal. Russia, particularly, was upset, even though the Russians had earlier given their consent to the annexation. (Austria was supposed to help Russia in the Dardanelles first) After Austria payed Turkey a cash settlement, most of Europe calmed down. The Serbs, however, did not. They coveted the provinces for their own Serb empire. The Black Hand A secret society called Ujedinjenje ili Smrt, ('Union or Death') was founded in Belgrade, an outgrowth of an older Serb nationalist group: Narodna Odbrana . The Black Hand took over the older group's work of anti-Austrian propaganda within Serbia, sabotage, espionage and political murders abroad -- especially in provinces Serbia wished to annex. The group included many government officials, professionals and army officers. When it was learned that the Heir-Apparent to the Austrian throne, Franz Ferdinand, was scheduled to visit Sarajevo in June of 1914, the Black Hand decided to assassinate him. Three young Bosnians were recruited, trained and equipped: Gavrilo Princip, Nedjelko Cabrinovic and Trifko Grabez. The Serbian Government Because of its many government and army members, the Black Hand's activities were fairly well known to the Serbian government. When Prime Minister Pasic learned of the assassination plot, he had a difficult problem on his hands. If he did nothing, and the plot succeeded the Black Hand's involvement would surely come to light. The tangled connections between the Black Hand and the Serbian government would put Serbia in a very bad position. It could even bring on war with Austria. Should he warn the Austrians of the plot, he would be seen as a traitor by his countrymen. He would also be admitting to deeper knowledge of anti-Austrian actions in Serbia. A weak attempt was made to intercept the assassins at the border. When that failed, Pasic decided that he would try to warn the Austrians in carefully vague diplomatic ways that would not expose the Black Hand. The Warning The Serbian Minister to Vienna, Jovan Jovanovic, was given the task of warning the Austrians. Because of his extremist, pan-Serb views, Jovanovich was not well received in Austrian Foreign Ministry offices. He did, however, get along better with the Minister of Finance, Dr. Leon von Bilinski. On June 5, Jovanovic told Bilinski, that it might be good and reasonable if Franz Ferdinand were to not	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,928	What name is given to the sequence of numbers that begins 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13?	Fibonacci Sequence Fibonacci Sequence The Fibonacci Sequence is the series of numbers: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ... The next number is found by adding up the two numbers before it. The 2 is found by adding the two numbers before it (1+1) The 3 is found by adding the two numbers before it (1+2), And the 5 is (2+3), and so on! Example: the next number in the sequence above is 21+34 = 55 It is that simple! Here is a longer list: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987, 1597, 2584, 4181, 6765, 10946, 17711, 28657, 46368, 75025, 121393, 196418, 317811, ... Can you figure out the next few numbers? Makes A Spiral When we make squares with those widths, we get a nice spiral: Do you see how the squares fit neatly together? For example 5 and 8 make 13, 8 and 13 make 21, and so on. The Rule The Fibonacci Sequence can be written as a "Rule" (see Sequences and Series ). First, the terms are numbered from 0 onwards like this: n = 8 ... (Prove to yourself that each number is found by adding up the two numbers before it!) In fact the sequence below zero has the same numbers as the sequence above zero, except they follow a +-+- ... pattern. It can be written like this: x−n = (−1)n+1 xn Which says that term "-n" is equal to (−1)n+1 times term "n", and the value (−1)n+1 neatly makes the correct 1,-1,1,-1,... pattern. History Fibonacci was not the first to know about the sequence, it was known in India hundreds of years before! About Fibonacci The Man His real name was Leonardo Pisano Bogollo, and he lived between 1170 and 1250 in Italy. "Fibonacci" was his nickname, which roughly means "Son of Bonacci". As well as being famous for the Fibonacci Sequence, he helped spread Hindu-Arabic Numerals (like our present numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) through Europe in place of Roman Numerals (I, II, III, IV, V, etc). That has saved us all a lot of trouble! Thank you Leonardo. Fibonacci Day Fibonacci Day is November 23rd, as it has the digits "1, 1, 2, 3" which is part of the sequence. So next Nov 23 let everyone know!	Round One Jeopardy Template The name of Dr. Sieuss's egg-hatching elephant 100 Well-known Tasmanian-born leading lady who launched her entertainment career under the name of Queenie O'Brien. 100 What is the kitchen? Room in the average American home that is the scene of the greatest number of arguments. 100 The distance between bases on a little league baseball field. 100 The part of the brain that regulates physiological stability. 200 Clark Kent's high school sweetheart 200 Yves Montand was born in this country. 200 What is Truth or Consequences? Current name of the town that was formerly Hot Springs, New Mexico, that was re-named in 1960 by its citizens in honor of a popular radio show. 200 First sport in which women were invited to compete at the Olympics. 200 What is Les Miserables, by Victor Hugo, with 823 words Novel containing the longest sentence in literature 300 What are George and Michael? Brummel was George Geste was Michael The real names of Beau Brummel and Beau Geste. 300 What are Patience and Fortitude? (Names were given by Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia.) Names of the two landmark stone lions sitting in front of the New York Public Libaray at Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street in New York City. 300 What is bicycle moto x (cross)? In cross-country bike racing, what the initials BMX stand for. 300 What are hiccups? DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!! Term for a series of uncontrollable intakes of air caused by sudden spasms of the diaphragm. 400 What is The Little Engine That Could? Famous book that begins: "Chug, chug, chug. Puff, puff, puff." 400 Who is Peter Lorre? Famous actor who prepared for a career in psychiatry - studying and working with pioneer psychoanalysts Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler - before he turned to performing. 400 What are six months? Time - in months - the average American motorist spends during his lifetime waiting for red lights to turn green. 400 Who is Jackie Robinson? (He later gained national fame playing professional baseball.) In 1939, the famous American athlete who starred on UCLA's undefeated football team and was the top scorer in the Pacific Coast Conference for basketball. 400 What is the retina?	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,929	Qualcomm stadium is the home to what NFL team?	Qualcomm Stadium Seating Chart, Pictures, Directions, and History - San Diego Chargers - ESPN Directions HISTORY: The second-oldest stadium in the NFL (only Lambeau Field, built in 1957, is older), Qualcomm has served as home to the Chargers from its first year in 1967 and the Padres since 1969, until the Padres moved into a new stadium in 2004. The former Jack Murphy Stadium, "The Murph," originally built to a capacity of 52,000 at a cost of $27 million, is notable for the ring of honor and banners of all 32 NFL teams. In 1997, Qualcomm was expanded by 11,500 seats, a club level, 37 new suites and a new west-end Jumbotron screen. With 19,000 parking spaces, Qualcomm's lot is the second-largest in the NFL. The expansion marked the second renovation at the stadium, the first coming in 1984. The stadium has hosted three Super Bowls -- XXII, XXXII and XXXVII. -- Information from the San Diego Chargers media guide was used in this overview SEATING NOTES: The seats located in the first 8 rows of the Field Level section may potentially have an obstructed view. Lower View seating includes Rows 1 to 4. View and Endzone View seating includes Row A followed by Rows 5 to 26. End Zone View Sections 54 to 58, Rows 5 to 26, are alcohol-free family seating areas. All tickets not specified by section name by the seller may map to a less premium section. Tickets for this venue should not be listed by section number only. Kids: Anyone who stands 36 inches in height or children older than 2 years of age require a game ticket. General: Qualcomm Stadium is a smoke-free facility. Food in a small, plastic bag and factory-sealed plastic water bottles half-liter or 17 ounces or less (limit two per person) are allowed into the stadium. Bottles, cans, coolers and bags larger than 12x12x12 are prohibited from entering the stadium. All items are subject to search or may not be admitted. Fans leaving the stadium before or during the game will not be allowed to re-enter. All purses and carried clothing are subject to search at the stadium entrances. There is no check-in area for coolers and other personal items. Enhanced security and search procedures at the gates will cause delays for fans entering the stadium. Fans should plan to arrive early. Address: Consult the Chargers team website for complete directions. Parking: The parking lot opens four hours prior to kickoff and closes two hours after the conclusion of the game. Tailgating remains one of the great traditions at Chargers games. See the team website for additional parking details. Transportation: Parking at Qualcomm Stadium can be expected to reach capacity two hours before kickoff. Consider taking public transportation. Qualcomm Stadium is accessible on the MTS Trolley's Green Line; purchase a $5 Day Pass at ticket vending machines before boarding. For more information on San Diego public transportation, visit the Metro Transit System website . SPONSORED HEADLINES	O.J. Simpson \| American football player \| Britannica.com American football player Alternative Title: Orenthal James Simpson O.J. Simpson Jerry Rice O.J. Simpson, in full Orenthal James Simpson (born July 9, 1947, San Francisco , Calif., U.S.), American collegiate and professional gridiron football player who was a premier running back known for his speed and elusiveness. His trial on murder charges in 1995 was one of the most celebrated criminal trials in American history. O.J. Simpson, 1975. © Osterreicher/Black Star Simpson played football at Galileo High School in San Francisco, first as a tackle and then as a fullback. He attended San Francisco City College (1965–66) to achieve a scholastic record that allowed him to play at the University of Southern California (USC), where he set team records for yards gained by rushing: 1967, 1,415 yards; 1968, 1,709 yards. He was named All-American (1967–68), played in two Rose Bowl games, and won the Heisman Trophy as the best collegiate player of the season (1968). At USC he was also a member of a world-record-setting 440-yard relay team. Simpson, who was often called “Juice” because of his energetic runs and because his initials could stand for “orange juice,” was the number one draft choice of the American Football League (AFL) Buffalo Bills in 1969. The following year the AFL merged with the National Football League (NFL). The Bills were members of the American Football Conference (AFC) of the NFL when Simpson set a single-season record for yards gained rushing (2,003) in 1973. The Bills were never a contending team during his stay, but he was a great box-office draw. Injuries to his knees prompted the Bills to trade him in 1978 to the San Francisco 49ers , but he retired after the 1979 season. His 1975 record of most touchdowns scored in a season (23) stood until 1983, and his 1973 season rushing record for most yards gained lasted until 1984, when it was broken by Eric Dickerson . Simpson led the AFC in rushing yardage four times (1972–73, 1975–76). His career total yards gained (11,236) was second in the all-time rankings at the time of his retirement. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985. After retiring from football, Simpson became a film and television actor and sports commentator. On June 12, 1994, his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman were stabbed to death outside her home in Los Angeles . Simpson was arrested and charged with the two murders on June 17; he pleaded not guilty and hired a team of prominent lawyers to handle his defense. His lengthy nationally televised trial became the focus of unprecedented media scrutiny. A jury acquitted Simpson of the murder charges on Oct. 3, 1995. In a separate civil trial decision in 1997, he was found liable for the deaths of his ex-wife and Goldman and was ordered to pay $33.5 million in damages to the families. Simpson later collaborated (with Pablo F. Fenjves) on If I Did It, in which he hypothesized about how he would have committed the murders. Public outrage prevented its initial publication in 2006, but a bankruptcy court subsequently awarded the book’s rights to the Goldman family, who released the work in 2007. O.J. Simpson (centre) and his attorneys F. Lee Bailey (left) and Johnnie Cochran reacting to the … Myung J. Chun—Pool/AP	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,930	Australian born Laura Robson is associated with which sport?	Australian Open 2014: Laura Robson & Heather Watson beaten - BBC Sport BBC Sport Australian Open 2014: Laura Robson & Heather Watson beaten By Piers Newbery BBC Sport at Melbourne Park 13 Jan 2014 13-26 January Coverage: Daily live radio and text coverage on BBC Radio 5 live, BBC Sport website, mobiles and BBC Sport app; Watch the finals live on BBC TV Laura Robson and Heather Watson were beaten as British interest in the women's singles ended swiftly at the Australian Open. Both players took on higher-ranked opposition in the first round, but the manner of their defeats differed sharply. Robson spent just 50 minutes on court in a 6-3 6-0 thrashing by 18th seed Kirsten Flipkens - the Briton's first full match of the season following a wrist injury. Analysis This was a hugely dispiriting defeat for Laura Robson, who says her left wrist will need further treatment before her next tournament in Paris in two weeks' time. The British number one was horribly rusty and made 32 unforced errors in just 50 minutes: a legacy of playing her first full match since early October. Heather Watson will be very frustrated to have lost a tight first-round match after battling through three rounds of qualifying, but she looks like her pre-glandular fever self, and in time should be confident of returning to the world's top 50. Watson, in contrast, kept 31st seed Daniela Hantuchova occupied for two hours and 34 minutes before going down 7-5 3-6 6-3 to the Slovakian. With both Robson and Watson scheduled among the opening matches, it took less than three hours for Andy Murray to be left as the lone Briton in singles competition. Robson, who turns 20 next week, arrived in Melbourne with a wrist injury but said before the match that it was no longer causing her any pain. A lack of match sharpness was certainly clear from the outset on Court Three, as she opened with four straight errors to drop serve and lost the first nine points in a row. There was a big cheer for the Australian-born Robson when she finally got on the board but Flipkens, a Wimbledon semi-finalist last year, was much the stronger. Robson simply could not find her range and racked up 32 errors to her opponent's four as she lost eight straight games and became the first player to go out of the tournament. "It was up and down the whole time, and I don't think I ever really got into a rhythm at all," said Robson. "I wasn't really able to deal with her slice that well. It just didn't go well. I definitely expected to play better, but it happens. "And I didn't really have any expectations going in because I didn't know what it was going to be like out there." While Robson trooped unhappily back to the locker room, Watson was only just getting going on the nearby Court Two against Hantuchova. The 21-year-old from Guernsey, who came through three rounds of qualifying, recovered an early break in the first set but double-faulted facing a fourth break point at 5-5, and smacked her racquet in frustration. Hantuchova's heavier, flatter hitting had just given her the edge in the first set but Watson began to step in and attack the returns in the second, breaking twice to force a decider. Fighting spirit is rarely in short supply where Watson is concerned and she battled back from 0-40 in her first service game, before recovering from 4-1 down to trail 4-3. She had spent most of the match trying to keep pace with Hantuchova, however, and the pressure ultimately told when the Briton was broken for a fifth and decisive time. "I felt I was close throughout the match," said Watson. Media playback is not supported on this device Australian Open 2014: Heather Watson positive despite first round defeat "I started slow in the third set - I should have got up while she went to the bathroom [before the final set] and kept moving - but I had plenty of chances and didn't take them." Watson is ranked 121st after suffering with glandular fever in 2013, and she will slip further after failing to match last year's run to the third round in Melbourne. "I feel like it's an opportunity lost for me," she added	Sri Lankan cricket players shot in terrorist attack in Lahore - Cricket - Sport Sri Lankan cricket players shot in terrorist attack in Lahore Frame grabs from television of one of the wounded and, bottom, the gunmen. Among the injured were, from left centre, Kumar Sangakkara, skipper Mahela Jayawardene, Thilan Samaraweera and Chaminda Vaas. Other related coverage Bullets, blood and a quick-thinking bus driver March 3, 2009 At least six players in the Sri Lankan national cricket team were hurt by shrapnel when masked gunmen fired on the team bus in Lahore while being driven to the Gaddafi stadium on Tuesday. Six Pakistani policemen and two civilians were killed when 12 masked gunmen on rickshaws attacked with guns, grenades and rockets. The team bus came under fire as the players headed to the stadium for the third day of the second Test against Pakistan. Thilan Samaraweera was one of those hurt along with Tharanga Paranavitana. Both are in hospital. Samaraweera is believed to have a bullet wound to his thigh. Paranavitana has a gash to his chest from shrapnel. Those wounded with minor shrapnel injuries were skipper Mahela Jayawardene, Kumar Sangakkara, Chaminda Vaas and Ajantha Mendis. Samaweera scored back-to-back double centuries in this series, 214 yesterday and 231 in the first Test in Karachi last week. The assistant coach of the Sri Lankan cricket team, Paul Farbrace from England, was injured by shrapnel. Trevor Bayliss It was previously reported that Australian Trevor Bayliss, the Sri Lankan coach, sustained minor injuries, but this is not correct, Sri Lankan team official Charith Senanayake said. Two weeks ago, Bayliss said, "I know Geoff [Lawson] was comfortable coaching here," referring to the former Australian fast bowler, who coached Pakistan in 2007 and 2008. "The [Australian] umpires are comfortable coming here, the only difference is that we all come here as individuals. The Australia and English coming here as teams, there may be a possibility of being targeted. "But actually being here is quite different. I'm comfortable here and quite glad to be here." Australian umpires OK Australian umpires Simon Taufel and Steve Davis were both in the convoy that was fired on, but both were OK, an International Cricket Council spokeswoman said. "They are both fine and we are in the process of getting both out of Pakistan and back home,'' she said. Match referee Chris Broad was also fine, the spokeswoman said, but she would not comment on the condition of reserve umpire Ahsan Raza. CNN reported that he was in a critical condition. Dived to the floor Jayawardene told Cricinfo: "The bus came under attack as we were driving to the stadium, the gunmen targeted the wheels of the bus first and then the bus. "We all dived to the floor to take cover. About five players have been injured and also Paul Farbrace, but most of the injuries appear to be minor at this stage and caused by debris." Former captain and star batsman Sanath Jayasuriya said he had spoken to the team and was thankful all players and staff were OK. "I spoke to Kumar Sangakkara ... [he said there were] little injuries but everyone is OK, under control, thank God," he told CNN-IBN. "I don't think anyone got a bullet directly. "I think they have never gone through anything like this before as a cricket team ... it's a terrible time." Jayasuriya said he had spoken to Sangakara's wife, who is pregnant, and assured her everything was OK. 12 masked gunmen Police chief Habibur Rehman said there were 12 masked gunmen and police battled against the assailants for about 25 minutes. "They appeared to be well-trained terrorists. They came on rickshaws. They were armed with rockets, hand grenades, Kalashnikovs. "Five policemen who were providing protection to the team sacrificed their lives," he added. The gunmen fled from the area of the attack, and one was arrested, CNN IBN said. TV footage shows two unidentified gunman running across a yard, wearing sneakers and carrying backpacks. A number of cars had numerous bullet holes through their windscreens. Television footage	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,931	What algebraic system taught in present-day schools is one of the legacies of the philosopher René Descartes to which he lent his name?	René Descartes Explained René Descartes Explained Metaphysics , epistemology , mathematics , physics , cosmology Influences: Plato , Aristotle , Archimedes , Alhazen , Al-Ghazali , [4] Averroes , Avicenna , Anselm , Augustine , Stoics , Aquinas , Ockham , Suarez , Mersenne , Sextus Empiricus , Montaigne , Golius , Beeckman , Duns Scotus [5] Influenced: Virtually all subsequent Western philosophy , especially Spinoza , Leibniz , John Locke , Nicolas Malebranche , Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet [6] Blaise Pascal , Isaac Newton , Immanuel Kant , Johann Gottlieb Fichte , Edmund Husserl , Noam Chomsky , Slavoj Zizek , David Chalmers Notable Ideas: Cogito ergo sum , method of doubt , method of normals , Cartesian coordinate system , Cartesian dualism, foundationalism , ontological argument for the existence of God, mathesis universalis , folium of Descartes René Descartes (; [7] in French ʁəne dekaʁt/; Latinized : Renatus Cartesius; adjectival form : "Cartesian"; [8] 31 March 159611 February 1650) was a French philosopher , mathematician , and scientist . Dubbed the father of modern western philosophy, much of subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, [9] which are studied closely to this day. He spent about 20 years of his life in the Dutch Republic . Descartes's Meditations on First Philosophy continues to be a standard text at most university philosophy departments. Descartes's influence in mathematics is equally apparent; the Cartesian coordinate system —allowing reference to a point in space as a set of numbers, and allowing algebraic equations to be expressed as geometric shapes in a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system (and conversely, shapes to be described as equations)—was named after him. He is credited as the father of analytical geometry , the bridge between algebra and geometry, used in the discovery of infinitesimal calculus and analysis . Descartes was also one of the key figures in the scientific revolution . Descartes refused to accept the authority of previous philosophers, and refused to trust his own senses. He frequently set his views apart from those of his predecessors. In the opening section of the Passions of the Soul , a treatise on the early modern version of what are now commonly called emotion s, Descartes goes so far as to assert that he will write on this topic "as if no one had written on these matters before". Many elements of his philosophy have precedents in late Aristotelianism , the revived Stoicism of the 16th century, or in earlier philosophers like Augustine . In his natural philosophy , he differs from the schools on two major points: First, he rejects the splitting of corporeal substance into matter and form; second, he rejects any appeal to final ends —divine or natural—in explaining natural phenomena. [10] In his theology, he insists on the absolute freedom of God's act of creation. Descartes laid the foundation for 17th-century continental rationalism , later advocated by Baruch Spinoza and Gottfried Leibniz , and opposed by the empiricist school of thought consisting of Hobbes , Locke , Berkeley , and Hume . Leibniz, Spinoza [11] and Descartes were all well-versed in mathematics as well as philosophy, and Descartes and Leibniz contributed greatly to science as well. His best known philosophical statement is " Cogito ergo sum " (French: link=no\|Je pense, donc je suis; I think, therefore I am), found in part IV of Discourse on the Method (1637; written in French but with inclusion of "Cogito ergo sum") and §7 of part I of Principles of Philosophy (1644; written in Latin). [12] Life Early life Descartes was born in La Haye en Touraine (now Descartes , Indre-et-Loire ), France, on 31 March 1596. When he was one year old, his mother Jeanne Brochard died after trying to give birth to another child who also died. His father Joachim was a member of the Parlement of Brittany at Rennes . [13] René lived with his grandmother and with his great-uncle. Although the Descartes family was Roman Catholic, the Poitou region was controlled by the Protestant Huguenots. [14] In 1607	Free Flashcards about GK 1 What does 'Beijing' mean? Northern capital Which author (1874-1936) said 'thieves respect property, they merely wish the property to become their property that they may properly respect it'? GK Chesterton What was the original meaning of 'decimated'? Reduced by 10% The Circumlocution Office appears in which Dickens novel? Little Dorrit Maxwell's Pergamon Press specialised in what type of journal? Scientific 'Danny Deever', 'Mandalay' and 'Gunga Din' are poems in which Kipling work? Barrack Room Ballads Who wrote 'Totem And Taboo' in 1913? Sigmund Freud Which alphabet system using Roman letters is used to transcribe Chinese? Pinyin Filippo Marinetti founded which art movement in 1909? Futurism What was William Sydney Porter's pseudonym? O Henry What was Dickens illustrator Phiz's real name? Hablot Knight Browne Which 1946 drama was based on the Archer Shee case? The Winslow Boy Who is the clown in 'The Merchant Of Venice'? Lancelot Gobbo Who were the houygnhnms in Gulliver's Travels? Race of noble horses Speed is whose servant in 'The Two Gentleman of Verona'? Valentine What was Rosie's surname in 'Cider With Rosie'? Burdock What is the English translation of Latin 'Stabat Mater'? The mother stood What was the surname of 'The Railway Children'? Waterbury What were the Christian names of 'The Railway Children'? Phyllis, Roberta, Peter Which artist painted 'Resurrection in Cookham Churchyard'? Stanley Spencer Fernand Khnopff painted 'Listening to.....' who in 1883? Schumann Klimt, Loos and Otto Wagner belonged to which movement? Viennese Succession What was the German equivalent of Art Nouveau? Jugendstil Famed for masked figures, who painted 'Christ's Entry Into Brussels 1889'? Ensor Whose autobiographical account was 'Papillon'? Henri Charriere Who wrote poem 'For Johnny' that appeared in 1945 film 'The Way To The Stars'? Pudney Which 1939 Llewellyn novel is about Welsh coal-mining family the Morgans? How Green Was My Valley Which painting technique lays paint on thickly so brushstrokes are visible? impasto Who wrote WW2 poem 'The Naming Of Parts'? Henry Reed Which almanac was published 1732-1758 by Benjamin Franklin? Poor Richard's Which almanac, also called Vox Stellarum, was first published 1697? Old Moore's What was 'Uncle Vanya's real name in Chekhov's play? Ivan Petrovich Voinitski Which French word refers to a scale model of an unfinished sculpture? Maquette Mark Tapley and Tom Pinch appear in which Dickens novel? Martin Chuzzlewit What name is given to a preparatory study for a fresco? Cartoon What is Finland's national epic? Kalevala Who won a Pullitzer Prize for poem collection 'For The Union Dead'? Robert Lowell Iitalla and Arabia glass and porcelainware come from which country? Finland Palawan Island is part of which country? Philippines What is the world's second largest lake? Lake Superior What is the world's third largest lake? Lake Victoria What is the biggest lake entirely within one country? Lake Michigan What is the biggest lake island in the world? Manitoulin Island Manitoulin Island, the biggest lake island in the world, is in which lake? Huron In which US state is Wupatki National Monument? Arizona Which Scottish geologist (1726-1797) advanced the priniciple of uniformitarianism or gradualism, which is that slow geological processes occurring today have also occurred throughout time? James Hutton Which promontory in Berwickshire was important in providing geologist James Hutton's 'proof' of uniformitarianism? Siccar Point Which element is unusually abundant in the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary? iridium How old is the earth to the nearest 0.05 billion years? 4.55 billion What was the occupation of Galileo's father? Lutenist/lute player On which island was Pythagoras born? Samos What is Newton's first law of motion? When viewed in an inertial reference frame, an object either remains at rest or moves at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force. Which component of Challenger did Richard Feynman famously find fault with? O-Ring Which historically shadowy char	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,932	Born on this day in 1971, what rapper, who was killed in a drive by shooting in Las Vegas in 1996, is recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the highest-selling rap artist, with over 75 million albums sold worldwide, including 4 posthumous albums that have gone platinum or better?	Tupac Shakur · 2017 Tour Dates and Concert Tickets \| Thrillcall Track Artist for New Show Alerts Tupac Amaru Shakur (/ˈtuːpɑːk ʃəˈkʊər/ TOO-pahk shə-KOOR; June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper and actor. As of 2007, Shakur has sold over 75 million records worldwide. His double d... Tupac Amaru Shakur (/ˈtuːpɑːk ʃəˈkʊər/ TOO-pahk shə-KOOR; June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper and actor. As of 2007, Shakur has sold over 75 million records worldwide. His double disc albums All Eyez on Me and his Greatest Hits are among the best selling albums in the United States. He has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of all time by many magazines, including Rolling Stone which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest rappers ever, as well as one of the most influential rappers of all time. Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist. The themes of most of Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism and other social problems. Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs. During the latter part of his career, Shakur was a vocal participant during the East Coast–West Coast hip hop rivalry, becoming involved in conflicts with other rappers, producers, and record-label staff members, most notably The Notorious B.I.G. and the label Bad Boy Records. On September 7, 1996, Shakur was fatally shot in a drive-by shooting at the intersection of Flamingo Road and Koval Lane in Las Vegas, Nevada. He was taken to the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada, where he died six days later. Early life Shakur's birth name was Lesane Parish Crooks, but in 1972, he was renamed after the last Incan emperor. was born on June 16, 1971, in the East Harlem section of Manhattan in New York City. He was named after Túpac Amaru II, the 18th-century Peruvian revolutionary who was executed after leading an indigenous uprising against Spanish rule. His mother, Afeni Shakur (born Alice Faye Williams), and his father, Billy Garland, were active members of the Black Panther Party in New York in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The infant was born a month after his mother was acquitted of more than 150 charges of "Conspiracy against the United States government and New York landmarks" in the New York "Panther 21" court case. Shakur lived from an early age with people who were involved with the Black Liberation Army and convicted of serious criminal offenses and who were imprisoned. His godfather, Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt, a high-ranking Black Panther, was convicted of murdering a school teacher during a 1968 robbery, although his sentence was later overturned. His stepfather, Mutulu, spent four years at large on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list beginning in 1982. Mutulu was wanted for having helped his sister Assata Shakur (also known as Joanne Chesimard) to escape from a penitentiary in New Jersey. She had been imprisoned for killing a state trooper in 1973. Mutulu was caught in 1986 and imprisoned for the robbery of a Brinks armored truck in which two police officers and a guard were killed. Shakur had a half-sister, Sekyiwa, two years his junior, and an older stepbrother, Mopreme "Komani" Shakur, who appeared in many of his recordings. At the age of twelve, Shakur enrolled in Harlem's 127th Street Repertory Ensemble and was cast as the Travis Younger character in the play A Raisin in the Sun, which was performed at the Apollo Theater. In 1986, the family relocated to Baltimore, Maryland. After completing his second year at Paul Laurence Dunbar High School, he transferred to the Baltimore School for the Arts, where he studied acting, poetry, jazz, and ballet. He performed in Shakespeare	Is Tupac Shakur Alive? Is Tupac Shakur Alive? Is it possible with all the specualtion and all the posthumous albums that he could still be alive? With all the biblical clues in the songs and the name change right before his death it has left many to wonder what is up with all the suspscious activity? June 16th 1971 ~ September 13th, 1996 (Friday tha 13th) Exit Tupac ~ Enter Makaveli Saturday, December 08, 2007 2 new Best of 2Pac CDs Part 1: THUG: 3. California Love - ORIGINAL MIX 4. How Do U Want It 5. I Ain't Mad At Cha 6. 2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted 7. Hail Mary 10. Resist The Temptation - PREVIOUSLY UNRELEASED 11. Dear Mama featuring Anthony Hamilton - NEW MIXPart 2: Part 2 LIFE: 1. Definition of a Thug Nigga 2. Brenda's Got A Baby 3. Keep Ya Head Up 4. When I Get Free 5. Until The End Of Time - RP REMIX 6. Never Call You Bitch Again 7. They Don't Give A F*** About Us 8. Still Ballin - NITTY REMIX 9. Ghetto Gospel 10. Dopefiend's Diner - PREVIOUSLY UNRELEASED 11. Thugz Mansion ACOUSTIC REMIX - NEW REMIX Check out Dopefiends Dinner & Resist the Temptation Nice Tracks by Pac. posted by mooch at 10:12 AM 1 Comments Thursday, October 25, 2007 2-Pac Assassination DVD : My Thoughts I watched the DVD last night and have so many unresolved questions concerning this DVD. The entire theory of the movie wants us to believe that Pac was murdered and the entire Las Vegas Tyson fight was a set up from the start. 2 parties were implicated here Suge Knight of Death Row and Reggie Wright head of security.I have a very hard time believing that all of this could unfold perfectly on one night. Could the shooter really have been that "GOOD"and hit PAC only and have missed Suge Knight the driver entirely? If the shooter was Orlando Anderson like they think was he that good of a shot to unload his gun into the side of the BMW in such a pressure situation and only hit PAC? I'm sorry but this DVD is full of here say. I am not saying Death Row wasn't involved but I cannot sit here and believe that this one evening went down so perfectly without a hitch. You've also got the "new" story about Kadafi now telling the police he couldn't identify the shooter but only the driver? Cathy Scott who also is on the DVD wrote a book called "The Killing of Tupac Shakur" and in her book she reported that Kadafi was the only eye witness of the shooter and he told the police he could maybe identify the shooter. Why now are they changing this story. We can't ask Kadafi because he is dead a victim of a "random" shooting which was done execution style by the way. I wish one of the outlaws would step up and tell the truth here. Where are you guys? Don't you have Pac's back still and what about Kadafi he was a member of the outlaws why you gonna let him go out like this? Frank Alexander is the only one on this DVD I believe. I think he really had PAC's back and was good friends with PAC and really went to do the job but Wright security took the ball out of his hands and basically set "big" Frank up. I still think this video was done to cover up the truth and really what is happening. I cannot hide from the facts that the people needed to uncover this are dead but Kadafi and even Orlando Anderson "who is also dead now" know what happened that night. Suge Knight also knows what went down yet he sits quietly and doesn't cooperate. If you are a true PAC fan like me the video is a must but it really doesn't answer the questions I wanted answered. It doesn't even show much PAC footage. Its basically all interviews with the bodyguards and Cathy Scott and a expert in the field of "Assassinations" which is what the dvd's theory is based on. I can't pump this up like its the greatest DVD but it does shed some interesting things all based on peoples opinions of course. posted by mooch at 6:37 PM 0 Comments Monday, October 15, 2007 'Tupac: Assassination' DVD In Stores Tuesday, Oct. 23; Includes New Info About His Murder? M U R D E R ? W T F is going on people? Tupac: Assassination unfolds as a compelling whodunit that reveals what actually happened the night Tupac was shot and	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,933	General Gordon, Michelangelo and Cardinal Richelieu have all been played on screen by which actor?	Charlton Heston Dies at Beverly Hills Home \| Fox News Charlton Heston Dies at Beverly Hills Home Published April 06, 2008 Facebook 0 Twitter 0 Email Print LOS ANGELES – Charlton Heston, who won the 1959 best actor Oscar as the chariot-racing "Ben-Hur" and portrayed Moses, Michelangelo, El Cid and other heroic figures in movie epics of the '50s and '60s, has died. He was 84. The actor died Saturday night at his home in Beverly Hills with his wife Lydia at his side, family spokesman Bill Powers said. Powers declined to comment on the cause of death or provide further details. "Charlton Heston was seen by the world as larger than life. He was known for his chiseled jaw, broad shoulders and resonating voice, and, of course, for the roles he played," Heston's family said in a statement. "No one could ask for a fuller life than his. No man could have given more to his family, to his profession, and to his country." Heston revealed in 2002 that he had symptoms consistent with Alzheimer's disease, saying, "I must reconcile courage and surrender in equal measure." With his large, muscular build, well-boned face and sonorous voice, Heston proved the ideal star during the period when Hollywood was filling movie screens with panoramas depicting the religious and historical past. "I have a face that belongs in another century," he often remarked. The actor assumed the role of leader offscreen as well. He served as president of the Screen Actors Guild and chairman of the American Film Institute and marched in the civil rights movement of the 1950s. With age, he grew more conservative and campaigned for conservative candidates. In June 1998, Heston was elected president of the National Rifle Association, for which he had posed for ads holding a rifle. He delivered a jab at then-President Clinton, saying, "America doesn't trust you with our 21-year-old daughters, and we sure, Lord, don't trust you with our guns." Heston stepped down as NRA president in April 2003, telling members his five years in office were "quite a ride. ... I loved every minute of it." Later that year, Heston was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor. "The largeness of character that comes across the screen has also been seen throughout his life," President Bush said at the time. He engaged in a lengthy feud with liberal Ed Asner during the latter's tenure as president of the Screen Actors Guild. His latter-day activism almost overshadowed his achievements as an actor, which were considerable. Heston lent his strong presence to some of the most acclaimed and successful films of the midcentury. "Ben-Hur" won 11 Academy Awards, tying it for the record with the more recent "Titanic" (1997) and "The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King" (2003). Heston's other hits include: "The Ten Commandments," "El Cid," "55 Days at Peking," "Planet of the Apes" and "Earthquake." He liked to the cite the number of historical figures he had portrayed: Andrew Jackson ("The President's Lady," "The Buccaneer"), Moses ("The Ten Commandments"), title role of "El Cid," John the Baptist ("The Greatest Story Ever Told"), Michelangelo ("The Agony and the Ecstasy"), General Gordon ("Khartoum"), Marc Antony ("Julius Caesar," "Antony and Cleopatra"), Cardinal Richelieu ("The Three Musketeers"), Henry VIII ("The Prince and the Pauper"). Heston made his movie debut in the 1940s in two independent films by a college classmate, David Bradley, who later became a noted film archivist. He had the title role in "Peer Gynt" in 1942 and was Marc Antony in Bradley's 1949 version of "Julius Caesar," for which Heston was paid $50 a week. Film producer Hal B. Wallis ("Casablanca") spotted Heston in a 1950 television production of "Wuthering Heights" and offered him a contract. When his wife reminded him that they had decided to pursue theater and television, he replied, "Well, maybe just for one film to see what it's like." Heston earned star billing from his first Hollywood movie, "Dark City," a 1950 film noir. Cecil B. DeMille next cast him as the c	Film-Tech Forum: On This Date in History Birthdates which occurred on March 06: 1405 Johan II King of Castille 1459 Jacob Fugger German banker/merchant 1475 Michelangelo Buonarroti painter/sculptor/architect (David, Piï¿½ta) 1483 Francesco Guicciardini Italy, attorney/president of Romagna 1492 Jean Luis Vives Spanish theory/humanist/reformer 1495 Luigi Alamanni Italian poet (Opere Toscane, La Coltivazione) 1615 Jan Zoet actor/playwright/poet (Parnasssus aan 't Y) 1616 Malachias Siebenhaar composer 1619 Cyrano de Bergerac famous nose, dramatist (A Voyage to the Moon) 1698 John Alberti Dutch theologist/philologist 1710 Giuseppi Antonio Paganelli composer 1740 Giovanni Meli Siclian poet (Buccolica) 1761 Earl d'Andrï¿½ossi French General/member of parliament 1763 Jean Xavier Lefevre composer 1765 Jan Kops Dutch agronomist/vicar 1779 Philipp Roth composer 1785 Karol Kazimierz Kurpinski composer 1787 Joseph von Fraunhofer Germany, physicist (studied Sun's spectrum) 1791 Anna Claypoole Peale painted miniatures 1793 Bernhard Joseph Klein composer 1806 Elizabeth Barrett Browning poet (Sonnets from the Portuguese) 1812 Aaron Lufkin Dennison father of American watchmaking 1820 Horatio Gouverneur Wright Major General (Union volunteers) 1831 Friedrich C K von Bodelschwingh German theologist (Home Mission) 1831 Philip Henry Sheridan Albany NY, Major General (Union Army) 1835 Charles Ewing Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1883 1835 Ludwik Grossman composer 1843 Artur Napoleao dos Santos composer 1852 Joseph Bayer composer 1870 Oscar Straus Vienna Austria, composer (Ein Walzertraum) 1882 Guy Kibbee El Paso TX, actor (Big Shot) 1885 Ring Lardner US, writer (You Know Me Al) 1887 Henri Gagnon composer 1890 Fernand Ansseau Belgian operator/theory (Orfeo) 1891 Victor Kilian Jersey City NJ, actor (Gentleman's Agreement) 1893 [Walter] Furry Lewis father of the blues 1893 Kathleen Smoothy housewife (last link to Siege of Sidney Street) 1897 Knudï¿½ge Riisager Port Kunda Estonia, Danish composer (Quaarrtsiluni) 1898 Hal Hooker cricketer (New South Wales pace bowler of 20's & 30's) 1898 Jay C Flippen Little Rock AR, actor (Ensign O'Toole, Jet Pilot, Killing, Thunder Bay) 1898 Jimmy Conzelman NFL QB/coach/team owner (Chicago) 1898 Jo[hanne M Bos-]Vincent Dutch soprano (Matthï¿½us Passion) 1900 John Henry Pyle Pafford librarian (University of London) 1900 Ludwig Donath Vienna Austria, actor (Torn Curtain, Sirocco) 1900 Robert "Lefty" Grove baseball pitcher (300 game winner) 1901 Mark Donskoy Odessa Russia, director (Heart of a Mother) 1903 Elizabeth Pinkston Becker US, platform diver (Olympics-gold-1928) 1904 Hugh Williams actor/writer (Charley's Aunt, Bank Holiday) 1904 Johannes C "Chris" Baay Dutch actor (Klatergoud, Surprise Raid) 1905 Bob Wills Kosse TX, actor (Lone Prairie, Tornado in the Saddle) 1906 Lou Costello Paterson NJ, comedian/actor (Abbott & Costello) 1909 Dave Clark music promoter/songwriter 1909 Obafemi Awolowo Nigeria, President of Nigeria (1979-83) 1911 Charles Frank physicist 1911 Roland Jacobi Leich composer 1912 Madge Adam astronomer 1913 David Bowman trade unionist 1913 Ella Logan Glasgow Scotland, actress (52nd Street, Goldwyn Follies) 1913 Stewart Granger actor (Saraband for Dead Lovers) 1914 Kirill P Kondrashin Moscow Russia, conductor (Hollywood Bowl 1981) 1916 Rochelle Hudson Oklahoma City OK, actress (That's My Boy) 1917 J A Mommersteeg Dutch Assistant Secretary of Defense (KVP) 1917 Roy Scott cricketer (one Test New Zealand vs England 1947, 18, 1-74) 1920 Lewis Gilbert London England, director/actor (You Only Live Twice) 1920 Roger Price Charleston WV, actor/writer (Who's There, Droodles) 1921 Julius Rudel Vienna Austria, conductor (NYC Opera 1957) 1921 Oliver Wright British Ambassador (To US) 1921 Ross Hunter Cleveland OH, producer (Airport, Madame X, Pillow Talk) 1922 Frankie Howerd York England, actor/comedian (Mr Mustard-Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, That Was The Week That Was, Runaway Bus) 1923 Ed McMahon Detroit MI, TV host (Johnny Carson Show, Star Search) 1923 Erhard Karkoschka composer 19	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,934	Which state on the Pacific seaboard lies between California and Washington?	Pacific County -- Thumbnail History - HistoryLink.org Pacific County -- Thumbnail History By Virginia Story and the HistoryLink.org Staff Posted 10/26/2006 Tweet Pacific County, named after the Pacific Ocean, is perched at the southwestern corner of Washington state. The ocean forms its western border and the north shore of the Columbia River and Wahkiakum County form its southern border. Grays Harbor County lies to the north and Lewis County to the east. A distinctive geographical feature is the 30-mile-long Long Beach Peninsula, which meets the ocean on its western side and shelters Willapa Bay on its eastern side. In 1851 Pacific County was the third county created in what would become Washington Territory. The economic base of the area's indigenous Chinook and Lower Chehalis peoples as well as of early-arriving settlers was oystering, especially in Shoalwater (later Willapa) Bay, and fishing. Soon lumber became a predominant early industry, followed by cranberry farming, dairy farming, and later, vacationing and tourism. Pacific County's area is nearly 1,000 square miles and the 2005 population was about 21,000 people. The county's four incorporated cities are Raymond, South Bend, Long Beach, and Ilwaco. Of the 39 Washington counties, Pacific County ranks 28th in population and 30th in land area. Geography Pacific County lies within two geographic subregions of Washington state known as Coastal Plains and the Coast Range. The coastal area consists of a sandy plain characterized by "shallow bays, tidal flats, delta fans and low headlands" that lie between the ocean and the foothills of the Coast Range (Pacific County Agriculture). Long Beach peninsula has one of the longest continuous ocean beaches on the on the Pacific Coast. It is one-to-three miles wide and 30 miles long. The interior side of the peninsula contained bogs, shallow ponds, and lakes. Inland from the coast, the foothills were heavily forested with western hemlock, Douglas fir, Sitka spruce, western red cedar, and Pacific silver fir. The main hardwood trees are red alder and bigleaf maple. The climate is mild and damp but too cool and cloudy for most crops. First Peoples The Chinook Indians were original inhabitants of the lower Columbia River including the future Pacific County. There were more than 40 Chinook settlments in Pacific County, at the mouths of the Nemah, Naselle, Willapa, and Bone rivers, and at Nahcotta, Oysterville, Goose Point, Bruceport, Tokeland, and Grayland. The site of one of their main villages became Chinook. Along with the Lower Chehalis, the Chinook wintered along Shoalwater Bay. They spoke the Chinook language and traded (mostly fur, fish, and slaves) over thousands of miles with many different peoples. They were master navigators of sea-going canoes, and salmon and oysters formed the core of their economic base. Reflecting their long experience as traders, their name was given to the Chinook Jargon, a trade lingo that included terms from Chinook, English, French, and Nootka. The Chinook and the Chehalis were eventually decimated by introduced diseases. Many of their descendants, by accepting 80-acre allotments on the much larger Quinault Reservation, attained the privilege of Quinault treaty rights. The Shoalwater Indian Reservation, consisting of 334.5 acres, was established by an executive order signed by President Andrew Johnson on September 22, 1866. Pacific County's only reservation, it occupies 333 acres on the north shore of Willapa Bay, on the site of an ancient Chinook village. The non-treaty Indians of Shoalwater Bay made their living by fishing, crabbing, and oystering, selling their surplus to canneries much the same as non-Indians. Members of the present-day Shoalwater Bay Tribe are descended from Chinook, Chehalis, and other area tribes. The tribe has 237 enrolled members and a resident service population of 1,148. The tribal center at Tokeland serves both the tribe and the surrounding community. Today about 1,600 Chinook tribal members live at Bay Center on Willapa Bay and in South Bend -- both ancient village	Milestones: 1866–1898 - Office of the Historian Milestones: 1866–1898 Purchase of Alaska, 1867 The purchase of Alaska in 1867 marked the end of Russian efforts to expand trade and settlements to the Pacific coast of North America, and became an important step in the United States rise as a great power in the Asia-Pacific region. Beginning in 1725, when Russian Czar Peter the Great dispatched Vitus Bering to explore the Alaskan coast, Russia had a keen interest in this region, which was rich in natural resources and lightly inhabited. As the United States expanded westward in the early 1800s, Americans soon found themselves in competition with Russian explorers and traders. St. Petersburg, however, lacked the financial resources to support major settlements or a military presence along the Pacific coast of North America and permanent Russian settlers in Alaska never numbered more than four hundred. Defeat in the Crimean War further reduced Russian interest in this region. Signing of the Alaska Treaty, 1867 Russia offered to sell Alaska to the United States in 1859, believing the United States would off-set the designs of Russia’s greatest rival in the Pacific, Great Britain. The looming U.S. Civil War delayed the sale, but after the war, Secretary of State William Seward quickly took up a renewed Russian offer and on March 30, 1867, agreed to a proposal from Russian Minister in Washington, Edouard de Stoeckl, to purchase Alaska for $7.2 million. The Senate approved the treaty of purchase on April 9; President Andrew Johnson signed the treaty on May 28, and Alaska was formally transferred to the United States on October 18, 1867. This purchase ended Russia’s presence in North America and ensured U.S. access to the Pacific northern rim. For three decades after its purchase the United States paid little attention to Alaska, which was governed under military, naval, or Treasury rule or, at times, no visible rule at all. Seeking a way to impose U.S. mining laws, the United States constituted a civil government in 1884. Skeptics had dubbed the purchase of Alaska “Seward’s Folly,” but the former Secretary of State was vindicated when a major gold deposit was discovered in the Yukon in 1896, and Alaska became the gateway to the Klondike gold fields. The strategic importance of Alaska was finally recognized in World War II. Alaska became a state on January 3, 1959.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,935	What number is neutral on the pH acid/alkali scale?	Acids, Alkalis and Neutral Substances \| S-cool, the revision website S-cool, the revision website Acids, Alkalis and Neutral Substances You are here Acids, Alkalis and Neutral Substances Submitted by Anonymous on 2. They are solutions of compounds in water. 3. If concentrated they can be corrosive. 4. Acids taste sour (for example, vinegar). 5. Turn blue litmus paper red - this is an easy test for an acid! 6. Usually react with metals to form salts. 7. Acids contain hydrogen ions. 8. Turn Universal Indicator from green to red, and have a pH less than 7. Examples of acids: are vinegar (ethanoic acid) and lemon juice (citric acid) magnesium + hydrochloric acid -> magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas Some common acids used in your laboratories at school will be: 1. Hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq) 1. They feel soapy to touch. 2. They are soluble bases. 3. Like acids, they can burn the skin. 4. They turn red litmus blue - this is how you test for an alkali! 5. Alkalis contain hydroxide ions (OH-). 6. They taste bitter. 7. Turns Universal Indicator from green to blue or purple. Some common alkalis used in your laboratories at school will be: 1. Sodium hydroxide, NaOH(aq) 1. Litmus paper is not affected by neutral paper. 2. Tend to be harmless 3. Universal Indicator stays green. Common examples of neutral substances: 1. Water 2. Sodium chloride solution, NaCl(aq)(common salt) 3. Sugar solution C6H12O6(aq) The Strength of an Acid Acids and alkalis can be strong or weak! So how can we measure their strength? The strength of an acid or alkali is shown using a scale of numbers called the pH scale. The numbers go from 0-14. On the scale it follows that: An acidic solution has a pH number less than 7 An alkaline solution has a pH number greater than 7 A neutral solution has a pH number of exactly 7. You can find the pH of any solution using universal indicator. Universal indicator is a mixture of dyes. It comes as a solution or in paper. Universal indicator will change from green to a different colour depending on the pH of the solution you place it in. Note:	Index-a Don't Forget To Hit <ESC> before going to a different page. Let's play a game of 30 questions. No, not that old standard of 20 questions, but one with an extra 10 questions added in and one that uses numeric answers (from 1 to 30). If you get stumped, go on to the next one. Perhaps the answer you need will be one of those left over when you complete all the questions you're sure of. Each answer is a number. The answers are the numbers 1-30. Each number appears only once. (Obviously) the questions are not in the right order.. 1. Aside from an extra 385 yards, how many miles is a marathon race? 2. If 27 solid cubes are formed into one big 3x3x3 cube how many individual cubes, at most, are visible from any single angle? 3. In the movie Spinal Tap what number is: "Well, it is one louder.."? 4. 'Via Dolorosa' is the (how many) Stations of the Cross, the Christian ritual tracing the key stages of the death of Jesus, beginning with his condemnation and ending with his being laid in the tomb? 5. How many dots are on a (standard 1-6) die? 6. The Russian 'Crimea Highway' trunk road from Moscow to the Crimea in Ukraine is the M (what)? 7. What number, between two hyphens, is used by journalists, etc., to mark the end of a newspaper or broadcast story? 8. How many unique dominoes are in a standard 'double six' set? 9. What number turned on its side (rotated 90 degrees) is the symbol for infinity? 10. The Marvel Comics superhero team led by Mr Fantastic was the Fanstastic (what)? 11. What is the larger number of the binary system? 12. Japanese haiku poems loosely comprise how many syllables? 13. The Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn are respectively (what number)-and-half degrees north and south of the Equator? 14. What number is Hurricane on the Beaufort Scale? 15. Greek deka, and Latin decem, are what number? 16. Conventionally how many books are in the Bible's New Testament? 17. How many legs (or arms) are most usually on a starfish? 18. A lunar month is an average (how many) days plus 12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 seconds? 19. 'Roaring' refers to what pluralised number in describing a 1900s decade of western world prosperity? 20. Traditionally what number of years anniversary is symbolized by silver? 21. What is generally stated to be the number of major joints in the human body? 22. What number is the French coded slang 'vingt-deux!', which warns that police are coming? 23. What is the only number that equals twice the sum of its digits (digit means numerical symbol)? 24. The early/mid-1900s American vaudeville comedy act was called the (how many) Stooges? 25. Any line of three numbers in the 'magic square' (a 3 x 3 grid of the numbers 1-9) adds up to what? 26. What is the international SPI resin/polymer identification coding system number (typically shown within a recycling triangle symbol) for polystyrene? 27. Traditionally the diameter of the 45rpm gramophone record is (how many) inches? 28. Pure gold is (how many)-carat? 29. The expression 'On cloud (what)' refers to being blissfully happy? 30. Each player begins with (how many) pieces in a game of chess? Daniel David "Danny" Kirwan (born 13 May 1950) is a British musician whose greatest success came with his role as guitarist, singer and songwriter with the blues-rock band Fleetwood Mac between 1968 and 1972. Kirwan's first recorded work with the band was on the huge instrumental hit single "Albatross". Green later stated that, "I would never have done "Albatross" if it wasn't for Danny. I would never have had a number one hit record." The B-side of the single was Kirwan's first published tune, the instrumental "Jigsaw Puzzle Blues". This was an old clarinet piece, written by Joe Venuti and Adrian Rollini, and recorded by the Joe Venuti / Eddie Lang Blue Five in 1933. Kirwan had adapted the piece for himself and Green to play on	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,936	Which element is added to rubber in the vulcanization process?	Rubber vulcanization \| Article about Rubber vulcanization by The Free Dictionary Rubber vulcanization \| Article about Rubber vulcanization by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Rubber+vulcanization vulcanization (vŭl'kənəzā`shən), treatment of rubber rubber, any solid substance that upon vulcanization becomes elastic; the term includes natural rubber (caoutchouc) and synthetic rubber. The term elastomer is sometimes used to designate synthetic rubber only and is sometimes extended to include caoutchouc as well. ..... Click the link for more information. to give it certain qualities, e.g., strength, elasticity, and resistance to solvents, and to render it impervious to moderate heat and cold. Chemically, the process involves the formation of cross-linkages between the polymer chains of the rubber's molecules. Vulcanization is accomplished usually by a process invented by Charles Goodyear Goodyear, Charles, 1800–1860, American inventor, b. New Haven, Conn., originator of vulcanized rubber. He failed in his earlier business ventures and was in jail for debt when he began his experiments with rubber, searching for a way to prevent it from sticking and melting ..... Click the link for more information. in 1839, involving combination with sulfur and heating. A method of cold vulcanization (treating rubber with a bath or vapors of a sulfur compound) was developed by Alexander Parkes in 1846. Rubber for almost all ordinary purposes is vulcanized; exceptions are rubber cement, crepe-rubber soles, and adhesive tape. Hard rubber is vulcanized rubber in which 30% to 50% of sulfur has been mixed before heating; soft rubber contains usually less than 5% of sulfur. After the sulfur and rubber (and usually an organic accelerator, e.g., an aniline compound, to shorten the time or lower the heat necessary for vulcanization) are mixed, the compound is usually placed in molds and subjected to heat and pressure. The heat may be applied directly by steam, by steam-heated molds, by hot air, or by hot water. Vulcanization can also be accomplished with certain peroxides, gamma radiation, and several other organic compounds. The finished product is not sticky like raw rubber, does not harden with cold or soften much except with great heat, is elastic, springing back into shape when deformed instead of remaining deformed as unvulcanized rubber does, is highly resistant to abrasion and to gasoline and most chemicals, and is a good insulator against electricity and heat. Many synthetic rubbers undergo processes of vulcanization, some of which are similar to that applied to natural rubber. The invention of vulcanization made possible the wide use of rubber and aided the development of such industries as the automobile industry. Vulcanization a technological process in rubber production in which raw rubber is made into cured rubber. Vulcanization increases the durability, hardness, elasticity, and heat and cold resistance of raw rubber and lowers its degree of swelling and solubility in organic solvents. The essence of vulcanization is the joining of the linear macromolecules of raw rubber into a single, “sewn” system—the so-called vulcanization network. As a result of vulcanization, cross-links are formed between the macromolecules; the number and structure of the cross-links depend on the method of vulcanization. During vulcanization certain properties of the vulcanized mixture change with time, but they pass through a maximum or minimum rather than change constantly. The degree of vulcanization at which the rubber achieves the best combination of various physical and mechanical properties is called the optimal vulcanization. Mixtures of raw rubber with various substances that ensure the necessary useful qualities of the cured rubber (fillers such as carbon black, chalk, and kaolin; softeners; and preservatives) are usually vulcanized. In most instances, raw rubber for general use (natural rubber, butadiene, or butadiene-styrene) is vulcanized by heating it with elemental sulfur to 140°-160° C (sulfur vulcanization).	Plumbum, Latin word for this element History & Etymology Lead was probably one of the first metals to be produced by man. Pearls of metallic Lead and Copper were found at archaeological stratum X at Catal Hüyük, Konya, Anatolia, Turkey, dated at around 6500 BC. Perhaps the first written mention as "abaru" is on Babylonian tablets found in the library of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal (668-626 BC). One of them includes a hymn to Gibil, the god of fire: "You melt Copper and Lead, you clean Gold and Silver". During the excavations of the city of Ashur a Lead chunk of 400 kilograms was discovered, which dates from 1300 BC. In the Ebers Papyrus, an Egyptian compendium of medicine, dated at around 1550 BC, Lead is mentioned. It is also mentioned several times in the Old Testament, such as: "Thou didst blow with thy wind, the sea covered them: they sank as lead in the mighty waters." (Exodus 15, 10). "Only the gold, and the silver, the brass, the iron, the tin, and the lead, Every thing that may abide the fire, ye shall make it go through the fire, and it shall be clean " (Numbers 31, 22-23). The manner in which prehistoric people extracted lead from its minerals is not well-known. However, there are vestiges of very rudimentary furnaces, done of stone, where these people heated up the lead minerals with bonfires (that burned wood and coal) to extract the element. In the fifth century BC the Romans made an extensive exploration of lead deposits in the whole Iberian Peninsula. In the period 700 AD to 1000 AD the German mines of lead and silver, in the Rhine valley and in the Hartz mountains, were very important, just as those of Saxony, Silesia and Bohemia in the 13th century. The alchemists believed Lead to be the oldest metal and associated it with the planet Saturn. Because of its heavy weight it played a special role in the alchemic operations, they assigned to it the ability easily to be converted into Gold. They had many names for it, some secret, among others Plumbago (lead ore). In astrology alchemy the seven heavenly bodies known to the ancients were associated with seven metals also known in antiquity: Sun (Sol) Saturn Lead (Plumbum) The long history of Lead is reflected in the many different words for this metal. See the list of names to the left and in the overview of Lead in over 100 languages (click here) . We can identify many different roots, even the three main European branches of the Indo-European language group have five different roots (some related) for their name of this common metal: plumbum, the Germanic languages use Blei or Lead and the Slavic uses also two roots, olovo and svinec. 1. Plumbum and μολυβδος (Italic branch, Greek) According to most linguists are the Latin Plumbum and the Greek μολυβδος [molybdos] borrowed from the same older language, from which also the Georgian prpeni, brpeni = lead, tin, and the Baskian berán (beruna) were derived. The original language is not, as was thought earlier, Indogermanic or a Semitic language, but more likely a prehellenic language from the Aegeic area. The linguist Van Windekens supposes that Pelasgian was the donor language and unclosed the root b(o)lub. Other see the Iberian language as the donor of both words, since the Iberian peninsula is rather rich of lead. Also the Celtic language was seen as the source. It is also tried to interpret the Latin plumbum with help of Indogermanic languages in the suffix -bho-, often used for the names of animals and colours; thus to trace plumbum back to pl-on-bho and to include it in the family of the Greek πελιος [pelios] = bluish-black. Others see both these names derived from the Sanskrit bahu-mala = very dirty. Plumbum was the generic name for soft white metals with low melting points, as lead and tin, and later also bismuth and their alloys. Later plumbum was differentiated with the addition of black and white: Plumbum album (white plumbum; or Plumbum candidum) for Tin and Plumbum nigrum (black plumbum) for Lead. 2. Blei (East and North Germanic) Old High German: poluda * meaning however tin The English Lead is	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,937	In 1919, which French artist created his own version of the 'Mona Lisa', on which he drew a goatee and a moustache?	L.H.O.O.Q. (Mona-Lisa-with-a-mustache) L.H.O.O.Q. (Mona-Lisa-with-a-mustache) 2012, oil on canvas, 19×29 cm Erich Kuby (1910-2005) The Bearded Lady and the Shaven Man - Mona Lisa, meet Mona/Leo There is no discontinuity between the Bachelor Machine and the Bride. Marcel Duchamp [1] In 1919, Marcel Duchamp drew a mustache and goatee on a reproduction of the Mona Lisa and called the resulting work L.H.O.O.Q. (Fig. 1). [2] Not quite three-quarters of a century after Duchamp’s graffito came what I think of as the sequel: Lillian Schwartz’s discovery that the chief model for the Mona Lisa was Leonardo da Vinci himself. Both acts are backward- looking in that their most immediate effect was to redefine the Mona Lisa itself. At the same time, both are prophetic in the way they project major shifts in the grounds of art as a system of knowledge. Fig. 1. Detail of L.H.O.O.Q., a 1919 work by Marcel Duchamp that is an altered collotype of the Mona Lisa. On the simplest level, Duchamp’s banal gesture nominated the Mona Lisa as a man. More exactly, Duchamp created a rudimentary sort of mask that reads instantly as male but does not even pretend to conceal the woman behind the mask. In a sense, L.H.O.O.Q. is an artificial hermaphrodite, an image of a woman with that most superficial and nonfunctional characteristic of maleness, a mustache. (The beard is superfluous to the effect of L.H.O.O.Q., and in one version of the piece does not appear at all.) [3] At the same time, L.H.O.O.Q. is not a hermaphrodite at all but an intensified or exposed woman. The Mona Lisa’s mustache can be read as an abbreviated, transposed beard and thus as a metaphor for her actual “beard,” or pubic hair. By transferring Mona Lisa’s beard from her pubic region to her face, Duchamp conceptually strips her naked: her clothes no longer conceal what they’re supposed to conceal. She is another embodiment of the central figure in Duchamp’s most famous work, The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even (also known as the Large Glass). Duchamp thus creates a kind of visual analog in which the face stands in for the sexual organs instead of merely alluding to them, as the lips normally allude to labia. [4] The mustache-over-lips structure directly echoes the pubic-hair-over-labia structure. In a sense, the entire woman has been vertically condensed into an amorphous package of flesh—a kind of head-to-genitals morph, to use an analogy from the digital world. Furthermore, this flesh package is recondensed through the title into one of the standard tags used to present women as nonindividuals: hot ass. [5] I am not trying to present a full reading of L.H.O.O.Q. here; rather, for reasons which will become clear later, I am consciously restricting my reading to a limited field that centers on issues of gender, sexuality, and identity. In short, my concern is with L.H.O.O.Q. as an instance of the Bearded Lady archetype. That any discussion of L.H.O.O.Q. can take off in many other directions is a tribute to the richness of Duchamp’s gesture, minimal as to form but maximal as to content. [6] Not the least of Duchamp’s achievements with L.H.O.O.Q. was to bring the Mona Lisa back from the dead. By attacking its iconic status, he removed it from historical time and brought it into the present, the only place where art can be experienced. L.H.O.O.Q. was actually an act of rescue (even if only temporarily) rather than an act of desecration. However, it did not rescue the Mona Lisa as a traditional painting, an object of primarily visual pleasure. The crude mustache functions as a scratch on the Renaissance picture window; it insistently draws our attention to itself and thus irreparably damages the illusion of which it fails to be a part. What L.H.O.O.Q. did do, on the other hand, was to nominate the petrified painting as a center of activity: a subject of debate, parody, paradox, criticism, thought, and reinvention. L.H.O.O.Q. simultaneously documents Duchamp’s thought processes and implicitly invites further interventions. As such, it is a paradigm of late modernist art;	Artists Artists Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries (1700s-1800s) Benjamin West - The Death of General Wolfe, Death on a Pale Horse John Copley - Paul Revere, John Hancock, Watson and the Shark, The Death of the Earl of Chatham, The Boy with the Squirrel Gilbert Stuart - portraits of George Washington (Vaughan, Lansdowne, and Athenaeum styles) Nineteenth Century (1800s) James Abbott McNeil Whistler - Arrangement in Black and Gray No.1 The Artist's Mother, Twelve Etchings from Nature (the French Set), Symphony in White No. 1 The White Girl, Thames and Venice series, Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket John James Audubon - Birds of America (collection of bird paintings and drawings) Nathaniel Currier and James Ives - (many lithographs of American life) Baseball Game at Elysian Fields, Buffalo Hunt, Mississippi Riverboats Impressionist (1800s) Mary Cassatt - (impressionist paintings of women and children) Portrait of Alexander J. Cassatt and His Son Robert, Young Woman Sewing in the Garden, The Caress Realism (1800s-1900s) Thomas Eakins - The Gross Clinic Winslow Homer - Gulf Stream, Breaking Storm, The Hurricane, Eight Bells, Long Branch NJ, The Reaper, High Cliff, (Civil War illustrations for Harper's Weekly) Henry Tanner - Resurrection of Lazarus, Portrait of the Artist's Mother, The Banjo Lesson Emmanuel Leutze - Washington Crossing the Delaware Samuel Morse - The Gallery of the Louvre John Sargent - Madame X Thomas Cole - View Near Ticonderoga, Course of Empire, Niagara Falls, The Voyage of Life, The Consummation of Empire, Oxbow of the Connecticut Edwin Church - Niagara Falls, Catskill Mountains, Morning in the Tropics Regionalist (1900s) Thomas Benton - America Today (mural) George Bingham - Fur Traders Descending the Missouri, The Jolly Flatboatmen, Raftsmen Playing Cards John Curry - Spring Shower, Morning Landscape Grant Wood - American Gothic, Daughters of the Revolution Anna Mary Robertson "Grandma" Moses - (started painting in her 70s) Sugaring-Off, Thanksgiving Turkey Chuck Close - (quadriplegic) Paul, Robert Square Fingerprint II, Lucas II Malcolm Morley Andy Warhol - (known for paintings of Campbell's Soup cans and Marilyn Monroe) Roy Lichtenstein - (pop art resembling comic strips) Whaam!, Look Mickey I've Hooked a Big One! Abstract Art (1900s) Georgia O'Keeffe - (paintings of flowers and bones from southwest landscape, married photographer Alfred Stieglitz) Red Hills and Bones, Black Iris, Sky Above Clouds IV Charles Sheeler - Upper Deck, Ballardville Abstract Impressionism (1900s) Jackson Pollock - (used drip technique to create "action painting") Black and White, Autumn Rhythm, Portrait and a Dream William de Kooning - Two Men Standing, Attic, Easter Sunday, Marilyn Monroe Franz Kline - Mahoning, Meryon Mark Rothko - (suicide, has chapel in Houston) Subway, Slow Swirl on the Edge of the Sea, Green and Tangerine on Red Horace Pippin - Mr. Prejudice, John Brown Going to His Hanging, Starting Home The End of the War Edward Hopper - Nighthawks, Early Sunday Morning. Le pavilion de flore, House by the Railroad Ben Shahn - The Passion of Saccho and Vanzetti Andrew Wyeth - Christina's World Norman Rockwell - (cover illustrator of Saturday Evening Post), Four Freedoms, Boy Scout Calendar Christo - (born in Bulgaria) Running Fence Sonoma and Marin Counties CA, Wrapped Reichstag, Valley Curtain Rifle CO Nicholas Hilliard - (miniaturist) Young Man Leaning Against a Tree with Roses Eighteenth Century (1700s)	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,938	Yvonne, a runaway cow, evaded capture for three months during 2011 in which country?	Yvonne the runaway cow still missing after three months \| Daily Mail Online comments They seek her here, they seek here there, but those Bavarians still can't track down Yvonne the elusive cow and now she's popping up to taunt them on camera. The fugitive, dubbed the Scarlet Pimpernel of the bovine world, escaped from her farm in Zangberg, Germany, moments before she was due for a trip to the abattoir. Having successfully evaded capture for 92 days, Yvonne has now been spotted on a CCTV camera happily chewing the cud in a field of maize. Hide that hide: Yvonne pops her head out of a corn field near Zangberg, Germany, having been on the run for 92 days Catch me if you can: Yvonne appears to taunt her pursuers relaxing in the corner of a field near the town of Mühldorf in Bavaria, Germany A full-scale cow hunt has been underway for months under the name Operation Yvonne but every time the net closes in she somehow manages to give her pursuers the slip. A recent attempt to lure her out of the Bavarian forest where she is hiding failed because the bull, with which they were trying to woo her - described by its owner as the George Clooney of the bull world - turned out to have been castrated. The team then tried tethering her sister, Waltraut, to a tree in the hope that a friendly face would bring her out of hiding but that too proved unsuccessful. She was spotted last weekend when when she was in a near miss with a police car after which an order was issued to hunters to shoot her on sight. But this infuriated Germany's animal lovers who offered to buy her from the farmer and the shoot-on-sight order has been rescinded until Monday. German tabloid newspaper, the Bild, has put up a €10,000 reward for the safe return and they claimed an 11-year-old schoolboy had found a fresh hoofprint in woods near his home. Hans Wintersteller, the owner of a local animal sanctuary and co-ordinator of Operation Yvonne, told the Times: 'We know roughly where she is. 'But she always seems to keep on step ahead of us.' Experts now believe that when she first escaped she was taken in by a herd of deer who taught her how to evade capture by foraging at night and lying low during the day. One of the more desperate attempts to get hold of Yvonne was to try using an animal psychic to contact her and tell her to come home. Most wanted: Animal lovers were upset when an order was given to shoot Yvonne on sight so they offered to buy her from the farmer Sisterly love: Not even Yvonne's sister, Waltraut (pictured), has been able to lure her home Before she escaped she was fattened up and ready to be taken to the slaughterhouse where she would have been made into sausage meat. It is estimated that she would have shed around 200lb in weight since breaking free. Members of the sanctuary have now embarked on a mission to find another bull to tempt Yvonne from her woodland hideaway. As those who want to save her and those who want to eat her race to find the cow, her fame continues to grow and one newspaper described her as a 'freedom fighter'. A helicopter has been leased to track her down and the next step is to take her two-year-old son, Friesi. The cow has been on the run since escaping and evading slaughter on May 24	Invited to live in Scotland in 2011, Australian family told to leave in visa row :: Jenkers Invited to live in Scotland in 2011, Australian family told to leave in visa row An Australian family facing deportation from the Scottish Highlands after a reversal in visa rules has been told to leave despite their pleas to stay, their local Member of Parliament (MP) said on Wednesday. Gregg and Kathryn Brain, moved to Scotland from Brisbane in 2011 with their son Lachlan, now 7, are hoping for a job offer or a fourth extension to their visa after the last one expired at midnight on Monday. The case has attracted much sympathy in Scotland, where Kathryn Brain was invited to study and then work as part of a British government-backed scheme to shore up the Highlands' ageing and shrinking population. That scheme was subsequently scrapped to address Britons' immigration concerns, leaving the Brains in limbo. Ian Blackford, MP for the Dingwall area where the Brains live, said he had been told by the interior ministry (Home Office) on Tuesday night that the Brains should make arrangements to leave. "I am astonished with the callous disregard to the interests of the Brain family," he wrote on his Facebook page, accusing the ministry of refusing to recognise the support of the local community and the devolved Scottish government. Blackford said the government was "pandering to an anti-immigration mantra to drive the net UK migration numbers down" and said he would continue to fight the family's cause. The case has attracted the attention of Scotland's First Minister Nicola Sturgeon, whose government has no say on immigration but who made a personal appeal on the family's behalf in May. Kathryn Brain, who studied Scottish history and has been seeking work as a curator, was offered what appeared to be visa-compliant work at a Highlands distillery this year. But the offer was withdrawn in late July, giving the family little time to search for an alternative before an Aug. 1 deadline. Gregg Brain, a health and safety expert, told Reuters this week that local support for the family had been overwhelming. "We signed up for a deal and built a life here, only to have the ground pulled out from under our feet," he said. On Tuesday, a Home Office spokesman said: "We have given (the Brains) three extensions on an exceptional basis over a number of months to allow them to try to secure a job that would allow them to meet the immigration rules, but this cannot be open-ended." (Reporting by Stephen Addison; Editing by Louise Ireland) Brain family pledge to fight on despite being told by Home Office to leave Scotland PAThe Brain family are desperately searching for jobs Gregg Brain said he and his wife Kathryn are continuing their “desperate” search for a job that meets visa requirements after it was confirmed their leave to remain would not be extended further. The family, who moved from Australia to Dingwall in the Scottish Highlands with their son Lachlan, who is now seven, in 2011, had been given until the end of Monday to secure employment that would meet the specifications for a UK tier two visa. They initially moved to the UK on Mrs Brain's student visa but a two-year post-study visa scheme then on offer was later withdrawn by the Government. Related articles A letter from UK Immigration Minister Robert Goodwill said there are “no exceptional considerations” that would justify granting the family leave to remain outside the immigration rules. Mr Brain told BBC News: “We've been told we have to go, however I certainly would not nearly characterise this as being a lost battle or over. “We're still talking to our lawyer about options going forward. In fact, I understand that we may still be able to make a complying application if an employer comes forward. GETTY The family has been told they have until Monday to find suitable jobs We're still desperately searching for an employer Gregg Brain “So certainly we'll be talking to the Home Office about what arrangements need to be made going forward. We're certainly a long way from giving up yet. “We'r	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,939	The seeds of the nux vomica tree contain which poison?	Poison nut \| Article about Poison nut by The Free Dictionary Poison nut \| Article about Poison nut by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Poison+nut Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Medical , Wikipedia . nux vomica (nŭks vŏm`əkə), bitter-tasting drug obtained from the poisonous seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica, a tree that grows in Sri Lanka, India, and N Australia. The dried seeds contain strychnine strychnine , bitter alkaloid drug derived from the seeds of a tree, Strychnos nux-vomica, native to Sri Lanka, Australia, and India. It has been used as a rat poison for five centuries, and rat biscuits still remain a cause of accidental poisoning in humans. ..... Click the link for more information. and brucine, both colorless crystalline alkaloids, as well as sugar, acid, and oil. In the past nux vomica was used as a tonic in the form of a tincture, or alcoholic solution, but it is not used in modern medicine. In minute quantities it has a powerful peristaltic action on the intestines and in larger doses causes convulsions and death. Nux Vomica (Strychnos nux-vomica), also strychnine tree a small tree (to 15 m high) of the family Loganiaceae. The leaves are opposite, leathery, and shiny. The small greenish white flowers are gathered into umbellate cymose inflorescences. The fruit is a berry, with two to eight very hard disk-shaped seeds with shiny, silky hairs. The nux vomica is native to the tropical forests of Asia and northern Australia; it is cultivated in the tropics of Africa. Like several other closely related species, it contains poisonous alkaloids (strychnine, brucine), mainly in the seeds. Strychnine (nitrate) and galenicals (the dried extract and tincture of nux vomica) are used in medicine and veterinary medicine as tonics to treat lowered metabolism, rapid fatigability, hypotension, weakened cardiac activity (resulting from intoxication and infection), pareses and paralyses, and atony of the stomach. The genus Strychnos contains 150 to 200 species, which are common to the tropics of both hemispheres. Some species are used as a source of the arrow poison curare, which contains alkaloids called curarines; others are used to treat snakebites and to purify drinking water. [29–592.–1] nux vomica	INDIAN CALUMET: The Pipe of Peace INDIAN CALUMET: The Pipe of Peace By Christopher Nyerges On a recent hike in the Southern California mountains, a friend and I discovered some wild tobacco growing alongside the trail. The tobacco prompted a discussion about the American Indians' use of the Sacred Pipe, known today as the "peace pipe." The Indians used various species of tobacco in their pipes, along with a number of wild herbs. Among the many North American Indian tribes, the use of the pipe was considered a sacred ritual. The smoking mixture consisted of various herbs, often tobacco mixed with willow bark, sumac leaves, certain manzanita leaves, cedar shavings, or white sage. Although some tribes at times smoked for relaxation and/or a narcotic effect, most did not normally inhale the smoke. Rather, they used the pipe as a major means of communication with the spiritual world. Erroneously designated as the "peace pipe" by numerous reporters, the pipe was actually used in the ratification of all solemn engagements, both of war and peace. The clay pipe represents the clay body of the human ("Adam" means "red earth" in Aramaic), within which is contained the burning ember of life (i.e., the Breath Form or "living soul"). As one smokes, the thoughts and prayers of the communicant are carried heavenward in the smoke. The joint act of sharing the pipe was considered a common bond, or communion, among those who smoked. In some respects, the use of the pipe is the Indian counterpart to the Christian concept of Holy Communion, wherein one takes the bread or wafer into one's mouth, and the eating thereof is said to be partaking of the "body of Christ." Similarly, the Indian takes the smoke into his body as a spiritual aid. The wafting, rising smoke of the pipe is also akin to the use of incense smoke, particularly the incense used in various ritualistic ceremonies. According to Ralph M. Lewis, author of "Behold the Sign", "The proper kind (of incense) - known only to the sects using the ancient Egyptian ceremonies - will induce or bring about spiritual attunement with nature's divine forces and thus make possible greater cosmic or divine illumination." Incense has been used for centuries to symbolize the flame and heat of the sacred fire on the altar - burning in splendor and ever alive with heat and flame. The pipe smoke is also akin to incense smoke in Catholicism. For example, in Catholic processions there is usually someone preceding who swings the censer of burning incense. According to Father Dave of St. Elizabeth Church in Altadena, California, there are two reasons for this: One is to perfume the air with a special fragrance, helping to create the special atmosphere within the church. The second reason is because "incense produces smoke lighter than air, and thus the smoke rises. These symbolize our prayers rising to heaven. This is to make invisible things (our prayers) visible (the smoke). This can be compared to two people making peace; they share the pipe as a visible sign to all others of that peace." According to Father Dave, the use of incense in the Christian tradition has never been for repelling spirits, only as symbolic of prayers. The Calumet According to Sioux ontology, the sacred pipe was brought to the Sioux Nation by White Buffalo Woman. She appeared upon the prairie and instructed two young men she met to return to their tribe and tell of her coming. When she arrived at the tribal encampment, she met with the elders and ceremoniously presented to them the sacred calumet (as the pipe is more properly known). She explained to them the meaning and use of the calumet, saying: "With this sacred pipe you will walk upon the Earth; for the Earth is your Grandmother and Mother, and She is sacred. Every step that is taken upon Her should be as a prayer. The bowl of this pipe is of red stone; it is the Earth. Carved in the stone and facing the center is this buffalo calf who represents all the four-leggeds (the animals) who live upon your Mother. The stem of the pipe is	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,940	Which famous smoker is associated with the expression 'three pipe problem'?	Sherlock Holmes pipe, Three pipes problem, Sherlock smoking THE PIPES OF SHERLOCK HOLMES Author: SherlockExtra - Translator: Revati Grandfather stuffed some tobacco into his pipe, then sit to the rocking chair or armchair and began to smoke with delighted smile on his face. All family members felt that on these occasions the old man became calmer and more sympathetic. Children and grandchildren tried to talk about their requests during this ritual. Nowadays this habit is less popular, but whoever sees a pipe-smoking silhouette refers it to Sherlock Holmes. People of bygone times did not know about the harmful effects of smoking. On the contrary, they thought it is healthy, because the smoke reduces the propagation of pneumatic infections. (Perhaps this false opinion developed because in some cases – in foods like smoked ham, for example – smoking disinfects and conserves.) Smoking was a habit and a way of protecting health. Many famous people became addicted to smoking, because they experienced its mind refreshing effect. Dr. Joseph Bell, after whom the legendary sleuth was modelled, once mesmerized his audience at the university with a deduction focused on a pipe. He called in a patient who waited outside and whom he haven't seen before. The woman entered but said not a single word and the doctor asked her where did she leave her cutty pipe. She took it out from her purse. And what were the clues that put Bell on the right track? They were trifles, of course. Nothing but a small ulcer on the woman's lower lip and a glossy scar on her cheek. These told the professor that she smokes a short-stem pipe that lies close to her cheek. Elementary, isn't it? Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Hemingway, Milne, J. R. R. Tolkien and Mark Twain were all smokers. Edwin Hubble and Albert Einstein too – the latter even wrote a poem about smoking. The genius Albert Einstein with pipe Holmes maybe indulged on smoking during his university years, becuse of its mind refreshing effect. We know from his kind chronicler, dr. Watson, that when he was nervous, Holmes paced up and down and smoked. The cigarettes of the great detective originated from a tobacco shop in London. On special occasions Sherlock smoke cigars, and sometimes he snuffed (He got his snuff-box from a honourable client). Certainly Watson liked to smoke (usually he smoked Arcadia mixture, which has fluffy white ash according to Holmes, or a brand named Ship’s), and sometimes he joined Holmes for a cigar, but we cannot say he was a heavy smoker. However his friend was a real addict, who used his knowledge of ashes, cigarette and cigar ends while solving mysteries. In The Sign of Four he tells the doctor: "Yes, I have been guilty of several monographs. They are all upon technical subjects. Here, for example, is one 'Upon the Distinction between the Ashes of the Various Tobaccos.' In it I enumerate a hundred and forty forms of cigar, cigarette, and pipe tobacco, with coloured plates illustrating the difference in the ash. It is a point which is continually turning up in criminal trials, and which is sometimes of supreme importance as a clue. If you can say definitely, for example, that some murder had been done by a man who was smoking an Indian lunkah, it obviously narrows your field of search. To the trained eye there is as much difference between the black ash of a Trichinopoly and the white fluff of bird's-eye as there is between a cabbage and a potato." Conan Doyle’s detective was not an opium addict Some movie adaptations show the belief that Holmes often smoke opium. Actually the British sleuth only turned to it because it was necessary for his investigation to visit an opium den. Watson mentions in The Adventure of the Man with the Twisted Lip that an opium pipe dangled down between his knees, but we do not know whether he had to use it to fit in (as Jeremy Brett mentions it in the Granada series) or his „performance” was enough. Perhaps we can assume that he did not use the pipe, because he was amused after coming out of the den: „ I suppose, Watson, said he, that you imagine tha	Ceci n’est pas une pipe \| museum-exhibitions.com by Paula Terán New York, from 28. September 2013 to 12 January 2014 René Magritte (1898-1967) is probably the most famous Belgian artist of the 20th century, whose works have been massively used, adapted or imitated in advertisements, posters, albums or book covers, decorative objects etc., so that some of them have become authentic icons of the last century. As the Warhol’s prints of Marilyn or the Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. Le faux miroir (The False Mirror), 1929, René Magritte. Oil on canvas. The Museum of Modern Art, New York. He is considered as a Surrealist painter who usually represented a collection of ordinary objects in an unusual context or space (like a train coming out of a chimney, or a glass of water placed on an unbrella), giving new meanings to familiar things, and challenging the viewer preconditioned perceptions of reality and the ‘real world’ itself, in his words. He would paint a simple object like a pipe or an apple and then write below ‘‘Ceci n’est pas une pipe’’ or ‘‘Ceci n’est pas une pomme’’ (‘‘This is not a pipe’’ or ‘‘This is not an apple’’), denying what was obvious to be seen. Only an apparent contradiction as indeed, he was pointing out that no matter how realistic the object represented seemed to be, the painting could never catch the pipe or the apple itself. Magritte’s would describe his art as “visible images which conceal nothing; they evoke mystery and, indeed, when one sees one of my pictures, one asks oneself this simple question, ‘What does that mean?’. It does not mean anything, because mystery means nothing either, it is unknowable.” La trahison des images (Ceci n’est pas une pipe) (The Treachery of Images [This is Not a Pipe]), 1929, René Magritte. Oil on canvas. Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, California. The Museum of Modern Art of New York, MoMA, will be presenting the exhibition ‘‘Magritte: The Mystery of the Ordinary, 1926-1938’’. It has been organized in collaboration with the Menil Collection in Houston and the Art Institute of Chicago, where it will be shown as well (at The Menil Collection between 14th February – 1st June, 2014, and at The Art Institute of Chicago between 29th of June -12th October 2014). The retrospective is focused on Magritte’s essential works from the 1920’s and 1930‘s, and shows over 80 paintings, collages, drawings, and objects, along with a selection of photographs, periodicals, and early commercial work, exploring and tracing his development as a definitive Surrealist painter. In addition to works from MoMA’s collection, the exhibitions includes many loans from public and private collections all over the world. L’assassin menacé (The Menaced Assassin), 1927, René Magritte. Oil on canvas. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The retrospective begins in 1926, with the paintings and collages that Magritted created in Brussels which, in his own words, “challenged the real world”, and that would gained him recognition as a Surrealist painter. It also follows Magritte to Paris, where he lived from 1927 to 1930, essential years where he met Surrealists like André Breton, Salvador Dalí, and Joan Miró, and created his first word-image paintings. At that moment, his art was at times violent and disturbing. He started then using methods that included the misnaming of objects, doubling, repetition and mirroning. Some of Magritte’s most radical and famous works are from that period in Paris. Paintings like ‘’The Lovers’’ (1928) where he invokes de cliché of a close-up kiss, but radically changing the voyeuristic side of the image by covering the faces with a cloth. Or ‘’The Treachery of Images ‘’(1929) representing the ‘‘Ceci n’est pas une pipe’’ pipe, or the female nude ‘‘The Eternally Obvious’’ (1930). These paintings will be shown together in this exhibition for the first time since 1931. Les amants (The Lovers), 1928, René Magritte. Oil on canvas. Museum of Modern Art, New York. In 1930 he returned to Brussels where he continued searching for new forms of image making and created paintings that depic	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,941	What dish would you expect if you asked for Fettuccine in an Italian restaurant?	Pasta Recipes From Real Restaurant Recipes Are Favorite Restaurant Recipes Many Choices and So Versatile! Each Is A Favorite Restaurant Recipe Pasta is an item that has taken over major portions of many American restaurant menus. Choices and versatility are understatements when talking pasta. There are so many kinds, shapes and flavors, each having its special uses and recipes. You can eat it hot or cold. It is used as an entrée, a salad and a side dish. Red sauces, white sauces, olive oil ...just merging the “right” sauce with the right "noodle" becomes boggling for our “noodles.” :-) Don’t worry. Find quality recipes and it’s a little like “painting by the numbers.” The right recipes are on this website. You can cook with confidence and style. How do you know a recipe is really good? Of course you try it. But wouldn’t you like to give yourself “an edge?” These restaurant recipes have been tested (tasted), approved and requested by real restaurant customers over the past three decades! Each is a favorite restaurant recipe. Restaurant Pasta Recipes Champagne Shrimp Angel Hair with a champagne-cream sauce, this makes for a great romantic dinner anytime of the year. Preparation time: 20 minutes. Serves 2 Chicken Fettuccine Ricardo Recipe. This favorite restaurant recipe uses fettuccine sautéed with a breast of chicken, mushrooms, zucchini, and some herbs and spices in my garlic cream sauce (Alfredo Sauce ...listed as part of this recipe). Preparation time: about 30 minutes. Recipe is for 2 servings Linguine Pesto Recipe. It’s true! If you master this restaurant sauce recipe for classic Alfredo Sauce, you’ll be able to cook literally dozens and dozens of other great tasting recipes with little or no difficulty. Preparation time: about 45 minutes. Number of servings: one quart, about 10 servings. Serve this dish with garlic bread and a glass of fine Merlot . Preparation time: 30 minutes. Serves 4 Fettuccine Alfredo. It’s true! If you master this restaurant sauce recipe for classic Alfredo Sauce, you’ll be able to cook literally dozens and dozens of other great tasting recipes with little or no difficulty. Preparation time: about 45 minutes. Number of servings: one quart, about 10 servings. Fettuccine with Scallops and Asparagus . This restaurant recipe uses the classic Alfredo sauce with scallops and asparagus. Don’t like scallops? No problem. You can use any seafood item in place of the scallops. Preparation time: 20 minutes. Serves 6. Scallops and Linguine . This Sea Scallop Pasta Recipe calls for linguine, but you can substitute fettuccine or other long, narrow pastas. Preparation time: 20 minutes. Serves 4. Chicken Pesto Fettuccine With Sun-Dried Tomatoes . This Chicken Pesto recipe is a favorite restaurant recipe for both chicken and pasta lovers. The addition of sun-dried tomatoes is one of the ingredients that make this a secret restaurant recipe. Preparation time: 20 minutes. Serves 2. Shrimp Fettuccine . This recipe for shrimp fettuccine was submitted by a reader of the website. I put the shrimp fettuccine recipe to the ultimate test (served it to my guests). The recipe calls for skim milk and part-skim Ricotta cheese to help reduce the calories in the meal. Preparation time: 15 minutes. Serves 4. Seafood Fettuccine Recipe ! YOU FOUND IT! This Seafood Fettuccine IS a signature item for the restaurant. I can’t even begin to tell you how many times I have been asked for this restaurant recipe. Once you try it, you’ll understand. This secret restaurant recipe is secret no longer. Preparation time: about 20 minutes. Serves 2 Italian Sausage Lasagna . Lasagna speaks to the tradition of sharing a meal. Preparation time: 45 minutes plus baking time is 65 minutes with a standing time of 10 minutes. Serves 8. Penne’ & Smoked Salmon with Asparagus Salad . Preparation time: 45 minutes, but the salad should be chilled for at least one hour when finished. This restaurant recipe serves 6-8 people depending on portion desired. ENJOY! Vegetarian Fettuccine or Linguine Recipe . Lots of yummy vegetables sautéed in olive oil w	Delicious Weird Eats Delicious Weird Eats San Francisco Bay Area 62 Delicious Weird Eats I will try basically anything a restaurant serves. I often meander into entrees that include popular ingredients like beef, chicken, fish, vegetables, lamb, et cetera. I will also try dishes that have ingredients that are foreign to most people’s palates (Escargot? Count me in. Cow intestines? Please?). Growing up in a Filipino household, I would encounter dishes made with ingredients that are, well, uncommon compared to typical American cuisine, i.e., pig’s blood, and I loved every morsel of it. However, there are people that might cringe at the thought of mixing their appetite with things that may go bump in the night. I say, “Don’t knock it until you’ve tried it.” These unfamiliar ingredients that many people dare not go near have been used since the conception of most European and Asian fare. In the hands of talented chefs, they are the center pieces of many fantastic dishes that can stimulate anyone’s culinary senses. Many of our restaurants feature dishes created with uncommon ingredients, and trust me, they are created by the skillful hands. Table 926 Owner and Executive Chef of Table 926 in Pacific Beach, Matt Richman, is no stranger to exposing guests’ taste buds to new and different flavor combinations. Constructing his entrées with in-season ingredients, Chef Richman blends Californian cuisine with Mediterranean and Latin American flavors. His Glazed Pork Cheeks with guajillo-tamarind glaze, braised greens and polenta is a perfect example. Pork cheek, also known as guanciale, is often unsmoked Italian bacon, similar to hog jowl used as seasoning in Southern soul food. However, Chef Richman has used this part of the pig to create a dish that touches base on his own culinary philosophy and offers a delicious dish that is tender and savory. Geoge's California Modern Located in Downtown La Jolla on Prospect Street, George's California Modern offers an a la carte dinner menu that boasts a wide range of exquisite selections that focus on California ingredients with a modern twist. Executive Chef and partner Trey Foshee showcases his culinary genius by taking traditional entrees and ‘turning them inside out’. He uses a part of the cow that many people wouldn’t dare to eat: the tongue. Chef Foshee’s Warm Beef Tongue is paired with grilled onions, avocado mousse, habanero, smoked garlic tomato vinaigrette and house pickles. Beef tongue is very high in fat, with almost 75% of its calories coming from it, and that is what makes it so delicious. The high fat content added with the taste of beef gives diners a fabulous mixer that ultimately makes a wonderfully savory main dish. Robata Ya Oton While Japanese restaurants may be a dime-a-dozen now, many manipulate diners into thinking what they serve is actually traditional Japanese cuisine. However, it’s generally accompanied by Western-style characteristics (Do you think the crunchy roll’s origin was from Japan? Yeah, I didn’t think so, either) masked behind low-grade ingredients. Very few establishments in San Diego are genuine Japanese cuisine. Guests at Robata Ya Oton, however, can engulf all their culinary senses in a traditional Japanese menu that exceeds the boundaries of teriyaki chicken and white rice. Head Chef Aiko Ishito has created a classic menu that features entrees like Shio Chanko and Miso Chanko—hot pot dishes that consist of a variety of vegetables, mushrooms, tofu, seafood, chicken and pork in a flavorful broth—and a full list of Yakimono, grilled entrees featuring common meats such as beef, chicken, and pork. In addition to the meats on the Yakimono list, Robata Ya Oton offers other protein choices that are a little bit, unusual by western diners' standards. Dishes like grilled chicken oysters, gizzards and hearts are only the tip of the iceberg. First, a chicken oyster isn’t what the syntax might lead people to believe (no, they’re not oysters filled with chicken, promise). Chicken oysters are two small, round pieces of dark meat on the back of poultry near the	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,942	What is cartography the study of	What is Cartography? - Canadian Cartographic Association What is Cartography? Canadian Cartographic Association Careers in Cartography What is Cartography? The International Cartographic Association defines cartography as the discipline dealing with the conception, production, dissemination and study of maps. Cartography is also about representation – the map. This means that cartography is the whole process of mapping. Cartography is a complex, an ever-changing field, but at the center of it is the map-making process. Viewed in the broadest sense, this process includes everything from the gathering, evaluation and processing of source data, through the intellectual and graphical design of the map, to the drawing and reproduction of the final document. As such, it is a unique mixture of science, art and technology and calls for a variety of in-depth knowledge and skills on the part of the cartographer. Sometimes one person directs this entire sequence of cartographic activities, but this occurs only in relatively simple cases. In the creation of a map, it is much more common for the various tasks to be split up and accomplished by several individuals. Cartography is much more than just map-making, however. It is also an academic discipline in its own right. It has its own professional associations (regional, national and international), journals, conferences, educational programs and its own identity. As a discipline, it embraces not only cartographers who make maps, but also cartographers who teach about maps and cartographers who do research on maps. Once seen as the products of a relatively straightforward practical exercise, maps are now viewed as complex intellectual images offering a rich potential for scientific investigation. Whether the thrust of the research is cognitive, mathematical, historical, perceptual or technological, cartographers are exploiting this potential to the fullest. Cartography today has two essential characteristics. First of all, it is important. Maps perform a fundamental and indispensable role as one of the underpinnings of civilization. Few activities relating to the earth’s surface, whether land use planning, property ownership, weather forecasting, road construction, locational analysis, emergency response, forest management, mineral prospecting, navigation–the list is endless–would be practicable without maps. And never has this role been more vital than it is today. Humanity faces severe problems, many of them environmental in nature, and effective mapping is crucial if solutions are to be found. In conjunction with the great data gathering capabilities and analytical power of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS), cartography, in many instances, provides the key to finding solutions. A second, overriding characteristic of cartography today is its dynamic nature. The cartographic discipline is in the throes of a revolution, brought about in large measure by advances in technology and, in particular, by the impact of the computer. Map-making has always been affected by technological change, but the recent transformation of cartography has been unprecedented in scope compared with previous evolutionary changes. While former pen and ink techniques for map-making are still found in isolated use, today’s cartographer is more likely to be found seated at a terminal using the very latest in computer hardware and graphic software. In most cases, without any loss in image quality, maps are generated faster with less cost than before, not to mention with even more enjoyment for the map-maker! In essence, the computer equips the cartographer with unparalleled control over the mapping process. Follow:	Bezzerwizzer at Paint Branch High School - StudyBlue StudyBlue Which geometric shape does Frank Llyod Wright's Guggenheim Museum in New York echo? A spiral Which painter liked to present himself as the "Man in the Bowler Hat"? Rene Magritte Which IT company is also known by the abbreviation "HP"? Hewlett Packard Which American university is known by the abbreviation "M.I.T."? Massachusetts Institute of Technology What American fashion icon enjoys the sweet smell of success with his Double Black cologne? Ralph Lauren Whon won the Oscar for Best Actor in "The Godfather" in 1972? Marlon Brando Which traditional French dish consists of eggplant, garlic, peppers, tomatoes, zucchini and onions? Ratatouille Which is the largest city in New Zealand? Auckland In 1960, which Asian country saw a woman elected as head of the government for the first time: Ceylon, Malaya or India? Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) What is the word for illnesses in which physical symptoms are traced back to mental causes? Psychosomatic How many people take part in a tete-a-tete? Two Who, in 1841, wrote about "The Murders in the Rue Morgue"? Edgar Allen Poe Who sang the title song to the James Bond film "Goldfinger"? Shirley Bassey Which species of deer is the most common across the world? Elk (moose) Who was elected President of Poland in 1990? Lech Walesa Which planet is also known as the "evening star"? Venus In a battle of the "hot-heads," who did Jimmy Connors defeat in 1982 in the Wimbledon tennis finals? John McEnroe Which videotape format prevailed in the face of competition from Betamax and Video2000? VHS Which President proclaimed Thanksgiving Day a national holiday? Abraham Lincoln Who was the murder victim at the center of the plot in TV's "Twin Peaks"? Laura Palmer Renaissance architecture emerged from which country? Italy How many people can be seen in da Vinci's painting of "The Last Supper"? Thirteen Which drink did pharmacist John S. Pemberton invent in 1886? Coca Cola Which term, used in sociology denotes the adaption of a minority to the culture and lifestyle of the majority? Assimilation What do the letters of the American fashion label "DKNY" stand for? Donna Karan New York Who played the role of Baron von Trapp in 1965's "The Sound of Music"? Christopher Plummer Which nation brought chocolate to Europe from rainforests of Mexico and Central America? Spain In which country is the Gibson Desert? Australia What was the code name for Allied Invasion of Normandy on D-Day? Operation Overlord What substance gives blood its red color? Hemoglobin Which science deals with the origin, history and meaning of words? Etymology Which generation did Douglas Coupland portray in his 1991 novel? Generation X Which duo sang "You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling" in 1965? The Righteous Brothers Which bird has the largest wing span? The (wandering) albatross Bill Clinton was governor of which U.S. state before becoming president? Arkansas How is the number 1,500 written in Roman numerals? MD In swimming, how many strokes are there in an Individual Medley? Four Which country launched MIR space station in 1986? Soviet Union How many points does the Jewish Star of David have? Six In which city did the TV series "Frasier" take place? Seattle What is a column or monument made of a single block of stone? Monolith Which male entertainment group, originally Los Angeles, is known for its striptease routine? The Chippendales Which copmany was co-founded in 1975 by Paul Allen? Microsoft What is celebrated on the 8th of March throughout the world? International Women's Day Causing fistfights in toy stores in the 1980s, which must have dolls came with their own adoption papers? Cabbage Patch Kids Who won the 2000 Oscar for Best Actor in "American Beauty"? Kevin Spacey Which exclusive dish meaning "fat liver" in French is prepared from duck or goose liver? Foie Gras Which ocean lies between Africa, Asia, Australia and the Antarctic? Indian Ocean Which Italian explorer gave his name to America? Amerigo Vespucci Who has, on average, more hair on their head: blondes, brunettes, or red	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,943	In which county is Hay on Wye of bookshops fame?	Hay-on-Wye, Powys, Wales A weekend in Hay-on-Wye, Wales. Hay-on-Wye (Y Gelli), Powys, Wales Around Hay-on-Wye Photos and report by Mike Slocombe, May 2006 The Welsh town of Hay-on-Wye lies on the national boundary with England with the county boundaries of Brecknockshire and Radnorshire running through the town. Bizarrely, the county boundary is marked by the unmissable River Wye, while the national boundary follows the trickling Dulas Brook which meanders along a small valley past Cusop Dingle. Not surprisingly, such an important strategic location has attracted more than its fair share of invading hordes, with the castle seeing a ton of action from both sides of the border. The English King John burnt it down in 1216, and so did the Welsh Prince Llewellyn not long after. With its location on the road to Brecon - once the most important town for miles around - Hay has a long history of providing food and lodging to travellers with coaching inns and pubs. More recently, Hay has become famous for its connections with literature. Hay's association with books started when Richard Booth, an Oxford graduate, opened his first bookshop in 1961 and pursued his dream that a town full of bookshops could be an international attraction. Not averse to the odd stunt on the way - in 1977 he declared independence for Hay-on-Wye, crowned himself as King and made his horse prime minister. Hay-on-Wye is now stuffed full of bookstores with its internationally recognised literature festival attracting half a million visitors each year. The attractive streets of Hay. Richard Booth's bookstore "Europe's Largest Secondhand Bookshop" can be seen on the right in a distinctive two-tone blue finish. Despite a population of some 1,300 people, hay on Wye boasts around forty-one bookshops at the last count. From left to right, Hay Wholefoods and Delicatessen, The Cutting Room hairdresser and Addymans Books. Built in the 1880s, Hay's clock tower is a solid example of 'High Victorian Gothic' style. Clock tower detail. A view along the alley curiously known as the 'Backfold.' Closest to the camera is the Marijana Dworski Bookstore, which specialises in languages, with Greenway's corner bookshop behind. The Wine Vaults in Hay. We liked it here! Striking building on St. John's Place. Hay-on-Wye almshouses, built in 1832. Close up of the stone carving on the froint of the almshouses. A window of lovely cakes! I grabbed a quick Welsh cake snack. Another view of Backfold, on the approach to the castle. Curious looking house, close to the old Three Tuns pub. The original 12th century church had fallen into such disrepair that it was described as 'dark comfortless and ill-contrived and quite inadequate in point of size' in 1828. In 1834, St. Mary's Church was almost entirely rebuilt by Edward Haycock in 1834 with only the lower stages of the original 12th century West tower remaining. When we went past at dusk, a rather spooky wooden cross was propped up against the wall. Once the town's principal coaching inn, the current Swan at Hay Hotel was erected in 1821 and now serves as a 3-star hotel. By far the liveliest pub in town, the Wheatsheaf Inn (sorry, make that '38@ The Wheatsheaf') attracts an up-for-it crowd who like to give it large on a Friday night. And why not?! Clock tower at night.	Account Suspended Account Suspended This Account has been suspended. Contact your hosting provider for more information.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,944	The Salmon River in Idaho USA is known by what nickname, (also the name of a 1954 film, whose title soundtrack was recorded by each of its stars, Marilyn Monroe and Robert Mitchum)?	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: February 2011 Macclesfield Pub Quiz League 22nd Feb–Cup/Plate Semi Finals Questions set by Plough Horntails and the Dolphin 1. How many hoops are used in the standard game of Croquet? A, 6. 2. Which African kingdom was known as Basutoland before it gained independence in 1966? A. Lesotho. 3. The work "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" is the textbook of which religious movement founded in 1879? A. Christian Science. 4. What is the fruit of the Blackthorn called? A. The Sloe. 5. How many countries sit on the full United Nations Security Council? A. 15. 6. According to the book of Genesis, which land lay to the "east of Eden"? A. The Land of Nod. 7. What is the name of the southernmost point of Africa? A. Cape Agulhas (note: The Cape of Good Hope is just south of Cape Town and is NOT correct). 8. Responding to a pressing issue in year 1095, what appeal did Pope Urban II make to Kings, Nobles and Knights in a sermon at the Council of Clermont? A. Please help to regain the Holy Lands… the First Crusade. (Accept any answer relating to freeing Jerusalem from Moslems/ Mohammadens / Turks/ Saracens) 9. Who holds the post of High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of the European Union? A. Baroness Ashton (Accept Catherine Ashton). 10. Which city was awarded the 1944 Summer Olympic Games? A. London. 11. In which country did the Maoist organization the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) operate? A. Peru. 12. Which major city’s name translates into English as Fragrant Harbour? A. Hong Kong. 13. In which country was the Granny Smith apple first grown? A. Australia (in 1868) 15. Who was the architect of Coventry Cathedral? A. Basil Spence. 16. Who opened an historic address to his people with the following, “In this grave hour, perhaps the most fateful in our history, I send to every household of my peoples, both at home and overseas, this message, spoken with the same depth of feeling for each one of you as if I were able to cross your threshold and speak to you myself.” A. King George VI (as taken from the King’s Speech) 17. Which car company makes the Alhambra model? A. Seat. 18. Which car company makes a model called the Sirion? A. Diahatsu 19. What is the Nationality of Stefaan Engels who set a World record on Saturday 5th February in Barcelona by completing a marathon every day for a year, a total of 9,569 miles? A. Belgian. 20. Who wrote Memoirs of a Fox-hunting Man and Memoirs of an Infantry Officer, as well as collections of poetry? A. Siegfried Sassoon. 21. Approximately what percentage of the planet’s surface is covered by Tropical rainforests? A. 2% (but they are home to more than 50% species on Earth). Accept any figure less than 5%. 22. What is the name of the point on the Celestial sphere directly below an observer or a given position? A. Nadir. (Note this is the opposite of zenith). 23. What is the term, of French origin, loosely translated 'into mouth', for using facial muscles and shaping the lips for the mouthpiece to play a woodwind or brass musical instrument? A. Embouchure (origin, em = into, bouche = mouth) also accept embrasure. 24. In his 2011 memoir, ‘Known and Unknown’, which US ex-politician tries to deflect blame onto others including Colin Powell and Condoleeza Rice, for Iraq War mistakes? A. Donald Rumsfeld. (The book title alludes to Rumsfeld's famous statement: "There are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns - the ones we don't know we don't know..." The statement was made by Rumsfeld on February 12, 2002 at a press briefing addressing the absence of evidence linking the Iraq government with the supply of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups.) 25. How many vertices (corners) has a regular dodecahedron (a dodecahedron is a 3D form with 12 faces)? A. 20. 26. The Salmon River in Idaho, USA is known by what nickname, It is also the name of a 1954 film, whose title soundtrack was recorded b	Mrs. Robinson by Simon & Garfunkel Songfacts Songfacts This was written for the movie The Graduate, starring Anne Bancroft as Mrs. Robinson, a middle-aged woman who seduces the much younger Dustin Hoffman. Bancroft, who died in 2005, had a long and successful film career, but is best known for her part in this movie. Regarding the famous line, "Where have you gone Joe DiMaggio?": DiMaggio was a star baseball player for the New York Yankees who was briefly married to Marilyn Monroe. Simon was using him to represent heroes of the past. DiMaggio was a little miffed when he heard this, since he was still very much alive even though he retired from baseball in 1951, but he realized that he had become a new icon now with the baby boomer generation due to this song's success. Simon, who is a huge fan of The Yankees, explained in a 1990 interview with SongTalk magazine: "The Joe DiMaggio line was written right away in the beginning. And I don't know why or where it came from. It seems so strange, like it didn't belong in that song and then, I don't know, it was so interesting to us that we just kept it. So it's one of the most well-known lines that I've ever written." Paul Simon was a much bigger fan of Mickey Mantle than Joe DiMaggio. On The Dick Cavett Show, Simon was asked by Mantle why he wasn't mentioned in the song instead of DiMaggio. Simon replied, "It's about syllables, Mick. It's about how many beats there are." When DiMaggio died in 1999, it was a very emotional event for many baseball fans who grew up watching him play. The part of this song that mentions him summed of the feelings of many people who felt there was no one left to look up to. Simon wrote an editorial about DiMaggio in The New York Times shortly after his death. Simon began writing this as "Mrs. Roosevelt," and had just the line, "Here's to you, Mrs. Roosevelt" when he changed it to "Mrs. Robinson" for The Graduate. Eleanor Roosevelt was a likely influence on the song. Some of the lyrics support this theory: We'd like to help you learn to help yourself Look around you, all you see are sympathetic eyes Going to the candidates debate Laugh about it, shout about it When you've got to choose Every way you look at it, you lose Roosevelt was a female rights and black rights activist, always helping everyone but herself during the Great Depression. A lot of the time she seemed to have been running the country as much as FDR, but never would have actually won the presidency because she was female. >> Suggestion credit: Megan - Rochester, NY When Mike Nichols was making The Graduate, he used three existing Simon & Garfunkel songs as placeholders: " The Sound of Silence ," " Scarborough Fair / Canticle " and "April Come She Will." He was hoping that Paul Simon would write some original songs for the film, but touring and work on an upcoming album left him drained. Nichols decided to use these placeholder songs, but really wanted a new song to serve as the soundtrack. Art Garfunkel had heard Simon working on "Mrs. Roosevelt," and mentioned this to Nichols, who realized the title had the same number of syllables as "Mrs. Robinson." Desperate for a song, Nichols asked Simon to change it to "Mrs. Robinson" and write the rest of it. Simon decided to give it a shot. According to Art Garfunkel, this song may never have been recorded had it not been for The Graduate director Mike Nichols, who asked the duo for songs for his film. Garfunkel said that at the time, the tune was "A trifle song we were about to throw out," but when Nichols heard this early version, he heard something in it and asked Simon to adapt it for the film. "His intelligence allowed him to hang loose and make all these different, fabulous choices," Garfunkel said of Nichols, who died in 2014. Nichols directed Garfunkel in the 1971 movie Carnal Knowledge. (source of quote: Entertainment Weekly) This would have had a good chance to win an Oscar for Best Song From A Movie, but it was never nominated because Simon & Garfunkel never filled out the forms to get it considered, leaving "Talk To The Animals" f	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,945	In which country was Sam Neill born?	Sam Neill - Biography - IMDb Sam Neill Jump to: Overview (3) \| Mini Bio (1) \| Spouse (2) \| Trivia (18) \| Personal Quotes (10) Overview (3) 5' 11¾" (1.82 m) Mini Bio (1) Sam Neill was born in Omagh, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland, to army parents, an English-born mother, Priscilla Beatrice (Ingham), and a New Zealand-born father, Dermot Neill. His family moved to the South Island of New Zealand in 1954. He went to boarding schools and then attended the universities at Canterbury and Victoria. He has a BA in English Literature. Following his graduation, he worked with the New Zealand Players and other theater groups. He also was a film director, editor and scriptwriter for the New Zealand National Film Unit for 6 years. Sam Neill is internationally recognised for his contribution to film and television. He is well known for his roles in Steven Spielberg's Jurassic Park and Jane Campion's Academy Award Winning film The Piano. Other film roles include The Daughter, Backtrack opposite Adrian Brody, Deux Ex Machina, F2014, A Long Way Down, The Tomb, The Hunter with Willem Dafoe, Daybreakers, Legend of the Guardians: The Owls Of G'Ahoole, Little Fish opposite Cate Blanchett, Skin, Dean Spanley, Wimbledon, Yes, Perfect Strangers, Dirty Deeds, The Zookeepers, Bicenntial Man opposite Robin Williams, The Horse Whisperer alongside Kristin Scott Thomas, Sleeping Dogs, My Brilliant Career. He received Emmy and Golden Globe nominations for the NBC miniseries Merlin. He also received a Golden Globe nomination for One Against The Wind, and for Reilly: The Ace of Spies. The British Academy of Film and Television honoured Sam's work in Reilly by naming him Best Actor. Sam received an AFI Award for Best Actor for his role in Jessica. Other television includes House of Hancock, Rake, Doctor Zhivago, To the Ends of Earth, The Tudors with Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Cruseo, Alcatraz and recently in Old School opposite Bryan Brown, Peaky Blinders alongside Cillian Murphy, The Dovekeepers for CBS Studios. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Shanahan Management Spouse (2) (1978 - 1989) (divorced) (1 child) Trivia (18) One son, Tim Neill (b.1983), with Lisa Harrow , a daughter Elena Neill with Noriko Watanabe , and a step-daughter Maiko. Met wife Noriko Watanabe on the set of Dead Calm (1989), where she worked as a make-up artist. He has homes in Beverly Hills, Sydney and New Zealand. Awarded the O.B.E. for Service to Acting (1993). "Best Actor on British Television" for Reilly: Ace of Spies (1983), Australian Film Institute Award "Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role" for A Cry in the Dark (1988) (aka "Cry in the Dark (1988)"). His vineyard is in the Gibbston Valley, Otago. His wine is a Pinot Noir called Two Paddocks. One of the original candidates for the fourth and fifth actor to portray James Bond - 007 in The Living Daylights (1987) and GoldenEye (1995). Timothy Dalton and Pierce Brosnan ended up as James Bond, respectively. Montana is a recurring element in his films: in The Hunt for Red October (1990) he wants to live in Montana; in The Horse Whisperer (1998) he goes to Montana to find with his wife; in Jurassic Park (1993) he is digging up fossils in Montana. He is one of the three founders of Huntaway Films, along with his good friends John Clarke and Jay Cassells . Was considered for the role of the villainous "Doc Ock" in Spider-Man 2 (2004). His wife ended up as the principal make-up & hair stylist for Kirsten Dunst in the movie. He is a big fan of The Beach Boys . Moved to New Zealand at age 7. Good friends with musicians Neil Finn , Tim Finn and Jimmy Barnes . Born to Priscilla Beatrice (Ingham), who was English, and Dermot Neill, a New Zealand army officer. His ancestry includes English, Anglo-Irish (Northern Irish), and Irish. Studied at the University of Canterbury and at the Victoria University in Wellington, from which he graduated with a BA in English Literature. Owns a winery, Two Paddocks, in the Central Otago region of New Zealand. It was started in 1993. Suffered with a stammer when he was younger. Has fluent Iris	The techie novels of Nevil Shute / Boing Boing Twitter / Facebook / RSS Last month I had a conversation with Dale Grover (co-founder of Maker Works in Ann Arbor, Michigan -- read his profile at Make ) about the late author Nevil Shute. Shute is best known for the novel On the Beach (about a dying Earth after a global nuclear war) but we discussed a lesser-known novel of Shute's called Trustee from the Toolroom , which I read five or six years ago and absolutely loved. Trustee from the Toolroom is a tremendously compelling and well-plotted adventure story from 1960 about a mild-mannered English columnist for a hobbyist magazine called Miniature Mechanic who is duty bound to recover a container of valuable jewels from his dead brother's wrecked yacht in the South Pacific. (Fun fact from Wikipedia : "Trustee from the Toolroom was voted #27 on the Modern Library Readers' list of the top 100 novels . The top ten in that poll, though, included four works by Ayn Rand and three by L. Ron Hubbard -- according to David Ebershoff, Modern Library's publishing director, 'the voting population [was] skewed.'") During our chat, Dale told me he's read a bunch of Shute's other books, and he was kind enough to email me the next day with mini-reviews of them. I asked Dale if I could run his email on Boing Boing and he said OK. Here's what he wrote: You have started with what I think is Nevil Shute's best book, but there are some really, really good ones: A Town Like Alice No engineering, but a wonderful story about an English woman caught up in the Japanese invasion in Malaysia, then her transformation of a village and town later. It was made into a really well done mini series. (And a so-so version later on. Go for the long one, 6 hours but worth it.) Slide Rule Shute's autobiography. You knew he started out in aviation engineering? One of his first jobs was helping to design one of a pair of airships for the British government. (He went on to found an aviation company, and later in life he had a home machine shop and made model engines.) No Highway Another engineering one. A "boffin" (nerd) in aviation R&D has to act in the real world on his scientific beliefs. Was made into a great movie (was available on YouTube in its entirety at one point, but I don't see it now), and soon after a great radio drama (should be available online), both starring Marlene Dietrich and Jimmie Stewart. All are highly recommended! The Far Country A sweet story (Shute had a romantic side), plus Shute was not happy about what was happening politically in England, and saw Australia (where he eventually moved) as offering the opportunities no longer possible in England. Round the Bend Aviation mechanic starts a religion -- Engine maintenance as soulcraft. Set in the mideast post WWII. The Chequerboard , Pastoral , Landfall , In the Wet -- all worth reading. And On the Beach is possibly his most well-known book for the powerful image of the results of a world-wide nuclear war. (It was made into a major movie, but I have not seen it.) It is not an upbeat story, though. Movie has some differences from the book that Shute did not like. Shute's well-known trip to Australia by small plane is captured in Flight of Fancy by James Riddell. Bali is where Riddell lost his heart. There's some advantage in reading it after reading some of the books that came out of this flight -- A Town Like Alice, Round the Bend, The Chequerboard, In the Wet. (Aha -- that's where that scene came from.) It's on the outside looking in on Shute. Widely available used for about $15. Be sure to poke around on the website for the Nevil Shute Norway Foundation . They do loan out books and movies (I donated my copy of the mini-series of A Town Like Alice). And every few years they have an international gathering. Next one is in NZ, I think.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,946	Brazil is the world's biggest coffee producer. What is the second biggest?	Top Coffee Producing Countries - WorldAtlas.com Economics Top Coffee Producing Countries The top coffee producers on the planet. The 10 nations who produce and export the most coffee per year. A map of the world made up of coffee beans With a café on nearly every corner in countless cities around the globe, it comes as no surprise that coffee is one of the top commodities worldwide. As the global third most consumed beverage, after water and tea, coffee beans are in high demand everywhere. The top producing nations each produce millions of kilograms of coffee beans that find their way into the hands of eager consumers. Second only to oil, coffee is the world's second most traded commodity , with about half a trillion cups drank per year. Not only used for brewing a cup of joe, the coffee bean (through decaffeination) provides caffeine for beverages (cola), pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Despite the different flavours there are two main commercially grown beans Arabica which accounts for 70% of coffee and the Robusta bean which is far cheaper and easier to grow. These are the ten nations that the International Coffee Organization named the world's top producers of coffee: 10 – Guatemala 224,871 US tons Guatemalan Coffee Workers Empty Beans for Sorting Guatemala produced 204,000,000 kilograms of coffee beans in 2015, and their production numbers have remained fairly consistent over the past few years. Coffee beans are most abundant in Guatemala in years where the temperature hovers between 16 and 32°C, and at altitudes between 500 and 5,000 metres above sea level. Guatemala was Central America's top producers till it was overtaken by Honduras in 2011. Guatemala came into the coffee game predominantly to find an export to replace indigo and cochineal, two of their early exports that were rendered useless once chemical dyes were invented in the 1800s. At the time, the government began a policy of support for the industry by offering trade and tax benefits. In the 1960's the government further pushed for greater global demand for Guatemalan coffee through the establishment of Anacafé (Asociación Nacional del Café), a marketing association which, to this day, continues to promote the nation's coffee products worldwide. 9 – Mexico 257,940 US tons Ancient Pyramids in Mexico In 2015, Mexico produced over 234,000,000 kilograms of coffee beans. The nation predominantly produces high quality Arabica beans grown in the coastal regions near the border of Guatemala and is responsible for majority of U.S. coffee imports. In the 1990s there was a crisis in Mexico's coffee production, as the International Coffee Agreement was dismantled and worldwide coffee prices and export quotas were no longer strictly controlled, leading to an inability for Mexico to compete in the global market. This decline in coffee prices and production led to lost income and social issues throughout the nation of Mexico. While coffee production declined over the 90s and into the 2000s, steady demand from the United States has led to a recovery in the Mexican coffee market, from an all time low of 1.7 million bags (60 kg) in 2005, to 4.0 million in 2014. 8 – Uganda 314,489 US tons The Ugandan Virunga Mountains While Uganda may not come to mind when you think of coffee production, at 285,300,000 kilograms produced in 2015, it is the Central African nation's top-earning export. It has moved past Mexico in 2015 to become the 8th largest producer of coffee. The nation grows both Robusta beans – a crop native to the Kibale forest area – as well as Arabica beans from nearby Ethiopia. Coffee is a vital part of the Ugandan economy, with a large portion of the population working in coffee related industries. Coffee production was initially a reasonably unsuccessful state-controlled sector, however, after government privatization in 1991, a strong revival of the sector was seen, leading to a 5100% increase in production since 1989. However, the government does still exert control on the industry, with flow out of the country controlled by the Uganda Coffee Development Auth	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: November 2015 Macclesfield Pub Quiz League Set by The Park Tavern and the Brewers Q1 Great Britain is to appear in the Tennis Davis Cup final in which Belgian city? Ghent Q2 Once storms Abigail, Barney, Clodagh, Desmond and Eva have passed the UK, which will be next? Frank The current Ebola outbreak started in which African country? Guinea (Dec 2013) Where would you find Connexus and Versatile? On TV program The Apprentice (Teams names in the current TV series) Q5 Which actor has appeared as James Bond in exactly 2 official Bond films? Timothy Dalton (The Living Daylights, License to kill) Q6 According to Collins English Dictionary what has been chosen as the word of the year 2015? Binge-watch Q7 What is the tag line of the upcoming Star Wars film episode 7 of the series? The Force Awakens Who replaced Nick Hewer in the TV program The Apprentice? Claude Littner Q9 Which RAF base was in the news in October, owing to the arrival of ~140 migrants by boat? RAF Akrotiri (Cyprus) Q10 There is one remaining hovercraft service operating in the UK, from which city does it operate? Portsmouth (Southsea -> Ryde on the Isle of Wight) Q11 Baroness Dido Harding of Winscombe has been in the news recently, as the CEO of which company? Talk Talk Q12 Which British airline is celebrating its 20th Anniversary, flying its inaugural flight on November 10th 1995? EasyJet The Schengen Treaty takes its name from a village in which country? Luxembourg MP can stand for two things on an ordnance survey Map, name either? Mile Post or Mooring Post Q15 On a marine map what does HWM stand for? High Water Mark Which country is to host the next Winter Olympics in 2018? South Korea Who did Seb Coe succeed as head of the IAAF? Lamine Diack What is the third largest object in the solar system? Saturn (Sun, Jupiter, Saturn) Which man made object is furthest from Earth? Voyager 1 (allow Voyager) Q20 For his part in which 1953 film did Frank Sinatra receive a Best Supporting Actor Oscar? From Here to Eternity Which current world leader is sometimes known as Bibi? Benjamin Netanyahu Q22 Who has been recently sworn in as Canada's 23rd Prime Minister after winning a surprise majority? Justin Trudeau What is the longest motorway in the UK? M6 What is the longest A road in the UK? A1 Who is the shadow chancellor? John McDonnell Which building was built in 1093 to house the shrine of St Cuthbert? Durham Cathedral In which building would you find the famous Cosmati Pavement? Westminster Cathedral Who hosts 'Modern Life is Goodish'? Dave Gorman Frankie Fredericks represented which African country in athletics? Namibia Who hosts 'As yet untitled'? Alan Davies Who will be the new host of QI succeeding Stephen Fry? Sandi Toksvig What is the word used to describe an animal/plant that is both male and female? Hermaphrodite With which artistic medium would you associate Ansel Adams? Photography Which city is normally accepted as being the ancient capital of Wessex? Winchester Which group recorded the track 'Unfinished Symphony'? Massive Attack Which school featured in UK TV's 'Please Sir'? Fenn Street Q37 80s band Heaven 17 got their name from a well-known novel originally published in 1962. Name it? A Clockwork Orange - (by Anthony Burgess) Q38 Steely Dan got their name from which notorious novel originally published in 1959? The Naked Lunch (by William Burroughs) Q39 Wladimir Klitschko is a champion boxer from which country? Ukraine The 'Rockhampton Rocket' was a nickname given to which famous sportsman? Rod Laver Which British astronaut is going to the international space station in December? Tim Peake How many cantons make up Switzerland? 26 (accept 25 to 27) Q43 Which city was the imperial capital of Japan before Tokyo? Kyoto Saloth Sar born 19 May 1925 is better known by what name? Pol Pot What was discovered in 1799 by Pierre-François Bouchard a Napoleonic soldier? The Rosetta Stone 'I told you I was ill' are the words carved into whose gravestone? Spike Milligan Q47 What did Newcastle chemist William Owen invent in 1927 for those	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,947	The famous Chilean miners saved in 2010 were originally mining for what two substances?	Hope for trapped Chilean miners as man's wife gives birth to baby Esperanza \| Daily Mail Online Latest twist could be added to movie about accident which has begun filming He had promised his wife that he would attend the birth of their first child. However, Ariel Ticona had more than a good excuse for not being present when Elizabeth Segovia went into hospital yesterday afternoon. Ticona is one of the 33 men who have been trapped underground for the past 40 days after a mine in northern Chile collapsed. Hope: Elizabeth Segovia gave birth to Esperanza Ticona yesterday while the baby's father is trapped But yesterday brought a rare piece of good news, when Esperanza Ticona was born, weighing nearly 7lbs and measuring almost 19ins long. The news of the birth will add further drama to a planned film about the miners which already has a title, The 33, a running time - one hour 33 minutes - and a planned release date in 2012. Director Rodrigo Ortuzar, who has cameras at the mine filming relatives, said: 'We're filming at the camp as a way of observing what goes on there so we can recreate it later.' Ticona and his wife had planned to name the child Carolina but each decided to change the name to Esperanza - Spanish for Hope - when the miners were found alive 17 days after the main shaft of the San Jose copper and gold mine collapsed on August 5. Many of the miners' families have held vigil at the mine since then, sleeping in tents in the cold Atacama desert nights. But Ticona didn't want that for his wife. In a recorded video chat made possible thanks to a fiber-optic cable that rescuers dropped through a narrow bore hole, Ticona urged a relative to tell his wife to stay home and take it easy before the birth. Bundle of joy: A mid-wife holds Esperanza Ticona at the Copiapo Clinic, Copiapo, 70km from the San Jose mine Esperanza is watched by her cousin Vinka Montalvan Ticona at the Copiapo Clinic, Copiapo New father: Ariel Ticona is one of 33 miners who have been trapped underground for 40 days 'Tell her to change the name of our daughter... and give her a long-distance kiss!' Ticona said as the other miners shouted: 'We're going to name her Hope!' Segovia told Chile's Canal 13 network that she had exactly the same thought about her name. 'He thought of it there and I thought of it here in the house. 'She was going to be named Carolina Elizabeth, but now her name will be Esperanza Elizabeth.' 'I'm very nervous,' Segovia said as she entered the Copiapo Clinic, Copiapo, some 70km from the San Jose mine, northern Chile. It comes as an artist's impression has been released of the capsule which will be used to pull the miners to safety. The men will be drawn 2,300ft to the surface through a rescue tunnel when it is completed, protected by the 'rescue pod'. Currently being built by the Chilean Navy, it will contain systems for communication and ventilation. It will also include an escape hatch to counter any problems while it ascends. The news of the design will prove heartening to relatives waiting at the surface since the collapse after days of bad news about the drilling of three separate rescue tunnels. Yesterday, the 'Plan A' drill had reached a depth of 750ft but will stop soon when it reaches 820ft for maintenance. Enclosed: The claustrophobic escape pod currently being built by the Chilean Navy to bring the 33 trapped miners to the surface 'Plan B', a higher-velocity drill that will carve out a narrower escape tunnel, has been silenced since last week, when it struck an iron support beam for the mine and its drill bit shattered into small pieces. A third drill, 'Plan C', is still days away from starting its work. Rescuers have already tried three times to use magnets to remove pieces of the shattered second drill and iron beam from the hole. If a fourth effort also fails, Mining Minister Laurence Golborne said on Monday, then the second drill will have to be moved and start digging an entirely new hole. The setback has caused anxiety among the trapped men, who had been cheered by the sound of the constant ha	PravdaReport: Russian news and analysis Copyright © 1999-2017, «PRAVDA.Ru». When reproducing our materials in whole or in part, hyperlink to PRAVDA.Ru should be made. The opinions and views of the authors do not always coincide with the point of view of PRAVDA.Ru's editors. Select spelling error with mouse and press Ctrl+Enter	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,948	Which World Heavyweight Champion boxer (1944-2011) won Olympic Gold in 1964?	Most Famous Boxers – List of Famous Boxers in History Nationality: American Known For: First African American to be the world heavyweight boxing champion. Nicknamed the “Galveston Giant,” Jack Johnson was widely considered to be the most famous African American on the planet for more than a decade as he dominated the world of boxing. Notably, Johnson had his success during the time period when Jim Crow laws were still in effect. In fact, both of his parents had been slaves. Racism ran deep at that time and when Johnson became world heavyweight boxing champion, many whites were furious. Nationality: American Known For: Holding the world heavyweight boxing champion title 1919 through 1926 Jack Dempsey was known as “The Manasa Mauler” and was celebrated for his offensive style and powerful blows. Of his 65 recorded wins in the ring, 51 were by knockout. Dempsey was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1990. His fights drew in large crowds, often setting attendance records. Additionally, The Associated Press named Dempsey as being the best boxer to fight during the span of 1900 to 1950. Nationality: American Known For: Being the world heavyweight champion for almost 12 years (longest in history). Called the “Brown Bomber,” Joe Louis successfully defended his world heavyweight championship title 25 times. He was known as being a very generous and kind man – even donating his winnings twice to military rellief during World War II. In 1982 Louis was posthumously honored with the Congressional Gold Medal. He was later named a member of the International Boxing Hall of Fame. Nationality: American Known For: Often argued to be the greatest boxer of all time. Originally named Walker Smith Jr., Sugar Ray Robinson got his name after using the Amateur Athletic Union card of a fellow boxer named Ray Robinson. After becoming pro in 1940, he won his first 40 bouts in a row. He had an astonishing record of 175 wins – 110 of which were knockouts – and only 19 losses. He even had a streak of 91 wins in a row that lasted for 8 years between 1943 and 1951. Nationality: American Known For: His legendary fights with Sugar Ray Robinson. Jake Lamotta was the inspiration behind the movie “Raging Bull” that starred Robert De Niro. He was the first boxer to ever beat Sugar Ray Robinson. He was known for being able to take a beating and still continue fighting. He was only knocked out one time in his 100-plus fight career and only lost 9 times. Nationality: American Known For: Was undefeated for his entire professional career. Rocky Marciano went 49 and 0, including 43 wins by knockout during his time spent as a professional boxer. He was not known to have an accurate punch; however, when he landed a blow it was usually devastating. Tragically, he died in a plane crash the day before his 46th birthday. Marciano was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1990. Nationality: American Known For: Learning how to box while in jail. Charles L. “Sonny” Liston was a gifted boxer who lived a very troubled life. Liston was known to struggle with alcohol addiction, but his physical skills still allowed him to shine in the ring. He became the world heavyweight champion in 1962 after knocking out Floyd Patterson in the very first round. Nicknamed “The Big Bear,” Liston had a professional record of 50 – 4, with 39 knockouts. Nationality: American Known For: Being wrongfully convicted of murder and put in prison for almost two decades. Ruben “The Hurricane” Carter was known for his incredibly fast punches, but even more well-known for his struggles to be freed from prison. He and a friend were wrongfully accused of a triple homocide in June of 1966. The ensuing investigation was not conducted professionally and many believe that Carter was framed. While in prison, Carter wrote a book about his innocence entitled “The 16th Round: From Number 1 Contender to Number 45472.” He was eventually freed in 1985. Nationality: American Known For: His outspoken ways and historic fights. Born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr., Muhammad Ali dubbed hiim	1994 \| Familypedia \| Fandom powered by Wikia The 1994 Winter Olympics begin in Lillehammer . February 22 – Aldrich Ames and his wife are charged with spying for the Soviet Union by the United States Department of Justice . Ames is later convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment; his wife receives 5 years in prison. February 24 – In Gloucester , local police begin excavations at 25 Cromwell Street, the home of Fred West , a suspect in multiple murders. On February 28, he and his wife are arrested. February 25 – Israeli Kahanist Baruch Goldstein opens fire inside the Cave of the Patriarchs in the West Bank ; he kills 29 Muslims before worshippers beat him to death. February 27 – Australian Federal Sports & Environment Minister Ros Kelly resigns over "The Sports Rorts Affair", where it was alleged that she apportioned money for community sporting projects in a pork barreling fashion. October 4 – In Switzerland , 23 members of the Order of the Solar Temple cult are found dead, a day after 25 of their fellow cultists are similarly discovered in Morin Heights , Quebec . October 5 – UNESCO inaugurates World Teachers' Day to celebrate and commemorate the signing of the Recommendation Concerning the Status of Teachers on October 5, 1966. October 8 – Iraq disarmament crisis : The President of the United Nations Security Council says that Iraq must withdraw its troops from the Kuwait border, and immediately cooperate with weapons inspectors. October 12 – NASA loses radio contact with the Magellan spacecraft as the probe descends into the thick atmosphere of Venus (the spacecraft presumably burned up in the atmosphere either October 13 or October 14).	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,949	What is the singer Prince's real first name?	Prince Biography: Prince's Real Name & More By Mark Edward Nero Updated April 21, 2016. Plenty of contemporary recording artists are talented, but few were as talented as Prince . Known for his vocal range, instrumental abilities and stage presence, the eclectic artist was a mainstay in popular music for more than three decades, serving as a musical influence and innovator. Prince passed away on April 21, 2016 at the age of 57. Here is a look back at his amazing life and career. Early Life: Prince was born Prince Roger Nelson on June 7, 1958 in Minneapolis, Minn. Music was a significant part of his life from the beginning. His mother was a jazz singer and his father was a pianist and a songwriter who performed in the Prince Rogers Trio, a jazz group, under the stage name "Prince Rogers." Prince is named after his stage name. Breakthrough and Success: Prince dabbled in music throughout his childhood, forming a popular funk band in his late teens. After shopping around a series of unsuccessful demo tapes, he released his debut album For You in 1978, but his second effort, Prince, was much more commercially successful. continue reading below our video What Do Movie Ratings Mean? It produced the hit singles "Why You Wanna Treat Me So Bad?" and "I Wanna Be Your Lover," and it went platinum . Dirty Mind, Controversy and 1999 generated more acclaim for the artist, but he really hit it big with 1984's Purple Rain. The album, which accompanies his film of the same, catapulted Prince into superstardom. His backup band, The Revolution, dissolved after the releases of 1985's Around the World in a Day and 1986's Parade, but he bounced back stronger than ever as a solo artist with Sign "O" the Times. Riding high on a solo career, he followed up with three more albums before introducing his new backup band, The New Power Generation, in 1991's Diamonds and Pearls. In 1993 he famously changed his name to the "love symbol," and combination of the male and female symbols. Between 1994 and 1996 he released a whopping five albums in an effort to rid himself of contractual obligations with Warner Bros. He joined Arista Records in 1998 and started going by "Prince" again, instead of his unpronounceable legal name. Since then he released 15 albums. He released his 34th studio album, HITnRun phase one, in September 2015. Legacy: Few artists can revel the successes of such enduring careers. Prince was surely one of them. He was one of the best-selling artists of all time , having sold more than 100 million records. He has won more awards than you can count: seven Grammys (1999 and Purple Rain earned him Hall of Fame awards), an Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Purple Rain," a Golden Globe for Best Original Song for "The Song of the Heart," and four MTV VMAs. Prince was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004, cementing his place in music history.	1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? 3. If Alpha is 1, and Beta is 2, what is 6? 4. If Tony Blackburn won in 2002, Phil Tuffnell won in 2003, and Kerry Katona won in 2004, who won in 2007? 5. If David Lloyd George is 1, Andrew Bonal Law is 2, and Stanley Baldwin is 3, who is 4? 6. If Liverpool won in 2006, and Chelsea won in 2007, who won in 2008? 7. How many pints does a 10- gallon hat hold? 8. Who was murdered by Fitzurse, de Tracy, de Morville and Le Breton? 9. Who presents Location, Location, Location with Phil Spencer? 10. From what ancient activity does the word ‘crestfallen’ come? 11. What non-mechanical sport achieves the highest speeds? 12. What major city is on an island in the St Lawrence river? 13. Who succeeded Alf Ramsey to become caretaker manger for the English national football team in 1974? 14. What did Britain’s roads first acquire in 1914? 15. Which former Liverpool player held the record for the fastest hat-trick, scoring 3 goals in less than 5 minutes? 16. Myleen Klass (pictured) now presents 10 Years Younger on Channel 4, but what was the name of the pop band that gave her success in 2001? 17. Who was the presenter of Out Of Town in the 1960s who went on to appear on the children’s TV programme How? 18. Whose autobiography is called Dear Fatty? 19. Who were Tom and Barbara’s neighbours in The Good Life? 20. In Cockney rhyming slang what are your ‘Daisy Roots’? 21. What is the surname of the twin brothers who compiled the Guinness Book of Records together between 1955 and 1975? 22. Which actor played Columbo? 23. Does the Bactrian camel have one hump, or two? 24. Where is the world's largest four-faced chiming clock? 25. Concerned about the impact of uncontrolled development and industrialisation, what National Charity was founded in 1895 by three Victorian philanthropists, Miss Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley? 26. What famous make of motorcycle was Lawrence of Arabia riding when he was tragically killed in Dorset in 1936? 27. What colour of flag should a ship fly to show it is in quarantine? 28. Purple Brittlegill, Velvet Shank and Orange Milkcap are three types of what? 29. What is the name of the flats where the Trotters lived in Only Fools And Horses? 30. In computing, what does the abbreviation USB stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Saturn; 2. Tom Baker (Doctor Who actors); 3. Zeta; 4. Christopher Biggins. (I’m a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here. Joe Pasquale 04, Carol Thatcher 05, Matt Willis 06, and Joe Swash 08); 5. Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Ministers post WW1); 6. Portsmouth (FA Cup); 7. 6; 8. Thomas Becket; 9. Kirstie Allsopp; 10. Cockfighting; 11. Sky-diving; 12. Montreal; 13. Joe Mercer; 14. White Lines; 15. Robbie Fowler; 16. Hearsay; 17. Jack Hargreaves; 18. Dawn French; 19. Margo and Jerry Leadbetter; 20. Boots; 21. McWhirter (Ross and Norris); 22. Peter Falk; 23. Two; 24. The Clock Tower on the Palace of Westminster in London (Big Ben is the nickname for the bell); 25. The National Trust; 26. Brough Superior; 27. Yellow; 28. Fungi; 29. Nelson Mandela House; 30. Universal Serial Bus Like us on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,950	Under what name did English actor James Stewart, born 1913, become famous?	Obituary: Stewart Granger \| The Independent Obituary: Stewart Granger Tuesday 17 August 1993 23:02 BST Click to follow The Independent Online James Lablache Stewart (Stewart Granger), actor: born London 6 March 1913; married 1938 Elspeth March (one son, one daughter; marriage dissolved 1948), 1950 Jean Simmons (one daughter; marriage dissolved 1960), 1964 Viviane Lecerf (one daughter; marriage dissolved 1969); died Santa Monica, California 16 August 1993. TALL, DARK, debonair and rakishly handsome, Stewart Granger was one of the greatest British stars of the Forties, and went on to become one of the handful to achieve true international stardom in Hollywood. He was one of that quartet of stars - along with Margaret Lockwood, James Mason and Phyllis Calvert - who became associated with the enormous successes made by the Gainsborough Studios under the auspices of Maurice Ostrer, starting with The Man in Grey (1943), and including Fanny by Gaslight, Love Story, Madonna of the Seven Moons (all 1944), and Caravan (1946). Granger's dashing good looks, energy, humour and the arrogance that laced his romantic ardour made him the British cinema's foremost sex symbol, with a huge teenage following, and in Hollywood he took his place among the greatest swashbucklers with at least one of his movies, Scaramouche (1952), a masterpiece comparable to the best of Errol Flynn. Though Mason was the finer actor, Granger achieved greater popularity in the Hollywood cinema, and it is ironic that Mason's finest role there, as Norman Maine in A Star is Born (1954), went to him only after Granger turned it down. It is to be regretted that Granger's enormous ego (to which he freely confessed) did not allow him to accept the role or the character roles later in his career that might have sustained and enhanced his reputation. He was born James Stewart in London in 1913 and had planned to be a doctor. But he lacked the dedication (as he later admitted) to continue medical studies. A friend suggested that since he had a car and a good set of clothes he could find work as a film extra for a guinea a day. Work at the studios during 1933 - the Babe Daniels musical A Southern Mai, Allan Dwan's I Spy, in which he acted as stand-in for Ben Lyon, and Give Her a Ring are his only known credits from this period - aroused an interest in acting and Granger won a scholarship to the Webber-Douglas School of Dramatic Art. He served a long apprenticeship in the theatre, working with the Hull and Birmingham repertory companies at the Malvern Festival (1936-37), where his performance as Magnus in The Apple Cart won the approval of its author, George Bernard Shaw, as well as that of the critics, and making his London debut at Drury Lane in 1938 in a short-lived musical version of Sanders of the River called The Sun Never Sets. He later talked warmly of these early years: 'I learnt acting in the reps, where the audience teaches you - particularly timing.' At Birmingham he had met the actress Elspeth March, and in 1938, while he was appearing at the Gate Theatre in Serena Blandish with Vivien Leigh, he and March were married. The same year he was given his first sizable screen role, as the romantic lead in So This Is London. His billing read Stewart Granger, the name he had taken to avoid confusion with the Hollywood actor, though throughout his life he would be known to his friends as 'Jimmy'. In 1939 he and his wife starred in a season of plays in Aberdeen, including Hay Fever, Arms and the Man and On Approval - Michael Denison and Dulcie Gray were juveniles with the company. After touring with the Old Vic as Dunois in St Joan, Granger was given a small role in Pen Tennyson's admirably understated saga of the wartime navy Convoy (1940) before his acting career was interrupted by war service. He joined the Gordon Highlanders, then won a commission with the Black Watch but was invalided out with an ulcer. He resumed his career with two supporting film roles, in Secret Mission (1942) and Thursday's Child (1943), before being asked to take over the role of Maxim DeWinter	James Bond History - Discover The Secret Agent's Origins And More SEE ALSO – Top Ten James Bond Cars That I Would Love To Own A new novel, written by William Boyd, is planned for release in 2013. Additionally, Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young James Bond, and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character, Moneypenny. The fictional British Secret Service agent has also been adapted for television, radio, comic strip, and video game formats in addition to having been used in the longest continually running and the second-highest grossing film series to date, which started in 1962 with Dr. No, starring Sean Connery as Bond. As of 2013, there have been twenty-three films in the Eon Productions series. The most recent Bond film, Skyfall (2012), stars Daniel Craig in his third portrayal of Bond; he is the sixth actor to play Bond in the Eon series. There have also been two independent productions of Bond films: Casino Royale (a 1967 spoof) and Never Say Never Again (a 1983 remake of an earlier Eon-produced film, Thunderball). The Bond films are renowned for a number of features, including the musical accompaniment, with the theme songs having received Academy Award nominations on several occasions, and one win. Other important elements which run through most of the films include Bond’s cars, his guns, and the gadgets with which he is supplied by Q Branch. James Bond History As the central figure for his works, Ian Fleming created the fictional character of James Bond, an intelligence officer in the Secret Intelligence Service, commonly known as MI6. Bond was also known by his code number, 007, and was a Royal Naval Reserve Commander. James Bond Name Fleming took the name for his character from that of the American ornithologist James Bond, a Caribbean bird expert and author of the definitive field guide Birds of the West Indies. Fleming, a keen birdwatcher himself, had a copy of Bond’s guide and he later explained to the ornithologist’s wife that “It struck me that this brief, unromantic, Anglo-Saxon and yet very masculine name was just what I needed, and so a second James Bond was born”. He further explained that: “When I wrote the first one in 1953, I wanted Bond to be an extremely dull, uninteresting man to whom things happened; I wanted him to be a blunt instrument … when I was casting around for a name for my protagonist I thought by God, (James Bond) is the dullest name I ever heard.” —Ian Fleming, The New Yorker, 21 April 1962 Inspiration Fleming based his fictional creation on a number of individuals he came across during his time in the Naval Intelligence Division during World War II, admitting that Bond “was a compound of all the secret agents and commando types I met during the war”. Among those types were his brother, Peter, who had been involved in behind-the-lines operations in Norway and Greece during the war. Aside from Fleming’s brother, a number of others also provided some aspects of Bond’s make up, including Conrad O’Brien-ffrench, Patrick Dalzel-Job and Bill “Biffy” Dunderdale. Tastes Fleming also endowed Bond with many of his own traits, including sharing the same golf handicap, the taste for scrambled eggs and using the same brand of toiletries. Bond’s tastes are also often taken from Fleming’s own as was his behavior, with Bond’s love of golf and gambling mirroring Fleming’s own. Fleming also used his experiences of his espionage career and all other aspects of his life as inspiration when writing, including using names of school friends, acquaintances, relatives and lovers throughout his books. Background It was not until the penultimate novel, You Only Live Twice, that Fleming gave Bond a sense of family background. The book was the first to be written after the release of Dr. No in cinemas and Sean Connery’s depiction of Bond affected Fleming’s interpretation of the character, to give Bond both a sense of humor and Scottish antecedents that were not present in the previous stories. In a fictional obituary, purportedly published in The Times, Bond’s pare	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,951	Who plays Mary in the film 'There's something about Mary'?	See the Cast of 'There's Something About Mary' Then and Now See the Cast of 'There's Something About Mary' Then and Now August 8, 2013 @ 4:30 PM 20th Century Fox In 1998, writer and director duo Peter and Bobby Farrelly unleashed 'There's Something About Mary' on the world and the film became an instant comedy classic. The film follows Ted (Ben Stiller), a former high school loser who seeks out his dream girl (Cameron Diaz) for a second chance. 15 years later, we take a look back at the cast and see what they're up to now. Ben Stiller, Ted 20th Century Fox/Getty Images Then: The studio was initially reluctant to let the Farrelly brothers cast Ben Stiller, so the brothers chose a then-unknown Owen Wilson. When the studio was even more reluctant to cast Wilson, they let them go ahead with Stiller. Now: Stiller can be seen next in the adaptation of ' The Secret Life of Walter Mitty ,' which he also directed, and is currently working on a sequel to his cult comedy hit ' Zoolander .' He's married to actress Christine Taylor, and runs his own production shingle, Red Hour Ben, which produces the web series 'Burning Love.' Cameron Diaz, Mary 20th Century Fox/Getty Images Then: Cameron Diaz had become an overnight sensation thanks to roles in films like 'The Mask' and 'My Best Friend's Wedding.' Diaz plays Mary, the object of everyone's affection, even professional football players. Now: Diaz has starred in recent films 'Bad Teacher' and 'Gambit,' and can be seen next alongside Brad Pitt and Michael Fassbender in Ridley Scott's 'The Counselor.' Matt Dillon, Healy 20th Century Fox/Getty Images Then: Bill Murray, Cuba Gooding Jr., and Vince Vaughn were all considered for the role of slimy private investigator Pat Healy, but the part went to Matt Dillon, who also starred in 'Wild Things' that same year. Dillon and Diaz struck up a relationship around the time of filming. Now: Dillon recently made an appearance on the ABC sitcom 'Modern Family' and appears alongside Kristen Wiig in the indie comedy-drama 'Girl Most Likely.' Lee Evans, Tucker 20th Century Fox/Getty Images Then: Lee Evans played Tucker, a pizza delivery boy who pretends to be an architect to get closer to Mary. Though Evans is actually British, he was criticized heavily for his "fake British accent" in the film. Now: Evans is primarily a stage actor, whose film and television credits include 'The Ladies Man' and 'Doctor Who.' He can be seen this September in the stage play 'Barking in Essex.' Chris Elliott, Dom 20th Century Fox/Getty Images Then: Former 'SNL' cast member and star of 'Cabin Boy' Chris Elliott played Dom, Ted's friend who -- surprise -- also has a crush on Mary. Elliott previously starred in the Farrelly brothers' film 'Kingpin.' Now: Elliott has appeared on 'How I Met Your Mother' and 'Bored to Death,' and currently has his own show on Adult Swim called 'Eagleheart.' His daughter, Abby, starred on 'SNL' from 2008 to 2012 and his latest book, 'The Guy Under the Sheets,' came out last year. Lin Shaye, Magda 20th Century Fox/Getty Images Then: Like Elliott, veteran actress Lin Shaye also appeared in the Farrelly brothers' film 'Kingpin.' In 'There's Something About Mary,' Shaye plays Mary's eccentric neighbor, Magda. Now: Shaye recently appeared in 'Insidious,' and will reprise her role for the upcoming 'Insidious Chapter 2.' She reunited with the Farrelly brothers for their big screen version of 'The Three Stooges.' Jeffrey Tambor, Sully	From Russia with Love (1963) - Alternate Versions - IMDb From Russia with Love (1963) Alternate Versions Showing all 7 items In the French theatrical version the end title song "From Russia With Love" by Matt Monro was sung in French by Swedish singer/actor Bob Askolf under the title "Bons baisers de Russie". Russian dialogue is translated in subtitles on some video prints of the film, but not on some TV prints. Compared to the cinema prints of the 70·s and the first video issues, the end titles on present video and DVD prints are now longer and slightly different in content. Some TV prints omit the gypsy girl fight. One Canadian showing in the 1990s omitted the gypsy camp segment altogether. The 2001 DVD release corrects the misspelling of Martine Beswick's name in the credits. ABC broadcasts in the mid-1970s omitted the pre-credits sequence. The original cinema release was cut by the BBFC to receive an "A" rating: Uses of the words "lovers" and "physical enjoyment" were cut. The gypsy dance was edited, including a shot of her bending backwards. The subsequent fight was reduced. A shot of Tatiana walking to the bed nude was cut. (This was later reinstated in video releases) Bonds reference to searching Tatiana was cut, and the kissing is reduced. Tatiana's line "I hope I came up to expectations" was cut. The scene where agents are shown filming Bond and Tatiana in the bed was shortened and darkened. "Was I" in the line "Was I as exciting as all those Western girls?" was changed to "Am I". Bond's line "two hours should straighten this out" as he lowers the blind on the Orient Express was removed. In the train compartment, Grant's line "What a performance!" when referring to the reel of film was cut. The Bond-Grant fight was reduced. When Bond shoots Klebb, her expressions of pain were reduced and the latter part of her moaning was muted. Bond's repeat of the line "What a performance!" on the boat was cut. See also	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,952	What is the title of the 1983 film in which teenager Tom Cruise turns his parents home into a brothel?	Risky Business (1983) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A Chicago teenager is looking for fun at home while his parents are away, but the situation quickly gets out of hand. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 42 titles created 01 Dec 2010 a list of 34 titles created 21 Apr 2015 a list of 36 titles created 19 Jul 2015 a list of 21 titles created 16 Dec 2015 a list of 37 titles created 6 months ago Search for " Risky Business " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 1 Golden Globe. Another 2 nominations. See more awards » Videos A talented New York City bartender takes a job at a bar in Jamaica and falls in love. Director: Roger Donaldson As students at the United States Navy's elite fighter weapons school compete to be best in the class, one daring young pilot learns a few things from a civilian instructor that are not taught in the classroom. Director: Tony Scott A high school football player desperate for a scholarship and his headstrong coach clash in a dying Pennsylvania steel town. Director: Michael Chapman A young hot-shot stock car driver gets his chance to compete at the top level. Director: Tony Scott Fast Eddie Felson teaches a cocky but immensely talented protégé the ropes of pool hustling, which in turn inspires him to make an unlikely comeback. Director: Martin Scorsese When a sports agent has a moral epiphany and is fired for expressing it, he decides to put his new philosophy to the test as an independent with the only athlete who stays with him. Director: Cameron Crowe A young lawyer joins a prestigious law firm only to discover that it has a sinister dark side. Director: Sydney Pollack The biography of Ron Kovic. Paralyzed in the Vietnam war, he becomes an anti-war and pro-human rights political activist after feeling betrayed by the country he fought for. Director: Oliver Stone Military cadets take extreme measures to insure the future of their academy when its existence is threatened by local condo developers. Director: Harold Becker A young man leaves Ireland with his landlord's daughter after some trouble with her father, and they dream of owning land at the big give-away in Oklahoma ca. 1893. When they get to the new... See full summary » Director: Ron Howard The rivalry between two gangs, the poor greasers and the rich Socs, only heats up when one gang member kills a member of the other. Director: Francis Ford Coppola Neo military lawyer Kaffee defends Marines accused of murder; they contend they were acting under orders. Director: Rob Reiner Edit Storyline A suburban Chicago teenager's parents leave on vacation, and he cuts loose. An unauthorised trip in his father's Porsche means a sudden need for lots of money, which he raises in a creative way. Written by Jon Reeves <jreeves@imdb.com> See All (136) » Taglines: Joel had all the normal teenage fantasies...cars, girls, money. Then his parents left for a week, and all his fantasies came true. [UK Theatrical] See more » Genres: 5 August 1983 (USA) See more » Also Known As: Did You Know? Trivia Among the actors who auditioned for the role of Joel were Tom Hanks and Nicolas Cage . See more » Goofs On two occasions in the film, Joel's SAT scores were revealed to be 597 Verbal and 560 Math. SAT scores were rounded to the nearest ten starting in the early seventies, so Joel's scores should both have ended in zeros. See more » Quotes [first lines] Joel Goodson : [voiceover] The dream is always the same. Instead of going home, I go to the neighbors'. I ring, but nobody answers. The door is open, so I go inside. I'm looking around for the people, but nobody seems to be there. And then I hear the shower running, so I go upstairs to see what's what. Then I see her; this... girl, th	The Year in Music - 1983 The Year in Music - 1983 Boy George, Cyndi Lauper, George Strait By 1983 the "New Music" of the Eighties -- a blend of rock, soul, disco and reggae wrapped in synth -- had become well-established, and record sales were up after a long slump that had started in the late 1970s. According to TIME Magazine, a "diverse but irresistible mix of sounds has brought the kids back not only to the record racks but to the clubs and concerts as well." A plethora of new acts had injected life into the music industry, with a lot of help from MTV, which by September of this year was reaching over 15 million households. Many of the new acts came from overseas -- in fact, it could be said that a second "British Invasion" occurred in the early Eighties, with groups like The Human League, Soft Cell, Culture Club, Duran Duran, A Flock of Seagulls and the Thompson Twins setting the electropop parameters. Australian groups like Men at Work and INXS were also beginning to fare quite well in America. On the dance floor, David Bowie's "Let's Dance" and Michael Jackson's "Billie Jean" defined the post-disco beat. Last year, rock radio had been playing 75% rock classics; this year they played 75% new music. MTV's five "vee-jays" -- Nina Blackwood, Mark Goodman, Alan Hunter, J.J. Jackson and Martha Quinn -- were airing 300 videos a day, none of which MTV paid for. Record companies realized that rock videos were highly effective sales devices. In 1981, only 23 of Billboard's Top 100 singles were supported by videos; in 1983, over 50% of them were -- as were 17 of the Top 20 albums. MTV sold more music in a single year than radio had in the past five. Research by MTV's parent company, Warner/Amex, revealed that MTV viewers bought an average of nine albums a year, well above the national average. And the average MTV viewer was 25 and made over $30,000 a year -- a statistic that did not escape the 125 advertisers who paid $1,500 for 30 seconds of airtime. In 1982 Les Garland, Vice President of Programming for MTV, said, "The record companies were in serious trouble in 1980 and 1981. They didn't know if [MTV] would help. But they're just now starting to . . . have visions of coming back." No band was more effective than Duran Duran in riding the video wave to success; in 1983 MTV was giving plenty of air play to four of their videos -- "Hungry Like the Wolf," "Rio," "Save A Prayer" and "Girls on Film." However, in spite of the second British Invasion, the most requested act on MTV was the duo of Hall & Oates, which had enjoyed a string of big hits in the early Eighties, including "Maneater," "Private Eyes" and "Your Kiss Is On My List." This was the year that MTV conquered the New York City and Los Angeles markets, and network television as well as local outfits were packaging their own video programs. Ted Turner's WTBS superstation debuted Night Tracks and in July NBC introduced its Friday Night Videos. Video jukeboxes began showing up in clubs and restaurants all across the country. Record companies were having no luck convincing Congress that home taping should be made illegal (as it was in other countries, including Britain.) CBS had created a "spoiler" -- a device in the recording system that when activated by an electronic signal on the pre-recorded cassette or LP prevented duplication -- but didn't dare use it unless legislation required other companies to do likewise. Compact discs were a new idea that many experts in the field doubted would ever really catch on; although no one disputed that CD sound quality was superior to that of cassettes or LPs, the cost of a CD player was prohibitively high at $800-$1,500, while the CD itself cost $20. To recoup expenses for videos airing on MTV for free, record companies began marketing video singles, 10-15 minute video cassettes. Meanwhile, independent label Arista signed a distribution deal with RCA, while Chrysalis did the same with CBS and Motown linked up with MCA. In 1983 a profound change in country music began to take root in Nashville. Texas-born	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,953	Which sporting event, first held in July 1903, was the idea of Geo Lefevre, a journalist on L'Auto newspaper ?	The Birth of the Tour de France, 110 Years Ago - History in the Headlines The Birth of the Tour de France, 110 Years Ago June 28, 2013 By Christopher Klein 2012 Tour de France The Birth of the Tour de France, 110 Years Ago Author The Birth of the Tour de France, 110 Years Ago URL Google Launched as a newspaper publicity stunt in 1903, the Tour de France instantly proved itself an epic test of endurance, with competitors in the first race pedaling through the night on grueling stages that lasted upwards of 24 hours. Cheating was also endemic from the very start. As the Tour de France embarks on its 100th edition—world wars canceled 11 races—take a look back at the birth of the world’s most famous cycling race. On July 1, 1903, 60 men mounted their bicycles outside the Café au Reveil Matin in the Parisian suburb of Montgeron. The five-dozen riders were mostly French, with just a sprinkle of Belgians, Swiss, Germans and Italians. A third were professionals sponsored by bicycle manufacturers, the others simply devotees of the sport. All 60 wheelmen, however, were united by the challenge of embarking on an unprecedented test of endurance—not to mention the 20,000 francs in prize money—in the inaugural Tour de France. At 3:16 p.m., the cyclists turned the pedals of their bicycles and raced into the unknown. Nothing like the Tour de France had ever been attempted before. Journalist Geo Lefevre had dreamt up the fanciful race as a stunt to boost the circulation of his struggling daily sports newspaper, L’Auto. Henri Desgrange, the director-editor of L’Auto and a former champion cyclist himself, loved the idea of turning France into one giant velodrome. They developed a 1,500-mile clockwise loop of the country running from Paris to Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux and Nantes before returning to the French capital. There were no Alpine climbs and only six stages—as opposed to the 21 stages in the 2013 Tour— but the distances covered in each of them were monstrous, an average of 250 miles. (No single stage in the 2013 Tour tops 150 miles.) Between one and three rest days were scheduled between stages for recovery. The inaugural Tour de France, July 1903. The first stage of the epic race was particularly dastardly. The route from Paris to Lyon stretched nearly 300 miles. No doubt several of the riders who wheeled away from Paris worried not about winning the race—but surviving it. Unlike today’s riders, the cyclists in 1903 rode over unpaved roads without helmets. They rode as individuals, not team members. Riders could receive no help. They could not glide in the slipstream of fellow riders or vehicles of any kind. They rode without support cars. Cyclists were responsible for making their own repairs. They even rode with spare tires and tubes wrapped around their torsos in case they developed flats. And unlike modern-day riders, the cyclists in the 1903 Tour de France, forced to cover enormous swathes of land, spent much of the race riding through the night with moonlight the only guide and stars the only spectators. During the early morning hours of the first stage, race officials came across many competitors “riding like sleepwalkers.” Hour after hour through the night, riders abandoned the race. One of the favorites, Hippolyte Aucouturier, quit after developing stomach cramps, perhaps from the swigs of red wine he took as an early 1900s version of a performance enhancer. Twenty-three riders abandoned the first stage of the race, but the one man who barreled through the night faster than anyone else was another pre-race favorite, 32-year-old professional Maurice Garin. The mustachioed French national worked as a chimney sweep as a teenager before becoming one of France’s leading cyclists. Caked in mud, the diminutive Garin crossed the finish line in Lyon a little more than 17 hours after the start outside Paris. In spite of the race’s length, he won by only one minute. “The Little Chimney Sweep” built his lead as the race progressed. By the fifth stage, Garin had a two-hour advantage. When his nearest competitor suffered two f	Le Mans Project by Virtua_LM Semi-permanent road course Circuit History Rivalling Indianapolis as the most famous racing circuit in the world, Le Mans can undoubtedly lay claim to the distinction of hosting the most famous race in the world. The 24 Heures Du Mans has been an annual institution since 1923, the only interuption ebing in 1936 (due to the poor state of the economy) and from 1940 to 1948 (World War 2). Racing had been held in the Le Mans area by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) since 1906, but the familiar layout we see today derives from a 10.71 mile course from Pontlieue to Mulsanne and Arnage, first used in 1921. The circuit rose to international prominence thanks to the 24 Hour race, the origins of which can be traced back to a letter recieved by Georges Durand, secretary of the ACO, on October 9, 1922. It was from Emille Coquille, director of the French subsidiary of Rudge Whitworth Wheels. Coquille offered 100,000 francs to help the ACO to organise a race - and set no stipulation as to the format. Seizing on the offer, the ACO decided on an endurance test for production cars to help drive technology forward. The first race took place on May 25 and 26 1923 and was won by Lagache and Léonard in a Chenard-Walcker. Amazingly, 30 of the 33 starters made it to the finish. In 1926 a fierce argument broke out between the ACO and some of the landowners on which some of the facilities were built. The ACO moved its main grandstand and paddock to a racecourse adjacent to the circuit but by the following year a financial agreement was reached and the circuit returned to normal. That year also saw the Pontlieue to Mulsanne section asphalted and car parks for some 3,000 vehicles constructed. The first major alteration to the circuit layout was made in 1929, when a link road was inserted to bypass the section through the Pontlieue suburbs. The Rue du Circuit left the Pontlieue road 440 yards before the houses and joined the Route Nationale to Tours via two right-hand bends. However, by 1932 even this had been rendered unsuitable for the racing cars, with the section leading to it considered too narrow to be safe. As a result, the ACO purchased a strip of land from the pits to Tertre Rouge, constructing the Dunlop Curve and the famous Esses as a new link road. World War 2 provided an unhappy interruption to proceedings, with the circuit taken over during the German occupation to serve the airstrip which ran alongside. It took until 1948 to revive the circuit and the race resumed the following year. While the roads had survived the war intact and in good condition, all of the circuit facilities had been razed and needed to be re-built. Five new covered gradnstands were constructed, along with a new pit building and shops, with restaurants and bars soon also springing up. The grimmest episode in motor racing history unfolded at Le Mans in 1955, with a tragic crash marring the great race's history. The Mercedes of Pierre Levegh collided on the pit straight with Lance Macklin's Austin-Healey and was launched into the air before exploding into the embankment, killing the unfortunate Levegh and 83 spectators. Mercedes withdrew from the race - and from international motorsport at the end of the year - and question marks were raised as to whether motor racing itself was safe to continue. Changes were immediately put in place for the 1956 race, which was held a month later than usual in July to allow them to be completed. The pits were moved further back from the track and the pit straight widened. Spectator enclosures were moved back and safety barriers installed, while two new subways were inserted for pedestrians and cars. In 1965, a new short course was constructed - named the Bugatti Circuit - which allowed racing to continue without the need to disrupt the Route Nationale. Twisty and relatively short, it utilises the pit straight and Dunlop Curve, before turning right ahead of the Esses and rejoining at the pit straight. It was used once by Formula One for the French GP in 1967 and proved unpopular but ha	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,954	By what name was the serial killer Albert DeSalvo, who killed 13 women between 1962 and 1964, better known?	The Boston Strangler \| Criminal Minds Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The first murder attributed to the Boston Strangler was committed on June 14, 1962. The victim was Anna E. Slesers, a 55-year-old seamstress. It was initially attributed to a suicide, but was then believed to have been the result of a botched robbery, even though several pieces of jewelry were found at the scene. Between that day and August 30, five more women were killed; the second, an 85-year-old, died of a heart attack while her attacker was trying to strangle her. All of those victims were middle-aged or elderly, the youngest being 55. The Strangler then appears to have stopped killing for a few months, returning on December 5. During this second round of murders, the victims were usually in their late teens or early 20s. At the last crime scene, that of Mary Sullivan on January 4, 1964, the killer left a Happy New Year card propped up against her left foot. During the investigation, two psychics got involved with the task force in charge of the case, the "Strangler Bureau". The first, Paul Gordon, was an ad copywriter said to have ESP powers. He made a description of the killer of Anna E. Slesers which fit Arnold Wallace, a mental patient held at Boston State Hospital who had escaped on several occasions, most of which coincided with the Strangler murders. When he was consulted about the seventh Strangler murder, that of Sophie Clark, he, surprisingly, displayed detailed knowledge of her apartment and made a description that fit Lewis Barnett, who was an initial suspect in the murder. Nothing concrete came out of Gordon's advice. The second psychic, Peter Hurkos , was a well-known career psychic. He claimed to have assisted in the investigation and is confirmed to have been in Boston at the time of the investigation and to have spent time with the police, but a few days later, he was arrested for impersonating a police officer in order to gather information and later convicted of it. James A. Brussel , who previously had made a spot-on profile of the Mad Bomber in New York, aided the authorities. Unlike many contemporary and later psychologists and psychoanalysts involved in the case, he asserted that the murders were the work of a single man, attributing the changes in his behavior to changes in his regular life. In November of 1964, a convicted burglar named Albert DeSalvo (see below ), was caught for an unrelated series of attacks and confessed to the Strangler murders. Albert DeSalvo Edit DeSalvo at the time of his arrest. Albert Henry DeSalvo was born on September 3, 1931 in Chelsea, Massachusetts. His father, Frank DeSalvo, was a sadistic, violent, alcoholic fisherman from Newfoundland who brutally abused his wife, Charlotte DeSalvo, Albert and his five siblings, one brother and four sisters, and would regularly take home prostitutes and have sex with them in front of his family. Albert once saw him beat all of the teeth out of Charlotte's mouth and then break her fingers one by one. Frank also once sold all his children to a farmer in Maine for $9, though they managed to break out and return home, at which point Frank began teaching him to steal and encouraged him to do so. In 1943, aged 12, Albert was arrested for battery and robbery and was sent to a reform school. The next year he was paroled and got a job as a delivery boy. He was sent back to the same reform school for auto theft only two years later. At the age of 17, after being released, he enlisted in the U.S. Army and was sent to Europe, where he met a German woman, Irmgard Beck, whom he married and brought back to the States, where he did a second tour in the Army. During his second tour, at Fort Dix, New Jersey, he was arrested for molesting a nine-year-old girl, narrowly escaping conviction because her parents wouldn't press charges. In spite of his court-martial, he was honorably discharged in 1956. Shortly afterwards, he was arrested twice for robbery. He demanded sex from his wife six times a day and called her rigid if she refused. When their first child, a girl named	SWDB Hall of Fame/Leading Actors - The Spaghetti Western Database SWDB Hall of Fame/Leading Actors From The Spaghetti Western Database Tony Anthony October 16, 1937 (Clarksburg West Virginia, USA)- Born Antonio Pettito, Anthony not only starred in several memorable Spaghetti Westerns, but was a producer, writer or both in all of these films as well. He first starred as the “Stranger” in A Stranger in Town (1967). Released by MGM and passed off as an imitation of the “Dollars Trilogy”, Anthony nevertheless brought his own unique spin to the titular character. Anthony played the role more vulnerable and sneaky than his Clint Eastwood counterpart and the film became a sleeper hit. Anthony went on reprise his role as “The Stranger” in two sequels, The Stranger Returns (1967) and The Silent Stranger aka The Stranger in Japan (1968). He starred in the Zatoichi inspired Blindman (1971). The film was also a big hit and remains his best known role. He also starred in the bizarre fantasy western, Get Mean (1976), which is considered to be an unofficial forth entry in the “Stranger” series of films. His last Spaghetti Western vehicle was the 3D film Comin’ At Ya! (1981) which was successful enough in the states to help set off 3D films as a brief fad in the early 1980s. Besides westerns, Anthony also starred in the 3D adventure film, Treasure of the Four Crowns (1983). He also helped to produce Wild Orchid (1989) and the TV western, Dollar for the Dead (1998). Year of Induction: 2012 Clint Eastwood May 31, 1930 (San Francisco California, USA)- He starred in only three Spaghetti Westerns, yet he is easily the most recognizable face in the genre. The three Sergio Leone directed films, A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966) catapulted Eastwood to worldwide stardom, with each successive film grander than the previous. Initially derided by the critics, the films are now generally recognized as masterpieces. Today, those three films, and Eastwood’s unforgettable portrayal of the laconic, anti-hero, “The Man With No Name”, have embedded themselves into the mainstream consciousness. Eastwood’s iconic role paved the way and set the standard for other Spaghetti Western stars. Eastwood returned to America and used his success in the Spaghetti Western genre as a launching pad for his legendary, multi-decade long career in Hollywood as both an actor and director in westerns and non-westerns alike, including Dirty Harry (1971), The Outlaw Josey Wales (1976), and Gran Torino (2008). His crowning achievements are perhaps his western Unforgiven (1992), and the boxing drama Million Dollar Baby (2004), both of which he starred, directed, and won two Oscars for each. But even with all his Hollywood super-stardom, his roles in the “Man With No Name" trilogy remain among his most iconic achievement in film. Year of Induction: 2010 Gianni Garko aka John Garko July 15, 1935 (Zadar, Italy now Croatia)- Born Giovanni Garkovich, Garko was initially billed as Gary Hudson in his first two Spaghetti Westerns, but was later billed as John Garko in many of his subsequent films. Garko is best known for portraying one of the most popular and iconic characters in the Spaghetti Western genre, “ Sartana ”, in four films. Garko played unrelated characters sharing the same name in two other films as well. The Sartana character, an almost superhuman gunfighter and gambler who combined elements of James Bond and Mandrake the Magician became so popular in Europe that many unofficial sequels were spawned. Garko himself appeared in a total of 14 Spaghetti Westerns from 1966 to 1973 (of which 5 were directed by long time collaborator Giuliano Carnimeo), many of them experiencing strong box office success and continued acclaim from fans. He also appeared in Bad Man's River (1971), alongside Lee Van Cleef. A handsome, talented and versatile actor, Garko has a total of 99 film and television credits to his name in a variety of genres in a career spanning almost 50 years, including the Oscar nominated Kapo (1959	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,955	What element are computer chips typically made from?	Making Silicon Chips Making Silicon Chips The surprising process behind Intel® technology The world’s most advanced manufacturing Today silicon chips are everywhere. Intel creates industry-leading and world-first silicon products. These Intel® chips are some of the most complex devices ever manufactured, requiring advanced manufacturing technology. Step into a modern "fab" where Intel makes its chips, and you’ll discover a range of sophisticated processes spanning close to a million square feet of space. See the steps involved > Driving all forms of digital innovation Intel chips power Ultrabook™ devices, smartphones, tablets, high performance computing, data centers, and the Internet. They automate factories and are embedded in automobiles and everyday devices. The most sophisticated processor can contain hundreds of millions or billions of transistors interconnected by fine wires made of copper. Each of these transistors acts as an on/off switch, controlling the flow of electricity through the chip to send, receive, and process information. Chips today may have multiple cores. Silicon Silicon, the principal ingredient in beach sand, is a natural semiconductor and the most abundant element on Earth except for oxygen. Wafers To make wafers, silicon is purified, melted, and cooled to form an ingot, which is then sliced into discs called wafers. Chips are built simultaneously in a grid formation on the wafer surface in a fabrication facility or “fab.” Chips A chip is a complex device that forms the brains of every computing device. While chips look flat, they are three-dimensional structures and may include as many as 30 layers of complex circuitry. Clean rooms Chips are fabricated in batches of wafers in clean rooms that are thousands of times cleaner than hospital operating rooms. Bunny suits Fab technicians wear special suits, nicknamed bunny suits, designed to keep contaminants such as lint and hair off the wafers during chip manufacturing. Design The way a chip works is the result of how a chip’s transistors and gates are designed and the ultimate use of the chip. Design specifications that include chip size, number of transistors, testing, and production factors are used to create schematics—symbolic representations of the transistors and interconnections that control the flow of electricity though a chip. Designers then make stencil-like patterns, called masks, of each layer. Designers use computer-aided design (CAD) workstations to perform comprehensive simulations and tests of the chip functions. To design, test, and fine-tune a chip and make it ready for fabrication takes hundreds of people. Fabrication and test The "recipe" for making a chip varies depending on the chip’s proposed use. Making chips is a complex process requiring hundreds of precisely controlled steps that result in patterned layers of various materials built one on top of another. A photolithographic "printing" process is used to form a chip’s multilayered transistors and interconnects (electrical circuits) on a wafer. Hundreds of identical processors are created in batches on a single silicon wafer. Once all the layers are completed, a computer performs a process called wafer sort test. The testing ensures that the chips perform to design specifications. High-performance packaging After fabrication, it's time for packaging. The wafer is cut into individual pieces called die. The die is packaged between a substrate and a heat spreader to form a completed processor. The package protects the die and delivers critical power and electrical connections when placed directly into a computer circuit board or mobile device, such as a smartphone or tablet. Intel makes chips that have many different applications and use a variety of packaging technologies. Intel packages undergo final testing for functionality, performance, and power. Chips are electrically coded, visually inspected, and packaged in protective shipping material for shipment to Intel customers and retail.	Computer based General Knowledge Questions and Answers Computer GK -> Questions from Internert technology 1. "The fathers of the Internet" is Ans : Vint Cerf 2. Which is the news search engine introduced by Rediff.com in 2012? Ans : Realtime News Search 3. The inventor of the World Wide Web? Ans : Tim Berners-Lee --> The first web browser was invented in 1990 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee. It was called WorldWideWeb and was later renamed Nexus.) 4. The founder of Netscape Communications? Ans : Marc Andreessen -co-authored Mosaic, the first widely-used web browser and he founded Netscape Communications. 5.Where was the first computer installed in India? Ans : Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 6.In internet terminology IP means Internet Protocol 7. The first page of a website is called the Ans : Home page 8. A website addresss is a unique name that identifies a specific ____________ on the web. Ans : Link 9. A ______ is a computer attached to the internet that runs a special web server software and can send web pages out to the other computer over the internet. Ans : Web sever 10. Which software application is used for accessing sites or information on a network ( as the world wide web)? Ans : Web browser 11. It is a small piece of text stored on a user's computer by a web browser for maintaining the state. What we are talking about? Ans : Cookie 12. Which company is nicknamed "Big Blue" ? Ans : IBM(International Business Machines Corporation) 13. Which was the first ever web server software? Ans : CERN httpd(later also known as W3C httpd) - was a web server (HTTP) daemon originally developed at CERN , it live on 25 December 1990. 14. The standard protocol of the Internet is Ans : TCP/IP	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,956	October 9th, 1967, saw the execution of major asshat Ernesto “Che” Guevara by soldiers from which South American Country?	The Death of Che Guevara: U.S. declassified documents The Death of Che Guevara: Declassified By Peter Kornbluh National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 5 For more information contact: Peter Kornbluh 202/994-7000 or nsarchiv@gwu.edu Washington, D.C. – On October 9th, 1967, Ernesto "Che" Guevara was put to death by Bolivian soldiers, trained, equipped and guided by U.S. Green Beret and CIA operatives. His execution remains a historic and controversial event; and thirty years later, the circumstances of his guerrilla foray into Bolivia, his capture, killing, and burial are still the subject of intense public interest and discussion around the world. As part of the thirtieth anniversary of the death of Che Guevara, the National Security Archive's Cuba Documentation Project is posting a selection of key CIA, State Department, and Pentagon documentation relating to Guevara and his death. This electronic documents book is compiled from declassified records obtained by the National Security Archive, and by authors of two new books on Guevara: Jorge Castañeda's Compañero: The Life and Death of Che Guevara (Knopf), and Henry Butterfield Ryan's The Fall of Che Guevara (Oxford University Press). The selected documents, presented in order of the events they depict, provide only a partial picture of U.S. intelligence and military assessments, reports and extensive operations to track and "destroy" Che Guevara's guerrillas in Bolivia; thousands of CIA and military records on Guevara remain classified. But they do offer significant and valuable information on the high-level U.S. interest in tracking his revolutionary activities, and U.S. and Bolivian actions leading up to his death. DECLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS CIA, The Fall of Che Guevara and the Changing Face of the Cuban Revolution, October 18, 1965 This intelligence memorandum, written by a young CIA analyst, Brian Latell, presents an assessment that Guevara's preeminence as a leader of the Cuban revolution has waned, and his internal and international policies have been abandoned. In domestic policy, his economic strategy of rapid industrialization has "brought the economy to its lowest point since Castro came to power," the paper argues. In foreign policy, he "never wavered from his firm revolutionary stand, even as other Cuban leaders began to devote most of their attention to the internal problems of the revolution." With Guevara no longer in Cuba, the CIA's assessment concludes, "there is no doubt that Castro's more cautious position on exporting revolution, as well as his different economic approach, led to Che's downfall." U.S. Army, Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Activation, Organization and Training of the 2d Battalion - Bolivian Army, April 28, 1967 This memorandum of understanding, written by the head of the U.S. MILGP (Military Group) in Bolivia and signed by the commander of the Bolivian armed forces, created the Second Ranger Battalion to pursue Che Guevara's guerrilla band. The agreement specifies the mission of a sixteen-member Green Beret team of U.S. special forces, drawn from the 8th Special Forces division of the U.S. Army Forces at Southcom in Panama, to "produce a rapid reaction force capable of counterinsurgency operations and skilled to the degree that four months of intensive training can be absorbed by the personnel presented by the Bolivian Armed Forces." In October, the 2nd Battalion, aided by U.S. military and CIA personnel, did engage and capture Che Guevara's small band of rebels. White House Memorandum, May 11, 1967 This short memo to President Lyndon Johnson records U.S. efforts to track Guevara's movements, and keep the President informed of his whereabouts. Written by presidential advisor, Walt Rostow, the memo reports that Guevara may be "operational" and not dead as the CIA apparently believed after his disappearance from Cuba. CIA, Intelligence Information Cable, October 17, 1967 T	Che Guevara — Ethnicity of Celebs \| What Nationality Ancestry Race by ethnic on August 28, 2010 Birth Name: Ernesto Guevara Date of Birth: June 14, 1928 Place of Birth: Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina Date of Death: October 9, 1967 Place of Death: La Higuera, Vallegrande, Bolivia Ethnicity: Spanish-Argentinian, Basque, Spanish-Mexican, Spanish-Chilean, 1/64th Irish Che Guevara was an Argentinian Marxist revolutionary, guerrilla leader, military theorist, physician, author, and diplomat. Che had Spanish-Argentinian, Basque, Spanish-Mexican, Spanish-Chilean, and 1/64th Irish, ancestry. Cher was born to an upper class family, the son of Ernesto Rafael Guevara Lynch and Celia de la Serna y Llosa. Through his paternal grandmother, Ana Isabel Lynch Ortiz, he was a descendant of Patrick Lynch Blake, who emigrated from County Galway, Ireland in the 1740s. Through his “Lynch” line, Che was related to Chilean Admiral Patricio Lynch. Che’s paternal grandfather was Roberto Guevara Castro (the son of Juan Antonio Guevara Calderón and María Concepción Dolores del Rosario Castro Peralta). Juan was the son of José Rosendo de Guevara Cevicos and Jacoba Calderón de la Barca Silva. María Concepción Dolores del Rosario was the daughter of Guillermo Castro García and María Luisa Fermina Bárbara Guadalupe Peralta Alviso. Che’s paternal grandmother was Ana Isabel Lynch Ortiz (the daughter of Francisco de Paula Eustaquio Lynch Zavaleta and Eloisa Ortiz Alfaro). Francisco was the son of Patricio Joseph Julián Lynch y Roo and María Isabel de Zabaleta y Riglos. Eloisa was the daughter of Francisco Ortiz and Jasna Alfaro. Che’s maternal grandfather was Juan Martín de la Serna Ugalde (the son of Juan Martin de la Serna Fonrodona and Carmen Ugalde). Che’s great-grandfather Juan was the son of Martín Ignacio de la Serna Loaces and Rafaela Sebastiana del Corazón de Jesús Fonrodona Chaves. Che’s maternal grandmother was Edelmira de la Llosa Lacroze (the daughter of Juan Benito de la Llosa Ortega and Mercedes Lacroze Cernadas). Juan was the son of Anacleto de la Llosa Palleja and Ricarda Ortega Morales. Mercedes was the daughter of Juan Alejandro Lacroze Durán, who was born in Castillon, Dordogne, France, and of Mercedes de la Santísima Trinidad Cernadas Concha. Source: Genealogy of Che Guevara – http://www.geni.com Photo by Neftali /Bigstock.com Xaun March 8, 2012 at 9:04 am In the list of origins of Ernesto Guevara, you’ve put first Spanish, but is BASQUE the first surname, Guevara. GUEVARA (in Basque must be written GEBARA, which is read identically as Guevara) is a Basque surname which can have different origins: 1- A village called GEBARA in the province of Araba / Alava, in Euskal Herria or Basque Country. 2- 3 farms called GEBARA, GEBARA-BERRI and GEBARA-LARRE (the first two, disappeared, in Irun, province of Gipuzkoa, and the 3rd one in the nearby town, Hondarribia, in the same province). 3- A nobiliar house in a village called Segura, also in the province of Gipuzkoa (in the Basque Country, under Spanish rule). On the other hand, Ernesto Guevara’s fathers family name was obviously GUEVARA. It is after this surname that he had, as 2nd surname, LYNCH. But Ernesto Guevara’s mother’s surname goes before Lynch in Ernesto’s surname list, which goes like this: Ernesto GUEVARA / DE LA SERNA / LYNCH / …	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,957	What mythical creature has a dragon's head, a serpent's tail and a body with wings and legs?	Dragons ~ Mythical Birds \| Mythical Creatures Dragons ~ Mythical Birds ᴍʏᴛʜɪᴄᴀʟ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sᴋʏ ____________________________ But, they all share one quality. They are all mythical, Used for folklore and bedtime stories." __________________________________________ The word dragon entered the English language in the early 13th century from Old French dragon, which in turn comes from Latin draconem (nominative draco) meaning "huge serpent, dragon," from the Greek word δράκ?ν, drakon (genitive drakontos, δράκοντος) "serpent, giant seafish". The Greek and Latin term referred to any great serpent, not necessarily mythological, and this usage was also current in English up to the 18th century. In Western folklore, dragons are usually portrayed as evil, with exceptions mainly in Welsh folklore and modern fiction. This is in contrast to Chinese dragons, which are traditionally depicted as more benevolent creatures. In the modern period, the European dragon is typically depicted as a huge, fire-breathing, scaly, horned, lizard-like creature; the creature also has leathery, bat-like wings, four legs, and a long, muscular prehensile tail. Some depictions show dragons with feathered wings, crests, fiery manes, ivory spikes running down its spine, and various exotic decorations. ____________________________________________ Morphology A dragon is a mythological representation of a reptile. In antiquity, dragons were mostly envisaged as serpents, but since the Middle Ages, it has become common to depict them with legs, resembling a lizard. Dragons are usually shown in modern times with a body like a huge lizard, or a snake with two pairs of lizard-type legs, and able to emit fire from their mouths. The European dragon has bat-like wings growing from its back. A dragon-like creature with wings but only a single pair of legs is known as a wyvern. ____________________________________________________ Comparative mythology Further information: Chaoskampf, Sea serpent, Proto-Indo-European religion § Dragon or Serpent and Serpent (Bible) The association of the serpent with a monstrous opponent overcome by a heroic deity has its roots in the mythology of the Ancient Near East, including Canaanite (Hebrew, Ugaritic), Hittite and Mesopotamian. Humbaba, the fire-breathing dragon-fanged beast first described in the Epic of Gilgamesh is sometimes described as a dragon with Gilgamesh playing the part of dragon-slayer. The legless serpent (Chaoskampf) motif entered Greek mythology and ultimately Christian mythology, although the serpent motif may already be part of prehistoric Indo-European mythology as well, based on comparative evidence of Indic and Germanic material. Saint George Killing the Dragon, 1434/35, by Martorell Although dragons occur in many legends around the world, different cultures have varying stories about monsters that have been grouped together under the dragon label. Some dragons are said to breathe fire or to be poisonous, such as in the Old English poem Beowulf. They are commonly portrayed as serpentine or reptilian, hatching from eggs and possessing typically scaly or feathered bodies. They are sometimes portrayed as hoarding treasure. Some myths portray them with a row of dorsal spines. European dragons are more often winged, while Chinese dragons resemble large snakes. Dragons can have a variable number of legs: none, two, four, or more when it comes to early European literature. Dragons are often held to have major spiritual significance in various religions and cultures around the world. In many Asian cultures dragons were, and in some cultures still are, revered as representative of the primal forces of nature, religion and the universe. They are associated with wisdom—often said to be wiser than humans—and longevity. They are commonly said to possess some form of magic or other supernatural power, and are often associated with wells, rain, and rivers. In some cultures, they are also said to be capable of human speech. In some traditions dragons are said to have taught humans to talk. The Order of the Dragon was cre	Mythical Hybrids MYTHICAL HYBRIDS Go to A-Z List Hybrids, in the mythical realm, are creatures that combine the features and body parts of more than one real species. There are non-human versions that combine features of one or more animal species such as the basilisks , the Chimera and griffins . Then, there are also part human combinations such as the very popular centaurs and mermaids . Now, these mythical creatures seem as they have all the capabilities of being formidable beings especially when having, perhaps even mastering the command of all the strongest features of each of it's mixed species. On the other hand, some of the combinations you will read about will make you wonder how such creatures could even sustain themselves, let alone survive. This category is comprised of very well known, strong and mighty creatures. It also includes unsavoury beasts with all the necessary features and powers required to create the most horrifying and terrible nightmares possible. I mean, think of just simply crossing paths with a skinless mouse (or a skinless anything) never mind a huge headed man-horse like the Nuckelavee stretching his long arms about trying to grab at you - very creepy. THE A-Z LIST Adaro - Evil mermen sea spirits Adlet - Human and dog cross with red fur Ahuizotl - Dog and monkey cross with five hands Alkonost - A bird with the head of a beautiful woman Ammit - Female demon that is part lion, hippopotamus & crocodile Anubis - Tall human male with the head of a jackal Basilisk - Head and claws of a rooster with a reptile's body and tail Bastet - Female human with the head of a domesticated cat Catoblepas - Large boar's head, small pig's body with wings Centaur - Human horse hybrids, top half human with body of a horse Cerberus - Three headed canine with a mane of serpents Chimera - Head and body of a lioness, head of a goat, serpent's tail Cockatrice - Head, claws and wings of a rooster, reptile's body and tail Echidna - Upper half of a beautiful woman, lower body of a serpent Formorians - Large, deformed bodies made up of animal parts Gargoyles - Grotesque stone statues Goatman - A half goat, half man creature Gorgons - Woman's upper half, snakes for hair and a serpents body Griffin - Head, claws and wings of an eagle, body and tail of a lion Harpies - Top half of a witch, claws and wings of a vulture Hippocampi - Horses with a serpentine lower half Hippogriff - Head, wings and claws of an eagle - body of a horse Khnum - Strong human male with the head of a ram Lamia - Woman’s head, scaly body, four legs and a tail Leucrocuta - Horse's head and legs, neck and body of a lion Lusca - Large octopus/shark hybrid Manticore - Lion's body, human head, poisonous scorpion-like tail Merlion - Head of a lion, body of a large fish Mermaids - Beautiful women with a fish-like lower body Minotaur - Body of a human male with the head and tail of a bull Nuckelavee - Skinless monster, resembles popular hybrid - the Centaur Onocentaur - Top half human & lower half donkey Orthus - Two headed dog with a serpent's tail Perytons - Head of a deer with wings of an eagle Piasa - Face of a man, antlers, wings and four legs Satyr - Human upper body with goat-like legs & tail Scylla and Charybdis - Six headed monster and a deadly whirlpool Scorpion Men - Powerful half man and half scorpion mythical creatures Sekhmet - Lion head with a large human-like female body Serpopard - Falcon headed leopard with wings Sirens - Head and body of a woman, legs and wings of a bird Sphinx - Head of a woman, body of a lion with wings and a snake's tail Typhon - Enormous multi-headed monster with wings, serpent's body Weretiger - Half human and half tiger Werewolves - Large wolf-like body, long fangs, glowing eyes	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,958	Which American city is home to the Baseball side 'The Orioles'?	Review of Integrating the Orioles \| Sport in American History Sport in American History Luke, Bob. Integrating the Orioles: Baseball and Race in Baltimore. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Co., 2016. Pp. 216. Notes and index. $29.95 paperback. Reviewed by Chuck Westmoreland Frank Robinson, the 1961 National League (NL) Most Valuable Player, arrived in Baltimore after the Cincinnati Reds made one of the most baffling trades in baseball history. From the Baltimore Orioles, the Reds received Milt Pappas, a moderately successful pitcher, reliever Jack Baldschun, and Dick Simpson, a minor-league outfielder. The Reds struggled mightily that year and finished seventh in the NL. Pappas compiled a mediocre 12-11 record on the mound. The Orioles, meanwhile, got its first black superstar and the first of three World Series titles. Robinson was an easy choice for the 1966 American League (AL) MVP as he dominated the league in all major batting categories. No wonder Cincinnati fans began calling General Manager Bill DeWitt, the architect of the Robinson-Pappas trade, “Dim Witt” (p. 85-101). McFarland and Co., 2015 Robinson’s story is a pivotal and powerful one in Bob Luke’s Integrating the Orioles: Baseball and Race in Baltimore . Author of several books on the Negro Leagues, Luke delivers a compelling, balanced narrative of how the Oriole organization and the city of Baltimore confronted race and segregation during the height of the modern black freedom struggle. Luke begins his examination of the history of baseball and race in Baltimore with a brief, contextual chapter on the era from the late nineteenth century through the early 1950s. This chapter includes discussions of the first Baltimore Orioles franchise that moved to New York in 1903 and became the present-day Yankees. Luke also addresses the Baltimore Elite Giants, a Negro League team, and Jackie Robinson’s experiences in the city while facing the minor-league Baltimore team of the 1940s, also named the Orioles. The current incarnation of the Baltimore Orioles franchise, which had previously been the St. Louis Browns, began play in 1954. That same year, the Supreme Court issued its historic ruling on school desegregation in Brown v. Board of Education. By the time Baltimore acquired a new major league franchise in the 1950s, baseball’s color line had been broken. From 1954 until Robinson donned the Oriole uniform, O’s management failed to sign many black players. African-American players who did join the squad often found themselves in the minors. Local civil rights groups and the black press kept up the pressure on the organization to acquire more black players, especially those who possessed star power and could help increase black attendance at ballgames. Sportswriters such as the Baltimore Afro-American’s Sam Lacy took on Orioles management for its slow pace of integration. Lacy and others attributed the Orioles’ on-field struggles (six losing seasons in their first nine years in Baltimore) to the organization’s weak pursuit of African American players. Luke argues persuasively that, prior to the Robinson trade, “A rocky journey strewn with empty promises, a tin ear toward African Americans’ (players’ as well as city residents’) concerns, and revolving cameo appearances by black players…marked the Orioles’ early years” (p. 4). To make matters worse, Baltimore’s small cadre of black players faced the indignity and injustice of segregation in local housing, hotels, restaurants, and other public accommodations. The Robinson-Pappas trade paved the way for a new era in the history of the Orioles. As the civil rights legislation of the 1960s broke down legalized segregation in Baltimore and around the country, the Orioles finally began to embrace black players and became a different team in terms of success and demographics. From 1966 to 1985, the Orioles won three World Series championships and had only one losing season. The link between an increasing presence of high-quality black players and on-field accomplishment was obvious. With diamond greats such as Robinson, Al Bumbry	COSMIC BASEBALL ASSOCIATION Wyatt Earp 2000 Plate Long live his fame, and long live his glory And long may his story be told. --1955 Television Theme Song It is ironic that Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp should die peacefully in a rented cottage near the burgeoning Hollywood dream factory. As one of his eulogists remarked there would be "no halo" hanging above his "storm-beaten head." Earp's peaceful death is ironic since in truth he lived anything but a pacific life. As a veteran icon of the so-called "old American West" his life symbolizes the very violent nature of the lawless frontier. Passing on so near to Hollywood is a coincidence but an apt one since Earp has become a collosal fiction entombed in mythology. Wyatt Earp was a remarkably lucky soul. Despite living much of his life in the wild, bloody and dangerous frontier he survived without substantial injury. Another characteristic meshed between the myth that stands as fact is that Earp was an absolutley fearless man. With the publication of the book Wyatt Earp, Frontier Marshall by Stuart Lake in 1931, two years after Earp's death, the legendary Earp began to replace the real Earp. Lake's book was essentially a piece of hagiography constructed by Lake himself but presented as a truthful and factual history. Today its accuracy is doubted. The book is considered an unreliable source for the real Earp. In Lake's book the "Lion of Tombstone" takes the stage as a super-hero responsible for taming the wild west by steadfastly fighting against lawlessness. Lake's book did however seed the public consciouness with one of the penultimate moments in American history: the shootout between the Earp gang and the Clanton gang near the OK Corral in Tombstone, Arizona. That event was further etched in American folklore by John Ford's 1946 film My Darling Clementine. In the film the real historical 30-second shootout that left three dead and two seriously wounded becomes a metaphor for the heroic defense of a community against lawlessness. The Earp myth was further enhanced when the The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp premiered on the ABC television network on September 6, 1955. For six years on Tuesday nights between 8:30 and 9:00 pm the actor Hugh O'Brian portrayed an heroic Earp travelling the wild west as an honorable lawman. In the 1960s there was some Earp myth revisionism. Hour of the Gun (1968) was director Preston Sturges' second telling of the tale (in 1957 he had made Gunfight at the OK Corral). In the 1968 story Earp is portrayed as psychologically unstable and driven by revenge. The television series Star Trek used episode 62 "Spectre of the Gun." to rearrange the events that occurred near the OK Corral. Kirk and comrades play members of the Clanton gang in a death sentence arranged by the peeved Melkotians. The episode, first aired on October 28, 1968 portrays Earp and Doc Holliday in less than heroic lights.The 1971 film Doc presents an even more complex and distrubed Earp and examines more intimately Earp's relationship with the decadent Doc Holliday. In the 1990s two more movies and two biographies of Earp appeared. Tombstone starring Kurt Russell as Earp opened on Christmas Day in 1993. The film received good reviews especially for the acting. In 1994 Lawrence Kasdan released his Wyatt Earp epic starring Kevin Costner in the title role. At 192 minutes the film bored a lot of people and flopped at the box office. In 1997 journalist Casey Tefertiller published Wyatt Earp: The Life Behind the Legend. Using a variety of sources not considered earlier such as contemporary newspaper accounts a more balanced picture emerged of Earp. In 1998 Inventing Wyatt Earp: His Life and Many Legends was published by Allen Barra. While tracing in some detail the origins and perpetuation of the Earp myth Barra made the astute observation that it was Earp's enemies who kept him famous. Among his enemies were the three men who died on October 26, 1881 at 2:30 pm down the street from the back entrance to the OK Corral in the Arizona Territory town of Tombstone. Billy C	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,959	What wife of an Asian dictator famously owned more than 1,000 pairs of shoes?	In the Philippines, the Marcos name is back, even as memories of the dictator have faded - LA Times In the Philippines, the Marcos name is back, even as memories of the dictator have faded Ferdinand Marcos Jr. Ted Aljibeted Aljibe/AFP/Getty Images Vice-presidential candidate and son of the late dictator Ferdinand, Marcos Ferdinand Marcos Jr., reacts as confetti rains during a campaign event in Manila on May 5, 2016. Vice-presidential candidate and son of the late dictator Ferdinand, Marcos Ferdinand Marcos Jr., reacts as confetti rains during a campaign event in Manila on May 5, 2016. (Ted Aljibeted Aljibe/AFP/Getty Images) Jonathan Kaiman, Sunshine de Leon In the Philippines, the Marcos name is back in vogue. For two decades, the dictator Ferdinand Marcos pilfered billions from the country’s public coffers; his government reportedly tortured opponents by shocking them with live wires and burning them with irons. After his ouster in 1986, his legacy was so toxic that then-President Corazon Aquino established an office— the Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG) — to “restore the institution’s integrity and credibility,” according to its website. ------------ FOR THE RECORD May 7, 6:23 p.m.: An earlier version of this post referred to Ferdinand Marcos' three children. He was the father of four. ------------ Yet memories of the dictatorship’s brutality have begun to fade, even as the country’s next presidential elections, scheduled for May 9, have brought his name back into the spotlight. Marcos’ son Ferdinand Marcos Jr., known by his nickname “Bongbong,” is leading opinion polls in the vice presidential race. (In the Philippines, the president and vice president are elected separately.) In this May 5 photo, vice presidential candidate Sen. Ferdinand "Bongbong" Aaron Favila / Associated Press In this May 5 photo, vice presidential candidate Sen. Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr. gestures during his last campaign rally for Monday's presidential elections in suburban Mandaluyong city, east of Manila. In this May 5 photo, vice presidential candidate Sen. Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr. gestures during his last campaign rally for Monday's presidential elections in suburban Mandaluyong city, east of Manila. (Aaron Favila / Associated Press) Many Filipinos believe the country needs a strong, no-nonsense leader to help overcome its struggles with corruption, poverty, drugs and crime. Ronald Chua, a PCGG commissioner, ascribed Marcos Jr.’s popularity to young Filipinos who did not experience life under his father’s rule. “To be honest, millennials, they don’t have any idea of what happened in the '60s and '70s,” he said. “What they know is only what they read in the books, and it’s just not enough information — what you can read in the textbooks now is, I would say, just 1% of what happened during the time.” How a Marcos Jr. vice presidency would coexist with the commission remains an open question. The organization is not partisan, Chua said, but if Marcos is elected, “it will be harder for the office to perform its function.” (Julie Makinen and Sunshine De Leon) Over the past six years, under President Benigno Aquino III, the Philippines’ annual economic growth rate has been above 6%, ranking the country among the world’s fastest-growing economies. Yet more than a quarter of Filipinos remain impoverished, and the extreme gap between rich and poor weighs heavy in the minds of citizens. Rodrigo Duterte, a 71-year-old city mayor and self-styled strongman, is leading in the presidential polls. “People who are supporting Bongbong Marcos are the same people who are favorably inclined toward Duterte,” said Gerard Finin, director and senior research fellow at the East-West Center in Honolulu. “These are people who think strong leadership is necessary regardless of rule of law. I don’t think that’s a majority by any means, but there are people who have forgotten the position martial law left the Philippines in, in terms of human rights, the economy — all the things that have taken decades to rebuild.” See more of our top stori	Account Suspended Account Suspended This Account has been suspended. Contact your hosting provider for more information.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,960	What type of eggs does Sam-I-Am want you to eat?	Green Eggs And Ham Lyrics - Dr. Seuss I like green eggs and ham! I do! I like them, Sam-I-am! And I would eat them in a boat! And I would eat them with a goat. And I will eat them in the rain. And in the dark. And on a train. And in a car. And in a tree. They are so good so good you see! So I will eat them in a box. And I will eat them with a fox. And I will eat them in a house. And I will eat them with a mouse. And I will eat them here and there. Say! I will eat them anywhere! I do so like	YouTube Undo Close "Dr Hook ~ Sy..." The YouTube account associated with this video has been terminated due to multiple third-party notifications of copyright infringement. Sorry about that.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,961	Which Chinese philosophical system translates into English as ‘Wind – Water’?	Chinese symbols and their Translations Chinese symbols and their translations Share the Symbols on this page: Tweet The Culture of China is one of the world's oldest and most complex cultures. The area in which the culture is dominant covers a large geographical region in eastern Asia with customs and traditions varying greatly between towns, cities and provinces. Most social values are derived from Confucianism and Taoism. In ancient times there were several well known chinese symbols. Here is our collection of chinese symbols. Chinese characters or symbols usually have one or more meanings and some of them are particularly loved by Chinese people. Here is the top ten list of the lucky ones. Please note Pinyin is also used here, which is the Chinese spelling system for the characters. For example, fu is the pinyin for good luck in Chinese. But fu is only the phonic part of the character and it also represents other Chinese characters that sound the same. Fu - Blessing, Good Fortune, Good Luck Fu is one of the most popular Chinese characters used in Chinese New Year. It is often posted upside down on the front door of a house or an apartment. The upside down fu means good luck came since the character for upsite down in Chinese sounds the same as the character for came. Lu - Prosperity It used to mean official's salary in feudal China. Fengshui is believed to be the Chinese way to health, wealth and happiness. If you are interested in Fengshui, you may check out the book 'The Feng Shui Kit.' Shou - Longevity Shou also means life, age or birthday. Xi - Happiness Double happiness is usually posted everywhere on Chinese weddings. Related Chinese Jewelry I Ching Cai - wealth, money Chinese often say money can make a ghost turn a millstone. It is to say money really can do a lot of things. Buy Direct He - harmonious 'People harmony' is an important part of Chinese culture. When you have harmonious relations with others, things will be a lot easier for you. Ai - love, affection Don't need to say any more about this one. Just want to point out ai is often used with 'mianzi' together. Aimianzi means 'be concerned about one's face-saving.' Mei - beautiful, pretty The United States of American is called Mei Guo in the short form. Guo means country so Meiguo is a good name. Ji - lucky, auspicious, propitious Hope all is well. De - virtue, moral De means virtue, moral, heart, mind, and kindness, etc. It is also used in the name for Germany, i.e., De Guo. Here are the chinese zodiac signs. These are important chinese symbols that have deep meaning for the chinese and many other people who are interested in horoscopes. Dog - The Dog is one of the 12-year cycle of animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. The Year of the Dog is associated with the earthly branch symbol. Dragon - The Dragon, is one of the 12-year cycle of animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar, and the only animal that is legendary. The Year of the Dragon is associated with the earthly branch symbol. Honest, sensitive, and brave, these individuals are most compatible with Rats, Snakes, Monkeys, and Roosters. Horse - The Horse is the seventh of the 12 animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. The Year of the Horse is associated with the earthly branch symbol. Monkey - The Monkey is the ninth of the 12-year cycle of animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. The Year of the Monkey is associated with the earthly branch symbol. Ox - The Ox is one of the 12-year cycle of animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. The Year of the Ox is denoted by the earthly branch character. In the Vietnamese zodiac, the water buffalo occupies the position of the ox. Pig - The Pig, or Boar, is the last of the 12 animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac. The Year of the Pig is associated with the earthly branch Hai. In Chinese culture, the pig is associated with fertility and virility. To bear children in the Year of the P	Keywords for the Engines scripts 3 The monk who flew in 1005 AD [flight, medieval, Firnas, glider, Benedictine, airplane] 4 Benjamin Thompson/Count Rumford and the conservation of energy [heat, American Revolution, Lavoisier, thermodynamics] 5 The pendulum clock escapement and the merger of science and technology [Bacon, Galileo, Huygens, Hooke, science] 6 Jouffroy: one of the first successful steamboat makers. [Newcomen, France, d'Auxiron, transportation] 7 Fokker and the machine gun interrupter mechanism [flight, war, WW-1, airplane] [steamboat, iron, coal, industry, glass] 9 The Cistercian order and power technology [Benedictines, water wheels, factory, religion, White] 10 The Medieval character of the wild West [America, saddle, whiskey, log cabin, cowboy, White] 11 Electric lights in the 80 years before Edison [arc light, incandescent, Grove, Swan, Davy, de la Rue] 12 A definition of the words: science, technology, and engineering [techni, ingenuity] 13 Dionysius Lardner and early steam power technology [handbook, conservation, coal, ecology, pyramids, environment] 14 John Fitch and the first commercially successful steamboat [Fulton, Watt, Rumsey, Philadelphia, Kentucky] 15 Early inventions of the electric telegraph [Morse, electrostatic, Watson, LeSage] 17 Marc Isambard Brunel and his son, Isambard Kingdom Brunel [Great Eastern, tunnel, Great Western, materialism] 18 How some contemporary poets saw the Industrial Revolution [Shelley, Blake, Burns, Scott, literature] 19 The Crystal Palace and the great 1851 exhibition [Paxton, Queen Victoria, Brunel, design, architecture] 20 Genetic mutations of wheat and the invention of farming [emmer, anthropology, agriculture, genetics, grain, biology, mutation] 21 Santos-Dumont, Zeppelin, and the great airships [Giffard, dirigible, balloons, flight, airplane] 22 The first American iron production in Saugus, Mass. [nails, smelting, mill, forge, wrought iron, Colonial] 23 The light bulb and the vacuum tube [Edison effect, Fleming, telegraphy, radio tube] 24 The wheel: a very difficult concept [crank, rotational motion, invention] 25 NASA's "crawler transporter," the world's largest land transportation vehicle [space, NASA, tracked vehicle] 26 Three-field crop rotation and the origins of Western technology [agriculture, grain, protein, horse, ox, plow, White] 27 Vannevar Bush and the great Rockefeller Differential Analyzer [analog, digital, computer] 28 The first American steam engine [Hornblower, Schuyler, Adams, Colonial America, Franklin] 29 The Windmill: A device that has come, gone, and may come again [Cervantes, Quixote, power, propeller, Watt] 30 Colonial America, 1776: A new nation of glorious amateurs [Fitch, Barlow, Jefferson, Monticello, Franklin] 31 The century-long retention of masts and sails on steamships [Savannah, Great Western, Monitor, Merrimac, transportation] 32 The Wright brothers battle for priority over Langley [Aerodrome, Walcott, Curtiss, Abott, NASA, flight] 33 Perpetua Mobile and the Medieval mind [perpetual motion, Bhaskara, power, machine] 34 The Douglas DC-3: an airplane for all seasons [transportation, flight, Rockne, Fokker triplane, DC-1, DC-2, Shang-Ri-La] 35 Does war influence technological evolution? Some surprising facts [airplane, speed, production, invention] [transportation, Great Lakes, Buffalo, Hudson, Niagara, Jefferson, Gallatin, Clinton] 37 The first twenty years of transatlantic flights [Zeppelin, Lindbergh, Alcock, Brown, Ortieg, transportation, Ryan] 38 The development of the seemingly uncomplicated window pane [soda-lime, Alexandria, stained glass, crown glass, plate glass] 39 Balloonist Jean-Pierre Blanchard, the first barnstormer [flight, Franklin, transportation, Jeffries, Washington, Philadelphia] 40 The invention of money -- an abstraction of goods and services [talent, trade, coin, notes, computers, exchange, anthropology] 41 Frankenstein — the monster of our obsessiveness [Shelley, Byron, Lardner, literature, Romantic, Wollstonecraft] 42 Our radar warning of the Pearl Harbor attack [communications, war, Hulsmeyer] 43 Ves	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,962	What famous event for daredevils happens in Pamplona, Spain?	Daredevils are tossed head over heels and trampled on at Pamplona festival but one man finds time for a SELFIE – The Sun What a shot! A runner goes for the ultimate selfie with a raging bull during the first race of the eight-day festival AP:Associated Press One runner is pushed head over heels by a charging bull as others scramble away from the scene AP:Associated Press An unlucky runner is pushed over by a raging bull as fellow runners, clad in white and red, look on Alamy Run for it! Thousands of thrill-seekers head to Pamplona, risking life and limb to run with the bulls Getty Images Four people were injured in the crowd of thousands who tried to outrun furious bulls in the streets of northern Spain EFE Thousands of thrill-seekers ran with the bulls through Pamplona, with one tactic to try to stay as close to the bull as possible EFE Four people were injured as they ran from the bulls with three suffering head injuries and another suffering an arm injury EFE Thursday morning was just the first bull run of the season with the festival making the northern Spanish town famous Getty Images Many people struggle to keep up with the adrenaline-fuelled race and can be trampled by a bull or running people if they fall Getty Images A man lies on the ground as the fighting bulls run past him - the man was lucky to escape with the risk of being gored by bull horns a dangerous possibility EPA An unidentified runner is taken away for treatment after suffering cuts and bruises during the bull run Reuters The bulls will face fights with matadors in the afternoon and are face certain death RELATED STORIES RUNNING OF THE BOOBS Girls go wild as they let strangers grope their breasts at running of the bulls festival in Pamplona MISTAKEN IDENTITY Tourists can treat themselves to toys and balloons including Dora the Explorer during the festival Reuters Thursday's run lasted 2 minutes, 28 seconds as the runners and bulls alike ran through the streets Reuters One runner tries to take cover from the charging bulls. In all, 15 people have died from gorings in the San Fermin festival since record-keeping began in 1924 AP:Associated Press One of the adrenaline-junkees is charged by a bull during the race, which doesn't even last three minutes AP:Associated Press One of the runners falls over as he tries to escape the raging bull ploughing through the crowd Getty Images Some Spanish locals prefer to stay out of harm's way, watching the festival take place from their balconies EPA Bull runners point rolled-up newspapers at a small san Fermin statue with candles inside a niche on the Cuesta Santo Domingo as they sing a song to the saint to protect them before the start of the morning's bull run EFE A view of the St. Fermin statue (centre) in its niche before the race with the runners saying a prayer to the statue to keep them safe Reuters A runner tries to escape the raging bull, clambering over a barrier as it head butts him Reuters Safe! The runner falls head first over the barrier as he escapes the raging bull Reuters A spectator in an astronaut suit watches from a balcony as the effigy of San Fermin is carried through the centre of Pamplona Reuters The runners must run down a narrow 930-yard course from a holding pen to Pamplona's bull ring Reuters A wild cow jumps over the runners in the first day of the festival, which saw four people injured EFE Runners perform the traditional song to St Fermin, hoping for protection, before the annual race begins Getty Images Participants are forced to run for the lives for fun as part of the annual Spanish festival Getty Images Most people are injured from falling over in the rush to escape the charging bulls Reuters The runs are televised every morning with the participants required to run with six charging bulls through to the bull ring Getty Images A band surrounded by police plays as revellers celebrate the 'Chupinazo', which sees a rocket let off to announce the start of the festival Getty Images People wait for the procession in the centre of Pamplona after the first running of the bulls through the	Football: Real Sociedad Football: Real Sociedad Home : : Out & About in San Sebastian Spain : : Football: Real Sociedad Real Sociedad is San Sebastian’s football Club. It was founded in September 17, 1909 and thus carries a rich history of football triumphs and disappointments. The Real Sociedad de Football now plays in the La Liga, Spain's top professional football division. Known as the txuri-urdin (white blue), or the Erreala, the Real Sociedad plays their home games at the Anoeta Stadium in San Sebastian. The nickname txuri-urin comes from their colors- white vertical stripes on blue shirts and white shorts. For home games, the atmosphere at the Anoeta Stadium is simply infectious and is quite an experience. If you want to see a match and you can’t afford a ticket, simply get a good seat at a bar. San Sebastian bars are likely to feature the game on match day. Another football event (though not related to the Real Sociedad but is worth a mention), is the Donosti Cup. Teams from all around the world compete for this cup during the month of July. Site Search	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,963	"Who painted ""Girl with a white dog"" found in the Tate London?"	Tate Britain \| One Stop Arts \| London Visual arts review See listing details Note: As of May 13, 2013, Tate Britain has entirely rehung its permanent collection. Our contributor Frances Wilson's article on the current galleries can be found here: http://onestoparts.com/article-tate-britain-rehang-may-2013-500-years-british-art The focus of Tate Britain is on British art from 1500 onwards. There is a remarkable section on the Romantics and in particular J M W Turner (the Tate holds the largest collection of his work in the world). In addition, the BP British Art Displays ensure that a wide range of 20th century artists are also on display. A Walk through the Twentieth Century forms part of the BP British Art Displays and features an impression collection of world renowned artists such as Lucian Freud, Gilbert & George, David Hockney and Henry Moore. The works from the 20th century are arranged in roughly chronological order and generally feature one, two or three pieces of work from each artist. The Harry and Carol Djanogly Gallery features key works from the historic collection including several paintings by William Hogarth, who painted during the 18th century. Hogarth is known for his satirical and frequently subversive style, depicting subjects and themes such as the city, social integration, political corruption and patriotism. A past exhibition held at the Tate Britain put forward the idea that Hogarth was “Britain’s first truly modern artist.” The highlight of Tate Britain has to be their extensive Romantics collection, containing works by William Blake, John Constable and others as well as Turner. Romanticism, which emerged at the end of the 18th century, was a re-thinking of art and literature away from the classical tradition: it was a time when great emphasis was put on personalised responses to the natural world. Constable is renowned for sketching in oils in the open air (a technique which sets him apart from his predecessors who tended to paint in a studio) and several of his vibrant landscapes are on display. The paintings from Turner’s later work are fantastic. Featuring scenes of nature and the sea, they are characterised by an expressive use of colour, by indistinct, unresolved forms and above all by his depiction of light. An interactive part of the exhibition is dedicated to the study of Turner’s artistic techniques. Inspired by the idea that copying was a vital part of an artist’s education in the 18th & 19th century, visitors are encouraged to draw in the style of Turner by copying one of his sketches. Tate Britain is a celebration of British art over the past five hundred years; its Turner collection is outstanding and there are always exciting temporary exhibitions on display. Tate BritainSarah Brooks' review of Tate Britain in London.5 Date reviewed: Thursday 22nd September 2011 Share this	"Tweedland" The Gentlemen's club: Norman Hartnell, British fashion designer / VÍDEO: THE QUEEN'S CORONATION ROBE - COLOUR - NO SOUND Sunday, 22 May 2016 Norman Hartnell, British fashion designer / VÍDEO: THE QUEEN'S CORONATION ROBE - COLOUR - NO SOUND Sir Norman Bishop Hartnell, KCVO (12 June 1901 – 8 June 1979) was a leading British fashion designer, best known for his work for the ladies of the Royal Family. Hartnell gained the Royal Warrant as Dressmaker to Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother in 1940; and Royal Warrant as Dressmaker to Queen Elizabeth II in 1957. Hartnell is famous as the man who made London a viable twentieth century fashion centre during the inter-war years. Born to an upwardly mobile family in Streatham, in southwest London, his parents were then publicans and owners of the prophetically named Crown & Sceptre, at the top of Streatham Hill. Educated at Mill Hill School, Hartnell became an undergraduate of Magdalene College in the University of Cambridge and read Modern Languages. His main interest lay in performing, and designing productions for the university Footlights and he was noticed by the London press as the designer of a Footlights production which transferred to Daly's Theatre, London. He then worked unsuccessfully for two London designers, including the celebrated Lucile, whom he sued for damages when several of his drawings appeared unattributed in her weekly fashion column in the London Daily Sketch. In 1923 he opened his own business at 10 Bruton Street, Mayfair, with the financial help of his father and first business colleague, his sister Phyllis. He is second cousins with actor William Hartnell (Doctor Who). 1923-1934 Thanks to his Cambridge connections, Hartnell acquired a clientele of débutantes and their mothers intent on fashionable originality in dress design for a busy social life centred on the London Season. and was considered by some to be a good London alternative to Parisian or older London dress houses. The London press seized on the novelty of his youth and gender. Although expressing the spirit of the Bright Young Things and Flappers, his designs overlaid the harder silhouettes with a fluid romanticism in detail and construction. This was most evident in Hartnell's predilection for evening and bridal gowns, gowns for court presentations, and afternoon gowns for guests at society weddings. Hartnell's success ensured international press coverage and a flourishing trade with those no longer content with 'safe' London clothes derived from Parisian designs. Hartnell became popular with the younger stars of stage and screen, and went on to dress such leading ladies as Gladys Cooper, Elsie Randolph, Gertrude Lawrence (also a client of Edward Molyneux), Jessie Matthews, Merle Oberon, Evelyn Laye and Anna Neagle. Even top French stars Alice Delysia and Mistinguett were impressed by the young Englishman's genius. Alarmed by the lack of sales, Phyllis insisted that Norman cease his pre-occupation with the design of evening clothes and he create practical day clothes. He achieved a subtlety and ingenuity with British woollens, previously scarcely imagined in London dressmaking, yet already successfully demonstrated in Paris by Coco Chanel, who showed a keen interest in his 1927 and 1929 collections when shown in Paris. Hartnell successfully emulated his British predecessor and hero Charles Frederick Worth by taking his designs to the heart of world fashion. Hartnell specialised in expensive and often lavish embroidery as an integral part of his most expensive clothes, creating the luxurious and exclusive effect which justified the high prices. They were also created to deflect the ready-to wear copyists. The Hartnell in-house embroidery workroom was the largest in London couture and continued until his death, also producing the embroidered Christmas cards for clients and press during quiet August days, a practical form of publicity at which Hartnell was always adept. The originality and intricacy of Hartnell embroideries were frequently described in the press, especially in reports	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,964	According to research, the perception and interpretation of body language is generally strongest in?	The Psychology of Color - Psychology of Emotions - Psychologist World The Psychology of Color Posted in Psychology of Emotions Color and Mood Does color affect your mood? Psychologists have said "Absolutely!" to that question for a very long time. The psychological effects of color have such an underpinning in research that the findings of chromology, the psychology of color, are used in designing everything from hotel rooms to cereal packages. In one case that made headlines recently, the psychology of color provoked a storm of controversy. At the of Iowa , the visiting team's locker rooms are painted a soft, feminine pink. The lockers themselves are a dusty rose, the showers have pink shower curtains, and even the urinals are of pink porcelain. The color scheme is a long-standing and well-known tradition that sparked fires of controversy recently when a female professor took exception to the implied insult to women. According to history, though, the choice of "innocence pink" had nothing to do with femininity. The color was chosen by former Iowa football coach, Hayden Fry, who had read that pink has a calming effect on people. And according to Fry, it works - if not necessarily as intended. In his autobiography, A High Porch Picnic [1] , he writes, "When I talk to an opposing coach before a game and he mentions the pink walls, I know I've got him. I can't recall a coach who has stirred up a fuss about the color and then beat us." Pink isn't the only color that has clear psychological associations. Over the years, researchers have worked to identify exactly what emotions and physical effects are triggered by various colors. Despite the amount of research done in the field and the widespread acceptance of many of its basic theories, chromology is often viewed as an immature discipline, and chromatherapy is seen as alternative medicine. Critics point out that color perception is affected by cultural conditioning, and that color is not perceived alone but in combination with other effects in the environment. Despite all this, there are some generally recognized associations between color and emotion. The chart below gives those associations and ways in which that color is used. Red Red increases the pulse and heart rate, and raises your blood pressure. It increases the appetite by increasing your metabolism, which is why red is such a popular color in restaurants. It is active, aggressive and outspoken. One bank found that their lines moved faster when they increased the use of red in the bank lobby, and in a study of several hundred college students, a researcher found that they responded more quickly to cues under red light than under green light.	Love and Stockholm Syndrome The Mystery of Loving an Abuser Joseph M. Carver, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist People are often amazed at their own psychological conditions and reactions. Those with depression are stunned when they remember they�ve thought of killing themselves. Patients recovering from severe psychiatric disturbances are often shocked as they remember their symptoms and behavior during the episode. A patient with Bipolar Disorder recently told me �I can�t believe I thought I could change the weather through mental telepathy!� A common reaction is �I can�t believe I did that!� In clinical practice, some of the most surprised and shocked individuals are those who have been involved in controlling and abusive relationships. When the relationship ends, they offer comments such as �I know what he�s done to me, but I still love him�, �I don�t know why, but I want him back�, or �I know it sounds crazy, but I miss her�. Recently I�ve heard �This doesn�t make sense. He�s got a new girlfriend and he�s abusing her too�but I�m jealous!� Friends and relatives are even more amazed and shocked when they hear these comments or witness their loved one returning to an abusive relationship. While the situation doesn�t make sense from a social standpoint, does it make sense from a psychological viewpoint? The answer is - Yes! On August 23rd, 1973 two machine-gun carrying criminals entered a bank in Stockholm, Sweden. Blasting their guns, one prison escapee named Jan-Erik Olsson announced to the terrified bank employees �The party has just begun!� The two bank robbers held four hostages, three women and one man, for the next 131 hours. The hostages were strapped with dynamite and held in a bank vault until finally rescued on August 28th. After their rescue, the hostages exhibited a shocking attitude considering they were threatened, abused, and feared for their lives for over five days. In their media interviews, it was clear that they supported their captors and actually feared law enforcement personnel who came to their rescue. The hostages had begun to feel the captors were actually protecting them from the police. One woman later became engaged to one of the criminals and another developed a legal defense fund to aid in their criminal defense fees. Clearly, the hostages had �bonded� emotionally with their captors. While the psychological condition in hostage situations became known as �Stockholm Syndrome� due to the publicity � the emotional �bonding� with captors was a familiar story in psychology. It had been recognized many years before and was found in studies of other hostage, prisoner, or abusive situations such as: Controlling/Intimidating Relationships In the final analysis, emotionally bonding with an abuser is actually a strategy for survival for victims of abuse and intimidation. The �Stockholm Syndrome� reaction in hostage and/or abuse situations is so well recognized at this time that police hostage negotiators no longer view it as unusual. In fact, it is often encouraged in crime situations as it improves the chances for survival of the hostages. On the down side, it also assures that the hostages experiencing �Stockholm Syndrome� will not be very cooperative during rescue or criminal prosecution. Local law enforcement personnel have long recognized this syndrome with battered women who fail to press charges, bail their battering husband/boyfriend out of jail, and even physically attack police officers when they arrive to rescue them from a violent assault. Stockholm Syndrome (SS) can also be found in family, romantic, and interpersonal relationships. The abuser may be a husband or wife, boyfriend or girlfriend, father or mother, or any other role in which the abuser is in a position of control or authority. It�s important to understand the components of Stockholm Syndrome as they relate to abusive and controlling relationships. Once the syndrome is understood, it�s easier to understand why victims support, love, and even defend their	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,965	Which English town is connected with Count Dracula?	BBC - York & North Yorkshire - Whitby's Dracula connections York & North Yorkshire Whitby resident Bram Stoker was very taken with the atmosphere of Whitby Bram Stoker found some of his inspiration for 'Dracula' after staying in Whitby in 1890. He stayed in a house on the West Cliff and was trying to decide whether it would be suitable for a family holiday. By all accounts, he was quite smitten with the atmosphere of the town; the red roofs, Whitby Abbey, the church with its tombstones and even the bats flying around the many churches. Stoker found a general history book at Whitby library, which was originally near the Quayside. He tells us so at the top of a sheet of his notes taken from William Wilkinson's 'An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia' (1820). These notes contain the only reference to Dracula, the historical figure, in all of Stoker's papers. "...there was a look of fear and horror on his face that the men said made them shudder. Poor dear old man! Perhaps he had seen Death with his dying eyes!" 'Dracula' by Bram Stoker (1897) There seems to be little doubt that Whitby is where he discovered the name. It is fairly certain that Stoker also found material in the British Museum in London. His name is listed among famous people who researched there. Stoker lists in his notes over 30 source books for the novel. Though none of them deals with Dracula, they include books on Transylvania, folklore and other relevant topics. Stoker's Dracula is shipwrecked off the Yorkshire coast, he is actually on his way to London on the Russian schooner, Demeter. He comes ashore in the guise of a black dog and wreaks havoc on the town. One of the characters in the novel, Mina, keeps a journal containing detailed descriptions of Whitby and those areas frequented by Dracula. "Right over the town is the ruin of Whitby Abbey, which was sacked by the Danes, and which is the scene of part of "Marmion," where the girl was built up in the wall. It is a most noble ruin, of immense size, and full of beautiful and romantic bits; there is a legend that a white lady is seen in one of the windows." 'Dracula' by Bram Stoker (1897). Amazingly, many visitors to Whitby ask where Dracula's grave is located, forgetting that he is a work of fiction. The Count's devotees search St Mary's Church graveyard, after scaling the 199 steps, in search of his last resting place! In short, Whitby provided Bram Stoker with an atmospheric backdrop to his novel, a quiet place to indulge in a little library research and a place to have a wonderful family seaside holiday. Forget what you think you know about Dracula and Whitby, read the novel and be surprised! Bookmark with:	On the Town I « The Irish Aesthete by theirishaesthete During 2015 the Irish Aesthete will visit an Irish town once a month and comment on the state of its architectural heritage. January’s town is Drogheda, County Louth. As has often been pointed out the name Droichead Átha – meaning Bridge of the Ford – indicates Drogheda is the final bridging point on the river Boyne three miles before it joins the Irish Sea. This made the place strategically important. Although St Patrick is said to have landed here and Viking raiding parties wintered in the area, Drogheda was only founded, as two separate towns on either side of the Boyne, in the late 12th century when Hugh de Lacy built a motte and bailey in the Millmount area. For two centuries rival corporations faced each other across the river but were united as one in 1412. As evidence of its prosperity, Drogheda was subject to raids by both the Scots and the native Irish, leading to the construction of walls some twenty feet high and with a circumference of more than one and a half miles. These defences were strong enough to repulse an attack in 1315-16 by Edward the Bruce’s Scottish army in 1316-16. The most visible remnant today is St Laurence’s Gate on the eastern side of the old town. While the medieval religious establishments were closed during the Reformation, otherwise Drogheda continued to blossom until caught up in the wars of the 1640s. In November 1641 the Irish Confederate army under Sir Phelim O’Neill laid siege to the town and three times attempted to take it, without success; eventually the following spring relief forces from Dublin forced O’Neill to retire. Seven years later the town was again besieged, this time by Oliver Cromwell’s New Model Army which after three days gained possession and slaughtered many of the citizens. But Drogheda recovered from this terrible event and thanks to a revival of trade enjoyed something of a golden age in the 18th century when some of its finest extant buildings were constructed. Commercial decline began in the second half of the 19th century and has continued ever since; with improved transport links, such as the arrival of the railway and then the car, Drogheda’s relative proximity to Dublin (less than 35 miles) has been to its disadvantage. The consequences of this are evident to anyone visiting the place. As already mentioned, the most tangible attestation of Drogheda’s medieval defences is St Laurence’s Gate. The print at the top of this page, taken from John D’Alton’s History of Drogheda and its Environs (1844) shows how the gate, with its little toll houses on either side, looked in the first half of the 19th century looking eastwards up St Laurence Street with the old grammar school (of which more below) to the north and a series of handsome houses to the south. Originally built in the 13th century and St Laurence’s Gate survives but is difficult to inspect or appreciate, both because surrounded by a jumble of telegrath wires and other clutter, and because it is used by traffic as a point of entry from this side of the town. Immediately to the south on Featherbed Lane is a section of the old walls with its series of elliptical arches: both the walls and the lane are in poor condition and look as though little has been done for many years to improve their state. Moving northwards and to the periphery of the old town one reaches the Magdalene Tower, all that remains of the Dominican Friary founded by Lucas de Netterville, Archbishop of Armagh in 1224. It is likely to be of a later date, the upper windows judged to be from the early 14th century. At the end of the same century it was here that the Ulster chiefs acknowledged their submission to Richard II. Today it stands isolated amid housing estates. The Magdalene Tower’s environment is considerably better than that of Drogheda’s other medieval ecclesiastical remains, those of the Abbey and Hospital of St Mary d’Urso, aptly described by Christine Casey and Alistair Rowan in 1993 as ‘a perfect expression of the State’s lackadaisical attitude towards its historic build	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,966	In cricket parlance, what are ‘buzzers’?	Glossary of Cricket Terms and Cricket Terminology top A Agricultural shot this is a swing across the line of the ball (resembling a scything motion) played without much technique. Often one that results in a chunk of the pitch being dug up by the bat. A type of a slog. All out when an innings is ended due to ten of the eleven batsmen on the batting side being either dismissed or unable to bat because of injury or illness. All-rounder a player adept at both batting and bowling. In the modern era, this term can also refer to a wicket-keeper adept at batting. Anchor a top-order batsman capable of batting for a long duration throughout the innings. Usually batsman playing at numbers 3 or 4 play such a role, especially if there is a batting collapse. An anchor plays defensively, and is often the top scorer in the innings. Appeal the act of a bowler or fielder shouting at the umpire to ask if his last ball took the batsman's wicket. Usually phrased in the form of howzat (how-is-that?). Common variations include 'Howzee?' (how is he?), or simply turning to the umpire and shouting. Approach The motion of the bowler prior to bowling the ball. It is also known as the run-up. Also the ground a bowler runs on during his run up. Eg: "Play was delayed because the bowler's approaches were slippery." Arm ball a deceptive delivery bowled by an off spin bowler that is not spun, so, unlike the off break, it travels straight on (with the bowler's arm). A particularly good bowler's arm ball might also swing away from the batsman in the air (or in to him when delivered by a left-armer). Around the wicket or round the wicket a right-handed bowler passing to the right of the stumps during his bowling action, and vice-versa for left-handed bowlers. Ashes, the the perpetual prize in England v Australia Test match series. The small wooden urn contains ashes collected after burning the bails used when Australia first beat England in England, at The Oval in 1882 (the first Test match between the two nations was in Melbourne in 1877). Asking rate the rate at which the team batting needs to score to catch the opponents score in a limited overs game. Attacking shot A shot of aggression or strength designed to score runs. Average A bowler's bowling average is defined as the total number of runs conceded by the bowler (including wides and no-balls) divided by the number of wickets taken by the bowler. A batsman's batting average is defined as the total number of runs scored by the batsman divided by the number of times he has been dismissed. Away Swing top B Back foot in a batsman's stance the back foot is the foot that is nearer to the stumps. A bowler's front foot is the last foot to contact the ground before the ball is released. The other foot is the back foot. Unless the bowler is bowling off the wrong foot the bowling foot is the back foot. Back foot contact is the position of the bowler at the moment when his back foot lands on the ground just prior to delivering the ball. Back foot shot a shot played with the batsman's weight on his back foot (i.e. the foot furthest from the bowler). Back spin (also under-spin) a delivery which has a rotation backwards so that after pitching it immediately slows down, or bounces lower and skids on to the batsman. Backing up 1. The non-striking batsman leaving his crease during the delivery in order to shorten the distance to complete one run. A batsman "backing up" too far runs the risk of being run out, either by a fielder in a conventional run out, or - in a "Mankad" - by the bowler themself. 2. after a fielder chases the ball, another fielder placed at a further distance also moves into position so that if the fielder mis-fields the ball, the damage done is minimal. Also done to support a fielder receiving a throw from the outfield in case the throw is errant or not caught. Backlift the lifting of the bat in preparation to hit the ball. Bail one of the two small pieces of wood that lie on top of the stumps to form the wicket. Ball the round object which the batsman attempts to strike with the bat. Also a deliv	Wisden - The end of the lime WISDEN 2005 home The end of the lime In the early hours of January 8, 2005, there were widespread storms across Britain, and summer afternoons at Canterbury felt very distant. But at some time in the darkness, Kent's most regular and durable spectator suddenly gave way. The cause of death was technically the howling gale and ganoderma, a heartwood fungus. In truth, it was just old age. No one was about on such a night, and it was dawn before the body was discovered. "To be honest I'd been out in the middle sweeping the square for about 20 minutes when I looked up and thought `Something's missing,'" said the head groundsman, Mike Grantham. It was the lime tree, which had stood guard on the Old Dover Road boundary - at wide mid-wicket or deep backward point - ever since Kent first used the St Lawrence ground in 1847. It was already semi-mature then. It grew in stature, girth and reputation to become the most famous tree in cricket, matched only by Parr's elm at Trent Bridge, which was blown down in 1976. But Parr's Tree was behind the stands. The St Lawrence lime was inside the boundary, and the Laws of Cricket had to be adapted to allow for it. Sir Charles Igglesden in 66 Years' Memories of Kent Cricket (1947) refers to an incident in which a Hampshire batsman was caught off the tree. "Was the batsman out? He was given out as the tree was not the boundary. You can imagine the annoyance of the visiting team and the heated annoyance around the ground." This episode apparently led to the local rule that hitting the tree is neither six nor out, but four. David Robertson, the Kent archivist, assumes this must have been before 1910, when the vague law regarding boundaries began to be tidied up. Robertson's records suggest only three men have ever cleared the tree in first-class cricket: Sir Learie Constantine, playing for the West Indians in 1928, Jim Smith of Middlesex in 1939 and Carl Hooper, on his Kent debut in 1992. But in his book Hit for Six, the historian Gerald Brodribb tells the story of the renowned big-hitter, Colonel A. C. "Jacko" Watson of Sussex, who in 1925 reportedly drove "Tich" Freeman over the lime tree. It then bounced off the inside of a catering van and into the bushes, where it was found next winter with bits of china embedded in it. The fall of the lime was a shock but not a surprise. Kent were aware the tree was ailing; they were also aware of "public liability issues" - what if it fell on the crowd in the middle of a one-day international? - and in 1999 E. W. Swanton planted a sapling close by, ready for this moment. That is now 15ft tall, and Kent were planning to shift it on to the field before the season to replace the fallen sentinel. The old tree is being cut up to provide souvenirs. Some believe it a mistake to replace the old tree. The new lime could be damaged by a full-blooded shot; and, whereas everyone knew the old tree was there, a young one might not be obvious to a fielder, who could end up damaged himself. Others think the legend should be left alone, and that it won't be the same with the new tree. It won't, not for many decades. © Cricinfo	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,967	What breed of dog is most commonly associated with fire stations?	Why Are Dalmatians the Official Firehouse Dogs? Why Are Dalmatians the Official Firehouse Dogs? By Remy Melina \| May 19, 2011 12:22pm ET MORE Credit: jimsphotos \| dreamstime The tradition of Dalmatians in firehouses dates back more than a century. Nowadays they mainly serve as mascots, but before fire trucks had engines, Dalmatians played a vital role every time firefighters raced to a blaze. It all dates back to when people used horse-drawn carriages. But, at first, the dogs didn't have anything to do with fire fighters. People realized that Dalmatians would run alongside horses, keeping pace even when sprinting long distances. The dogs would even defend the horses from other dogs or animals that could spook or attack the horses during the ride. Dalmatians often ran in pairs, with one on either side of the coach, or close behind the horses. English aristocrats during the early 1700s were among the first known to use Dalmatians to accompany their carriages, according to Trevor J. Orsinger's book, "The Firefighter's Best Friend: Lives and Legends of Chicago Firehouse Dogs." The dogs became a status symbol of sorts; the more Dalmatians you had running beside your coach represented your social standing. The use of Dalmatians carried over to the horse-drawn wagons that firefighters rode to the scene of a fire. When a fire alarm sounded, the Dalmatians would run out of the firehouse, barking to let bystanders know that they should get out of the way because the firefighters' wagon would soon come roaring by. Once the wagon was out on the street, the Dalmatians would run beside it. The brave, loyal dogs also served an important purpose once the wagon approached a fire. Horses are afraid of fire, and the Dalmatians' presence could distract and comfort the horses as they pulled the wagon closer to a blaze. The Dalmatians also stood guard near the wagon to ensure that no one stole the firefighter's belongings, equipment or horses. You would think that with the invention of the automobile, Dalmatians would no longer be needed by firemen. Some firehouses, however, have kept the dogs around as friendly companions in order to preserve the tradition. Dalmatians continue to guard firefighters' possessions, but instead of running alongside fire trucks, they ride inside of them. The dogs are also known to catch and kill rats that have taken up residence in firehouses. One firehouse that continues to have a Dalmatian is Fire Department New York City's Ladder 20. Their 10-year-old dog is named Twenty, and can sometimes be spotted sticking her head out of the window as the department's fire truck races through the streets of Manhattan. Twenty the Dalmatian riding with FDNY's Ladder 20. Credit: ScoutingNY.com	Log In - New York Times Log In Don't have an account? Sign up here » In order to access our Web site, your Web browser must accept cookies from NYTimes.com. More information »	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,968	Which king founded Eton College in 1440?	briefhistory / HOME / About Eton /History A brief history of Eton College Eton was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "Kynge's College of Our Ladye of Eton besyde Windesore” to provide free education to 70 poor boys who would then go on to King's College, Cambridge, which he founded 1441. When Henry founded the school, he granted it a large number of endowments, but when he was deposed by Edward IV in 1461, the new king removed most of its assets and treasures to St George's Chapel, Windsor, on the other side of the River Thames. Construction of the chapel, originally intended to be slightly over twice its current length was stopped hurriedly, but by this time the chapel in its current form and the lower storeys of the current cloisters, including College Hall, had been completed. With reduced funds, little further building took place until around 1517 when Provost Roger Lupton built the tower which now bears his name together with the range of buildings which now includes Election Hall and Election Chamber. The earliest records of school life date from the 16th century and paint a picture of a regimented and Spartan life. Scholars were awakened at 5 am, chanted prayers whilst they dressed, and were at work in Lower School by 6am. All teaching was in Latin and lessons were supervised by “praepostors”, senior boys appointed by the headmaster. There was a single hour of play, though even at that time football appears to have been popular, for a sentence set for Latin translation in 1519 was “We will play with a bag full of wynde”. Lessons finished at 8pm and there were only two holidays, each of three weeks duration at Christmas (when the scholars remained at Eton) and in the Summer. These holidays divided the school year into two “halves” a word which has survived despite the change to a three-term year in the 18th century. From the earliest days of the school, the education received by the scholars was shared by others who did not lodge in College, but who lived in the town with a landlady. By the early 18th century the number of such “Oppidans” (from the Latin “oppidum” meaning “town”) had grown to the extent that more formal arrangements were needed, and the first of the “Dame’s Houses”, Jourdelay’s, was built in 1722. By 1766 there were thirteen houses, and increasingly the responsibility for running them fell to masters as much as to the dame. The school continued to grow and flourished particularly under the long reign of George III (1760-1820). George spent much of his time at Windsor, frequently visiting the school and entertaining boys at Windsor Castle. The school in turn made George’s birthday, the Fourth of June, into a holiday. Though these celebrations now never fall on that day, Eton’s “Fourth of June”, marked by “speeches”, cricket, a procession of boats, and picnics on “Agar’s Plough” remains an important occasion in the school year. By the middle of the 19th century reform was long overdue; the Clarendon Commission of 1861 investigated conditions in the major boarding schools of the day and led to significant changes including improved accommodation, a wider curriculum and better-qualified staff. Numbers continued to grow, and by 1891 there were over 1000 boys in the school, a figure which grew pretty steadily until the 1970s, by which time the school had reached its present size of around 1300 boys. The new millennium saw the introduction of a more meritocratic entry system, with boys no longer being entered on house lists at birth – from 2002, all boys had to win their places through the current procedure of an interview, reasoning test and reference from their previous school. In the 21st century, emphasis continues to be on widening access, with boys joining us from more and more schools and growing numbers receiving substantial fee remissions.	King Henry VI \| Britroyals Event 1422 Henry aged 8 months becomes King of England on the death of his father, Henry V, and then, two months later, King of France on the death of his grandfather, Charles VI. 1422 John, Duke of Bedford, is appointed Regent of France; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, becomes Regent of England. 1429 Henry VI is crowned King of England 1429 The young peasant girl Joan of Arc begins her campaign to expel the English from France. She inspires the French army which relieves Orleans besieged by English troops. 1431 The English capture Joan of Arc. She is burned at the stake as a witch and heretic in Rouen on 30 May. 1431 Henry VI of England is crowned King of France in Paris 1437 Henry assumes personal rule of England 1440 Eton college founded giving free education to 70 scholars 1445 Henry marries Margaret of Anjou 1453 End of 100 Years� War. Gascony and Normandy fall to the French. England retains only Calais and The Channel Islands. 1453 Henry becomes mentally ill. Richard, Duke of York, is made Protector during Henry�s illness 1453 Battle of Heworth between supporters of the Neville and Percy families marks the beginning of the feud between the Houses of York and Lancaster 1454 Henry regains his senses but disaffected nobles take matters into their own hands. Supporters of the Dukes of York and Lancaster take sides. 1455 Beginning of the 'Wars of the Roses'. Duke of York is dismissed. York raises an army and defeats the King�s Lancastrian forces at the Battle of St. Albans.The Lancastrian leader, the Duke of Somerset, is killed. York takes over the government of England. 1457 Henry unsuccessfully tries to broker peace between the Yorkists and Lancastrians. 1459 War is renewed and the Lancastrians are defeated at Blore Heath; the Yorkists are then defeated at Ludford Bridge near Ludlow. Parliament declares York a traitor and he escapes to Ireland. 1460 Yorkist army led by Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, defeats Lancastrians at the Battle of Northampton. Henry VI is captured and his wife, Margaret, escapes to Scotland. Richard of York is again Protector. 1460 Margaret raises a Lancastrian army in the north and defeats and kills Richard of York at Wakefield. Henry VI captured by the Yorkists at Northampton. Earl of Warwick takes London for the Yorkists. 1461 Yorkists win Battle of Mortimers Cross. Queen Margaret marches her army South, defeats Earl of Warwick at St Albans, and frees Henry. Edward, son of Richard of York, defeats Margaret's Lancastrian forces on 29 March at the Battle of Towton - the largest and bloodiest battle ever on British soil when 28,000 lose their lives. Margaret and Henry flee to Scotland. Henry is deposed by Edward who declares himself King Edward IV 1462 Lancastrian revolts are suppressed. 1464 Warwick defeats Lancastrians at Battle of Hexham; Henry VI is captured and brought to the Tower of London. 1469 Warwick falls out with Edward IV, and defeats him at Edgecote. They are later reconciled but Warwick is banished. He makes peace with Margaret, returns to England with an army, and Edward flees to Flanders. Henry VI is restored to the throne. 1471 Edward returns to England and defeats and kills Warwick at the Battle of Barnet. Margaret is defeated at the Battle of Tewkesbury; her son Edward, Prince of Wales, heir to the Lancastrian throne is killed in battle. 1471	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,969	What are French speaking Belgians called	Belgium \| Uncyclopedia \| Fandom powered by Wikia edit Language Belgium has four official languages: French in the southern part, Dutch in the northern part, German in the Nazi part, and Nothing throughout the whole country. Which they all scarily and absurdly master better than all other people speaking these languages, and certainly better than the Hollanders . Except for Herman Van Rompuy. edit Dutch and the Move to Flemish Movement A lot of Belgians speak Dutch. The reason for this is, as the Belgians claim, "because our mommies and daddies speak it". Further linguistic examination shows us that these mommies and daddies' mommies and daddies respond with the exact same answer. Nevertheless, even further examination remarkably shows that the mommies and daddies of the mommies and daddies' mommies and daddies do not speak Dutch at all - they are all, without exception, speakers of the language of Nothing. Some recent studies could establish a relationship between this fact on the one hand and on the other hand, the fact that they're all dead. Though some quite critical critics object this theory. However, in the Late Middle Ages, some famous - though in reality, all Belgians are just equally unknown - and ingenious Belgians discovered that speaking Dutch causes some severe issues, some of which fatal. These issues had eventually moved the Belgians to make the Move to Flemish Movement. Most importantly, the disgust that certain Dutch phonemes universally bring on - and in particular the extremely sickening and horridly repulsing rasping-and-retching sound which the Hollanders still think the CH should be pronounced as - used to be of great inconvenience: in those days it wasn't uncommon at all to see people around you vomit whenever you started speaking. People simply got overwhelmed by uncontrollable revulsion. Certainly in periods of famine, this was a huge problem. This is the main reason why the Dutch up to today, not having moved to Flemish, are still very tight with money: one has always to be prepared for a period of less resistance to Dutch speech disgust. In these times of famine, a very effective way of joking and bullying (and murdering) consisted of constantly saying goodday, good morning and good afternoon, which in Dutch is CHCHoeiedaCH, CHoeiemojCHCHe and CHCHoeiemiddaCHCH. If good evening didn't do the trick (CHoeie afent), you could still have some patience and remorselessly throw them the words CHCHCHoeienaCHCHt in the face (good night). And if even that was not enough, you could still give that old Dutch cradlesong a try that imitates the sea sound. Translated into Dutch, this gives the following lyrics: CHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCHCH. Dutch bedclothes were often dirty. What is more, the Dutch language, internationally accepted as the Big Throat Disease, causes throat cancer. Therefore, Dutchmen very commonly die young, with their voice and power of speech deteriorating at the speed of voice-and-power-of-speech-deterioration. Already in an early stage, the only sound they can make is that of the old lullaby mentioned above. In the earliest stages of Belgianness, the Belgians desperately needed to reproduce (originally, in the Stone Age, the total number of Belgians was zero), so they couldn't afford anyone to die of linguistic causes. Belgian investigation again proves that "Even when the Dutch do not die of throat cancer, they always die", giving them an extra reason to move to Flemish. On top of that, not suffering from the Dutchmen's minority complex, Belgians find it unnecessary to always be talking in a shouting and squealing way to get the public's attention. To the contrary, the Belgians, as already emerged in this article, prefer to mysteriously stay in the background to hide their world domination plans. Dutchmen were also frequently shot and killed by hunters, who reported that they sounded like crows, vultures, ostriches, baboons, hyenas, sharks, Dutchmen, geese, evil donkeys, and that "I am just necrophiliac". Given all these reasons, it has been a wise decision of the Belg	Belgium \| Country report \| Freedom in the World \| 2014 Freedom in the World 1 Overview: King Albert II abdicated on July 21, 2013, at the age of 79, and his son, Crown Prince Philippe, 53, became king. The monarchy is largely ceremonial, although the king retained constitutional authority to mediate between parties during the process of forming a government—a role played by Albert during a 541-day political stalemate that followed 2010 parliamentary elections. In July, Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo oversaw the completion of a state reform package that would grant more autonomy to regional and local governments in areas including welfare, labor, and health care policy. The reform was to take effect in July 2014. Ethnic and linguistic conflicts had prompted a series of constitutional amendments in 1970, 1971, and 1993 that devolved considerable power from the central government to the three regions in the Belgian federation: French-speaking Wallonia in the south; Flemish-speaking Flanders in the north; and Brussels, the capital, where French and Flemish share the same official status. Cultural and economic differences between the regions have contributed to political rifts between Flemish and Francophone parties across the ideological spectrum, with the wealthier Flemish north seeking increased self-rule and reduced taxpayer support for the less prosperous Wallonia. Voting takes place along strict linguistic lines; with the exception of the bilingual district encompassing Brussels, parties are only permitted to run in their respective linguistic regions. After 2010 parliamentary elections, coalition negotiations stalled over issues linked to the balance of power between Flanders and Wallonia. A deal was finally reached in November 2011, after Flemish and Francophone parties reached a compromise on the separation of the contentious Brussels-area electoral district. Di Rupo, of the Francophone Socialist Party, became the first French-speaking prime minister in more than 30 years. The next federal and regional elections were set to take place in 2014. Political Rights and Civil Liberties: Political Rights: 40 / 40 [ Key ] A. Electoral Process: 12 / 12 Belgium’s Parliament consists of two houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate. The 150 members of the House are elected directly by proportional representation. There are 71 seats in the Senate, with 40 filled by direct popular vote and 31 by indirect vote. Members serve four-year terms in both houses. The prime minister, who is the leader of the majority party or coalition, is appointed by the monarch and approved by Parliament. The party system is highly fragmented, with separate Flemish and Walloon parties representing all traditional parties of the left and right. B. Political Pluralism and Participation: 16 / 16 The separatist New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) had won 27 seats in the House of Representatives in the 2010 parliamentary elections, the most of any party, but was excluded from Di Rupo’s government. Di Rupo’s Francophone Socialist Party had 26 seats. The Francophone Movement for Reform held 18 seats. The Christian Democratic and Flemish (CD&V) party had 17 seats. The xenophobic Vlaams Blok party was banned in 2004 for violating the country’s antiracism laws. It changed its name to Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest) and removed some of the more overtly racist elements from its platform. However, the party maintains its opposition to immigration and its commitment to an independent Flanders. It held 12 seats. C. Functioning of Government: 12 / 12 Corruption is relatively rare in Belgium, which was ranked 15 out of 177 countries and territories surveyed in Transparency International’s 2013 Corruption Perceptions Index. In March 2013, Finance Minister Steven Vanackere resigned over a scandal involving a January deal by a state-owned bank to buy back shares at favorable terms from two Christian labor organizations linked to Vanackere’s CD&V; Vanackere admitted no wrongdoing. Civil Liberties: 57 / 60 D. Freedom of Expression and Belief: 15 / 16 Freedoms of s	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,970	Ellen Johnson Sirleaf is the first female African head of state - in which country?	Africa's first female president - World news - Africa \| NBC News Advertise Two U.S. Navy warships were visible offshore for the first time since the war ended in 2003, a rare show of support also meant to protect two high-profile American guests, first lady Laura Bush and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. Security was tight, with armed U.N. peacekeepers surveying the scene with binoculars from atop surrounding buildings. The U.N. redeployed 500 peacekeepers previously stationed outside the capital to strategic points in Monrovia and the international airport. Taylor legacy Sirleaf will serve a six-year term as head of Africa's oldest republic, founded by freed American slaves in 1847. The country has known little but war, however, since a rebel group led by Charles Taylor plunged the country into chaos, invading from neighboring Ivory Coast in 1989. Taylor became president in 1997 but stepped down and was exiled to Nigeria as part of the 2003 peace deal brokered as rebels pressed on the capital. He is now wanted on war crimes charges by a U.N.-backed war crimes court in Sierra Leone for his role in backing a brutal rebel group during that country's 1991-2002 civil war. On a flight to Monrovia early Monday, Rice told reporters Taylor "is through raping and pillaging this country, and the Liberian people are trying to look forward." Nigeria has refused to hand Taylor over to the court and Sirleaf has said only that she would consult with regional leaders regarding Taylor's future. Rice said she's confident Sirleaf will work to hand Taylor over to the Sierra Leone court. Rich in diamonds, iron ore and timber, Liberia was relatively prosperous and peaceful until a 1980 coup saw illiterate Master Sgt. Samuel Doe seize power and order Cabinet ministers tied to poles in their underwear and executed. Harvard-educated Sirleaf was finance minister at the time, but was spared, she told The Associated Press in a recent interview, "by the grace of God." Twice imprisoned in the 1980s by Doe's junta, Sirleaf fled into exile. When Taylor launched a rebel invasion in 1989, Sirleaf briefly supported him — a move that still draws criticism today. The war saw children as young as 10 take up arms. Fighting uprooted half the country's three million people and killed 200,000. Challenges ahead for ‘Iron Lady’ A truce paved the way for presidential elections in 1997 that Sirleaf lost to Taylor. The brazen bid earned her the nickname "Iron Lady." After another rebel war forced Taylor from power in 2003, Sirleaf ran for president again, this time winning a heated November run-off buoyed by a resume that included senior jobs at Citibank, the U.N. and the World Bank. Her soccer star rival, George Weah, was backed by ex-rebel leaders and many ex-combatants. Sirleaf inherits a nation in tatters. The capital has no running water or electricity, and unemployment is an astounding 80 percent. Reflecting how slowly economic wheels are turning, the annual budget is a mere $80 million. Annual donor aid is three-and-a-half times that. Sirleaf says her top priorities include stamping out corruption, getting electricity in the capital and assuring a future for 100,000 ex-combatants who laid down arms last year, many of whom are prowling the streets, unemployed. © 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.	"Masterminds" - Manchester Evening News, November 7, 2015 \| Online Research Library: Questia Read preview Article excerpt 1. Playboy Russia covergirl Maria Kozhevnikova, boxer Nikolai Valuyev, and tennis player Marat Safin shared which honour in December 2011? 2. What William S Burroughs 1961 book popularised the rock music term 'heavy metal', and provided the names for at least two rock bands of the 1970s? 3. What main religion celebrates festivals including Nuakhai, Yatra (or Zatra/Jatra), Pongal, Holi and Shigmo? 4. Which country experienced the Velvet Revolution in Nov-Dec 1989? 5. According to the UK General Teaching Council how many of the 28,000 newly qualified teachers in 2010 had a computerrelated degree: 3; 30; 300 or 3,000? 6. Spell the word: Remanisence; Reminissense; Remeniscence; or Reminiscence? 7. What ancient Sanskrit word loosely meaning 'region' commonly now refers to people (and culture, products, etc) of Indian sub-continent origins? 8. Whom did Forbes Magazine list as the most powerful woman in the Southern Hemisphere in 2011? 9. Unrelated, what is a set of slats and a museum? 10. What ship, whose name means thunderbolt, was Nelson's flagship 1799-1801, and later a training ship for boys? 26 11. The Showa period of Japan coincided with what Emperor's reign? 12. Michael Morpurgo, author of the children's book War Horse, on In state Luther which the 2012 Spielberg film (of the same name) is based, held what UK position from 2003-5? 13. What fashionable Mediterranean resort hosted the G20 international economics conference at the height of the Greek Euro membership crisis? 27 14. How many cubic metres is the space in a room four metres square and three metres high? 15. Which politician bowled faster than Dennis Lillee and Andy Roberts? 16. What element is also known as hydrargyrum? David shows around 17. Whose father wrote and sang the popular Secret Lemonade Drinker song in the award-winning British 1970s-80s R Whites Lemonade TV advert ? … Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details Newspapers Encyclopedia Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,971	What's the world's second-tallest mountain?	Photos: The World's Tallest Mountains Photos: The World's Tallest Mountains By Remy Melina \| August 9, 2010 01:49pm ET MORE Credit: NASA Intro Scientists are now able to pinpoint exactly how tall every mountain on Earth is, thanks to NASA's use of the Earth Observing System series of satellites. Measuring each mountain's summit, or tallest point, by their height above sea level, the 10 tallest mountains in the world all turn out be located in the Himalayas . Each of these mountains belongs to the "eight-thousanders" club, a list that consists of the 14 mountains on Earth that are 8,000 meters (about 26,250 feet) tall or more. Meet the "eight-thousanders" and the brutal challenges they pose to the people who try to climb them. 2 of 12 Annapurna I Nepal 26,545 feet (8,091 meters) The tenth highest mountain in the world, Annapurna I is located in western Nepal, while its smaller sister mountain Annapurna II is in the east. The name Annapurna translates to Goddess of the Harvests in Sanskrit, and is the name of a goddess of fertility and agriculture in Hinduism. French mountaineers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal were the first to reach Annapurna's summit in 1950, in the process becoming the first people in the world to climb a peak over 26,247 feet (8,000) meters. During the perilous journey, frostbite and gangrene forced the expedition doctor to perform emergency amputations, removing both of the explorers' toes and most of Herzog's fingers without anesthetic. 3 of 12 Nanga Parbat Pakistan 26,657 feet (8,125 meters) Nanga Parbat means "Naked Mountain" in Urdu and is also known by the name Diamir, or the "Dwelling Place of the Fairies." Its dangerous ice-covered terrain has also earned it the nickname "deadly mountain," as more than 60 mountain climbers have lost their lives attempting to scale the mountain, according to NASA. Climbing Nanga Parbat is in fact so dangerous that while over 1,800 people have reached Everest's summit, only about 216 people have successfully gotten to the top of Nanga Parbat. 4 of 12 Manaslu Nepal 26,781 feet (8,163 meters) Located in the Mansiri Himal part of the Nepalese Himalayas, Manaslu translates to "Mountain of the Spirit" and is known for its beautiful valley glaciers and steep, snowy peaks. Prone to avalanches, glacier falls, monsoon rainfall and landslides, Manaslu's various scenic trekking routes are also treacherous. Reaching the mountain's summit was not even attempted until the early 1950s, and the first climbers to successfully do so were the Japanese explorers Toshio Imanishi and Gyalzen Norbu, who mounted the summit in 1956. 5 of 12 Dhaulagiri Nepal 26,795 feet (8,167 meters) Dhaulagiri means "White Mountain" in Sanskrit and was named by Max Eiselin, who led a Swiss expedition to its summit in 1960. This was the first Himalayan climb supported by an aircraft, but after the plane crashed, it was abandoned and left in a valley north of the mountain and the mountaineers continued their trek. Dhaulagiri, located in north central Nepal, has a topography consisting of ridges, glaciers and ice falls. It boasts technically challenging routes and massive drops and is therefore mostly attempted only by seasoned mountaineers. 6 of 12 Cho Oyu Nepal/China 26,864 feet (8,188 meters) Compared to Dhaulagiri, Cho Oyu is easier to climb and its summit can be reached in roughly three weeks. The mountain was first climbed in 1954 by Herbert Tichy, Joseph Jöchler and Sherpa Pasang Dawa Lama during an Austrian expedition. The mountain's friendly terrain and snow conditions have made it an increasingly popular destination for ski mountaineers and snowboarders. 7 of 12 Makalu Nepal/China 27,838 feet (8,485 meters) The only eight-thousander to possess an isolated peak shaped like an icy four-sided pyramid, Makalu was first climbed in 1955 by a French expedition led by Jean Franco. Located just 14 miles (22 kilometers) east of Mount Everest, the mountain is exceptionally hard to climb and only five of its initial 16 summit attempts were successful. Makalu's name is believed to be taken from the	Jeopardy Night -- BYOJeopardy Jeopardy Night What is the tallest mountain in Africa? Geography Which Indian festival is celebrated once every twelve years? RELIGION & MYTHOLOGY Falafal Which is the longest running film in indian cinema so far? Movies Largest Footwear Retail Chain in India About India This island is also considered a continent. Geography KRISHNA & RAMA ARE BOTH CONSIDERED AVATAR OF THIS HINDU GOD RELIGION & MYTHOLOGY Tarzan Which Walt Disney Movie Is It? (1999) He was raised by gorillas in the jungle, and didn't even know that he was a human being until he stumbled upon a party of explorers. Now he's torn between loyalty to his gorilla family and his new found friends, and he must decide which group he belongs with. Movies Oldest Stock Exchange in India About India Alaska Which american states has more active volcanoes than all other states combined? Which American state has more active volcanoes than all other states combined? - See more at: http://www.readersdigest.com.au/geography-trivia#sthash.kbZvbw5G.dpuf Name the smallest island shared by two countries. Name the smallest island shared by two countries Name the smallest island shared by two countries Name the smallest island shared by two countries Geography 3 pt Mahashivarathri One of the Hindu festivals is celebrated by fasting throughout the day and staying awake at night in prayer. Which is this festival? RELIGION & MYTHOLOGY	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,972	Who had a No 1 in the 90's with Beetlebum	Blur - Beetlebum - YouTube Blur - Beetlebum Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jul 25, 2008 Blur 21 -- Celebrating 21 years of Blur. To find out more, click here: http://smarturl.it/blur21y Follow Blur on Twitter: www.twitter.com/blurofficial Find Blur on Facebook: www.facebook.com/blur Music video by Blur performing Beetlebum. Category	Tina Turner - 80s Songs and Albums - simplyeighties.com 1988 Tina Live In Europe #86 (US) #8 (UK) 1999 Divas Live '99 #90 (US) 2009 Tina Live #169 (US) #43 (UK) We Don't Need Another Hero (1985) This No.2 hit single (in the UK) was the first track to be lifted from the soundtrack album Mad Max, Beyond Thunderdome, and became the singer's seventh hit of the eighties. Tina starred in the film herself as Aunty Entity, alongside Mel Gibson. The soundtrack was composed by Jean Michel Jarre's father Maurice, and features the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. Let's Stay Together (1983) Peaking at No.6 in the UK, this comeback single for Tina Turner was the first track to be lifted from the hugely successful Private Dancer album, which was later released in the spring of 1984. This cover of the Al Green song (which originally featured on the album of the same name in 1972) was Tina's first release of the eighties and also reached #26 in the U.S. and #3 in the Hot R&B charts and #1 in the U.S. Dance Chart. Al Green's version reached #7 in the UK. Break Every Rule (1986) Tina Turner's sixth solo studio album was released in September 1986 (on the Capitol Records label), reaching #4 in the US and #2 in the UK and achieving Platinum sales in both countries. The album topped both the Swiss and German Charts. Many guests featured on the album with David Bowie, Bryan Adams and Mark Knopfler helping to pen a track each. Phil Collins played drums on What You See Is What You Get, guitars were played by Eric Clapton on Two People and Steve Winwood played keyboards on Afterglow. Tina Live In Europe Released in 1988, Tonight (Live) was lifted from Tina's first live album, and it topped the Dutch Mega Charts. The duet was first recorded in 1984 and featured on the David Bowie album of the same name. Written by Bowie and Iggy Pop, the original track was included on Iggy Pop's Lust For Life album which was released in 1977. Tina Turner and Eric Clapton live at Wembley Arena on June 18th 1987. Creative Commons image by fattkatt I Don't Wanna Lose You (1989) The second single to be lifted from the Foreign Affair album was Tina Turner's final hit single of the eighties, reaching #8 in the UK. Surprisingly, this very memorable song was only a minor hit across Europe, and in the majority of countries failed to break into the Top 20. The B-side featured a new track entitled Stronger Than The Wind.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,973	Name the composer born in Russia in 1882, he became a French citizen in 1934, and an American citizen in 1945, he died in New York City in 1971?	Igor Stravinsky, horoscope for birth date 17 June 1882, born in Oranienbaum, with Astrodatabank biography - Astro-Databank Igor Stravinsky Biography Russian composer and conductor, considered by many to be one of the greatest and most versatile composers of the twentieth century. He helped revolutionize modern music with his vast imagination and impeccable craftsmanship. Stravinsky was to music what Picasso was to art; he departed radically from musical tradition by using irregular, primitive rhythms and harsh dissonances. His greatest works include "The Firebird," 1910, "The Rites of Spring," 1913 "Petrouchka," 1923, "The Rake's Progress,"1951, "Symphony of Wind Instruments," 1920 and "The Dumbarton Oaks Concerts," 1938. Author of "Chronicles of My Life," 1936, "The Poetics of Music," 1947. His later literary works "Memoirs and Commentaries," 1960, "Expositions and Developments," 1962 and "Dialogues and a Diary," 1963, were all co-written with American composer Robert Craft. Stravinsky led a privileged childhood, spending much of his youth on the vast estates of his aristocratic relatives. His father was a Russian opera singer who raised his son to be educated for the law. Music was young Igor's avocation until he met Rimsy-Korsakov in 1902, and began to study music formally with him in 1907. One year later his first symphony was performed. His prodigious ability was brought to the attention of Russian impresario Sergei Diaghilev of the Ballet Russe, who commissioned the young composer to write ballet scores. Dropping his law books forever, Stravinsky became an overnight sensation when his famous ballet "Firebird," was performed in 1910. When the avant-garde ballet "The Rite of Spring," choreographed by Nijinsky, was first performed in Paris three years later, riotous protests broke out in what Stravinsky later called "the battle of May 29, 1913." The following year the work was performed by a symphony orchestra and was recognized as a landmark and masterpiece of modern music. Only seven years prior he had decided on a career in music. After 1914 and the beginning of WW I, he left Russia for Switzerland where he composed ballets based on Russian themes, most notably, "The Wedding" in 1923. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, Stravinsky considered himself an exile. Moving to Paris in the late '20s, he became a French citizen in 1934 and joined the Russian Orthodox Church in 1926; his devout Christianity inspired many of his later works. He toured Europe and the US as a pianist and as a conductor of his own works. Stravinsky married a cousin, Katrina Nossenico, on 1/11/1906. They had four children, son Theodore Fyodor, born 1907, daughter Ludmilla, born 1908, son Sviatoslav and daughter Milene born in 1914. In 1939, his wife, daughter and mother all died. He was invited to do the Harvard lecture series and he moved to the U.S. the following year, having lost so much of what his life meant in Europe. He became an American citizen in 1945. Acknowledging the American environment, he composed his famous "Circus Polka" in 1942 for the elephants of Barnum and Bailey Circus and his "Ebony Concerto" in 1945 for Woody Herman. The young American conductor Robert Craft became Stravinsky's inseparable assistant from 1948. On 3/9/1940 he married Vera Day Bosset Suderkine, a woman whom he had first met in 1921; they spent the happiest years of his life after that time. On his 80th birthday in 1962 Stravinsky made a triumphant return to Russia. In 1969 he and his wife moved to New York City. Stravinsky died holding his wife's hand on 4/06/1971, 5:20 AM, New York, NY. Following the death of his widow Vera in 1983, The Morgan library, The New York Public Library, his children and biographer and protégé Robert Craft fought bitterly over the possession of Stravinsky's archives. Swiss conductor and valium millionaire Paul Sacher finally won them for 5.25 million.	TIMELINE OF WORLD HISTORY TIMELINE OF WORLD HISTORY Pierre Monteux Pierre Benjamin Monteux (pronounced: [pjɛʁ mɔ̃.tï¿½]; 4 April 1875 ï¿½ 1 July 1964) was a French (later American) conductor. After violin and viola studies, and a decade as an orchestral player and occasional conductor, he began to receive regular conducting engagements in 1907. He came to prominence when, for Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes company between 1911 and 1914, he conducted the world premieres of Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring and other prominent works including Petrushka, Ravel's Daphnis et Chloï¿½, and Debussy's Jeux. Thereafter he directed orchestras around the world for more than half a century. From 1917 to 1919 Monteux was the principal conductor of the French repertoire at the Metropolitan Opera in New York. He led the Boston Symphony Orchestra (1919ï¿½24), Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra (1924ï¿½34), Orchestre Symphonique de Paris (1929ï¿½38) and San Francisco Symphony (1936ï¿½52). In 1961, aged eighty-six, he accepted the chief conductorship of the London Symphony Orchestra, a post which he held until his death three years later. Although known for his performances of the French repertoire, his chief love was the music of German composers, above all Brahms. He disliked recording, finding it incompatible with spontaneity, but he nevertheless made a substantial number of records. Monteux was well known as a teacher. In 1932 he began a conducting class in Paris, which he developed into a summer school that was later moved to his summer home in Les Baux in the south of France. After moving permanently to the US in 1942, and taking American citizenship, he founded a school for conductors and orchestral musicians in Hancock, Maine. Among his students in France and America who went on to international fame were Igor Markevitch, Neville Marriner, Andrï¿½ Previn, Lorin Maazel, Seiji Ozawa and David Zinman. The school in Hancock has continued since Monteux's death. Life and career Early years Pierre Monteux was born in Paris, the third son and the fifth of six children of Gustave ï¿½lie Monteux, a shoe salesman, and his wife, Clï¿½mence Rebecca nï¿½e Brisac. The Monteux family was descended from Sephardic Jews who settled in the south of France. The Monteux ancestors included at least one rabbi, but Gustave Monteux and his family were not religious. Among Monteux's brothers were Henri, who became an actor, and Paul, who became a conductor of light music under the name Paul Monteux-Brisac. Gustave Monteux was not musical, but his wife was a graduate of the Conservatoire de Musique de Marseille and gave piano lessons. Pierre took violin lessons from the age of six. When he was nine years old Monteux was admitted to the Conservatoire de Paris. He studied the violin with Jules Garcin and Henri Berthelier, composition with Charles Lenepveu, and harmony and theory with Albert Lavignac. His fellow violin students included George Enescu, Carl Flesch, Fritz Kreisler and Jacques Thibaud. Among the piano students at the Conservatoire was Alfred Cortot, with whom he developed a lifelong friendship. At the age of twelve, Monteux organised and conducted a small orchestra of Conservatoire students to accompany Cortot in performances of concertos in and around Paris. He attended the world premiere of Cï¿½sar Fr	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,505,974	The Glock gun is a noted export of what country?	Timeline \| GLOCK USA > 1963 GLOCK KG is founded by engineer Gaston Glock. The company produces a variety of plastic and steel parts. > 1970s The first military products are developed and produced including field knives, training hand grenades and machinegun belt links. > 1980 GLOCK receives a formal invitation from the Austrian Army to develop a new service sidearm. GLOCK Ges.m.b.H is formed. > 1981 The revolutionary, semi-automatic GLOCK service pistol—with polymer receiver and new “Safe Action”® System—is born. In addition, production starts on a field knife with a saw. > 1982 Commissioned by the Austrian Army, GLOCK competes in a battery of comprehensive and crucial testing exercises against international competition. Contract awarded to GLOCK! > 1983 GLOCK delivers first order of 30,000, G17 9x19 pistols to the Austrian Army. Development of GLOCK spade begins. > 1984 The GLOCK G17 pistol became standard issue for the Norwegian Army, its first NATO member country, and deliveries begin to the Norwegian Army. > 1985 Export marketing activities are intensified and the first subsidiary in the United States is formed. > 1986 The engineering, innovations, and durability of GLOCK pistols immediately capture the attention of both the U.S. law enforcement and commercial markets. > 1987 GLOCK develops the G18 "Select Fire" machine pistol—the smallest machine pistol in the world. Plant #2 in Ferlach/ Austria is inaugurated. > 1988 A second subsidiary is formed in Hong Kong to coordinate sales and marketing activities for Asia/Oceania. Production begins on the G19 Compact, and G17L Competition pistols. > 1989 The demand for GLOCK products increases exponentially and results in exports to more than 45 countries worldwide (special forces, police, and military). More than 350,000 pistols have been sold since 1982, and approximately 2,000 U.S. police departments are carrying 150,000 on duty. > 1990 A third subsidiary is formed in South America to coordinate sales and marketing activities for Latin/Central America and the Caribbean. Production begins on the G22 and G23 .40 pistol models. Plant #1 is expanded in Deutsch-Wagram. > 1991 Production begins on the G20, 10mm Auto pistol, and the G21, .45 Auto pistol comes into series production by mid-year. > 1994 Production begins on the G24 and G24C, chambered in .40. > 1995 Production begins on the G25, .380 Auto. In addition, production begins on subcompact models; the G26, 9x19, and the G27, .40. > 1996 Production begins on the G28, .380 Auto. Also, the G17T is introduced-the training pistol for marking and target cartridges. > 1997 Production begins on the G29, 10mm Auto, and the G30, .45 Auto. Plus, work is completed on the extension of the GLOCK Production Hall #1 in Ferlach, while construction for the new headquarters in Deutsch-Wagram commences. > 1998 Production begins on the .357, G31, G32, and G33 pistols, as well as compensated models G31C and G32C. In addition, production begins on the G34, 9x19, and the G35, .40. These models are designed in strict accordance with IPSC regulations. > 1999 Production begins on the “Slimline” model G36, .45 Auto, and the training pistol G17T AC, 7.8x21 caliber-now equalling 5 training models for different applications and environmental conditions. GLOCK presents the 2 millionth pistol at the Shot Show in Atlanta GA, USA. > 2000 Construction is completed on the new GLOCK headquarters in Deutsch-Wagram. > 2001 In response to some states’ laws, production begins on GLOCK models with integrated key locks. > 2002 Production begins on GLOCK Tactical Lights, and a complete product line of aiming and lighting modules—including visible and invisible lasers-is launched. > 2004 GLOCK introduces complete pistol line—standard, compact, and subcompact—in .45 G.A.P., delivering decisive firepower. > 2006 Celebration of 20 Years of Perfection in the USA. > 2007 Production begins on the GLOCK SF (Short Frame) pistols in .45 Auto and 10mm Auto. GLOCK reaches a significant milestone by selling a total of 5 million pistols worldwide. > 2009 Production begins on	Iran Missile Milestones: 1985-2016 \| Iran Watch Iran Missile Milestones: 1985-2016 1985: Then-speaker of the Iranian Majlis Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani leads a high-level delegation to Libya, Syria, North Korea and China, reportedly to acquire missiles. 1985: Iran receives its first Scud-Bs from Libya. 1987: China sells Iran "Silkworm" anti-ship cruise missiles. 1987: Iran reportedly receives approximately 100 Scud-B missiles from North Korea. Iran had allegedly agreed to finance North Korea's longer-range missile program in exchange for missile technology and the option to buy the finished missiles. 1988: China agrees to provide Iran with equipment and know-how to develop and test medium-range ballistic missiles. 1988: Iran successfully tests the 160 km range Mushak-160 missile. 1990: China and Iran reportedly sign a 10-year agreement for scientific cooperation and the transfer of military technology. 1991: Iran test-fires a ballistic missile identified by U.S. intelligence as a North Korean Scud-C. 1991: Syrian chief of staff General Hikmat Shihabi reportedly visits Tehran to discuss building a factory in Syria for joint development and production of surface-to-surface missiles. 1992: The U.S. Department of State sanctions Iran's Ministry of Defense Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL) for engaging in "missile technology proliferation activities" with North Korea. 1995: Iran receives four Scud Transporter Erector Launchers (TELs) from North Korea. 1996: The State Department sanctions North Korea's Changgwang Sinyong Corporation and Iran's Ministry of Defense Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL) and State Purchasing Office for "missile technology proliferation activities." 1996: Iran test-fires a Chinese-built C-802 surface-to-surface cruise missile. 1996: U.S. Rep. Benjamin Gilman (R-NY) states during a Congressional hearing that U.S. intelligence believes China has "delivered dozens, perhaps hundreds, of missile guidance systems and computerized tools to Iran." 1996: The Washington Times reports that, according to a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) report entitled "Arms Transfers to State Sponsors of Terrorism," China has supplied Iran with missile technology including gyroscopes and accelerometers as well as test equipment and components for an advanced radar system. November 1996: Iran reportedly fires, for the first time, a Chinese C-802 anti-ship missile from one of its 10 Chinese-built "Houdong" patrol boats. June 1997: Iran reportedly tests two Chinese-built C-801K air-launched cruise missiles from a vintage F-4 Phantom, marking the country's first successful test of an air-launched cruise missile. September 1997: The Russian INOR Scientific Center reportedly agrees to supply Iran's Instrumentation Factories Plan with a high-strength steel alloy and three types of alloy foil used to shield missile guidance equipment. December 1997: U.S. satellite reconnaissance reportedly picks up the heat signature of a missile engine test at the Shahid Hemat Industrial Group (SHIG) research facility, south of Tehran. January 1998: According to the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), an Iranian opposition group, Iran has completed development of the Shahab-3 medium-range missile and it is ready for production. July 1998: Iran tests the Shahab-3 missile. According to Iranian sources, the 16-meter long missile can carry a 1,000 kg payload 1,300 km. The missile is believed to be single-stage, liquid-fueled, scaled-up version of North Korea's Nodong missile. July 1998: The State Department imposes sanctions on seven Russian entities for engaging in "proliferation activities related to Iran's missile programs." Designated entities include Baltic State Technical University, Europalace 2000, Glavkosmos, Grafit, INOR Scientific Center, MOSO Company, and Polyus Scientific Production Association. September 1998: Iran publicly displays the Shahab-3 missile at a military parade. Also on display are five air-to-air missiles, Chinese C-801 and C-802 anti-ship missiles, and three Iranian-built, solid propellant surface-to-surface missiles,	trivia_qa.jsonl

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