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1,507,775	Luxardo is the most widely-available brand of which alcoholic spirit?	Luxardo Sambuca gets minty fresh Luxardo Sambuca gets minty fresh 3rd April, 2013 by Samantha Graham The “brightest, buzziest and blue-est” Luxardo Sambuca will be released in May with a new mint flavour. Luxardo Sambuca with Mint will be launched in the UK The new Luxardo Sambuca with Mint will be landing in the UK before anywhere else as promoter Cellar Trends claims it has always been a pioneer market for the market-leading sambuca range. A nationwide promotional campaign for the drink will be launched in the summer via Cellar Trends’ Luxardo Brand Experience team by targeting sociable groups in high energy bars and pubs. Of all the Luxardo flavour releases, Luxardo Mint is described as the most intense with its tingling freshness. At 38% abv it offers the vibrant flavour of a traditional sambuca but with an added burst of mint. Craig Chapman, brand manager for Luxardo at Cellar Trends, said: “The fresh flavour of the new Luxardo with Mint really delivers an intense flavour hit, which makes it perfect for enjoying as a shot.” As well as a neat, chilled shot, the company added that a new serving method for sambuca will be as a long mixed drink, for example mixed with tonic water over ice. This new flavour follows the successful release of Luxardo Pear and Cola in 2012. It will launch initially in the on-trade in a 70cl bottle, followed by the off-trade. Sambuca flavours have helped the Luxardo brand to thrive. Whilst Luxardo Dei Cesari Sambuca remains the top selling clear sambuca in both the UK on- and off-trade, the flavours range now accounts for 25% of total Luxardo Sambuca sales. Since Cellar Trends introduced the first consumer promotional campaign for Luxardo Sambuca in the UK in 1999, the Sambuca sector has grown to reach 294,876 (8.4l) cases from a small base. Related Posts	1. Which Newton-le- Willows singer has been nominated for an MTV award? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. Which Newton-le- Willows singer has been nominated for an MTV award? 2. Lenny Henry will star in which Shakespearean tragedy next year? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. Lenny Henry will star in which Shakespearean tragedy next year? 3. Will Young has been invited to take part in which panel show after saying he is a fan? 4. Nasty Nick Cotton is to return to which TV soap? 5. Which author earns £3m a week in royalties, it was revealed this week? 6. Which band release the album Dig Out Your Soul on Monday? 7. In which year was a World Cup final first decided on penalties? 8. What is the tallest and thickest kind of grass? 9. Which TV cast had a hit with Hi-Fidelity? 10. What nationality was the composer Handel? 11. What is most expensive property in the board game Monopoly? 12. Which Scandinavian group had a top 20 hit in 1993 called Dark Is The Night? 13. In which century was King Henry IV of England born? 14. Who directed the film Alien? 15. Who was the only person to win a medal for Ireland at the Sydney Olympics in 2000? 16. What did Nicholas Copernicus argue was at the centre of our universe, and what was the common belief before then? 17. Which three American states begin with the letter O? 18. In what year did Ruth Ellis become the last woman to be hanged in England? 19. Who was the first British monarch to choose Buckingham Palace as their home? 20. How many Jack’s eyes are visible in a standard pack of playing cards? 21. What is Britain’s largest lake? 22. Cameroon gained its independence from which European country in 1960? 23. Who had a number one in 1960 called Only The Lonely? 24. The 1964 film My Fair Lady was based on a play by whom? 25. Which of the Bronte sisters wrote the novels Agnes Gray and The Tenant Of Wildfell Hall? 26. Which American president once famously proclaimed: “Ich bin ein Berliner”? 27. Which element has the chemical symbol Pb? 28. What was the name of the murder victim at the beginning of the TV series Twin Peaks? 29. Who directed the 2001 film Mulholland Drive? 30. In horse racing, which three racecourses stage the five English classics? ANSWERS: 1. Rick Astley; 2. Othello; 3. Question Time; 4. Eastenders; 5. JK Rowling; 6. Oasis; 7. 1994; 8. Bamboo; 9. The Kids From Fame; 10. German; 11. Mayfair; 12. A-Ha; 13. 14th; 14. Ridley Scott; 15. Sonia O’Sullivan; 16. The Sun. Before then people believed it was the Earth; 17. Ohio, Oklahoma and Oregon; 18. 1955; 19. Queen Victoria; 20. 12; 21. Loch Lomond; 22. France; 23. Roy Orbison; 24. George Bernard Shaw; 25. Anne; 26. John F. Kennedy; 27. Lead; 28. Laura Palmer; 29. David Lynch; 30. Doncaster, Epsom, Newmarket Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,776	Who succeeded King Edward III in 1377?	#OnThisDay in 1377: King Richard II succeeds King Edward III – Royal Central King Richard II; Photo By English: Anonymous - http://www.archist.com.au/assets/images/Richard_II.jpg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5979094 King Richard II; Photo By English: Anonymous - http://www.archist.com.au/assets/images/Richard_II.jpg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5979094 On June 21, 1377, ten-year-old Prince Richard of England succeeded his grandfather, King Edward III, to become King Richard II. At the time of his death, King Edward was 64 years old and had ruled England for half a century. Prince Richard was born in Bordeaux, in France, on January 6, 1367. He was the younger son of Edward, Prince of Wales, and Joan of Kent, and at the time of his birth, he was third in line to the throne after his father and older brother, Edward of Angouleme. It was presumed by all that it would be many years before he was crowned King, if at all. Richard’s paternal grandfather was the illustrious King Edward III, the warrior King who had led the English army in the Hundred Year’s War. In his heyday, King Edward had secured many spectacular victories in France, most notably at Crécy and Poitiers. But by the late 1360s, the King had begun to slow down and was ready to pass the mantle onto his sons. King Edward III ruled England for 50 years. His oldest son, Richard’s father, was known as the Black Prince owing to the dark colour of his armour and was an experienced military commander. Since 1392, the Black Prince had kept a court in France, serving as the King’s representative in Aquitaine. That was where Prince Richard spent the first few years of his life, with his parents and brother. But by his fourth birthday, things had begun to go seriously wrong for the small royal family. In 1370, the Black Prince contracted dysentery while fighting in Spain. Although he returned hold right away, he never really recovered from the illness, which continued to affect him for half a decade. Less than a year later, his older son Edward came down with the plague and died at the age of five. His death was a devastating blow to his parents, who, along with Richard, returned to England right away. Meanwhile, the King’s wife Queen Philippa had also died. In her absence, the ageing King had begun to rely increasingly on his favourite mistress, Alice Perrers. However, his closest advisors decided that Alice had far too much influence over the King, and she was banished from court. With King Edward unable to run the country and the Black Prince incapacitated by illness, it fell to the King’s younger son, John of Gaunt, to look after the welfare of England. For the last few years of his life, King Edward played a limited role in the affairs of the country. In 1376, the Black Prince succumbed to his long illness, predeceasing his father by a year. On June 21, 1377, the King suffered a stroke and died at Sheen Palace. He was succeeded by his grandson, Richard. He was crowned less than a month later and ruled England for 22 years. At the time of his ascension, Richard was popular with the people, who were excited at the prospect of a new, young King who could revive the glory days of his aged grandfather. However, unlike his ancestors, King Richard was not interested in continuing the war. What started off as a bright reign proved to be filled with challenges. In addition to the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381 there was the continuous threat of a French invasion, and after the death of his Queen, King Richard began to exhibit signs of a tyrant, sending his cousin, Henry of Bolingbroke into exile. In 1399, the King was deposed by Bolingbroke, who succeeded him as King Henry IV, and he died in captivity a few months later.	Edward IV Edward IV 1461-83 Parentage and Early Life England's first Yorkist King, Edward IV, was the eldest surviving son of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York and Cecily Neville and was born on 22nd April, 1442 at Rouen, whilst the Duke was stationed in France. His father, Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, held a strong claim to the English throne. He was the son of Richard, Earl of Cambridge, who himself was the son of Edward III's fourth surviving son, Edmund of Langley, Duke of York . Richard of York's mother Anne Mortimer, was the great grandaughter and heiress of Phillipa Plantagenet, the only child of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, second surviving son of Edward III. Richard II had declared Anne's father, Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March , as heir presumptive to the crown. Edward's mother, Cecily Neville, was the daughter of Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland , and Joan Beaufort , daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and his mistress, later wife, Katherine Swynford. The Lancastrian king, Henry VI, was descended from Edward's third son John of Gaunt by a legitimate line from Henry IV On the death of his father and brother, Edmund, Earl of Rutland , in contest for the throne, at Sandal Castle, Wakefield at Christmas, 1460, Edward inherited from his father the Yorkist claim to England's throne. He acquired the support of his powerful cousin, Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick , later to be known to history as 'Warwick the Kingmaker'. Edward proved to be an able general, defeating the Lancastrians at Mortimers Cross in February 1461 after which he was proclaimed king in London. He gained a further decisive victory over the Lancastrians at Towton in Yorkshire, on 29th March, Palm Sunday. Fought in a snowstorm, it was to be the bloodiest battle of the Wars of the Roses, with casualties reported to be in the region of 28,000. The victorious Edward made a state entry into London in June and was crowned King of England at Westminster. Edward's appearance King Edward IV was a very tall man, his skeleton, exhumed in 1789, measured 6 feet 3-3/4 inches in height. Edward was well renowned for his fair complexion and good looks. The Croyland Chronicler described Edward as "a person of most elegant appearance and remarkable beyond all others for the attractions of his person." Thomas More records of Edward ' He was a goodly personage and very princely to behold; of heart courageous, politic in counsel, in adversity nothing abashed, in prosperity rather joyful than proud, in peace just and merciful, in war sharp and fierce, in the field bold and hardy, and nevertheless no further than wisdom would, adventurous. More goes on to add ' He was of visage lovely; of body mighty, strong and clean made; howbeit in his latter days, with over liberal diet, somewhat corpulent and burly but nevertheless noy uncomely. He was in youth greatly given to fleshy wantoness, from which health of body in great prosperity and fortune, without a special grace, hardly refrains.' Mancini wrote "he was licentious in the extreme...he pursued with no discrimination the married and the unmarried, the noble and the lowly: however he took none by force. The extrovert Edward was popular with the people, especially the Londoners and the ladies. Inclined to be lazy and easy going, he could act with alacrity when necessary and was highly efficient, although possessed of the ruthless streak that was inherent in the House of York. Reign On becoming king at nineteen years old, Edward met and secretly married Elizabeth Woodville , the widow of Sir John Grey of Groby, a Lancastrian knight had been killed in the Second Battle of St Albans in 1461. Elizabeth was the daughter of Sir Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers) and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, whose first husband was John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford, the brother of Henry V. Elizabeth first met Edward when she came to petition him for the restoration of her son's estates, the King had wanted her to become his mistress, but she refused. Be	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,777	In which battle of May 1982 did Colonel H. Jones win his posthumous V.C.?	Army top brass had doubts over Lt Col 'H' Jones's Falklands VC - Telegraph Army top brass had doubts over Lt Col 'H' Jones's Falklands VC Lt Col Herbert Jones By Ben Fenton 12:01AM BST 28 Mar 2005 The best-known Victoria Cross award of the post-war era was surrounded by controversy from the earliest days and questioned at the highest levels of the military, newly-released documents have revealed. Lt Col Herbert Jones, universally known simply as 'H', was awarded the VC for charging Argentine positions defending the settlement of Goose Green during the first land battle of the Falklands conflict. He died in the act, but his men, the 2nd Bn Parachute Regiment (2 Para), went on to take all of their objectives against heavy odds. Some time later, authors and historians began to report doubts about the award, suggesting that his actions were ill-judged and rash, much to the anger of his friends and many former comrades. Related Articles Rallying charge was 'devastating display of courage' 28 Mar 2005 But files show that even by the time the first recommendations for medals were received in London, less than six weeks after the final recapture of the Falklands, these doubts were already circulating. The VC is awarded only on the recommendation to the Queen by the Prime Minister and the Defence Secretary and they act only on the recommendation of the VC committee for the relevant service. This committee is made up of three senior officers and the deputy permanent secretary of the Ministry of Defence. In turn, they act on the recommendations made through the chain of command, when senior officers can offer various levels of support for an award, from simply recommending them to strongly, or very strongly recommending them. The new papers show that Lt Col Jones's citation was "very strongly recommended" by the overall commander of Land Forces for the campaign. But his superior, the Task Force commander Adml Sir John Fieldhouse, had given it "only" a recommendation. The files also show that the committees considered awarding him a posthumous Military Cross instead. Papers composed by or for Lt Gen Sir Roland Guy, the Military Secretary of the Army and secretary to the VC committee, give an insight into why this may have happened. Sir Roland wrote to his colleagues about Lt Col Jones on July 24, 1982: "It can be argued that [his] action was reckless and that at a critical moment in the attack he needlessly risked his life and showed a lack of judgment rather than conspicuous bravery. "It is clear from the citation, however, that his action, which epitomises the determination, drive and offensive spirit which exemplified his leadership of the Battalion, was committed at what was the critical and pivotal moment of the battle; that its effect upon the enemy and his own battalion was decisive and that such action was necessary at that moment to break the stalemate which had already lasted an hour or more." Sir Roland did not include in his recommendation the remarks of his deputy, who had written: "The fact is that Jones's single-minded determination to get on, to close with and destroy the enemy so inspired his own battalion that they went to achieve a feat of arms which defied all accepted military theory. "It set the tenor for subsequent British land operations and gave the enemy a marked sense of inferiority in combat. There is no doubt that his VC, if approved, will also, inseparably, be 2 Para's VC." A similar approach had already been taken by a tri-service committee set up specially by the MoD "to adjudicate on overall standards [inserted] & to monitor the number of awards by grades to each service" arising from the conflict. They wrote of Lt Col Jones: "His was considered to be the key action at a moment of stalemate which probably unlatched the gate to further momentum and ultimate success. "There could be a view that his action was hot-headed and ill-judged but this did not detract from the conspicuous bravery he showed." Maj Gen [then Brig] Julian Thompson, his commanding officer, said: "In my opinion, a commanding officer	Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack \| American Civil War \| Britannica.com Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack American Civil War Alternative Title: Battle of Hampton Roads Related Topics Confederate States of America Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack, also called Battle of Hampton Roads, (March 9, 1862), in the American Civil War , naval engagement at Hampton Roads , Virginia , a harbour at the mouth of the James River , notable as history’s first duel between ironclad warships and the beginning of a new era of naval warfare . In the first battle of ironclad warships, the Confederate Virginia … Courtesy, American Antiquarian Society The Northern-built Merrimack, a conventional steam frigate, had been salvaged by the Confederates from the Norfolk navy yard and rechristened the Virginia . With her upper hull cut away and armoured with iron, this 263-foot (80.2-metre) masterpiece of improvisation resembled, according to one contemporary source, “a floating barn roof.” Commanded by Commodore Franklin Buchanan , and supported by several other Confederate vessels, the Virginia virtually decimated a Union fleet of wooden warships off Newport News , Virginia, on March 8th—destroying the sloop Cumberland and the 50-gun frigate Congress, while the frigate Minnesota ran aground. The Union ironclad Monitor , under the command of Lieutenant John Worden , arrived the same night. This 172-foot “Yankee Cheese Box on a raft,” with its water-level decks and armoured revolving gun turret, represented an entirely new concept of naval design. Thus the stage was set for the dramatic naval battle of March 9, with crowds of Union and Confederate supporters watching from the decks of nearby vessels and the shores on either side. Soon after 8:00 am the Virginia opened fire on the Minnesota, and the Monitor appeared. They passed back and forth on opposite courses. Both crews lacked training; firing was ineffective. The Monitor could fire only once in seven or eight minutes but was faster and more maneuverable than her larger opponent. After additional action and reloading, the Monitor’s pilothouse was hit, driving iron splinters into Worden’s eyes. The ship sheered into shallow water, and the Virginia, concluding that the enemy was disabled, turned again to attack the Minnesota. But her officers reported low ammunition, a leak in the bow, and difficulty in keeping up steam. At about 12:30 pm the Virginia headed for its navy yard; the battle was over. Similar Topics	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,778	What does FAO Schwarz sell?	Toy Store FAO Schwarz To Close After 145 Years Toy Store FAO Schwarz to Close After 145 Years Ben Hider—Getty Images A general view of the exterior facade of FAO Schwarz flagship Toy store in the General Motors Building at Fifth Avenue and 58th Street on December 30, 2013 in New York City. FAO Schwarz hopes to find a new home in New York City The FAO Schwarz toy store on New York City’s Fifth Avenue will be closing its doors this summer. It’s the last remaining location of the iconic toy brand. FAO Schwarz has had a location in New York City since 1870, but on July 15, the flagship location will close because of higher rents in the prime shopping district and competition from online retailers, reports the New York Times. The store once had 40 locations across the country, but the one on Fifth Avenue, which opened in 1986, is the only store remaining. Toys “R” Us, which owns FAO Schwarz, will continue to sell the boutique brand in its stores. But the company has troubles of its own; by the end of 2016 it plans to leave its flagship location on Broadway in Times Square. FAO Schwarz is reportedly looking for a new home in New York City.	Portfolio \| September 2014 by Motivate Publishing - issuu issuu Issue 105 ■ September 2014 Exclusive to Emirates First Class and Business Class TECH TITANS Europe’s Online Love Affair RETAIL DRIVE Africa’s Big Spenders CASHEW APPLES A Juicy Business Reed Hastings The Netflix Innovator . “Double take” by Marine Vacth Joséphine Rings 9 Exclusive to Emirates First Class and Business Class Cover Story 30 The On-demand Content Master Reed Hastings, like all good tech gurus, has taken a simple idea and made it into a thriving business. Through its on-demand video streaming and original content, Netflix has altered the media landscape forever. Features 36 Expanding Middle Class Fuels Growth 54 Hong Kong’s Rich Resist Market Forces Consumer demand – not cyclical commodity prices – is The superluxury real estate market is holding its own even as fuelling development and economic expansion in sub- property prices in the lower-tier sectors dip. Saharan Africa. 58 Growing Shrimp in a Barrel 42 Europe’s Love of US Tech Titans New aquaculture methods are being tested as demand and Despite worrying about their privacy, Europeans are heavy users of Facebook, Google and Amazon. prices for shrimp rise and natural stocks decline. 54 48 Streamlining the Auto-Rickshaw Business Indian startups are using programs with algorithms to connect auto-rickshaw drivers with customers. 58 10 Exclusive to Emirates First Class and Business Class Essentials 63 Ship Shape Oslo Norway has a proud tradition of exploration and seafaring, nowhere better on display than in Oslo’s outstanding maritime museums. 68 Detroit Love, Swedish Style The Big Power Meet, a huge classic-car gathering, clearly illustrates the Swedish love affair with old American cars. 63 72 The Great War’s Reminders It has been 100 years since World War I erupted, but around Ypres in Belgium the earth is releasing constant reminders. 76 Apple of Pepsi’s Eye The juice extracted from cashew apples could be the next coconut water if Pepsi has its way. 80 Keeping a Historic Ship Afloat 68 The SS United States, which set the record for an eastbound crossing of the Atlantic in 1952, is likely to be scrapped if plans for its redevelopment fail. 84 Stepping Into the Frame L’Estaque, which used to be a small fishing village close to Marseille, inspired painters such as Paul Cézanne, Georges Braque and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. 88 Other Business Portfolio takes a light-hearted look at the latest business news. Departments 13 Notebook World business in a nutshell. 21 Observer Spotting and analysing business trends. 28 Column: Claire Cain Miller Women on the Board Published for Emirates by Media One Towers, Dubai Media City, PO Box 2331, Dubai, UAE. Telephone: (+971 4) 4273000 e-mail: emirates@motivate.ae 84 Editor-in-Chief Obaid Humaid Al Tayer Managing Partner & Group Editor Ian Fairservice Editorial Director Gina Johnson Group Editor Guido Duken Junior Writer Mary Sophia Picture Researcher Hilda D’Souza Editorial Assistant Londresa Flores Senior Art Director Tarak Parekh Senior Designer Charlie Banalo Head of Production S Sunil Kumar Senior Production Manager C Sudhakar Group Sales Manager Jaya Balakrishnan Email: jaya@motivate.ae General Manager – Group Sales Anthony Milne Email: anthony@motivate.ae Sales Manager Melroy Noronha Email: melroy@motivate.ae INTERNATIONAL MEDIA REPRESENTATIVES AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND Okeeffe Media; Tel + 61 412 080 600, licia@okm.com.au BENELUX M.P.S. Benelux; Tel +322 720 9799, francesco.sutton@mps-adv. com CHINA Publicitas Advertising; Tel +86 10 5879 5885 GERMANY IMV Internationale Medien Vermarktung GmbH; Tel +49 8151 550 8959, w.jaeger@imv-media. com HONG KONG/MALAYSIA/THAILAND Sonney Media Networks; Tel +852 2151 2351, hemant@sonneymedia.com INDIA Media Star; Tel +91 22 4220 2103, ravi@ mediastar.co.in ITALY & SPAIN IMM International; Tel +331 40 1300 30, n.devos@imm-international.com JAPAN Tandem Inc.; Tel + 81 3 3541 4166, all@tandem-inc. com NETHERLANDS GIO Media; Tel +31 6 29031149, giovanni@gio-media.nl TURKEY Media Ltd.; Tel +90 212 275 51 52, mediamarketingtr@me	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,779	Fishermen from which English port were reputed to have hung a monkey during the Napoleonic Wars, thinking it was a French spy?	The Hartlepool Monkey, Who hung the monkey? – This is Hartlepool History of Hartlepool 52,985 Views The Monkey Hanging Story The monkey-hanging legend is the most famous story connected with Hartlepool. During the Napoleonic Wars a French ship was wrecked off the Hartlepool coast. During the Napoleonic Wars there was a fear of a French invasion of Britain and much public concern about the possibility of French infiltrators and spies. The fishermen of Hartlepool fearing an invasion kept a close watch on the French vessel as it struggled against the storm but when the vessel was severely battered and sunk they turned their attention to the wreckage washed ashore. Among the wreckage lay one wet and sorrowful looking survivor, the ship’s pet monkey dressed to amuse in a military style uniform. The fishermen apparently questioned the monkey and held a beach-based trial. Unfamiliar with what a Frenchman looked like they came to the conclusion that this monkey was a French spy and should be sentenced to death. The unfortunate creature was to die by hanging, with the mast of a fishing boat (a coble) providing a convenient gallows. The Monkey Song In former times, when war and strife The French invasion threaten’d life An’ all was armed to the knife The Fisherman hung the monkey O ! The Fishermen with courage high, Siezed on the monkey for a French spy; “Hang him !” says one; “he’s to die” They did and they hung the monkey Oh! They tried every means to make him speak And tortured the monkey till loud he did speak; Says yen “thats french” says another “its Greek” For the fishermen had got druncky oh! Hammer his ribs, the thunnerin thief Pummel his pyet wi yor neef! He’s landed here for nobbut grief He’s aud Napoleon’s uncky O! Thus to the Monkey all hands behaved “Cut off his whiskers!” yen chap raved Another bawled out “He’s never been shaved”, So commenced to scrape the Monkey, O! They put him on a gridiron hot, The Monkey then quite lively got, He rowl’d his eyes tiv a’ the lot, For the Monkey agyen turned funky O!. Then a Fisherman up te Monkey goes, Saying “Hang him at yence, an’ end his woes,” But the Monkey flew at him and bit off his nose, An’ that raised the poor man’s Monkey O! In former times, mid war an’ strife, The French invasion threatened life, An’ all was armed to the knife, The Fishermen hung the Monkey O! The Fishermen wi’ courage high, Seized on the Monkey for a spy, “Hang him” says yen, says another,”He’ll die!” They did, and they hung the Monkey O!. They tortor’d the Monkey till loud he did squeak Says yen, “That’s French,” says another “it’s Greek” For the Fishermen had got drunky, O! “He’s all ower hair!” sum chap did cry, E’en up te summic cute an’ sly Wiv a cod’s head then they closed an eye, Afore they hung the Monkey O!. Did it really happen? So is it true? Did it really happen like that? You won’t find many people in Hartlepool who say it didn’t. They love the story. The term was originally derogatory and for a long, long time after the event, people from neighbouring towns used the tale to mock Hartlepool and its inhabitants, and Hartlepudlians were often on the receiving end of the jibe: “Who hung the monkey?” , and is often applied to supporters of Hartlepool United Football Club by supporters of their arch rivals Darlington. However it has been embraced by many Hartlepudlians, and only a small minority still consider the term offensive. Then there are some who point to a much darker interpretation of the yarn. They say that the creature that was hanged might not have been a monkey at all; it could have been a young boy. After all, the term powder-monkey was commonly used in those times for the children employed on warships to prime the cannon with gunpowder. Whatever the truth the story of the Hartlepool monkey is a legend which has endured over two centuries and now enters its third as strong as ever. Monkey usage in Hartlepool today The local Rugby Union team Hartlepool Rovers are known as the Monkeyhangers, Hartlepool United F.C.’s mascot is a monkey called H’Angus the Monkey. A visit to Ha	Cutty Sark · National Historic Ships UK 963.00 History Built in 1869 by Scott & Linton at Dumbarton, for the original owner John Willis, CUTTY SARK is the sole surviving extreme clipper, designed to be very fast. She was one of the last tea clippers built, but as this trade was taken over by the steamers using the Suez Canal, she turned to general trading including transporting wool from Australia. It was during this time that she made her legendary fast voyages. In 1895 she was sold to a Portuguese company and renamed FERRIERA. She was re-rigged as a barquentine following a dismasting in 1916. Captain Dowman of Falmouth decided she should be preserved and in 1922 bought the ship and made her part of a floating nautical school he was operating. In 1938, his widow presented the ship to the Thames Nautical Training School at Greenhithe. They maintained the ship until 1952 when the Cutty Sark Preservation Society was formed under the leadership of Frank Carr, Director of the National Maritime Museum, and the patronage of HRH the Duke of Edinburgh. The ship was permanently installed in a stone dry-dock at Greenwich on the Thames, and fully restored to her appearance as an active sailing vessel. In the 1990s, structural problems were first identified in her hull and plans were put in motion for a full restoration. She was awarded a grant of £13 million by the Heritage Lottery Fund and, in November 2006, her rig was dismantled prior to work commencing. On 21 May 2007, a fire broke out onboard CUTTY SARK in the early hours of the morning and was later put out by the London Fire Brigade. The Cutty Sark Conservation Project is a £25 million scheme, not only to preserve the fabric of the ship, but also to ensure that she has a sustainable future. The vessel will be lifted and suspended three metres above her current position, allowing her visitors to walk, dine or dance under her and, for the first time, be able to properly appreciate her beautiful lines. A sophisticated glass 'bubble' meeting the ship at the waterline will give year-round protection to visitors in the dry berth and to the lower hull itself. These new works will be clearly distinguishable so that each visitor knows what is historic and what is not. A new interpretation scheme will be installed to give a more atmospheric, more dramatic sense of life and times of the ship. This vessel is a survivor from the First World War. You can read more about her wartime history by visiting our First World War: Britain's Surviving Vessels website www.ww1britainssurvivingvessels.org.uk . Significance 1. What is the vessel’s ability to demonstrate history in her physical fabric? Evidence for designs, functions, techniques, processes, styles, customs and habits or uses and associations in relation to events and people. How early, intact or rare these features are may impact on significance. CUTTY SARK has undergone numerous repairs during her lifetime, including conservation work in 1954-1957, and then, following a 1998 survey, a six-year project commencing in 2006. However, she retains the majority of her original wrought iron structure, which comprises 139 iron hull frames, deck beams, stringers, keel plate, box keelson, bilge keelson, side keelson, stanchions and the fore and aft collision bulkhead (openings have been made in the hull for access reasons) making her one of only two surviving composite vessels in the world. The iron hull frames have survived intact with only a small area of loss behind the aft bulkhead. Significantly the original markers stamp of ‘monkland’ and rating of the quality of the wrought iron as ‘Glasgow best’ (the poorest quality iron) are evident. These frames have been preserved, using modern methods, in their current condition. With 70% of fixing holes wasted below the bilge strake, and 90% of fixing above the bilge strake still usable, the hull planks under the bilge strake have been re-attached to ‘sister frames’ which consisted of new steels inserted in-between the original frames, attached from the bilge strake down to the keel plate.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,780	What composer died while composing a Requiem in 1791?	MLIT 10.7 - 1791- Died from illness while composing his Requiem Mass or Mass View Full Document October 7, 2013 Music Lecture  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart  Born 1756-1791  *Country of Origin: Austria  Born in Salzburg, Austria  Child Prodigy – toured Europe from age 6 to 17  Father was Leopold Mozart, also a court musician  Court musician (organist) at the court in Salzburg which was ruled by an archbishop who didn’t like him  Mozart’s Life  1781- quit his court position and became a freelance musician  1782- Married This is the end of the preview. Sign up to access the rest of the document. Unformatted text preview: 1791- Died from illness while composing his Requiem Mass or Mass for the Dead *First musician to achieve musical independence Died penniless buried in an unmarked grave Supreme in all forms of music: opera, symphony, concerto Musical genius: finest keyboardist in Europe, had perfect pitch, photographic memory Arrogant, tactless but great friends with Haydn... October 9, 2013 Music Lecture Musical Forms Binary= A-B Ternary= A-B-A Theme and V MLIT 10.9	Haydn: Classical Music's Cheerful Servant : NPR Joseph Haydn's cheerful wit found its way into many of his compositions. Getty Images hide caption toggle caption Getty Images Joseph Haydn died 200 years ago Sunday. He was, by any measure, a prolific composer. In addition to the five dozen or so string quartets, he wrote hundreds of trios, piano sonatas, oratorios, masses, operas, songs and concertos, as well as more than 100 symphonies. In Haydn's time, promising talent didn't sign with a music company. Instead, one found a patron — some rich family that would sponsor all musical endeavors. When Haydn left school and St. Stephen's boys choir in Vienna, however, he didn't have many composition skills, his voice had cracked and he wasn't even very attractive. But music historian Robert Greenberg says that didn't stop Haydn. "What he had going for him at that age was determination, his energy and an amazing personality," Greenberg says. And, if a famous quote is any indication, Haydn was well aware of his own wit, which often found its way into his music. He said, "Since God has given me a cheerful heart, he will forgive me for serving him cheerfully." Haydn finally found his rich benefactor, and for nearly three decades (1761-1790), he served cheerfully as music master to Prince Nikolaus, who built a lavish palace outside of Vienna in the Hungarian swampland. Here, Greenberg says, away from the general public, Haydn was free to compose and experiment. He created a body of work, and a style — a relaxed, cheerful, but still emotionally intense style — that we generally refer to today as the "classical" style. Article continues after sponsorship After Nikolaus died in September 1790, Haydn was a free man. Soon, he was approached by a London concert manager, who reportedly knocked on the composer's door, saying, "I am Salomon from London, and I have come to fetch you." Haydn ended up making two extended visits to London, composing his final 12 symphonies (called the "London Symphonies") for his adoring English fans.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,781	In which Irish mountain range does the River Liffey rise?	Rivers of Ireland \| Look Around Ireland Rivers of Ireland Rivers of Ireland The rivers of Ireland are one of the most intriguing elements of the landscape. In proportion to the size of the island of Ireland, there exists a huge amount of rivers and river kilometres. The River Shannon is the longest in the British Isles. Apart from the 10 longest rivers listed below, there are shorter but significant rivers of great importance to the towns and cities they pass through or where they enter the sea. Some of these would include the River Lagan, which exits through Belfast, the River Foyle, which forms a very wide expanse of water as it exits through Derry City. The Avonmore and Avonbeg Rivers form the famous Meeting of the Waters joining as the River Avoca and then enter the Irish Sea at the busy port of Arklow in County Wicklow . 10 Longest Rivers of Ireland River Shannon 386km The Avoca The River Avoca is somewhat unusual as it begins as two separate rivers, the Avonmore (in Irish, Abhainn Mhór, meaning “large river”) and the Avonbeg (Abhainn Bheag, meaning “small river”). These two rivers converge to form the Avoca. This happens at the “ Meeting of the Waters ”, a place of incredible scenic beauty.The river itself is located in the county of Wicklow and enters the sea at Arklow. It flows through the Irish village also named Avoca which is the setting for the BBC series “Ballykissangel”. Despite its amazing natural beauty, major concerns have arisen in recent years concerning pollution of the river. The Bandon The Bandon is a river located in Co. Cork . It rises in the Shehy Mountains in the west of the county and flows eastward through Dunmanway, Balineen, Enniskeane, Bandon and Inishannon to Kinsale Harbour. The river is a good fishing area and has an estimated catch of 1300 salmon and a similar catch of sea-trout per year. The Bann The Bann is the longest river in Northern Ireland , stretching a total of 129 kilometres from the Mourne Mountains in County Down to the northern coast of Ireland, entering the Atlantic Ocean at Portstewart. The Bann is unusual as it flows into the very large Lough Neagh at Bannfoot, Co. Armagh before continuing its journey northward. The has led to the River Bann being divided into two rivers; the Upper Bann which lies to the south of Lough Neagh and the Lower Bann which lies to the north. Numerous activities take place along the Bann, including cruises, canoeing, rowing, waterskiing, angling and several others. The Barrow The Barrow is one of the “Three Sisters” rivers which are comprised of the Nore, the Suir and the Barrow. All three rise in the same mountainous area of Tipperary and flow in a southerly direction. It is 192 kilometres in length (the second longest in Ireland) and enters the Atlantic Ocean at Waterford. It also links with the Grand Canal at Athy, which connects Dublin with the Shannon in the west. The Barrow also passes through the town of New Ross in Co. Wexford where the replica famine ship “ The Dunbrody ” can be seen. The Boyne The River Boyne, one of the more well-known Irish rivers, has its source near Edenderry, Co. Offaly . It is approximately 112 kilometres in length and enters the Irish Sea at Drogheda. The River Boyne is a highly popular fishing area, particularly for trout and salmon fishing, and also boasts many beautiful scenic views along its course. However, the Boyne is most renowned for its prominence in Irish history and folklore. The Battle of the Boyne took place in 1690 near Drogheda along the banks of the river and would be considered one of the most famous battles in Irish history. Steeped in Celtic mythology, the River Boyne is also believed to be the location of “ The Salmon of Knowledge ”, an ancient Irish legend. The Corrib The River Corrib is located in Co. Galway and is one of Ireland’s shortest rivers, a mere 6 kilometres in length. Despite this, it is quite well-known as it flows through the heart of Galway City after travelling the short distance from Lough Corrib where it rises. The Corrib is also one of	THE NATIONAL ANTHEM OF THE REPUBLIC IRELAND - A SOLDIERS SONG LYRICS A Soldiers Song Lyrics The National Anthem of the Republic Ireland Miscellaneous Seo dhibh a cháirde duan óglaigh, Cathréimeach briomhar ceolmhar, ár dtinte cnámh go buacach táid, 'S an spéir go min réaltogach Is fonnmhar faobhrach sinn chun gleo 'S go tiúnmhar glé roimh thíocht do'n ló Fé chiúnas chaomh na hoiche ar seol: Seo libh canaídh Amhrán na bhFiann Curfá: A tá fé gheall ag éirinn, buion dár slua Thar toinn do ráinig chugainn, Fé mhóid bheith saor. Sean tír ár sinsir feasta Ní fhagfar fé'n tiorán ná fén tráil Anocht a théam sa bhearna bhaoil, Le gean ar Ghaeil chun báis nó saoil Le guna screach fé lámhach na bpiléar Seo libh canaídh Amhrán na bhFiann. Cois bánta réidhe, ar árdaibh sléibhe, Ba bhuachach ár sinsir romhainn, Ag lámhach go tréan fé'n sár-bhrat séin Tá thuas sa ghaoith go seolta Ba dhúchas riamh d'ár gcine cháidh Gan iompáil siar ó imirt áir, 'S ag siúl mar iad i gcoinne námhad Seo libh, canaídh Amhrán na bhFiann Curfá We'll sing a song, a soldier's song, With cheering rousing chorus, As round our blazing fires we throng, The starry heavens o'er us; Impatient for the coming fight, And as we wait the morning's light, Here in the silence of the night, We'll chant a soldier's song. Chorus: whose lives are pledged to Ireland; Some have come from a land beyond the wave. Sworn to be free, No more our ancient sire land Shall shelter the despot or the slave. Tonight we man the gap of danger In Erin's cause, come woe or weal "Mid cannons" roar and rifles peal, We'll chant a soldier's song. In valley green, on towering crag, Our fathers fought before us, And conquered 'neath the same old flag That's proudly floating o'er us. We're children of a fighting race, That never yet has known disgrace, And as we march, the foe to face, We'll chant a soldier's song. Chorus	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,782	Drill, Poplin and Velour are all types of what?	Glossary of Fabric Terms - Fabric - Store A manufactured fiber, its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable and excellent color retention. Alpaca A natural hair fiber obtained from the Alpaca sheep, a domesticated member of the llama family. Angora The hair of the Angora goat. Also known as Angora mohair. Angora may also apply to the fur of the Angora rabbit. Antique Satin A reversible satin-weave fabric with satin floats on the technical face and surface slubs on the technical back created by using slub-filling yarns. It is usually used with the technical back as the right side for drapery fabrics and often made of a blend of fibers. Batik A method of dyeing fabric where some areas are covered with wax or pastes made of glues or starches to make designs by keeping dyes from penetrating in pattern areas. Multicolored and blended effects are obtained by repeating the dyeing process several times, with the initial pattern of wax boiled off and another design applied before dyeing again in a new color. A lightweight, plain weave fabric, semi-sheer and usually made of cotton or cotton blends. Appropriate for heirloom sewing, baby clothes and lingerie. Bedford Cord A cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction. Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes. A fabric with a crosswise rib made from textile fibers (as rayon, nylon, cotton, or wool) often in combination. Boiled Wool Felted knitted wool, it offers the flexibility of a knit with great warmth. Create your own by washing double the needed amount of 100% wool jersey in hot water and drying in a hot dryer. Expect 50% shrinkage. Appropriate for jackets, vests and stuffed animals. Blackout A type of fabric that is commonly used for drapery, this fabric has the distinctive quality of blocking light, and comes in two forms: 2-pass and 3-pass. Two-pass has two “passes” of foam on a fabric, which means the black layer of foam will be visible. 3-pass has two layers of white and one layer of black foam. Three-pass can also be used as an upholstery fabric, as the black layer is not visible. Blackout fabrics can also be insulating and noise-dampening. Buckram A very stiff cotton fabric that is been soaked in a substance to fill in the gaps between the fibers. The fiber is usually cotton and is finished with starch and resin. Buckram fabric is most commonly used as the supporting material inside of baseball caps. It is also used in lady's hats, costumes, belts, and handbags. A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric. It has a rough hand. Appropriate for draperies and decorative items. Burn-out Velvet Created from two different fibers, the velvet is removed with chemicals in a pattern leaving the backing fabric intact. Appropriate for more unconstructed and loosely fit garments. Chenille The French word for caterpillar, this soft fabric is created by placing short pieces of yarns between core yarns and twisting the yarn together to make a fabric. This fabric is commonly used for baby items and in home décor fabrics. Chantilly lace This lace has a net background, and the pattern is created by embroidering with thread and ribbon to create floral designs. The pattern has areas of design that are very dense, and the pattern is often outlined with heavier cords or threads. Charm Quilt A quilt made of many, many small patches (traditionally 2" or so) where each piece is a different fabric. The pattern is usually a one-patch design and often involves swaps and trades with friends to gather many fabrics. Charmuese A luxurious, supple silky fabric with a shiny satin face and a dull back. Generally either silk, rayon ,or polyester. Suitable for blouses, fuller pants and lingerie. Cotton a white vegetable fiber grown in warmer climates in many parts of the world, has been used to produce many types of fabric for hundreds of years. Cotton fabric feels good against the skin regardless of the temperature or the humidity and is therefore in great demand by	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,783	Which Christmas carol includes the lyrics '...To save us all from Satan's power, when we were gone astray..'?	Christmas Carols Song Christmas Lyrics More than 100 Christmas Lyrics Songs O Come, All Ye Faithful O come, all ye faithful, joyful and triumphant, Come ye, O come ye, to Bethlehem. Come and behold Him, born the King of angels; Refrain O come, let us adore Him, O come, let us adore Him, O come, let us adore Him, Christ the Lord. True God of true God, Light from Light Eternal, Lo, he shuns not the Virgin's womb; Son of the Father, begotten, not created; Refrain Sing, choirs of angels, sing in exultation; Sing, all ye citizens of heaven above! Glory to God, all glory in the highest; Refrain See how the shepherds, summoned to His cradle, Leaving their flocks, draw nigh to gaze; We too will thither bend our joyful footsteps; Refrain Child, for us sinners poor and in the manger, We would embrace Thee, with love and awe; Who would not love Thee, loving us so dearly? Refrain Yea, Lord, we greet Thee, born this happy morning; Jesus, to Thee be glory given; Word of the Father, now in flesh appearing. Refrain Angels, From the Realms of Glory Angels, from the realms of glory, Wing your flight o'er all the earth; Ye, who sang creation's story, Now proclaim Messiah's birth: Worship Christ, the new-born King. Shepherds in the field abiding, Watching o'er your flocks by night, God with man is now residing; Yonder shines the infant Light: Sages, leave your contemplations, Seek the great Desire of nations; Ye have seen his natal star: Saints before the altar bending, Watching long in hope and fear, Suddenly the Lord, descending, In his temple shall appear. The First Noel The first Noel, the angel did say, Was to certain poor shepherds in fields as they lay; In fields where they lay keeping their sheep, On a cold winter's night that was so deep. Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel, Born is the King of Israel. They looked up and saw a star Shining in the East, beyond them far; And to the earth it gave great light, And so it continued both day and night. Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel, Born is the King of Israel. And by the light of that same star, Three wise men came from country far; To seek for a King was their intent, And to follow the star wherever it went. Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel, Born is the King of Israel. This star drew night to the northwest, O'er Bethlehem it took its rest; And there it did both stop and stay, Right over the place where Jesus lay. Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel, Born is the King of Israel. Then entered in those wise men three, Full reverently upon their knee; And offered there in his presence, Their gold, and myrrh, and frankincense. Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel, Born is the King of Israel. Good Christian Men, Rejoice With heart and soul, and voice; Give ye heed to what we say: Jesus Christ is born to-day; Ox and ass before him bow, And he is in the manger now. Christ is born to-day! With heart and soul, and voice; Now ye hear of endless bliss: Jesus Christ was born for this! He hath oped the heavenly door, And man is blessed evermore. Christ was born for this! Christ was born for this! Good Christian men, rejoice, With heart and soul, and voice; Now ye need not fear the grave: Jesus Christ was born to save! Calls you one and calls you all To gain his everlasting hall. Christ was born to save! Christ was born to save! What Child Is This? What child is this, who, laid to rest, On Mary's lap is sleeping? Whom angels greet with anthems sweet, While shepherds watch are keeping? This, this is Christ the King, Whom shepherds guard and angels sing: Haste, haste to bring him laud, The babe, the son of Mary. Why lies he in such mean estate Where ox and ass are feeding? Good Christian, fear: for sinners here The silent Word is pleading. So bring him incense, gold, and myrrh, Come, peasant, king, to own him. the King of kings salvation brings, Let loving hearts enthrone him. God Rest You Merry Gentlemen God rest you merry, gentlemen, Let nothing you dismay, Was born on Christmas Day; To save us all from Satan's power When we were gone astray. O tidings of comfort and joy, Comfort and joy, O tidings of comfort and joy! From God our heavenly Father A blessed a	The UK Number Ones : 1950s Sheet Music Sales Week Ending SONG TITLE Notable Recording(s) + Artist Links Weeks COMMENT 7 Jan 1950 You're Breaking My Heart Ink Spots 2 They were a top close-harmony singing act of black Americans. 21 Jan 1950 Hop Scotch Polka Billy Whitlock 1 Whitlock wrote the piece with that title, but called it "Scotch Hot" on the recording! 28 Jan 1950 The Harry Lime Theme Anton Karas 4 (Returned for 3 weeks from w/e 18/2/50) Famed theme from the spy film "The Third Man", starring Orson Welles. The theme was composed by the performer. 4 Feb 1950 Dear Hearts And Gentle People 1: Dinah Shore Song was a radio favourite on the "Billy Cotton Band Show". 11 Mar 1950 Music! Music! Music! Teresa Brewer 6 First major hit for the girl from Ohio. She later did badly against UK cover versions. 22 Apr 1950 (If I Knew You Were Comin') I'd've Baked A Cake Eve Young & The Homesteaders 1 Another happy-go-lucky radio favourite which Billy Cotton helped to popularise. 29 Apr 1950 My Foolish Heart Billy Eckstine 11 He was a deep-voiced star from the 1930s, still very popular throughout the 50s. 8 Jul 1950 Bewitched (Bothered and Bewildered) 1: Doris Day Written by Rodgers & Hart. Recorded by Doris Day in 1949. 9 Sep 1950 Silver Dollar (Roll, Roll, Roll) Eve Young & The Homesteaders 7 Similar style to Eve's previous hit, got the musicians buying again. 28 Oct 1950 Goodnight Irene 1: Frank Sinatra 2: Jo Stafford 4 A version by the Gordon Jenkins Orch was at no 1 in the US for 13 weeks. 25 Nov 1950 Rudolph The Red-nosed Reindeer 1: Gene Autry Christmas song that has remained ever popular since. 6 Jan 1951 I Taut I Taw A Puddy Tat Mel Blanc 3 Based on a line from the Tweetie Pie cartoons. Mel was the cartoon voice. 27 Jan 1951 Beloved, Be Faithful 1: Teddy Johnson Both of these were top British balladeers of their time. 3 Feb 1951 The Petite Waltz 1: Anne Shelton At this time, the most popular dance by far was the waltz. 17 Feb 1951 The Tennessee Waltz 1: Patti Page 2: Anita O'Day 9 The US country music star (Patti Page) battled it out in the UK with a jazz music star (Anita O'Day) a country music waltz. 21 Apr 1951 Mockin' Bird Hill Les Paul & Mary Ford 10 They were of multi-track recording and amplified electric guitars. 30 Jun 1951 With These Hands Nelson Eddy & Jo Stafford 3 Hits for Shirley Bassey in 1960 and Tom Jones in 1965. 21 Jul 1951 My Resistance Is Low Hoagy Carmichael 4 Written by the singer. Hit for Robin Sarstedt in 1976. Cole's version is now best known, but it was Young's first major success. 10 Nov 1951 Longing For You Teresa Brewer 11 Melody based on the classical piece "Waltz Dream" by Oscar Straus. 12 Jan 1952 The Loveliest Night Of The Year 1: Mario Lanza Was on the chart for a record 32 weeks before making No 1. 23 Feb 1952 There's Always Room At Our House Guy Mitchell 4 First major recording for this US singing star. 22 Mar 1952 Unforgettable Nat 'King' Cole 10 All-time Nat 'King' Cole classic. 24 May 1952 A-round The Corner Jo Stafford 3 She was the most popular American female singer in the UK at this time. 14 Jun 1952 Auf Wiederseh'n Sweetheart Vera Lynn 10 Immensely popular with people who remembered the war years. 23 Aug 1952 The Homing Waltz 1: Vera Lynn Successive No 1s for Vera Lynn recordings. 25 Oct 1952 Here In My Heart Al Martino 8 Became the first No 1 on the record-sales chart. 27 Dec 1952 You Belong To Me 1: Jo Stafford It was Jo Stafford's version that topped the infant records chart. 7 Feb 1953 Don't Let The Stars Get In Your Eyes Perry Como 1 Como's version topped the record charts in UK and US. 14 Feb 1953 Broken Wings 1: Stargazers 2: Dickie Valentine 3: Art & Dottie Todd 6 These three versions were UK hits, but the Stargazers took it to No 1 in the records chart. 28 Mar 1953 (How Much Is) That Doggie In The Window 1: Patti Page Both UK record hits, but Lita Roza made it to the top. 9 May 1953 In A Golden Coach 1: Billy Cotton Band Celebrating the c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,784	How many courses are there traditionally in a Ukrainian Christmas Eve supper?	Ukrainian Christmas Eve (Sviaty Vechir) Recipes Ukrainian Christmas Eve (Sviaty Vechir) Recipes Dobryj vechir, Sviaty vechir. Dobrym liudiam na zdorovja. -- "Good evening, Holy evening. To good people for good health." Ukrainians are primarily Orthodox Christians who follow the Julian calendar. As such, they celebrate Christmas Eve and Christmas Day on Jan. 6 and 7, two weeks behind the Gregorian calendar. Ukrainian Christmas Eve is the last meatless meal of Advent as it is in Russia, Poland, and other Slavic countries. In Ukraine, this Holy Supper is known as Sviaty Vechir. While the women of the household are busy preparing the multicourse meal (sometimes as many as 12 to 13 courses, representing the apostles and Christ) that varies from family to family and region to region, the children are assigned the task of decorating the Christmas tree and searching the night sky for the first star. When the star is sighted, it is a signal that the meal can begin. Throughout the day only light snacking is allowed, so the family eagerly awaits the meal. The table is set with the best linens and china, and a sheaf of wheat tied with a ribbon (Didukh), along with a bread known as kolach. As with other Slavs, an extra place is set for departed family members and / or the Christ Child. Before one morsel is eaten, prayers are recited and either the kolach or prosfora (blessed bread) is broken and dipped in honey (and sometimes grated garlic) and shared with each member of the family, from eldest to youngest, with wishes for good health and prosperity in the coming year. This is similar to the Polish custom of breaking Communion-like wafers or oplatki . After dinner, carols are sung and poems are recited by the children. Some presents are exchanged but most are left to be opened on Christmas Day. Everyone attends a midnight church service with the smallest children taking a gift to present at the manger for the needy children of the congregation. In the old days, gifts were not given on Christmas except for candy and other sweets. St. Nicholas Day was the primary gift-giving occasion. Read more about Ukrainian Christmas here . Cooked Wheat Pudding. © Barbara Rolek licensed to About.com, Inc. • Kutya Kutya also is known as kutia, koljivo, colivă, koliva, sochivo, and more depending on which country you happen to be in. This first-course Christmas Eve pudding of sorts is typically made with wheat berries that are sweetened with honey and sometimes augmented with poppy seeds, dried fruits, and nuts. As in Russian families, the kutya is eaten from a common dish to symbolize unity and, in some families, a spoonful of kutya is thrown up to the ceiling. If it sticks, a plentiful honey harvest can be expected. continue reading below our video How to Turn Leftover Summer Produce into Jam Ukrainian Beet Borscht. © Barbara Rolek licensed to About.com, Inc. • Soup Meatless soups like dried mushroom or sauerkraut ( kapusniak ) are popular as is beet borshch on the Ukrainian Holy Supper table. Often, the soup is served with mushroom-filled vushka dumplings , which means " little ears " and are identical to Polish uszka . MIB Pictures / Getty Images • Pickled Foods Pickled whitefish or herring , their silver color and scales all portending good luck and coins, are a must for Ukrainian Christmas Eve dinner. But other pickled items like pickled mushrooms and other vegetables and salads appear in great variety. Fried Lake Perch. © Barbara Rolek licensed to About.com, Inc. • Fish Freshwater fish , usually white fish, carp, lake perch, trout or pike, is always part of the dinner. It is served whole or filleted, breaded and fried, poached, baked, stewed or glazed with aspic, depending on family preferences, and often several varieties appear on the table -- one fried and one prepared another way. Split Peas and Cabbage. © Barbara Rolek licensed to About.com, Inc. • Beans / Legumes / Vegetables Cooked beans or cabbage with dried peas are popular. This latter dish is also popular at Polish Christmas Eve suppers and is known as Kapusta z Grochem . Beans, legu	Articles about Cookbooks by Date - Page 2 - latimes ARTICLES ABOUT COOKBOOKS BY DATE - PAGE 2 NEWS Liberace: Pianist, fashion icon ... and cookbook author May 28, 2013 \| By Russ Parsons, This post has been corrected. See the note below for details. With the release of HBO's “Behind the Candelabra,” Liberace is having a belated moment, hailed as a fabulous pianist and a fashion icon. One thing that has been overlooked so far is his career as a cookbook writer. [For the Record, 3:10 p.m. May 29: An earlier version of this post and its headline referred to Liberace as a gay pioneer. In fact, he never revealed his sexual orientation.] But not by me, because digging around in mounds of old cookbooks, I found a copy of his “Liberace Cooks! Advertisement Anne Willan is added to James Beard Foundation's cookbook hall of fame May 3, 2013 \| By Russ Parsons Santa Monica author Anne Willan was inducted into the James Beard Foundation's Cookbook Hall of Fame on Friday night, highlighting the organization's annual awards ceremony . Willan, who moved to Southern California from her longtime home in France in 2007, is the author of more than two dozen cookbooks, including two that have become culinary bibles: "La Varenne Pratique" and "French Regional Cooking. " Willan's books have been published in 24 countries and translated into 18 languages. NEWS Cookbook writers and the law discussion to be held May 3 April 26, 2013 \| By Russ Parsons It seems like everybody wants to write a cookbook these days. But there's a lot more to it than just gathering a bunch of great recipes. Two of Southern California's finest writers will take you behind the scenes May 3 at Surfas Culinary District in Culver City in a combination cooking class and discussion sponsored by the Los Angeles County Bar Assn. Between them, Martha Rose Shulman and Clifford Wright have written more than 45 cookbooks. Wright's “Mediterranean Feast” was named the best book of the year by the James Beard Foundation in 2000. NEWS Gwyneth Paltrow named 'most beautiful': Cue cookbook author's haters April 25, 2013 \| By Rene Lynch Gwyneth Paltrow, you'd better enjoy it while it lasts. The Oscar-winning actress is having a moment: Her new cookbook, "It's All Good: Delicious, Easy Recipes That Will Make You Look Good and Feel Great" is a top seller. She's starring in "Iron Man 3", which is due out May 3 and all but guaranteed to top the box office. And she's been named People magazine's most beautiful woman in the world. Which means the haters will be coming out of the woodwork in 3, 2 ... To be sure, this attitude is to be taken with a grain of salt. NEWS Ottolenghi and Tamimi's 'Jerusalem' named best cookbook by IACP April 10, 2013 \| By Russ Parsons Yotam Ottolenghi and Sami Tamimi's “Jerusalem: A Cookbook” was named the best cookbook of the year by the International Assn. of Culinary Professionals on Tuesday night in San Francisco. The book focuses on the shared flavors and foods enjoyed by Ottolenghi, an Israeli, Tamimi, a Palestinian. The pair are business partners in several highly praised London restaurants. The IACP Cookbook Awards , along with those that will be given by the James Beard Foundation on May 3, are the most important honors given for cookbooks. NEWS 5 Questions for the Buffalo Club's Patrick Healy April 1, 2013 \| By Betty Hallock Patrick Healy is executive chef and managing partner of the Buffalo Club in Santa Monica. After training under chefs such as Alain Ducasse, Jean and Pierre Troisgros, Michel Guerard and Roger Verge in France for several years, Healy worked in Los Angeles restaurants Le Saint Germain and Colette. He went on to open his own acclaimed restaurant, the erstwhile Champagne. At Buffalo Club he's credited with revitalizing American cuisine by injecting modern influences, whether chicken pot pie or lobster dumplings. NEWS Two Italian cookbooks guaranteed to get you into the kitchen March 20, 2013 \| By Russ Parsons There are cookbooks that you want to cook from and there are co	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,785	What would a French musician be playing if he was using a batterie?	Music Games - In Tune with Fun - Agame.com 1 2 Soothe the Savage Beast Within Looking to soothe the savage beast within? (Or perhaps just unleash it with an epic drum solo?) Then we've got news that will be music to your ears: we've got dozens of music games online, which will let you explore making music, improving your rhythm, and/or just showing off your music knowledge in quiz games that test trivia and more. We have music games for every musical inclination, whether you want to be a drum god or a guitar hero. Drum games like Drum Session, which lets you rock out online instead of investing hundreds or thousands in a physical drum kit. (And your neighbors will thank you.) Rhythm games can even help you build new skills. Looking for something a little more...melodic? Get your pick and strum some chords in guitar games like Rockstar Dreamer and Guitar Crazy. Have your own songs you want to write? Try music-making games like Banja Band, which will let you compose your own tropical melody by directing a beachy band to make the mix you have in mind. There are also tons of DJ games, like DJ Fest Vol.1. And Karaoke Night is just what the vocal musicians out there are looking for. Or just show off your music chops with a music quiz like BluesQuiz 2. We've also got music games for kids, like Baby Hazel Music Memory, where your kids' build auditory memory skills by fixing broken instruments. Kids, teens, and adults alike: we've got some games that will sing to your soul. Ready to face the music? Welcome to Agame.com, your zone to play free online games. Stocked each day with new free games, including action games, adventure games, board & card games, multiplayer games, puzzle games, racing games, skill games, sports games, and more addicting games. Did you know that: you can rate every game you play, you can share your favorite game with your friends on Facebook,Myspace,Twitter and more, you can embed a game in your own website or blog, and lots of our games are homemade in our own gamestudio? Eager to play yet?	Puzzles - Coffeetime Triv (Sat) 1: Who played Basil Fawlty in `Fawlty Towers`? 2: Who had a hit single with `Crocodile Rock` in 1972? 3: Who is the author of the `Harry Potter` books? 4: What is the name of the clockwork device used by musicians to measure time? 5: `Question or Nominate` was a phrase commonly heard on which UK TV quiz show? 6: Which two colours are Dennis the Menace`s jumper? 7: In which film did Roy Scheider play a sheriff and Richard Dreyfus a marine biologist? 8: The name of which (non-UK) football club is an anagram of `Red Admiral`? 9: In 2004, Fathers 4 Justice campaigner Jason Hatch caused an embarrassing security breach at Buckingham Palace dressed as who? 10: The Colosseum is located in the capital city of which country? 1: Who played Basil Fawlty in `Fawlty Towers`? John Cleese 2: Who had a hit single with `Crocodile Rock` in 1972? Elton John 3: Who is the author of the `Harry Potter` books? J.K.Rowling 4: What is the name of the clockwork device used by musicians to measure time? A metronome 6: Which two colours are Dennis the Menace`s jumper? Red and black 8: The name of which (non-UK) football club is an anagram of `Red Admiral`? Real Madrid Wow! I got a footie and an anagram question. I'm going to need to lie down! 9: In 2004, Fathers 4 Justice campaigner Jason Hatch caused an embarrassing security breach at Buckingham Palace dressed as who? Batman? 10: The Colosseum is located in the capital city of which country? Italy 5: `Question or Nominate` was a phrase commonly heard on which UK TV quiz show? 15 to 1 Patience, so you did. Well done all three of you only one missing is 7: and 'Marine Biologist' (the new wannabe career for Britain's 6th-formers) might have given it to you - the fiilm was Jaws	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,786	Which stretch of water off the southern tip of South America is the point where the South Atlantic meets the South Pacific?	The World's Roughest Waters for Cruising - Cruise Critic The World's Roughest Waters for Cruising The World's Roughest Waters for Cruising Subscribe By Chris Gray Faust, Senior Editor Oh, those fickle seas! Although it's atypical to sail on a cruise ship through the roughest waters and worst weather, you might be surprised to learn that ships regularly traverse some roiling seas. Many cruise lines -- including Carnival , Royal Caribbean and Norwegian -- have multiple ships sailing to the Caribbean out of Florida and the Gulf States throughout hurricane season (though the vessels will make itinerary changes to shy away from the biggest storms). Almost all Antarctica cruises have to traverse the infamously choppy Drake Passage, and Alaska cruises must emerge from the sheltered Inside Passage into the rougher waters of the Gulf of Alaska or the Pacific to reach their homeports. Cunard also does its transatlantic cruises throughout the winter, sometimes attracting passengers who specifically want to sail on rougher seas. If you're prone to seasickness or just want to be prepared for high seas and rolling waves, we've compiled a list of some of the bodies of water known for their chop. Show Cruise Prices Show Prices Ocean Crossings Rough Waters: Oceans are nearly always choppier than seas because they're less protected from sheltering land masses. If you've booked a transatlantic cruise (especially in the cooler months) or a transpacific cruise (including those to Hawaii ), you may encounter some bumps. The North Atlantic by northern Canada has its fair share of high seas, as well. Impacted Itineraries: Transatlantic, transpacific, Hawaii, Canada and New England, world cruises Europe Rough Waters: Cruise travelers might experience rough seas in several places in Europe. The biggest offender is the Mediterranean, which tends to be roughest in the fall and winter, due to winds and storms. However, avid cruisers have experienced rough seas in the spring and summer, so be prepared for anything. The Bay of Biscay, off the west coast of France and north of Spain, and the North Sea can also be rough, but are calmer in the summertime. Impacted Itineraries: Eastern and Western Mediterranean, Western Europe, Baltic and Northern Europe Caribbean Rough Waters: When one body of water runs into another, waves tend to be higher and rougher. Although the Caribbean is generally known for smooth sailing, it can get choppy in areas where it meets up with the Atlantic Ocean. In addition, tropical depressions, storms and hurricanes that crop up during hurricane season (June 1 to November 30) can also stir up the usually calm Caribbean waters and make for a rocky trip -- even if your ship is changing course to avoid the brunt of the storm. Impacted Itineraries: Eastern, Southern and Western Caribbean Alaska Rough Waters: The majority of sailing on an Alaska cruise is done in the protected waters of the Inside Passage, but ships sailing to Seward , Whittier or Anchorage must cross the Gulf of Alaska, which is much rougher. Cruise staffers say the gulf gets especially bad after Labor Day, in the shoulder season. Impacted Itineraries: One-way Alaska sailings Other North America Sailings Rough Waters: While cruises to Bermuda and the Bahamas from the East Coast are usually smooth, squalls can arise on the Atlantic Ocean, particularly during hurricane season. The bigger your ship, the less you'll feel the waves. Because cruises that sail to Canada hug the New England shoreline, the ocean isn't as tempestuous unless there's a Nor'easter in the forecast. Impacted Itineraries: Bermuda, Bahamas, Eastern Caribbean, Canada/New England. South America Rough Waters: One of the most notorious places for rock-and-roll cruising is the Drake Passage, the body of water between Cape Horn -- the southernmost tip of South America -- and the South Shetland Islands in Antarctica. Although you can get lucky and find smooth seas, most cruise travelers experience rough waters traversing this region. Take your favorite seasickness remedies and look at it as part of the exper	Sports Guide Sports Guide A blog describing how to be a sports champion,giving your sports tips. Thursday, 8 August 2013 SURBITON TROPHY THE SURBITON TROPHY IS A TENNIS TOURNAMENT. IT IS ORGANIZED FOR MALE PROFESSIONAL PLAYERS. IT IS PLAYED ON GRASS COURTS. THE EVENT IS HELD ANNUALLY IN SURBITON, GREAT BRITAIN SINCE 1998 AND TAKES PART ON THE CHALLENGER SERIES OF THE ATP TOUR. THIS TOURNAMENT WAS FIRST ORGANIZED IN 1988. GIANLUCA POZZI WAS THE FIRST CHAMPION AND KEVIN ULLYETT WAS THE RUNNER UP. Posted by SOUTH ASIAN GAMES THE SOUTH ASIAN GAMES IS ALSO KNOWN AS SAF GAMES. EARLIER ,IT WAS KNOWN AS SOUTH ASIAN FEDERATION GAMES. IT IS A MULTI-SPORT EVENT. THE SOUTH ASIAN GAMES IS HELD IN TWO YEARS. IT IS HELD AMONG THE ATHLETES FROM SOUTH AFRICA. THE GOVERNING BODY OF THESE GAMES IS SOUTH ASIAN SPORTSCOUNCIL[SASC]. IT WAS FORMED IN 1983. AT PRESENT , SAF HAS EIGHT MEMBERS NAMELY AFGHANISTAN,BANGLADESH,BHUTAN,INDIA,MALDIVES,NEPAL,PAKISTAN ,SRI LANKA. Posted by SOUTH AMERICAN GAMES THE SOUTH AMERICAN GAMES WAS FORMERLY CALLED THE SOUTHERN CROSS GAMES.IT IS A REGIONAL MULTI-SPORT EVENT. THE COUNTRIES OF SOUTH AMERICA TAKE PART IN THIS SPORT EVENT. IT IS ORGANIZED BY THE SOUTH AMERICAN SPORTS ORGANIZATION . THE FIRST SOUTH AMERICAN GAMES WAS HELD IN 1978. IT WAS CONDUCTED IN LA PAZ,BOLVIA. SINCE THEN, IT HAS BEEN ARRANGED EVERY FOUR YEARS. THE LAST ONE WAS IN COLOMBIA IN 2010. Posted by SANTHOSH TROPHY SANTHOSH TROPHY IS AN INDIAN FOOTBALL TOURNAMENT. IT IS HELD ANNUALLY AND CONTESTED BY THE INDIAN STATES AND GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS . WEST BENGAL WERE THE FIRST WINNERS OF SANTHOSH TROPHY. TILL THE DAY, THEY HAVE WON 29 TITLES AND THUS RETAINED THE TOP POSITION AMONG THE ALL-TIME WINNERS. THE TOURNAMENT BEGAN IN 1941. IT WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT FOOTBALL COMPETITION OF INDIA FOR MANY YEARS. THE TROPHY IS NAMED AFTER THE LATE MAHARAJA SIR MANMATHA NATH ROY CHOWDHARY OF SANTHOSH,WHICH IS NOW IN BANGLADESH. Posted by RANJI TROPHY THE RANJI TROPHY IS A DOMESTIC FIRST-CLASS CRICKET CHAMPIONSHIP PLAYED IN INDIA. IT IS PLAYED BETWEEN DIFFERENT CITY AND STATE TEAMS. RANJI TROPHY IS TO ENGLAND AND PURA CUP IS TO AUSTRALIA . THE COMPETITION IS NAMED AFTER KUMAR SHRI RANJITSINHJI. HE IS ALSO KNOWN AS 'RANJI'. THE RANJI TROPHY WAS STARTED IN 1934. IT IS ORGANIZED BY THE BOARD OF CRICKET CONTROL IN INDIA. MOST OF THE TEAMS PLAYING IN THE RANJI TROPHY REPRESENTS INDIVIDUAL CITIES SUCH AS MUMBAI OR HYDERBAD. Posted by PURA CUP THE PURA CUP WAS FORMERLY KNOWN AS THE SHEFFIELD SHIELD. THE PURA CUP IS THE DOMESTIC FIRST CLASS CRICKET COMPETITION IN AUSTRALIA. SIX STATE TEAMS TAKE PART IN THIS COMPETITION . THEY PLAY 4-DAY MATCHES AGAINST EVERY OTHER TEAM BOTH AT HOME AND AWAY. TEAMS ARE AWARDED POINTS BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE MATCH. EACH TEAM PLAYS TWO MATCHES EACH AGAINST EVERY TEAM. THEN ,THE TWO HIGHEST RANKED TEAMS PLAY A 5-DAY FINAL. THE FINAL IS PLAYED AT THE HOME GROUND OF THE TEAM THAT FINISHED ON TOP OF THE TABLE AT THE END OF THE REGULAR SEASON MATCHES. Posted by	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,787	A red snapper is a type of what?	How many different types of SNAPPER are there in Florida waters?- Outdoor Adventures for Fishing, Sport fishing, Boat Charters \| iOutdoor CONTACT US How many different types of SNAPPER are there in Florida waters? How many different types of SNAPPER are there in Florida waters? How many different types of SNAPPER are there in Florida waters? Snappers, particularly the red snapper, are quite common game fishes in Florida waters. Known to thrive in estuaries up to depths of 450 meters, they feed in freshwater in search of smaller fishes and crustaceans though a few species’ main diet consists of planktons. Florida is the perfect place for snappers to thrive since they prefer warmer climates. In perfect conditions, they can grow up to one meter in length. All over the world, there are more than 100 species of snappers discovered. Some of the, can be found in the waters of Florida. Here are the top five most popular snapper species in Florida: 1. Red Snapper The Red Snapper is the most popular snapper in Florida because of its amazing size which could grow from 3 pounds to 50 pounds. Areas to find it in the state during open season include bridges and piers, and also offshore on the continental shelf particularly off the Panhandle and Northern coasts. 2. Mangrove Snapper Also known as the Gray Snapper, the Mangrove Snapper is also widespread in Florida’s saltwater. It is called as such because they congregate in small mangrove areas all around the state. Other than mangroves, juveniles can also be found inshore in inland waterways, tidal creeks and grass beds while adults typically thrive nearshore and offshore in wrecks, rock and coral reefs. Popular areas to catch it include the areas of Clearwater, St. Petersburg, Sebastian and Daytona. 3. Yellowtail Snapper Most distinguishable due to its yellow tail, the Yellowtail Snapper is smaller but just as tasty compared to its cousin, the Red Snapper. Feeding mostly on shrimps, it can be caught offshore in Florida up to depths of 300 feet. During the summer months, it is most abundant in the Florida Keys. 4. Mutton Snapper One of the largest snappers, the Mutton Snapper can be found in South Florida especially during the months from spring to fall when they spawn. It can be found in inland areas along mangroves and canals where it feeds on preys like smaller fishes and snails. It can also be sporadically caught in the Gulf coast such as the Middle Ground. 5. Cubera Snapper This fish is the largest of the snapper family, growing up to more than 110 pounds in size. Juveniles can be found conglomerating inshore in grass beds while adults thrive nearshore and offshore in rocky reefs, ledges and wrecks where they feed on fishes and crustaceans. The Cubera Snapper is mostly predominant in Florida Keys especially during late summer when they spawn. Other species of the Snapper family that can be found in Florida include the following: the Lane Snapper, Mahogany Snapper, Blackfin Snapper, Dog Snapper, Queen Snapper, Schoolmaster, Silk Snapper and Vermilion Snapper. Share this:	Thanked 0 Times in 0 Posts everyone celebrates my birthday with a bang! july 4th 1984 July 4, 2004 Wimbledon Men's Finals, Roger Federer beat Andy Roddick July 4, 2004 Wimbledon Men's Doubles Finals, Todd Woodbridge and Jonas Bjorkman beat Julian Knowles and Nenad Zimonjic July 4, 2004 Wimbledon Women's Doubles Finals, Cara Black and Rennae Stubbs beat Ai Sugiyama and Liezel Huber July 4, 2004 Wimbledon Mixed Doubles Finals, Cara Black and her brother Wayne Black beat Todd Woodbridge and Alicia Molik July 4, 2001 Vladivostokavia flight 352 crashes near Burdakovka, killing 145 July 4, 1999 Wimbledon Men's Finals, Pete Sampras beat Andre Agassi July 4, 1999 Wimbledon Women's Finals, Lindsay Davenport beat Steffi Graf July 4, 1999 Wimbledon Men's Doubles Finals, Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes beat July 4, 1999 Wimbledon Women's Doubles Finals, Lindsay Davenport and Corina Morariu beat Mariaan de Swardt and Elena Tatarkova July 4, 1999 Wimbledon Mixed Doubles Finals, Leander Paes and Lisa Raymond beat July 4, 1998 Wimbledon Women's Finals, Jana Novotna beat Nathalie Tauziat July 4, 1998 Wimbledon Men's Doubles Finals, Jacco Eltingh and Paul Haarhuis beat Todd Woodbridge and Mark Woodforde July 4, 1997 U.S. space probe Pathfinder lands on Ares Vallis Mars July 4, 1996 HotMail, a free internet E-mail service begins July 4, 1995 Birmingham Barracudas play 1st CFL game (vs Winnipeg) July 4, 1994 Russian manned space craft TM-18, lands July 4, 1994 Rwandese Patriot Front occupies Kigali July 4, 1994 U.S. loses to Brazil 1-0 in 1994 World Cup quarter finals July 4, 1993 107th Wimbledon Mens Tennis: Pete Sampras beats Courier (76 76 36 63) July 4, 1993 Brandie Burton wins LPGA Jamie Farr Toledo Golf Classic July 4, 1993 Dave Winfield hits 442nd HR to move into 19th place July 4, 1993 Pilar Fort, crowned 25th Miss Black America July 4, 1993 Pizza Hut blimp deflates and lands safely on W 56th street in New York City July 4, 1992 99th Wimbledon Womens Tennis: Steffi Graf beats Monica Seles (62 61) July 4, 1992 John Phillips, rocker (Mamas and Papas), undergoes a liver transplant July 4, 1992 U.S. actress Bobbie Eakes marries author David Stone July 4, 1990 400 New Kids on the Block fans treated for heat exhaustion in Minn July 4, 1990 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island July 4, 1990 Wrestler Brutus Beefcake injured during para-sailing July 4, 1990 2 Live Crew release "Banned in the USA" the lyrics quote Star Spangled Banner and Gettysburg Address July 4, 1989 14 year old actress Drew Barrymore, attempts suicide July 4, 1989 Unmanned Russian Mig-23 crashes in Bellegem-Kooigem, Belgium (1 dies) July 4, 1989 Red's Tom Browning is 3 outs away from his 2nd career perfect game when Phillie Dickie Thon doubles July 4, 1988 102nd Wimbledon Mens Tennis: Stefan Edberg beats Becker (46 76 64 62) July 4, 1988 KC releases pitcher Dan Quisenberry, whose 238 saves are the 4th most July 4, 1988 U.S. Navy shoots down Iranian civilian jetliner over Gulf, kills 290 July 4, 1987 94th Wimbledon Womens Tennis: M Navratilova beats Steffi Graf (75 63) July 4, 1987 Discovery moves to Launch Pad 39B for STS-26 mission July 4, 1987 Imran Khan takes 300th Test Cricket wicket, only Pakistani to do so July 4, 1987 **** Klaus Barbie, "Butcher of Lyon" sentenced to life in France July 4, 1985 Tinker Bell's nightly flight begins July 4, 1984 Funeral for S Nakagawa and burial half his ashes next to N Senzaki July 4, 1984 Kallicharran gets 206 and 6-32 in a NatWest Trophy game July 4, 1984 New York Yankee Phil Niekro is 9th to strikeout 3,000 July 4, 1984 Yuri Sedykh of U.S.S.R. throws hammer a record 86.33 m July 4, 1983 New York Yankee Dave Righetti no-hits the Red Sox July 4, 1982 10th du Maurier Golf Classic (Peter Jackson Classic): Sandra Haynie July 4, 1982 4th Space Shuttle Mission-Columbia 4 lands at Edwards AFB July 4, 1982 96th Wimbledon Mens Tennis: J Connors beats J McEnroe (36 63 67 76 64) July 4, 1982 Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado elected president of Mexico July 4, 1982 U.S.S.R. performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk U.S.S.R	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,788	What is either a Black Sabbath song or a super hero?	Black Sabbath \| WikiHero \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Sabbath's vocalist, Ozzy Osbourne , is the only person who, counting Guitar Hero World Tour has appeared nine times in the series (in third place behind Foo Fighters frontman Dave Grohl , with 13 appearances - guest drummer in Queens of the Stone Age 's " No One Knows " and regular drummer in Nirvana 's " Heart-Shaped Box ", " Breed ", "Smells Like Teen Spirit", "Lithium" and "About a Girl", and drumming for Them Crooked Vultures' "Scumbag Blues", aside from Foo Fighters' own songs " Monkey Wrench ", " All My Life ", " The Pretender ", " This is a Call ", " Everlong " and " No Way Back ", And Queens of The Stone Age frontman Josh Homme, with ten performances, which were lead guitar on "Demon Cleaner" by Kyuss, vocals and guitar on "Scumbag Blues" by Them Crooked Vultures, and the Queens of the Stone Age songs "No One Knows", "Little Sister", "Sick,Sick,Sick", "Make it wit Chu", "3's & 7's", "Mexicola", "Avon" and "How to Handle a Rope."); as the vocalist for " Iron Man ", " War Pigs " " Paranoid " and " Children of the Grave ",as a solo vocalist for " Bark at the Moon ", " I Don't Wanna Stop ", "Crazy Train" and "Mr. Crowley" and as a guest vocalist for " Paranoid (LIVE) " by Metallica. Along with Iron Maiden and Queens of the Stone Age, Black Sabbath is the one of the only bands which contributed to the series with four songs, beaten only by Foo Fighters with 5 tracks, not counting downloadable content, in which they are beaten by My Chemical Romance , Foo Fighters and Queens of the Stone Age, each with nine songs. (Queens of the Stone Age have 4 additional downloadable tracks, and Foo Fighters have three). This also does not include songs that appear in games that are centered around the band that performed them. As a result of frequent line-up changes, vocalists from two other GH bands have come up to the plate to join Black Sabbath. The most notable of these is Ronnie James Dio (who was represented by " Holy Diver " in Rocks the 80s ), who originally came from Rainbow to sing for the band to fill the empty spot Ozzy had left in 1979 (bringing about the popular albums Heaven and Hell and Mob Rules). After quitting the band in 1982 to persue a solo career, he re-joined Sabbath in 1992 for the album Dehumanizer. He is currently touring with the Heaven and Hell line-up under the name Heaven and Hell . Ian Gillan of Deep Purple fame (whose songs " Smoke on the Water " and " Hush " were featured in the first game and the Xbox 360 version of the second game, respectively) also sang for Black Sabbath for the album Born Again in 1983. Incidentally, he had joined to fill Dio's spot in the band.	1. What is the name of the hit show based on the songs of Abba? - Liverpool Echo News 1. What is the name of the hit show based on the songs of Abba? 2. Which “G” is the name of the Italian astronomer who improved the telescope so much as to discover that there were craters on the moon? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. Which “G” is the name of the Italian astronomer who improved the telescope so much as to discover that there were craters on the moon? 3. For which series of films were the actors Kenneth Williams and Sid James best known? 4. What is the name given to the largest bee in a hive? 5. Which alternative word for the Devil is a Hebrew word with translates as “Lord Of The Flies”? 6. On which TV island might you have found actor Ricardo Montalban? 7. Mozart’s opera, which was a continuation of The Barber Of Seville, was called The Marriage Of . . . who? 8. What is the nearest planet to the Sun? 9. What was the name of the road sweeper played by Roger Lloyd-Pack in Only Fools And Horses? 10. What connects the answers above? 11. What was the nickname of the first Spice Girl to go solo? 12. Which of the following events did Carl Lewis not win a gold medal for at the 1984 Olympics? Long Jump, 400m or 100m relay? 13. Which two actors were nominated for best actor awards at the Oscars in 1991, both for playing wheelchair-bound characters? 14. How is Eldrick Woods better known? 15. Who did Iain Duncan Smith beat in September, 2001, to become the leader of the Conservative Party? 16. Who was the main villain in the cartoon Wacky Races? 17. When the band Hear‘say formed, who was the oldest member at 24? 18. What is the name of the third book of the Bible? 19. What was advertised with Eva Herzagovia using the slogan “hello boys”? 20. Which model gave birth to her daughter, Lola, in September, 2002? 21. “All children, except one, grow up” is the opening line from which famous story? 22. How are Fizz, Milo, Jake and Bella better known collectively? 23. What number on the Beaufort Scale represents a hurricane? 24. In which film did Jodie Foster play a character called Tallulah? 25. What is pathophobia the fear of? 26. What was the title of the TV show Bonanza changed to? 27. What mountain range is the natural habitat of the llama? 28. What nationality was scientist Marie Curie? 29. Who played the title role in the TV series Worzel Gummidge? 30. Which toy was originally called the Pluto Platter when it was first introduced in 1957? 1. Mama Mia; 2. Galileo; 3. Carry On; 4. Queen; 5. Beelzebub; 6. Fantasy; 7. Figaro; 8. Mercury; 9. Trigger; 10. The song Bohemian Rhapsody; 11. Ginger Spice; 12. 400m; 13. Tom Cruise (for Born On The Fourth Of July) and Daniel Day-Lewis (for My Left Foot); 14. Tiger Woods; 15. Ken Clarke; 16. Dick Dastardly; 17. Kym Marsh; 18. Leviticus; 19. The Wonderbra; 20. Kate Moss; 21. Peter Pan; 22. The Tweenies; 23. 12; 24. Bugsy Malone; 25. Illness; 26. Ponderosa; 27. Andes; 28. Polish; 29. Jon Pertwee; 30. Frisbee Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,789	Who was the drummer for the band Nirvana before founding the Foo Fighters?	Foo Fighters \| Rolling Stone artists > F > Foo Fighters > Bio Foo Fighters Bio The Foo Fighters emerged from the ashes of Nirvana, but the band's true roots lay in the years of personal recordings made by leader Dave Grohl. The former Nirvana drummer had played guitar and written songs since he was a Washington, D.C., teenager, while also playing drums in several hardcore bands. At 17, Grohl became the drummer for the veteran punk act Scream. In 1990 he joined Nirvana, but continued to work on his own material during breaks from the road and studio. After finishing Nirvana's Nevermind, Grohl returned to D.C. to record several tracks, which were released on the cassette-only Pocketwatch. Plans for another cassette release were shelved with Kurt Cobain's 1994 suicide. Later that year Grohl entered a studio with friend and producer Barrett Jones to record what would become the first Foo Fighters album. Grohl played all the instruments himself (with the exception of the song "X-Static," which featured guitar by Greg Dulli of the Afghan Whigs). Though he had written and sung just one Nirvana song (the B-side "Marigold"), Grohl demonstrated a flair for pop hooks and driving guitar rock. (The name Foo Fighters came from what American World War II pilots called unidentified fireballs spotted over Germany.) Grohl signed with Capitol and formed a band in time for a 1995 tour, recruiting bassist Nate Mendel and drummer William Goldsmith from the freshly-broken-up Sunny Day Real Estate. Pat Smear, the former Germs guitarist who had joined Nirvana for its final tour, also joined. Foo Fighters (Number 23) was released in 1995 and spawned the Modern Rock hits "This Is a Call," "I'll Stick Around," and "Big Me." Goldsmith quit during the making of The Colour and the Shape (Number Ten, 1997), the first Foo Fighters album recorded as a band, and was replaced by Taylor Hawkins (Alanis Morissette). The album contained the Modern Rock hits "Monkey Wrench," "My Hero," and "Everlong." Smear quit and was briefly replaced by Franz Stahl (Scream) and then Chris Shiflett (No Use for a Name, Me First and the Gimme Gimmes), solidifying the lineup to date. Grohl relocated to Virginia and recorded There Is Nothing Left to Lose (Number 10, 1999) in his basement; the album included "Learn to Fly" (Number 13, 2000). In 2001 the group began recording its fourth album in Los Angeles, but stopped before finishing. Grohl took a break from band-leading by getting behind the drums again for Queens of the Stone Age's 2002 album Songs for the Deaf. Refreshed, Grohl gathered the Foos back together and re-recorded almost the entire album at his Virginia home studio, released as One by One (Number Three, 2002). The album further consolidated the band's place as the well-loved elder statesmen of alt-rock. In 2004, Grohl released Probot, the self-titled side project featuring a number of vocalists from heavy metal legends, among them Lemmy Kilmister (Mot örhead), Snake (Voivod), King Diamond, and Max Cavalera (Sepultura, Soulfly). Later the same year, the Foos publicly backed John Kerry's presidential campaign, an endeavor Grohl said inspired the title of In Your Honor (Number Two, 2005), a double-CD featuring an acoustic disc and an electric disc. It featured the hit "Best of You" (Number 18, 2005), later covered, to Grohl's great delight and surprise, by Prince during his bravura halftime appearance at the 2007 Super Bowl. (Foo Fighters had covered Prince's "Darling Nikki" on the B-side of the 2003 single "Have It All" and performed it live and on the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards with guest star Cee-Lo.) After a stopgap live disc, Skin and Bones (Number 21, 2006), Foo Fighters worked together again with Gil Norton, who'd produced The Colour and the Shape, and recorded the well-received Echoes, Silence, Patience & Grace (Number Three, 2007). The group scored both Best Rock Album and Best Hard Rock Performance at the following years' Grammy Awards, and performed "Young Man Blues" and "Bargain" (with Gaz Coombes of Supergrass) at VH1's Rock Honors	Best Seattle Bands - Top Ten List - TheTopTens® Best Seattle Bands Drummerlevi12 Seattle, the city of grunge, best bands who grow up in this wonderful city. The Top Ten 1 Nirvana Nirvana was an American grunge band that was formed in Aberdeen, Washington in 1987. Nirvana disbanded after Kurt Cobain committed suicide in 1994. The drummer of the band, David Grohl, went on to start the Foo-Fighters, an alternative rock band. ... read more . Slater-Kinney shouldn't be on this list, they're from the olympia area. I mean, come on, their name is a street in Lacey. Technically Nirvana is from Gray County but they were in Seattle when releasing their first album, rising to fam, and seattle influenced their sound a lot. And Heart should be above Alice In Chains, Foo Fighters, and maybe Soundgarden. This list should be based off who captures the essence of Seattle, and foo fighters (although a great band) didn't do that. 2 Pearl Jam Pearl Jam is a Grunge Rock Band formed in Seattle, Washington in 1990. The band had comprised of Eddie Vedder, Mike McCready, Stone Gossard and Jeff Ament. ... read more . Pearl Jam changed my life the first time I heard them. No offense to Nirvana (R.I.P. Kurt) but this grunge band has more to offer. 3 Alice In Chains Alice in Chains is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1987 by guitarist and songwriter Jerry Cantrell and original lead vocalist Layne Staley. Best rock band of 90's and early 2000's. Pure rock and roll! Not a grunge band. Layne Staley and Jerry Cantrell have one of the most unique vocal sounds ever. And Jerry is a badass guitar player. One of the best ever in my opinion 4 Jimi Hendrix Jimi Hendrix (born November 27, 1942 - September 18, 1970) was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter . Although his mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music, and one of the most celebrated ... read more . 5 Soundgarden Soundgarden is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1984 by singer and rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell, lead guitarist Kim Thayil, and bassist Hiro Yamamoto. 6 Foo Fighters Foo Fighters is an American rock band, formed in Seattle in 1994. It was founded by Nirvana drummer Dave Grohl after the death of Kurt Cobain and the dissolution of his previous band. The band consists of obviously Dave Grohl (lead vocalist, songwriter), Pat Smear (lead guitarist, pianist), Nate Mendel ... read more . 7 Heart Heart is an American rock band that first found success in Canada and later in the United States and worldwide. 8 Sleater-Kinney 9 Screaming Trees Screaming Trees was an American rock band formed in Ellensburg, Washington in 1985 by vocalist Mark Lanegan, guitarist Gary Lee Conner, bass player Van Conner and drummer Mark Pickerel. 10 Modest Mouse	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,790	Beachy Head overlooks what stretch of sea?	Charlotte Smith – Beachy Head \| Genius 37 And just emerging from the arch immense 38 Where seem to part the elements, a fleet 39 Of fishing vessels stretch their lesser sails; 40 While more remote, and like a dubious spot 41 Just hanging in the horizon, laden deep, 42 The ship of commerce richly freighted, makes 43 Her slower progress, on her distant voyage, 44 Bound to the orient climates, where the sun 45 Matures the spice within its odorous shell, 46 And, rivalling the gray worm's filmy toil, 47 Bursts from its pod the vegetable down; 48 Which in long turban'd wreaths, from torrid heat 49 Defends the brows of Asia's countless casts. 50 There the Earth hides within her glowing breast 51 The beamy adamant, and the round pearl 52 Enchased in rugged covering; which the slave, 53 With perilous and breathless toil, tears off 54 From the rough sea-rock, deep beneath the waves. 55 These are the toys of Nature; and her sport 56 Of little estimate in Reason's eye: 57 And they who reason, with abhorrence see 58 Man, for such gaudes and baubles, violate 59 The sacred freedom of his fellow man 60 Erroneous estimate! As Heaven's pure air, 61 Fresh as it blows on this aërial height, 62 Or sound of seas upon the stony strand, 63 Or inland, the gay harmony of birds, 64 And winds that wander in the leafy woods; 65 Are to the unadulterate taste more worth 66 Than the elaborate harmony, brought out 67 From fretted stop, or modulated airs 68 Of vocal science.—So the brightest gems, 69 Glancing resplendent on the regal crown, 70 Or trembling in the high born beauty's ear, 71 Are poor and paltry, to the lovely light 72 Of the fair star, that as the day declines, 73 Attendant on her queen, the crescent moon, 74 Bathes her bright tresses in the eastern wave. 75 For now the sun is verging to the sea, 76 And as he westward sinks, the floating clouds 77 Suspended, move upon the evening gale, 78 And gathering round his orb, as if to shade 79 The insufferable brightness, they resign 80 Their gauzy whiteness; and more warm'd, assume 81 All hues of purple. There, transparent gold 82 Mingles with ruby tints, and sapphire gleams, 83 And colours, such as Nature through her works 84 Shews only in the ethereal canopy. 85 Thither aspiring Fancy fondly soars, 86 Wandering sublime thro' visionary vales, 87 Where bright pavilions rise, and trophies, fann'd 88 By airs celestial; and adorn'd with wreaths 89 Of flowers that bloom amid elysian bowers. 90 Now bright, and brighter still the colours glow, 91 Till half the lustrous orb within the flood 92 Seems to retire: the flood reflecting still 93 Its splendor, and in mimic glory drest; 94 Till the last ray shot upward, fires the clouds 95 With blazing crimson; then in paler light, 96 Long lines of tenderer radiance, lingering yield 97 To partial darkness; and on the opposing side 98 The early moon distinctly rising, throws 99 Her pearly brilliance on the trembling tide. 100 The fishermen, who at set seasons pass 101 Many a league off at sea their toiling night, 102 Now hail their comrades, from their daily task 103 Returning; and make ready for their own, 104 With the night tide commencing:—The night tide 105 Bears a dark vessel on, whose hull and sails 106 Mark her a coaster from the north. Her keel 107 Now ploughs the sand; and sidelong now she leans, 108 While with loud clamours her athletic crew 109 Unload her; and resounds the busy hum 110 Along the wave-worn rocks. Yet more remote, 111 Where the rough cliff hangs beetling o'er its base, 112 All breathes repose; the water's rippling sound 113 Scarce heard; but now and then the sea-snipe's cry 114 Just tells that something living is abroad; 115 And sometimes crossing on the moonbright line, 116 Glimmers the skiff, faintly discern'd awhile, 117 Then lost in shadow. 117 Contemplation here, 118 High on her throne of rock, aloof may sit, 119 And bid recor	James Cook and his voyages \| National Library of Australia National Library of Australia James Cook and his Voyages James Cook and his voyages The son of a farm labourer, James Cook (1728–1779) was born at Marton in Yorkshire. In 1747 he was apprenticed to James Walker, a shipowner and master mariner of Whitby, and for several years sailed in colliers in the North Sea, English Channel, Irish Sea and Baltic Sea. In 1755 he volunteered for service in the Royal Navy and was appointed an able seaman on HMS Eagle. Within two years he was promoted to the rank of master and in 1758 he sailed to North America on HMS Pembroke. His surveys of the St Lawrence River, in the weeks before the capture of Quebec, established his reputation as an outstanding surveyor. In 1763 the Admiralty gave him the task of surveying the coast of Newfoundland and southern Labrador. He spent four years on HMS Grenville, recording harbours and headlands, shoals and rocks, and also observed an eclipse of the sun in 1766. First voyage In May 1768 Cook was promoted to the rank of lieutenant and given command of the bark Endeavour. He was instructed to sail to Tahiti to observe the transit of Venus in 1769 and also to ascertain whether a continent existed in the southern latitudes of the Pacific Ocean. The expedition, which included a party of scientists and artists led by Joseph Banks, left Plymouth in August 1768 and sailed to Brazil and around Cape Horn, reaching Tahiti in April 1769. After the astronomical observations were completed, Cook sailed south to 40°S, but failed to find any land. He then headed for New Zealand, which he circumnavigated, establishing that there were two principal islands. From New Zealand he sailed to New Holland, which he first sighted in April 1770. He charted the eastern coast, naming prominent landmarks and collecting many botanical specimens at Botany Bay. The expedition nearly ended in disaster when the Endeavour struck the Great Barrier Reef, but it was eventually dislodged and was careened and repaired at Endeavour River. From there it sailed around Cape York through Torres Strait to Batavia, in the Dutch East Indies. In Batavia and on the last leg of the voyage one-third of the crew died of malaria and dysentery. Cook and the other survivors finally reached England in July 1771. Second voyage In 1772 Cook, who had been promoted to the rank of captain, led a new expedition to settle once and for all the speculative existence of the Great Southern Continent by ‘prosecuting your discoveries as near to the South Pole as possible’. The sloops Resolution and Adventure, the latter commanded by Tobias Furneaux, left Sheerness in June 1772 and sailed to Cape Town. The ships became separated in the southern Indian Ocean and the Adventure sailed along the southern and eastern coasts of Van Diemen’s Land before reuniting with the Resolution at Queen Charlotte Sound in New Zealand. The ships explored the Society and Friendly Islands before they again became separated in October 1773. The Adventure sailed to New Zealand, where 10 of the crew were killed by Maori, and returned to England in June 1774. The Resolution sailed south from New Zealand, crossing the Antarctic Circle and reaching 71°10’S, further south than any ship had been before. It then traversed the southern Pacific Ocean, visiting Easter Island, Tahiti, the Friendly Islands, New Hebrides, New Caledonia, Norfolk Island and New Zealand. In November 1774 Cook began the homeward voyage, sailing to Chile, Patagonia, Terra del Fuego, South Georgia and Cape Town. The expedition reached England in July 1775. Third voyage A year later Cook left Plymouth on an expedition to search for the North West Passage. His two ships were HMS Resolution and Discovery, the latter commanded by Charles Clerke. They sailed to Cape Town, Kerguelen Island in the southern Indian Ocean, Adventure Bay in Van Diemen’s Land, and Queen Charlotte Sound in New Zealand. They then revisited the Friendly and Society Islands. Sailing northwards, Cook discovered the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) and reached the N	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,791	What object officially joined our solar system on 1st May 1930?	Pluto and the Solar System \| IAU Pluto and the Solar System Pluto and the Developing Landscape of Our Solar System The discovery of Pluto Nearly eighty years ago an astronomer working at the Lowell Observatory in the United States made a discovery that would ultimately initiate a dramatic change in the way we look at our Solar System. The young astronomer was Clyde Tombaugh, an observing assistant working at the observatory made famous by the great astronomer Percival Lowell. Tombaugh was continuing the search for an elusive planet – planet X – that Lowell had believed (incorrectly) to be responsible for perturbing the orbits of Uranus and Neptune. Within a year, after spending numerous nights at the telescope exposing photographic plates and months tediously scanning them for signs of a planet, Tombaugh saw what he was looking for. At around 4pm on the afternoon of 18 February 1930 Tombaugh began comparing two plates taken in January that year showing a region in the constellation of Gemini. As he flicked from one plate to the other, trying to see if something moved slightly between the two (the tell-tale sign of the planet he was hunting), he spotted something. In one part of the frame a small object flitted a few millimetres as he switched between the two plates. Tombaugh had found his new planet! (Stern & Mitton, 2005) The changing landscape of the Solar System The object Tombaugh had discovered was named Pluto, a name officially adopted by the American Astronomical Society, the Royal Astronomical Society in the UK and the IAU. It is a frigid world, billions of kilometres from Earth, and 30 times less massive than the then-smallest known planet, Mercury. But Pluto was not alone. It was found to have five satellites. The largest, Charon, was discovered in 1978. The smaller four were discovered using the Hubble Space Telescope in 2005, 2011 and 2012 and officially named Nix, Hydra, in early 2006 ( read more ) , Kerberos and Styx in 2013 ( read more ) by the IAU. The view of our Solar System's landscape began to change on August 30, 1992 with the discovery by David Jewitt and Jane Luu from the University of Hawaii of the first of more than 1000 now known objects orbiting beyond Neptune in what is often referred to as the transneptunian region. More generally these bodies are often simply labelled as Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs). With so many Trans-Neptunian Objects being found, it seemed inevitable that one or more might be found to rival Pluto in size. On the night of the 21 October 2003, Mike Brown from Caltech, Chad Trujillo from the Gemini Observatory and David Rabinowitz from Yale University were using a telescope and camera at the Palomar Observatory in the US to search the edge of the Solar System. That night they imaged a region of sky showing an object moving relative to the background stars. Later analysis showed that they had discovered another cold world, around 2500 km across, orbiting the Sun. Subsequent observations showed that the new object, initially named 2003 UB313 according to the International Astronomical Union's protocol on the initial designation of such objects, was more massive than Pluto and that it too had a satellite ( read more ). With an object larger and more massive than Pluto now beyond Neptune and ever more of these Trans-Neptunian Objects being discovered, astronomers were beginning to ask: "Just what constitutes a planet?" A new class of objects and how to define a planet The IAU has been responsible for the naming and nomenclature of planetary bodies and their satellites since the early 1900s. As Professor Ron Ekers, past president of the IAU, explains: Such decisions and recommendations are not enforceable by any national or international law; rather they establish conventions that are meant to help our understanding of astronomical objects and processes. Hence, IAU recommendations should rest on well-established scientific facts and have a broad consensus in the community concerned .( read the full article on page 4 of the IAU GA Newspaper ) The IAU decided to create a commit	BBC Solar System – The Sun contains 99% of the Solar System's mass Listen now 45 min Melvyn Bragg examines our knowledge of the planets in both our and other solar systems. Melvyn Bragg discusses our knowledge of the planets in both our and other solar systems. What causes them to form and what is the likelihood of there being another with properties similar to Earth’s? About Sun The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. Its diameter is about 109 times that of Earth, and its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, accounting for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. About three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium (~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron. The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star (G2V) based on its spectral class, and is informally referred to as a yellow dwarf. It formed approximately 4.6 billion[a] years ago from the gravitational collapse of matter within a region of a large molecular cloud. Most of this matter gathered in the center, whereas the rest flattened into an orbiting disk that became the Solar System. The central mass became so hot and dense that it eventually initiated nuclear fusion in its core. It is thought that almost all stars form by this process. The Sun is roughly middle-aged: it has not changed dramatically for more than four billion[a] years, and will remain fairly stable for more than another five billion years. After hydrogen fusion in its core has stopped, the Sun will undergo severe changes and become a red giant. It is calculated that the Sun will become sufficiently large to engulf the current orbits of Mercury, Venus, and possibly Earth. The enormous effect of the Sun on Earth has been recognized since prehistoric times, and the Sun has been regarded by some cultures as a deity. The synodic rotation of Earth and its orbit around the Sun are the basis of the solar calendar, which is the predominant calendar in use today.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,792	Nastro Azzurro is the flagship brand of which Italian brewer?	Peroni Italy View article Peroni Nastro Azzurro believes in the spirit of collaboration and has worked on long-term projects with a handful of inspiring brand ambassadors. Bringing Peroni Nastro Azzurro’s unique Italian Style proposition to life, brand ambassador projects have crossed the spheres of fashion with Antonio Berardi, design with Alessi, and food with Giorgio Locatelli. Peroni Nastro Azzurro also works with inspiring partners on various collaborations in creative fields and has recently worked with: Eataly, Vogue Italia, The Serpentine, Prada - Luna Rossa and America’s cup.	General Knowledge Quiz - By Zarbo84 The fictional character John Clayton is better known by what name? La Paz is the administrative capital of which South American country? Actor Charles Buchinsky was better known by what name? The medical condition ‘aphonia’ is the inability to do what? In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was the king of which Island? Who played the title role in the 1953 film ‘The Glenn Miller Story’? A third wedding anniversary is traditionally represented by which material? In the Bible, what sign did God give Noah that the earth would not be flooded again? In August 2011 NASA announced that photographic evidence had been captured of possible liquid water of which planet in our solar system? The restored tomb of which dramatist was unveiled in Paris in November 2011, after being ruined by lipstick smears left by thousands of kisses? What was the name of the hurricane which hit the East Coast of America in August 2011? On 11th March 2011 a 9.1 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the east of which country? Convict George Joseph Smith was known as the ‘Brides in the ‘what’ murderer’? In the human body, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis is commonly known by what name? A peregrine is what type of bird? What is the name of the highly toxic protein obtained from the pressed seeds of the castor oil plant? Which British pop musician/actor was actress Sadie Frost’s first husband? British singer Gaynor Hopkins is better known by what name? Who played Ron Kovic in the 1989 film ‘Born on the Fourth of July’? Ben Gurion International Airport is in which country? Which basketball star is kidnapped by cartoon characters in the 1996 film ‘Space Jam’? In the tv series The A Team, what does B.A. stand for in the name B.A. Baracus? In medicine, metritis is the inflammation of which part of the body? In which year was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in the USA? In the human body, where is the atrium? The OK Corral is in which US town? In Greek mythology, Amphitrite, queen of the sea, was the wife of which god? Which British boxer bought one of the original ‘Only Fools and Horses’ Reliant Robins in 2004? Actor Roy Harold Scherer was better known by what name? Anna Gordy was the first wife of which late soul singer? Who played Heinrich Himmler in the 1976 film ‘The Eagle Has Landed’? Which is the fastest rotating planet in our solar system? Which country was invaded by Iraq in 1990? Cobalt, Cyan and Cerulean are shades of which colour? In 1936, Joseph Bowers was the first inmate to attempt an escape from which prison? In the 18th Century, the British Royal Navy ordered limes and lemons to be carried on board ships as a remedy for which disease? In which US state were the 1692 Witch Trials held? Question Who was the father of English monarch Edward VI? Vermicide is a substance used for killing which creatures? Miss Gatsby and Miss Tibbs were two elderly residents in which UK tv sitcom? Who was US actor Mickey Rooney’s first wife? The resort town of Sliema is on which Mediterranean island? In the Bible, what is the Decalogue more commonly known as? In Greek mythology, Hypnos was the god of what? Which real-life couple starred in the 1994 remake of the film ‘The Getaway’? American 1940′s murder victim Elizabeth Short was known by what posthumous nickname? British monarch Henry VIII married which of his wives in 1540? In February 1983 which US writer choked to death on the cap from a bottle of eye drops? Which US gangster was released from Alcatraz prison in November 1939? Who built the Roman wall which divided England and Scotland? In the human body, the hallux is more commonly known by what name? The liqueur Maraschino is flavoured with which fruit? Which famous US outlaw shot the cashier of a savings bank in Gallatin Missouri in 1869? Kathmandu is the capital of which country? TAP is the chief airline of which European country? In November 2002, which member of the British royal family was convicted and fined for violating the Dangerous Dogs Act? Tommy Lee plays which instrument in the band Motley Crue? The Wang River i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,793	What was the name of Scott's ship on his 1911 expedition to the South Pole?	Wreck of Captain Scott's ship discovered off Greenland - Telegraph Robert Falcon Scott Wreck of Captain Scott's ship discovered off Greenland The SS Terra Nova, which took Captain Scott on his ill-fated mission to the Antarctic, has been found by researchers 70 years after it was sunk. Scott's ship the SS Terra Nova Photo: THE PONTING COLLECTION Image 1 of 3 Standing, left to right: Captain Lawrence Oates, Captain Robert Falcon Scott, Petty Officer Edgar Evans; seated, left to right, Lieutenant Henry Bowers and Edward Wilson, at the South Pole Image 1 of 3 The ship has laid on the sea bed under icy waters for 70 years Photo: Schmidt Ocean Institute 4:52PM BST 15 Aug 2012 The ship that took Captain Robert Falcon Scott on his ill-fated mission to the Antarctic 100 years ago has been discovered off the coast of Greenland. The SS Terra Nova, built in Dundee in 1884, was found by a research company, Schmidt Ocean Institute, when they were testing new equipment on one of their vessels. The discovery has amazed experts as the ship had lain on the sea bed under icy waters for 70 years. Captain Scott and his team sailed it from Cardiff to the Antarctic in their quest to be the first people to reach the South Pole a century ago. They disembarked in November 1911 for the 167-mile trek to the Pole and arrived in January 1912, only to find a Norwegian party led by Roald Amundsen had beaten them to it. Scott’s whole team died on the return trek. Related Articles The horrors of Scott expedition to South Pole 19 Jul 2012 The Terra Nova was afterwards bought by the Bowring Brothers and in 1913 it returned to the Antarctic to work in the Newfoundland seal fishery. During the First World War it was used for coastal trading voyages and in 1942 was chartered by Newfoundland Base Contractors to carry supplies to base stations in Greenland. But on September 13, 1943, the vessel was damaged by ice. The US Coastguard rescued all 24 crew and then fired bullets into the ship’s side, sinking it just off the south-western tip of Greenland. It remained there until the team from the institute began an exploration exercise in the north Atlantic. While testing echo sounders from the institute's flagship vessel R/V Falkor, they discovered the wreck of the Terra Nova last month. The wooden-hulled barque with one funnel and three masts was known to be in the general area but the exact location was unknown. While inspecting an area of the sea bed, survey expert Jonathan Beaudoin, from the University of New Hampshire, noticed an unidentifiable feature. He and a colleague, Leighton Rolley, compared it with other shapes on the sea bed and decided to carry out further investigation. Using sophisticated technology, the boat-shaped object was measured and its 57m length matched the dimensions of the Terra Nova. After analysing data from acoustic tests, the team sent down a camera for a closer look and the pictures showed a wooden wreck lying on the sea bed. The camera footage also identified the funnel of the vessel next to the wreck. The team compared the image of the funnel with historic photographs of the SS Terra Nova and their observations confirmed the identity of the ship. Mr Rolley, a marine technician said: “The discovery of the lost SS Terra Nova, one of the most famous polar exploration vessels, was an exciting achievement.” Brian Kelly, the education officer at the Discovery Point heritage museum in Dundee, said he was "amazed" by the discovery. "It is remarkable that the Terra Nova has been found now, 100 years on from the race to the pole, the death of Scott and four of his crew, and in the year of various events to commemorate that occasion,” he said. "She was severely damaged when she was sunk by the US Coastguard and the front of her hull is peeled back, suggesting that the structure may not be able to take any movement. "She is also in very deep water, I think over 1,000ft.” Because of the depth the ship was found at, its condition, and the cost of any salvage operation, it was unlikely the wreck would be recovered, he said.	BBC - History - Ernest Shackleton z Ernest Shackleton © Shackleton was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer, best known for leading the 'Endurance' expedition of 1914-16. Ernest Henry Shackleton was born on 15 February 1874 in County Kildare, Ireland. His father was a doctor. The family moved to London where Shackleton was educated. Rejecting his father's wish that he become a doctor, he joined the merchant navy when he was 16 and qualified as a master mariner in 1898. He travelled widely but was keen to explore the poles. In 1901, Shackleton was chosen to go on the Antarctic expedition led by British naval officer Robert Falcon Scott on the ship 'Discovery'. With Scott and one other, Shackleton trekked towards the South Pole in extremely difficult conditions, getting closer to the Pole than anyone had come before. Shackleton became seriously ill and had to return home but had gained valuable experience. Back in Britain, Shackleton spent some time as a journalist and was then elected secretary of the Scottish Royal Geographical Society. In 1906, he unsuccessfully stood for parliament in Dundee. In 1908, he returned to the Antarctic as the leader of his own expedition, on the ship 'Nimrod'. During the expedition, his team climbed Mount Erebus, made many important scientific discoveries and set a record by coming even closer to the South Pole than before. He was knighted on his return to Britain. In 1911, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen reached the South Pole, followed by Scott who died on the return journey. In 1914, Shackleton made his third trip to the Antarctic with the ship 'Endurance', planning to cross Antarctica via the South Pole. Early in 1915, 'Endurance' became trapped in the ice, and ten months later sank. Shackleton's crew had already abandoned the ship to live on the floating ice. In April 1916, they set off in three small boats, eventually reaching Elephant Island. Taking five crew members, Shackleton went to find help. In a small boat, the six men spent 16 days crossing 1,300 km of ocean to reach South Georgia and then trekked across the island to a whaling station. The remaining men from the 'Endurance' were rescued in August 1916. Not one member of the expedition died. 'South', Shackleton's account of the 'Endurance' expedition, was published in 1919. Shackleton's fourth expedition aimed to circumnavigate the Antarctic continent but on 5 January 1922, Shackleton died of a heart attack off South Georgia. He was buried on the island.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,794	CITES is an international agreement on which environmental problem?	Verification of International Environmental Agreements - J.H. Ausubel and D.G. Victor Verification of International Environmental Agreements Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139 KEY WORDS: monitoring, compliance, regime Abbreviations used: BWU, blue whale unit; CEMS, continuous emissions monitoring systems; CFCs, chlorofluorocarbons; CFE, Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe; CITES, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species; CTB, comprehensive test ban; EC, European Community; ECE, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe; EEZ, Exclusive Economic Zone; EMEP, Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-Range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe; GAO, General Accounting Office (U.S. Congress); IAEA, International Atomic Energy Agency; ICES, International Council for the, Exploration of the Seas; IMCO, Inter-governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO after 1981); IMO, International Maritime Organization (IMCO before 1981); INF, Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty; IOS, International Observer System; IUCN, International Union for the Conservation of Nature (recently renamed to World Conservation Union); IWC, International Whaling Commission; LRTAP, Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution; LTB (T), Limited Test Ban (Treaty); MARPOL, Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships; MSY, maximum sustainable yield; NAAQS, National Ambient Air Quality Standards (U.S.); NGOs, nongovernmental organizations; NEAFC, Northeast Atlantic Fisheries Commission; NPT, Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty; NTM, national technical means; OECD, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (U.S.); OSL, on-site inspection; OSIA, On-site Inspection Agency (U.S.); SALT, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks; TAC, total allowable catch; UNEP, United Nations Environment Programme. INTRODUCTION Problems and opportunities frequently cross national borders. Informal and formal international arrangements-loosely termed "regimes," defined here as systems of rule or government that have widespread influence--are for the collective management of such transboundary issues. Regimes are pervasive; their number and extent have grown markedly in the 20th century, especially since the Second World War. Students of the international system study the conditions under which regimes are formed and the factors that contribute to their success. These include distribution of power among states, the nature of the issue, its linkages to other issues, the roles and functions of international organizations, the processes of bargaining and rule-maldng, and the influence of domestic politics (1-3). Scholars also theorize how regimes are maintained and changed (4-6). In the past two decades students of international cooperation have increasingly applied their tools to issues of the environment and natural resources (7-9). A few studies have critically assessed international cooperation for transboundary environmental protection and drawn tentative conclusions on factors that lead to effective international regimes (8, 10-12). Studies of local management of common natural resources also yield relevant lessons for international environmental cooperation (13). For several reasons, assessing the effectiveness of international environmental agreements requires study of how compliance is verified. International agreements that are verifiable are more likely to succeed in both negotiation and implementation. The process of verification builds confidence in existing formal and informal agreements, thus improving the prospects for future cooperation and compliance. Verification activities produce information that can provide the technical basis for future agreements and shared understanding. Such information also can provide the basis for sanctions, which depend upon timely, legitimate, and accurate information. Information from verification activities helps to assess how effectively a regime has met its goals and whethe	Puzzles - Coffeetime Triv (Sat) 1: Who played Basil Fawlty in `Fawlty Towers`? 2: Who had a hit single with `Crocodile Rock` in 1972? 3: Who is the author of the `Harry Potter` books? 4: What is the name of the clockwork device used by musicians to measure time? 5: `Question or Nominate` was a phrase commonly heard on which UK TV quiz show? 6: Which two colours are Dennis the Menace`s jumper? 7: In which film did Roy Scheider play a sheriff and Richard Dreyfus a marine biologist? 8: The name of which (non-UK) football club is an anagram of `Red Admiral`? 9: In 2004, Fathers 4 Justice campaigner Jason Hatch caused an embarrassing security breach at Buckingham Palace dressed as who? 10: The Colosseum is located in the capital city of which country? 1: Who played Basil Fawlty in `Fawlty Towers`? John Cleese 2: Who had a hit single with `Crocodile Rock` in 1972? Elton John 3: Who is the author of the `Harry Potter` books? J.K.Rowling 4: What is the name of the clockwork device used by musicians to measure time? A metronome 6: Which two colours are Dennis the Menace`s jumper? Red and black 8: The name of which (non-UK) football club is an anagram of `Red Admiral`? Real Madrid Wow! I got a footie and an anagram question. I'm going to need to lie down! 9: In 2004, Fathers 4 Justice campaigner Jason Hatch caused an embarrassing security breach at Buckingham Palace dressed as who? Batman? 10: The Colosseum is located in the capital city of which country? Italy 5: `Question or Nominate` was a phrase commonly heard on which UK TV quiz show? 15 to 1 Patience, so you did. Well done all three of you only one missing is 7: and 'Marine Biologist' (the new wannabe career for Britain's 6th-formers) might have given it to you - the fiilm was Jaws	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,795	Who wrote the 1513 guide to leadership (titled in English) The Prince?	Machiavelli’s The Prince: Still Relevant after All These Years \| BU Today \| Boston University Machiavelli’s The Prince: Still Relevant after All These Years Historians consider book’s five-century legacy tonight 02.06.2013 By John O’Rourke share it! 10 Niccoló Machiavelli wrote The Prince in 1513, but it wasn’t published until 1532, five years after his death. This portrait of the author, by Santi di Tito, hangs in the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, Italy. In a recent interview with the New York Times , Pulitzer Prize–winning author Jared Diamond was asked which book he would require President Obama to read if he could. His answer? Niccoló Machiavelli’s The Prince, written 500 years ago. His explanation was that while Machiavelli “is frequently dismissed today as an amoral cynic who supposedly considered the end to justify the means,” he is, in fact, “a crystal-clear realist who understands the limits and uses of power.” Diamond, whose books include Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies, said that what continues to make The Prince compelling reading for today’s political leaders is Machiavelli’s insistence “that we are not helpless at the hands of bad luck.” The slender political treatise is one of the most influential and controversial books published in Western literature. Critics have long debated whether The Prince, which famously argues that the ends—no matter how immoral—justify the means for preserving political authority, was written as a satire, or as British philosopher and Nobel laureate Bertrand Russell once said, as “a handbook for gangsters.” While Machiavelli’s intent is unknown, this much is indisputable: the book continues to be a searing meditation on the means some people use to get and maintain power. Among the precepts espoused by Machiavelli: leaders should always mask their true intentions, avoid inconsistency, and frequently “act against mercy, against faith, against humanity, against frankness, against religion, in order to preserve the state.” His name has become synonymous with cunning tyrants. To celebrate the book’s 500th anniversary (it was written in 1513, but not published until 1532, five years after the author’s death), the College of Arts & Sciences history department is hosting a special event, Machiavelli’s The Prince after 500 Years , at 7 p.m. tonight in the Photonics Center. It is free and open to the public. Photo by Kalman Zabarsky The panelists are Canadian scholar and politician Michael Ignatieff, who as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada was leader of the opposition from 2008 to 2011 and now teaches at Harvard and the University of Toronto; Edward Muir, a Northwestern University history professor, who has written widely about the Renaissance; and James Johnson (right), a CAS associate professor of history and author of two prize-winning books, Listening in Paris: A Cultural History and Venice Incognito: Masks in the Serene Republic . BU Today spoke with Johnson, recipient of a 1996 Metcalf Award for Excellence in Teaching and former CAS assistant dean and director of the Core Curriculum, about why Machiavelli’s masterwork continues to resonate. BU Today: What was Machiavelli’s intent in writing The Prince? Johnson: That is one of the great unknowable questions. Some say he wanted to empower tyrants; others say he listed their crimes the better to expose them. Readers across the ages have found support for all kinds of causes: monarchists, defenders of republics, cynics, idealists, religious zealots, religious skeptics. Whatever its intent, one thing is clear. The book follows its declared purpose fearlessly and without hesitation: to show rulers how to survive in the world as it is and not as it should be. Was he arguing that the ends justify the means, or is that assessment too simple? Machiavelli is famous, or infamous, for shifting the sense of “virtue” from moral worth to effectiveness. The virtuous figures of The Prince are those who do whatever it takes to seize and maintain foreign territory, even if it entails the grossest violations. This is a morality	BBC Wales - History - Themes - The Prince of Wales The Prince of Wales Full site A - Z index The Prince of Wales Prince Charles is the latest in a long line of heirs to the British throne who have enjoyed the title of Prince of Wales. With the range of principalities that existed in Wales until the middle ages, it was rare that any one leader could argue to have united the nation under one banner and become a Prince of Wales in its entirety. The title isn't automatic, however. It has to be created each time by the reigning monarch - and as such is not an hereditary title. While the likes of Hywel Dda and Llywelyn ab Iorwerth came to rule vast swathes of Wales, it was only during Edward I's reign that Wales became a unified area under one monarch. But, it was an English monarch. Edward, the scourge of Wales and the builder of many of castles used to subdue the population, imposed his infant son, Prince Edward, on the Welsh as their new prince in 1301. Since then, only one domestic warlord, Owain Glyndwr has had a claim to the title, and was proclaimed as such in 1400. His defeat in 1409 marked the end of domestic princes for good and, since then, the eldest son of the reigning monarch has been made Prince of Wales. (Daughters of the reigning monarch do not become Princess of Wales, as it is only given to a male heir.) The title isn't automatic, however. It has to be created each time by the reigning monarch - and as such is not an hereditary title. The first official Prince of Wales, the infant future King Edward II, was born in Caernarfon Castle , and in 1911 the future Edward VIII was invested in the castle when he became Prince of Wales. Prince Charles was also invested in the castle when he given the title on July 1st, 1969. There were more than 4,000 people in the grounds of Caernarfon Castle when the Queen handed the 20-year-old prince the insignia of the Prince of Wales. In the dry moat and outside the ancient walls of the castle were thousands more, along with yet more millions who watched it on television around the world. Bookmark this page:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,796	Whom did Malcolm Williamson succeed as master of the Queens Music?	Masters of the Queens Music at the Sam Wanamaker Playhouse \| by Bachtrack for classical music, opera, ballet and dance event reviews Masters of the Queens Music at the Sam Wanamaker Playhouse **111 By David Fay , 28 October 2014 Judith Weir’s appointment as the first female Master of the Queens Music is an important moment in music history in Britain, and just cause for celebration. Female composers are still an overwhelming minority in classical music and having as subtle but strong a voice as Weir’s in this public position can only be a good thing. The benevolent members of the Park Lane Group – a charity which supports highly talented young musicians – evidently thought so too, deciding to put on a concert in Weir’s honour at the (still relatively new) Sam Wanamaker Playhouse. An admirable goal, but one that became less Weir-centred when music from the last six Masters was included on the programme. What was heralded as a celebration of Weir’s music became a celebration of the ceremonial position, and this diluted the interest of the event substantially. The resulting miscellany of music, performed by an equally miscellaneous mix of musicians and requiring constant breaks for stage readjustment, was more like a school concert than a serious tribute to Weir’s work. Judith Weir © Chris Christodoulou \| Chester Music https://bachtrack.com/imagecache/scaled/7120-275-judith_weir_chris_christodoulou.jpg275410 That is not, however, to say that the quality of the performance was not high. The Trinity Laban Chamber Choir began proceedings with a little number by Walford Davies. Magdalen at Michael’s Gate was amusingly introduced and well directed by Stephen Jackson, the choir blending well and finding a good balance for the compact mock-Jacobean theatre, candlelit and still smelling of freshly-cut pine. Another Walford Davies partsong, setting words by A.A. Milne, was programmed, but had to be pulled as the parts didn’t arrive in time (sound familiar?). Next pianist Alissa Firsova played Arthur Bliss’s Masques, four virtuosic pieces whose predominant mood is ebullient and vibrant, although some contrast comes in the more reflective third, with its mid-range pentatonic ostinato. Weir’s first work of the evening followed, a 10-minute-long ‘grand opera in three acts for unaccompanied solo soprano singing eight roles’. King Harald’s Saga tells the story of the ill-fated Norwegian King whose claim to (British) fame was his 1066 invasion’s providing a handy decoy for that of William of Normandy. It is an amusing, satisfyingly-crafted piece of theatre which demands substantial presence and vocal acrobatics of its performer. Jane Manning, for whom the piece was written in 1979, managed the latter admirably, but there was a fragility to her voice that slightly impinged her achieving the former. Her style is on the warbling side (which probably helped with the acrobatics a bit), but she performed the piece with the right amount of tongue-in-cheek wit and it went down very well. Tasmin Little and John Lenehan finished off the first half with those staples of the secondary school practice room corridor, Elgar’s Chansons de Matin et Nuit and Salut d’Amour. Of course, the standard was far superior to anything heard in high school – especially for the Salut, which was done rare justice – but it was another bizarre programming choice (how are these vignettes related to Elgar’s position of Master of the King’s Music?). The inclusion of these pieces did little to dispel memories of the concerts put on by my adolescent self and my violin-playing peers. Apart from a forgettable viola and piano piece by Bax entitled Legend, things became more serious in the second half, with pieces by Weir bookending those by her direct predecessors Malcolm Williamson and Maxwell Davies. Blue-Green Hill is a recent three-part suite for chamber ensemble in which Weir weaves Scotch-influenced melodies into and out of patches of subtly complicated sonic texture. The Park Lane Ensemble brought out the mastery of the instrumental writing, in which Weir achieves a sort o	Mala Album Discography Mala Album Discography By David Edwards and Mike Callahan Last update: June 17, 2003 Mala Records was formed in 1959 as a subsidiary to Bell Records by Bell's President, Al Massler. It was purchased in late 1961 by Larry Utall, then-owner of the Madison label. Utall closed Madison down and shifted his artist roster to the Bell labels. Mala's singles series started in 1959 with a long-forgotten disc by the Hi Boys, "Billy Boy"/"Draw" [Mala 400]. About a dozen singles were issued the first year, including singles by Sy Oliver, Herb Lance (who two years later charted with the Classics on the Promo label with "Blue Moon"), Jeanie Allen, and the Hully Gully Boys. Another dozen singles in 1960 were also by largely unknowns, but they did include a pair of early singles by David Gates ("What's This I Hear"/"You'll Be My Baby", Mala 413, and "Happiest Man Alive"/"The Road That Leads To Love", Mala 418). The year 1961 brought another eighteen mostly forgettable singles, with another David Gates offering mixed in ("Jo-Baby"/"Teardrops In My Heart", Mala 427). Early in 1962, Mala issued a single by R. Dean Taylor ("I'll Remember"/"It's A Long Way To St. Louis", Mala 444), almost a decade before his "Indiana Wants Me" hit in 1970. David Walker, once the lead singer for the gospel group Mighty Clouds of Joy, hit psudonymously as Bunker Hill with "Hide and Go Seek, Part 1" [Mala 451], which made #33. Although Walker had several followup singles, both under his own name and as Bunker Hill, none caught on. In 1963, perennial label-wanderer Link Wray (and his Ray Men/Wraymen) signed with Mala for two singles ("Hold It"/"Big City After Dark", Mala 456 by Ray Vernon and the Ray Men, and "Dancing Party"/"There's A Hole In The Middle Of The Moon", Mala 458, by Link Wray and the Wraymen). Near the end of 1963, the BigTop label folded and Mala took over many of their artists. Don & Juan, Johnny & the Hurricanes, and the Royaltones appeared on Mala about that time. Del Shannon, BigTop's major artist, formed his own label, Berlee, upon leaving BigTop in 1963, but lack of distribution soon discouraged Del, and he eventually settled in at sister label Amy in 1964. In 1964, Mala scored its biggest hit yet with Ronny and the Daytonas' "G.T.O.," a song directed at the then-current car craze and celebrating Pontiac's hot new model of the same name. Ronny and the Daytonas were a Nashville studio group. "Ronny" is John "Bucky" Wilkin, backed by a cast of famous Nashville session men, including Bobby Russell, Chips Moman, Johnny MacRae, and others. A completely different touring group was formed for public appearances. The touring group later recorded as the Hombres ("Let It Out, Let It All Hang Out" on Verve-Forecast). Because of the huge hit, "G.T.O.," Mala re-started their album series with an LP of the same name [Mala 4001]. When the group hit with "Sandy" about two years later, Mala followed with a second album, Sandy [Mala 4002]. Other artists on the roster in 1964 included the Del Satins (Dion's backup group after splitting with the Belmonts), ex-Madison artists Nino & the Ebbtides and Gary Stites, the Rag Dolls ("Dusty"), and Nashville songwriter Chip Taylor (later to write the garage-rock anthem "Wild Thing"). 1965 brought Jimmy Clanton, veteran hitmaker from the Ace label of Jackson, Mississippi, to Mala, but he failed to recapture the magic that got him a number of hits in 1959-63. Also that year, Little Caesar and the Consuls had a hit with "(My Girl) Sloopy" [Mala 512]. They were a Canadian group not to be confused with Little Caesar and the Romans. The Van Dykes were a soul trio from Ft. Worth, Texas, who recorded "No Man Is an Island" for the tiny Hue label before signing with Mala. (They are not the same group that recorded chart records in 1961 on Donna and DeLuxe.) Bobby Wood, a Memphis session man who had had a minor hit with "If I'm a Fool For Loving You" [Joy 285] in 1964, joined Mala in 1966, but failed to dent the charts. The Emperor's [no, I don't know why the apostrophe is in there, either] were a sextet fro	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,797	Who was the first sports announcer to address Muhammad Ali by his Muslim name?	Boxer Muhammad Ali, 'The Greatest Of All Time,' Dies At 74 : NPR Boxer Muhammad Ali, 'The Greatest Of All Time,' Dies At 74 Embed Embed Boxer Muhammad Ali, 'The Greatest Of All Time,' Dies At 74 Boxer Muhammad Ali, 'The Greatest Of All Time,' Dies At 74 Embed Embed Tom Goldman Hide caption Boxer Muhammad Ali weighs in a week before his heavyweight bout with Jerry Quarry on Oct. 20, 1970 in Atlanta. Ali died at 74. Previous AP Hide caption An 85-pound Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. is shown posing at 12 years old, prior to his amateur ring debut in 1954. He won a gold medal in the light-heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympic Games in Rome as a member of the U.S. Olympic boxing team. Previous Clay with trainer Angelo Dundee at City Parks Gym in New York in 1962. Previous Dan Grossi/AP Hide caption Clay with his first wife, Sonji Roi, on June 21, 1963. He married three more times. Previous Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images Hide caption Heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali stands over fallen challenger Sonny Liston on May 25, 1965, in Lewiston, Maine. The bout lasted only one minute into the first round. Ali is the only man ever to win the World Heavyweight Boxing Championship three times. Previous John Rooney/AP Hide caption Ali listens intently to Elijah Muhammad, leader of the Nation of Islam, as Muhammad gives a marathon speech to black Muslims in Chicago on Feb. 28, 1966. The fighter had dropped the name Cassius Clay in 1964 and adopted the Muslim name Muhammad Ali. Previous Paul Cannon/AP Hide caption Ali says "no comment," confronted by members of the press as he leaves court for the noon recess, June 19, 1967. Ali was on trial for refusing to be inducted into the armed services. Previous Ed Kolenovsky/AP Hide caption Ali lies on his back with Joe Frazier, the heavyweight champion, standing over him after a 15th-round punch by Frazier dropped him in New York, March 8, 1971. Frazier retained his title with a unanimous decision over Ali. Previous AP Hide caption Ali toys with the finely combed hair of television sports commentator Howard Cosell before the start of the Olympic boxing trials, Aug. 7, 1972, in West Point, N.Y. Previous AP Hide caption Ali tours downtown Kinshasa on Sept. 17, 1974, ahead of his fight with Foreman. The bout was famously hyped as the "Rumble in the Jungle." Previous AP Hide caption Ali watches as defending world champion George Foreman goes down to the canvas in the eighth round of their WBA/WBC championship boxing match in Kinshasa, Zaire, on Oct. 30, 1974. Foreman was counted out by the referee and Ali regained the world heavyweight crown by knockout. Previous AP Hide caption Muhammad Ali lights the Olympic flame during the 1996 Summer Olympic Games opening ceremony in Atlanta on July 19, 1996. Previous Michael Probst/AP Hide caption Ali spars with a Cuban amateur boxer on Sept. 10, 1998, during his visit to the Cerro Pelado sport complex in Havana. Ali was on a three-day visit to Cuba to deliver a $1.2 million donation in humanitarian aid to local hospitals. Previous Adalberto Roque/AFP/Getty Images Hide caption Ali is escorted onstage by his wife, Lonnie, and a personal assistant during The Muhammad Ali Celebrity Fight Night Awards XIX in Phoenix on March 23, 2013. The awards are given out to celebrities who embody the qualities of Ali and his fight to find a cure for Parkinson's disease. Previous View slideshow Update at 3:15 p.m. ET: Ali's Funeral Set For Friday Muhammad Ali, the man considered the greatest boxer of all time, died late Friday at a hospital in Phoenix at age 74. He was battling respiratory problems. He died of septic shock related to natural causes, with his family at his bedside, according to family spokesman Bob Gunnell. A Salute To 'The Greatest': Muhammad Ali Ali inspired millions by standing up for his principles during the volatile 1960s and by always entertaining — in the boxing ring and in front of a microphone. Cassius Clay (Ali's given name) won a gold medal at the Rome Olympics in 1960. He wanted more: a professional heavyweight championship. He a	The many fights of Muhammad Ali - CNNPolitics.com 1 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali, then known as Cassius Clay, poses in his hometown of Louisville, Kentucky, prior to his amateur boxing debut in 1954. He was 12 years old and 85 pounds. As an amateur, he won 100 out of 108 fights. Hide Caption 2 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali rose to prominence at the 1960 Olympic Games in Rome, where he claimed a gold medal in the light-heavyweight division. Hide Caption 3 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali boldly predicted it would take him five rounds to knock out British boxer Henry Cooper ahead of their bout in London in 1963. The fight was stopped in the fifth round as Cooper was bleeding heavily from a cut around his eye. Hide Caption 4 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Patrick Power, 6, takes on Ali in the ring in 1963. Patrick was taking boxing lessons after getting bullied. Hide Caption 5 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali poses for a picture with The Beatles in Miami, during the run-up to his heavyweight title fight against Sonny Liston in 1964. Hide Caption 6 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali celebrates after defeating Liston in Miami on February 25, 1964. Upon becoming world heavyweight champion for the first time, Ali proclaimed, "I am the greatest!" Hide Caption 7 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali relaxes after his win over Liston in 1964. At 22, he became the youngest boxer to take the heavyweight title from a reigning champion. Hide Caption 8 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Civil rights activist Malcolm X, left, takes a picture of a tuxedo-clad Ali surrounded by jubilant fans in March 1964. Shortly after the Liston fight, Ali announced that he had joined the Nation of Islam and changed his name from Cassius Clay. Hide Caption 9 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Known for being as quick with his mouth as he was with his hands, Ali often taunted his opponents. He famously said he could "float like a butterfly, sting like a bee." Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali prepares to defend his heavyweight title in 1965. Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali stands over Liston during their rematch in Lewiston, Maine, on May 25, 1965. Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali eats at a restaurant in 1965. Hide Caption 13 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali The referee pushes Ali to a neutral corner as Floyd Patterson slumps to the canvas in November 1965. The fight was stopped at the end of the 12th round and Ali was declared the winner. Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali signs an autograph for a fan in 1966. Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali visits a children's home in London in May 1966. Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali trains for his second fight against British champion Henry Cooper in May 1966. Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali British talk-show host Eamonn Andrews shares a laugh with Ali in May 1966. Hide Caption 18 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali lands a right to the head of Brian London during their bout in London on August 6, 1966. Ali won by a knockout in the third round. Hide Caption Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali looks in his hotel-room mirror in February 1967. Hide Caption 20 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali The referee counts as Ali looks down at Zora Folley during a championship fight in New York on March 23, 1967. Ali won by a knockout in the seventh round. Hide Caption 21 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali As a conscientious objector to the Vietnam War, Ali refused induction into the U.S. Army in April 1967. Here, top athletes from various sports gather to support Ali as he gives his reasons for rejecting the draft. Seated in the front row, from left to right, are Bill Russell, Ali, Jim Brown and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. Hide Caption 22 of 52 Photos: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali Ali walks through the streets of New York with members of the Black Panther Party in September 1970. Ali wa	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,798	Which recording company turned down the Beatles but signed the Rolling Stones?	This Day in Music Spotlight: The Man Who Turned Down The Beatles This Day in Music Spotlight: The Man Who Turned Down The Beatles January 1, 1962 01.01.2011 Special thanks to ThisDayinMusic.com . In his distinguished tenure at Decca Records, Dick Rowe signed an unbelievable roster of talent, including The Rolling Stones, The Moody Blues, The Animals, Them (featuring Van Morrison), The Zombies, Tom Jones, Small Faces, The Tornados, and John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers. Unfortunately for Rowe and his label, he will always be known for the one band he let get away. The Beatles first came to Rowe’s attention via a young writer in Decca’s employ named Tony Barrow. Barrow hailed from the Liverpool area, but was a few years older than The Beatles. He had moved to London to take a job writing liner notes for the label, while still contributing to The Liverpool Echo on the side. When Brian Epstein signed The Beatles to work as their manager, he consulted Barrow for advice… and help. While Barrow turned down his request to write about the band in his Echo column, he did promise to mention the group to Decca’s A&R department. Rowe was the head of that department. For Rowe, the request to consider this unknown Northern band put him in a slightly awkward position. He was hardly interested in The Beatles, whoever they were, but he knew that Epstein was a valued customer for Decca. His NEMS music store was a major retailer in the North and Epstein’s was a relationship Rowe could hardly afford to damage. And so, Rowe sent an assistant, Mike Smith, up to Liverpool to see what the fuss was all about. On Wednesday, December 13, Smith arrived in Liverpool and was met by Epstein, who took him to dinner. Following the meal, they went to the Cavern Club on Mathew Street, where the band would play their second set of the day (having earlier played for the lunchtime crowd). Appearing with Gerry and the Pacemakers and The Four Jays, The Beatles played their standard repertoire of R&B and rock ’n’ roll covers mixed with a dollop of originals. Smith wasn’t blown away to the point of signing them on the spot, but he saw enough potential (and enthusiasm from the crowds… and Epstein) that he agreed to arrange a formal audition at Decca. The date was set for New Years Day, 1962. On New Year’s Eve, instead of going on a bender or playing to a raucous party crowd, The Beatles embarked on what they hoped would be the most important automobile ride of their lives. They piled all of their gear into road manager Neil Aspinall’s van and drove off in the freezing snow. Huddled together to stay warm, they hoped to arrive in The Smoke early enough to grab a drink and do a wee bit of merrymaking before turning in. Unfortunately, Aspinall got lost along the way and what should have been a four-to-five-hour trip turned into a 10-hour odyssey. When the boys arrived, they were aching and cold and ill-humored to see, as John later recalled, “the drunks jumping into the Trafalgar Square fountain.” When they arrived at the studio in the morning with Epstein, who had traveled separately by train, they were peeved to find that Smith was late, having been a bit hung over from his own New Year’s celebration. Smith irritated them even more by insisting that they use the house amplifiers instead of their own, referring to their own gear as substandard. With all of this going on, the group gave (by their own admission) a less-than-stellar performance – certainly not poor, but not up to the show-stopping standard they’d set for themselves in the basements and bars of Hamburg and Liverpool. They blew through 15 songs in a little over an hour, getting more comfortable as they went along. The songs were: 1. “Like Dreamers Do” (Lennon-McCartney) 2. “Money (That’s What I Want)” (Bradford-Gordy; originally recorded by Barrett Strong) 3. “Till There Was You” (Willson; originally composed for the musical The Music Man) 4. “The Sheik of Araby” (Smith-Wheeler-Snyder; an old vaudeville number turned rock ‘n’ roll by Joe Brown and The Bruvvers) 5. “To Know Her is to Love Her” (Spector; original	Apple Records \| The Beatles Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Apple Records was founded in 1968 as a sub-division of the Beatles' Apple Corps project, which in practice was established as a small group of companies (Apple Retail, Apple Publishing, Apple Films and so on). At this time, the Beatles were contracted to Parlophone in the United Kingdom and Capitol Records in the United States. In a new recording deal, EMI and Capitol agreed to distribute Apple Records until 1975, although EMI retained ownership of the Beatles' recordings. Although they were issued on the Apple label, they carried Parlophone R-prefixed catalogue numbers. Apple Records owns the rights to all of the Beatles' videos and movie clips, however, and to the recordings of other artistes signed to the label. Initially, Apple Records and Apple Publishing signed a number of acts whom the Beatles personally discovered or supported, and in most cases one or more of the Beatles would be involved in the recording sessions. Several notable artistes were signed in the first year including Mary Hopkin, Billy Preston, the Modern Jazz Quartet and The Iveys (who later became Badfinger). In 1969, the Beatles were in need of financial and managerial direction and Lennon was introduced to Allen Klein through Mick Jagger, as Klein was managing The Rolling Stones at the time. Klein went on to manage Apple, by virtue of his three-to-one support from the Beatles, Paul McCartney the only group member opposed to his involvement. (McCartney had suggested his then new father-in-law Lee Eastman for the job.) After Klein took control of Apple, several sub-divisions, including Apple Electronics, were shut down, and some of Apple Records' artistic roster effectively dropped. Thereafter, new signings were not so numerous, and tended to arrive through the individual actions of The (ex-)Beatles, with the formal approval of the others. (e.g., Elephant's Memory were recruited through John Lennon, Ravi Shankar through George Harrison, etc.) Paul McCartney had little input into Apple Records' roster after 1970. During the 1974 proceedings dissolving the Beatles as an entity, a court ruling decreed that eighty percent of all profits from Beatles albums (as a group) would accrue to Apple Records, and five percent would go to each of the four members. Mostly through continued issues of old Beatles records, the label consistently made a profit until 1984, after which it lost money for several years. Standard Apple album and single labels displayed a bright green Granny Smith apple on the A-side, while the flipside displayed the midsection of the apple cut in half. The bright green apple returned for Beatles CDs releases in the 1990s, following initial CD releases on Parlophone . However, on the U.S. issue of the Beatles' Let It Be album, the Granny Smith apple was red. The reason was that in the United States that album, being the soundtrack to the movie of the same name, was, for contractual reasons, being manufactured and distributed by United Artists Records and not Capitol Records, so the red apple was used to mark the difference. In the late 70s, Capitol's parent company EMI later purchased United Artists Records and Capitol gained the American rights to the Let It Be soundtrack album (along with the America rights to another, earlier, UA Beatles movie soundtrack LP, 1964's A Hard Day's Night ). Original U.K. versions of all standard Beatles albums were released worldwide on CD in 1987 and 1988 on the Parlophone label with no Apple logo, even including albums originally released on Apple. Previously, Abbey Road had been issued on CD by the EMI-Odeon label in Japan in the early 1980s. Although this was a legitimate release, it was not authorized by the Beatles, the main EMI company or Apple Corps. As a result, very few were made. It was not until the BBC sessions and the Anthology series that Apple labels started appearing on the CDs. Subsequent releases have been on the familiar Apple label or at least had the Apple logo. In 2006 the label was again newsworthy, as the long-running di	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,799	What is the more common name for the insect called a devil's coach horse	Devil's coach horse \| Buglife Home > About Bugs > Devil's coach horse Devil’s coach horse (Ocypus olens) © Ben Hamers Devil's coach horse Fast facts Latin name: Ocypus olens Notable feature: Long-bodied, uniformly black beetle with an extended exposed powerful abdomen with shortened wing cases Rarity in UK: Rare / Common Devil’s coach horse (Ocypus olens) © Ben Hamers These aggressive, carniverous predators are commonly found across the UK and Europe in a variety of habitats. The Devil’s Coach Horse can sometimes be mistaken for an earwig but when threatened its scorpion-like posture will give the game away! The Devil’s Coach Horse belongs to the Rove Beetle family, called the Staphylinidae which are sometimes referred to as the ‘Staphs’ for short. There are approximately 1000 species of rove beetle (given this name as they are constantly on the move) found in the UK which amounts to roughly a quarter of all British beetles. Read more The Devil’s Coach Horse is the largest of the rove beetles and can reach a length of around 28mm. Typical to this family, the Devil’s Coach Horse is a long-bodied, uniformly black beetle with an extended exposed powerful abdomen with shortened wing cases (elytra). Although able to fly its wings are rarely used. The beetle is common in the UK and is found throughout Europe. It also inhabits parts of Australasia and the Americas but it is not native to these areas having been introduced. The Devil’s Coach Horse occupies a wide range of habitats requiring damp conditions and is common in woods, hedgerows, meadows, parks and gardens, being seen between April and October. It is also known to make its way indoors now and then, particularly in older properties. 3,2,1....Fight! If you have crossed paths with the Devil’s Coach Horse you may have seen it adopt its typical defensive pose where it raises the rear end of its body and opens its fierce jaws, similar to that of a scorpion. A tad on the aggressive side perhaps but it is only because its feeling threatened! If it continues to feel threatened though it can emit a foul smell from its abdomen area (‘olens’ meaning smell) via a pair of white glands; can excrete an unpleasant fluid from its mouth and rear; and it’s fair to say that its bite may hurt a little! Jaws of the invertebrate world During the day the Devil’s Coach Horse usually rests amongst and under stones and logs but it is at night that this carnivorous, nocturnal predator comes out to feed on slugs, worms, spiders, woodlice, a range of other invertebrates and carrion (dead items). For its size the Devil’s Coach Horse has very large jaws (mandibles) which it uses to catch and cut its prey. With the help of its front legs the food is then turned into a ball like shape (bolus) which is chewed, passing through the beetles’ digestive system a number of times until it becomes liquefied and finally digested. Little Devils - carnivorous young that live underground.. Devil’s Coach Horse mate in autumn and a female will lay a single egg two to three weeks later in a damp, dark habitat such as leaf litter or moss. After around 30 days the larva will emerge, living mainly underground. As with their parents, Devil’s Coach Horse larvae are carnivorous feeding on a variety of other invertebrates; possess powerful jaws to catch and consume their prey; and can even adopt the threatened display of a raised tail and open jaws. The larva goes through three successive growth stages (instars). The third and final larval stage is reached after approximately 150 days when it is between 20 – 26mm in length. It is at this stage that pupation begins and an adult beetle emerges about 35 days later. It emerges fully formed but needs to stay inactive for a few hours to allow its wings to dry out before they can be folded beneath the wing case (elytra). If the weather conditions are mild adults can remain active and survive a second winter. Alternatively they will burrow underground and hibernate until the following March. What’s in a name? As far back as the Middle Ages this species has been associat	Bug of the Week Archives - Field Station Selected Short Subjects January 10, 2017 Homer Hruby Howdy, BugFans, The BugLady’s #3 child nailed it years ago when she proclaimed her mother an “Essoterrorist”—someone with a fondness for squirreling away obscure facts. Here are some of the Bug Facts that she’s come across while looking for something… Read More Life on the Pond January 3, 2017 Homer Hruby No words today, but an amazing set of videos. A woman named Linda contacted the BugLady in the summer of 2016 about her Missouri Master Naturalist project, which involved recording life on the surface of a (primordial ooze-ish) pond near her home. She set up her video camera on a rock overlooking the pond and recorded dramas, large and small, in that cradle of life. False Bombardier Beetle Redux (Family Carabidae) December 28, 2016 Homer Hruby Bombardier Beetles dark-colored, speedy, long-lived, nocturnal carnivores. Many of the more talented members of the family are able to produce noxious chemicals to spray on their enemies. The False Bombardier Beetle spray consists mainly (80%) of concentrated formic acid (which is also deployed by ants), with some acetic acid and wetting agents thrown in. The 13 Bugs of Christmas December 21, 2016 Homer Hruby “The Twelve Days of Christmas” is an English carol that was probably borrowed from the French and that was originally an acapella chant/call-and-response/children’s memory game. It first appeared in writing in 1780, and there were (and still are) many variations of it, though the words were more-or-less standardized when an official melody was finally written for it in 1909. Ichneumon centrator Wasp (Family Ichneumonidae) December 13, 2016 Homer Hruby Ichneumon centrator (no common name) is about ¾” long. Females are black with smoky wings, reddish-brown accents on the thorax and head, mostly-pale antennae, and dark yellow bands on their legs. Males are black, with pale antennae. Only one host species has been identified for Ichneumon centrator, and it’s the larva of the Isabella tiger moth, famously known as the Wooly bear caterpillar. A Couple of Stinkbugs (Family Pentatomidae) December 6, 2016 Homer Hruby Stink Bugs have piercing-sucking mouthparts in the form of a tube that is inserted into their food source, through which digestive juices are injected, and through which the resultant pre-digested tissue is extracted. The family contains herbivores, including a number of agricultural pests; carnivores, some of which are used as biological controls on other insects; and a few that start their lives as plant feeders but switch to animals. Brown Lacewing (Family Hemerobiidae) November 30, 2016 Homer Hruby Adult Brown Lacewings have four-wings and are a half-inch-long(ish), with light brown wings, often patterned, and they are less conspicuous—and hairier—than green lacewings. They have chewing mouthparts and conspicuous eyes. Brown lacewing adults and larvae richly deserve their nicknames of “aphid lions” and “aphid wolves,” but they also prey on small critters like mealybugs, white flies, spider mites, scales, and on insect eggs. Slaty Skimmer Dragonfly (Family Libellulidae) November 23, 2016 Homer Hruby Slaty Skimmers are one of three dragonflies in Wisconsin that are closely-related, very similar-looking, and very rare. Males are territorial and hostile, defending stretches of shoreline, and an approach by an intruding male results in aggressive displays, loop-the-loops, and chases. They are most active in the morning. Females are rarely seen at the water’s edge unless they’re in the mood, and they may breed while still in their juvenile coloration. Splendid Dwarf Spider (Family Linyphiidae) November 16, 2016 Homer Hruby Splendid dwarf spiders belong to the large Linyphiidae spider family. Linyphiids are second in species numbers only to Jumping spiders and are a dominant group of spiders in the cooler regions of the Northern Hemisphere (where they’re sometimes seen walking on snow). Splendid dwarf spiders are found from coast to coast, mostly across the northern half of the U	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,800	Globe, Omaha Fiesole and Chianti are all varieties of which vegetable?	Baked Artichoke Recipe Baked Artichoke Recipe written by Heather Restrepo So there are a variety of types when it comes to artichokes (Red-Babyanzio, Big-heart, Siena, Mercury, Omaha, Fiesole, Chianti, etc.) But perhaps the most common is the Classic Green Globe artichoke. This is probably the type of artichoke you will find at your local grocer. Having moved to Hawaii as a teen, that is when I was first introduced to this intimidating looking veggie. I would never have predicted that I could ever encompass the foodie-love-affair that I now have with them! The Classic Green Globe artichoke is by far my favorite because of its’ buttery-tasting heart and bottom. There is also a good amount of meat within the petals – SCORE if you ask me! Many people enjoy perfectly grilled, baked, or steamed artichokes at fancy restaurants, which are usually served with a garlic aioli type of sauce (find my aioli recipe here ). Nonetheless, making them at home is not as scary as you might think! I find that steaming artichokes gives them a bitter taste compared to baking, plus popping them in the oven is so much easier than messing with a steamer! So, here is my go-to recipe for BAKED artichokes: INGREDIENTS: 2 tbsp. Grass-fed Butter (un-salted) 1 tsp. Garlic Powder NOTE: You will need a baking dish with a lid/cover. To start – Preheat the oven to 425 degrees. Give the artichoke a good rinse in cold water, and use a kitchen brush to lightly scrub the outside. Then cut about a half-inch from the stem and discard the bottom piece. I also cut about a half-inch from the very top, just to open it up and allow the seasoning to get inside for cooking. OPTIONAL: Some people like to trim the tops of the leaves to get rid of the thorns, but I find that they become soft during cooking so I don’t bother. Then, carefully cut the artichoke vertically in half. Line a baking dish with parchment paper and place the halves on top. Then lightly coat both pieces with a halved lemon. Take the other half of the lemon and squeeze along the inside of the artichoke, as well as between the leaves. Then sprinkle the sea salt and garlic powder all-over both sides and a bit between the leaves. Next, lightly drizzle your oil all over the artichoke pieces (in between the leaves also). Then place a tbsp. of grass-fed butter in each of the heart pockets. Cover the baking dish with lid, and place in to the oven. Allow to cook until sizzling., usually about 1 hour. (Ovens will vary, so check often after 30-40 minutes of cooking) After cooking, allow to cool, remove the choke with a spoon (the hairy inside part), and then enjoy the meat on petals, and heart/bottom! x. Heather	Index-a What does the workplace flexi-hours acronym TOIL stand for? Waterloo, the location of Napoleon's 1815 defeat, is in modern-day: France; Belgium; Spain; or Russia? G-BOAG, G-BOAC, and F-BVFC and the tragic F-BTSC designated what iconic 20thC invention? Name the core specialism of notable Anglo-Danish industrialist Sir Ove Nyquist Arup (1895-1988) and the global (Arup Group) corporation he created: Pharmacy; Structural engineering; Shipbuilding; or Food canning? The famous guitar maker founded in Kalamazoo, Michigan, in 1902 is: Gibson; Fender; Rickenbacker; or Gretsch? Calabria, flanked by the Tyrrhenian and Ionian Seas, is the southern peninsular of which country? In the 1920s Japanese and Austrian physicians Kyusaku Ogino and Hermann Knaus devised the contraceptive method called popularly: Coil; Rhythm; Pill; or Condom? What boom caused gross exploitation of native people of Brazil and adjacent nations by European industrialists c.1879-1912: Rubber; Cotton; Gold; or Silk? What popular Spanish word has various meanings including go, hurry up, come on, let's go, up, upstairs, and above? If a fifth of the charges in a $60 bill are discounted by 25%, what is the total cost? What punning word is an animal's mother, a barrier, and a biblical expletive? The artists Monet, Manet, Degas and Cezanne are mainly noted for what style of art? Comprising 100 centavos, what is the currency of Brazil? What word, derived from Latin meaning to 'pay against the evil of something' refers to expressing disapproval? Ogilvy & Mather, WWP and James Walter Thompson famously operate in: Law; Advertising; Auditing; or Architectural design? What mathematical term originated from Arabic 'awar', meaning 'damage to goods', evolving through French terminology for an apportionment of shipping liabilities between owners of vessel and cargo? What herb is traditionally associated, besides garlic, with the pickling of a gherkin (US pickle)? Avian refers to: Birds; Bees; Apes; or Vikings? Derived from Latin for 'place', what anglicized French word commonly means 'instead' in formal communications? Which inspirational genius created the landmark film 'Modern Times' and its theme song, 'Smile', released in 1936? Brazil's first ever football match as a national team was in 1914 at Laranjeiras stadium, Rio de Janeiro state, against: Argentina; USA; Prussia; or Exeter City? What is/are 'pince-nez': Cream and wine sauce; Ferry tug-boats; Armless spectacles; or Four-legged trousers for dogs? The Arabic term 'Al-jebr' (reunion of broken parts) is famously associated with: Disaster relief; TV news; Twin skyscrapers; or Algebra? The UHF wireless technology developed by Eriksson in 1994 for data transfer between devices in close proximity is: Silverlip; Bluetooth; Rednose; or Goldeye? What is the '1c Magenta', which (at $20m) became the most expensive man-made object ever in terms of weight to value? A circular partner-swapping ballroom dance, named after a 1700s maritime leader, is the: William Bligh; Paul Jones; Horatio Nelson; or James Hook? The Stone Age was roughly how many years ago: 4-5,000; 50-100,000; 500,000-1million; or 1-2m? Originally a French portmanteau word combining a shoe and boot, what means 'wilfully destroy'? What is the recurring number when two-thirds is expressed as a decimal? A lodestone (or loadstone, from old English meaning 'leading-stone' or 'way-stone') is a naturally occurring what? Which controversial Swiss sports head, accused of racism, sexism and corruption 1990s-2000s, was once president of the World Society of Friends of Suspenders, which advocated women should not replace stockings and suspenders with pantyhose? Bambino is the family trust of which controversial business mogul, subject to criminal proceedings in Germany 2014? Boundary-pushing Dutch media corporation Endemol sought participants in 2014 for a reality show requiring the group to: Marry each other; Marry animals; Have face transplants; or Live indefinitely on Mars? The volcano Olympic Mons, three times taller than Mount Everest, and the highes	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,801	The theme from which TV drama gave Jimmy Nail a hit single	5 Shows Where The Cast Sang The Theme Tune \| Drama Channel > 5 Shows Where The Cast Sang The Theme Tune 5 Shows Where The Cast Sang The Theme Tune Sometimes a theme song can become as iconic as the TV programme itself – especially when the cast pitch in and hit the high notes… Birds of a Feather BIRDS OF A FEATHER Here's an often-forgotten fact: that famous Birds of a Feather title sequence showing snapshots from the sisters' lives was only introduced later on in the show's run. The sitcom originally opened in an oddly ominous way, with Sharon and Tracey dressed in white and black, walking slowly under a series of spotlights, looking a bit like characters from a gothic Victorian saga. And while Irving Berlin's classic "What'll I Do" was the theme song, it wasn't sung by the girls. Instead, we had a male vocalist version which originally featured in the 1974 Robert Redford film version of The Great Gatsby. Luckily, someone behind the scenes eventually had the idea of getting Pauline Quirke and Linda Robson to sing the tune instead, giving us the deliciously downbeat Chigwell version we know and love. A Fine Romance A FINE ROMANCE One of the all-time great British sitcoms, and one that's well overdue for rediscovery, A Fine Romance couldn't have had a more appropriate theme song. "They think we're like a couple of hot tomatoes," go the lyrics, "but we're as cold as yesterday's mashed potatoes." Which just about sums about Mike and Laura, the would-be lovers who specialize in awkward silences, clumsy cuddles and mutual moping around. The other great thing about the theme song is it's sung by Judi Dench! (Yes, that definitely warrants an exclamation mark.) In fact, she does a wonderful job of it, which is saying something when you consider the song was previously covered by legends including Billie Holliday, Ella Fitzgerald and Ginger Rogers. Bonus fact: it was written by Jerome Kern, the songsmith who also gave us The Way You Look Tonight and Smoke Gets In Your Eyes. Bread BREAD "Making bread out of nothing but air." So goes the opening ditty, and that pretty much sums up the show about a close-knit Liverpudlian clan who spend all their time wheeling, dealing and generally blagging their way through life. Belted out by the cast, this upbeat, bouncy, Barbershop Quartet-style song became one of the signature sounds of 80s Britain: an anthem of cheeky optimism in the face of defeat. It's easy to forget just how massive the show actually was. A bit like that other comedy about scam artistry, Only Fools and Horses, it took a little while to catch on with the public, but when it did it became a phenomenon. In its heyday, Bread challenged EastEnders and Corrie for telly supremacy. A lot of that was down to its cleverly soap-like structure, but credit also has to go to the relentlessly catchy theme song with a chorus you want to yell from the sofa. Crocodile Shoes CROCODILE SHOES It's rare that a TV theme tune becomes a bona fide chart hit, but that's exactly what happened when Jimmy Nail crooned out this homage to country music in Crocodile Shoes . The programme itself is about an ordinary Geordie factory worker who decides to jack everything in, swap Newcastle for Nashville, and follow his seemingly impossible dream of becoming a singer. So the song certainly fits, even if it's definitely more pop than country. Saying that, you may not remember the tongue-in-cheek video for the song, which took the mickey out of every possible country-western concept - from a pantomime horse dancing in the background to child cowboys firing water pistols at Jimmy Nail. And when he sings "My crocodile shoes are crying too", the shoes actually sprout cartoon eyes. Which start crying. New Tricks NEW TRICKS No list of cast-sung theme tunes would be complete without at least one entry from the man who made it an art form: Dennis Waterman. The man's so fond of singing theme tunes that it inspired a Little Britain sketch on that very subject (though by all accounts the real Dennis Waterman is considerably taller than the one depicted by David Walliams).	BT 100 1960 No 1 - Theme From a Summer Place by Percy Faith - YouTube BT 100 1960 No 1 - Theme From a Summer Place by Percy Faith Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Nov 12, 2014 "Theme from A Summer Place" is a song with lyrics by Mack Discant and music by Max Steiner, written for the 1959 film A Summer Place, which starred Sandra Dee and Troy Donahue. It was recorded for the film by Hugo Winterhalter. Originally known as the "Molly and Johnny Theme", the piece is not the main title theme of the film, but a love theme for the characters played by Dee and Donahue. Percy Faith recorded the most popular version of the tune in the Columbia 30th Street Studio in New York City, which spent an at-the-time record of nine consecutive weeks at #1 on the still-young Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in early 1960. It remains the longest-running #1 instrumental in the history of the chart. Billboard ranked Faith's version as the No. 1 song for 1960.[3] It reached #2 in the UK. It hit #1 in Italy under the title "Scandalo Al Sole". Faith won a Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1961 for his recording. This was the first movie theme and the first instrumental to win a Record of the Year Grammy. Faith re-recorded the song twice – first, in 1969, as a female choral version, then, in 1976, as a disco version titled "Summer Place '76". In 2008, Faith's original version was ranked at #18 on Billboard's top 100 songs during the first 50 years of the Hot 100 chart. Category	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,802	On which island is the former royal residence Osborne House, built for Queen Victoria and Prince Albert?	1000+ images about Royal Residences - Osborne House - Isle of Wight on Pinterest \| Queen victoria, Isle of wight and Prince albert Forward Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. The residence was built in the 1850s for Queen Victoria and Prince Albert as a home away from the pressures of court life. Albert himself designed the house and the royal family stayed there for several periods throughout the year including Victoria’s birthday, Albert’s birthday and the lead-up to Christmas. Victoria died at Osborne on 22 January 1901 with her son and successor King Edward VII by her bedside. See More	Albert Square, Walford \| EastEnders Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Albert Square at night from High Up, February 2015 Albert Square at Night on Halloween 2014. Seen from No. 31's Roof. Albert Square at night (February 2015). Albert Square in Walford is a typical Victorian East London square of houses with a street leading off one side called Bridge Street with a pub on the corner called The Queen Vic . Another road leading to and from the square is a small road in between Albert Square and Victoria Road near the car lot. It has housed many residents over the years. The square has a garden in the middle. Contents [ show ] About Albert Square is the fictional location of the popular BBC soap opera EastEnders. It is ostensibly located in the equally fictional London borough of Walford in London's East End. The square's design was based on the real life Fassett Square in the East End, and was given the name Albert Square after the real life history of Prince Albert and the then deprived East End. The public house, The Queen Victoria, was also given its name due to this. One of the key characteristics of the pub is the window twitching by any of the occupants throughout the years. They are often known to look out of the windows, giving a view of the whole Square. This is especially common in dramatic storylines. Central to the Square are the gardens. The garden is home to Arthur Fowler's bench, which was placed there in memory of him. The bench is also known as the Bench of Tears, as it is often the place where characters will go and cry. The square is the centre for all of the everyday drama in all of Walford's residents' lives, most of the characters on EastEnders live on the square. Although a major place on the show, there are other places which are used in the show, like the market. In 2011 it was revealed that Albert Square's postcode is E20 6PQ, despite previously having used E20 6RF on Dot Branning 's Driving Licence. Famous Deaths In June 2001, 17-year-old Ashley Cotton was killed instantly when he crashed a stolen motorbike in the Square. New Year's Day has seen two deaths in the Square. In 1999, Tiffany Mitchell was knocked down and killed by Frank Butcher's car. In 2006, Dennis Rickman was stabbed to death by a mysterious hooded attacker (later revealed to be Danny Moon). On Christmas Day 2006, Walford matriarch Pauline Fowler died in Albert Square, next to Arthur's bench, under the Christmas tree after suffering a fatal brain haemorrhage. On April 2, 2009 Danielle Jones was killed by Janine Butcher when Ronnie Mitchell found out Danielle was her daughter Albert Square within the EastEnders set In reality, the exterior set for the fictional Albert Square is located in the permanent backlot of the BBC's Elstree Studios in Borehamwood, Hertfordshire at 51°39′32″N 0°16′40″W / 51.65889, -0.27778. The set is outdoors and open to the weather, and much of it consists of full-scale practical buildings and street furniture. As the show is filmed up to six weeks in advance, the trees need to have extra leaves stuck on them during the Spring to make them look like they would in Summer. It is mooted that Albert Square, will transfer to Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire where a new set will be built as the current set is looking rather shabby, with its flaws showing up on High-definition television broadcasts. Gallery	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,803	Gertrude Ederle became the first woman to do what on August 6th 1926?	Gertrude Ederle Gertrude Ederle You are here: Home » Gertrude Ederle Go Gertrude Ederle completes the first successful crossing from England to France. A choppy, calculated Channel adventure in "The Great Swim" By Ginny Merdes Special to The Seattle Times "THE GREAT SWIM" Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to complete an English Channel swim, greased her body to stay warm. "The Great Swim" by Gavin Mortimer. Walker & Co., 336 pp., $24.95 Twenty-one miles of cold choppy water. The channel separating England and France has historically challenged the elite distance swimmer. Until 1926, no female swimmer had successfully crossed the English Channel, though some made brave attempts, including 18-year-old Gertrude Ederle, who made her first try in 1925. The following year, Ederle, three other American women, British citizen Mercedes Gleitze and others set their sights on being the first woman to cross the English Channel. In "The Great Swim," Gavin Mortimer re-creates the race and the times. What he does best is show how a handful of U.S. newspapers and their journalists created a public frenzy surrounding the event. The American press proved that photos of women in swimsuits did sell newspapers. Using archival press reports and interviews, Mortimer recalls the America of the 1920s and the place of American women of that era. Flappers who bobbed their hair and shortened their skirts were looked down on. Women were considered the weaker sex. Still, the lure of competition and the lust for the distinction of an American achieving a "first" captivated readers. Mortimer provides background for each U.S. competitor. A New Yorker whose father owned a butcher shop, Ederle brought to the channel her experience as a serious swimmer and the bravado of youth: "I want to be the first woman to swim from France to England." She was hired to write an exclusive column during her training for the Chicago Tribune-Daily News syndicate. Clarabelle Barrett, another New Yorker, was interested in money, not fame. She needed to pay for singing lessons to achieve her dream of becoming a professional singer. Barrett was part of a national movement to get American female swimmers into the Olympic Games. Lillian Cannon, of Baltimore, used an 11-hour swim in Chesapeake Bay to train for the channel crossing. She wrote a chatty column for the Baltimore Sun, helping newspapers fuel a rivalry between her and Ederle. Mille Gade grew up in Denmark, moved to New York and quickly became head swimming instructor at the Harlem YMCA. In the channel frenzy, Gade promoted herself as the swimming mother of two. All the channel swimmers had separate trainers, support staff and calculators of the best tide and weather conditions. Each picked a time to attempt a crossing based on advice from trainers. Cannon was the first American to attempt the crossing that summer of 1926. She failed, but turned out to cheer on Ederle when she made her attempt days later. The book's cover photograph of Ederle wearing a swim cap and a smile announces the winner to all readers. And although Mortimer's overuse of partial quotes and clips makes his story choppy, in his re-creation of Ederle's crossing you can't help but feel cold, wet and exhausted. Ederle overcame bad weather and an unexpected tide change to win, prompting her trainer William Burgess to exclaim, "No man or woman ever made such a swim. It is past human understanding." In fact, Ederle's time — 14 hours and 39 minutes — beat the male record by a full two hours. Her triumph was as an athlete, no asterisk for gender. Mortimer quotes writer Heywood Broun on Ederle's crossing: "When Gertrude Ederle struck out from France she left behind her a world which has believed for a great many centuries that woman is the weaker vessel ... And when her toes touched the sands of England, she stepped out of the water and into a brand-new world." Copyright © 2008 The Seattle Times Company Excerpts From Histories Written About Gertrude Ederly: Swimmer Gertrude Ederle/Determination Helped Her Make A Record-Breaking English Channel Swim -- By Su	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,804	Which military operation of World War II had the codename 'Operation Dynamo'?	Operation Dynamo \| World War II Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The evacuation was ordered on 26 May 1940. Operating under the direction of Vice Admiral Ramsey, the evacuation was carried out, under the cover of RAF Fighter Command, by a force of destroyers, yachts and other vessels, [2] including a number of trawlers, cross channel ferries, pleasure steamers and cabin cruisers operated by their civilian owners, who declined to hand their craft over to the Royal Navy due to their determination to directly assist with the evacuation effort. [3] On 28 May, the deterioration in weather conditions resulted in the French coast being covered in very low cloud. This ensured that the Luftwaffe were unable to carry out attacks against the beach head, resulting in the evacuation of 17,084 troops. The following day, visibility in the area improved sufficiently to permit attacks against the evacuation fleet by Junkers Ju-87s of VIII Fligerkorps, supported by Junkers Ju 88s of KG30 and LG1. These attacks resulted in the loss of three escorting destroyers and damage to seven other ships. German losses amounted to fifteen Bf 109Es and a single Ju-88, shot down by the Boulton Paul Defiants of 264 Squadron. The return of bad weather on 31 May, which persisted over the next few days, led to the Ju-87s being grounded by fog. By the end of 31 May, a further 47,310 troops had been evacuated. [4] Thanks to the assistance of the civilian ships, Operation Dynamo resulted in the evacuation of 200,000 British troops, as well as 130,000 French and 10,000 from other nations. [3] The speed of the evacuation meant a lot of equipment had to be left behind, including a number of Boys Anti-tank rifles , which the Germans briefly used, as the 13.9mm Panzerabwehrbusche 792(e), to supplement their defences during the construction of the Atlantic Wall. [5] References	United States Relations with Russia: The Cold War United States Relations with Russia: The Cold War 1945-1949 1945-1946: Creation of Eastern European People's Republics Between November 1945 and December 1946, a number of the coalition governments established in the Eastern European countries occupied by Soviet troops during the war transformed into Communist "People's Republics" with strong ties to the Soviet Union. These included Yugoslavia (November 1945); Albania (January 1946); and Bulgaria (December 1946). The United States and Britain considered this an abrogation of agreements made at the Yalta Conference. February 1946: George Kennan's Long Telegram and the Policy of Containment On February 22, 1946, George F. Kennan, the Charg� d'Affaires at the Moscow Embassy, sent a long telegram to the Department of State detailing his concerns about Soviet expansionism. Kennan argued that the United States would never be able to cooperate successfully with the Soviets, because they saw the West as an enemy and would engage in a protracted battle to limit Western power and increase Soviet domination. Kennan argued that the United States should lead the West in "containing" the Soviets by exerting counterforce at various geographical and political points of conflict. Kennan published a public version of this argument in the July 1947 issue of the journal Foreign Affairs. Kennan's articulations of the policy of containment had a major influence on American foreign policy toward the Soviet Union. March 1946: Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech During a speech at Fulton, Missouri, on March 5, 1946, visiting British Prime Minister Winston Churchill proclaimed that Europe was divided by an "Iron Curtain" as the nations of Eastern Europe fell increasingly under Soviet control. Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia all fell under Communist control by early 1948. Spring 1946: Soviet Troops in Iran Responding to Iranian requests to the United Nations, on March 5, 1946, the United States sent a note to Moscow protesting the retention of Soviet troops in Iran, where Stalin wanted to establish Soviet influence. On April 3, the Soviet Union announced that its troops would leave by May 6. March 1947: Truman Doctrine The Soviets aimed also to establish influence over Turkey and Greece in an effort to seek access to the Mediterranean. President Truman delivered a speech before Congress on March 12, 1947, asking for $400 million to provide assistance for Greece and Turkey in the hopes of bolstering pro-Western governments there. In this speech, he enunciated the Truman Doctrine that would serve to justify the U.S. Cold War policy of containment. This doctrine described the U.S. policy of supporting free peoples who resisted subjugation from armed minorities or outside pressures. June 1947: U.S. Efforts to Control Atomic Energy In June 1947, the United States submitted proposals, know as the Baruch Plan, for the creation of an International Atomic Energy Development Authority to control all phases of the development and use of atomic energy. The United States offered to destroy its atomic weapons after international control and inspection became effective. The Soviet Union rejected the proposal. June 5, 1947: Marshall's Offer of Economic Assistance In a speech given at Harvard University on June 5, 1947, Secretary of State George C. Marshall offered U.S. assistance for the postwar economic rehabilitation of all European nations, including those that had adopted Communist governments. The Soviet Union denounced the Marshall Plan, saying it would infringe upon European sovereignty. Western European nations accepted Marshall's offer, while the Eastern European states followed Moscow's lead. 1948-1949: Berlin Airlift In the summer of 1948, the Soviet Union cut off access to the Western sectors of Berlin, situated in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany. The Western powers organized a massive airlift to supply West Berlin, and organized a counter-blockade of the Soviet zone. On May 12, 1949, the Soviets lifted their blocka	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,805	"What was the name of the boat belonging to the character Quinn that was used to hunt for the shark in the novel ""Jaws"" ?"	Jaws \| Jaws Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit A girl named Chrissie Watkins leaves a party on Amity Island and goes skinny dipping. While swimming out near a buoy, she is seized by something from below; it thrashes her around and drags her under the ocean. Chrissie is reported missing and her remains are later found on the beach by the Deputy of police chief Martin Brody . The medical examiner informs Brody that she was killed by a shark . Brody plans to close the beaches but is overruled by Mayor Larry Vaughan , who fears that reports of a shark attack will ruin the summer tourist season, the town's primary source of income. The medical examiner consequently attributes the death to a boating accident. Brody reluctantly goes along with the explanation. The shark then kills a young boy swimming at the beach. His mother places a bounty on the shark, sparking an amateur shark-hunting frenzy and attracting the attention of local professional shark hunter Quint , who offers to kill the shark for $10,000. Marine biologist Matt Hooper examines Chrissie's remains and determines that she was killed by a shark, not a boat. A large tiger shark is caught by fishermen, leading the townspeople to believe the problem is solved. Hooper asks to examine its stomach contents, but Vaughan refuses. That evening, Brody and Hooper secretly open the shark's stomach and discover that it does not contain human remains. They head out to sea to find the shark, but instead find the wreckage of a boat belonging to local fisherman Ben Gardner. Hooper explores the vessel underwater and discovers a sizable shark's tooth protruding from the damaged hull before he is startled by Gardner's corpse, causing him to drop the tooth. Without evidence, Vaughan refuses to close the beaches or hire Quint. Many tourists arrive on the Fourth of July. The children's prank causes panic at the main beach while the shark enters a nearby estuary and kills a man. Brody's son Michael , who narrowly escapes the attack, goes into shock. Brody finally convinces Vaughan to hire Quint, and Quint reluctantly allows Hooper and Brody to join the hunt. The three set out to kill the shark aboard Quint's vessel, The Orca . Brody is given the task of laying a chum line but an enormous great white looms up behind the boat, and the trio watch it circle the Orca. Quint estimates its size as twenty-five feet in length, with a weight of over three tons. He harpoons it with a line attached to a flotation barrel, but the shark pulls the barrel underwater and disappears. The men retire to the cabin, where Quint relates his experience with sharks as a survivor of the sinking of the USS Indianapolis. The shark returns, damages the hull and slips away. It reappears in the morning. Brody attempts to call the U.S. Coast Guard, but Quint destroys the radio, enraging Brody. After a long chase, Quint harpoons two more barrels to the shark, and the men tie them both to the stern, but the shark drags the boat backwards, forcing water onto the deck and flooding the engine. Quint severs the line to prevent the transom from being cut. He then heads toward shore, hoping to draw it into shallow waters and suffocate it. In his obsession to kill the shark, Quint burns out the Orca's engine. With the boat immobilized, the trio attempt a desperate approach: Hooper dons scuba gear and enters the ocean inside a shark proof cage, intending to lethally inject the shark with a hypodermic spear filled with strychnine. The shark attacks and demolishes the cage from behind, causing Hooper to drop the spear before he can inject it. When the shark becomes entangled in the wrecked cage, Hooper escapes and hides in the seabed. The shark then leaps onto the boat and attacks it directly, crushing the transom. Quint slides down the deck and is devoured alive by the shark. When the shark attacks again, Brody shoves a pressurized scuba tank into its mouth, then takes Quint's rifle and climbs the sinking Orca's mast. The shark, with the tank still in its mouth, begins swimming toward Brody, who shoots the tank, causing it to ex	St. Vitus Dance \| Miami Vice Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Living on a yacht in a Miami marina helped Crockett to keep his lives as an undercover detective and drug dealing middleman Sonny Burnett separate. The lack of a fixed address also helped him to stay "off the radar" and made him harder to find, even when the St. Vitus was docked at its usual berth, and Crockett's watch-gator Elvis helped ensure anyone who did find his home was given a hostile welcome. The yacht provided Crockett with an unorthodox residence for entertaining his (usually female) guests, as seen frequently in the series; both Gina and Theresa Lyons regularly stayed on the yacht, and associates from his undercover work, such as Jake Pierson , would often visit him there to discuss business. Occasionally, Crockett's yacht played a more active role in his assignments, such as when he used it to "vanish" witnesses Al Lombard in " Lombard " or Keith Mollis in " Line of Fire ", taking them out to sea on the St. Vitus where it would be more difficult for potential hitmen to find and get close to them. In the latter operation, the sailboat was badly shot up by gunmen from the Cantero organisation when they discovered its location due to a departmental leak, firing on the yacht from a helicopter. The vessel was apparently repaired soon after, as Crockett continued to use it as his residence for the remainder of the series, finally saying goodbye when he quit the Metro-Dade police force at the end of " Freefall ". Real Boats Edit The St. Vitus was portrayed by three different yachts during the course of the show's five seasons. In the pilot episode , Crockett lived on a Cabo Rico 38 sailboat, which changed to an Endeavour 40 once the show was picked up as a series. At the start of season 2 , the boat changed to a larger Endeavour 42, although some footage of the Endeavour 40 was still used in some episodes (likely stock footage filmed during season 1 ). By season 3 , the Endeavour 42 was the only boat seen, and would remain so for the rest of the series. It was never stated on the show if these boats were supposed to be the same yacht, or whether they were supposed to be three different vessels each christened the St. Vitus Dance -- however, the use of both the 40 and the 42 during season 2 implies the former. Notes	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,806	What is the leather made from shark's skin called?	Processing Shark Skin into Rawhide Processing Shark Skin into Rawhide by Dino Labiste If you live near the ocean, there is bound to be a fishing port somewhere along the coast. Where there are fishing boats, there are fish markets nearby to sell the marine catches from the fishermen. Some of these fish markets will have shark meat to sell for public consumption. Most of the shark meat sold will have the skin attached. You may either buy the whole meat with the skin or talk to the owners to see if they will give you only the shark skin. To begin the process of turning your shark skin into rawhide, start by separating the skin from the meat with a knife. Be careful not to cut into the skin. You'll find bits of meat and stringy membrane still attached to the underside of the skin. With a butter knife, placed at 90 degrees to the underside of the skin, scrape off as much of the remaining meat and membrane as possible. You may or may not use the next procedure. This involves soaking the shark skin in a jar of urine for a day or two. Some indigenous cultures have used this process to dissolve any fatty tissue or loose meat from animal hides, thus making the cleaning process a lot easier. For additional information on urine tanning, read Lotta Rahme's book, entitled "Leather: Preparation and Tanning by Traditional Methods". I have used the urine solution on salmon skin, since the salmon skin is greasy. The photo above shows a finished, processed salmon skin glued to a piece of leather that I used for a shoulder pad on my quiver strap. Soaking the shark skin in urine didn't do much for the cleaning process, since the skin was not fatty to begin with. The urine bath did soften thin layers of meat still clinging to the skin, thus making it easier to scrape off. I thoroughly rinsed the shark skin in fresh water to get rid of any urine odor after soaking in the urine solution for 2 days. I also squirted some antibacterial soap into the water to rinse out any further urine smell. I then took a butter knife and did a final scraping of the underside of the skin. You'll notice from the photo that not very much membrane was scraped off. If you do a good job at the beginning of scraping the underside of the skin, you don't have to do the urine bath. Squeeze out as much of the water from the shark skin. Stretch out the skin and tack it to a cardboard to dry. The cardboard will help to absorb some of the excess water. As the shark skin dries, it will shrink on the cardboard and may pull the tacks loose. Inspect the skin every now and then and remount any loose tacks. After the skin has totally dried, you will need to thin out the skin. With some kind of scraping implement (I used my hide scraper), scrape the underside of the shark skin. If you don't have a hide scraper, use your knife (not the butter knife, but a sharp knife) at a 90 degree angle. Be careful not to cut into the skin. Further abrading can be done with a pumice stone or sand paper. Thin the shark skin according to what you will be using the rawhide for. Shark skin rawhide. NOTE: The process above will only take the shark skin to the stiff rawhide stage. The denticles are still attached to the skin. This is not a method to tan the shark skin into supple leather. Historically, shark skin has been used as an abrasive and, in Asia, to decorate sword hilts and sheaths. Dried, but untanned skin, called shagreen, was once used like fine sandpaper for polishing wood. Shagreen was also used for the membranes on drums in the South Pacific. The most characteristic feature of shark skin is its roughness, resulting from the placoid scales, or denticles, embedded in the skin. It was not until World War I, however, that a way of tanning the skins of large shark was found. The breakthrough was made when a chemical process that could remove the denticles without affecting the tanning process of the hides was developed. Scientists, today, realize that these powerful creatures play a vital role in the intricate balance that makes up the oceans' ecosystem. Brutal modern f	Bbcknowledge201202 by Rewel Acosta Rivera - issuu issuu Dirt is good for you: Curbing our hygiene obsession p61 www.knowledgemagazine.in Volume 2 Issue 2 February 2012 ` 100 SCIENCE • HISTORY • NATURE • FOR THE CURIOUS MIND A history of the in natural objects Surprising objects that illustrate the human journey p24 Plus: How the Homo sapiens beat other hominids to become the only surviving species p66 UP, CLOSE & personal WITH PANAMA BATS p36 DINOSAUR DISCOVERIES LED BY LUCK p46 Q&A: If our body cells are replaced, why do we age? p80 SECRETS OF THE STONEHENGE REVEALED p56 On the cover Portfolio February 2012 FEATURE PORTFOLIO IN HERE Panama Bats Panama’s forests are home to a vast array of bats, each uniquely adapted to exploit the habitat. Photographs by Christian Ziegler XXX February Jan/Feb 2012 2011 XXX REFLECTED GLORY The skies above Barro Colorado Island teem with thousands of bats. This 1600-hectare rainforest oasis in Lake Gatún in the Panama Canal offers such an abundance and variety of food and roosts that 74 different species of bat live here. Each species has evolved unique physical adaptations, roost preferences, flight zones and foraging strategies that enable it to avoid competition with its neighbours. Some, such as this greater bulldog bat (Noctilio leporinus), specialise in hunting fish. Flying low over a pool at night, the bat skillfully plucks its quarry from just beneath the water’s surface. Using echolocation, it can detect tiny ripples as the fish move through the water. 43 SCIENCE 46 Blast from the Past Digging for dinosaur bones has a lot to do with luck, as Cavan Scott discovers SECRETS OF STONEHENGE science The secrets of STONEHENGE After the recent discovery of a second henge, Robert Matthews investigates how cutting-edge tech looks set to uncover even more archaeological sites 62 this new view are revelations provided by the seemingly miraculous powers of 21st-century science, from groundpenetrating radar and magnetometry to GPS technology. The power of these techniques was demonstrated in July last year, when an international team of archaeologists made headlines worldwide with an astonishing discovery near Stonehenge. After just nine days of searching, the team uncovered 3 evidence for an entire new structure on Salisbury Plain: a 25-metre wide walled ditch or ‘henge’, containing a circle of pits. Situated less than a kilometre from Stonehenge, the structure is believed to be as old, and to have had a similar appearance, its ditches aligned with the more famous structure. The discovery has been hailed as the fi rst major ceremonial site to be discovered near Stonehenge for half a century. Yet anyone visiting the site would fail to see anything, as the newly discovered henge lies buried several metres beneath the surface. Its presence was revealed to the world by the techniques being pioneered during the three-year project that began last summer. February 2012 56 The Secrets of Stonehenge Avant-garde technology has made the discovery of the second henge possible Science A history of world in 100 Natural Objects A history of the 100 NATURAL OBJECTS 100 in 02 ARTHROPOD EXOSKELETO N Arthropods (insects, spiders, crustaceans and their relatives) have become highly successful. Some are very numerous, but none are very big. often depict giant creepy-crawliesYet science-fiction films conquering our world. impossible! Arthropods It’s have an external skeleton and must moult it to grow, so are weak and immobilised until a larger one forms and hardens. In other words, they cannot get bigger than the maximum survivable size without a skeleton, and, as a result, the largest spiders and insects weigh less than a small rat. 03 BALEEN PLATE NATURAL OBJECTS Whales in the suborder Mysticeti have 100 or so of these tough but flexible structures hanging from their upper jaws. They scoop up massive mouthfuls of seawater, then use their tongues to force it out through the baleen plates, trapping plankton. Thus, the world’s largest animals have no need for the teeth so characteristic of most other mammals. Bale	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,807	What part of mainland Europe was English territory for 200 years from the mid 14th century?	What are the origins of English? - Quora Quora Answer Wiki 21 Answers Quora User, made noise with supercharged methanol engines, traveled the world and gets plenty of economical input Written Jan 31, 2014 If anybody cares and since I think a little "real life" experience here doesn't hurt: Up here in north west Germany a lot of people in the countryside still speak low german - which is still somewhat close to "old english". (I once read, the christian missionaries for the area here all came from England, as they could still speak to the local people). There is this nice little "low german poem", that in a way can make sense to english speakers. I will give a very direct translation so you can get how a lot of the words are related - as well as the high german translation below, to give you an idea how some expressions are just totally different in that. This low german btw. has very little in common with what e.g. the Amish and Mennonites consider as "Plattdietsch". What they speak all sounds "swiss / swabian" to me and I don't understand a thing of that. Anyways, here we go: LG: Dat du min Leevsten büst, dat du woll weest. EN: That you my (most) loved are, that you well know HG: Dass du mein Liebster bist, das du wohl weißt LG: Kom bi de Nacht, kom bi de Nacht, segg wo du heest. EN: Come by the night, come by the night say how you (are called). HG: Komme in der Nacht, komme in der Nacht, sag wie du heisst. LG: Kom du um Middernacht, kom du Klock een EN: Come you by midnight, come you clock one HG: Kommst du um MItternacht, kommst du um ein Uhr Vader slöpt, Moder slöpt, ick slap aleen. Father sleeps, mother sleeps, I sleep alone Vater schläft, Mutter schläft, ich schlafe alleine Klopp an de Kammerdör, fat an de Klink! Knock on the chamber door, grap the clink Klopfe an die Zimmertür, fass an die Klinke Vader meent, Moder meent, dat deit de Wind. Father means, mother means, that does the wind Vater meint, Mutter meint, das tut der Wind Kummt denn de Morgenstund, kreiht de ol Hahn. Comes then the morning hour, crows the old rooster Kommt dann die Morgenstunde, kräht der alte Hahn Leevster min Leevster min, denn mösst du gahn! Most loved my most loved my, then must you go! Liebster mein, Liebster mein, dann musst du gehen! Since the low german here is spelled "the german way", it sounds totally off pronounced in english. For luck, there is this version of it by Hannes Wader, underlined with an irish folk song. Unfortunatly, as Hannes is from the city of Bielefeld a bit further south, it's a little different, but you'll get correct pronunciation there. and here is the "History of English" in 11 minutes: Updated Sep 28, 2013 England I really want to leave it at that, but I am infamously thorough, especially when answering questions such as these. Waaaaay back during the middle-ages, there were two tribes living in Northern Germany. One of them (which held a lot of territory in modern day Denmark) were called the Angles, the other, (which bordered them to the South) were called Saxons. The languages they spoke were so similar, that many modern linguists consider them to be the same language, often called "Anglo-Saxon" or sometimes, "Old English" At this time however, the language was more like modern German. Here is an example of Old English/Anglo-Saxon. wiges weorðmynd, þæt him his winemagas georne hyrdon, oðð þæt seo geogoð geweox, magodriht micel. Him on mod bearn þæt healreced hatan wolde, medoærn micel, men gewyrcean -Beowulf Near the end of the classical period (~100BC), mainland Europeans discovered the British Isles, which were then populated by Celts. The Romans were pushed out, but Vikings, Angles, and Saxons began colonizing Great Britain. The two tribes began to mix, and soon the name "Angelcynn", derived from the Angle tribe, came to refer to all of the German colonists, and they founded the Kingdom of England, and their combined language became known as English (what we now call Old English). In this image you can see the colonies of the Anglo-Saxon tribes. Most of	A journey with tennis through time - The Championships, Wimbledon 2017 - Official Site by IBM A journey with tennis through time Wimbledon.com is marking National Sports Heritage Day with this blog to take a look back at not only how past events have affected tennis but also how the sport has impacted on history READ MORE By Bianca Harrisskitt The Championships at Wimbledon have long been a key part of the British sporting calendar. Talented tennis players, Henman Hill and strawberries and cream have all played their part in enshrining Wimbledon’s iconic place in Britain’s sporting heritage. However, the game of tennis has a long history dating back to the 14th century. From advancements in game play to tennis related deaths, tennis-inspired fashion and even a tennis-incited war, this blog post considers not only how past events have affected tennis but also how the sport has impacted on history. Have a look through and see how much tennis history you really know! 14TH CENTURY Did you know that tennis has been an important part of life in Britain since the 14th century? It is widely believed that the game we now know as tennis first emerged from early ball games which involved using hitting a ball back and forth using the palm of the hand, popular in the Southern regions of Europe. This game was given the name Jeu de Paume (game of the hand or hand ball). Despite the tensions between Britain and France during the 14th and 15th centuries, one thing they had in common was a love for Jeu de Paume, with the game spreading from France to Britain in the mid-14th century. 24 May 1337 Hundred Years' War between England and France begins. 7 July 1348 'Black Death' enters Britain On average, between 30% and 45% of the general populace died. 30 September 1399 Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 15TH CENTURY Developments in game play/equipment In the first half of the 15th century a stiff double glove started to be widely used in Jeu de Paume in order to avoid nasty broken fingers! Did you know that tennis balls played a role is kicking off the Battle of Agincourt? Henry V was the first monarch who played tennis regularly. In 1414, he allegedly received some tennis balls from France’s Dauphin, an act which he chose to interpret as a grave insult following the breakdown of recent negotiations. Shakespeare even wrote about the event, stating that the balls were sent to signify the king’s wild youth. After this ‘provocation’ Henry V sailed to France to meet with them in battle. Recent historians have questioned whether any balls were actually sent; nevertheless, the story certainly legitimised Henry’s decision to embark on the Agincourt campaign. Did you know that King James I of Scotland met a grizzly end due to his love of tennis? In 1437 at the Blackfriars in Perth, the drain outlet through which the King hoped to escape when the building was invaded by dissident Scottish nobles had been blocked, to prevent the loss of tennis balls when the King was playing in the courtyard. James was trapped and killed. Developments in game play/equipment: By the second half of the 15th century wooden battoirs, covered with parchment, were starting to be used. This soon developed into the use of strung rackets, usually made with sheep gut or silk stringing. By the 16th century, the game had moved to an enclosed playing area, and the rules had stabilized and thus Real Tennis was born. The game was particularly popular amongst European royalty and was referred to solely as ‘tennis’. 20 March 1413 Henry IV dies and is succeeded by his son, Henry V. 25 October 1415 Henry V defeats the French at the Battle of Agincourt. 21 May 1420 Charles VI cedes France to Henry V in the Treaty of Troyes. 1424 James I crowned King of Scotland in 1424 at Scone in Perthshire. 22 May 1455 - 22 August 1485 Wars of the Roses. 16TH CENTURY Did you know that Anne Boleyn was watching tennis when she was arrested on the 2nd May 1536? Real tennis received growing popularity under Henry the VIII and throughout his reign he doubled the number of courts he owned by building te	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,808	Liberty Island in New York harbour was formerly known as what?	History of Liberty Island (New York) - Home Home History of Liberty Island (New York) The History Of Liberty Island (The Timeline) The History Of Liberty Island,goes hand in hand with the Statue of Liberty to most of us,and we all know the island where it stands,must have a history as well. We've all heard of Liberty Island,we associate it with New York,and associate it with the home of the Statue of Liberty representing freedom in this land. Snow Roof Rakes 950 A.D. The detailed history of the island dates back as far as 950 A.D. when the Native American people would travel out to the Island to collect Oysters.The Island itself was named after being bountiful in Oyster Beds,which was a main source of food to the various tribes in the area.This went on for 100's of years. Unfortunately,the oyster beds are long gone,and only remembered in the history books.Development took it's course on the Island through several centuries,and by the the turn of the 19th put an end to them. However,we're not here to talk about the Oyster Beds that once were.We're here to discuss the detailed history of Liberty Island.To the almost 15 acres of land,to the name,and to those who once set foot here.Lots of history here,that's kinda fun to know if you're a history buff like me. If all your curiosity is about the Island,when it was officially named Liberty Island.That was in 1956,when an act of Congress officially made it so.Even though it's been called Liberty Island since the turn of the 18th century,Congress felt it was time it was made official. The beginning It's really hard to start at a beginning that's in most of our minds as an understanding,regarding this magnificent island.So what we'll do here is just touch briefly from the ealiest history we know of.In other words,words put to pen by others,on the interesting history of Liberty Island through there eyes.Even though some of the authors could have offered a bit more expression,and opinion on their personal thoughts.Just as we do writing history. We all know of Liberty Island,because that's where the Statue of Liberty is.France gave us this wonderful gift of friendship.A symbol known through out the world as of freedom & democracy. The dedication of The Statue of Liberty took place Oct.28th - 1886 Then in 1924 was designated as a National Monument. Now prior to all this,more history took place that we'd like to share with you. It should be no suprise to you,that the first people to set foot on the island were Native Americans.This was once territory of the Algonquian Tribes,and they visited the island for the mass oysters to collect,which was one of their main food staples. The island at one time had the name Oyster Islands,because it was named after a chain of 3 islands,which all were used as gathering oysters at one time.Hard to imagine now when one steps foot on the island. 1500's Then some time in the early - mid 1500's the Europeans began their quest for riches,new land,adventure,and along with them explorers looking for water passages to the Pacific Ocean.I think some of you might remember the name "Henry Hudson" back in highscool,that's if they still teach some of this history anymore. 1609 He was hired by the Dutch to find the passage.Of course he never found it,because it never existed,but he did establish a colony when he arrived in New York Harbor in 1609,right along side the Hudson River which was later on named after him. The Native Americans and Europeans got along well,and in this early part of history the Europeans stuck to their treaties with the Native American Tribes in the area.Good trading took place,and the tribes help assist these new arrivals to make their lives tolerable in the new world. 1614 One such treaty was a trading agreement in 1614 between the tribes in what is now the greater New York area,and the Dutch settlers. The treaty gave the Dutch three years of exclusive rights to collect furs and hunt for pelts on the their lands. Metal goods were given in return,which helped make the Native Americans lives easier as well.Such as metal cooking pots,axes,kn	enter name and hit return Find in Page BROOKLYN NEIGHBORHOODS.. Present & Past BATH BEACH & FORT HAMILTON Named for the famous watering place of Bath, England, this territory consisted mostly of farmlands and forests until the 1870s when affluent families built summer homes in the area. The neighborhood is on Gravesend Bay. Bounded by Shore Parkway along Gravesend Bay to the south, 86th Street to the north, 14th Avenue to the west and 23rd Avenue to the east. Early summer resort for wealthy New Yorkers. BAY RIDGE 1873 MAP Was originally part of a tract of land that was purchased from the Nyack Indians in 1652 and settled by the Dutch in 1653. It lies at the southwestern tip of Brooklyn. The area was originally called Yellow Hook for the yellow clay found there. But after an outbreak of yellow fever in 1853 its name grew out of favor and it became known as Bay Ridge. FORT HAMILTON 1873 MAP Named after Alexander Hamilton. Today, the fort, built in 1831 to protect the Narrows. Strategically situated at the entrance to New York Harbor, it was the site where the Continental Army barraged the British ship H.M.S. Asia in 1776. BEDFORD-STUYVESANT Named after the Duke of Bedford & the town of Stuyvesant (namesake of New Amsterdam Governor, Peter Stuyvesant), the area was originally part of the land purchased by the Dutch in the 1640s. This farmland turned residential after the American Revolution. The area was originally comprised of two distinct sections with two separate histories. The neighborhood name is derived from the joining of two 19th-century middle-income communities: Bedford to the west and Stuyvesant Heights to the east. The woodlands of Bedford were purchased in the mid-1600s by the Dutch West Indies Company from the Canarsee Indians, and the land was used as a farming village inhabited by Dutch farmers and black slaves. Over the years, farmland was gradually divided into housing lots. By 1873, the population had reached 14,000, and included Irish, Germans, Jews, Scots, Dutch and free blacks. Further growth was spurred in the 1880s by the opening of the elevated railway and then the Brooklyn Bridge; by 1920, the population had grown to 45,000. BEDFORD was a modest Dutch village established in 1663, STUYVESANT was an upscale community built in the 1890s, In 1835, a portion of Stuyvesant was sold, combining the two. STUYVESANT HEIGHTS ghost neghborhoods: BEDFORD / CROW HILL BEDFORD CORNERS CARRVILLE : Formed by the merger of two communities: Bedford and Stuyvesant Heights. Freed slaves bought land here after slavery was abolished in New York in 1827 WEEKSVILLE BENSONHURST Originally settled by the Dutch in 1661 as part of the town of New Utrecht, today it is bordered by 61 St, McDonald Ave, Gravesend Bay and 14th Ave. Includes the areas known as Mapleton and New Utrecht, whose origins date back to the late 1880s when the Benson farm was parceled into 20 x 100 foot lots and sold to newly arrived immigrants. * The New Utrecht Reformed Church , (1827 84 Street) constructed in 1828 as the center of the original Dutch settlement. During the time of the British occupation (1776-1783), Bensonhurst residents erected flagpoles, (liberty poles), on which they raised the flag of independence, as a sign of derision for the British. The liberty pole that stands on the lawn of The New Utrecht Reformed Church marks the site of the first liberty pole. BERGEN BEACH Named after the descendants of Hans Hansen BERGEN, a Dutch settler of the 17th century. GEORGETOWN BOERUM HILL Bounded by 4 Avenue, State, Warren and Court Streets, named for the colonial farm of the Dutch BOERUM family. Developed in the mid-1800s BOROUGH PARK Settled in the 1880s by major landowners in the area, it was originally named Blythebourne, while a neighboring expanse of land was called Borough Park. The influx of more and more Eastern Europeans into Borough Park caused its expansion into, and overtaking of, the Blythebourne area. MAPLETON ghost neighborhood: Blythebourne BRIGHTON BEACH Named after the British sea resort Bri	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,809	By what pen-name do we better know the Belgian artist Georges Remy, whose work has sold over 350 million copies?	The walls of the comic strip walk in detail The walls of the comic strip walk in detail Add to favourites Share: Brussels loves comic strips so much it has invited its heroes to take possession of its walls and gables. Discover all the details and mysteries here! …. Go ahead and hunt them down, walk the Brussels streets and raise your eyes! A joyful stroll for enthusiasts and the inquisitive from 7 to 77 years of age. And for those who don't want to miss a thing, the mini-map of the comic strip itinerary is available at the visit.brussels tourist information centres (€1). 1. Tintin Feel like bumping into Belgium's most famous comic strip hero? Then head for rue de l'Etuve, which is home to Manneken Pis. But it's unlikely that Tintin, his dog Snowy and his friend Captain Haddock will have time to chat with you. The ace reporter and the foul-mouthed whisky lover are up to their ears in an adventure again. We even know which adventure. The drawing comes from The Calculus Affair. The eighteenth album in the series sees Professor Calculus abducted, first by Bordurian and then by Syldavian secret agents. He has invented an ultrasonic weapon that both countries would like to misemploy. Tintin and Haddock do their utmost to free their confused friend. Nearly 30 years after Hergé's death, 1 million copies of his albums are still being sold each year. Tintin is published in 77 languages. None other than Steven Spielberg came up with the 2011 all-action animated film "The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn". Hergé, the pen name of Brussels cartoonist Georges Prosper Remi (1907-1983), is considered one of the greatest comic strip authors of all time. His debut came in 1929 in "Le Petit Vingtième", the weekly youth supplement of the Catholic magazine "Le Vingtième Siècle". His streamlined drawing style (the famous "ligne claire") is famous and many regard his drawings as art. But his sense of movement, suspense, humour, adventure and great storytelling are equally important reasons why Tintin has never ceased to enthral readers. Where ? Rue de l'Étuve, 1000 Brussels Author : Hergé Publisher: Casterman 2. The Passage Internationally renowned comic book authors François Schuiten and Benoît Peeters like to suggest that the universe they depict in their Obscure Cities cycle really exists. The cities and worlds revealed in illustrious titles like Brüsel, Fever in Urbicand, The Archivist and L'Enfant Penché (The Leaning Child) resemble our own, yet are totally different. Are the dazzling, virtuoso drawings developments of visions of what the future might look like, but drawn in the past? Perspective changes with thinkers such as Jules Verne, Jose Luis Borges, Le Corbusier, Victor Horta and Franz Kafka in mind? Think up some of your own. Through lectures, exhibitions, and a comprehensive guide to the obscure cities and websites (www.urbicande.be), Schuiten and Peeters encourage everyone to cast their own light on The Obscure Cities. This works better if you already visited Brussels. The Palace of the Three Powers in Brüsel is the Palais de Justice building designed by architect Poelaert. The Great Hall of Zarbec very much looks like Schaarbeek railway station. The glasshouse city of Calvani must have come into existence after a visit to the Royal Greenhouses of Laken. On their website, Schuiten and Peeters have contended for years that passages exist. Passageways between the Earth and the so-called Counter-Earth, between Brussels and Brüsel. Is the comic strip mural in rue du Marché au Charbon an example of this kind of passageway? The bell tower in the centre of the fresco looks exactly like that of Notre Dame du Bon Secours just up the road. Intriguingly, not all of the blank brick facade is painted over. And did you immediately notice that the shadow figures are drawn at the bottom? Where ? Rue du Marché au Charbon 19, 1000 Brussels Authors : François Schuiten & Benoît Peeters Publisher : Casterman 3. The Scorpion Go uphill from the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula to Treurenberg and you will come across Armando	Hergé \| Tintin Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia "I seek above all to tell a story…and to tell it clearly." —Hergé Georges Prosper Remi (22 May 1907 - 3 March 1983 ), better known by the pen name Hergé, was a Belgian comics writer and artist. "Hergé" is the French pronunciation of "RG," or his initials reversed. His best known and most substantial work is The Adventures of Tintin comic book series, which he wrote and illustrated from 1929 until his death in 1983, leaving the twenty-fourth Tintin adventure Tintin and Alph-Art unfinished. His work remains a strong influence on comics, particularly in Europe. He was inducted into the Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2003 . Contents Biography Childhood and early career Georges Prosper Remi was born in 1907 in Etterbeek, in Brussels, Belgium to middle class parents, Alexis Remi and his wife Elisabeth Dufour. [1] His four years of primary schooling coincided with World War I (1914–1918), during which Brussels was occupied by the German Empire. Georges, who displayed an early affinity for drawing, filled the margins of his earliest schoolbooks with doodles of the German invaders. [2] Except for a few drawing lessons which he later took at l'école Saint-Luc he never had any formal training in the visual arts. In 1920 he began studying in the collège Saint-Boniface, a secondary school where the teachers were Catholic priests. [3] Georges joined the Boy Scouts troop of the school, where he was given the totemic name "Renard curieux" (Curious fox). Recently an old strip by him was found on a wall of this school. [4] His first drawings were published in 1922 in Jamais assez, the school's Scout paper, and in Le Boy-Scout Belge, the Scout monthly magazine. [5] From 1924, he signed his illustrations using the pseudonym "Hergé." [6] His subsequent comics work would be heavily influenced by the ethics of the Scouting movement, as well as the early travel experiences he made with the Scout association. [7] On finishing school in 1925 Georges worked at the Catholic newspaper Le XXe Siècle under the editor Norbert Wallez, a Catholic abbot who kept a photograph of Mussolini in his office. [8] The following year, he published his first cartoon series, Totor , in the Scouting magazine Le Boy-Scout Belge. [9] In 1928, he was put in charge of producing material for the Le XXe Siècle's new weekly supplement for children, Le Petit Vingtième . He began illustrating The Adventures of Flup, Nénesse, Poussette, and Cochonnet, a strip written by a member of the newspaper's sports staff, but soon became dissatisfied with this series. Wallez asked Remi to create a young hero, a Catholic reporter who would fight for good all over the world. [8] He decided to create a comic strip of his own, which would adopt the recent American innovation of using speech balloons to depict words coming out of the characters' mouths, inspired by their use by established French comics author Alain St. Ogan. [10] Tintin in the Land of the Soviets (1929) Tintin in the Land of the Soviets , by "Hergé," appeared in the pages of Le Petit Vingtième on 10 January 1929, and ran until 8 May 1930 . The strip chronicled the adventures of a young reporter named Tintin and his pet fox terrier Snowy (Milou) as they journeyed through the Soviet Union. The character of Tintin was partly inspired by Georges's brother Paul Remi, an officer in the Belgian army. In January 1930 Hergé introduced Quick & Flupke (Quick et Flupke), a new comic strip about two street urchins from Brussels, in the pages of Le Petit Vingtième. For many years, Hergé continued to produce this less well-known series in parallel with his Tintin stories. In June he began the second Tintin adventure, Tintin in the Congo (then the colony of Belgian Congo), followed by Tintin in America and Cigars of the Pharaoh . On 20 July 1932 he married Germaine Kieckens , the secretary of the director of the Le XXe Siècle, [8] whom he had first met in 1927. [11] They had no children, and eventually divorced in 1977 . [12] The early Tintin adventures each took about a year to complete, upon whic	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,810	In a castle, what was a garderobe?	Bedrooms, Bathing and Indoor Plumbing and what did they do without indoor plumbing? Solars and Squints Castle lords and ladies generally lived in the upper stories of the keep in a room called a solar. These might be divided with partitions, but the main feature of the room would be the bed. The lord's bed would be made with a heavy wooden frame and have a canopy that would be pulled back during daylight hours. Comfort was provided with feather mattresses and springs made from interlaced ropes or staps. These beds would be dismantled taken with the lord when he traveled. Lords and ladies might have kept separate chambers, each accompanied by their attendants who would sleep on palettes, benches, or small mattresses on the floor. Medieval furniture included intricately carved wooden chests for clothing and wall pegs to hang robes. A small stool might have been in the room to be used while dressing. Armchairs became popular in the late Middle Ages. Castle guests, the lord's eldest son and the castle steward would occupy chambers on higher levels. These rooms would be equipped with peepholes calls squints that were used to monitor the activity below. Tubs and the Bathman Bathing was done in wooden tubs padded with cloth. Privacy provided by tents or canopies. When the lord traveled, the tub traveled with him, maintained by a bathman who was also responsible for heating the water. In warmer weather the tub might be placed outside near the garden while during the winter the bathing would be done close to a chamber fireplace. Some castles in the late Middle Ages engineered hot and cold running water to certain rooms in the castle, but these were rare. Other castles had permanent "bath rooms" with tiled floors. Medieval Garderobes and Gong Farmers Even the grandest castle didn't have bathroom facilities. Usually latrines or garderobes would be built into a castle wall overhanging the ground or water below. Some garderobes had wooden seats but many were simply carved into the castle stone. These could be quite uncomfortable, especially in the winter! Iron bars were placed on some garderobe chutes to keep invading armies from using them as a point of entry. Garderobes would be placed near bedchambers and other parts of the castle, some partitioned with screens for privacy, but many were rather exposed. Chamber pots were popular throughout the Middle Ages and straw was used as Medieval toilet paper. Larger castles had dedicated latrine towers, and the person with the unsavory job of emptying the latrine was called a gong farmer.	Gaberdine - Encyclopedia Gaberdine GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES GABERDINE, or Gabardine, any long, loose over-garment, reaching to the feet and girt round the waist. It was, when made of coarse material,commonly worn in the middle ages by pilgrims, beggars and almsmen. The Jews, conservatively attached to the loose and flowing garments of the East, continued to wear the long upper garment to which the name "gaberdine" could be applied, long after it had ceased to be a common form as worn by non-Jews, and to this day in some parts of Europe, e.g. in Poland, it is still worn, while the tendency to wear the frockcoat very long and loose is a marked characteristic of the race. The fact that in the middle ages the Jews were forbidden to engage in handicrafts also, no doubt, tended to stereotype a form of dress unfitted for manual labour. The idea of the "gaberdine" being enforced by law upon the Jews as a distinctive garment is probably due to Shakespeare's use in the Merchant of Venice, I. iii. 113. The mark that the Jews were obliged to wear generally on the outer garment was the badge. This was first enforced by the fourth Lateran Council of 1215. The "badge" (Lat. rota; Fr. rouelle, wheel) took generally the shape of a circle of cloth worn on the breast. It varied in colour at different times. In France it was of yellow, later of red and white; in England it took the form of two bands or stripes, first of white, then of yellow. In Edward I.'s reign it was made in the shape of the Tables of the Law (see the Jewish Encyclopedia, s.v. "Costume" and "Badge"). The derivation of the word is obscure. It apparently occurs first in O. Fr. in the forms gauverdine, galvardine, and thence into Ital. as gavardina, and Span. gabardine, a form which has influenced the English word. The New English Dictionary suggests a connexion with the O.H. Ger. wallevart, pilgrimage. Skeat (Etym. Dict., 1898) refers it to Span. gaban, coat, cloak; cabana, hut, cabin. - Please bookmark this page (add it to your favorites). - If you wish to link to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL address below this line. http://www.theodora.com/encyclopedia/g/gaberdine.html Copyright © 1995-2011 ITA all rights reserved. Encyclopedia Alphabetically	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,811	Donald Tusk has been the Prime Minister of which country since 2007?	Donald Tusk, the new head of Europe - Telegraph EU Donald Tusk, the new head of Europe Tusk has also long been a proponent of free markets, privatisation and minimal government interference - a stance that should made him a natural ally of the UK Donald Tusk, president of the European Council Photo: AFP By Matthew Day, in Warsaw and Bruno Waterfeld in Brussels 7:00AM BST 31 Aug 2014 Initially reluctant to leave national politics, Donald Tusk, Poland’s prime minister was persuaded by his wife Malgorzata for the “prestige, better money and less problems at work” that come with a top Brussels job at the top of EU officialdom renowned for its “gravy train” pay and perks. Mr Tusk currently earns 240,000 zloty a year, a salary that is worth just €60,000 (£47,500) a year, making him one of the lowest paid EU leaders. In the EU post, he will earn over five times with a pay and perks package worth well over €300,000 a year, including a personal motorcade of five limousines. That Mr Tusk could step into some of Europe’s biggest shoes has surprised many in Poland. Unlike Radek Sikorski, his ardently Europhile foreign minister, he has never made any public declaration of seeking a job in Brussels - even last month saying that he intended to stay in Poland - and has never really outlined in depth his views on Europe. Senior EU officials have described a growing consensus building around Mr Tusk, who is supported by Germany, as the star of his main rival, Helle Thorning-Schmidt, the Danish prime minister and daughter-in-law of Lord Kinnock, wanes. “It is a progressive consensus. Her name is Angela Merkel,” joked a Brussels ambassador. Earlier last week, perhaps seeking to curry favour in Berlin, David Cameron added his support to Mr Tusk’s bandwagon. Related Articles Merkel under pressure to ditch 'blackmailing' Cameron in EU president row 02 Jun 2014 The Prime Minister backed Mr Tusk to please the German chancellor and also in the hope that the centre-Right Pole will act as a counter-balance to the federalist ambitions of Jean-Claude Juncker, the incoming president of the European Commission. The 57-year-old prime minister’s prospects for a European role are mainly hindered by his weakness at English. Although improving, Mr Tusk rarely speaks English in public and when he does it comes with a strong Polish accent. Although Mr Tusk’s commitment to the EU has grown over his seven years in office as Poland prospered from union membership, the 57-year-old Polish leader has retained a pragmatic stance on European policy and is committed to its reform. Mr Tusk has also long been a proponent of free markets, privatisation and minimal government interference - a stance that should made him a natural ally of the UK. Despite this, Poland and the UK have clashed in Europe with the two falling out over Mr Cameron call for limits on EU freedom of movement rights that benefit millions of Poles working in Britain. His relationship with Mrs Merkel, has been a mixed blessing domestically, leading to accusations from nationalists circles that he is too close to a country that was for long Poland’s traditional enemy but her blessing counts for a lot in Brussels. Mr Tusk’s instinct to form strong bonds with Germany may stem from his own background. Although born in the northern city of Gdansk, his family hail from the Kaszuby region of Poland, a small distinctive area not far from the city where, for years before the Second World War, Polish and German culture entwined and national divisions blurred. One of Mr Tusk’s grandfathers was even forced to join Hitler’s armies in 1944 after spending time in a concentration camp. This fact was picked up by his opponents, and used in an attempt derail his political career - but the attempt failed and Mr Tusk went on to become a dominant force in Polish politics. As leader of the economically liberal Civic Platform party, he became prime minister in 2007 after inflicting a heavy defeat on his bitter foe Jaroslaw Kaczynski. Credited with bringing order and stability after the turbulent Kaczynski years, which	1. What is the name of the hit show based on the songs of Abba? - Liverpool Echo News 1. What is the name of the hit show based on the songs of Abba? 2. Which “G” is the name of the Italian astronomer who improved the telescope so much as to discover that there were craters on the moon? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. Which “G” is the name of the Italian astronomer who improved the telescope so much as to discover that there were craters on the moon? 3. For which series of films were the actors Kenneth Williams and Sid James best known? 4. What is the name given to the largest bee in a hive? 5. Which alternative word for the Devil is a Hebrew word with translates as “Lord Of The Flies”? 6. On which TV island might you have found actor Ricardo Montalban? 7. Mozart’s opera, which was a continuation of The Barber Of Seville, was called The Marriage Of . . . who? 8. What is the nearest planet to the Sun? 9. What was the name of the road sweeper played by Roger Lloyd-Pack in Only Fools And Horses? 10. What connects the answers above? 11. What was the nickname of the first Spice Girl to go solo? 12. Which of the following events did Carl Lewis not win a gold medal for at the 1984 Olympics? Long Jump, 400m or 100m relay? 13. Which two actors were nominated for best actor awards at the Oscars in 1991, both for playing wheelchair-bound characters? 14. How is Eldrick Woods better known? 15. Who did Iain Duncan Smith beat in September, 2001, to become the leader of the Conservative Party? 16. Who was the main villain in the cartoon Wacky Races? 17. When the band Hear‘say formed, who was the oldest member at 24? 18. What is the name of the third book of the Bible? 19. What was advertised with Eva Herzagovia using the slogan “hello boys”? 20. Which model gave birth to her daughter, Lola, in September, 2002? 21. “All children, except one, grow up” is the opening line from which famous story? 22. How are Fizz, Milo, Jake and Bella better known collectively? 23. What number on the Beaufort Scale represents a hurricane? 24. In which film did Jodie Foster play a character called Tallulah? 25. What is pathophobia the fear of? 26. What was the title of the TV show Bonanza changed to? 27. What mountain range is the natural habitat of the llama? 28. What nationality was scientist Marie Curie? 29. Who played the title role in the TV series Worzel Gummidge? 30. Which toy was originally called the Pluto Platter when it was first introduced in 1957? 1. Mama Mia; 2. Galileo; 3. Carry On; 4. Queen; 5. Beelzebub; 6. Fantasy; 7. Figaro; 8. Mercury; 9. Trigger; 10. The song Bohemian Rhapsody; 11. Ginger Spice; 12. 400m; 13. Tom Cruise (for Born On The Fourth Of July) and Daniel Day-Lewis (for My Left Foot); 14. Tiger Woods; 15. Ken Clarke; 16. Dick Dastardly; 17. Kym Marsh; 18. Leviticus; 19. The Wonderbra; 20. Kate Moss; 21. Peter Pan; 22. The Tweenies; 23. 12; 24. Bugsy Malone; 25. Illness; 26. Ponderosa; 27. Andes; 28. Polish; 29. Jon Pertwee; 30. Frisbee Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,812	Monsanto is a globally dominant corporation in the sector of?	A Sustainable Agriculture Company Common Glyphosate Questions Be Part of the Conversation At Monsanto, we're all about sustainable solutions. That's why we're committed to getting the public involved in a global conversation about the methods we're using in order to help grow enough food for a growing world. Ask your own questions regarding anything from honey bee health, GMOs, to sustainability in agriculture and more. Featured Question	Citypages May 2016 online by CityPages Kuwait (page 114) - issuu issuu HOMEWORK FOR GROWN UPS EVERYTHING YOU LEARNED AT SCHOOL... BUT CAN YOU REMEMBER? General Knowledge Quiz Test Your Vocabulary 1. The Latin prefix 'dino' (as in dinosaur) means: Giant; Terrible; Noisy; or Old? The opposite of leader is: 3. Argan oil, chiefly from Morocco, used in cooking and cosmetics, is extracted from a: Seaweed; Cactus; Tree nut; or Camel? 4. Mocha is coffee with added: Alcohol; Chocolate; Cream; or Tea? 5. According to The Bible's Book of Genesis in which God created Heaven and Earth in six days, on the first day God created: Man and Woman; Fire and Air; Darkness and Light; or The Devil and the Deep Blue Sea? 6. A 'cricket box' is a: Painted batting zone; Safe area for spectators; Chest for stumps, balls, bats, etc; or Batsman's groin protector? 1. mourner 2. agent 3. avatar 4. follower A leader is the head guy or gal, the one running the show. The leader of the band calls the shots and sets the tempo for the music. A conductor is the leader of an orchestra; all musicians look to him or her to know when to begin and end playing their instruments. A president is the leader of a country whose decisions make a difference to the whole population. Martin Luther King, Jr. was a leader of the Civil Rights Movement. A leader comes first in line â€” in a parade or a social system â€” and gets a lot of attention, but ultimately, a leader needs followers. 2. Approximately how much Francium (the rarest metal on the planet) exists on Earth: 1000 tonnes; 10 tonnes; 50 kilos; or less than an ounce? people and moves them to action. 7. Paraguay, Bolivia, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Nepal, and Lesotho have no: Coastlines; Armies; Cathedrals; or McDonald's? A leader is the one in the charge, the person who convinces other people to follow. A great leader inspires confidence in other 9. The area of a circle with a radius of 56.5cms is approximately how many square metres: 1; 3; 5; or 10? 10. Italian clothier Emilio Ceccato redesigned/provided the traditional striped shirts in 2016 for: Venice's gondoliers; Vatican guards; Inter Milan soccer club; or Segregated Mafia prison inmates? 11. Endemic means: Contagious; Geographically native/unique; Historically significant; or Final/fatal? ANSWER: 4. In this question, leader is a noun that means a person who rules or guides or inspires others. 8. What Greek word meaning 'upon/additionally' prefixes these words to create different words and a rock'n'roll brand: Centre/Center, Cure, Dermis, Gram, Tome, and Phone? MATH PROBLEMS When you have three, you have three. When you have two, you have two. But when you have one, you have none. 12. Persian, Venetian, Roman, and Vertical are types of: Doorways; Staircases; Window blinds; or Pure cat breeds? 13. What African nation is known in parts of Asia by the local names of two of its famous cities Marrakech and Fes? 14. Macau, Monaco and Singapore have the world's most (What?): Dense populations; Rainfall; Prisoners; or Sherry drinkers? ANSWER: Choices. 15. What drink from the Camellia sinensis plant has green, black and white varieties: Sarsaparilla; Coffee; Tequila; or Tea? 16. The dermis and cutis are parts of the human: Heart; Brain; Skin; or Bones? JUMBLED WORDS 17. The largest theme park in Europe, subject to approval 2016, is planned by Paramount in: Dartford; Helsinki; Reykjavik; or Calais? 18. The standard spoken English accent of the UK, abbreviated to 'RP', traditionally used by BBC newsreaders, the Royal Family and 'upper class' is fully called '(What?) Pronunciation': Revised; Revived; Received; or Rhubarb? B A I N C 19. Volvic, Evian, Perrier and San Pellegrino are famous brands of: Knitwear; Bottled water; Cosmetics; or Golf equipment? R O M M E Y 20. The Arabic word 'al' (AL) roughly translates in English to mean: Go; The; Me; or You? T E R A T O FEBRUARY, MAY, 2016 2016 DECEMBER, 2016 S L U R P A ANSWERS: GUPPY, CABIN, MEMORY, ROTATE, PULSAR ANSWERS:1.Terrible (saurus = lizard), 2.Less than an ounce (it has	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,813	Whose execution was recorded as 'a cruel necessity'?	Tudor Stuart England To Kill the King / Execution of Charles I Posted on December 10, 2008, from Athens, Alabama The Villanie of the Rebells proceeding now so far as to Trie, Condemne, and Murder our excellent King, the 30 of this Moneth, struck me with such horror that I kept the day of his Martyrdom a fast, and would not be present, at that a excecrable wickednesse; receiving the sad [account] of it from my Bro: Geo. and also by Mr. Owen, who came to Visite this afternoone, recounting to me all Circumstances. John Evelyn. Diary (1649). The 30th of January 1649 was a cold day in London. It was also the day appointed for the execution of Charles I, the captive king of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Charles I confronted his last day of life with commendable courage, so commendable that it was probably his finest hour. Although various Presbyterian ministers sought to attend to him during his final hours, the King rejected them and instead sought spiritual counsel from William Juxon, the bishop of London. He was also attended by Thomas Herbert, the well-known travel-writer and a Parliamentarian official. Herbert treated his royal prisoner fairly and respectfully, and may even have developed a genuine and deep respect for Charles I. On that last day, Charles I showed his gratitude by giving Herbert his watch, which became a treasured heirloom of the Herbert family. After the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Charles II showed his appreciation of Herbert�s service to his father by making him a baronet. Two Shirts and No Fear. Charles I prepared for his execution through prayer and Holy Communion with Bishop Juxon. Since it was a bitterly cold day, the King put on two shirts to keep himself warm on the scaffold. He did not want to shiver from the cold and have it said that he was trembling in fear of his impending death. His execution was fated not to take place at dawn. Instead the king waited and waited in his rooms with Juxon and Herbert for the knock on the door from his escort of guards. Elsewhere Dutch diplomats and representatives of the Scots pleaded for the life of the King. Even more important in delaying the execution was the frantic debate over a parliamentary bill making it a crime to declare the King�s son, Charles the Prince of Wales, to be the new king on the death of his father. At last, the dreaded knock was heard. It was 2 o�clock. The guards took the King to the scaffold within the grounds of the Whitehall Palace. Charles I wanted to walk briskly to show that he was anxious to go on to his reward in the afterlife. Arriving at the courtyard, the King saw that mounted troopers were lined up to keep spectators away from the scaffold. The King mounted the scaffold accompanied by Juxon. The executioner and others stood waiting. Who Struck the Lethal Stroke? All sorts of rumors would later circulate about the identity of the executioner. It was claimed that the normal public executioners refused to do the horrendous deed. According to one version, two ordinary soldiers volunteered to serve as executioners, but other stories credited the Puritan minister Hugh Peter with performing the execution. Another version said the masked executioner was actually Oliver Cromwell or Coronet George Joyce, the Parliamentary officer who brought the King to London from his prison on the Isle of Wight. A rather out-of-touch French account improbably claimed that Cromwell and his rival the commander-in-chief of the Parliamentary armies, Thomas Fairfax, served as the King�s executioners. Fairfax was in fact adamantly opposed to the execution of Charles I and pleaded for clemency. Charles I gave a final speech in which he claimed to be innocent and unjustly condemned. When he finished, he placed his head on the execution block. The executioner beheaded him with one stroke of his axe. At the instant of the lethal stroke, one witness recorded, the crowd made �such a groan as I never heard before, and desire I may never hear again.� The mounted troopers moved forward to clear off the spectators, but some dete	Edward II, King of England b. 25 Apr 1284 Caernarfon Castle, Gwynedd, Wales d. 21 Sep 1327 Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, England Coat of Arms Notes Edward II who reigned as King of England from 1307-1327 was widely held as a weak and ineffective king, losing disastrously to the Scots at Bannockburn in 1314. His tendency to ignore his nobility, in favour of low-born favourites, led to constant political unrest and eventually to his deposition. His father, a notable military leader, made a point of training young Edward in warfare and statecraft starting in his childhood. Edward preferred less noble pursuits and although impressive physically, he was a bit of a wimp. Edward I attributed his sonï¿½s problems to Piers Gaveston, a Gascon Knight who some believe to have been the prince's lover. Edward II is today perhaps best remembered for a story about his alleged murder with a red-hot poker plunged anally into his entrails, which has been seen by some as evidence of his homosexuality. Although pictured in the film Braveheart as highly effeminate, this portrayal is inaccurate as Edward II's robust physical appearance was similar to his father's, right down to the drooping eyelid. The King was captured and condemned by Parliament in 1327 as 'incorrigible and without hope of amendment'. He was forced to abdicate in favour of his teenage son Edward III, and he died in Berkeley Castle later that year. Braveheart's ridiculous depiction of William Wallace being Edward III's father is impossible. Wallace was executed in 1305, seven years before Edward III was born. During Richard II's reign, the Peasants Revolt of 1381 was sparked off by the Poll Tax of one shilling a head on the whole population, regardless of the individual's means to pay it. A large part of society consisted of villeins, men and women tied to the land on which they were born and worked. The sum, small enough to the better-off, represented an unacceptable impost upon their slender resources, and when they refused to pay, or were unable to do so, they were pursued with the full rigour of the law. They retaliated by murdering the Royal Officials who attempted to collect the tax, and this invited further retribution from the Government. * [ 7 ] Edward II (25 April 1284 ï¿½ 21 September 1327), also called Edward of Caernarfon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed in January 1327. The fourth son of Edward I, Edward became the heir to the throne following the death of his older brother Alphonso. Beginning in 1300, Edward accompanied his father on campaigns to pacify Scotland, and in 1306 he was knighted in a grand ceremony at Westminster Abbey. Edward succeeded to the throne in 1307, following his father's death. In 1308, he married Isabella of France, the daughter of the powerful King Philip IV, as part of a long-running effort to resolve the tensions between the English and French crowns. Edward had a close and controversial relationship with Piers Gaveston, who had joined his household in 1300. The precise nature of Edward and Gaveston's relationship is uncertain; they may have been friends, lovers or sworn brothers. Gaveston's arrogance and power as Edward's favourite provoked discontent both among the barons and the French royal family, and Edward was forced to exile him. On Gaveston's return, the barons pressured the King into agreeing to wide-ranging reforms called the Ordinances of 1311. The newly empowered barons banished Gaveston, to which Edward responded by revoking the reforms and recalling his favourite. Led by Edward's cousin, the Earl of Lancaster, a group of the barons seized and executed Gaveston in 1312, beginning several years of armed confrontation. English forces were pushed back in Scotland, where Edward was decisively defeated by Robert the Bruce at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. Widespread famine followed, and criticism of the King's reign mounted. The Despenser family, in particular Hugh Despenser the Younger, became close friends and advisers to Edward, but in 1321 Lancaster and many of the barons seized the Despensers	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,814	Who was the father of Ophelia?	Hamlet: Ophelia \| Character Analysis \| CliffsNotes Character Analysis Bookmark this page Manage My Reading List Ophelia is a difficult role to play because her character, like Gertrude 's, is murky. Part of the difficulty is that Shakespeare wrote his female roles for men, and there were always limitations on them that restricted and defined the characterizations devised. In the case of an ingenue like Ophelia, a very young and lovely woman, Shakespeare would have been writing for a boy. The extent to which a boy could grasp subtle nuances might have prevented the playwright from fleshing out the character more fully. We do know that Ophelia is torn between two contradictory poles. Her father and brother believe that Hamlet would use her, that he would take her virginity and throw it away because she could never be his wife. Her heart has convinced her that Hamlet loved her, though he swears he never did. To her father and brother, Ophelia is the eternal virgin, the vessel of morality whose purpose is to be a dutiful wife and steadfast mother. To Hamlet, she is a sexual object, a corrupt and deceitful lover. With no mother to guide her, she has no way of deciphering the contradictory expectations. Just like Hamlet, the medieval precept that the father's word is unquestionable governs Ophelia. But her Renaissance sense of romantic love also rules her. How can she be obedient to her father and true to her love? When she lies to Hamlet and tells him that Polonius is home when he is concealed in the room eavesdropping, Ophelia proves she cannot live in both worlds. She has chosen one, and her choice seals her fate. The dilemma also forces her into madness. She has no way to reconcile the contradictory selves her men demand that she be and still retain an equilibrium. Ophelia's desperation literally drives her crazy, and she has no means with which to heal herself.	House of Thebes House of Thebes Cadmus When Zeus abducted his daughter Europa , Agenor (Ἀγηνωρ) send his sons to find her, with the order not to come back, until Europa was returned to him (see Minoan Crete , for her myth). Agenor's favourite child was Europa. Agenor was quite besotted over his daughter, ready to banish his sons if it meant bringing his daughter back to him. His wife, Telephassa (Τηλέφασσα or Argiope), was so angry at the order from her husband, that she accompanied her sons during their search of her daughter. Phoenix (Φοινιξ) did not go very far from home. The land Phoenix settled in was named after him: Phoenicia. CilixΚίλιξ) settled in the land that became Cilicia, while Thasus stayed on the island that was named after him. PhineusΦινεύς migrated to Thrace. Cadmus had also stayed in Thrace, until his mother died. Only Cadmus (Κάδμος) continued his search for his sister. Cadmus and his followers went on to Delphi, to seek help from the oracle in finding his sister. The Pythia (Πυθία, high priestess of Delphi) told him to instead seek a new home. He was told by the oracle to find a heifer and follow it until the cow lay down. He spotted a cow and followed it all way to southern Boeotia, where it lay down. There, Cadmus decided to build a city that he named after himself, Cadmeia. Cadmus killed a dragon that guarded the spring of Dirce, which was sacred to the war god Ares . The goddess Athena told him to sow the dragon teeth into the earth. Armed men sprang out of the earth, and fought one another until only five of them survived. These five men - Echion (Ἐχίων), Chthonius (Χθονίος), Hyperenor, Pelorus and Udaeüs or Udaeus - became known as Sparti (Σπαρτοί – "Sown-Men"). The Sparti were Cadmus most important allies. For killing the dragon, Cadmus was punished, where he has to serve Ares for 8 years. After his time, the gods honoured Cadmus by arranging and attending his wedding with Harmonia (Ἁρμονία), daughter of Ares and Aphrodite. They received many gifts from the gods. Among the wedding presents given to the couple was necklace that was cursed. The necklace of Harmonia brought disaster to owners in later generations. (See Seven Against Thebes ). Cadmus ruled Thebes for many decades. Harmonia bore him Agave (Ἀγαυή), Autonoë (Autonoe), Ino (Ἰνώ), Semele (Σεμέλη), and one son, Polydorus (Πολύδωρος). Unfortunately most of their children and grandchildren were met with tragic ends. Diodorus Siculus, a Greek Sicilian historian of the 1st century BC, had credited Cadmus of bringing the Phoenician alphabets with him from Phoenicia to Greece. The Phoenician alphabets was adapted and transformed by the Greeks; but Diodorus' claim is unsubstantiated fabrication. See the Wrath of Heaven , for a more detailed account of the the confrontation of Pentheus and Dionysus . Apollodorus say that Cadmus and Harmonia left Thebes to their children or grandchildren, and went to Illyria, and helped the Encheleans against the Illyrians in a war. Cadmus was made king of the Illyrians, and they had another son named Illyrius. At the end of their lives, their bodies were transformed into snakes, but Zeus sent their souls to the Elysian Fields. According to Ovid, it was the fate of Ino and her son that made Cadmus leaves his kingdom with his wife (see Athamas , in the Aeolids). Cadmus and Harmonia were upset over the tragedy of their children and grandchildren. They went into self-exile to Illyria, and in their old age, they were transformed into snakes. Amphion & Zethus Polydorus (Πολύδωρος) was king of Thebes and the only son of Cadmus . Polydorus married Nycteïs (Nycteis), who bore him a son, Labdacus (Λάβδακος). His reign was brief. Labdacus was only a child when he became king, so Nycteus (Νυκεύς), son of the Sparti Chthonius and the king's grandfather, ruled Thebes as his regent. Nycteus, however, discovered that his other daughter Antiope (Ἀντιόπη) was seduced and impregnated by Zeus. Zeus had come to Antiope in the guise of a satyr. Antiope ran off to Sicyon, and married the Sicyonian king, Epopeus (Ἐπωπεύς)	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,815	The rotator cuff is a tough sheath of tendons and ligaments which supports the human?	rotator cuff - definition of rotator cuff in English \| Oxford Dictionaries Definition of rotator cuff in English: rotator cuff A tough sheath of tendons and ligaments that supports the arm at the shoulder joint. Example sentences ‘The rotators of the hip are like the rotator cuff of the shoulder.’ ‘You don't need to be a major-league fastballer to have problems with your rotator cuff - the sheath of muscle that connects your arm to your shoulder.’ ‘Tendinitis of the shoulder, particularly the rotator cuff, is prevalent among swimmers and athletes who perform repeated overhead motions.’ ‘He still has trouble with his lower and upper back and both shoulders, especially the right rotator cuff, which stabilizes the head of the humerus within the shoulder joint.’ ‘In several clinical studies, the use of ultrasonography or arthrography has shown residual defects in surgically repaired rotator cuffs, with an incidence as high as 50% in some reports.’ Word of the Day Which is the correct spelling? revultion Which is the correct spelling? population Which is the correct spelling? edition Which is the correct spelling? production Which is the correct spelling? invacion Which is the correct spelling? coersion Which is the correct spelling? solucion Which is the correct spelling? commosion Which is the correct spelling? suspision Which is the correct spelling? tension You scored /10 practise again? Retry Most popular in the world Australia	Ligaments - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health Parts of a joint and ligaments National Institutes of Health About Joints The point at which two or more bones are connected is called a joint . In all joints , the bones are kept from grinding against each other by a lining called cartilage . Bones are joined to bones by strong, elastic bands of tissue called ligaments. Muscles are connected to bones by tough cords of tissue called tendons . Muscles pull on tendons to move joints. Although muscles are not technically part of a joint, they're important because strong muscles help support and protect joints. NIH - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Terms to know Tough, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects muscle to bone or another structure, such as an eyeball. Tendons help the bone or structure to move. Share on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,816	When Snoopy takes to the skies in his doghouse/Sopwith Camel, who does he do battle against?	GameSpy: Snoopy vs. the Red Baron - Page 1 Snoopy vs. the Red Baron By Phil Theobald \| Dec 15, 2006 Good grief! Snoopy takes to the skies against Germany's toughest pilot. Does the beagle have what it takes? Good Pros: It's simple and easy to get into; lots of playable characters for multiplayer; music and voiceovers make it feel like a Peanuts special. Cons: The gameplay is fairly shallow; forced upgrades can keep you from advancing. How Our Ratings Work Here's a little videogame history for you: This game isn't the first time that Charles Schulz's famous beagle has taken on the dastardly Red Baron in the digital realm. In 1983, Atari released Snoopy and the Red Baron for its Atari 2600 system. It was a simple game, but it was also surprisingly fun. Over 20 years later, not much has changed as this latest encounter between the "funny-looking dog with a big, black nose" and Baron Von Richthofen shares those same attributes. If you've ever read the Peanuts comic or watched the animated specials (in particular, It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown), then you know that one of Snoopy's recurring fantasies is that he is a World War I flying ace, using his doghouse to shoot down the infamous Red Baron. This game is set within one of Snoopy's dreams, where his doghouse becomes the imagined Sopwith Camel biplane, and the neighbor kids become military allies in a fantasy version of WWI-era Europe. Campaign mode is the game's main story mode, and it begins with a cinema scene setting up the story. These scenes go a long way in making the game feel like a Peanuts special. The Vince Guaraldi-esque music mixed with the somewhat stilted dialogue reading from the child voice actors lends an authentic feel to the proceedings. Some might dislike the fact that the characters are all rendered in 3D during the cinematics instead of traditional 2D animation (or at least with cel-shading). Personally, I kind of dig the fact that the cinematics look like a living version of the old Peanuts View-Master reels from the late '60s . I doubt this is what the developers had in mind, but I'll chalk it up to happy coincidence. A Real Dog Fight The game itself is a flight combat game. Given that it's targeted at younger players, it's less of a sim and more arcadey. Think of it along the lines of Crimson Skies , Jr. During most of the game's stages, you can fly wherever you want, shooting down enemy planes and other targets. As you progress through each mission, you'll constantly be updated with new objectives that you'll have to accomplish in order to emerge victorious. I do wish that more voiceover was used during the missions. When you're in the thick of battle, it can be difficult to read the latest objectives while trying to dodge enemy fire. I could see this being an even bigger problem for the young audience that this game is geared towards.	It was a dark and stormy night - Everything2.com It was a dark and stormy night by Tem42 Thu Jan 20 2000 at 5:00:18 This sentence has come to be the stereotypical starting line for fictional novels and tall tales everywhere, most particularly bad novels . It is used to indicate that a story is commencing, although it is rarely followed by an actual story. Generally, it indicates a hackneyed story of the adventure type, although the details of the story are less important than the fact that the story starts with one of the best-known starting lines in English literature , indicating that it will likely not be a serious literary endeavor intended to stand on its own right. However, the original appearance of the line was not in a great and famous work, but rather in a mostly-forgotten novel by a mostly-forgotten novelist. The line was in fact grabbed from the jaws of obscurity by the mostly-unknown Professor Scott Rice , who used it as the inspiration for a slightly famous contest to find the Worst Starting Line Ever. The Bulwer-Lytton Fiction Contest is worth checking out if you have not yet discovered it, and is the source for the spread of "It was a dark and stormy night" through our popular culture . The original line, and yes, it is all one sentence, in its complete and original form: "It was a dark and stormy night ; the rain fell in torrents -- except at occasional intervals, when it was checked by a violent gust of wind which swept up the streets (for it is in London that our scene lies), rattling along the housetops, and fiercely agitating the scanty flame of the lamps that struggled against the darkness." -- Paul Clifford , by Edward George Bulwer-Lytton ( 1830 ) It is somewhat inexplicable that this lipid lump of prose has become so overwhelmingly recognizable -- but quite understandable that no one recognizes where it came from. Part of the blame for its fame must fall on Snoopy from the comic strip Peanuts , as he used this line in nearly every book he wrote. Fri May 19 2000 at 2:10:53 It Was A Dark And Stormy Night by Snoopy Part I It was a dark and stormy night. Suddenly , a shot rang out! A door slammed. The maid screamed. Suddenly, a pirate ship appeared on the horizon ! While million s of people were starving, the king lived in luxury. Meanwhile, on a small farm in Kansas , a boy was growing up. Part II A light snow was falling, and the little girl with the tattered shawl had not sold a violet all day. At that very moment, a young intern at City Hospital was making an important discovery. The mysterious patient in Room 213 had finally awakened. She moan ed softly. Could it be that she was the sister of the boy in Kansas who loved the girl with the tattered shawl who was the daughter of the maid who had escaped from the pirates? The intern frowned. " Stampede! " the foreman shouted, and forty thousand head of cattle thundered down on the tiny camp. The two men rolled on the ground grappling beneath the murderous hooves. A left and a right. A left. Another left and right. An uppercut to the jaw. The fight was over. And so the ranch was saved. The young intern sat by himself in one corner of the coffee shop . he had learned about medicine , but more importantly, he had learned something about life . THE END (from alt.comics.peanuts) 2004.4.4 sekicho says The full version was revealed as part of one of the numbers in Snoopy: The Musical. I think the song it appeared in was called "The Smell of Success." Everything Quests: Scary Stories Completed: Thursday, October 31, 2002 at 14:15:50, server time. It was a dark and stormy night when I logged in . Not that it mattered, as I had been inside for almost a week. And where I was going, there's no there, there . But it was a dark and stormy night nonetheless. Deep down in the statistics nodelet, userstoday indicated triple-digits. Writeupstoday indicated a staggering -293,037 nodes. In the other users nodelet , a dozen-odd Ø 's caught my eye. Every single visible private /msg in my chatterbox nodelet started: " Klaproth ate your writeup..." Something stank of trou	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,817	In which year did the Blitz on London start?	BBC - History - World Wars: The Blitz World Wars Dates:25 August 1940 to 16 May 1941 Location: London and other major cities Outcome: Allied victory at a high civilian cost. The Blitz reduced pressure on the RAF, cost Germany enormous numbers of aircraft and personnel and failed to pave the way for the German invasion of Britain. Britain: RAF Fighter Command under Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding Germany: Luftflotten 2 under Field Marshal Albert Kesselring, based in north east France; Luftflotten 3 under Field Marshal Hugo Sperrle, based in the Low Countries The sustained German bombing of London and other major British cities began towards the end of the Battle of Britain, after a British raid on Berlin in early September prompted Hitler to order the Luftwaffe to switch its attention from RAF Fighter Command to urban centres of industrial and political significance. The first German raids on British cities had already taken place by the end of August 1940, when Birmingham and Liverpool were attacked, but on 7 September the Blitz intensified when around 950 German aircraft attacked London. It was the first and last mass daylight raid on London, but it heralded the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing. The daylight raid alone caused some 300 civilian deaths and a further 1,300 serious injuries; by the end of the Blitz, around 30,000 Londoners would be left dead, with another 50,000 injured. Fortunately, millions of children, mothers, patients and pensioners had already been evacuated to the countryside. For those who were left in London, a rigorous policy of blackout began. Every building had to extinguish or cover its lights at night, and car owners had to reduce their headlights to a thin horizontal slit, with rear lamps also dimmed severely. Road accidents shot up, exacerbated by the lack of street lighting and the dimmed traffic lights. A second daylight raid on 9 September was successfully intercepted by Fighter Command's 10, 11 and 12 Groups. Less than half of the German bombers got through, with very few hitting their targets. Daylight attacks continued elsewhere in England, with sporadic success. Against London, however, the Germans haemorrhaged aircraft and crew, compared to much lighter British losses. In early November, Luftwaffe chief Reichsmarschall Herman Göring ordered that the air offensive against cities, industry and ports had to be conducted entirely under cover of darkness. The new strategy was showcased by a massive attack on Coventry on 14 November, which destroyed much of the city, including all but the spires of St Michael's Cathedral and the Grey Friars' Church. Attacks on Birmingham, Southampton, Bristol, Plymouth and Liverpool followed, but they proved less effective. On 29 December, a major raid on London destroyed much of the City, but poor winter weather then led to a drop in attacks until March. The two months from March until May 1941 saw a series of heavy attacks, culminating in a very damaging raid on London on 10 May. The Blitz ended on 16 May, when most of the Luftwaffe was re-assigned east for the imminent invasion of Russia. The end of the Blitz saw a return of evacuees and the start of the reconstruction of London - even though building materials were in desperately short supply. The docks had been devastated, as had many industrial, residential and commercial districts, including the historic heart of the City.	London Weather - From Year 1900 From Year 1900 2001 A wet and thundery year. In the year that terrorism hit the USA with attacks that included the destruction of the 'Twin Towers' in New York, the UK New Labour party won its second successive General Election, and apple started marketing the iPod. In the world of music, Atomic Kitten and Kylie Minogue each spent 4 weeks at number One in the UK charts. 2002 Very wet; mild winter months In the year that the Euro took over from the Peseta as the Spanish currency, Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother died aged 101, and Switzerland joined the United Nations. In the music world, the charts were dominated by Enrique Inglesias (the son of 1981 hit-parader Julio Inglesias) with 'Hero'; and the late Elvis Presley who had his 18th hit with 'A little less conversation.' 2003 Dry and mild with a warm extended summer In the year of the American led invasion of Iraq, the last of the original style Volkswagon Beetles were manufactured in Mexico, and the Concorde aircraft made its final commercial flight. In the music world, Black Eyed Peas with 'Where is the Love' was the biggest selling band during 2003. The Los Angeles 'Rappers' were number 1 in the charts for 6 weeks during the autumn. 2004 An average year but a wet August In the year that 10 new countries join the EU, including Malta and Cyprus, the Crown Prince of Denmark married an Australian, and Michael Schumacher becomes the most successful Formula One driver of all time after winning his 7th title. The Christmas Holiday was marred by the tsunami which killed over 200,000 people in countries bordering the Indian Ocean. In the music world the death was announced of DJ John Peel. 2005 Dry and sunny. Warm early Autumn In the year that Pope John Paul the Second died, Prince Charles married Camilla Parker Bowles and New Labour were voted in by the UK electorate to govern the country for a third term. In the music world, Tony Christie re-released his 1971 hit 'Is this the way to Amarillo' and topped the British charts for 7 weeks. 2006 Rather Warm. A Wet Autumn after an Extremely Warm July In the year that the former Yugoslav President, Slobodan Milosevic died in prison at The Hague, Montenegro gained independence from Serbia, the former President of Iraq, Saddam Hussein, was executed in Baghdad, Queen Elizabeth celebrated her 80th birthday; and childhood obesity was forecast to double in 4 years. In the world of music, Gnarls Barkley was top of the charts for 9 weeks with 'Crazy'. 2007 Mild. Wet late Winter and a Warm Spring. In the year that Nicolas Sarkozy was elected French President, the tea clipper vessel, Cutty Sark, was badly damaged by fire in Greenwich, London; and Gordon Brown succeeded Tony Blair as leader of the governing Labour Party in Britain. In the world of music, Rihanna, with Umbrella, spent 10 weeks topping the UK charts, but the best selling single was Bleeding Love by Leona Lewis which topped the hit parade for 7 weeks. 2008 Rather mild. A wet Spring In the year that Fidel Castro, the President of Cuba, resigned and was replaced by his brother Raul; Barack Obama was elected 44th President of the United States; and after 41 years at sea, the passenger liner QE2 embarked on its last voyage. In the world of music: the best-selling single was Hallelujah by Alexandra Burke, and Madonna had her 13th number one hit. From Year 1900 1902 Cool and Dull. Poor Summer. In the year that over 30,000 people died when Mount Pelee (Martinique) erupted; Cuba gained independence from the United States, although Guantanamo Bay Naval Base continued to be leased to the US, and Edward the Seventh was crowned king in the UK. 1905 Rather Cool and Dry. Cold Late Summer and Autumn In the year that Prince Carl of Denmark was elected King of Norway, the Treaty of Portsmouth was signed, thus ending the war between Russia and Japan, and in Dublin, Republican Arthur Griffith founded Sinn Fein whose aim was to attain a united Ireland. 1906 Rather Sunny. A Cold and Dry Spring. A Good Late Summer. In the year that the Rolls Royce car company was	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,818	Which car company made the Interceptor, ceasing production in 1976?	The Impractical Choice: Jensen Interceptor - The Rake Magazine Motoring The Impractical Choice: Jensen Interceptor The third instalment of The Impractical Choice presents a car so muscular, it is almost impossible to feel like an Adonis when driving it, so says The Rake’s Online Editor. Words Aleks Cvetkovic Picture the scene: your perfectly patinated chamois leather driving gloves grip the lithe, vibrating form of the steering wheel; your dark, heavy framed aviators obscure the heady warmth of the sun low in the sky, with a hint of pink flushing the horizon and dancing upon the long, athletic line of the car bonnet stretching before you. As you arrive at the lights, across on the pavement stand two vivacious looking ladies – naturally they are admiring you and your Interceptor impressedly. Except of course, that’s not going to happen, because what you’ll actually be doing, (and what some readers may in fact be doing at this very second), is sitting inside your house, watching the rain pour down the outside of your window, without a youthful maiden in sight, praying for the one day this summer when the clouds will part and allow you to take out your convertible, or else you’ll ignore the prophetic warning of the weather report and find yourself being dampened down by the side of the road, fighting to get the poxy roof up with smoke billowing from the carburetor of your cherished Interceptor. This will happen for two reasons. Firstly, and most obviously, this will happen because the Interceptor, iconic and utterly desirable though it is, is not a well-made car. Released in 1974, a number were fitted with the steering rack from the Triumph Stag, which though an undoubtedly cool motor, was never renowned for its handling. With spongy brakes and chrome plating that was neither particularly rustproof nor particularly well affixed to the body, it had a short-lived production life of only two years, ceasing in 1976 thanks to the bankruptcy of the company. The Jensen brothers did the best that they could, bless them, but there were always issues with that car’s quality and performance. “The Interceptor, iconic and utterly desirable though it is, is not a well-made car.” The second reason you’ll end up by the side of the road in the sheeting rain is because in spite of all this, you’ll have gone on and bought one anyway. Because when it comes to the Jensen Interceptor (and particularly the convertible version – of which only 504 were ever made), it’s not what actually happens that counts. It may well sit in the garage gathering rust, refusing to start or steer in a straight line, but who the hell cares? Rather, it’s the sheer force of aspiration, the palpable sense of retro romance that it conjures up which matters. It’s a car that makes one feel ten feet tall, effortlessly cool and dare one say, formidably virile. So it may well stay in the garage for much of the year, awaiting that one fine morning when, at some point in a far flung utopian future, you’ll be able to pull up at the lights and nod in self-satisfied vindication at the admiring crowds around you. But surely, isn’t that an ideal worth paying for? Clearly, many motoring aficionados besides The Rake think so, because a Jensen drophead in top condition will cost you around £75,000. It’s not just a car though, it’s a dream machine – and whether it leaves the garage or not, its going to fruitful automotive relationship.	Some Interesting Facts about Rolls-Royce and Bentley Motor Cars "From Albion's shore shall come a marvelous conveyance, a carriage silincieux bearing the arms of Rolles De Roi." The first 10 hp Rolls-Royce was sold for £395...Today it is worth over £250,000 More than six out of ten of all Rolls-Royce Motor cars built are still roadworthy At the Rolls-Royce factories in Crewe and London the cars are always referred to as Royces. They are never called Rollers The Rolls-Royce radiator grille is made entirely by hand and eye - no measuring instruments are used It takes one man one day to make a Rolls-Royce radiator, and then five hours are spent polishing it The Rolls -Royce radiator was not registered as a trademark until 1974 It takes over 800 man-hours to make the body of a Phantom VI During the First World War Rolls-Royce made rifles You will never open an ashtray in a modern Rolls-Royce and find a cigarette end. It empties automatically A Rolls-Royce does not break down. It 'fails to proceed.' Notices have been hung around the factory bearing the legend: 'Beware silent cars.' Even today every Rolls-Royce engine is completely hand built The cooling capacity of the air-conditioning system in the Silver Spirit is equivalent to that of 30 domestic refrigerators No one is certain who designed the Rolls-Royce radiator grille or the interlinked RR badge The hydraulic tappets on Rolls-Royce and Bentley motor cars are given a natural finish of a 16-millionth of an inch The oldest known Rolls-Royce still on the road is the 1904 10hp owned by Mr Thomas Love Jr of Scotland Rolls-Royce did not make a complete car until after the Second World War. Before that they made only chassis, the bodies being added by outside coachbuilders Sir Henry Royce's first job was a newspaper delivery boy for W H Smith & Son Ltd Sir Henry Royce was always known as 'R' at the factory. The practice of addressing people by their initials, especially on written memorandums, is still continued at the factory In 1949 an Italian owner, seeking permission to modify his Rolls-Royce, commissioned a seance to call up Henry Royce's spirit. Rolls-Royce legend has it that the advice from beyond the veil was: "Consult your authorised distributor" Examine the coachline that extends the full length of the Silver Spirit, you may be surprised to learn that it is applied by hand. This unerring line is 15' 6" long. At one time, Rolls-Royce engines held World Speed Records in the Air, on Land and on Water, simultaneously. It is possible that Rolls-Royce Motors is the best known British company name in the World. Letters have been received from remote corners of the globe addressed to the Royal Family, care of Rolls-Royce, England. There are 27 Electric Motors in every Silver Spirit. The Vicar of St Marys, Nantwich, took a Rolls-Royce into his church and blessed it, along with fruit & vegetables at the Harvest Festival service. A member of the congregation remarked "It's going in for it's first service". The badge on the Rolls-Royce was changed from Red to Black not, as popularly believed to commemorate Henry Royce's death, but because Royce himself decided Black was aesthetically more appropriate. Some customers complained that the red badge often clashed with the colour of the car. The Prince of Wales was particularly outspoken on the subject. Every piece of glass in a Silver Spirit is given a final polish with powdered pumice of a fineness normally used for polishing optical lenses Just inside the main entrance to the offices at the Roll-Royce factory in Crewe, there is a bust of Henry Royce facing one of Charles Rolls. For many years the bust of Royce stood in No 1 shop at the Derby factory and contained his ashes, until they were sent to Alwalton church were Royce had been christened. The 4 final polishings on some gearbox components was not done with jewellers rouge (which is too coarse) but fine ground oat husks Although he designed some of the great aero engines of all time, Royce never travelled in an aircraft. 'I have only one regret' said Royce as he lay dying,	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,819	"What was the original title of ""The Goon Show""?"	The Goon Show Site - History and Background of The Goons About The Goons History The Goons met in the 1940s before going on to create the most influential comedy show of their era. Like many of the post war entertainers, they all began performing whilst serving in the forces. Here is a brief history of the show and its cast. 1939 WAR. All 4 founder members of the Goons were involved in World War 2 (as was most of the world). Individually, the Goons get involved in entertaining the armed forces. 1945 WAR ends. Score 2-0 to the allies. The atomic bomb stops play. 1949 By now all 4 original Goons are in London carving out individual careers on stage and radio and Spike is getting into script writing. They begin to gather at a pub called 'Graftons' which becomes a popular watering hole for them and other up and coming stars. Jimmy Grafton, the Landlord of the pub (and scriptwriter) is instrumental in getting the Goons started at the BBC. He will also edit the early series of the show. 1950 The BBC are approached by the Goons with their ideas for a new radio show. They are eventually given a chance. 1951 A pilot episode was made in early February and the first series started on the BBC in May. The first series was titled 'Crazy People' as the BBC did not like the name 'The Goon Show'. These early shows contained a number of short sketches and musical interludes. Many of the characters to be loved later pop up in these early shows. By the end of the year the show finally gets its intended title 'The Goon Show'. 1952 At the end of the second series, 4 becomes 3 as Michael Bentine leaves to pursue other aspects of his life and career. The shows become more developed with the same characters appearing each week. The madcap comedy, characters and sound effects become more ined. 1953 The original announcer (Andrew Timothy) leaves, saying he 'feared for his sanity'. He is replaced by Wallace 'Bill' Greenslade. During series 3 Spike suffers his first nervous breakdown and misses 12 programs. Larry Stephens and Maurice Whiltshire do most of the writing, with Sellers and other actors playing Milligan's characters during this period. With the next (4th) series, the show begins to have a single plot giving the show its well known format. 1954 The BBC Transcription service starts to record shows, making them available to organisations in other countries. This gives the show an international audience. Eric Sykes starts to assist in writing some shows. 1954 to 1959 The show becomes hugely sucessful with large listening figures. All 3 Goons become established household names both for The Goon Show and in their own right. 1959 Milligan announces that the 9th series will be the last. At the end of one recording session a group of girls hand over a petition signed by 1,030 listeners pleading with him to carry on writing The Goons. Harry Secombe also misses the recording of the final episode. One more series was made. 1960 The tenth and last series ends with the shows popularity still high. 'It's better to go out on top'. 1960 Onwards (After the Goons) Harry Secombe continues to be a popular and well loved entertainer and singer. Spike performs on stage, writes books, plays, poetry and TV comedy including the acclaimed 'Q' series. Peter becomes an international film star with classics such as Dr Strangelove, The Pink Panther, Being There and many more (plus a few terrible ones that we don't like to talk about!). The Goons occasionally appear together in film and TV etc. 1961 Announcer Wallace Greenslade dies unexpectedly at his home in Weybridge, Surrey, UK. 1963/64 The Telegoons is shown on BBC-TV. These are 15 minute puppet shows using some re-worked Goon Show scripts. This leads to a cartoon version of The Telegoons appearing in various comic strips. 1972 The Goons reunite to do a one off special called 'The Last Goon Show of All'. 1980 Peter Sellers dies aged 54 after years of worsening heart problems. 1996 Michael Bentine dies aged 74. 2001 Harry Secombe dies aged 79. 2002 Spike Milligan dies aged 83. That's all folks! Want to know more? A	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: February 2012 Macclesfield Pub Quiz League Specialist Rounds 21 February 2012 Tonight’s specialist questions have been set by the Puss In Boots, and vetted by the Albion. Entertainment: Radio Ha Ha Q1. What four unimaginative new names were given to the Home Service, Light and Third Programmes and their associated services following a reorganisation on 30 September 1967? A1. BBC Radios 1, 2, 3 and 4 [all four station names required]. Q2. The Mary Whitehouse Experience was Radio 1’s first attempt at a comedy series in 1989. The four original writers included Rob Newman and Hugh Dennis. Name one of the other two who went on to TV fame? A2. David Baddiel or Steve Punt Q3. The Million Pound Radio Show that aired in the mid-1980s launched the career of which TV funny man that went on to make ‘loadsamoney’? A3. Harry Enfield Q4. Which long-running topical television panel game was a taken from an idea first tested by Radio 4’s The News Quiz? A4. Have I Got News for You Q5. What was peculiar about Radio 4’s eight-and-a-half hour continuous broadcast on Boxing Day 2000? A5. Uninterrupted and unabridged reading of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (because JK Rowling refused to let it be serialised). Q6. Jack Dee now gives the panel members of I’m Sorry I Haven’t A Clue silly things to do, but whose famous jazz-trumpet playing shoes did he fill? A6. Humphrey Lyttelton Q7. Where is the radio show Old Harry’s Game set? A7. Hell Q8. Who wrote The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, originally a radio comedy, first broadcast in 1978? A8. Douglas Adams Supplementaries Q9. In which BBC Radio programme could you have found the characters Neddie, Eccles, Min, Major Bloodknock and Count Moriarty? A9. The Goon Show Q10. Mark Steel presenter of Mark Steel’s in Town, also writes a column for which national daily newspaper? A10. The Independent or the "i" Geography Q1. The Oresund bridge joins two European countries - name either of them. A1. Sweden or Denmark Q2. Which river separates Devon and Cornwall? A2. Tamar Q3. Which Motorway links Glasgow and Edinburgh? A3. M8 Q4. Which Motorway links Coventry and Leicester? A4. M69 Q5. Which is the only English port offering passenger ferry services to the Republic of Ireland? A5. Liverpool Q6. Which is the only English port offering passenger ferry services to Scandinavia? A6. Harwich (runs to Esbjerg in Denmark) Q7. Which British National Park has the longest Coastline? A7. Pembrokeshire Coast (260 miles) Q8. Near which British city would you find the mumbles? A8. Swansea Q9. What is the highest denomination Euro banknote available? A9. 500 Euro Q10. St Davids, St Thomas and St James Park are all railway stations in which British City? A10. Exeter Q1. Who was the maternal grandmother of Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany? A1. Queen Victoria of Great Britain Q2. What was St Petersburg known as between 1914 and 1924? A2. Petrograd [and then Leningrad until 1991 but I specifically want “Petrograd”] Q3. Who was Chancellor of West Germany at the time of its reunification with East Germany? A3. Helmut Kohl Q4. The Falange were a far right wing group holding power from the 1930s to 1970s in which European country? A4. Spain Q5. In which year did Ted Heath's Government impose the "Three Day Week"? A5. 1974 [leeway 1973-1975] Q6. Which British Prime Minister lived at Chartwell in Kent from 1924 to 1965? A6. Winston Churchill Q7. Apart from West Germany and France, name one other of the founding members in 1952 of the European Coal and Steel Community? A7. Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg Q8. In 1963, which French president vetoed the UK's application to join the European Economic Community? A8. Charles De Gaulle Supplementaries Q9. What was the name of the trade union that went on strike at the Lenin Shipyards in Gdansk in 1980? A9. Solidarity ("Solidarnosc" if anyone can remember the Polish). Q10. What is the name of the Bosnian town, infamous as the site of the July 1995 mass murders perpetrated by Ratko Mladic's forces? A10. Srebrenica [pronounced Sreb-ren-it	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,820	Make sure to wear flowers in your hair if you visit which famous hippie city?	Scott McKenzie - If You're Going To San Francisco - YouTube Scott McKenzie - If You're Going To San Francisco Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Oct 13, 2008 If you're going to San Francisco Be sure to wear some flowers in your hair If you're going to San Francisco You're gonna meet some gentle people there For those who come to San Francisco Summertime will be a love-in there In the streets of San Francisco Gentle people with flowers in their hair All across the nation such a strange vibration People in motion There's a whole generation with a new explanation People in motion people in motion For those who come to San Francisco Be sure to wear some flowers in your hair If you come to San Francisco Summertime will be a love-in there If you come to San Francisco Summertime will be a love-in there Category	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,821	Which former US Secretary of State returned to academia in 2009 to teach political science at Stanford University?	Rice grilled over torture at Stanford - YouTube Rice grilled over torture at Stanford Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on May 6, 2009 http://observers.france24.com/en/cont... A Stanford University student grills ex-US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice over the Bush administration's torture policy. Who sounds more convincing: Rice or Jeremy Cohn? Condoleezza Rice, former US President George W. Bush's security advisor and then secretary of state (2005-2009), returned to teach political science at Stanford University, where she was a professor before entering politics, in March. Jeremy Cohn is a student at Stanford. We see him questioning Condoleeza Rice in the video. The strong points were when she was talking about the situation in the country soon after September 11. It's true that a lot of people were scared and we were facing a very difficult time. A lot of the things she said at the beginning [were good], especially when she said that we can't always choose our allies. It's true that the world is a very imperfect place and that tough decisions need to be taken. But the excuse isn't valid enough. If we entrust these officials with important responsibilties, it's because we want them to take decisions without being influenced by public opinion. In the end, she didn't really convince me. My question about the United States and how we're supposed to move forward with all of those secrets coming out just turned into a regular defense of all the basic talking points within the administration. Finally, many other students shared my opinion that she was evasive and got very defensive." Category	On this day...: October - Learning English Online Learning English Online October 1 331 BC – Alexander the Great of Macedon defeated Darius III of Persia at the Battle of Gaugamela, and was subsequently crowned "King of Asia" in a ceremony in Arbela. 1850 – The University of Sydney, Australia's oldest university, was established. 1890 – At the urging of preservationist John Muir and writer Robert Underwood Johnson, the United States Congress established Yosemite National Park in California. 1891 – Stanford University, founded by railroad magnate and California Governor Leland Stanford and his wife Jane Stanford on their former farm lands in Palo Alto, California, officially opened with 559 students and free tuition. 1898 – The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration, currently the largest university focusing on business and economics in Europe, was founded as k.u.k. Exportakademie. 1910 – A large bomb destroyed the Los Angeles Times building in Los Angeles, killing 21 people. 1936 – Francisco Franco was declared Generalísimo and head of state during the Spanish Civil War. 1949 – Chinese Civil War: Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. 1958 – NASA began operations, replacing the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). 1964 – Tokaido Shinkansen, the first Shinkansen line of high-speed railways in Japan, opened for service. 1965 – A coup d'état in Indonesia by the self-proclaimed Thirtieth of September Movement was crushed by forces of General Suharto and sparked an anti-Communist purge. 1971 – Walt Disney World, the most visited and largest recreational resort in the world, opened near Orlando, Florida. 1991 – The Resource Management Act commenced in New Zealand, regulating access to natural and physical resources such as land, air and water, with sustainable use of these resources being the overriding goal. 2005 – Terrorist suicide bombs exploded at two sites in Bali, Indonesia, killing twenty people and injuring over 120 others. 2009 – The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, which acquired the judicial functions of the House of Lords, began work. October 2 1187 – The Siege of Jerusalem: Ayyubid forces led by Saladin captured Jerusalem, prompting the Third Crusade. 1263 – The armies of Norway and Scotland fought at the Battle of Largs, an inconclusive engagement near the present-day town of Largs in North Ayrshire. 1535 – French explorer Jacques Cartier sailed along the St. Lawrence River and reached the Iroquois fortified village Hochelaga on the island now known as Montreal. 1835 – Mexican dragoons dispatched to disarm settlers at Gonzales, Texas, encountered stiff resistance from a Texian militia in the Battle of Gonzales, the first armed engagement of the Texas Revolution. 1851 – The Pasilalinic-sympathetic compass, a contraption built to prove the belief that snails create a permanent telepathic link when they touch, was demonstrated but proved to be a fake. 1928 – Saint Josemaría Escrivá founded Opus Dei, a worldwide organisation of lay members of the Roman Catholic Church. 1941 – World War II: Nazi German forces began Operation Typhoon, an all-out offensive against Moscow, starting the three-month long Battle of Moscow. 1950 – Peanuts, the syndicated comic strip by Charles M. Schulz, featuring Charlie Brown and his pet Snoopy, was first published in major newspapers. 1967 – Thurgood Marshall was sworn in as the first African-American Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 1968 – A peaceful student demonstration in the Tlatelolco area of Mexico City ended when army and police forces began firing into the crowd. 1992 – In response to a prison riot, military police stormed the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil, killing at least 100 prisoners. 2005 – In American football, 103,467 paid fans at Mexico City's Estadio Azteca watched the Arizona Cardinals defeat the San Francisco 49ers, 31–14, the first-ever National Football League regular season game ever held outside the United States. 2006 – A gun	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,822	Who was the Greek goddess of the Moon?	SELENE - Greek Goddess of the Moon (Roman Luna) Selene Moon (selênê) Selene goddess of the moon, Athenian red-figure kylix C5th B.C., Antikensammlung Berlin SELENE was the Titan goddess of the moon. She was depicted as a woman riding sidesaddle on a horse or driving a chariot drawn by a pair of winged steeds. Her lunar sphere or crescent was either a crown set upon her head or the fold of a raised, shining cloak. She was sometimes said to drive a team of oxen and her lunar crescent was likened to a pair of bull's horns. Selene's great love was the shepherd prince Endymion . The beautiful boy was granted eternal youth and immortality by Zeus and placed in a state of eternal slumber in a cave near the peak of Lydian Mount Latmos (Latmus). His heavenly bride consorted with him there in the night. A number of other goddesses were also associated with the moon, however, only Selene was represented by the old Greek poets represented as the moon incarnate. Other Greek moon goddesses included Pasiphae , the Leukippides (Leucippes) , Eileithyia , Hekate (Hecate) , Artemis , Bendis , and Hera (who sometimes doubled for Selene in the Endymion myth). FAMILY OF SELENE [1.1] HYPERION & THEIA (Hesiod Theogony 371, Apollodorus 1.8, Hyginus Preface) [1.2] HYPERION & EURYPHAESSA (Homeric Hymn 31 to Helios) [2.1] PALLAS (Homeric Hymn 4 to Hermes 100, Ovid Fasti 4.373) [3.1] HELIOS (Euripides Phoenicians 175, Nonnus Dionysiaca 44.198) OFFSPRING [1.1] PANDEIA (by Zeus ) (Homeric Hymn 32 to Selene, Hyginus Preface) [2.1] ERSA (by Zeus ) (Greek Lyric II Alcman Frag 57) [3.1] NEMEA (by Zeus ) (Scholiast on Pindar's Nemean Ode) [5.1] THE MENAI x50 (by Endymion ) (Pausanias 5.1.5) [6.1] NEMEAN LION (Aelian On Animals 12.7, Hyginus Fabulae 30, Seneca Hercules Furens 83) [7.1] MOUSAIOS (Ion of Chiod Frag 30a, Plato Republic 364d, Philodemus On Piety) [8.1] NARKISSOS (by Endymion ) (Nonnus Dionysiaca 48.582) ENCYCLOPEDIA SELE′NE (Selênê), also called Mene, or Latin Luna, was the goddess of the moon, or the moon personified into a divine being. She is called a daughter of Hyperion and Theia, and accordingly a sister of Helios and Eos (Hes. Theog. 371, &c.; Apollod. i. 2. § 2; Schol. ad Pind. Isthm. v. 1, ad Apollon. Rhod. iv. 55); but others speak of her as a daughter of Hyperion by Euryphaessa (Hom. Hymn. 31. 5), or of Pallas (Hom. Hymn. in Merc. 99, &c.), or of Zeus and Latona (Schol. ad Eurip. Phoen. 175), or lastly of Helios (Eurip. l.c.; comp. Hygin. Praef. p. 10, ed. Muncker). She is also called Phoebe, as the sister of Phoebus, the god of the sun. By Endymion, whom she loved, and whom she sent to sleep in order to kiss him, she became the mother of fifty daughters (Apollod. i. 7. § 5; Cic. Tusc. i. 38; Catull. 66. 5; Paus. v. 1. § 2); by Zeus she became the mother of Pandeia, Ersa, and Nemea (Hom. Hymn. 32. 14 ; Plut. Sympos. iii. in fin.; Schol. ad Pind. Nem. Hypoth. p. 425, ed. Böckh). Pan also is said to have had connexion with her in the shape of a white ram (Virg. Georg. iii. 391). Selene is described as a very beautiful goddess, with long wings and a golden diadem (Hom. Hymn. 32. 1, 7), and Aeschylus (Sept. 390) calls her the eye of night. She rode, like her brother Helios, across the heavens in a chariot drawn by two white horses, cows, or mules (Ov. Fast. iv. 374, iii. 110, Rem. Am. 258 ; Auson. Ep. v. 3; Claudian, Rapt. Proserp. iii. 403; Nonn. Dionys. vii. 244). She was represented on the pedestal of the throne of Zeus at Olympia, riding on a horse or a mule (Paus. v. 11. § 3); and at Elis there was a statue of her with two horns (Paus. vi. 24. § 5). In later times Selene was identified with Artemis, and the worship of the two became amalgamated (Callim. Hymn. in Dian. 114, 141 ; Soph. Oed. Tyr. 207 ; Plut. Sympos. l.c.; Catull. 34. 16; Serv. ad Aen. iv. 511, vi. 118). In works of art, however, the two divinities are usually distinguished; the face of Selene being more full and round, her figure less tall, and always clothed in a long robe; her veil forms an arch above her head, and above it there is the crescent. At Rome Luna had a	Iapetus, moon of Saturn - The Solar System on Sea and Sky Cassini close-up view of the dark colored side of Iapetus (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute) Son of Uranus Iapetus [eye-AP-i-tus] is the seventeenth of Saturn's moons and the third largest. It was named after a Greek Titan who was the son of Uranus and the father of Prometheus and Atlas. He was also an ancestor of the human race. According to legend, Iapetus was later imprisoned by Zeus in Tartarus after the rebellion of the Titans against the gods. Iapetus was discovered by Giovanni Cassini in 1671. Most of what we now know this moon came from the Voyager missions. Cassini close-up showing bright terrain coated with dark material (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute) Cassini image with dark material splattered on light terrain (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute) A Moon of Contrast Iapetus is probably the most unusual of Saturn's moons. It has a low density similar to that of Rhea. This indicates that it contains very little rocky material and is composed mainly of water ice. Iapetus is a moon of stark contrasts. Its leading hemisphere is very dark with a slight reddish color, while its trailing hemisphere is very bright. The dark area is one of the darkest terrains in the Solar System, and is darker than asphalt. The reason for this dark matter on the leading side is not known. It could be composed of dark matter swept up from space, or it could be something that flowed out from within the moon. Some astronomers believe that the dark matter could have originated on Saturn's moon, Phoebe. Phoebe has a low albedo. Material could have been blasted into space by impacts, where it was then deposited on the surface of Iapetus. One problem with this theory, however, is that the color of the material on Phoebe and Iapetus do not match. Another theory states that this dark material may have been formed by eruptions of methane from deep within the moon. The fact that this area is fairly devoid of craters would suggest that this material is replenished regularly. One puzzling aspect of this phenomenon is that the dividing line between the dark and light areas is extremely sharp. No one seems to know why. Cassini spacecraft close-up image of Iapetus showing its diverse surface features. The light areas are likely composed of ice. The darker areas represent a thin coating of an unknown material. (ESA/NASA/JPL/University of Arizona) Features of Iapetus The dark, smooth region of Iapetus is known as the Cassini Regio. Very few craters can be found in this region. Astronomers believe that the dark material that covers this region is continually being replenished, thus covering any new craters that may appear. On the opposite side of Iapetus lies the Roncevaux Terra. This region is littered with hundreds of craters. The largest of these craters is known as Roland and is 90 miles (144 km) in diameter. The second largest crater in this area, called Marsilion, is 84 miles (136 km) in diameter. Iapetus has no detectable atmosphere and no magnetic field.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,823	If you land at Reina Scofia Airport, which island are you on?	Tenerife South Airport Guide - Information On Tenerife Reina Sofia Airport Tenerife South Airport Tenerife South Airport Guide Tenerife South Airport is often referred to as Reina Sofia or Tenerife Sur. It is the larger airport on the island handling most of the holiday flights. Tenerife North Los Rodeos Airport is in the north of the island and mostly handles inter-island and Spanish domestic flights. It was opened in 1978 by Queen Sofia (hence the name) after the island authorities decided they needed a new location for an airport as the existing one did not meet technical requirements due to adverse weather conditions. So it is likely that if you are flying from the UK or Ireland you will land at Tenerife South Airport and not Los Rodeos in the north. The airport is situated to the south of the island in the heart of the tourist area. The island's capital Santa Cruz is 60km to the south west of the and the popular resort of Playa de Las Americas is 16km to the south east.. It is close to the TF1 which links Santa Cruz with the south of the island and has its own dedicated exit from the motorway. There are excellent transport links with the public bus service offering cheap and fast services most part of the island. Line 343 connects the South Airport with the North Airport . There are no rail services on Tenerife. The airport has a single terminal and if you need any assistance on flight enquiries, general airport information and lost property then there are two information desks with bilingual staff in the central hall opposite arrivals and departures. If you have mobility problems then you'll be delighted to learn that the airport is very accessible for wheelchair users with lifts to the upper floors. Other facilities to assist disabled passengers incude telephones, restaurants and toilets. It is important that travellers with mobility problems give their airline notice of any special requirements at least 72 hours before departure to give them time to make the necessary arrangements. This island is crowned by volcanic Mount Teide in the National Park. It's the highest in Spain at 3,718 metres and has been declared a World Heritage Site by Unesco. The easiest way to get there is to hire a car which you leave in a safe area before catching the cable car to get to its summit. It's still active, but the only volcanic evidence I've experienced is the smell of rotten eggs caused by sulphur gas emissions. Tenerife is busiest during the winter months when its warm climate attracts Northern European tourists who flock there to get some some sunshine. In 2014 Tenerife Reina Sofia Airport handled 9.176.274passengers with 9.176.274 flight operations.	World Jeopardy Jeopardy Template The national dish of Spain 100 It is the earth's largest continent? 100 This flag is red, white and blue and has fifty stars. 100 The Yankees and Mets play this type of sport. 100 Who is Lasse Hallstrom? What is the name of the Swedish director who directed Chocolat and My Life as a Dog? 200 I am the national dish of _________ and my name is Coucou. 200 The boundary between Mexico and Belize called this. 200 Green, Yellow, Blue, and White are the colors of this South American flag. 200 Zinedine Zidane The French football player who was known as the European footballer of the year in 1998 and was apart of the 1998 World Cup winning team? 200 What is Bengali? India's national anthem is written in what language that is also the national language of one of its neighbors? 300 I am the national dish of France, but i am eaten often in America. 300 lt's what divides the U.K. from Ireland. 300 White, Blue and Red are this country's colors' flag after the fall of Communism. 300 D) Fast speed skating Which of the "skating" is actually not a skating event ? A) Long track speedskating B) Short track speedskating C) speed skating D) Fast speed skating 300 Who is Calliope? This musical instrument takes its name from a muse who was used in riverboats and in circuses because of its loudness 400 What is grits? Popular in the South (of the United States), this food is made out of corn and usually served with breakfast. 400 The U.S.'s largest trading partner? 400 What are the colors of the South Sudan flag? Black, Yellow, Green, White, Red, and Blue 400 The Jets and Giants play this popular game? 400 Who is Lady Gaga? The Queen song "Radio Ga Ga" is said to be the main inspiration behind the name of this current day hit singer. 500 It is the name of the country that the Pizza Hut franchise began in. 500 The name of the country that is the most populous in the world? 500 It is a white flag with a red circle in the middle. 500 It is where the 2008 Olympics were held. 500 What is Baby it's Cold Outside? This 1944 pop standard by Frank Loesser has a man attempting to convince his date to stay with him because of the weather.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,824	What was the primary tank used by the United States in World War 2?	M4 Sherman Medium Tank \| World War II Database World War II Database Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbaseOn 31 Aug 1940, the United States Army Ordnance Department submitted the M4 tank design as a potential replacement for the existing M3 tanks. It was approved on 18 Apr 1941 as the prototype promised a tank that was as capable as the successful German tanks. The first model was completed on 2 Sep 1941, and the design entered full production in Feb 1942, three months after the United States entered WW2. ww2dbaseDuring the war, the M4 tanks, now nicknamed "Sherman" by the British, served with the United States with its Army and Marine Corps, and also with several Allied nations, notably Britain and Canada, and with the Soviet forces. The first American Sherman tanks in combat were of the M4A1 variant that landed in North Africa in Nov 1942 during Operation Torch, although the British had already saw combat with them a month before at the Second Battle of El Alamein in Egypt. They were extremely effective with high top speed, adequate armor to stop smaller caliber anti-tank guns, and weapons capable of penetrating German armor. Through the Desert War, they slowly replaced their predecessor, the M3 Lee tanks, as the main medium tank of the United States Army. After the invasion of Normandy in Jun 1944, it was discovered that the 75-millimeter guns found in earlier Sherman tanks were ineffective against new German tank types, namely the Panther and Tiger models, and two new variants were produced, one with the new high velocity 76-millimeter M1 guns and the other with a 90-millimeter M3 guns. Despite the upgrades, however, the armament of Sherman tanks were still far inferior to the Panther tanks' 75-millimeter gun, only effective against Panther tanks at close range, which led to the high loss rate at the start of the Normandy Campaign. In Jul 1944, the hypervelocity armor piercing (HVAP) ammunition entered mass production as M93 and became the standard armor piercing ammunition, which eased the situation slightly, but limited production meant only tank destroyer units received them. By the end of the European War, half of the US Army tanks in this theater were M4 Sherman tanks. ww2dbaseWhile Americans developed more lethal rounds to improve the M4 Sherman tanks, the British took a different approach. Royal Tank Regiment Major George Brighty led an effort to modify certain batches of M4 Sherman tanks, particularly the M4 (Sherman I) and M4A4 (Sherman V) variants, so that they would carry the larger caliber 17-pounder guns. The end result were the Sherman Firefly tanks, which effectively became the most powerfully gunned Allied tanks of World War II, capable of dueling the feared German Panther and Tiger tanks. Sherman Firefly tanks were first used by British and Commonwealth units on 6 Jun 1944 at the Normandy landings, and were used until the end of the European War. ww2dbaseIn the Pacific War, where tank battles were few and far in-between, the M4 Sherman tanks easily out-classed their Japanese counterparts. Unlike their North African and European counterparts, the Sherman tanks deployed to the Pacific often used high explosive rounds instead of armor piercing rounds; the decision was made due to the reason that the Japanese tanks were thinly-armored, and armor piercing rounds often went through the tank without detonating the explosives. The armor piercing rounds, though, remained effective against defensive fortifications. Rather unique in the Pacific theater was the deployment of Sherman tanks that were equipped with flamethrowers, which were seen in the European War but the usage was limited. The M4 Sherman design had a escape hatch at the bottom of the hull, originally placed to provide another route of escape should the tank become disabled. This hatch gained an alternative use in the Pacific War as a method of recovering the wounded as Japanese snipers frequently targeted Americans dispatched to treat them. ww2dbaseNotable weaknesses of the M4 Sherman tanks include the ease for earlier variants to	Aleutian Islands Introduction World War II was the largest and most violent armed conflict in the history of mankind. However, the half century that now separates us from that conflict has exacted its toll on our collective knowledge. While World War II continues to absorb the interest of military scholars and historians, as well as its veterans, a generation of Americans has grown to maturity largely unaware of the political, social, and military implications of a war that, more than any other, united us as a people with a common purpose. Highly relevant today, World War II has much to teach us, not only about the profession of arms, but also about military preparedness, global strategy, and combined operations in the coalition war against fascism. During the next several years, the U.S. Army will participate in the nation's 50th anniversary commemoration of World War II. The commemoration will include the publication of various materials to help educate Americans about that war. The works produced will provide great opportunities to learn about and renew pride in an Army that fought so magnificently in what has been called "the mighty endeavor." World War II was waged on land, on sea, and in the air over several diverse theaters of operation for approximately six years. The following essay is one of a series of campaign studies highlighting those struggles that, with their accompanying suggestions for further reading, are designed to introduce you to one of the Army's significant military feats from that war. This brochure was prepared in the U.S. Army Center of Military History by George L. MacGarrigle. I hope this absorbing account of that period will enhance your appreciation of American achievements during World War II. 3 June 1942-24 August 1943 After securing strategically located bases during its war with China, Japan set out to create its long-coveted greater east Asia co-prosperity empire. Opening with a crushing attack upon Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 that temporarily neutralized the U.S. Pacific Fleet, the imperial High Command quickly followed by dispatching large forces to seize the Philippines, Malaya, and the Netherlands East Indies and preparing plans for new bases from which to strike Australia and India. By June 1942 Japanese authority on the Asian mainland had extended beyond Malaya into Thailand and Burma. In the western Pacific, it encompassed most of the larger islands north of Australia and east of Midway. In the wake of such astounding military success, Japan decided to push onward rather than consolidate its gains. Its next objectives, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, were clearly to be used as steppingstones to Australia. Between those objectives and the Australian continent was the Coral Sea, where in early May the American Navy had checked a powerful Japanese fleet in a battle that frustrated the enemy's hope for an early invasion of Australia. Remaining on the defensive throughout the Pacific, the United States hurriedly fortified island bases along a great arc extending from Pearl Harbor to Sydney to keep open the shipping routes to Australia. With only limited numbers of troops available, it nevertheless joined Australia in planning an offensive in New Guinea and the Solomons to halt Japanese advances. To command this offensive in what became known as the Southwest Pacific Area, President Franklin D. Roosevelt selected General Douglas MacArthur, leaving the remainder of the Pacific theater under the direction of the Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. Nimitz's command was divided into three combat areas (north, central, and south). The North Pacific Area extended west from the continental United States, Canada, and the Territory of Alaska across the Pacific to the Asian mainland. Included within Nimitz's North Pacific Area were Japan's northern islands, the Kuriles, and, just 650 miles to the east, Alaska's Aleutian chain. Protruding in a long, sweeping curve for more than a thousand miles westward from the tip of the Alaskan Penin	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,825	Ashkenazic and Sephardic are the two divisions of what cultire?	Judaism 101: Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jews Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jews There are several subgroups of Jews with different culture and traditions: Ashkenazic: Descendants of Jews from France, Germany and Eastern Europe Sephardic: Descendants of Jews from Spain, Portugal, North Africa and the Middle East Mizrachi: Descendants of Jews from North Africa and the Middle East Other subgroups are Yemenite, Ethiopian and Oriental Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jews represent two distinct subcultures of Judaism. We are all Jews and share the same basic beliefs, but there are some variations in culture and practice. It's not clear when the split began, but it has existed for more than a thousand years, because around the year 1000 C.E. , Rabbi Gershom ben Judah issued an edict against polygamy that was accepted by Ashkenazim but not by Sephardim. Who are Ashkenazic Jews? Ashkenazic Jews are the Jews of France, Germany, and Eastern Europe and their descendants. The adjective "Ashkenazic" and corresponding nouns, Ashkenazi (singular) and Ashkenazim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word "Ashkenaz," which is used to refer to Germany. Most American Jews today are Ashkenazim, descended from Jews who emigrated from Germany and Eastern Europe from the mid 1800s to the early 1900s. The pages in this site are written from the Ashkenazic Jewish perspective. Who are Sephardic Jews? Sephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa and the Middle East and their descendants. The adjective "Sephardic" and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word "Sepharad," which refers to Spain. Sephardic Jews are often subdivided into Sephardim, from Spain and Portugal, and Mizrachim, from the Northern Africa and the Middle East. The word "Mizrachi" comes from the Hebrew word for Eastern. There is much overlap between the Sephardim and Mizrachim. Until the 1400s, the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and the Middle East were all controlled by Muslims, who generally allowed Jews to move freely throughout the region. It was under this relatively benevolent rule that Sephardic Judaism developed. When the Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492, many of them were absorbed into existing Mizrachi communities in Northern Africa and the Middle East. Most of the early Jewish settlers of North America were Sephardic. The first Jewish congregation in North America, Shearith Israel , founded in what is now New York in 1684, was Sephardic and is still active. Philadelphia's first Jewish congregation, Congregation Mikveh Israel , founded in 1740, was also a Sephardic one, and is also still active. In Israel, a little more than half of all Jews are Mizrachim, descended from Jews who have been in the land since ancient times or who were forced out of Arab countries after Israel was founded. Most of the rest are Ashkenazic, descended from Jews who came to the Holy Land (then controlled by the Ottoman Turks) instead of the United States in the late 1800s, or from Holocaust survivors, or from other immigrants who came at various times. About 1% of the Israeli population are the black Ethiopian Jews who fled during the brutal Ethiopian famine in the late 1980s and early 1990s. What is the difference between Sephardic and Ashkenazic? The beliefs of Sephardic Judaism are basically in accord with those of Orthodox Judaism , though Sephardic interpretations of halakhah (Jewish Law) are somewhat different than Ashkenazic ones. The best-known of these differences relates to the holiday of Pesach (Passover) : Sephardic Jews may eat rice, corn, peanuts and beans during this holiday, while Ashkenazic Jews avoid them. Although some individual Sephardic Jews are less observant than others, and some individuals do not agree with all of the beliefs of traditional Judaism, there is no formal, organized differentiation into movements as there is in Ashkenazic Judaism. Historically, Sephardic Jews have been more integrated into the local non-Jewish culture than Ashkenazic Jews. In the Chris	Four Quarters of the Old City - Jerusalem 101 4- Christian Quarter The Jewish Quarter - is located just west of the Western Wall (back to top). The Jewish Quarter is a thriving modern community with more than 1,000 families. It has been rebuilt out of the rubble that was left from Jordanian occupation of the area from 1948 until the Six Day War of 1967. Since the destruction was severe, the Jews who returned to the Old City in 1967 excavated the quarter’s archaeological remains first and then built their city over, around and beside the ancient discoveries. Today there are numerous synagogues and schools for Jewish studies, along with contemporary shops and restaurants up and down the streets. The ancient Roman Cardo Street (135 AD) with its old Byzantine bazaar (325 AD) has been preserved and is filled with trendy new businesses that sell a wide variety of items, including original art work by local artists. A bookstore with Jewish t-shirts, jewelry, photos, etc. located just west of the Western Wall. It is the Jewish version of a Christian bookstore. I spent a couple hours on two different occasions talking to the owner. He has written two books. A friendly Orthodox Jew who approached me to talk and volunteered to exchange photos at the Western Wall. Notice the Herodian Ashlar stones in the wall behind him. The thin partition wall on the right side of the photo seperates the men and women's side of the Prayer Plaza. Galyn, Ryan and Jenn talking in the streets of the Jewish Quarter in Jerusalem. Here we are at a Jewish cafe in the Jewish Quarter. Class at mid-night on the prayer plaza at the Western Wall. Israeli police and IDF (Israeli Defense Force) leave the West Wall Plaza in the Jewish Quarter. Muslim Quarter (back to top) The Muslim Quarter is the largest and most populated of the four quarters in the Old City. Developed by Herod the Great, organized by the Christian ByzantineEmpire, and then occupied by the Christian Crusaders, even this section is full of Churches and Christian shrines. The main streets, El-Wad (which leads to the Damascus Gate) and Via Dolorosa (which runs from the Lions Gate to intersect El-Wad), are bazaars with Muslim shopkeepers ready to sell the Christian Pilgrim a plastic crucifix or olive wood nativity set. When Jesus walked through these streets to his crucifixion they were busy even then and would have been filled with shops. Closer to the Temple Mount (or as the Muslims call it the Hara mesh-Sharif, meaning “The Noble Sanctuary”), buildings from the Mamelukes’ reconstruction of the city from 1250 to 1516 can be seen. This area today preserves some of the fine medieval Islamic architecture. Toni (white straw hat) shopping in the Muslim Quarter through the covered street bazaar. Galyn purchases a Coke and a bottle of water in the Muslim Quarter. The Damascus Gate from the inside. Israeli soldiers patrol the Muslim Quarter. Cell phone on the Temple Mount. Armenian Quarter (back to top) The nation of Armenia was the first nation to declare itself a Christian nation. They did this in 301, before the days of Constantine, but Armenians had been living in Jerusalem since 95 B.C. The Armenian Quarter was established on Mount Zion 301. Right before the Crusader period (1099-1187 A.D.) the Armenian Quarter began to develop. It reached its current size during the Ottoman period (1517-1917). Today the Armenian “quarter” covers about one-sixth of the Old City. An Armenian woman hand paints the ceramics created in her father's local shop. Buses and cars run through the narrow streets in the Armenian Quarter by entering and exiting the Joppa Gate. Smaller cars also use the Zion Gate. Israeli soldiers at the Zion Gate in the Armenian Quarter. The streets of the Old City in the Armenian Quarter early in the morning around 1:00 AM. JUC, Jerusalem University College, on the Mount of Zion just outside the walls of the Armenian Quarter. Dr. Carl Rasmussen and Mary bumped into Toni and Galyn outside the Armenian Quarter. Carl and Mary were returning from an excursion in the West	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,826	In 1968, which American artist was shot and wounded by Valerie Solanis, an actress in one of his films?	On This Day: Valerie Solanas Shoots Andy Warhol Valerie Solanas is booked after shooting Andy Warhol, June 3, 1968. On This Day: Valerie Solanas Shoots Andy Warhol June 03, 2011 06:00 AM Andy Warhol Nearly Killed Valerie Solanas, angered that Andy Warhol had lost a script of hers, made an afternoon visit to Warhol’s Midtown Manhattan studio , known as The Factory, with a .32 revolver stashed in a brown paper bag. Warhol, accompanied by his boyfriend, Jed Johnson, and art critic Mario Amaya, saw Solanas outside The Factory and invited her in. Once inside, Solanas pulled out the gun . The Village Voice’s Howard Smith described: “Warhol turned and saw the gun. ‘Valerie,’ he yelled. ‘Don't do it! No! No!’ She fired three shots, and Warhol fell to the floor.” Solanas then shot Amaya and aimed at Warhol’s manager, Fred Hughes, but her gun jammed and she fled. She later turned herself in to rookie traffic cop William Shemalix, handing him her gun and saying she had shot Andy Warhol “because he had too much control of my life.” After the shooting, Warhol was taken to Columbus Hospital and was pronounced dead, but doctors resuscitated him and he survived after emergency surgery. PBS: Andy Warhol: A Documentary Film Andy Warhol was an eccentric artist and filmmaker who frequently collaborated with other artists and writers, often employing them for his films. He became one of the most influential personalities of his generation, entertaining the young and hip in his New York City “Factory.” Holding an unabashed fascination with celebrity, Warhol famously remarked, “In the future everybody will be world famous for fifteen minutes.” He created art that embraced consumerism and a culture of mass production . The famous “Campbell’s Soup Cans” series in the early 1960s made Warhol a world-renowned artist and something of a celebrity. Warhol, who also delved into sculpture and filmmaking, is credited with fathering Pop Art. Warhol’s life became more subdued after the shooting. He died at the age of 58 in February 1987 due to complications after gall bladder surgery. The BBC offers a glimpse of Warhol’s methods and inspiration through a series of recorded interviews in which the artist discusses his technique, his favorite subject, (Liza Minelli) and his love of his Sony Walkman. A troubled woman, Valerie Solanas had been abandoned by her father as a child . She gave birth at age 15 and later worked as a prostitute in New York City. In the early 1960s, hoping to become a member of Warhol’s entourage, Solanas had showed him one of her plays , “Up Your Ass.” Warhol later said of the play, “I looked through it briefly and it was so dirty, I thought she might be working for the police department and that this was some kind of entrapment.” Hoping to appease Solanas, Warhol paid her 25 dollars to be in his film, “I, a Man.” Solanas began hanging around Warhol and The Factory, but received little attention. In 1967, she outlined her radical feminist ideology in the SCUM Manifesto , described by American Heritage’s Elizabeth Hoover as “an anti-male, anti-capitalist screed that called on women to ‘eliminate’ men.” She served three years in prison for the shootings, and spent much of her life on the streets and in mental hospitals for schizophrenia before her death in 1988.	Greatest Film Directors and Their Best Films (Alphabetical Order, Unranked) ROGER CORMAN 1926- Extremely Prolific King (Producer and Director) of the Independents and Classic, Tacky, Low-Budget B's (Horror and Sci-Fi) and Drive-In Movies Suggested Filmography: Swamp Women (1955), The Day the World Ended (1956), It Conquered the World (1956), Not of This Earth (1957), The Undead (1957), Attack of the Crab Monsters (1957), Sorority Girl (1957), Machine-Gun Kelly (1958), A Bucket of Blood (1959), House of Usher (1960), The Little Shop of Horrors (1960), The Wasp Woman (1960), The Intruder (1961), The Pit and the Pendulum (1961), The Premature Burial (1962), Tales of Terror (1962), X - The Man With the X-Ray Eyes (1963), The Haunted Palace (1963), The Raven (1963), The Terror (1963), The Masque of the Red Death (1964), The Tomb of Ligeia (1965), The Wild Angels (1966), The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967), The Trip (1967), Bloody Mama (1970), Death Race 2000 (1975), Frankenstein Unbound (1990). DAVID CRONENBERG 1943- GEORGE CUKOR 1899-1983 Cosmopolitan, Refined "Woman's" Director During 50 Year Career Wit and class distinguish his sophisticated pictures, which star Katharine and Audrey Hepburn and Greta Garbo. Suggested Filmography: A Bill of Divorcement (1932), One Hour With You (1932), What Price Hollywood? (1932), Little Women (1933) , Dinner at Eight (1933) , David Copperfield (1935), Camille (1936) , Romeo and Juliet (1936), Sylvia Scarlett (1936), Holiday (1938), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1938), Gone With The Wind (1939) (partial), The Women (1939), The Philadelphia Story (1940) , Keeper of the Flame (1942), Gaslight (1944) , A Double Life (1947), Adam's Rib (1949) , Born Yesterday (1950), The Marrying Kind (1952), Pat and Mike (1952), A Star is Born (1954) , It Should Happen to You (1954), Lust for Life (1956) (co-director, uncredited), Bhowani Junction (1956), Les Girls (1957), Let's Make Love (1960), My Fair Lady (1964) , Travels With My Aunt (1972), Rich and Famous (1981). MICHAEL CURTIZ 1888-1962 Hollywood's Most Prolific, Skilled and Colorful Hungarian-born Director of the 30s and 40s He made Casablanca and Elvis Presley's King Creole, along with dozens of movies in every genre, from action to horror to melodrama. Suggested Filmography: Cabin in the Cotton (1932) , Doctor X (1932), The Kennel Murder Case (1933), The Mystery of the Wax Museum (1933), Captain Blood (1935), The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936), The Walking Dead (1936), Anthony Adverse (1936), Kid Galahad (1937), Marked Woman (1937), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938) , Angels With Dirty Faces (1938) , Four Daughters (1938), Dodge City (1939), The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939), Santa Fe Trail (1940), The Sea Hawk (1940), Virginia City (1940), The Sea Wolf (1941), Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942) , Casablanca (1942) , This is the Army (1943), Passage to Marseille (1944), Mildred Pierce (1945) , Night and Day (1946), Life With Father (1947), The Unsuspected (1947), My Dream Is Yours (1949), Flamingo Road (1949), Young Man With a Horn (1950), Jim Thorpe - All American (1951), The Egyptian (1954), White Christmas (1954), We're No Angels (1955), The Proud Rebel (1958), King Creole (1958), The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1960), The Comancheros (1961). CECIL B. DE MILLE 1881-1959 Master Director and "Showman" of the Big Budget, Excessive Historical Epic and Religious Spectacle/Pageant He was the first master of big-budget event movies, with two The Ten Commandments films and The Greatest Show on Earth. Suggested Filmography: The Squaw Man (in three versions 1914, 1918, 1931), The Cheat	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,827	Who had a number one album in 1986 with True Blue	Madonna’s Official Number One Singles' Sales Revealed! 07 February 2014 Madonna’s Official Number One Singles' Sales Revealed! It’s an incredible 30 years since the undisputed Queen of Pop had her very first Top 10 hit with Holiday. To celebrate, we count down her 13 Number 1s and reveal the biggest selling of them all… Google + It’s an incredible 30 years since the undisputed Queen of Pop had her very first Top 10 hit with Holiday. To celebrate Madonna’s three decades of Official Charts supremacy, we count down her 13 Number 1s and reveal the biggest selling of them all… 13. Sorry (2006) To kick things off, it’s one of Madonna’s most recent chart-toppers. The second single to be released from Madge’s big return to the disco album Confessions On A Dance Floor, Sorry was something of a surprise Number 1 for her. The video was Madonna in full kitsch mode – first driving around in her own version of the Vengabus (possibly) before rollerskating dressed like a kind of disco astronaut. It was catchy, it was energetic and it was a worthy chart-topper WHO DID IT BEAT? Corinne Bailey Rae’s Put Your Records On had to settle for Number 2. CHART FACT: It was the first time she’d had two consecutive Number 1s in five years. SALES: 200,000 12. Who’s That Girl (1987) A product of Madonna’s movie ambitions – with some success – Who’s That Girl was the first of three tracks released from the soundtrack of the movie of the same name. After a whole campaign with blond hair, brunette Madonna was back and up to her usual tricks, dancing about and ‘causing a commotion’ in between clips from the movie. Critics had their knives out for the movie, in which Madonna played a kooky ex-con with sticky fingers but a heart of gold, but Madge just about pulls it off. As lead singles go, it may not be up there with Madonna’s finest, but it has a certain charm. WHO DID IT BEAT? Madonna knocked Pet Shop Boys’ It’s A Sin off the top. Almost 20 years later, they would remix Sorry for its single release. So no hard feelings, then. That's good. CHART FACT: Who’s That Girl was Madonna’s second chart-topper to spend just one week at Number 1. SALES: 350,000 11. American Pie (2000) A long, long time ago… well, 1972 to be exact, Don McLean had a hit with the classic American Pie, which was so long it took up two sides of a 7” single (ask your mum). Madonna, for reasons that are unclear, decided to cover the song, but to make it all fit nicely onto one CD (ask your older sister) she edited the track considerably. Then-collaborator William Orbit added his signature swooshes and even Rupert Everett, Madonna’s co-star from movie The Next Best Thing, popped in to lay down some backing vocals and appear in the video. WHO DID IT BEAT? American Pie knocked All Saints’ Pure Shores – another William Orbit production – off the top spot and left N Sync settling for Number 3 with Bye Bye Bye. Madonna would later go on to team up with N Sync's Justin Timberlake on another Number 1… CHART FACT: Don McLean’s version only got to Number 2. SALES: 390,000 10. La Isla Bonita (1987) Just before Who’s That Girl came La Isla Bonita, a song which, legend has it, was originally written for Michael Jackson. Madonna got her hands on it first, however, and created a new anthem for anybody who wishes their holiday would go on for a bit longer – and she loves a Holiday does our Madge . WHO DID IT BEAT? La Isla Bonita held off Judy Boucher’s boohoofest Can’t Be With You Tonight. CHART FACT: La Isla Bonita took four weeks to slowly climb from Number 5 to spend two weeks on the top spot. Not bad for a fifth and final single from an already huge-selling album, True Blue. SALES: 410,000 9. Music (2000) Madonna was a force to be reckoned with in late 2000, and enjoyed her second Number 1 of the year with this, the true lead single off her album Music. Although she had just given birth to her second child, Madonna went on a promo blitz for Music, performing a special concert in Brixton that was broadcast over the internet (more impressive then than it sounds now). The Mirwais-produced Art Of Noise-s	Official Charts Pop Gem #44: Blondie – Maria 08 February 2014 Official Charts Pop Gem #44: Blondie – Maria After 16 years away, the rock legends, fronted by ‘70s icon Debbie Harry, returned with a bang in 1999. Google + After 16 years away, the rock legends, fronted by ‘70s icon Debbie Harry, returned with a bang in 1999. The comeback to end all comebacks is our latest Pop Gem. Every week we ask our Facebook fans and Twitter followers to nominate their Pop Gems – favourite pop classics that deserve another chance to shine. This week's theme was Comebacks, those second chances at stardom. Whose revival hit should be on the radio loads more? Which popstar's comeback needs some serious recognition? The nominations caused their usual catfights in Official Charts HQ. Should a million-seller be shortlisted as a Pop Gem? And how long do you have to be away before you make a comeback anyway? Two years? Ten years? Or the time it takes to get to the shops and back? We finally narrowed it down to a shortlist of nine contenders. OMD – Sailing On The Seven Seas (No. 3 in 1991) Human League – Tell Me When (No. 6 in 1995) Blondie – Maria (No. 1 in 1999) TLC – No Scrubs (No. 3 in 1999) Tom Jones & The Cardigans – Burning Down The House (No. 7 in 1999) Shola Ama (as featured artist with The Pirates) – You Should Really Know (No. 8 in 2004) All Saints – Rock Steady (No. 3 in 2006) Take That – Patience (No. 1 in 2006) Robyn with Kleerup – With Every Heartbeat (No. 1 in 2007) After much deliberation, we plumped for Maria by Blondie who, coincidentally, celebrate their 40th anniversary this year. Watch the video before we tell the story of our latest Pop Gem: Why it had to be Blondie Out of all our contenders, Blondie were away the longest and few thought they’d ever reunite. The superchic New Yorkers had a string of Top 40 hits from the late ‘70s to the early ‘80s (14 to be exact) before internal struggles and an underperforming album led them to go their separate ways. Lead singer Debbie Harry – Blondie is the name of the band not the platinum-haired vocalist – tried her hand at solo success and for a while it looked like Blondie belonged to pop history. The song Maria was an unashamedly poppy rock song with a ballsy, euphoric chorus. Blondie had always been the band who refused to stick to any one musical style, flirting with reggae, rap and disco. It was like they’d never been away. It went straight into the top of the charts and spent a week there. It was their sixth chart-topper, but their first since The Tide Is High over 18 years earlier. Blondie’s chart story The band’s first hit was 1978’s Denis, which peaked at Number 2. Their fifth Top 40 hit turned into their first Number 1 – Heart Of Glass in 1979. Five more followed: Sunday Girl (1979), Atomic, Call Me and The Tide Is High (all 1980). The group had renewed chart success in the mid-90s thanks to a rerelease of a greatest hits album and remix package. The band have enjoyed eight Top 10 albums. Before we find out what happened next for Blondie, watch the video for Heart Of Glass because, for REAL, that song is amazing. What happened next? Blondie are still together, releasing albums and touring. Maria was the lead single No Exit and the band are preparing to release their fourth album since reuniting. The band have been announced as the latest recipient of music magazine NME’s Godlike Genius award. Speaking to NME, lead singer Debbie Harry said: “We’ve always done different things that we like and that reflect what we’re influenced by.” Blondie, we salute you. That’s quite a comeback.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,828	In a song who 'Painted up her lips and rolled and curled her tinted hair'?	KENNY ROGERS LYRICS - Ruby, Don't Take Your Love To Town "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love To Town" lyrics KENNY ROGERS LYRICS "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love To Town" You've painted up your lips and rolled and curled your tinted hair Ruby, are you contemplating going out somewhere? The shadow on the wall tells me the sun is going down Oh, Ruby, Don't take your love to town It wasn't me that started that old crazy Asian war But I was proud to go and do my patriotic chore And yes, it's true that I'm not the man I used to be Oh, Ruby, I still need some company It's hard to love a man whose legs are bent and paralyzed And the wants and needs of a woman your age, Ruby, I realized But it won't be long I've heard them say until I'm not around Oh, Ruby, Don't take your love to town She's leaving now 'cause I just heard the slamming of the door The way I know I've heard it slam one hundred times before And if I could move I'd get my gun and put her in the ground Oh, Ruby, Don't take your love to town Oh, Ruby,	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: 2nd February - The Questions Macclesfield Pub Quiz League SET BY THE ROBIN HOOD 1. Arts and Entertainments 8. Sport (Pics) Apologies for the smaller than traditional pictures…we live in austere times. sorry I'm having some problems with the pictures - I'll come back to it but have posted in the meantime - Nick Arts and Ents – Waxing Lyrical. Identify either the song/novel/poem OR the singer/band/author as appropriate. Q1 With reference to our stay in the A-League…. 2002 Song, taken from album “A rush of blood to the head” – Nobody said it was easy No one ever said it would be this hard Oh take me back to the start Coldplay or “The Scientist” 1993 Song taken from album “Pablo Honey” I’m a _BLANK_, I'm a weirdo, What the hell am I doing here? I don't belong here. I only knew what hunted thought quickened his step, and why He looked upon the garish day with such a wistful eye; The man had killed the thing he loved and so he had to die. Oscar Wilde or “The Ballad of Reading Gaol” Q4 My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk, Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunkMy heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk, Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk Ode to a Nightingale – John Keats Q5 1987 Song taken from the album “Actually” At school they taught me how to be so pure in thought and word and deed They didn't quite succeed Pet Shop Boys or “It’s a Sin” Q6 1967 Song from an eponymous album The room was humming harder As the ceiling flew away When we called out for another drink The waiter brought a tray Procol Harum or “A Whiter Shade of Pale” Q7 "All happy families are alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way." Leo Tolstoy or “Anna Karenina” Q8 1963 Novel "It was a queer, sultry summer, the summer they electrocuted the Rosenbergs, and I didn't know what I was doing in New York." Sylvia Plath, or “The Bell Jar” S1 Supp 1 1989 Novel "To be born again," sang Gibreel Farishta tumbling from the heavens, "first you have to die." Salman Rushdie or “The Satanic Verses” S2 Song – Original Artist from 1975 or title Required She tied you to a kitchen chair She broke your throne, and she cut your hair Hallelujah or “Leonard Cohen” Geography – Picture Round. Identify the country from the image provided. Q1 S1 / VI 1 SUPP/VISUALLY IMPAIRED 1. Kinshasa is one of the 20 biggest cities (by population) in the world. In which country is it found. DR Congo (accept Zaire with reluctance) S2/ VI 2 Dili is the capital of which country which achieved independence in 2002. East Timor/ ( or Timor-Leste) Runners Up – in honour of the position the Robin keeps achieving on a Tuesday night. In each case you will be given the name of a winner of an event. Name the memorable 2nd placer. Q1 1997 General Election. Enfield Southgate constituency. Winner, Stephen Twigg (Labour) Michael Portillo (..were you still up for him?...) Q2 2015. General Election. Twickenham Constituency. Winner, Tania Mathias (Conservative) Vince Cable 2002 Pop Idol. Winner – Will Young Gareth Gates 2009 Britain’s Got Talent. Winner – Diversity Susan Boyle 2015. General Election. Thanet South Constituency. Winner Craig Mackinlay (Conservative) Nigel Farage 2015 General Election. Bradford West constituency. Winner Naseem Shah (Labour) George Galloway 1990-1994. 5 World Snooker Championship Finals. Winners – Stephen Hendry and John Parrott Jimmy White 1993 Wimbledon Ladies Singles (tearfully). Winner: Steffi Graf Jana Novotna 2000 US Presidential Election. Winner: George W. Bush Al Gore Science – Periodic Table. All of these are chemical elements – but there are other routes to the answer if you are not a scientist. Slight errors in the ending of the name should be tolerated. Q1 Atomic Number 84. Radi	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,829	Who gave birth to Heavenly Hiraani Tiger Lily in 1996?	Michael Hutchence daughter is spitting image of INXS frontman \| Daily Mail Online comments She is the little girl lost whose parents tragically never got to see her grow up. But aged 15, Tiger Lily Hutchence has grown into a remarkably beautiful young woman - and is the spitting image of her father, former INXS frontman Michael Hutchence. She was just over a year old when her father died - and only four-years-old when her mother Paula Yates suffered a fatal drugs overdose. Grown up: Tiger Lily, now 15, shows a strong resemblance to her father Michael Hutchence, who died in 1997 And she has rarely been pictured after wisely being brought up out of the public eye by her adoptive father, Sir Bob Geldof. However, her older sister, Peaches Geldof, gave a glimpse of her younger sister in a series of cosy family pictures that she tweeted to her 132,960 followers at the weekend, writing: ‘Tiger came over’. And with her long dark hair, olive-colouring and chocolate brown eyes, Tiger Lily’s resemblance to her late father is uncanny. Fans took to the social network to comment on how much she has changed in the few years since she made her last public appearance. Proud parents: Michael and Paula Yates with Tiger Lily in Sydney, Australia, in 1996, just months before the rocker died One said: ‘She is the spitting image of Michael. Very Pretty.’ Another added: ‘Wow, she has grown up so much. Gorgeous.’ Peaches, 23, a new mother to baby son Astala, was seemingly so proud of her sibling that re-tweeted the messages to her followers. Tiger was seen smiling in pictures alongside her sister Pixie, 21, who cooked the family a Sunday roast, her young nephew and Peaches’ fiancé Thomas Cohen, 20. Tiger - full name Heavenly Hiraani Tiger Lily - is described by friends as a down-to-earth, studious and well-mannered teenager with a passion for drama. Troubled waters: Both Michael and Paula tragically died before their daughter was four-years-old The teenager was only 16 months old when her father Michael was found hanged in a Sydney hotel room at the age of 37 in 1997. Almost three years later, her mother Paula died from a heroin overdose in September 2000. Sir Bob, 60, was awarded custody of Tiger Lily after a bitter battle with Hutchence’s mother Patricia Glassop. In an interview before she died in 2010 aged 84, Mrs Glassop claimed Sir Bob had treated her cruelly and that she ‘barely knew’ her granddaughter. In safe hands: Sir Bob Geldof, pictured in 2005, adopted Tiger Lily and she has remained in his care since her parents died ‘I’ve begged and pleaded with him to let me see Tiger Lily again, but he’s turned a deaf ear. He’s treated me shabbily.’ It is believed the last time Mrs Glassop saw Tiger Lily was in April 2006 when Sir Bob came to Australia and allowed Tiger to see her grandmother for a few days. Tiger Lily wrote a note to Mrs Glassop at the time thanking her ‘granny’ for a wonderful holiday and promising to visit again soon. During that holiday, Tiger spent five days with her grandmother, accompanied by Tiger’s nanny. Mrs Glassop told a magazine later: ‘I played her some of Michael’s old music videos and she asked me who it was. ‘I told her “It’s your daddy”. She smiled and followed all the moves, dancing along with Michael.’ A British judge, Mrs Justice Bracewell, decided following Miss Yates’ death that Tiger Lily should spend the rest of her childhood with Sir Bob and his daughters Fifi Trixibelle, Peaches and Pixie.	Deathiversary- October 31st: The Funeral Source 1926- Harry Houdini, magician, died at 52. Harry Houdini (born Erik Weisz in Budapest, later Ehrich Weiss or Harry Weiss) (b. 1874) was a Hungarian-American illusionist and stunt performer, noted for his sensational escape acts. He first attracted notice as "Harry Handcuff Houdini" on a tour of Europe, where he challenged different police forces to try to keep him locked up. This revealed a talent for gimmickry and for audience involvement that characterized all his work. Soon he extended his repertoire to include chains, ropes slung from 1983- George S. Halas, NFL coach (Chicago Bears), died at 88. George Stanley Halas, Sr. (b. 1895), nicknamed "Papa Bear" and "Mr. Everything", was a player, coach, owner and pioneer in professional American football. He was the iconic longtime leader of the National Football League's Chicago Bears. He was also lesser known as an inventor, jurist, producer, philanthropist, philatelist, and Major League Baseball player. 1984- Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India, died at 66. Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi ( b. 1917) was the third Prime Minister of India and a central figure of the Indian National Congress party. Gandhi, who served from 1966 to 1977 and then again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984, is the second-longest-serving Prime Minister of India and the only woman to hold the office. As Prime Minister, Gandhi became known for her political ruthlessness and unprecedented centralisation of power. 1987- Joseph Campbell, mythologist (Mythic Image), died at 83. Joseph John Campbell (b. 1904) was an American mythologist, writer and lecturer, best known for his work in comparative mythology and comparative religion. His work is vast, covering many aspects of the human experience. His philosophy is often summarized by his phrase: "Follow your bliss." 1988- John Houseman, actor (Paper Chase, Fog), died at 86. Houseman (born Jacques Haussmann; 1902) was a Romanian born British-American actor and film producer who became known for his highly publicized collaboration with director Orson Welles from their days in the Federal Theatre Project through to the production of Citizen Kane. He is perhaps best known for his role as Professor Charles Kingsfield in the film The Paper Chase (1973), for which he 1879- Joseph Hooker, American General, died at 64. Joseph Hooker (b. 1814) was a career U.S. Army officer, achieving the rank of major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Although he served throughout the war, usually with distinction, Hooker is best remembered for his stunning defeat by Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863. 1991- Joseph Papp, Broadway producer (Chorus Line), died at 70. Papp (b. 1921) was an American theatrical producer and director. Papp established The Public Theater in what had been the Astor Library Building in downtown New York. "The Public," as it is known, has many small theaters within it. There, Papp created a year-round producing home to focus on new creations, both plays and musicals. Among numerous examples of these creations were the works of David Rabe, Ntozake Shange's For Colored Girls Who Join The Funeral Source Email List Today NAME: Hooker became known as "Fighting Joe" following a journalist's clerical error reporting from the Battle of Williamsburg; however, the nickname stuck. His personal reputation was as a hard-drinking ladies' man, and his headquarters was known for parties and gambling, although the historical evidence discounts any heavy drinking by the general himself. His name is often associated with the slang term for prostitute, although the word "hooker" has been documented to appear with that meaning in print well before he became a public figure. After the war, Hooker led President Abraham Lincoln's Springfield funeral procession on May 4, 1865. His postbellum life was marred by poor health and he was partially paralyzed by a stroke. He was mustered out of the volunteer service on September 1, 1866, and retired from the U.S. Army on Oc	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,830	Luxor international airport is in which country?	Profile on Luxor International Airport \| CAPA - Centre for Aviation TAP Portugal Luxor International Airport serves the city of Luxor, Egypt . Luxor is a popular tourist destination, particularly for tourists travelling to the River Nile and the Valley of the Kings. The majority of traffic at Luxor is European charter traffic, but the airport is also well served by airlines from across North Africa , the Middle East and Europe . Location of Luxor International Airport, Egypt Source: CAPA - Centre for Aviation and Google Maps Ground Handlers and Cargo Handlers servicing Luxor International Airport This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers Fuel & Oil Suppliers servicing Luxor International Airport This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons. This content is exclusively for CAPA Membership Subscribers CAPA Membership gives you the latest aviation news and alerts, access to CAPA articles, reports, and our leading aviation data with optional premium add-ons.	The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency conventional long form: Republic of Albania conventional short form: Albania local long form: Republika e Shqiperise local short form: Shqiperia former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania etymology: the English-language country name seems to be derived from the ancient Illyrian tribe of the Albani; the native name "Shqiperia" is popularly interpreted to mean "Land of the eagles" conventional long form: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria conventional short form: Algeria local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Sha'biyah local short form: Al Jaza'ir etymology: the country name derives from the capital city of Algiers conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS etymology: the name Samoa is composed of two parts, "sa" meaning "sacred" and "moa" meaning "center," so the name can mean Holy Center; alternatively, it can mean "place of the sacred moa bird" of Polynesian mythology conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra etymology: the origin of the country's name is obscure; since the area served as part of the Spanish March (defensive buffer zone) against the invading Moors in the 8th century, the name may derive from the Arabic "ad-darra" meaning "the forest" conventional long form: Republic of Angola conventional short form: Angola local long form: Republica de Angola local short form: Angola former: People's Republic of Angola etymology: name derived by the Portuguese from the title "ngola" held by kings of the Ndongo (Ndongo was a kingdom in what is now northern Angola) conventional long form: none conventional short form: Anguilla etymology: the name Anguilla means "eel" in various Romance languages (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French) and likely derives from the island's lengthy shape conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antarctica etymology: name derived from two Greek words meaning "opposite to the Arctic" or "opposite to the north" conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda etymology: "antiguo" is Spanish for "ancient" or "old"; the island was discovered by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and, according to tradition, named by him after the church of Santa Maria la Antigua (Old Saint Mary's) in Seville; "barbuda" is Spanish for "bearded" and the adjective may refer to the alleged beards of the indigenous people or to the island's bearded-fig trees Arctic Ocean etymology: the name Arctic comes from the Greek word "arktikos" meaning "near the bear" or "northern," and that word derives from "arktos," meaning "bear"; the name refers either to the constellation Ursa Major, the "Great Bear," which is prominent in the northern celestial sphere, or to the constellation Ursa Minor, the "Little Bear," which contains Polaris, the North (Pole) Star conventional long form: Argentine Republic conventional short form: Argentina local long form: Republica Argentina local short form: Argentina etymology: originally the area was referred to as Tierra Argentina, i.e., "Land beside the Silvery River" or "silvery land," which referred to the massive estuary in the east of the country, the Rio de la Plata (River of Silver); over time the name shortened to simply Argentina or "silvery" conventional long form: Republic of Armenia conventional short form: Armenia local long form: Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun local short form: Hayastan former: Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, Armenian Republic etymology: the etymology of the country's name remains obscure; according to tradition, the country is named after Hayk, the legendary patriarch of the Armenians and the great-great-grandson of Noah; Hayk's descendant, Aram, purportedly is the source of the name Armenia conventional long form: none conventional short form: Aruba etymology: the origin of the island's name is unclear; according to tradition, the name comes from the Spanish phrase "oro huba" (there wa	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,831	The Laphroaig & Bowmore whisky distilleries are found on which Scottish island?	4 Day Islay Whisky Tour – Scottish Routes 3 nights B&B accommodation at The Bowmore House Day 1 After departing Edinburgh or Glasgow, your first stop is Deanston Distillery, where you can sample handmade treats in their coffee shop. You will then take a tour of the distillery. Heading north into the Highlands the landscape becomes more mountainous and your guide will tell the history and culture of this stunning part of Scotland. Passing Loch Awe and into Argyllshire, with some great photo stops along the way, you will arrive in the Victorian town of Oban in time for lunch and some exploring. This is the seafood capital of Scotland so make sure you make the most of it. Your tour takes you to the ancient neolithic landscapes of Kilmartin Glen. There are hundreds of ancient monuments and historic sites in this region, some of which you will explore. It is then a short drive down the Kintyre Peninsula to Kennacraig where you will board the evening ferry to Islay. The ferry crossing is around 2 hours and allows for some beautiful views of the islands of Gigha, Jura and Islay as well as the area surrounding West Loch Tarbert. There is time to relax in the bar with an Islay whisky; grab some dinner from the restaurant and just soak up the sea air before you arrive. On arrival into Port Ellen or Port Askaig it is a short drive to Bowmore to check in to The Bowmore House for your 3 night stay. Days 2 & 3 With 2 full days to explore, there are plenty of options for sightseeing and your guide will share some of their favourite places with you. These can include empty beaches, whitewashed villages, ancient sites, the Kildalton Cross, medieval strongholds, fresh seafood, local wildlife and traditional cultures. With only around 3000 people and 8 world class distilleries, the chances of finding a ‘wee dram’ on Islay are pretty good. The distillery and whisky experiences will give you an insight into Islay’s most famous export. Your day includes a warehouse experience at Lagavulin, lunch and a tour at Ardbeg and a look at the Laphroaig maltings. Your second day brings a private tour of Bruichladdich, a chance to gaze over the Sound of Jura from the Bunnahabhain and a behind the scenes peek at the independant Kilchoman. Each night on Islay there are plenty of options for eating, drinking and relaxing. Your tour guide will let you know all the best places to get the most out of your time in Bowmore. There is an eating option for all budgets and tastes and with so much local produce on offer you will be spoilt for choice. The whisky bars aren’t too bad either. Slainte Mhath, as they say in Gaelic. Day 4 After a final hearty breakfast, you catch the morning ferry back to Kennacraig. Arriving on the mainland, you head to the loch-side town of Inveraray. This is the seat of the clan Campbell, home to the Loch Fyne Whisky shop and your stop for lunch. After lunch (and some last minute whisky shopping) your journey now hugs the shores of Loch Fyne and Loch Long before climbing up to the Rest and be Thankful pass for sweeping views. Then it is to the shores of Loch Lomond. With time to stop for some lovely views and stretch of the legs, this is the last stop on your tour before crossing the River Clyde and into Scotland’s largest city of Glasgow. Some of our guests may be leaving the tour here so we may make a short stop in central Glasgow (George Square) before returning to Edinburgh. * Accommodation is on a B&B basis in the Bowmore House. The price is based on 2/3 sharing a twin / double / triple room. There is an additional supplement of £85 for single occupancy. Please note that if the Bowmore House is not available we will source alternative local accommodation of the same standard. ** Due to various reasons (weather, closures and special events) it may not always be possible to visit all distilleries mentioned. Please be aware that, if this is the case, we will ensure that suitable alternatives are found. Additional Information	Celtic Spirit- Irish Whiskey Scotch Whisky, Gaelic Uisce Beatha Water of Life Irish Whiskey Scotch Whisky Whiskey The Irish spell it “whiskey,” the Scots spell it “whisky.” That’s just the beginning of this longstanding dispute. Naturally, they can’t agree on which variety is superior, either. However, all can raise a toast to and concur regarding the origins of the word; it is from the Gaelic uisce beatha, translated as “The Water of Life.” Scotch whisky or Irish whiskey – each can boast devotees who exhibit near-religious reverence for their favorite brand of the potent amber liquid. So what are the actual differences between the two? Irish is said to be the smoother choice, while Scotch is said to have a more smoky flavor. The flavor difference between the two varieties originates with the different ways in which each is made. Both spirits start out the same way: barley is malted by soaking it in water, laying it out flat, and leaving it until sprouting occurs. Since Scotch distillers then dry the damp malt over a peat-fueled fire, it acquires a characteristic smokiness. By contrast, Irish distillers dry the malt in a smoke-free kiln. Subsequent steps in the production process, mashing and fermentation, are nearly identical. The mash is milled into grist. Boiling water is applied, which induces the transformation of starch into sugars. With exposure to yeast, the sugary wort liquid converts to crude alcohol. The alcoholic “wash” is heated in large copper pot stills to cull the alcohol from the water, and the distillation process begins. To give you a basis for comparison, bourbon is distilled once; Scotch, two times; but Irish whiskey is distilled three times. Following distillation, the whiskey resides in oak casks, where it is aged from five to 25 years. The last process consists of mixing the contents of many casks together, eliminating variances among casks and ensuring consistency of flavor. Tragically, for every year the whiskey sits in the cask maturing, a portion of it evaporates heavenward and is lost forever. Distillers call the evaporated portion "the angels’ share.” Use the links below to navigate to the Celtic Network’s other articles on whiskey: Irish Whiskey Scotland and Its Whiskies: The Great Whiskies and Their Landscapes by Michael Jackson Famed master Michael Jackson devotes a chapter to each of Scotland's ten premier distilleries, explaining the influence of environment and geography on the finished product. Lavishly illustrated with the gorgeous photography of Harry Cory Wright. The Whiskeys of Ireland by Peter Mulryan There is a wealth of lore – historical, economic, and cultural – surrounding the fastest-growing export coming out of Ireland. Learn the details of how whiskey is made, and about the differences between varieties of whiskeys; in addition, Mulryan includes tasting notes on 60 renowned Irish brands. The following link offers whiskey related items through AnIrishChristmas.com.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,832	What Disney film features a princess named Merida?	Merida \| Disney Princess Disney Princess Wisps Brave A glowing wisp in the forest spooks Angus, Merida's powerful steed, in this clip from Disney Pixar's new epic tale, Brave. Legends are Lessons Brave Queen Elinore tells Merida the story of the ancient kingdom - about the king and his four sons - in this clip from Disney-Pixar's Brave.	1943 Academy Awards® Winners and History The Song of Bernadette (1943) Watch on the Rhine (1943) Actor: PAUL LUKAS in "Watch on the Rhine", Humphrey Bogart in "Casablanca" , Gary Cooper in "For Whom the Bell Tolls", Walter Pidgeon in "Madame Curie", Mickey Rooney in "The Human Comedy" Actress: JENNIFER JONES in "The Song of Bernadette", Jean Arthur in "The More the Merrier" , Ingrid Bergman in "For Whom the Bell Tolls", Joan Fontaine in "The Constant Nymph", Greer Garson in "Madame Curie" Supporting Actor: CHARLES COBURN in "The More the Merrier" , Charles Bickford in "The Song of Bernadette", J. Carrol Naish in "Sahara", Claude Rains in "Casablanca" , Akim Tamiroff in "For Whom the Bell Tolls" Supporting Actress: KATINA PAXINOU in "For Whom the Bell Tolls", Gladys Cooper in "The Song of Bernadette", Paulette Goddard in "So Proudly We Hail!", Anne Revere in "The Song of Bernadette", Lucile Watson in "Watch on the Rhine" Director: MICHAEL CURTIZ for "Casablanca" , Clarence Brown for "The Human Comedy", Henry King for "The Song of Bernadette", Ernst Lubitsch for "Heaven Can Wait", George Stevens for "The More the Merrier" This was the first year that Best Supporting Actors and Actresses received full-sized Oscar statuettes, rather than miniature Oscar plaques. Director Michael Curtiz' Casablanca (with eight nominations and three Oscar wins - Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Screenplay for Julius J. Epstein, Philip G. Epstein and Howard Koch) - the melodramatic story of international intrigue, romance and politics in the Nazi-occupied exotic locale of French Morocco, is now considered one of filmdom's best pictures ever made. The classic masterpiece of sacrifice and comradeship deservedly won the Best Picture award for 1943, but it was a dark horse candidate. Actually, it should have competed against Mrs. Miniver (1942) (the Best Picture winner in the previous year), since it premiered in New York in November of that year. However, it didn't show in Los Angeles until its general release that January, so it competed in 1943. With an inspired cast, As Time Goes By, a great director, and unexpected wartime publicity, the superior film told the story of an aloof American owner (Bogart) of a bar in Casablanca who rescues his old girlfriend (Bergman) and her Resistance husband (Henreid) from the clutches of Axis authorities. During WWII's height, four of the Best Picture nominees in 1943 had war as their themes. In addition to the Best Picture winner, three of the other nine Best Picture nominees of 1943 were also war films with patriotic or sentimental themes: writer/co-director Noel Coward's outstanding production (with director David Lean) of the flag-waving British film In Which We Serve (with two nominations and no wins in 1943), about the lives of the crew of the torpedoed and sinking destroyer HMS Torrin during the Battle of Crete (based upon the true story of Lord Louis Mountbatten's destroyer HMS Kelly). This film had already received a Special Award in 1942 (for Coward's "outstanding production achievement") director Herman Shumlin's Watch on the Rhine (with four nominations and one win - Best Actor), a film adaptation of Lillia	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,833	What zone is for immediate loading and unloading of passengers only?	Movies That Everyone Should See: “Airplane!” « Fogs' Movie Reviews Movies That Everyone Should See: “Airplane!” 8 October 2012 53 Comments Male announcer: The white zone is for immediate loading and unloading of passengers only. There is no stopping in the red zone. Female announcer: The white zone is for immediate loading and unloading of passengers only. There is no stopping in the red zone. Male announcer: The red zone is for immediate loading and unloading of passengers only. There is no stopping in the white zone. Female announcer: No, the white zone is for loading of passengers and there is no stopping in a RED zone. Male announcer: The red zone has always been for loading and unloading of passengers. There’s never stopping in a white zone. Female announcer: Don’t you tell me which zone is for loading, and which zone is for stopping! Male announcer: Listen Betty, don’t start up with your white zone shit again. In 1970, Universal Pictures released “Airport”. Based on the best-selling novel by Arthur Hailey, it featured an enormous ensemble cast, including many big name stars, notably, Burt Lancaster, Dean Martin, Jacqueline Bisset, and George Kennedy. In it, a suicidal passenger smuggles a suitcase bomb onto a passenger airplane and sets it off, hoping to leave his family with the life insurance proceeds. The crew is then forced to turn around and attempt to land the damaged plane during a fierce snow storm. The movie was a huge success. It grossed over $100 million dollars… in 1970. Adjusted for inflation, that’s more than $500 million in today’s dollars. But it wasn’t just a financial success, it was also nominated for ten Academy Awards, including Best Picture, and won one (Best Supporting Actress, Helen Hayes). With that type of success, a sequel was sure to follow. A little over three years later, in 1974, “Airport ’75” was released. Again it featured a large ensemble cast, but this time they also secured the services of Charlton Heston. In it, a mid-air collision with a small passenger plane threatens the safety of a jumbo airliner. In order to add excitement (at the expense of realism), a substitute pilot is airlifted onto the damaged 747 mid-flight. “Airport ’75” grossed half of its predecessor, and no awards were in the offing. Still, the return on investment it made for Universal triggered another “Airport” movie, “Airport ’77” . In their continuing effort to up the ante, this time a hijacker plot causes the airliner to crashes in the ocean, and the plane winds up sinking. Yet it remains water tight… the eventual rescue is an undersea effort. As ridiculous as that is, the film still brought in $30 million on a $6 million dollar budget, so the series continued with “The Concord… Airport ’79”. In this installment, a trafficker in illegal nukes wants to assassinate a passenger on the Concorde, and attempts to do so by blowing the entire plane out of the air via fighter jets and guided missiles. International air forces respond, but the damaged airplane eventually has to crash-land anyways. The film was the first in the “Airport” series to fail to recoup its budget ($13m gross on a budget of $14m). Audiences had had enough. Enter “Airplane!” The Zucker brothers (David and Jerry), along with co-writer and co-director Jim Abrahams, had been hoping to do an airplane disaster movie spoof for years. While trying to research late night tv commercials to parody in the script for “The Kentucky Fried Movie”, they had accidentally recorded “Zero Hour!” “Zero Hour!” is, literally, “Airplane!” played straight. Released in 1957, “Zero Hour!” is a predecessor to the “Airport” series of the seventies. In it, the flight crew of a passenger plane succumb to food poisoning. Their only hope rests on the shoulders of former military pilot Ted Stryker. Years earlier, Stryker’s squadron was killed due to one of his command decisions. Stryker’s Captain from the war is called in to talk him through the landing. Sound familiar? Because it is. The producers purchased the rights to “Zero Hour!” outright in order to retain the plot. The	The Airline of Indonesia - Garuda Indonesia Check In Terms & Conditions Web Check-In <Important> Each booking is only allowed one Online Check-in. If there is more than one passenger on a booking, all passengers must check-in all at once, otherwise the remaining passenger(s) will not be able to do Online Check-in and it can only be done at the airport. Online Check-in service is available from 24 hours to 4 hours before departure; for domestic flights departing from Jakarta (CGK), the online check-in is available from 24 hours to 2 hours before departure. Online Check-in is not available for the following passengers: Passengers without e-ticket Infants under 2 years old who are not occupying a seat. Passengers who need special assistance at the airport, such as pregnant passengers, children younger than 12 years old who travel alone, Unaccompanied Minor (UM), the passengers that require wheelchair, stretcher case, or any other special handlings at the airport. Group bookings (more than 9 persons) The system will automatically assign you a seat, but you can change it by accessing the preferred seat option in our Online Check-in function. For international flights, please show your Online Boarding Passes (both PDF and QR barcode boarding pass) to the Airport Check-in Counter before boarding. For international flights, please make sure that your passport is valid up to at least 6 months from the travel date and secure other valid travel documents such as any visa documents required for the trip. 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Please complete the check-in procedure at the Airport Check-in Counter at least 60 minutes before departure for domestic flights, and 90 minutes before departure for international flights. Carry-on baggage should be limited to one piece, must not weigh more than 7 kg (for both Economy and Business Class), with maximum size: 56 cm length, 23 cm width, and 36 cm height (for CRJ and ATR Aircraft type maximum size is 41 cm length, 17 cm width, and 34 cm height). Make sure that you are not carrying any valuable items in your checked baggage For the safety and security of our passengers, crew, and the aircraft, please make sure that you are not carrying any dangerous items in your carry-on and checked baggage. Please click here for baggage restrictions information details Please make sure that you pack your own baggage or supervise the person who does it for you. The Airport Check-in Counter will be closed 45 minutes prior to departure for international flights and 30 minutes prior to departure for domestic flights. For flights departing from Terminal 3 Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, the Airport Check-in Counter is closed 45 minutes prior to scheduled departure for domestic flights. Boarding Gate is opened 120 minutes prior to departure and aircraft door is closed 10 minutes prior to departure. Passengers who want to cancel must report to the Airport Check-in Counter or Garuda Indonesia Call Center. For further information please contact the Garuda Indonesia Call Center at 0804-1-807-807 (within Indonesia region only) or +62-21-2351 9999. I have read Online Check-in notice and information Check	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,834	For how many years is the French President elected?	France’s New Five-Year Presidential Term \| Brookings Institution France’s New Five-Year Presidential Term Stumbleupon In September 2000 the French voted for a constitutional amendment to shorten the length of the presidential term from 7 to 5 years. In his explanation to the public, President Jacques Chirac relied on populist formulations: “seven years is too long”, “five years is more modern”, “the French will vote more often.” The shortened presidential mandate will have some simple and obvious consequences. Beginning in 2002, the president will be elected for five years. The average voter will now go more often to the polls to choose a president: around fifteen times in his or her life instead of just a dozen. But why and how it was decided to reduce the presidential mandate to five years is more complicated. Get daily updates from Brookings Enter Email The French Exception France has always cultivated exceptions, but nowhere more so than in its constitutional order. These exceptions have emerged through a series of twelve to fifteen different constitutions over the past two centuries — the exact number depends upon how one counts changes created through “charters” and “constitutional laws”. Emerging from this frenetic past, the 5th Republic was imposed by General de Gaulle in 1958 and has come to be widely accepted by the French people. Related Justin Vaïsse Sunday, April 1, 2001 The 5th Republic has been stable, but unique in its organization. Constitutional scholars disagree on the proper name for it. Formally, France’s constitution is parliamentary, like that of other European countries, because the government may be voted out of office by the parliament. But it is also presidential, for, if we overlook the formal legal basis of the government and instead consider politics, the president is elected by the people and in principle wields executive power. The constitutional scholar Maurice Duverger has called the French system semi-presidential, a new category that he has also used to describe Austria, Portugal, Ireland and Finland. But the president in these countries does not play a role of political leadership as the French president does. France’s constitutional order is, in sum, unique. Related Books L’offensive chinoise en europe 2015 Because of its hybrid constitutional order, France is also unique in respect to the length of the term of government. In all other consolidated democracies, a single election determines the government of the country. In European countries, this is the parliamentary election. Some countries have a single national election with universal direct suffrage. The government and its leader then emerge from the parliamentary majority. This is the British model, one that has been adopted with modifications in Germany and Spain. Other countries hold two direct elections, for the parliament and for the president, but the presidential election has no consequence for the government. Socialist president Soares of Portugal, for example, was elected and reelected even while a center-right coalition controlled the government. The United States also holds two elections, but only the presidential election creates the government. France is the only country with two fully governmental elections. Parliamentary elections in France, when they create a new parliamentary majority, lead to a new government. If that new government is politically opposed to the sitting president, the latter must accommodate to government through cohabitation. Recent periods of cohabitation have occurred in 1986-1988, 1993-1995, and 1997-present. This system of parliamentary precedence is the norm throughout Europe. In France, however, a presidential election also creates a new government, one formed under the winner of the presidential majority. When the opposition wins the presidency, the new president dissolves the national assembly in order to obtain a parliamentary majority that will advance his own political agenda. This situation, which occurred most recently in 1981 and 1988, resembles more closely the political logic o	Jacques Chirac - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Your continued donations keep Wikipedia running! Jacques Chirac "Chirac" redirects here. For other uses, see Chirac (disambiguation) . Jacques Chirac Roman Catholic Jacques René Chirac (born November 29 , 1932 in Paris ) is a French politician and the current President of the French Republic . He was elected to this office in 1995 and re-elected in 2002. His current term expires in 2007. As President, he is an ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra and Grand Master of the French Légion d'honneur . After completing studies at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris and the École Nationale d'Administration , Jacques Chirac began his career as a high-level civil servant , and soon entered politics . He has since occupied various senior positions, such as Minister of Agriculture , Prime Minister , Mayor of Paris , and finally President of France. He has stood for lower tax rates, the removal of price controls , strong punishment for crime and terrorism ; and business privatization . He has also argued for more socially responsible economic policies, and was elected in 1995 after campaigning on a platform of healing the "social rift" (fracture sociale). His economic policies have at various times included both laissez-faire and dirigiste (state directed) ideas. On European Union issues, he has ranged from adopting eurosceptic stances on some issues to rather more pro-EU positions. Contents 15 External links [ edit ] Early life and family Born on 29 November 1932 in the Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire clinic (fifth district of Paris ), Jacques Rene Chirac is the son of Abel François Chirac (1893-1968), a company administrator, and Marie-Louise Valette (1902-1973), a housewife. Both families were of peasant stock - even though his two grandfathers were teachers - from Sainte-Féréole in Corrèze . According to Chirac, his name "originates from the langue d'oc , that of the troubadours, therefore that of poetry". He is a Roman Catholic . The young Chirac was an only child (his elder sister, Jacqueline, died in infancy before his birth), and was educated in Paris at the Lycée Carnot and at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand . After his baccalaureat , he did a three month stint as a sailor. In 1956, he married Bernadette Chodron de Courcel , with whom he later had two daughters, Laurence (born March 4 , 1958 ) and Claude ( January 14 , 1962 ). Claude has long been his public relations assistant and personal advisor, [1] while Laurence, who suffered from anorexia nervosa in her youth, does not participate in the political activities of her father. [2] Chirac is the grandfather of Martin Rey-Chirac by the relationship of Claude with French judoka Thierry Rey. [ edit ] Early political career view • talk • edit Inspired by General Charles de Gaulle to enter public life, Chirac continued pursuing a civil service career in the 1950s. During this period, he joined the French Communist Party ; he sold copies of L'Humanité , and took part in meetings of a communist cell [3] . In 1950, he signed the Soviet -inspired Stockholm Appeal for the abolition of nuclear weapons –enough for him to be questioned when he applied for his first visa to the United States [4] . In 1953, he attended Harvard University 's summer school before entering the École Nationale d'Administration (ENA), the elite, competitive-entrance college that trains France's top civil servants, in 1957. After earning a graduate degree from the ENA in 1959, he became a civil servant and rose rapidly through the ranks. As soon as April 1962, Chirac was appointed head of the personal staff of Georges Pompidou , then prime minister under de Gaulle. This appointment launched Chirac's political career. Pompidou considered Chirac his protégé and referred to him as "my bulldozer" for his skill at getting things done. The nickname "Le Bulldozer" caught on in French political circles. Chirac still maintains this reputation. "Chirac cuts through the crap and comes straight to the point...It's refreshing, although you have to put your seat belt on when you wo	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,835	Which element is represented by the symbol 'P' in the periodic table?	Phosphorus»the essentials [WebElements Periodic Table] Element News Phosphorus: the essentials Phosphorus is commonly misspelled "phosphorous". It is an essential component of living systems and is found in nervous tissue, bones and cell protoplasm. Phosphorus exists in several allotropic forms including white (or yellow), red, and black (or violet). White phosphorus has two modifications. Ordinary phosphorus is a waxy white solid. When pure, it is colourless and transparent. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in carbon disulphide. It catches fire spontaneously in air, burning to P4O10, often misnamed as phosphorus pentoxide. When exposed to sunlight, or when heated in its own vapour to 250°C, it is converted to the red variety. This form does not ignite spontaneously and it is a little less dangerous than white phosphorus. The red modification is fairly stable and sublimes with a vapour pressure of 1 atmosphere at 417°C. This sample is from The Elements Collection , an attractive and safely packaged collection of the 92 naturally occurring elements that is available for sale. Phosphorus: historical information Phosphorus was discovered by Hennig Brand in 1669 at Germany. Origin of name : from the Greek word "phosphoros" meaning "bringer of light" (an ancient name for the planet Venus?). Phosphorus was discovered in 1669 by Hennig Brand, who prepared it from urine. Not less than 50-60 buckets per experiment in fact, each of which required more than a fortnight to complete. Sometime prior to the autumn of 1803, the Englishman John Dalton was able to explain the results of some of his studies by assuming that matter is composed of atoms and that all samples of any given compound consist of the same combination of these atoms. Dalton also noted that in series of compounds, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with a given weight of the first element can be reduced to small whole numbers (the law of multiple proportions). This was further evidence for atoms. Dalton's theory of atoms was published by Thomas Thomson in the 3rd edition of his System of Chemistry in 1807 and in a paper about strontium oxalates published in the Philosophical Transactions. Dalton published these ideas himself in the following year in the New System of Chemical Philosophy. The symbol used by Dalton for phosphorus is shown below. [See History of Chemistry, Sir Edward Thorpe, volume 1, Watts & Co, London, 1914.] Phosphorus around us Read more » Phosphorus is a key component of biological molecules such as DNA and RNA. Phosphorus is a component of bones, and teeth, and many other compounds required for life. Chronic poisoning of people working unprotected with white phosphorus leads to necrosis of the jaw ("phossy-jaw"). Phosphorus is never found as the free element but is widely distributed in many minerals. Phosphate rock, (apatite, impure calcium phosphate), is an important source of the element. Large deposits are found in Morocco, in Russia, and in the USA. Abundances for phosphorus in a number of different environments. More abundance data » Location	The Meanings Behind 20 Chemical Element Names \| Mental Floss The Meanings Behind 20 Chemical Element Names filed under: chemistry , language Like us on Facebook On December 30, 2015, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry announced the discovery of four new chemical elements—numbers 113, 115, 117, and 118—the first new elements added to the periodic table since 2011 . For the time being, they have the fairly clunky Latin and Greek numerical names ununtium (Uut), ununpentium (Uup), ununseptium (Uus), and ununoctium (Uuo), but, by IUPAC rules, their discovers now get the chance to officially name them. Online, there’s growing support to name one of these new “heavy metal” elements lemmium in honor of Motörhead frontman Lemmy (who died two days before they were announced), and another octarine after the fictional “color of magic” in the late Sir Terry Pratchett’s Discworld novels (Pratchett died in March 2015). Whether these two petitions will come to fruition remains to be seen—the final names are not likely to be announced until later in the spring—but as IUPAC rules demand all new elements be named after either a mythological concept or character, a mineral, a place, a property of the element itself, or a scientist [ PDF ], it seems unlikely we’ll be seeing lemmium on the walls of chemistry classes any time soon. The stories behind 20 other chemical element names are explained here. 1. LITHIUM (3) Despite being the least dense metal, lithium takes its name from the Greek word for “stone,” lithos, because it was discovered in a rock (as opposed to the other alkali metals potassium and sodium, which were discovered in plants and animals). 2. CARBON (6) The name carbon comes from the Latin word carbo, meaning “coal” or “charcoal.” A small carbo, incidentally, was a carbunculus, which is the origin of carbuncle. 3. NEON (10) Neon takes its name from neos, the Greek word for “new” (it was “newly” discovered in 1898). 4. PHOSPHORUS (15) Phosphorus literally means “light-bearer” or “light-bringing,” as the first compound of the element glowed in the dark. A century before it became the name of element 15 in the late 1600s, Phosphorus was an alternative name for the planet Venus, whose appearance in the sky was once believed to strengthen the light and heat of the Sun. 5. VANADIUM (23) One of the transition metals, pure vanadium is a harsh steel-grey color, but four of its oxidation states produce a rainbow of solutions, colored purple, green, blue, and yellow . Because he was so impressed with how beautiful and varied these solutions were, the Swedish chemist Nils Sefström chose to name vanadium after Vanadís, an alternate name for the Norse goddess of beauty, Freya. Vanadium’s next door neighbor, chromium (24), also produces a variety of colored compounds and so takes its name from the Greek word for “color,” chroma. 6. COBALT (27) Cobalt is often naturally found alongside or in minerals combined with arsenic, and when smelted, cobalt ore can emit noxious arsenic-laden fumes. Long before the poisonous qualities of minerals like these could be explained by science, copper miners in central Europe had no better explanation than to presume these toxic effects were supernatural, and were caused by devious underground goblins called kobolds who lived inside the rock—and it's from the German word kobold that cobalt gets its name. 7. COPPER (29) The chemical symbol for copper is Cu, which derives from the metal’s Latin name, cuprum. In turn, cuprum is descended from Kyprios, the Ancient Greek name for the island of Cyprus, which was well known in antiquity for its production of copper. Some other chemical elements named after places include germanium (32), americium (95), berkelium (97), californium (98), and darmstadtium (110), while the elements ruthenium (44), holmium (67), lutetium (71), hafnium (72), and polonium (84) take their names from the Latin names for Russia (Ruthenia), Stockholm (Holmia), Paris (Lutetia), Copenhagen (Hafnia), and Poland (Polonia). 8. GALLIUM (31) A brittle, silvery-colored metal with	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,836	For his role in which film did JK Simmons win the Oscar for best Supporting actor in 2015?	J.K. Simmons Wins Best Supporting Actor At The 2015 Oscars, Wants You To Call Your Mom \| The Huffington Post J.K. Simmons Wins Best Supporting Actor At The 2015 Oscars, Wants You To Call Your Mom 02/22/2015 08:42 pm ET \| Updated Feb 26, 2015 320 Leigh Blickley Senior News Editor of Entertainment, The Huffington Post J.K. Simmons won Best Supporting Actor at the Oscars on Sunday for his performance in "Whiplash." In the film, Simmons plays fearsome band teacher Terence Fletcher, who continuously abuses young jazz drummer Andrew (Miles Teller) as the student tries to prove his worth. This is the 60-year-old actor's first Oscar nomination and win. He beat out Ethan Hawke ("Boyhood"), Robert Duvall ("The Judge"), Edward Norton ("Birdman") and Mark Ruffalo ("Foxcatcher") for the honor. Simmons thanked his wife and children in his acceptance speech, before making a plea to everyone to call their parents. "If you’re lucky enough to have a parent alive on this planet -- call them, don’t text them!" Simmons said. Simmons, known for his roles on television shows "Oz" and "Law & Order," has been sweeping the Best Supporting Actor category throughout the 2015 awards show season. He was previously named Best Supporting Actor by the Golden Globes, Screen Actors Guild Awards, Critics' Choice Awards and BAFTA Awards. "So much of my career as a screen actor has been in smaller and supporting roles and this is certainly a supporting role as well, but people refer to this as a two-hander even though there are wonderful characters in it. It's a very meaningful part that's a bigger part of the script than a lot of my characters tend to be," Simmons told Interview magazine of landing the part in "Whiplash." "I still go in and read for directors and meet directors, but it's nice to have somebody just offer me a part like this out of the blue. In that way it's sort of another level of accomplishment/luck." For a full list of Oscar winners, head here . Also on HuffPost:	1965 Academy Awards® Winners and History A Thousand Clowns (1965) Actor: LEE MARVIN in "Cat Ballou", Richard Burton in "The Spy Who Came In From the Cold", Laurence Olivier in "Othello", Rod Steiger in "The Pawnbroker", Oskar Werner in "Ship of Fools" Actress: JULIE CHRISTIE in "Darling", Julie Andrews in "The Sound of Music" , Samantha Eggar in "The Collector", Elizabeth Hartman in "A Patch of Blue", Simone Signoret in "Ship of Fools" Supporting Actor: MARTIN BALSAM in "A Thousand Clowns", Ian Bannen in "The Flight of the Phoenix", Tom Courtenay in "Doctor Zhivago", Michael Dunn in "Ship of Fools", Frank Finlay in "Othello" Supporting Actress: SHELLEY WINTERS in "A Patch of Blue", Ruth Gordon in "Inside Daisy Clover", Joyce Redman in "Othello", Maggie Smith in "Othello", Peggy Wood in "The Sound of Music" Director: ROBERT WISE for "The Sound of Music" , David Lean for "Doctor Zhivago", John Schlesinger for "Darling", Hiroshi Teshigahara for "Woman in the Dunes", William Wyler for "The Collector" This would be the first year that the awards ceremony (on April 18, 1966) would be broadcast in color on television. The two top films in the Best Picture Oscars race in 1965, The Sound of Music and Doctor Zhivago, each had the same number of nominations (ten), and equally divided the same number of Oscars (five): The top winner was 20th Century Fox's and Robert Wise's The Sound of Music , Rodgers and Hammerstein's Broadway musical of the same name brought to the screen. It was the real-life story of unsuited postulant Maria (Julie Andrews) who left Austria's Nonnberg Abbey, became governess to seven motherless Von Trapp children, and helped lead the singing family out of Nazi-occupied Austria to Switzerland (and then to America). The Sound of Music won Best Picture, Best Director (Robert Wise), Best Musical Score, Best Editing, and Best Sound. [This win gave the musical genre consecutive Best Picture wins - My Fair Lady (1964) had won the previous year.] The Sound of Music also topped Gone With The Wind (1939) as the most commercially-successful, money-grossing film to date - thereby saving its studio 20th Century Fox from bankruptcy. Best Director and Best Picture winner Robert Wise had won the same two awards four years earlier (for West Side Story (1961) ), but now he didn't have to share his Best Director award with Jerome Robbins. The swoon-inducing romantic epic and spectacle, Doctor Zhivago, was British director David Lean's follow-up to Lawrence of Arabia (1962) - a Russian epic and a colorful film adaptation of Boris Pasternak's novel. Doctor Zhivago won five Oscars: Best Adapted Screenplay (Robert Bolt), Best Color Cinematography (Freddie Young), Best Art Direction, Best Original Musical Score (Maurice Jarre), and Best Costume Design (Phyllis Dalton). The other three Best Picture nominees included: Stanley Kramer's direction of Katherine Anne Porter's adapted novel, Ship of Fools (with eight nominations and two wins - Best B/W Cinematography and Best B/W Art Direction/Set Decoration) - it featured a star-studded cast as a group of passengers sailing to Germany in the 1930s (with Vivien Leigh in her final film role). the satirical British film about the shallowness of the fashion model scene and the empty life of an amoral model in director John Schlesinger's film, Darling (with five nominations and three wins - Best Actress, Best Story and Screenplay, and Best B/W Costume Design) the low-budget comedy/drama by director Fred Coe (wi	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,837	Making his debut for Newcastle United in 1994, who was the first Belgian to play in the Premier League?	Newcastle Ex Defenders - Newcastle United Newcastle United Newcastle United Defenders Darren Peacock After being released by Bristol Rovers, Peacock started his career in the lower leagues at Newport County, and when the club folded in 1989 he signed for Hereford United. In his first full season with the Bulls, he was voted player of the year, featuring regularly in the team that won the Welsh Cup in 1990. Peacock's performances with Hereford earned him a move to First Division club Queens Park Rangers in 1990 for £200,000. He was a member of the QPR team that beat Manchester United 4–1 at Old Trafford in front of a live television audience on New Year's Day 1992. After having made over 100 league appearances for QPR, Peacock was purchased by Kevin Keegan of Newcastle United on 24 March 1994, for £2.7 million, to strengthen their defence in their first season in the Premier League. A sell-on clause meant that Hereford received a total fee of £440,000 for the player, which remains, as of February 2010, their record transfer fee received. He helped the Magpies to a third-place finish, which earned the club qualification for the UEFA Cup. Newcastle won their first six league games in the 1994–95 season, and there was talk of a first top-flight title since 1927, but they lost form and finished in sixth position, out of the European qualification zone. The following season, Peacock was part of the team that lost the Premier League title to Manchester United after having a 10-point lead at Christmas. He scored only twice for the Magpies, one of those coming in a 5–0 home defeat of Manchester United on 20 October 1996. This was Keegan's final season as club manager, and his replacement, Kenny Dalglish, gradually broke up his predecessor's team. Peacock made 158 appearances for Newcastle in all competitions, and moved on to Blackburn Rovers in 1998, where his serious injury problems began. He scored one goal for Rovers, against Southampton in April 1999, but soon lost his place in the team and served loan spells at West Ham United and Wolverhampton Wanderers. While on loan at Wolves, Peacock collided with his own goalkeeper, Michael Oakes, in a match against Fulham, suffering damaged vertebrae in his neck and compression to his spine. He played on in the match despite being knocked unconscious, and it was only on his return to Blackburn that it became clear how close he had come to paralysis. He retired from football in December 2000. Darren Peacock's Photos Warren Barton On 5 June 1995 he became the most expensive defender in English football when he moved to Newcastle United for £4million, joining the "The Entertainers" being assembled by Kevin Keegan. Everything looked rosy for Barton, and a few England caps followed, his classy, comfortable style on the ball earned him a reputation as a true footballing full-back. His attacking role under Keegan however meant he did not always suit the national team and he did not make too many more appearances for England. He made his debut in the famous black and white kit on 19 August 1995, when the Magpies beat Coventry City 3–0 at St James' Park. He played 31 times that season, and by Christmas it was looking certain that he would be collecting a league title medal as the Magpies had a 10-point lead over Manchester United at the top of the Premier League. However, when the Magpies lost 1–0 at home to the Old Trafford side on 4 March 1996, the lead had been cut to a single point and soon afterwards they were overhauled, having to settle for second place in the final table. Over the next two seasons, Barton's first team opportunities were more limited as manager Kevin Keegan and his successor Kenny Dalglish (who took over in January 1997) chose Steve Watson as a right back more frequently. However, Watson's move to Aston Villa in October 1998 saw Barton return to the right-back position on a more regular basis under new manager Ruud Gullit, and he was still the club's first choice player in this position in 2000–01, by which time the Magpies were being managed by the former England bo	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,838	What material forms the hard outermost layer of a human tooth?	Teeth - Anatomy Pictures and Information Home > Skeletal System > Bones of the Head and Neck > Teeth Teeth The teeth are a group of hard organs found in the oral cavity. We use teeth to masticate (or chew) food into tiny pieces. They also provide shape to the mouth and face and are important components in producing speech. A tooth can be divided into two main parts: the crown and root. Found above the gum line, the crown is the enlarged region of the tooth involved in chewing. Like an actual crown, the crown of a tooth has many ridges on its top surface to aid in the chewing of food. Below the gum line is the region of the tooth called the root, which anchors the tooth into a bony socket known as an alveolus.... Move up/down/left/right: Click compass arrows Rotate image: Click and drag in any direction, anywhere in the frame Identify objects: Click on them in the image 2D Interactive 3D Rotate & Zoom Change Anatomical System Teeth: Dental Plaque and Periodontal Disease Full Teeth Description [Continued from above] . . . Roots are tapered structures resembling the roots of plants, and each tooth may have between one to three roots. The exterior surface of the root is covered in a bone-like mixture of calcium and collagen fibers known as cementum. Cementum provides grip for the periodontal ligaments that anchor the root to the surrounding alveolus. Each tooth is an organ consisting of three layers: the pulp, dentin, and enamel. The pulp of the tooth is a vascular region of soft connective tissues in the middle of the tooth. Tiny blood vessels and nerve fibers enter the pulp through small holes in the tip of the roots to support the hard outer structures. Stem cells known as odontoblasts form the dentin of the tooth at the edge of the pulp. Surrounding the pulp is the dentin, a tough, mineralized layer of tissue. Dentin is much harder than the pulp due to the presence of collagen fibers and hydroxylapatite, a calcium phosphate mineral that is one of the strongest materials found in nature. The structure of the dentin layer is very porous, allowing nutrients and materials produced in the pulp to spread through the tooth. The enamel – the white, outer layer of the crown – forms an extremely hard, nonporous cap over the dentin. Enamel is the hardest substance in the body and is made almost exclusively of hydroxylapatite. Teeth are classified into four major groups: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. Incisors are chisel-shaped teeth found in the front of the mouth and have a flat apical surface for cutting food into smaller bits. Canine teeth, also known as cuspids, are sharply pointed, cone-shaped teeth that are used for ripping tough material like meat. They flank the incisors on both sides. Premolars (bicuspids) and molars are large, flat-surfaced teeth found in the back of the mouth. Peaks and valleys on the flat apical surface of premolars and molars are used for chewing and grinding food into tiny pieces. Babies are born without teeth, but grow a temporary set of twenty deciduous teeth (eight incisors, four canines, and eight molars) between the ages of six months and three years. Baby teeth fill the child’s tiny jaws and allow the child to chew food while larger, stronger adult teeth develop inside the mandible and maxilla bones. At about six years of age the deciduous teeth are slowly shed one at a time and replaced by permanent adult teeth. Adult teeth develop while hidden within the maxilla and mandible after the deciduous teeth have erupted. When an adult tooth erupts, it triggers the roots of the deciduous tooth above it to atrophy. This causes the baby tooth to become loose and eventually fall out. The new permanent tooth slowly pushes up through the gums to replace the baby tooth. Eventually, a total of thirty-two permanent adult teeth form and erupt. The adult teeth are arranged in both the upper and lower jaws from the midline of the mouth as follows: central incisor, lateral incisor, canine (cuspid), first premolar (bicuspid), second premolar, first molar, second molar, and third molar. The first twenty	Types of Teeth - Human Teeth Types of Teeth - Human Teeth The 4 Types of Human Teeth Humans, same as the rest of the mammals, are heterodont animals, meaning that they have several different forms of teeth. Human teeth differentiate in shape, while more primitive animals are homodont and all their teeth have the same shape possibly differing only on size. Permanent human teeth come in four different types: incisors , canines , premolars , and molars . Types of teeth Human teeth belong to four distinct types each having a typical appearance and performing a certain function. The shape and morphology of each human tooth type depends on the function that it is assigned to perform. As a species, humans are omnivorous eating both meats and plants, so they need different types of teeth to handle both types of food. Generally, carnivorous animals need sharp teeth to pierce and tear meat, while herbivorous animals need flat teeth to crush and grind plants. Humans, as omnivorous, must have at least these 2 types of teeth. Through evolution humans have developed 4 different main teeth types: 1. Incisors Incisors (Cutting teeth) are the teeth at the center of the dental arch. There are eight incisors in total in the permanent (and primary) dentition, two on either side (left and right) in the upper and lower jaw. The middle four of them (one at each quadrant) are called central incisors, while the other four next to them are named lateral incisors. Incisors are flat and board, shaped like a shovel with a narrow straight cutting edge that enables them to cut food. The main functions of an incisor in the mastication process are biting, cutting of food into chewable pieces and moving it inwards the mouth. All eight incisors have a single root and almost the same shape, but their size may differ slightly with the upper incisors usually larger, and especially the central ones. 2. Canines (cuspids) Canines (also called eye teeth or cuspids) are the teeth located next to the incisors towards the edge of the mouth. There are 4 canines in both primary and permanent human dentitions, one at each quadrant of the mouth. They are the third teeth from the center. They have a sharp pointed edge that is used to rip and tear tough foods such as meat. In humans canine teeth have the same height as the rest of the teeth but in other animals they are longer and used to bite and kill prey. Canines have a single but long root that can reach up to 3 cm providing the stability required for their function. They are the longest and most stable human teeth. 3. Premolars (bicuspids) Premolars (also called bicuspids) are the teeth located after the canines towards the back of the mouth. There are eight premolars in the permanent dentition, two on either side (left and right) in the upper and lower jaw. The front four of them (one at each quadrant) are called first premolars, while the other four on the back are called second premolars. The premolars are the fourth and fifth teeth from the midline. Premolars are only present in the permanent dentition; there are no premolars in the primary human dentition. When they erupt, they replace the primary molars. The morphology of premolars is a combination between canines and molars. They are also known as bicuspids, because usually they have at least two cusps on their upper side. Premolars have a broader surface for chewing and grinding, but they also have some sharp points for piercing and ripping at the edge of the cusps. Their major role is to begin the crushing of foods before they are transferred to the molars for the final grinding. The upper jaw first premolars have two roots, while the upper second ones and all the lower jaw premolars have only one root. 4. Molars Molars are the teeth located at the back of the dental arch. Adult humans have twelve molars, three on either side (left and right) in the upper and lower jaw. There are only 8 molars in the primary dentition which are replaced by the permanent premolars. Permanent molars are named as first, second, and third starting from the front to the	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,839	Which city hosted the summer Olympic Games of 1912?	Stockholm 1912 Summer Olympics - results & video highlights Official Reports arrow On time The Stockholm Games were a model of efficiency. The Swedish hosts introduced the first Olympic use of automatic timing devices for the track events, the photo finish and a public address system. Last man standing If there was an unofficial theme of the 1912 Games, it was endurance. The course for the cycling road race was 320km (199 miles), the longest race of any kind in Olympic history. In Greco-Roman wrestling, the middleweight semi-final match between Russian Martin Klein and Finland’s Alfred Asikainen lasted 11 hours. Debuts and firsts For the first time, competitors in the Games came from all five continents. It was also the first time Japan participated. The modern pentathlon, women’s swimming and women’s diving all made their Olympic debuts. Mighty Jim Jim Thorpe, a Native American from Oklahoma, won the pentathlon and decathlon by huge margins. He was later disqualified when it was discovered that he had accepted a modest sum to play baseball before the Games. But in 1982, the IOC decided to reinstate him and gave his medals back to his daughter. NOCs: 28 Athletes: 2,407 (48 women, 2,359 men) Events: 102 Media: n/a New technology A well-organised edition of the Olympics, the Stockholm Games saw the first Olympic use of automatic timing equipment, the photo finish and a public address system. Swimming open to women Women's swimming events made their entrance. Japan took part Japan participated for the first time The first art and literature competition Under the nom de plume of Georges Hohrod and M. Eschbach, Baron de Coubertin was awarded first place for his "Ode to sport" which "praises sport in both a literary and sporting way". (Illustration: "Les sports d'hiver" of Carlo Pelligrini, winner of the painting competition of the Concours d'Art) The story of Jim Thorpe A native American from Oklahoma, Jim Thorpe, described by King Gustav V of Sweden as "the greatest athlete in the world", won the pentathlon and decathlon. However, he was disqualified in January 1913 when it was discovered that he had accepted a very modest sum of money to play baseball before the Games. In 1982, the Executive Board of the International Olympic Committee decided to reinstate Jim Thorpe and to give back to his daughter the medals that were rightfully his. His feat was immortalised in the film "The Bronze Man" by Michael Curtiz, with Burt Lancaster in the role of Thorpe. Representation of the five continents For the first time, competitors in the Games came from all five continents. Long live the Games! With the close of the 1912 Olympics, all eyes turned towards the city of Berlin where the next edition of the Games was scheduled to take place. Although World War I made it impossible for plans to proceed, the Games proved their resilience. The 1916 celebration remained in Olympic history as the Games of the VI Olympiad and in 1920 the Olympics were once again held, with the Belgian city of Antwerp acting as Olympic host. Ceremonies Stockholm 1912, Games of the V Olympiad: the Swedish team of women gymnasts parades in the stadium during the Opening Ceremony. Official opening of the Games by: His Majesty The King Gustav V Lighting the Olympic Flame by: A symbolic fire at an Olympic Summer Games was first lit in 1928 in Amsterdam. Olympic Oath by: The athletes’ oath was first sworn at the 1920 Olympic Games in Antwerp. Official Oath by: The officials' oath at an Olympic Summer Games was first sworn in 1972 in Munich. On the obverse, two female figures placing a laurel crown on the head of young victorious athlete. On the reverse, a herald proclaiming the opening of the Games with, on the left, the statue of Ling, the founder of the institutions and the Swedish gym system. All around, the inscription "OLYMPISKA SPELEN STOCKHOLM 1912". More info It represents the parade of nations, each athlete carrying a twirling flag and all going towards a common goal- the Olympic Games. The nudity of the athletes was a reference to the Games of Antiquity, altho	US-HOSTED OLYMPICS \| Beijing, China - Embassy of the United States Embassy of the United States US-HOSTED OLYMPICS US-HOSTED OLYMPICS The United States has hosted eight times of Olympic Games, four times each for the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. The U.S. hosted its first Olympics in 1904 in St. Louis, Missouri. The last U.S.-hosted summer Olympics were held in Atlanta in 1996, preceded by Los Angeles in 1984 and 1932 and by St. Louis in 1904. The most recent winter Olympics in the U.S. were held in Salt Lake City, Utah in 2002. The International Olympic Committee (IOC), is the umbrella organization for the Olympics. The U.S. Olympic Committee (USOC), the National Olympic Committee for the U.S., is responsible for the training, competition opportunities and welfare of American athletes. The United States is the country that has hosted the Olympic Games the most often. After the USA, France has hosted the most Olympic Games -- five, including the 1992 Olympic Winter Games. US-hosted Summer Olympic Games:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,840	Into which body of water does the River Ganges flow?	The Ganges River, Indus River and oceans surrounding India. The Ganges and Indian Bodies of Water The Ganges River is the most famous of India's important river systems and bodies of water. It's the longest river that originates in India and it forms the North Indian River Plain, an area that includes most of Northern and Eastern India, parts of Pakistan, Nepal and all of Bangladesh! It also flows east through the Gangetic region (which is named after the river itself) of the North Indian River Plain. The river rises in the western Himalayan Mountain Range, and drains into the Sunderbans Delta, located in the Bay of Bengal. Its depth averages at about 52 ft, but it's about 100 ft deep in some areas. The Ganges River Basin drains 39,400 square miles and supplies water to one of the world's most densely populated countries. Hindus consider the Ganges to be a holy river and many consider it to be India's National River. It was named after the Hindu Goddess Ganga, due to its life sustaining importance. India is mostly surrounded by bodies of water. The Southwestern side of India borders the Arabian Sea, which is part of the Indian Ocean. It has India to the east, Pakistan to the north and Iran on its western side. The surface area of the Arabian Sea is approximately 1,500,000 miles and it gets to be 15,262 ft deep. The Indus River is also really important to India because it was the birthplace of the Indus Vally Civilization , which was the first Indian civilization, and one of mankind's first civilizations. The Indus River is the largest in Pakistan, and flows directly into the Arabian Sea. Additional rivers in India include the Netravathi, Sharavathi, Narmada, Tapti and Mahi Rivers. Many rivers of the state of Kerala, India also flow into the Arabian Sea. Kerala's coast along central India is called the the Konkan Coast, and its coast along southern India is called the Malabar Coast. The Indian Ocean is enormous! It's the world's third largest ocean and makes up about twenty percent of Earth's water. It lies directly at India's southernmost tip and is the only ocean that was ever named after a country. To its north is South Asia, on its west side is Africa, east of it is Indochina and Australia, and to its south is the Southern Ocean, near Antarctica. The Indian Ocean is more than 6,000 miles wide from the tips of Africa and Australia, and it covers an enormous area of over 28,000 square miles. India's lower east side meets with the Bay of Bengal. The Bay of Bengal is considered the most northeastern point of the Indian Ocean. The Bay of Bengal is the largest bay in the entire world and Its borders are defined by Bangladesh to the north, India and Sri Lanka to the west and Andaman and the Nicobar Islands and Burma to the east. These bodies of water and river systems of India make it possible for the country to sustain the world's, soon-to-be, largest population!	Platanista gangetica (Blind River Dolphin, Ganges Dolphin, Ganges River Dolphin, Ganges Susu, Indus River Dolphin, South Asian River Dolphin) Geographic Range [top] Range Description: This species occurs in the Indus, Ganges-Brahmaputra-Megna, and Karnaphuli-Sangu river systems of the South Asian subcontinent, from the deltas upstream to where they are blocked by rocky barriers, shallow water, fast currents, dams, or barrages (low, gated diversion dams). The three river systems are disjunct and therefore so are their respective dolphin subpopulations, although there may be occasional demographic interaction between the latter two during the high-water season if the freshwater plumes of the two systems meet. There is further subpopulation separation within all three systems, some of it natural but much of it caused by physical barriers constructed within the last 100 years. The subspecies P. g. minor is endemic to the rivers of the lower Indus basin in Pakistan. Historically it occurred in the Indus mainstem and the Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, Chenab, and Jhelum tributaries. It ranged from the Indus delta upstream to the Himalayan foothills where rocky barriers or shallow water prevented further upstream movement. Development of the vast Indus Basin Irrigation System has severely fragmented the dolphin population within a network of barrages (low, gated, diversion dams) and water diversion has dramatically reduced the extent of dolphin habitat. Current occupancy is effectively limited to three subpopulations in the Indus mainstem located between the Chashma and Taunsa, Taunsa and Guddu, and Guddu and Sukkur Barrages. A few individuals still remain above Chashma Barrage and below Sukkur Barrage (Braulik 2003, Reeves and Chaudhry 1998, Reeves 1998) (see Figure 1, in Supplementary Material). The map shows where the species may occur. The species has not been recorded for all the states within the hypothetical range as shown on the map. States for which confirmed records of the species exist are included in the list of native range states. States within the hypothetical range but for which no confirmed records exist are included in the Presence Uncertain list. For further information about this species, see 41758_Platanista_gangetica.pdf . A PDF viewer such as Adobe Reader is required. Countries occurrence: Population [top] Population: Published data on abundance consist primarily of counts conducted within discrete portions of the vast network of riverine and deltaic habitat occupied by these dolphins. Few rigorous estimates of absolute abundance, with estimates of precision, are available. The entire current range of the Indus subspecies was surveyed in 2001 and resulted in an estimate of 843–1,171 individuals, with a best estimate of about 965. The largest subpopulation, containing more than 60% of the total, is located in the Sindh Dolphin Reserve between the Guddu and Sukkur Barrages, at the downstream end of the subspecies’ range. The next largest, with about 27% of the total for the subspecies, is immediately upstream in the Guddu-Taunsa segment of the Indus. Surveys of portions of the range of the Ganges subspecies have collectively accounted for 1,200–1,800 animals, but the true population is believed to be larger because some potentially important areas have yet to be surveyed (e.g., the Indian Sundarbans) and at least some of the counts and estimates were considered negatively biased. The greatest densities of Ganges dolphins have been observed in the Ganges mainstem in India between Maniharighat and Buxar (particularly the Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary) and just downstream of there between Kahalgaon and Manihari Ghat, and in the lower Sangu River of Bangladesh. Dolphin counts in the Guddu-Sukkur segment of the Indus showed an apparently increasing trend from 1974 to 1996. If this increase was real and not an artifact of variable sighting biases, it could be explained by recovery after implementation of a hunting ban in 1974 or by permanent immigration from upstream subpopulations. No credible time series of e	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,841	Which is the lightest recognised boxing weight?	Weight divisions - BoxRec Weight divisions 5 History of the Weight Divisions Current Weight Divisions In January 2015, the World Boxing Council , World Boxing Association and the International Boxing Federation reached an agreement to standardize the names of the 17 weight categories. (The World Boxing Organization has yet to adopt these standard class names.) The currently-recognized weight divisions/classes for professional male boxers, listed in maximum allowable weight, as defined by these four major sanctioning bodies , are: Division/Class Pinweight: up to 101 pounds Light Flyweight: 106 Light Flyweight: up to 106 pounds Flyweight: 112 Super Heavyweight: over 201 Traditional Eight Divisions These are commonly known today as the "traditional divisions," which were basically the only weight classes throughout the early 20th Century, before the numerous "super," "junior" and "light" classes were added. Flyweight: 8 st (50,802 Kg / 112 lbs) Bantamweight: 8 st 6 lbs (53,525 kg / 118 lbs) Featherweight: 9 st (57,153 kg / 126 lbs) Lightweight: 9 st 9 lbs (61,235 kg / 135 lbs) Welterweight: 10½ st (66,678 kg / 147 lbs) Middleweight: 11 st 6 lbs (72,574 kg / 160 lbs) Light Heavyweight: 12½ st (79,378 kg / 175 lbs) Heavyweight: (unlimited) See also, 15 Feb 1909 Los Angeles Herald article re: necessity for revision to universal 8 divisions: [1] History of the Weight Divisions The 21 National Sporting Club ( NSC ) Rules- (1891-?) London-based private club amends 12 Queensberry Rules , modifying with new augment rules with nine specific criteria, such as designating role of officials; devised a system of scoring bouts; and enabled referee to determine who won. Major accomplishment transpired in 1909 ratification vote and 1910 implementation of 8 traditional weight classes: Heavyweight [176 lbs plus; at least 75.3 kg; over 12 stone, 7 lbs] Cruiserweight [175 lb maximum; 79.5 kg; or 12 stone, 7 pounds] later called "lighter heavyweight" by the English and "light heavyweight" by the Americans. Solidified under the New York State Athletic Commission and National Boxing Association as one division, with a uniform name. Middleweight [160 lbs maximum; 72.7 kg; or 11 stone, 4 pounds] Welterweight [147 lbs maximum; 66.8 kg; or 10 stone, 7 pounds] Lightweight [135lbs maximum; 61.4 kg; or 9 stone, 9 pounds] Featherweight [126lbs maximum; 57.3 kg; or 9 stone] Bantamweight [118lbs maximum; 53.6 kg; or 8 stone, 6 pounds] Flyweight [112lbs maximum; 50.9 kg; or 8 stone] NOTE: weight class key- one pound equals .45359237 kilograms one pound equals .0714285714 stone- sixteen ounces equals one pound, 14 stone and 6 kilograms. Olympic Boxing Classes & Weight Divisions: [American lbs, European kilograms, English stones] One pound (lb as unit of mass) is equal to 16 ounces (oz) One kilogram (also equal to 1,000 grams) is equal to 2.2 lbs One stone is equal to 14 pounds (with pounds rounding 5/8th) Super Heavyweight: [202lbs + above; 91.6 kg or 14 stone, 6 pounds] – (est. 1984-end 2004): legislation pending before International Olympic Congress , not subject to change by AIBA . Heavyweight: [179-201lbs*; 81.2 – 91.2 kg; 12 stone, 11 pounds – 14 stone, 5 pounds]– (est. 1904) Light Heavyweight: [166-178lbs; 75.3 – 80.7 kg; or 11 stone, 12 pounds – 12 stone, 10 pounds – (est. 1920) Middleweight: [157-165lbs; 71.2 – 74.8; or 11 stone, 3 pounds – 11 stone, 11 pounds] – (est. 1904) Light Middleweight: [148-156lbs; 67.1 – 70.8 kg; or 10 stone, 8 pounds – 11 stone, 2 pound] – (est. 1952) Welterweight: [140-147lbs; 63.5 – 66.7 kg; or 10 stone – 10 stone, 7 pounds] – (est. 1904) Light Welterweight: [133-139lbs; 60.3 – 63.0 kg; or 9 stone, 7 pounds – 9 stone, 13 pounds] – (est. 1952) Lightweight: [126-132lbs; 57.2 – 59.9 kg; or 9 stone – 9 stone, 6 pounds] – (est. 1904) Featherweight: [120-125lbs; 54.4 – 56.7 kg; or 8 stone, 8 pounds – 8 stone, 13 pounds] – (est. 1904) Bantamweight: [113-119lbs; 51.3 – 53.9 kg; or 8 stone, 1 pound – 8 stone, 7 pounds] – (est. 1904) Flyweight: [107-112lbs; 48.5 – 50.8 kg; or 7 stone, 9 pounds – 8 stone] – (est. 1904) Light Fly	Vargas event: SSCB pugilists feel short-changed - The Hindu Vargas event: SSCB pugilists feel short-changed July 04, 2016 03:31 IST Updated: July 04, 2016 03:31 IST Share Article July 04, 2016 03:31 IST Updated: July 04, 2016 03:31 IST more-in Boxers belonging to the Services Sports Control Board (SSCB) must be feeling helpless as the International Boxing Association (AIBA) has made public the draws of its Olympic qualification event for professional boxers, starting in Vargas, Venezuela, on Monday. The AIBA, which allowed all professional boxers last month to take part in the Olympics, slotted the event to provide a route to the pros from its own events (such as AIBA Pro Boxing and World Series of Boxing) and those competing in non-AIBA competitions to qualify for the Olympics. The event — which will offer three quota places in each category except 91kg and +91kg, from which only the gold medallists will bag Olympic spots — has received lukewarm response with 79 boxers making it to the draws for 26 quota places in 10 weight divisions. Two weights feature only six boxers, while six of them have seven each. Only two weights, 81kg (13) and +91kg (10), have invited pugilists in double digits. In contrast, the AIBA received huge response in previous qualification events including the continental competitions. For example, the Asia-Oceania event had 226 boxers for 36 quota places. Likewise, Africa (181/33), America (180/30), Europe (263/36) and the World qualifying event (375/39) were also crowded tournaments. The men and women’s World championships, which also served as qualifying events, expectedly witnessed bigger participation. Since the Venezuela competition, named APB/WSB Olympic qualification event, has fewer entries, the chances of participating boxers qualifying for the Olympics go up significantly. Even as India, which has gathered three Olympic spots in 56kg, 64kg and 75kg so far, has entered only three boxers — Gaurav Bidhuri (52kg), Neeraj Goyat (69kg) and Dilbag Singh (81kg) — for the Venezuela tournament, the Services pugilists, who are not allowed to participate in any professional event, can do nothing about it. “While boxers are not allowed to compete on the professional circuit, other sportspersons from the Services may participate in different professional leagues such as kabaddi, hockey and football,” Brig. (retd) P.K.M. Raja, heading a professional body, the Indian Boxing Council (IBC), told The Hindu. “Services has got some outstanding boxers and at least four to five of them could have qualified for the Olympics through the Venezuela event and made the country proud at the Rio Olympics,” said a disappointed Raja, a former Indian Amateur Boxing Federation secretary.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,842	Name the last battleship commissioned by the USA, it is now a museum ship in Pearl Harbour, Hawaii?	The US Navy Battleship List 17 Sep 1895 / 15 Feb 1898 (second class battleship) Sunk by explosion 15 Feb 1898; Floated and scuttled at sea 16 Mar 1912. 15 Aug 1895 / 1 Feb 1911 (Considered the first U.S. Navy battleship) Sunk as target 22 Mar 1911; struck 11 Oct 1911. USS Indiana (BB 1) 20 Nov 1895 / 29 Dec 1903 Recommissioned at New York Navy Yard 9 Jan 1906, decommissioned at Philadelphia 23 May 1914. Recommissioned a second time 24 May 1917, at Philadelphia 31 January 1919. Used as aerial bomb target; hulk sold as scrap 19 Mar 1924. USS Massachusetts (BB 2) 10 Jun 1896 / 23 May 1914 Recommissioned 9 Jun 1917 at Philadelphia, decommissioned again 31 Mar 1919. Used as gunnery target; hulk given to Florida 15 Nov 1956. USS Oregon (BB 3) 15 Jul 1896 / 27 Apr 1906 Recommissioned 29 Aug 1911, decommissioned 12 Jun 1919. Commissioned again 24 Aug 1919 and finally decommissioned 4 Oct 1919. Loaned to Oregon as museum 25 Jun 1925; Returned to Navy for WW II; sold for scrap 15 Nov 1956. USS Iowa (BB 4) 16 Jun 1897 / 30 Jun 1903 Recommissioned 23 Dec 1903, decommissioned at Philadelphia 23 Jul 1908. Recommissioned 2 May 1910, decommissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard 27 May 1914. Recommissioned 23 Apr 1917, decommissioned for the final time 31 Mar 1919. Became first radio-controlled target; sunk 23 Mar 1923 as target in Panama Bay. USS Kearsarge (BB 5) 20 Feb 1900 / 4 Sep 1909 Recommissioned 23 Jun 1915, decommissioned 10 May 1920. Was made a crane ship 5 Aug 1920; sold for scrap 9 Aug 1955. USS Kentucky (BB 6) 15 May 1900 / 28 Aug 1909 Recommissioned 4 Jun 1912, decommissioned 31 May 1913. Recommissioned at Philadelphia 23 Jun 1915, decommissioned 29 May 1920. Sold to Dravo Construction Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., for scrapping 23 Jan 1924. USS Illinois (BB 7) 15 Sep 1900 / 4 Aug 1909 Recommissioned 2 Nov 1912, decommissioned 15 May 1920. Loaned to N.Y. 23 Oct 1921 for naval militia; sold to Bethlehem Steel Co., Baltimore, Md., 18 May 1956, for scrap. USS Alabama (BB 8) 16 Oct 1900 / 17 Aug 1909 Recommissioned 17 Apr 1912, decommissioned 7 May 1920. Transferred to War Dept. 15 Sep 1921 for use as target. Sunk in shallow water 27 Sep; 19 Mar 1924, hulk sold as scrap. USS Wisconsin (BB 9) 4 Feb 1901 / 15 Nov 1906 Recommissioned 1 Apr 1908, decommissioned 15 May 1920. Sold for scrap IAW Washington Treaty 26 Jan 1922. USS Maine (BB 10) 29 Dec 1902 / 31 Aug 1909 Recommissioned 15 Jun 1911, decommissioned 15 May 1920. Sold to J.G. Hitner & W.F. Cutler of Philadelphia 23 January 1922; scrapped IAW Washington Treaty. USS Missouri (BB 11) 12 Jan 1903 / 9 Sep 1912 Recommissioned 16 Mar 1914, decommissioned 8 Sep 1919. Sold to J.G. Hitner & W.F. Cutler of Philadelphia 26 January 1922; scrapped IAW Washington Treaty. 4 Oct 1904 / 31 May 1922 Sold for scrap 24 Mar 1923. 7 May 1906 / 13 Aug 1920 Transferred to Army; sunk by bombing off Diamond Shoals, N.C., 5 Sep 1923. 1 Jul 1907 / 2 Jul 1920 Scrapped 30 Nov. 1923 IAW Washington Treaty. 24 Sep 1906 / 15 Jul 1920 Scrapped 1 Nov. 1923 IAW Washington Treaty. 12 May 1906 / 6 Aug 1920 Transferred to Army; sunk by bombing off Diamond Shoals, N.C., 5 Sep 1923. 19 Feb 1906 / 30 Jun 1920 Scrapped 1 Nov. 1923 IAW Washington Treaty. 29 Sep 1906 / 1 Mar 1923 Scrapped 1 Nov. 1923 IAW Washington Treaty. 2 Jun 1906 / 20 Oct 1920 Scrapped 1 Nov. 1923 IAW Washington Treaty. 4 Mar 1907 / 30 Jun 1920 Scrapped 30 Nov. 1923 IAW Washington Treaty. 18 Apr 1907 / 16 Dec 1921 Sold for scrap IAW Washington Treaty. 9 Mar 1907 / 1 Dec 1921 Dismantled at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard IAW Washington Treaty and sold for scrap 23 Jan 1924. USS Mississippi (BB 23) 1 Feb 1908 / 21 Jul 1914 Transferred to Greece. Served as Lemnos until sunk by German aircraft in Salamis harbor April 1941. USS Idaho (BB 24) 1 Apr 1908 / 30 Jul 1914 Transferred to Greece. Served as Kilkis until sunk by German aircraft in Salamis harbor April 1941. 19 Mar 1908 / 21 May 1921 Sold for scrapping 1 Nov. 1923 IAW Washington Treaty. 1 Mar 1910 / 15 dec 1921 Sold for scrap 24 Apr 1924 IAW Washington Treaty. 4 Jan 1910 / 11 Feb 1922 Scra	President Ford Pardons Iva Toguri d'Aquino, Better Known as "Tokyo Rose" \| The American Legion's BurnPit President Ford Pardons Iva Toguri d'Aquino, Better Known as "Tokyo Rose" January 20th, 2015 by Siggurdsson Iva Toguri, aka "Tokyo Rose" mugshot, 1946 Photo courtesty of pingnews service via National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) (Unless otherwise indicated, all illustrations are courtesy of Wikipedia) Today in Military History: January 19, 1977 Today's stroll through history involves one of the minor civilian characters whose actions penetrated into American culture. She found herself on the wrong side of the conflict between her native United States and her ancestral home of Japan; the rest, as they say, is history… Background Iva Toguri was born in Los Angeles on July 4, 1916. Iva was a Girl Scout as a child, and was raised as a Methodist. She attended grammar schools in Mexico and San Diego before returning with her family to Los Angeles. There she finished grammar school, attended high school, and graduated from the UCLA, with a degree in zooology. She then went to work in her parents' shop. On July 5, 1941, Toguri sailed for Japan to visit an ailing relative and to possibly study medicine. The U.S. State Department issued her a Certificate of Identification; she did not have a passport. In September, Toguri applied to the U.S. Vice Consul in Japan for a passport, stating she wished to return to her home in the U.S. Her request was forwarded to the State Department, but the answer had not returned by the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941) and she was stranded in Japan. "Tokyo Rose" aka "Orphan Ann" Toguri was pressured by the Japanese government to renounce her American citizenship, which she refused to do. She was initially declared an enemy alien and refused a war ration card. To support herself, Toguri found a job as a typist at a Japanese news agency, later taking a similar job with Radio Tokyo. In November 1943, Allied POWs forced to broadcast propaganda selected her to host portions of the one-hour radio show The Zero Hour. After she refused to broadcast anti-American propaganda, Toguri was assured by her producers that they would not write scripts having her say anything against the U.S. True to their word, no such propaganda was found in her broadcasts. Toguri hosted a total of 340 broadcasts of The Zero Hour. Toguri performed in comedy sketches and introduced recorded music, but never participated in any actual newscasts, with on-air speaking time of generally about 20 minutes. Though earning only 150 yen – about $7 – per month, she used some of her earnings to feed POWs, smuggling food in as she did before. Toguri aimed most of her comments toward her fellow Americans ("my fellow orphans"), using American slang and playing American music. She routinely referred to American and allied troops in the Pacific theater as "boneheads." In one of the few surviving recordings of her show, she refers to herself as "your 'Number One' enemy." [At no time did Toguri call herself "Tokyo Rose" during the war, and in fact there was no evidence that any other broadcaster had done so. The name was a catch-all used by Allied forces for all of the women who were heard on Japanese propaganda radio.] Post-War At war's end, reporters visiting Japan went on the hunt for Tokyo Rose. Unfortunately, as the reporters soon discovered, several women broadcast over Radio Tokyo and none used the name Tokyo Rose. Unwilling to puncture a balloon that now had grown to a gigantic size, the reporters promised $2,000 to Iva Toguri to say that she was Tokyo Rose. Toguri, who'd been stranded in Japan by the war and provided for herself by getting a job as a DJ, signed a statement claiming to be Tokyo Rose, though she had no idea that this figure had been implicated in treason. The army conducted an investigation and cleared her, as the New York Times reported in August 1945."There is no Tokyo Rose," the U.S. Office of War Information revealed,"the name is strictly a G.I. invention.... Government monitors liste	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,843	On 19 June 1975, an inquest jury named whom as the murderer of Sandra Rivett, the last time that an inquest was allowed to name the person they suspected of committing such a crime?	Wikiwix » Wikipedia - Richard Nixon Richard Nixon Richard Nixon University School of Law in 1937 and returned to California to practice law. He and his wife, Pat Nixon , moved to Washington to work for the federal government in 1942. He subsequently joined the United States Navy , serving in the Pacific Theatre during World War II . Nixon was elected Richard Burton Richard Burton was born Richard Walter Jenkins in the village of Pontrhydyfen , Neath Port Talbot , Wales. He grew up in a working class, Welsh-speaking household, the twelfth of thirteen children. [ 3 ] His father, Richard Walter Jenkins, was a short, robust coal miner, a "twelve-pints Birthplace of Richard Nixon The Richard Nixon Birthplace is where Richard Nixon was born and lived from 1913 to 1922. [ 4 ] It was built in 1913 in the California style with "Bungaloid elements" [ 5 ] by his father, Francis A. Nixon [ 3 ] from a home building kit purchased through Sears Catalog Home . It is a Richard J. Daley Daley was Chicago 's third mayor in a row from the working-class, heavily Irish American Bridgeport neighborhood on Chicago's South Side , and he lived there his entire life. Daley had two bases of power, serving as a Committeeman and Chairman of the Cook County Democratic Central Committee Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum The Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum is the presidential library and final resting place of Richard Milhous Nixon , the 37th President of the United States . Located in Yorba Linda, California , the library is one of twelve administered by the National Archives and Records Pat Nixon manager, typist, X-ray technician , and retail store clerk. In 1940, she married lawyer Richard Nixon and they had two daughters. Pat campaigned for her husband in his successful congressional campaigns of 1946 and 1948. Richard Nixon was elected Vice President in the Eisenhower administration Richard Bingham, 7th Earl of Lucan On 19 June 1975, an inquest jury named Lucan as the murderer of Sandra Rivett, the last time that an inquest was allowed to name the person they suspected of committing such a crime. [ 2 ] He was presumed deceased in chambers on 11 December 1992 [ 3 ] and declared legally dead in October Richard Halliburton Richard Halliburton was born in Brownsville, Tennessee to Wesley, a civil engineer and real estate speculator, and Nelle Nance Halliburton. A brother, Wesley Jr., was born in 1903. The family moved to Memphis , where the brothers, who were not close, spent their childhood. He attended Memphis wikipedia.org \| 2011/7/30 6:32:42	Index-a The live album Beauty and the Beat featured pianist George Shearring and which singer? Peggy Lee Whose band was the Tijuana Brass? Herb Alpert Who were Cliff Richard's backing group through the 60s? The Shadows Who were the famous backing singers on most of Elvis Presley's early hits? The Jordanaires The Stratocaster is a model of which guitar maker? Fender Which piano-playing singer's first hit was The Fat Man? Fats Domino Which American rock'n'roll star caused controversy when he married a young teenager? Jerry Lee Lewis Who made the highly rated 1959 jazz album Kind of Blue? Miles Davis Which iconic British female singer made the highly regarded album titled '(her first name) in Memphis' ? Dusty Springfield Whose band was the All Stars? Junior Walker (Jr Walker) Larry Adler played what instrument? Harmonica Whose childhood hit was Fingertips? Stevie Wonder Which guitar innovator and player has a range of Gibson Guitars named after him? Les Paul The founding brother members of the Kinks were Ray and Dave what? Davies What was Smokey Robinson's most famous band called? The Miracles Kenny Ball and his Jazzmen's 1962 hit was called March of the ... what? Siamese Children Who sang the hit theme song Rawhide? Frankie Laine John Mayall's band which helped launch Eric Clapton's career was called what? Bluesbreakers Rock Around the Clock was a hit for Bill Haley and his ... what? Comets Which comedy actor had a novelty hit with My Boomerang Won't Come Back? Charlie Drake Who sang with Serge Gainsbourg on the hit Je t'aime? Jane Birkin Colin Blunstone fronted which 1960s group? The Zombies What Eastenders star sang on the novelty hit Come Outside? Wendy Richard Jiles Perry (JP) Richardson Jr, who died in the same plane crash as Ritchie Valens and Buddy Holly was better known by what name?Big Bopper Which later-to-be-famous solo singer and guitarist toured as a member of the Beach Boys in the mid 60s? Glen Campbell Who had sang the hit song Little Old Wine Drinker Me? Dean Martin What famous 'two-fingered' jazz guitarist died in 1953? Django Reinhardt (Jean-Baptiste Reinhardt) What song, released to promote the film The Millionairess, featured its stars Peter Sellers and Sophia Loren? Goodness Gracious Me Who managed the Beatles' prior to his early death in 1967? Brian Epstein Whose nickname was a derived from the term satchel-mouth? Louis Armstrong (Satchmo) What's the name of the motorbiker who dies in the Shangri-Las' hit The Leader of the Pack? Jimmy Which singing-songwriting founder of the Flying Burrito Brothers died age 26, after which his body was 'stolen' by a friend and burnt in the Joshua Tree National Park? Gram Parsons Which American singer and entertainer was nicknamed Schnozzola, because of his large nose? Jimmy Durante Who wrote and had a hit with the instrumental Classical Gas? Mason Williams Who wrote Patsy Cline's hit Crazy? Willie Nelson What city hosted the Beatles as the resident band at the Kaiserkeller and Top Ten Club? Hamburg The Isley Brothers' hit was called Behind a ... what? Painted Smile 1950-60s record turntables commonly offered four speeds: 33, 45, 78, and what other? 16 (technically the speeds were 33⅓ and 16⅔ but record decks tended to show only the whole numbers) American DJ Robert Weston Smith was better known by what stage name? Wolfman Jack What ridiculously titled song was a hit in 1954 for Max Bygraves in the UK and the Four Lads in the USA? Gilly Gilly Ossenfeffer Katzenellen Bogen by the Sea Who had the 1965 instrumental hit Spanish Flea? Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass What was Emile Ford and the Checkmates' 1959 hit, supposedly the longest ever question in a UK No1 song title? What Do You Want to Make Those Eyes at Me For? Who singer-guitarist's backing band was The Bruvvers? Joe Brown Which Rolling Stones guitarist died in a swimming pool in 1969? Bri	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,844	On July 16, 1945, the nuclear age was ushered in with the explosion of a test bomb at the Trinity test site in what US state?	Manhattan Project: The Trinity Test, July 16, 1945 THE TRINITY TEST The Manhattan Project and the Second World War, 1939-1945 Until the atomic bomb could be tested, doubt would remain about its effectiveness. The world had never seen a nuclear explosion before, and estimates varied widely on how much energy would be released. Some scientists at Los Alamos continued privately to have doubts that it would work at all. There was only enough weapons-grade uranium available for one bomb, and confidence in the gun-type design was high, so on July 14, 1945, most of the uranium bomb ("Little Boy") began its trip westward to the Pacific without its design having ever been fully tested. A test of the plutonium bomb seemed vital, however, both to confirm its novel implosion design and to gather data on nuclear explosions in general. Several plutonium bombs were now "in the pipeline" and would be available over the next few weeks and months. It was therefore decided to test one of these. Robert Oppenheimer chose to name this the "Trinity" test, a name inspired by the poems of John Donne. The site chosen was a remote corner on the Alamagordo Bombing Range known as the "Jornada del Muerto," or "Journey of Death," 210 miles south of Los Alamos. The elaborate instrumentation surrounding the site was tested with an explosion of a large amount of conventional explosives on May 7. Preparations continued throughout May and June and were complete by the beginning of July. Three observation bunkers located 10,000 yards north, west, and south (right) of the firing tower at ground zero would attempt to measure key aspects of the reaction. Specifically, scientists would try to determine the symmetry of the implosion and the amount of energy released. Additional measurements would be taken to determine damage estimates, and equipment would record the behavior of the fireball. The biggest concern was control of the radioactivity the test device would release . Not entirely content to trust favorable meteorological conditions to carry the radioactivity into the upper atmosphere, the Army stood ready to evacuate the people in surrounding areas. On July 12, the plutonium core was taken to the test area in an army sedan (left). The non-nuclear components left for the test site at 12:01 a.m., Friday the 13th. During the day on the 13th, final assembly of the "Gadget" (as it was nicknamed) took place in the McDonald ranch house. By 5:00 p.m. on the 15th, the device had been assembled and hoisted atop the 100-foot firing tower. Leslie Groves, Vannevar Bush, James Conant, Ernest Lawrence, Thomas Farrell, James Chadwick, and others arrived in the test area, where it was pouring rain. Groves and Oppenheimer, standing at the S-10,000 control bunker, discussed what to do if the weather did not break in time for the scheduled 4:00 a.m. test. To break the tension, Fermi began offering anyone listening a wager on "whether or not the bomb would ignite the atmosphere, and if so, whether it would merely destroy New Mexico or destroy the world." Oppenheimer himself had bet ten dollars against George Kistiakowsky's entire month's pay that the bomb would not work at all. Meanwhile, Edward Teller was making everyone nervous by applying liberal amounts of sunscreen in the pre-dawn darkness and offering to pass it around. At 3:30, Groves and Oppenheimer pushed the time back to 5:30. At 4:00, the rain stopped. Kistiakowsky and his team armed the device shortly after 5:00 and retreated to S-10,000. In accordance with his policy that each observe from different locations in case of an accident, Groves left Oppenheimer and joined Bush and Conant at base camp. Those in shelters heard the countdown over the public address system, while observers at base camp picked it up on an FM radio signal. During the final seconds, most observers laid down on the ground with their feet facing the Trinity site and simply waited. As the countdown approached one minute, Isidore Rabi said to the man lying next to him, Kenneth Griesen, "Aren't you nervous?" "Nope	V-J Day - World War II - HISTORY.com Google From Pearl Harbor to Hiroshima and Nagasaki Japan’s devastating surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on Oahu, Hawaii , on December 7, 1941, capped a decade of deteriorating relations between Japan and the United States and led to an immediate U.S. declaration of war the following day. Japan’s ally Germany, led by Adolf Hitler , then declared war on the United States, turning the war raging in Europe into a truly global conflict. Over the next three years, superior technology and productivity allowed the Allies to wage an increasingly one-sided war against Japan in the Pacific, inflicting enormous casualties while suffering relatively few. By 1945, in an attempt to break Japanese resistance before a land invasion became necessary, the Allies were consistently bombarding Japan from air and sea, dropping some 100,000 tons of explosives on more than 60 Japanese cities and towns between March and July 1945 alone. Did You Know? Rhode Island is the only state with a holiday dedicated to V-J Day (its official name is Victory Day); it is celebrated on the second Monday in August. V-J Day parades are held in several other locations across the United States, including Seymour, Indiana; Moosup, Connecticut; and Arma, Kansas. The Potsdam Declaration, issued by Allied leaders on July 26, 1945, called on Japan to surrender; if it did, it was promised a peaceful government according to “the freely expressed will of the Japanese people.” If it did not, it would face “prompt and utter destruction.” The embattled Japanese government in Tokyo refused to surrender, and on August 6 the American B-29 plane Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima, killing more than 70,000 people and destroying a 5-square-mile expanse of the city. Three days later, the United States dropped a second atomic bomb on Nagasaki, killing another 40,000. The following day, the Japanese government issued a statement accepting the terms of the Potsdam Declaration. In a radio address in the early afternoon of August 15 (August 14 in the United States), Emperor Hirohito urged his people to accept the surrender, blaming the use of the “new and most cruel bomb” on Hiroshima and Nagasaki for the country’s defeat. “Should we continue to fight,” Hirohito declared, “it would not only result in the ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation but would also lead to the total extinction of human civilization.” Reaction to Japanese Surrender In Washington on August 14, President Harry S. Truman announced news of Japan’s surrender in a press conference at the White House : “This is the day we have been waiting for since Pearl Harbor. This is the day when Fascism finally dies, as we always knew it would.” Jubilant Americans declared August 14 “Victory over Japan Day,” or “V-J Day.” (May 8, 1945–when the Allies accepted Nazi Germany’s official surrender–had previously been dubbed “Victory in Europe Day,” or “V-E Day.”) Images from V-J Day celebrations around the United States and the world reflected the overwhelming sense of relief and exhilaration felt by citizens of Allied nations at the end of the long and bloody conflict. In one particularly iconic photo taken by Alfred Eisenstaedt for Life magazine, a uniformed sailor passionately kisses a nurse in the midst of a crowd of people celebrating in New York City’s Times Square. On September 2, Allied supreme commander General Douglas MacArthur , along with the Japanese foreign minister, Mamoru Shigemitsu, and the chief of staff of the Japanese army, Yoshijiro Umezu, signed the official Japanese surrender aboard the U.S. Navy battleship Missouri , effectively ending World War II . V-J Day over the Years Many V-J Day celebrations fell out of favor over the years due to concerns about their being offensive to Japan, now one of America’s closest allies, and to Japanese Americans, as well as ambivalent feelings toward the nuclear devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In 1995, the 50th anniversary of the end of World War II, the administrati	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,845	Adolfo Celi played primary baddie Emilio Largo in which James Bond film?	Top 10 Bond baddies \| Metro News Top 10 Bond baddies metrowebukmetro Wednesday 15 Nov 2006 2:15 pm The best part of any James Bond film has to be the good old-fashioned baddies. Not those content with the relatively small-time arms or drug dealing but the big time villains who build huge laser-guns powered by diamonds, giant space stations, underwater facilities and secret island hideaways. The Man with the Golden Gun – played by Christopher Lee We take a look at the top 10 Bond baddies. You can decide whether the latest Casino Royale villain can compare to the film genre’s past masters. :: Jaws (Moonraker) Steel-toothed Jaws has been voted the best James Bond baddie of all time in a poll celebrating the long-running MI6 spy series. The 7ft 2in assassin, who quite literally went for his victim’s jugular, topped a recent Total Film magazine vote. Jaws, played by former nightclub bouncer Richard Kiel, even fought off strong competition from Goldfinger’s deadly henchman Oddjob. :: Oddjob (Goldfinger) Oddjob was the lethal steel-rimmed bowler hat-throwing henchman to the villain Auric Goldfinger. He was played by Japanese American actor Harold Sakata. He only has two lines in the movie – “Aha!” which was used in the golf game and as an order to fellow henchmen, and the terrified screaming during his death. :: Ernst Stavro Blofeld (From Russia With Love and Thunderball) Conniving Ernst Stavro Blofeld, played by Anthony Dawson, appears in both From Russia With Love and Thunderball. The character was known for being highly intelligent but also highly ruthless. He showed no emotion and had no problem with eliminating any staff member who was disloyal or failed their assignment. :: Dr No (Dr No) The first James Bond villain was a cold, calculating doctor with a plan to dominate the world. His plot was to take control using US space ships which he controlled from his Jamaican island. Dr No was half Chinese and half German and had metal fingers instead of real ones. :: Auric Goldfinger (Goldfinger) Goldfinger was in love with gold and therefore surrounded himself with, you guessed it, gold. His wicked plan was to detonate a nuclear bomb inside Fort Knox. This would makes his gold worth 10 times as much, as the world’s supply would be eradicated. He hated to lose in any game and even resorted to cheating so he would win. Bad Goldfinger! :: Red Grant (From Russia With Love) Red Grant was the nasty henchman in From Russia With Love. His job was to kill Bond and deliver the Russian cypher machine Lecktor – he was instructed by Blofeld to do all his dirty work. :: Emilio Largo (Thunderball) Emilio Largo, played by Adolfo Celi, was SPECTRE agent number two and was responsible for blackmailing NATO. Using two stolen nuclear missiles, he helped manipulate England and the US to pay the huge ransom demands. Largo also had a love for sharks, boating and human torture. Nice! :: Mr Big/Kananga (Live And Let Die) This evil villain pretended to be two different people to conduct his dodgy dealings. Being both Mr Big and Kananga, he wanted to flood the heroin market and control it. Using a hidden heroin field and the threat of voodoo, Kananga thought he had everything taken care of until 007 caught up with him. :: Scaramanga (The Man With The Golden Gun) One of the best villains of all time was Francisco Scaramanga, who was also know as The Man With The Golden Gun. His dream was to dominate solar power – he foolishly challenged Bond to a duel and, of course lost. Christopher Lee – Ian Fleming’s cousin in real life – played the character. :: Max Zorin (A View To A Kill) Christopher Walken was perfect as Max Zorin, a KGB psychopath who dreamed of monopolising the microchip industry. To do this meant he had the rather large task of destroying Silicon Valley. Zorin was also interested in horse racing and steroids. His famous sidekick was diva Grace Jones. More	Richard Kiel, James Bond villian Jaws, dies at 74 - Chicago Tribune Privacy Policy Richard Kiel , who most famously played the villainous Jaws in two James Bond films starring Roger Moore, "The Spy Who Loved Me" and "Moonraker," and also appeared in Adam Sandler comedy "Happy Gilmore," died Wednesday afternoon in a hospital in Fresno, Calif., three days shy of his 75th birthday. Kiel died at Saint Agnes Medical Center , hospital spokeswoman Kelley Sanchez said. She did not reveal any further details on the cause of his death, citing patient confidentiality. "He was a very loyal friend and client for over 35 years, a terrific husband and father, and was not only a giant actor but a giant man," said Steve Stevens, Kiel's agent. The actor had broken his leg earlier in the week, but it is not clear if that event is tied to his death. Kiel had lent his voice to a James Bond videogame in 2003 but more recently had voiced Vlad for the animated film "Tangled" in 2010. Before his appearances in the Bond film in the mid to late '70s, Kiel was perhaps best known for his roles in Burt Reynolds prison football film "The Longest Yard" and for appearing in several episodes of "The Wild Wild West" as an assistant to supervilllain Miguelito Loveless (played by dwarf Michael Dunn). Remembering legends, celebrities and other newsmakers who passed away this year. Younger audiences knew him best from "Happy Gilmore," in which he played a golf spectator who threatens the villainous Shooter McGavin. Stevens said Kiel had taken a step back from acting after he was involved in a truck accident several years ago and was faced with walking difficulties. He remained active on the autograph circuit for avid Bond fans. Kiel stood 7 feet 1.5 inches tall in his prime. His height and distinctive features were the result of acromegaly, a hormonal condition. In 1962 the actor played the title role in "Eegah," beloved by fans of extraordinarily bad movies. The same year Kiel starred "To Serve a Man," a classic episode of "Twilight Zone" in which he played Kanamit. A few years later he appeared on "The Monkees." In the 1970s he continued to appear on television. He was a series regular on the William Shatner- Doug McClure series "Barbary Coast," and he was an evil Native American shapeshifter who terrorizes Darren McGavin 's character in "The Night Stalker." The actor's autobiography, "Making It Big in the Movies," was published in 2002. Variety, Reuters	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,846	What name is given to the negative electrode of an electrolytic cell?	physical chemistry - Positive or Negative Anode/Cathode in Electrolytic/Galvanic Cell - Chemistry Stack Exchange Positive or Negative Anode/Cathode in Electrolytic/Galvanic Cell up vote 19 down vote favorite 5 In a galvanic (volatic) cell, the anode is considered negative and the cathode is considered positive. This seems reasonable as the anode is the source of electrons and and the cathode is where the electrons flow to. However, in an electrolytic cell, the anode is taken to be positive while the cathode is now negative. However, the reaction is still similar, whereby electrons from the anode flow to the positive terminal of the battery, and electrons from the battery flow to the cathode. So why does the sign of the cathode and anode switch when considering a electrolytic cell? The anode is the electrode where the oxidation reaction \\begin{align} \\ce{Red -> Ox + e-} \\end{align} takes place while the cathode is the electrode where the reduction reaction \\begin{align} \\ce{Ox + e- -> Red} \\end{align} takes place. That's how cathode and anode are defined. Galvanic cell Now, in galvanic cell the reaction proceeds without an external potential helping it along. Since at the anode you have the oxidation reaction which produces electrons you get a build-up of negative charge in the course of the reaction until electrochemical equilibrium is reached. Thus the anode is negative. At the cathode on the other hand you have the reduction reaction which consumes electrons (leaving behind positive (metal) ions at the electrode) and thus leads to a build-up of positive charge in the course of the reaction until electrochemical equilibrium is reached. Thus the cathode is positive. Electrolytic cell In an electrolytic cell you apply an external potential to enforce the reaction to go in the opposite direction. Now the reasoning is reversed. At the negative electrode where you have produced a high electron potential via an external voltage source electrons are "pushed out" of the electrode, thereby reducing the oxidized species $\\ce{Ox}$, because the electron energy level inside the electrode (Fermi Level) is higher than the energy level of the LUMO of $\\ce{Ox}$ and the electrons can lower their energy by occupying this orbital - you have very reactive electrons so to speak. So the negative electrode will be the one where the reduction reaction will take place and thus it's the cathode. At the positive electrode where you have produced a low electron potential via an external voltage source electrons are "sucked into" the electrode leaving behind the the reduced species $\\ce{Red}$ because the electron energy level inside the electrode (Fermi Level) is lower than the energy level of the HOMO of $\\ce{Red}$. So the positive electrode will be the one where the oxidation reaction will take place and thus it's the anode. A tale of electrons and waterfalls Since there is some confusion concerning the principles on which an electrolysis works, I'll try a metaphor to explain it. Electrons flow from a region of high potential to a region of low potential much like water falls down a water fall or flows down an inclined plane. The reason is the same: water and electrons can lower their energy this way. Now the external voltage source acts like two big rivers connected to waterfalls: one at a high altitude that leads towards a waterfall - that would be the minus pole - and one at a low altitude that leads away from a waterfall - that would be the plus pole. The electrodes would be like the points of the river shortly before or after the waterfalls in this picture: the cathode is like the edge of a waterfall where the water drops down and the anode is like the point where the water drops into. Ok, what happens at the electrolysis reaction? At the cathode you have the high altitude situation. So the electrons flow to the "edge of their waterfall". They want to "fall down" because behind them the river is pushing towards the edge exerting some kind of "pressure". But where can they fall down to? The other electrode is seperated from them by the solut	Account Suspended Account Suspended This Account has been suspended. Contact your hosting provider for more information.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,847	Mixing blue, red, and green light produces what colour/color?	Color Addition Color Addition Light Waves and Color - Lesson 2 - Color and Vision Color Addition Blue Skies and Red Sunsets Color perception, like sound perception , is a complex subject involving the disciplines of psychology, physiology, biology, chemistry and physics. When you look at an object and perceive a distinct color, you are not necessarily seeing a single frequency of light. Consider for instance that you are looking at a shirt and it appears purple to your eye. In such an instance, there may be several frequencies of light striking your eye with varying degrees of intensity. Yet your eye-brain system interprets the frequencies that strike your eye and the shirt is decoded by your brain as being purple. Primary Colors of Light The subject of color perception can be simplified if we think in terms of primary colors of light. We have already learned that white is not a color at all , but rather the presence of all the frequencies of visible light. When we speak of white light, we are referring to ROYGBIV - the presence of the entire spectrum of visible light. But combining the range of frequencies in the visible light spectrum is not the only means of producing white light. White light can also be produced by combining only three distinct frequencies of light, provided that they are widely separated on the visible light spectrum. Any three colors (or frequencies) of light that produce white light when combined with the correct intensity are called primary colors of light. There are a variety of sets of primary colors. The most common set of primary colors is red (R), green (G) and blue (B). When red, green and blue light are mixed or added together with the proper intensity, white (W) light is obtained. This is often represented by the equation below: R + G + B = W In fact, the mixing together (or addition) of two or three of these three primary colors of light with varying degrees of intensity can produce a wide range of other colors. For this reason, many television sets and computer monitors produce the range of colors on the monitor by the use of red, green and blue light-emitting phosphors. The addition of the primary colors of light can be demonstrated using a light box. The light box illuminates a screen with the three primary colors - red (R), green (G) and blue (B). The lights are often the shape of circles. The result of adding two primary colors of light is easily seen by viewing the overlap of the two or more circles of primary light. The different combinations of colors produced by red, green and blue are shown in the graphic below. (CAUTION: Because of the way that different monitors and different web browsers render the colors on the computer monitor, there may be slight variations from the intended colors.) Color Addition Rules These demonstrations with the color box illustrate that red light and green light add together to produce yellow (Y) light. Red light and blue light add together to produce magenta (M) light. Green light and blue light add together to produce cyan (C) light. And finally, red light and green light and blue light add together to produce white light. This is sometimes demonstrated by the following color equations and graphic: R + G = Y Green and Magenta Blue and Yellow The production of various colors of light by the mixing of the three primary colors of light is known as color addition. The color addition principles discussed on this page can be used to make predictions of the colors that would result when different colored lights are mixed. In the next part of Lesson 2 , we will learn how to use the principles of color addition to determine why different objects look specific colors when illuminated with various colors of light. We Would Like to Suggest ... Sometimes it isn't enough to just read about it. You have to interact with it! And that's exactly what you do when you use one of The Physics Classroom's Interactives. We would like to suggest that you combine the reading of this page with the use of our RGB Color Addition Interactive . The Interactive is fou	Quia - French Life- Teacher's Discovery Trivia Java Games: Flashcards, matching, concentration, and word search. French Life- Teacher's Discovery Trivia Tools What percentage of the French people are raised Catholic? 90% Which is faster, the rapide, the express, or the omnibus? the rapide What is an Hôtel de Ville? a town hall At what age do children begin a lycée? 15-16 Where do the French people prefer to die? at home What color are the uniforms of the agents de police? blue In which hand do the French hold the fork while eating? left What is the national greeting in France? kisses on each cheek In France, which type of wedding is required by law: civil or religious? civil What fraction of the French live in Paris? one sixth France is 2nd to what other country as leading exporters of food and drink? United States Where would you find a couchette? on a train What good is a jeton? token for pay telephone For which must one pay tuition: école maternelle or jardin d'enfants? jardin d'enfants What do children hunt at Easter? eggs What is the legal voting age in France? 18 How many children does the average married couple have? two Are the French taking more or less leisure time than before? more What kind of men are pictured on French money? artists, writers If you call en PCV, who pays? the person you are calling What do the French people do upon leaving each other? Shake hands What is the French attitude toward public displays of affection? they ignore it or greet it with a smile In France, a person is guilty until proven innocent: true or false? true What is the age for getting a driver's license? 18 At a formal dinner, where do most host and hostess sit? at ends opposite each other What is Maxim's? What is the largest airline in France? Air France Do windows usually swing inwards or outwards? inwards What are the colors of the French flag? red, white, and blue In what does Père Noël put candies? in shoes When is the French Labor Day? May 1 What is celebrated on November 11? Memorial Day, end of World War I What do the French do after Midnight Mass on Christmas Eve? go home and eat a big dinner Where would you most likely find Par Avion written? on an envelope ("airmail") How many kilometers equal one mile? 1.6 Is a liter more of less than a gallon? less What is the primary religion of France? Roman Catholicism When do the French celebrate La Toussaint? November 1 What percentage of the world does not use the metric system? 10 If a taxi is available in Paris, will the light be on or off? on How many cents are in a euro? 100 What is the unit of money in France? the euro What is meant by francophone? French-speaking person/nation	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,848	Who was the merchant sea-captain who made the first American circumnavigation of the world in 1790, and is known for trading voyages to the northern Pacific coast of North America between 1790 and 1793, which pioneered the fur trade in that region?	About: Robert Gray (sea captain) About: Robert Gray (sea captain) An Entity of Type : person , from Named Graph : http://dbpedia.org , within Data Space : dbpedia.org Robert Gray (May 10, 1755 – circa July, 1806) was an American merchant sea captain who is known for his achievements in connection with two trading voyages to the northern Pacific coast of North America, between 1790 and 1793, which pioneered the American maritime fur trade in that region. In the course of those voyages, Gray explored portions of that coast and, in 1790, completed the first American circumnavigation of the world. Perhaps his most remembered accomplishment from his explorations was his coming upon and then naming of the Columbia River, in 1792 while on his second voyage. Property abstract روبرت غراي (10 مايو 1755 في رود آيلاند - يوليو 1806 على بحيرة بالقرب من كارولاينا الجنوبية) كان أول أمريكي يبحر حول العالم تحت العلم الأمريكي. أبحر عام 1778 مع جون كيندريك من ميناء بوسطن على اثنين من السفن.متجها نحو شمال الأطلسي عن طريق كيب هورن. وعاد عن طريق الصين وعن طريق رأس الرجاء الصالح عام 1790. ثم أبحر مرة أخرى في الطريق نفسه، كما أبحر نحو مصب نهر كولومبيا عام 1792 وسمي النهر باسم سفينته.32x28pxبوابة الولايات المتحدة32x28pxبوابة ملاحة (ar) Robert Gray (* 10. Mai 1755 in Tiverton, Rhode Island; † Juli 1806 auf See bei Charleston, South Carolina, USA) war der erste US-Amerikaner, der die Welt umsegelte. 1787 verließ Gray zusammen mit John Kendrick den Hafen von Boston auf zwei Schiffen, um an der Nordwestküste Amerikas Handel zu treiben. Danach brach Gray nach China auf und umrundete die Welt. Auf einer zweiten Expedition segelte er 1792 in die Mündung des Columbia River und benannte den Fluss nach seinem Schiff. Grays Erstbefahrung bildete später eine der Grundlagen für die territorialen Ansprüche der USA im Oregon Country. (de) Robert Gray (10 mai 1755 – c. juillet 1806) est un capitaine de marine marchande et un explorateur américain. Il commanda le premier bateau américain qui fui le tour du monde en 1790 et fut le premier à entrer dans le fleuve Columbia en 1792, qu'il nomma d'après le nom de son navire, Columbia Rediviva. Avec ses voyages sur la côte Pacifique du Nord-Ouest de l'Amérique du Nord, il fut le pionnier du commerce américain de fourrure dans cette région. Gray est né à Tiverton, Rhode Island, et on ne connait peu de choses de sa jeunesse. Il aurait participé à la guerre d'indépendance américaine dans la Continental Navy et des éléments prouvent qu'il a participé au commerce triangulaire de la Caroline du Sud à bord du Pacific. Le fait que Gray fut le premier à rentrer dans l'estuaire du Columbia fut utilisé plus tard comme base des revendications territoriales des États-Unis sur l'« Oregon Country » (les rivaux Britanniques utilisaient le nom de « Columbia District », qui recouvrait une zone à peu près similaire, nom dérivé du nom du fleuve choisi par Gray). Ce nom devint aussi, à partir du milieu du XIXe siècle, le nom de la colonie britannique de la Colombie-Britannique qui devint une province du Canada en 1871. Gray ne publia jamais ses découvertes géographiques de l'estuaire du Columbia ni des côtes pacifiques contrairement au Britannique George Vancouver qui les publia après son retour en Angleterre avec ses propres explorations et donnant également crédit à Gray. Néanmoins, les opportunités de commerce de fourrure que Gray avaient commencé à explorer furent suivies par d'autres marchands de la Nouvelle-Angleterre Gray mourut en mer en 1806, au large de Charleston (Caroline du Sud), peut-être de fièvre jaune. Grays Harbor, la Gray River, affluent du Columbia, Gray Bay ainsi que plusieurs écoles en Oregon et dans l'État de Washington sont nommés d'après lui. (fr) Robert Gray (Tiverton, Rhode Island, 10 de mayo 1755 - ca. julio de 1806) fue un comerciante y capitán de barco estadounidense que es conocido por sus logros en dos viajes comerciales en la costa del Pacífico norte de Norteamérica, entre 1790 y 1793, que fueron pioneros en el comercio marítimo de pieles estadounidense en la región. En el curso de esos viajes, Gr	General Knowledge Quiz - By Zarbo84 The fictional character John Clayton is better known by what name? La Paz is the administrative capital of which South American country? Actor Charles Buchinsky was better known by what name? The medical condition ‘aphonia’ is the inability to do what? In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was the king of which Island? Who played the title role in the 1953 film ‘The Glenn Miller Story’? A third wedding anniversary is traditionally represented by which material? In the Bible, what sign did God give Noah that the earth would not be flooded again? In August 2011 NASA announced that photographic evidence had been captured of possible liquid water of which planet in our solar system? The restored tomb of which dramatist was unveiled in Paris in November 2011, after being ruined by lipstick smears left by thousands of kisses? What was the name of the hurricane which hit the East Coast of America in August 2011? On 11th March 2011 a 9.1 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the east of which country? Convict George Joseph Smith was known as the ‘Brides in the ‘what’ murderer’? In the human body, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis is commonly known by what name? A peregrine is what type of bird? What is the name of the highly toxic protein obtained from the pressed seeds of the castor oil plant? Which British pop musician/actor was actress Sadie Frost’s first husband? British singer Gaynor Hopkins is better known by what name? Who played Ron Kovic in the 1989 film ‘Born on the Fourth of July’? Ben Gurion International Airport is in which country? Which basketball star is kidnapped by cartoon characters in the 1996 film ‘Space Jam’? In the tv series The A Team, what does B.A. stand for in the name B.A. Baracus? In medicine, metritis is the inflammation of which part of the body? In which year was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in the USA? In the human body, where is the atrium? The OK Corral is in which US town? In Greek mythology, Amphitrite, queen of the sea, was the wife of which god? Which British boxer bought one of the original ‘Only Fools and Horses’ Reliant Robins in 2004? Actor Roy Harold Scherer was better known by what name? Anna Gordy was the first wife of which late soul singer? Who played Heinrich Himmler in the 1976 film ‘The Eagle Has Landed’? Which is the fastest rotating planet in our solar system? Which country was invaded by Iraq in 1990? Cobalt, Cyan and Cerulean are shades of which colour? In 1936, Joseph Bowers was the first inmate to attempt an escape from which prison? In the 18th Century, the British Royal Navy ordered limes and lemons to be carried on board ships as a remedy for which disease? In which US state were the 1692 Witch Trials held? Question Who was the father of English monarch Edward VI? Vermicide is a substance used for killing which creatures? Miss Gatsby and Miss Tibbs were two elderly residents in which UK tv sitcom? Who was US actor Mickey Rooney’s first wife? The resort town of Sliema is on which Mediterranean island? In the Bible, what is the Decalogue more commonly known as? In Greek mythology, Hypnos was the god of what? Which real-life couple starred in the 1994 remake of the film ‘The Getaway’? American 1940′s murder victim Elizabeth Short was known by what posthumous nickname? British monarch Henry VIII married which of his wives in 1540? In February 1983 which US writer choked to death on the cap from a bottle of eye drops? Which US gangster was released from Alcatraz prison in November 1939? Who built the Roman wall which divided England and Scotland? In the human body, the hallux is more commonly known by what name? The liqueur Maraschino is flavoured with which fruit? Which famous US outlaw shot the cashier of a savings bank in Gallatin Missouri in 1869? Kathmandu is the capital of which country? TAP is the chief airline of which European country? In November 2002, which member of the British royal family was convicted and fined for violating the Dangerous Dogs Act? Tommy Lee plays which instrument in the band Motley Crue? The Wang River i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,849	In what French district do most of the best clarets come from?	French wines and wine regions of France South-west Alsace Situated on the lower eastern slopes of the Vosges mountains, in the Rhine valley between Strasbourg and Mulhouse, the Alsace vineyard is rather different from any other French wine growing area. Like the region of Alsace itself, the wine culture here is steeped in a Germanic tradition, producing mostly dry or fruity white wines, the most popular being Riesling, Sylvaner and the very fruity Gewurztraminer. The rules of Appellation contrôlée - and more recently of Appellation Protégée (AOP) are not applied in the same way in Alsace as in the rest of France. In Alsace, wines are produced under a simple "Alsace" appellation, after which the next most important element to be indicated, and the most visible word on the label, is the grape variety or "cépage", Sylvaner, Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Edelzwicker, Pinot or a few others. Smaller areas do not have their own appellations, though with many Alsace wines, the name of the village or vineyard from which it comes will also be indicated. See also Vendanges tardives. Lorraine, also in north east France, produces mostly Vin de pays white wines, in the Meuse and the Moselle. Price list outside a top-class wine merchant in the Bordeaux region. Note the price of a bottle of Petrus 1982.... at 6720 €. Not for ordinary mortals. Bordeaux Wine, and wine growing region. With Burgundy and Champagne, the Bordeaux region of Aquitaine is one of the three most famous French wine-producing regions. Historically, its fame is at least in part due to the fact that of these three big grape-growing areas, the Bordeaux vineyard is the only one with immediate access to the sea, an advantage that has enabled it to be France's major wine exporting region for many centuries. In 1152, when queen Eleanor of Aquitaine married the English king Henry II, the Aquitaine region became economically integrated into the Anglo-Norman world, the Bordeaux region becoming the main supplier of wine for England. This historic wine exporting tradition helped Bordeaux to develop far stronger commercial links in the ensuing centuries, firmly establishing Bordeaux wines, often referred to generically in English as "clarets", on the international market. The Bordeaux vineyard is centered round the port city of Bordeaux , along the estuary of the Gironde, and the rivers Garonne and Dordogne. It is a large vineyard, and the geo-specific appellation "Bordeaux" covers an area stretching some 100 km both north-south and east-west. While the appellation contrôlée covers wines of medium quality from all over this region, many if not most of the top quality clarets grown in the overall area benefit from more specific and distinctive area appellations, such as Médoc , Graves or Saint Emilion, and even more local appellations such as Pauillac, Graves and Saint-Estèphe. Unlike other French wine-growing areas, the Bordeaux area operates classifications of many of its top wines, notably those from the Médoc and Saint Emilion vineyards. The best estates in these areas have the right to sell wines designated as grand cru. Below the grand crus come other high quality wines designated as cru bourgeois. Tip: 2009 is said to be an exceptionally good vintage year. Médoc Among the Bordeaux vineyards, Médoc deserves a special mention. The Médoc, an area south of the Gironde estuary to the north west of Bordeaux, is the home of many of the most prestigious French wines. Among the famous appellations produced in this area are Saint Estèphe, Margaux, Saint Julien and Pauillac. It was in 1855 that the wine producers of the Medoc region classified their 61 best wines according to a league table of "grands crus", ranking from "Premier Cru" to "Cinquième Cru". These grands crus are generally reputed to be the greatest of all French wines, and naturally their prices generally reflect this status. Obviously, if you buy an estate bottled wine from a chateau with grand cru status, (and of course they are all estate bottled), you can be pretty sure of getting a top quality wine. But take care! E	Les Amis d'Escoffier Society of New York Auguste Escoffier King of Chefs 1846-1935 Auguste Escoffier, "The Chef of Kings and The King of Chefs," was born in the Riviera town of Villeneuve-Loubet, France, on October 28, 1846. His career in cookery began at the age of 12 when he entered into apprenticeship in his uncle's restaurant, in Nice. Escoffier went on to another apprenticeship at the age of 19, this time working in Paris. Escoffier was the first great chef who worked directly for the public throughout his entire career. Prior to this, the great French chefs were to be found in the kitchens of royalty and nobility, as was Carême, or at work in private clubs, like Alexis Soyer. Escoffier was never in private employ. From his apprenticeship in his uncle's restaurant in Nice to his collaborations with Cesar Ritz, which marked the height of his career, Escoffier's talents were in the service of cooking and his customers. Among those customers were kings, heads of state, and many stars of the London and Paris Opera. His career is legendary, in terms of the hotels in which he worked (among them the Savoy and Carlton of London), the contributions that he made to the aesthetics of gastronomy, and, perhaps most importantly, the revolutionary changes he made in upgrading the culinary arts. Before Escoffier's time, the Grande Cuisine was laden with excess — overly complicated recipes, ponderously extravagant dinners, sauces and garnishes that disguised main ingredients nearly beyond recognition. In accordance with his admonition, "above all, keep it simple," Escoffier developed a new gastronomic philosophy, a sense of finely honed and highly refined simplicity in dining, ideals that have been espoused by the finest chefs of the twentieth century. Escoffier's contributions to the culinary arts range far beyond those innovations that are immediately apparent to the eyes and palate of the connoisseur. He created the brigade system eliminating the chaotic, unpleasant atmosphere that once reigned in hotel and restaurant kitchens. Repulsed by the foul language and lack of concern for cleanliness all too common in nineteenth-century kitchens, Escoffier established sanitation standards and instilled in his subordinates a real respect for the wholesomeness of the food they served. He was one of the earliest chefs of note to have a sincere interest in preserving the nutritional value of the foods he prepared and served. Escoffier also had an expertise in food science and was a pioneer in food preservation and in developing sauces that could be bottled for the homemaker. Escoffier promoted the belief that food service professionals at all levels should be dedicated to improving their skills and general knowledge through education. He wrote numerous articles and books on cookery, the most famous of his works being Le Guide Culinaire and A Guide to Modern Cookery. On February 12th, 1935, a few days after the death of his wife, Escoffier died at his home, La Villa Fernand, 8 bis Avenue de la Costa, Monte Carlo, in his eighty-ninth year. He is buried in the family vault at Villeneuve-Loubet.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,850	Where would you find the Atacama Desert?	Atacama Desert @ National Geographic Magazine By Priit J. Vesilind Photographs by Joel Sartore Parts of Chile's Atacama Desert haven't seen a drop of rain since recordkeeping began. Somehow, more than a million people squeeze life from this parched land. Get a taste of what awaits you in print from this compelling excerpt. Stretching 600 miles (1,000 kilometers) from Peru's southern border into northern Chile, the Atacama Desert rises from a thin coastal shelf to the pampasvirtually lifeless plains that dip down to river gorges layered with mineral sediments from the Andes. The pampas bevel up to the altiplano, the foothills of the Andes, where alluvial salt pans give way to lofty white-capped volcanoes that march along the continental divide, reaching 20,000 feet (6,000 meters). At its center, a place climatologists call absolute desert, the Atacama is known as the driest place on Earth. There are sterile, intimidating stretches where rain has never been recorded, at least as long as humans have measured it. You won't see a blade of grass or cactus stump, not a lizard, not a gnat. But you will see the remains of most everything left behind. The desert may be a heartless killer, but it's a sympathetic conservator. Without moisture, nothing rots. Everything turns into artifacts. Even little children. It is a shock then to learn that more than a million people live in the Atacama today. They crowd into coastal cities, mining compounds, fishing villages, and oasis towns. International teams of astronomersperched in observatories on the Atacama's coastal rangeprobe the cosmos through perfectly clear skies. Determined farmers in the far north grow olives, tomatoes, and cucumbers with drip-irrigation systems, culling scarce water from aquifers. In the altiplano, the descendants of the region's pre-Columbian natives (mostly Aymara and Atacama Indians) herd llamas and alpacas and grow crops with water from snowmelt streams. Get the whole story in the pages of National Geographic magazine. Rescued from the cutting room floor is this month's Final Edit, an image of a baby viscacha stretching from tail to toes. In More to Explore the National Geographic magazine team shares some of its best sources and other information. Special thanks to the Research Division. Along much of the coast of northern Chile, rainfall is so scarce that remote communities long had to import water by truckan expensive and inefficient processin order to survive. Finally, however, some coastal residents discovered how to make use of the one form of precipitation they get plenty of: fog. Although rain rarely falls on the Atacama's coastline, a dense fog known as camanchaca is abundant. The fog nourishes plant communities called lomas, isolated islands of vegetation that can contain a wide variety of species, from cactuses to ferns. In the village of Chungungo, human residents now take advantage of the same camanchaca that their botanical neighbors have so successfully exploited. Thanks to Canada's International Development Research Centre and the Canadian Embassy in Santiago, a decade ago the villagers began to gather water using an ingenious system of nets that catch the fog as it rolls over the mountains above their homes. Constructed from a very fine mesh, the nets hang vertically above a series of troughs. As the fog condenses on the nets' surfaces, moisture drips into troughs; pipes then carry the water down to the village. Residents of Chungungo can now take pride in their gardens; they can shower daily. The fog-catchers supply the village with an average of 2,600 gallons (10,000 liters) of water every day. The success of the Chilean fog-catchers has inspired people in countries such as Peru, Ecuador, South Africa, and Namibia to develop similar systems for their arid-land homes. For more information on the innovative art of fog-catching, go to www.idrc.ca/nayudamma/fogcatc_72e.html . Robin A. Palmer www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/atacama In April 2003 an international team of scientistsmostly from NASA and Carnegie Mellon Universitytraveled to the Atacama	GEO 373 EXAM 1 - Geography 373 with Meyer at Central Michigan University - StudyBlue Good to have you back! If you've signed in to StudyBlue with Facebook in the past, please do that again. GEO 373 EXAM 1 Mercosur Argentina, Uruaguay, and Paraguay's enconomies are linked with Brazil in a common market agreement Founded in 1991 by the Treaty of Asunción, which was later amended and updated by the 1994 Treaty of Ouro Preto. Its purpose is to promote free trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency. Farc Established in 1964 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party, the FARC is Colombia's oldest, largest, most capable, and best-equipped Marxist insurgency. The FARC is organized along military lines and includes several urban fronts Advertisement ) Shining Path is a Maoist insurgent guerrilla organization in Peru. The group never refers to itself their name, prefers to be called the "Communist Party of Peru" or "PCP-SL" in short The Shining Path believed that by imposing a dictatorship of the proletariat, inducing cultural revolution, and eventually sparking world revolution, they could arrive at pure communism. Quechua is the name of a people of the central Andes of South America and their languages also is a natural region of Peru HDI The index reflects health, education, and income levels it is calculated annually so placement varies in time Marie Price and Catherine Cooper They used four basic principles to explain the major world regions the countries of region are contiguous, close together, and touch upon eachothere the region occupies all, or part of, a continent the region embraces geopolitical aspirations the region has human relatedness, i.e. share cultural traits Maquiladoras manufacturing or export assembly plants ISI was abandoned in the late 20th century and placed by nonliberal programs emphasizing export led development led a failed military in 1992 authoritarian Populist attempted to fund promises to the poor with expropriations and other measures which deter foreign investment in oil and gas production FTAA Free trade Areas of the Americas ALBA Bolivarian Alternative for the Americans Caudillos Revolutions that introduced long periods of instability followed by the rule of strong men El Nino A periodic warm current which displaces the cold Peru current, from the west coast of South America has become more pronounced, reflecting a heat build up in Pacific, equatorial waters. Advertisement Tropic of Cancer also referred to as the Northern tropic, is the circle of latitude on the Earth that marks the most northerly position at which the Sun may appear directly overhead at its zenith. This event occurs once per year, at the time of the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent. 23 1/2 degrees north Tropic of Capricorn marks the most southerly latitude at which the Sun can appear directly overhead. This event occurs at the December solstice, when the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun to its maximum extent. 23 1/2 degrees south Chinamapas is a method of ancient Meso american agriculture which used small, rectangle-shaped areas offertile arable land to grow crops on the shallow lake beds in the Valley of Mexico. Mt. Pelee is an active volcano at the northern end of the island and in the Lesser Antilles island arc of the Caribbean. Its volcanic cone is composed of layers of volcanic ash and hardened lava. Great Escarpment separates the Atlantic coastal plain of Brazil from the Brazilian Highlands Saffir-Simpson Scale A hurricane scale is a 1-5 rating based on the hurricane's present intensity. This is used to give an estimate of the potential property damage and flooding expected along the coast from a hurricane landfall. Wind speed is the determining factor in the scale, as storm surge values are highly dependent on the slope of the continental shelf in the landfall region. Tectonic Plates is a massive, irregularly shaped slab of solid rock, generally composed of both continental and oceanic lithosphere. Plate size can vary	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,851	In January 2006, what space probe was sent to investigate Pluto?	Reaching for Pluto: NASA Launches Probe to Solar System's Edge Reaching for Pluto: NASA Launches Probe to Solar System's Edge By Tariq Malik, Space.com Managing Editor \| January 19, 2006 03:47pm ET MORE NASA's New Horizons spacecraft launches into space on a mission to the planet Pluto and beyond on Jan. 19, 2006. Credit: NASA. This story was updated at 5:09 p.m. EST. NASA's first probe bound for the planet Pluto and beyond rocketed toward the distant world Thursday after two days of delay due to weather. A Lockheed Martin-built Atlas 5 rocket flung the New Horizons spacecraft spaceward at 2:00 p.m. EST (1900), sending the probe speeding away from Earth at about 36,250 miles per hour (58,338 kilometers per hour)- the fastest ever for a NASA mission. The probe should pass the Moon at 11:00 EST (0400 Jan. 20 GMT) on a nine-year trek towards Pluto. "The United States has a spacecraft on its way to Pluto, the Kuiper Belt and on to the stars," said New Horizons principal investigator Alan Stern during a post-launch press conference. "I have July 14, 2015 emblazoned on my calendar." Initial reports indicate that the probe is in good health. Grounds stations received their first signals from New Horizons at about 2:50 p.m. EST (1950 GMT), which showed the spacecraft's radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) - which uses heat from decaying plutonium dioxide to generate power - is online and performing as expected, mission managers said. "The vehicle looks to be right where it needs to be," NASA launch manager Omar Baez, said just after liftoff. "It was Mother Nature that was holding us back earlier, but we got through it." Weather woes Indeed, nature was the bane of New Horizons' launch from the beginning. Flight controllers were forced to scrub an initial Jan. 17 launch attempt when winds proved too strong at the spacecraft's Complex 41 launch pad at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Cape Canaveral, Florida. One day later, severe storms in Maryland prevented a second launch attempt when they knocked out power at New Horizons' mission control center at Johns Hopkins University's Applied Physics Laboratory. The laboratory is managing the mission for NASA. Earlier today, thick cloud cover repeatedly forced flight controllers to push back New Horizons' planned liftoff from 1:08 p.m. EST (1808 GMT), until the weather eased to meet launch guidelines. "It was suspenseful, there was no question," Stern said of today's countdown, holding up a small stub of a pencil. "This has been our mascot for years, this little ground-down pencil...it represents perseverance." New Horizons mission managers took today's launch as an opportunity to honor Pluto's past. Riding aboard the NASA spacecraft are ashes of the late astronomer Clyde Tombaugh, who discovered the planet in 1930 at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. Tombaugh died in Jan. 17, 1997, nine years to the day of New Horizons first launch attempt this week. "I want to point out what a great honor it is to have Clyde's widow [and family] here with us," Stern said of Patsy Tombaugh, her daughter Annette and son-in-law. Jim Kennedy, NASA's Kennedy Space Center director, said earlier this week that a Florida quarter - bearing the image of a space shuttle - is also accompanying the probe to Pluto. Onward to Pluto The $700 million New Horizons mission began in earnest as the probe popped free from its third stage to begin the long, nine-year trek toward Pluto. The spacecraft should swing past Jupiter, grabbing a gravity boost in the process, in late February 2007, NASA officials said. "This mission is going to the far frontier of our solar system," said Richard Binzel, a science team co-investigator from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), before today's launch. "In some ways, our basic knowledge about Pluto could fit on a three-by-five inch note card." Pluto is the only member of the traditional nine-planet solar system not visited by a spacecraft, a statistic New Horizons hopes to change. The probe carries seven primary instruments to study Pluto, its moon Charon	Planetary Names: Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN) Planetary Names: Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers Home Named Mercurius by the Romans because it appears to move so swiftly. Discoverer Venus Roman name for the goddess of love. This planet was considered to be the brightest and most beautiful planet or star in the heavens. Other civilizations have named it for their god or goddess of love/war. Discoverer Earth The name Earth comes from the Indo-European base 'er,'which produced the Germanic noun 'ertho,' and ultimately German 'erde,' Dutch 'aarde,' Scandinavian 'jord,' and English 'earth.' Related forms include Greek 'eraze,' meaning 'on the ground,' and Welsh 'erw,' meaning 'a piece of land.' Earth I (Moon) Every civilization has had a name for the satellite of Earth that is known, in English, as the Moon. The Moon is known as Luna in Italian, Latin, and Spanish, as Lune in French, as Mond in German, and as Selene in Greek. Martian System The names of the moons of Mars and the English translations of the names were specifically proposed by their discoverer, Asaph Hall, and as such, they have been accepted and retained under the current IAU nomenclature. Body Discoverer Mars Named by the Romans for their god of war because of its red, bloodlike color. Other civilizations also named this planet from this attribute; for example, the Egyptians named it "Her Desher," meaning "the red one." Mars I (Phobos) Inner satellite of Mars. Named for one of the horses that drew Mars' chariot; also called an "attendant" or "son" of Mars, according to chapter 15, line 119 of Homer's "Iliad." This Greek word means "flight." August 17, 1877 A. Hall Mars II (Deimos) This outer Martian satellite was named for one of the horses that drew Mars' chariot; also called an "attendant" or "son" of Mars, according to chapter 15, line 119 of Homer's "Iliad." Deimos means "fear" in Greek. August 11, 1877 Selected Asteroids (of the Main Belt) and their Satellites Body Named for the Greek god of love. August 13, 1898 Named for a resort on the Crimean Peninsula. July 30, 1916 G. Neujmin (243) Ida Named for a nymph who raised the infant Zeus. Ida is also the name of a mountain on the island of Crete, the location of the cave where Zeus was reared. September 29, 1884 J. Palisa (243) Ida I (Dactyl) Named for a group of mythological beings who lived on Mount Ida, where the infant Zeus was hidden and raised (according to some accounts) by the nymph Ida. August 28, 1993 Galileo imaging and infrared science teams. (253) Mathilde The name was suggested by a staff member of the Paris Observatory who first computed an orbit for Mathilde. The name is thought to honor the wife of the vice director of the Paris Observatory at that time. November 12, 1885 J. Palisa (22) Kalliope I (Linus) Satellite of (22) Kalliope. In various accounts of Greek mythology, Linus is considered to be the son of the Muse Kalliope and the inventor of melody and rhythm. August 29 and September 2, 2001 Mauna Kea J.-L. Margot, M.E. Brown, W.J. Merline, F. Menard, L. Close, C. Dumas, C.R. Chapman, and D.C. Slater (45) Eugenia I (Petit-Prince) Satellite of (45) Eugenia. The Little Prince, Napolean-Eugene-Louis-Jean-Joseph Bonaparte (1856-1879), was the son of Eugenia de Montijo de Guzm\\'an and Napoleon III. November 1, 1998 Mauna Kea W.J. Merline, L. Close, C. Dumas, C.R. Chapman, F. Roddier, F. Menard, D.C. Slater, G. Duvert, C. Shelton, and T. Morgan Jovian System Satellites in the Jovian system are named for Zeus/Jupiter's lovers and descendants. Names of outer satellites with a prograde orbit generally end with the letter "a" (although an "o" ending has been reserved for some unusual cases), and names of satellites with a retrograde orbit end with an "e." Body Discoverer Jupiter The largest and most massive of the planets was named Zeus by the Greeks and Jupiter by the Romans; he was the most important deity in both pantheons. Jupiter I (Io) Io, the daughter	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,852	Which Sussex hill is the site of the Battle of Hastings?	Battle of Hastings? No, the Battle of Caldbec Hill: Real site of 1066 carnage was a mile away, claims historian \| Daily Mail Online Next Battle of Hastings? No, the Battle of Caldbec Hill: Real site of 1066 carnage was a mile away, claims historian Historian John Grehan claims that the famous 1066 conflict actually took place on Caldbec Hill and not Senlac Hill as originally thought No human remains or artefacts have ever been found at Senlac Hill in the village comments For a millennium, it has stood as a monument to one of the bloodiest struggles in England’s history. Hordes of tourists troop to Battle Abbey to stand at the spot where King Harold fell at the Battle of Hastings. Now, if the theories of a local historian are to be believed, they may be going to the wrong place. John Grehan claims the spot where the Battle of Hastings is commemorated is not actually where the fighting happened. According to Mr Grehan, the supposed site of the struggle, marked by Battle Abbey, is a mile away from the real scene of combat in 1066. Members of historical re-enactment groups, assuming the role of Saxon and Norman soldiers, perform the annual re-enactment of the Battle of Hastings at Battle Abbey Mr Grehan points out that no human remains or artefacts from the conflict have ever been found near Battle Abbey, even though some 10,000 men are believed to have died there. His theory is that the real site of the fighting was the steep Caldbec Hill, to the north-west of Hastings – and if he is proved right, history books around the world may have to be rewritten. RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share Thousands of tourists flock to Battle Abbey every year to learn about the conflict, which resulted in the death of King Harold and played a pivotal role in the Norman conquest of England by William the Conqueror. Now Mr Grehan, 61, is calling for the site at Caldbec Hill to be excavated to see whether the remains of battle victims are buried there. The Bayeux Tapestry, part of which is pictured, famously depicts the 1066 battle which saw King Harold supposedly shot through the eye with an arrow in what was a decisive victory for William the Conqueror He said: ‘I assumed everything was known about the Battle of Hastings but I found that almost nothing is known by way of fact. Excavations have been carried out at Battle Abbey and remnants pre-dating the battle were found, but nothing relating to the conquest. Some 10,000 men died at the Battle of Hastings; there has to be a mass grave somewhere.’ It is documented that King Harold assembled his English army on Caldbec Hill before advancing on Senlac Hill – or Battle Hill – a mile away to meet the invading Normans. Another section of the Bayeux Tapestry which depicts the Battle of Hastings. Historian John Grehan has claimed that the conflict may have actually taken place on Caldbec Hill and not at Battle Hill as historically thought But Mr Grehan believes Harold never left his defensive hilltop position and the Normans took the battle to the English. He has studied contemporaneous documents in the national archives and built up a dossier of circumstantial evidence that he believes proves his theory. Witness accounts from 1066 state the battle was fought on steep and unploughed terrain, consistent with Caldbec Hill. Senlac Hill, meanwhile, was cultivated and had gentle slopes. The Great Gatehouse at Battle Abbey, Battle, East Sussex. The Abbey stands close to the site where it had been thought that the Battle of Hastings took place In addition, the Normans erected a cairn of stones on the battle site to commemorate their victory, known as a ‘Mount-joie’ in French. The summit of Caldbec Hill is still known as Mountjoy. One English source from the time, John of Worcester, also stated that the battle was fought nine miles from Hastings, the same distance as Caldbec Hill. Harold is supposed to have abandoned his high position to meet William on lower ground, a tactic that makes no sense as he would have been moving away from his reinforcements. Furthermore, Mr Gre	Battle of Stamford Bridge: Saxon King Harold Godwinson Defeats Invading Norwegians \| The American Legion's BurnPit Battle of Stamford Bridge: Saxon King Harold Godwinson Defeats Invading Norwegians September 26th, 2013 by Siggurdsson "Battle of Stamford Bridge" by Peter Nicolai Arbo (1870), oil on canvas Currently in the Nordnorsk Kunstmuseum, Tromso, Norway [Note King Harald of Norway (center) taking an arrow to the throat] (Unless otherwise indicated, all illustrations are courtesy of Wikipedia) Today in Military History: September 25, 1066 [Today's post is an expansion on my very first Burn Pit contribution four years ago.] Any well-read student of history knows the year 1066; battle of Hastings, right? Well, three weeks before the events of October 14, another battle occurred that set the stage for the downfall of Anglo-Saxon rule of England. That fight marks the end of the Age of the Vikings. Background On January 4 or 5, 1066 English monarch Edward the Confessor died. He left no blood heir, and on his deathbed appeared to recognize Harold Godwinson, one of the most powerful nobles of the land, as his successor. Harold's father had had designs on the throne for many years, and probably influenced Edward's final decision. On January 6, the Witenagemot (an advisory council to the Saxon kings) recognized Harold as king, and he was crowned later that day. Within days, William Duke of Normandy (at that time known scathingly as "The Bastard") received word of the events in England; William, who had a claim to the Saxon throne, was not pleased. The Norman duke claimed that the late King Edward had offered him the throne, as he was a descendant of the Confessor's uncle, Richard II the former Duke of Normandy. According to certain chroniclers, Harold Godwinson had promised the English throne to William in 1064 or 1065. This claim, however, is quite dubious. [There is also a story that Harold swore to support William while unknowingly having his hand on a table with a cloth covering a number of religious relics.] Saxon King Harold Godwinson (reigned Jan. 6-October 14, 1066) As depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry Nonetheless, Duke William began his preparations. With an invasion looming, King Harold called out the fyrd, the Saxon militia, to guard the southern coast of England. However, the fyrd could only be kept on station for a few months, before their food supplies ran out. Also, the less-than-professional fighting men were needed back home to bring in the harvest. Finally, bad weather had delayed Duke William's invasion fleet. In early September, the fyrdmen were released from their military commitment to return to their homes. As a result, the only Saxon force left to oppose a likely Norman invasion was King Harold's housecarls, elite infantrymen capable of taking on any military unit in Europe. However, in early September another invasion fleet landed in Northumbria in northern England. This force was led by King Harald Sigurdsson of Norway, known by the nom de guerre of Hardrada (literally, the "Hard-Rider," or more simply "Ruthless"). Hardrada also had a claim to the English throne, and brought 300 longships full of soldiers to back it up. Harald Sigurdsson aka Hardrada, "Last of the Vikings" Harald Hardrada (pronounced whore-DROR-da) was born around 1015. He was a half-brother of Norwegian monarch Saint Olaf. It is likely Harald's first military experience took place in 1030, when he fought beside his brother Olaf, who was trying to reclaim the Norse throne. Olaf lost the battle of Stiklestad, also losing his life, and his half-brother Harald – aged 15 – was recognized by the sagas as a fine military commander. [For more information on Stiklestad, please consult my Burn Pit post from July of 2010, battle_of_stiklestad .] Young Harald escaped eastward to the lands of the Kievan Rus. Eventually, Hardrada made his way to Constantinople, where he enlisted in the Varangian Guard, the elite bodyguard of the Byzantine emperors. Harald fought in Asia Minor, Sicily, Bulgaria, and the Middle East. During his time in the Guard,	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,853	The West Highland Highway runs from Milngavie, just outside Glasgow, to which town in the Highlands?	West Highland Way - 8 Days & 7 Nights \| Macs Adventure West Highland Way - 8 Days & 7 Nights Quick Facts Duration: 8 Days & 7 Nights Availability: March - October Highlights Walking on the banks of Loch Lomond through the Loch Lomond and Trossachs National Park A visit to the world famous Drovers Inn at Inverarnan for a well deserved pint or even a wee dram Walking through a wonderful wilderness landscape across Rannoch Moor Meeting other walkers from all over the world Staying in the remote Kings House Hotel overlooking the famous mountain Buachaille Etive Mor Getting to Fort William with a real sense of achievement having passed through some of Scotland’s finest scenery The 8 day itinerary is our most popular and recommended for most parties. Discover the spectacular landscape of Scotland’s western highlands on the West Highland Way. Towering mountains, tranquil lochs and rushing rivers combine to reward you with a unique and ever changing landscape as you journey 98 miles from Milngavie (Glasgow) to Fort William. Best described as Scotland’s finest long distance walk the West Highland Way runs 96 miles (154 km) from Milngavie, just outside Glasgow, to Fort William. Opened in 1980 as the first official long distance footpath in Scotland the West Highland Way remains the best and most popular long distance walk in Scotland. After leaving Milngavie, the West Highland Way immediately has that wonderful countryside feeling as you pass through Mugdock Country Park and Dumgoyne Distillery, on route to the small village of Drymen. The route continues to Loch Lomond via Conic Hill, which gives a splendid panorama of Loch Lomond and the Highland Boundary Fault. Next you wander through the Loch Lomond and Trossachs National Park to Crianlarich and then Tyndrum. Bridge of Orchy, Inveroran and Loch Tulla punctuate the trail on the way to the Kingshouse Hotel which lies on the remote Rannoch Moor. This really is Scottish Highland Scenery at its best. Your walk continues onto Kinlochleven via the “Devil’s Staircase”, before finally reaching Ben Nevis and Fort William, Scotland’s Outdoor Capital situated at the head of Loch Linnhe. Every self guided West Highland Way holiday we offer features hand-picked overnight accommodation in high quality B&B’s, country inns, and guesthouses. Each is unique and offers the highest levels of welcome, atmosphere and outstanding local cuisine. We also include daily door to door baggage transfers, a guidebook, a detailed map and pre-departure information pack as well as emergency support, should you need it. Macs Adventure has been operating self guided walking holidays on the West Highland Way since 2003. Based locally, just a few miles from the start of the West Highland Way, our team has walked the West Highland Way more than ten times. So we literally know every step of the way. Each year over 1000 people trust us to organise their West Highland Way walk and 99% would recommend us to a friend. But don’t just take our word for it, you can read over 300 authentic and unbiased West Highland Way customer reviews below. As the largest operator on the West Highland Way we can secure you the best value and quality accommodation, baggage transfer and services, regardless of whether you are walking solo or as a group of 20. We are passionate about delivering outstanding West Highland Way holidays where every last detail is taken care of and every trip we book is unique and tailor-made to your requirements. So give us a shout today to start planning your West Highland Way adventure.	Liz McColgan Liz McColgan 24 May 1964 Athlete Elizabeth ("Liz") McColgan (née Lynch) MBE is a Scottish former middle-distance and long-distance track and road-running athlete. Born Elizabeth Lynch, she grew up in the Whitfield area of Dundee and was a pupil of St Saviour's RC High School. She joined her local athletics club, the Hawkhill Harriers, at age 12 at the advice of her PE teacher Phil Cairns. Coached by Harry Bennett, she soon discovered a talent for distance running and won her first UK titles at the age of 18. Following Bennett's death, McColgan self-coached herself in preparation for the Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh in 1986. At the 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, McColgan took the gold medal in the 10,000 metres, finishing nearly 12 seconds ahead of the nearest competitor and giving the host country its only gold medal in Athletics. This was followed by a silver medal at the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. McColgan was the 1986 NCAA National Champion in the mile run representing the Alabama Crimson Tide in the American collegiate Indoor Track and Field national Championships and was the school's record-holder for the mile run. McColgan won silver in the 3,000 metres at the World Indoor Championships in 1989. She became the only Scot to successfully defended a Commonwealth title at the 1990 games in Auckland, New Zealand, when she took the gold for the 10,000 metres again, as well as taking bronze at the 3,000 metres. In August 1991, she won gold in the 10,000 metres at the World Championships in Tokyo, Japan. In November of that year at the New York City Marathon, her first marathon, she won with a time of 2:27.23, beating the record for a debut marathon by three minutes. In 1992, she won the inaugural World Half Marathon Championships, where she also helped the British team claim the silver medal in the team competition. Later that year, she won the Tokyo International Women's Marathon. In 1996, she won theLondon Marathon with a time of 2 hours, 27 minutes and 54 seconds. McColgan retired from competing in August 2001 when she fractured a bone in her foot while training for selection for the 2002 Commonwealth Games. However she returned in 2004 to win the Scottish Indoor Championships 3000 metres (in 9:31). In 2007, she ran the London Marathon, finishing 25th in 2:50:38. She also completed the 2010 New York Marathon in 3:10:54. In 1987 she married Northern Irish athlete Peter McColgan; they have five children. The eldest, Eilish, won the 2004 British cross country championships in her age-group, was ranked top in Scotland over 800 metres and 1500 metres in her age-group and competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics in the 3000 metres steeplechase. The couple separated in November 2010. On 18 January 2014, McColgan was married to John Nuttall. In December 1991, McColgan appeared on This Is Your Life and was voted BBC Sports Personality of the Year. She was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1992 and inducted to the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame in 2004. To make your own nomination download the nomination form here	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,854	Who uses a petri dish?	Science Laboratory Petri Dishes and their Uses Home Science Laboratory Petri Dishes and their Uses The Petri dish was named after its inventor, Julius Richard Petri, who was a very famous bacteriologist. Although the Petri dish was originally made out of glass so that it could be reused for experiments after sterilization, these days there are plastic petri dishes also presented as disposable Petri dishes. The latest development in petri dishes is 3D Petri dishes and Petri dishes that have metal rings beneath them. The Petri dishes with metal rings allow for the Petri dishes to be stored away, one on top of the other without them slipping and falling off. Petri dishes are very vital piece of laboratory equipment and have been very widely used. They are indispensible parts of any scientific breakthrough experiment. For years they have been used across the world by all important scientists and have been part of all the important biological experiments. While ordering for vital lab supplies, a Petri dish would be critical because of its wide usage. Petri dishes are usually used to culture cells in it. These are round and shallow in shape and are made out of glass. Petri dishes are flat bottomed. When cell culture is done in these Petri dishes, a culture medium is used. This culture medium is known as agar. Agar is a gel like material which is made out of red algae and different types of nutrients.	Rio Rio You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 3 to 24 are not shown in this preview. This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue? CANCEL We've moved you to where you read on your other device. Get the full title to continue Get the full title to continue reading from where you left off, or restart the preview. Restart preview	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,855	Global warming be damned. The 19th century biologist Louis Agassiz who studied Alpine glaciers was the first to propose that the Earth had been subject what phenomena in the past?	Global Warming and the Age of the Earth: a Lesson on the Nature of Scientific Knowledge \| Watts Up With That? Watts Up With That? The world's most viewed site on global warming and climate change Menu In the wake of Karl et al. 2015, which revises data to match a consensus, we can all take a lesson from how scientific consensus has operated in the past Guest essay by Dr. David Deming The world stands on the verge of committing itself to limits on the emission of carbon dioxide that would drastically reduce the use of fossil fuels. If this fateful decision is made, the economies of developed nations will be strangled. Human prosperity will be reduced. Our ability to solve pressing problems, both human and environmental, will be severely limited. We have been told that these shackles must be imposed to forestall a hypothetical global warming projected to occur some time in the distant future. But to date the only unambiguous evidence for planetary warming is a modest rise in temperature (less than one degree Celsius) that falls well within the range of natural variation. The validity of warming predictions depends upon the questionable reliability of computer models of the climate system. But Earth’s climate system is complex and poorly understood. And the integrity of the computer models cannot be demonstrated or even tested. To anyone with an awareness of the nature and limitations of scientific knowledge, it must appear that the human race is repeating a foolish mistake from the past. We have been down this road before, most notably in the latter half of the nineteenth century when it appeared that mathematics and physics had conclusively answered the question of the Earth’s age. At that time, a science that had been definitely “settled” fell apart in the space of a few years. The mathematical models that appeared to be so certain proved to be completely, even ridiculously wrong. The age of the Earth is one of the great questions that has puzzled people for thousands of years. In Meteorologica, Aristotle (384-322 BC) asserted that the world was eternal. But with the advent of Christianity and Islam, scholars began to assume that humanity was coeval with the Creation of the world. It followed that the age of the Earth could be estimated from a careful examination of sacred writings. The first person to make a quantitative estimate of the Earth’s age was the Islamic scientist al-Biruni (c. 973-1050). al-Biruni based his chronology on the Hindu, Jewish, and Christian religious scriptures. He divided the history of the world into eras, and concluded that it had been less than ten thousand years since the Creation. Working in the tradition begun by al-Biruni, Bishop James Ussher (1581-1686) estimated the age of the Earth by meticulously studying the Bible and other historical documents. In The Annals of the World Deduced from the Origin of Time, Ussher pinpointed the date of Creation as the “night preceding the 23rd of October, 4004 BC.” Ussher’s scholarship was impressive, and his dates were accepted as the standard chronology. Bible editors began to place Ussher’s dates in the margins of their texts. Isaac Newton (1642-1727), the greatest scientist of the age, was also a Biblical fundamentalist who believed in a young Earth. Newton explained to his nephew, John Conduitt, that the Earth could not be old because all human technology was of recent invention. Like Ussher, Newton wrote his own universal history, Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended, that was published posthumously in 1728. The procedures for establishing a scientific estimate of the age of the Earth were laid out in the seventeenth century by the Danish anatomist, Nicolaus Steno (1638-1686). Steno was the first person to state unequivocally that the history of the Earth was not to be found in human chronicles, but in the Earth itself. Steno’s principles of geologic investigation became the basis for establishing the relative age of rock sequences and the foundation of historical geology. Armed with Steno’s principles, eighteenth century naturalists began to s	National Geographic Magazine - NGM.com “Forward, drifting right,” Aldrin said. And then, with less than 20 seconds left, came the magic words: “Contact light!” The spacecraft probes had touched the surface. A second or two later Aldrin announced, “O.K., engine stop.” Still later, the now-famous words from Neil Armstrong: “Tranquillity Base here. The Eagle has landed.” And, with joy in his voice, CapCom replied: “Roger, Tranquillity, we copy you on the ground. You got a bunch of guys about to turn blue. We’re breathing again. Thanks a lot.” It was 4:17:43 p.m., Eastern Daylight Time, Sunday, July 20, 1969. Feat Watched by the World Man’s dream of going to the moon was fulfilled. The most exciting adventure in human memory now neared its climax as the two men prepared to step out on the lunar surface, while their fellow crew member, Mike Collins, kept vigil in his orbiting command module, Columbia, 70 miles above. To me, it is impossible to compare this exploit with the epic feats of the great 15th- and 16th-century navigators, of the 20th-century polar explorers, or of Lindbergh in 1927. The differences are too profound, and one of the most important of those differences is that the whole world was watching. According to estimates, one out of every four persons on the face of the earth watched or heard the astronauts by television or radio as they ventured to the moon. Nearly 850 foreign journalists, representing 55 countries and speaking 33 languages, reported the story from Cape Kennedy and Houston. Americans abroad were thrilled by the impact of the flight on foreign peoples. Dr. Louis B. Wright, former Director of the Folger Shakespeare Library and a National Geographic Society Trustee, observed the effect firsthand in Italy. With 25,000 other people he was attending a performance of Aida in the Roman Arena at Verona on that Sunday night. “At the first intermission,” Dr. Wright recalls, “an announcement was made in four languages: ‘The Americans have just landed on the moon at 10:17.’ My watch said 10:28. “The crowd applauded wildly. Here and there spectators pulled little United States flags from their pockets and waved them. And for days afterward, when Italians met me on the street, they all had one word for the flight—‘Fantastico!’” And so it was—with different inflections—in Buenos Aires and Sydney, Tokyo and Delhi, Dublin, and Madrid. The thrill of a race had added to the excitement. Since 1961, when President John F. Kennedy had announced the goal “before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth,” many people had firmly believed that the Soviet Union was racing to put a Russian on the moon first. In the past year or so, Soviet chances had seemed to dim, but as Apollo 11 approached the moon, the news that Luna 15 was already in lunar orbit lent color to the suspicion that the Soviets hoped to land an unmanned craft, scoop up some lunar soil, and rush back to earth before the American moon samples could get home. Only when Luna 15 crashed in Mare Crisium—the Sea of Crises—some 500 miles from Tranquillity Base, was the way clear for the U. S. triumph. That triumph was an especially heady one for those who argued the advantages of manned space flight. Without a man at the controls, they pointed out, Eagle would almost certainly have crashed into an unforgiving field of boulders. The full story became known only after the astronauts returned to earth. When Neil Armstrong first spotted the landing site through the grid on his window, he did not really know where he was. Actually the crater toward which he was heading—later identified as "West Crater" (an unofficial name) was just within the southwest edge of the planned landing ellipse, a bull’s-eye 7.4 miles long and 3.2 miles wide. But most of the landmarks the astronauts had memorized so carefully before the flight were several miles behind them, and were of no help now. Armstrong had no doubts, however, about what to do; he had faced problems like this many times before in the simulators. Taking over partial control	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,856	What was the name given to a controversy about vivisection in England from 1903 to 1910 that involved the infiltration of University of London medical lectures by Swedish women activists, street battles between medical students and suffragettes, trade unionists and the police, police protection for the statue of a dog in Battersea Park, its removal by the authorities in 1910 (and its replacement in 1985), a libel trial and the establishment of a Royal Commission?	Milestones \| Page 95 \| CruxForums The On-Line Communities CruxForums The On-Line Communities Sign up or login, and you'll have full access to opportunities of forum. Milestones I won't have a birthday, world ends Dec 21st, My birthday the 22d ....bummer huh? I won't get old though.......... Netherlands December 9 is the anniversary of "Pennsylvania's Roswell," an alleged UFO crash. It is also when a legendary general suffered a fatal car accident; and when another legendary general enjoyed one of his greatest triumphs. Even though they were born centuries apart, one of them believed they could have been comrades-in-arms. 480. Odoacer, first Germanic king of Italy, occupies Dalmatia and establishes his political power with the co-operation of the Roman Senate. Flavius Odoacer was a barbarian soldier, who after 476 became the first barbarian King of Italy. His reign is commonly seen as marking the end of the Western Roman Empire. Though the real power in Italy was in his hands, he represented himself as the client of Julius Nepos and, after Nepos' death in 480, of the Emperor in Constantinople. Odoacer generally used the Roman honorific patrician, granted by the Emperor Zeno, but is referred to as a king ( Latin rex) in many documents. 536. Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison leaves peacefully, returning the old capital to its empire. Flavius Belisarius was one of the greatest generals of the Byzantine Empire and one of the most acclaimed generals in history. He was instrumental to Emperor Justinian I's ambitious project of reconquering much of the Western Roman Empire, which had been lost about a hundred years earlier. Although less well-known than other famed military leaders such as Julius Caesar or Alexander the Great, his skills and accomplishments were matched by few, if any, other military commanders. 730. At the Battle of Marj Ardabil: the Khazars annihilate an Umayyad army and kill its commander, al-Djarrah ibn Abdullah. The Khazars were semi-nomadic Turkic people who established one of the largest polities of medieval Eurasia, with the capital of Atil and territory comprising much of modern-day European Russia, western Kazakhstan, eastern Ukraine, Azerbaijan, large portions of the northern Caucasus (Circassia, Dagestan), parts of Georgia, the Crimea, and northeastern Turkey. After fighting the Arabs to a standstill in the North Caucasus, Khazars became increasingly interested in replacing their Tengri shamanism with a state religion that would give them equal religious standing with their Abrahamic neighbors. During the 8th century, the Khazar royalty and much of the aristocracy converted to Judaism. Khazar kings tolerated those who had different religions letting Greek Christians, pagan Slavs, and Muslim Iranians live in their domains. In the capital city, a supreme court was established composed of 7 members, and every religion was represented on this judicial panel. Khazars were judged according to the Torah, while the other tribes were judged according to their own laws. 1531. Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin reportedly witnesses the first apparition of the Virgin Mary on Tepeyac Hill in Mexico, remembered as "Our Lady of Guadalupe." 1608. Poet John Milton is born in London. Milton was a poet, polemicist, a scholarly man of letters, and a civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost. The poem concerns the Biblical story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Satan is the first major character introduced in the poem. Formerly the most beautiful of all angels in Heaven, he's a tragic figure best described by the now-famous quote "Better to reign in Hell than to serve in Heaven". He is introduced to Hell after he leads a failed rebellion to wrestle control of Heaven from God. Paradise Lost is widely considered one of the greatest literary works in the English langu	The University of London and Women Students The University of London and Women Students Jacqueline Banerjee , Ph.D, Contributing Editor, Victorian Web [ Victorian Web Home —> Social History —> Education —> University of London ] The University has a very good record here. Women students could attend classes at Birkbeck from 1830, and in 1832 two brave souls signed up for some lectures on electricity at London University — as University College was then known (Harte, The Admission of Women 5). The date from which women were really welcomed at University College is sometimes given as 1848 (e.g. Ackroyd 512), but their presence is not actually recorded until over a hundred schoolmistresses and the like attended lectures on animal physiology in 1861-2. The true breakthrough here came in the later '60s through the efforts of Henry Morley, a lecturer in English who came over from King's in 1865, because his Unitarian beliefs prevented him from becoming a Professor at that still strongly Anglican establishment. Morley conducted a concerted campaign to get women admitted to his new place of work on a regular basis. He was the right man at the right time, for this was a period when the tide was obviously turning. The Slade School of Fine Art opened in 1871, with both men and women attending most of the classes; and the London School of Medicine for Women was set up in 1874. To trace the process at University College briefly: a decision to offer "Tuesday Evening Lectures" in the college "adapted to a general audience, including ladies" (Harte, The Admission of Women 8) was followed by the gradual integration of a "Ladies' Educational Association" with regular college classes, and mixed classes were at last established in October 1878. Meanwhile, King's had already been contributing very usefully to the provision of higher education for women, largely through the efforts and inspiration of F.D. Maurice , Professor of English Literature and History there since 1840, and Professor of Theology from 1846-1853. Along with other members of staff at King's, he had founded Queen's College in Harley Street, mainly for the education of future governesses, in 1846. Amongst its early pupils were those two future girls' school principals, the pioneering and redoubtable Miss Buss and Miss Beale. From the start, the Anglican Queen's College was open to girls and women from the age of twelve, and it was destined to become what it is now — a very fine public school for girls. King's people also actively supported the non-denominational Bedford College, a new establishment for women in Bedford Square, founded by the social reformer Elizabeth Jesser Reid in 1849. Dickens sent one of his daughters for art lessons there. This too took younger pupils, but it developed differently from Queen's College, becoming a fully-fledged women's college in 1900. Later (in 1985) it would merge with another women's establishment, Royal Holloway College , to make one of the major constituent colleges of today's university. In the early years, many King's Professors taught at both Queen's College and Bedford College in their spare time; a number of University College Professors also taught at Bedford College. At last, in 1878, not only could women students take their places alongside men at University College, but the battle for women's rights within the university as a whole was finally won: its examinations were opened to women. However long the process may seem, the University of London was still the first in the country to grant degrees to women, and when these bluestockinged trailblazers actually appeared in the Convocation of 1882, Punch celebrated with a verse entitled "Girl Graduates." The concluding stanza provides a fitting memento of the occasion: Thus Woman wins. Haul down your flag, Oh, stern misogynist, before her. However much a man may brag Of independence, he'll adore her. Traditions of the bygone days Are cast aside, old rules are undone; In Convocation Woman sways The University of London. [qtd in Harte, The Univers	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,857	Which British X-Factor judge released a 2012 single entitled ‘Young’?	X Factor: latest news, contestants & results - Telegraph X Factor: latest news, contestants & results Congratulations Ben! The latest news, contestants and results from X Factor 2014 Ben Haenow singing his winner's single 'Something I Need' Photo: Dymond/Corbis/Syco/Thames By Nicole Vassell LATEST NEWS And the winner is... BEN HAENOW! The white van driver from Croydon, south London has done it. Securing a massive 57% of the final vote, Ben became the 11th winner of The X Factor on Sunday night. Understandably, he was over the moon: &lt;noframe&gt;Twitter: Ben Haenow - Cannot explain how amazing this feels and how grateful I am to everyone who voted! Happiest man alive right now Xx &lt;a href="http://t.co/aeWgZeRcVl" target="_blank"&gt;http://t.co/aeWgZeRcVl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/noframe&gt; Though Fleur East had been the bookies' favourite, it looks as if the gravelly-voiced rocker had the competition wrapped up from pretty early on - the voting breakdown revealed that, since Week 4, he'd steadily been receiving the most votes from the viewing public. Related Articles • X Factor 2015: everything you need to know Ratings In terms of ratings, the numbers were disappointing : an average of 8.4 million tuned in on Saturday night (14.1 million people tuned in to watch Matt Cardle win in 2010). Mel B A mystery illness forced Mel B to miss part one of the final on Saturday. Former judge Tulisa Contostavlos filled in for the Spice Girl and provided a comforting shoulder for Andrea Faustini as he was announced as the 3rd place contestant. Part two of the final on Sunday night welcomed Mel B back to the panel, but things took a dramatic turn after viewers noticed that she was no longer wearing her wedding ring, as well as some claiming to see scratches on her body and a bruise on her cheek . Her husband, film producer Stephen Belafonte has spoken out and denies hitting her, deeming the reports "disgusting and "untrue": &lt;noframe&gt;Twitter: Stephen Belafonte - Idon't usually respond to Twitter msgs but I will respond to comments of hitting my wife which I think are quite disgusting un true!&lt;/noframe&gt; • When does X Factor 2015 start? Sister kissers Remember Blonde Electra? The wacky duo who got eliminated (with less than 1% of the vote) in week one? Well, we saw them once more in Sunday's final in a group performance that featured all of this year's live show finalists. While on screen, they took a moment to share a passionate kiss. Blonde Electra (PHOTO: ITV) Oh yes - did I forget to mention that they're sisters? Either there was something funny in the air, or someone was looking for an extra 15 minutes of fame. 14.12.14 12.12.14 - The final song choices revealed The final three (l-r): Fleur East, Ben Haenow and Andrea Faustini (PHOTO: Dymond/Corbis/Syco/Thames) It's final time! There are only 48(ish) hours left until the winner of X Factor 2014 is crowned, and the last three standing are a pretty strong bunch. Right now, Fleur East is the favourite (and rightly so), but it's still possible that rocker Ben Haenow and belter Andrea Faustini could emerge victorious, making the song choices all the more important. Each finalist will sing a song of their choice, followed by their song of the series. However, one act will be eliminated at the end of Saturday's show, meaning only two will get to perform the winner's single on Sunday. Here's the list in full: Andrea Faustini Final choice: Feeling Good (originally by Nina Simone) Song of the series: Earth Song (originally by Michael Jackson) Winner's Single: I Didn’t Know My Own Strength (originally by Whitney Houston) ** Andrea's winner's single is a song we've heard before - remember when he reduced Cheryl and Mel B to teary puddles at boot camp? How very strange...plus, each of the original singers of his chosen tunes are sadly looking down from the diva stage in the sky. Either the producers have got some very special tricks up their sleeves, or his mystery guest collaborator will be someone quite random. Fleur East Final choice: Can’	No collision as X Factor winner takes Christmas no 1 spot \| Music \| The Guardian UK charts No collision as X Factor winner takes Christmas no 1 spot Pole position for Matt Cardle – with 439,000 copies of When We Collide sold in six days – brings windfall for indie band ‘It’s nuts, crackers and crazy,’ said Matt Cardle of his success, while apologising to Biffy Clyro fans for ‘ruining’ their song. Photograph: EMPICS Entertainment Helen Pidd and John Plunkett Sunday 19 December 2010 15.07 EST Close This article is 6 years old Last year he was denied the Christmas number one after half a million detractors conspired to propel a 17-year-old punk song to the top of the charts instead of the winner of his TV talent show. But this year Simon Cowell was back in pole position after Matt Cardle, the guitar strumming X Factor victor, won the coveted festive top spot. Cardle sold 439,000 copies of When We Collide in the six days following his triumph on the ITV talent show last Sunday, the Official Charts Company said. This represented a record weekly total for a non-charity release this year and gave Cardle a lead of more than 300,000 over Rihanna and Drake's What's My Name, which finished in second place. Last year's X Factor winner Joe McElderry, famously beaten to the number one spot by Rage Against The Machine, sold around 500,000 copies of his single The Climb in the runup to Christmas , and another 200,000 the following week. If Cardle has a similar post-festive run this year, he will remain in a top five currently headed by Love The Way You Lie, by Eminem featuring Rihanna. Though Cowell will be feeling smug as he suns himself in Barbados, the real winners of this year's festive chart race are arguably a middle-ranking Scottish indie band who found themselves taking up two positions in the top 10. Biffy Clyro , a three-piece from Kilmarnock, wrote When We Collide – though they originally called it Many Of Horror. When their fans discovered Cardle was releasing the track under a different name, they started a campaign to get the original to no 1. Though they were no match for X Factor's pulling power, they managed to get the original to no 8 today after buying 40,000 copies. Cardle, who has apologised to Biffy Clyro fans if they felt he had "ruined" the song, said last night he planned to celebrate with "one or two beers". He said: "I can't believe it. As if winning wasn't enough. I honestly didn't think I'd even make it on to the live shows, let alone win and be the Christmas number one. "I can't even begin to describe how if feels. It's nuts, crackers and crazy. To think that many people have supported me and bought the record is absolutely mind-blowing." The third-placed single in this year's Christmas rundown was another anti-X Factor protest song, Surfin' Bird by The Trashmen (originally released in 1963), which sold just under 70,000 copies. That record became the highest ranking of all of this year's Facebook-led campaigns. Another high-profile Christmas Facebook campaign was Cage Against The Machine's 4'33', the silent cover of John Cage's avant garde classic, which finished 21st with just under 16,000 sales. In the albums chart, Take That's Progress held on to the top spot after selling 330,000 copies last week, bringing its total to 1.440m in just five weeks.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,858	Crown and Anchor, a gambling game traditionally played by sailors, is played using what equipment?	crown and anchor \| dice game \| Britannica.com Crown and anchor craps Crown and anchor, dice gambling game of English origin, dating back to the early 18th century and popular among British sailors and to some extent among Australian and American servicemen. Three six-sided dice—each having the symbols crown, anchor, spade, heart, diamond, and club—are used along with a layout (a board or a cloth) containing those symbols. The players place their bets on the layout symbols, after which the banker throws the dice from a cup. The payoffs are usually 1 to 1 on singles, 2 to 1 on pairs, and 3 to 1 on triples; for example, if a player bets on the crown and two crowns are rolled, the player receives two dollars for each dollar bet. The game is closely related to chuck-a-luck and has the same house edge (mathematical advantage) of 7.5 percent. Learn More in these related articles: chuck-a-luck dice game of medieval origin that is related to grand hazard. It is played with three dice and a layout numbered from one to six upon which the players place their bets. The banker then rolls the dice by turning over an hourglass-shaped wire cage in which they are contained. The payoffs are usually... Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Article Title: crown and anchor Website Name: Encyclopædia Britannica Date Published: August 25, 2006 URL: https://www.britannica.com/topic/crown-and-anchor Access Date: January 15, 2017 Share	'Hear The Boat Sing': July 2011 'Hear The Boat Sing' This blog covers all aspects of the rich history of rowing, as a sport, culture phenomena, a life style, and a necessary element to keep your wit and stay sane. Photograph: Werner Schmidt 2011 Thomas Keller Medal Goes To Jüri Jaanson On 10 July, Jüri Jaanson (left) was awarded the Thomas Keller Medal from the hands of Dominik Keller, son of the late Thomas Keller. (Photo FISA) Earlier in July, the Thomas Keller Medal committee announced that the 2011 Thomas Keller Medal, rowing’s highest distinction, was awarded to Estonian rower Jüri Jaanson. The 18-carat gold medal was awarded on Sunday, 10 July at the Samsung World Rowing Cup in Lucerne, Switzerland. Dominik Keller, son of the late Thomas Keller, FISA’s former President, was as usual handing out the award. In the July issue of the FISA Newsletter, it says, “Throughout his long career Jaanson took part in no less than six Olympic Games. He holds five World Championship medals, including one gold from 1990 in Lake Barrington, Australia and a silver which he won when racing in Finland in 1995. Driven by his urge to win an Olympic medal, Jaanson had to keep rowing until 2004 before reaching the Olympic podium, taking silver first in Athens in the single scull and four years later, in Beijing in 2008 in the men’s double sculls. It was probably this ambition to be on an Olympic podium which helped him persevere despite the many challenges he had to overcome. He suffers from severe hearing impairment. He also had to overcome the challenges of rowing first under the Soviet system and then the transition to a totally new system following the collapse of the USSR. The resulting loss in funding was only another difficulty which made his perseverance and achievements even more remarkable. Jaanson retired after competing at the 2009 World Rowing Championships in Poznan, Poland, 23 years after he first appeared on the international scene at the 1987 World Championships in Denmark. At that time, he had finished fifth behind Thomas Lange, Peter-Michael Kolbe and Pertti Karppinen. He had gone on to win his only World Championship title three years later, in 1990, at Lake Barrington, Australia. Throughout Jaanson’s extensive rowing career he only ever took four or five months out of the boat. This was usually in the winter time when it was not possible to row. He is a true legend in his country and hero in the sport of rowing, having even been named Estonian Man of the Year in his home country following his 2004 Olympic silver medal in the single scull.” About the Thomas Keller Medal The Thomas Keller Medal is the highest distinction in the sport of rowing. It is awarded to recognise an exceptional international rowing career as well as exemplary sportsmanship and legendary aspect. The award was named after the late President of FISA, Thomas Keller “Thomi”, who was born in 1924 and elected President of FISA in 1958, at the age of 34. He was then the youngest-ever president of an international sports federation. Following the 1988 Olympics, Thomi Keller spontaneously awarded the FISA Medal of Honour to Peter-Michael Kolbe and Pertti Karppinen to commemorate one of the greatest rivalries in the history of the sport and recognising their exceptional talent and sportsmanship. This shaped the idea of the Thomas Keller Medal which was initiated by the Keller family following Thomi’s passing in 1989 and was first awarded to the great Norwegian oarsman Alf Hansen in 1990. Each year, the winner is carefully selected by the Thomas Keller Medal committee, after a broad international nomination process, to ensure that the true values in which Thomi so strongly believed are represented in this award. Posted by Greg Searle To Publish An Autobiography In 2012 The Bookseller.com writes today that British oarsman Greg Searle, who took an Olympic gold medal in the coxed pair in 1992 Games in Barcelona together with his brother Jonny, is going to publish a memoir next year. Publisher Jon Butler at Macmillan has bought the rights to Be a Legend by Sear	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,859	Which English king was the son of John O'Gaunt?	John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (1340 - 1399) - Genealogy John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster Is your surname of Gaunt? Research the of Gaunt family Share your family tree and photos with the people you know and love Build your family tree online Share photos and videos John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster Spanish: Juan de Gante, Duque de Lancaster Birthdate: St. Bavon's Abbey, Ghent, Belgium Death: in Leicester Castle, Leicestershire, England Place of Burial: St. Paul's Cathedral, London, Middlesex, England Immediate Family: Added 2017-01-19 00:06:24 -0800 by Private User Collection: Added 2017-01-19 00:05:09 -0800 by Private User Collection: July 24 1340 - Abbaye De St Bavon, Ghent, Flandre Orientale, Belgium Death: Feb 3 1399 - Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England Wife: Constanza (Constance) Plantagenet (born Castilla) Wife: Katherine Plantagenet (born Roet) Children: ...rtugal) Lancaster, Elizabeth Lancaster, Edward Lancaster, Henry (Henry Iv King Of England) Lancaster, Isabel Lancaster, John Beaufort, Ka... Added 2017-01-18 23:52:30 -0800 by Private User Collection: June 24 1340 - Abbaye, De St Bavon, Ghent, Flandre Orientale, Belgium Death: Feb 3 1399 - Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England Wife: Catherine Katherine 17th Ggm Plantagenet Of Gaunt, Duchess (born Swynford De Roet Roët Duchess Of Lancaster) Children: ...lantagenet, Elizabeth Duchess Of Exeter And Lancaster Lady Fanhope Plantagenet, Elizabeth Princess And Duchess Of Lancaster Dé Roët, Henr... Added 2017-01-19 00:09:25 -0800 by Private User Collection: Edward 111 Plantagenet, Philippa Plantagenet (born De Hainault) Siblings: Lionel Plantagenet, Edmund Poe Duke Of York Langley, Thomas De Woodstock Wife: Katherine De Gaunt (born De Roet) Daughter: Added 2017-01-19 00:05:56 -0800 by Private User Collection: July 24 1340 - Abbaye De St Bavon, Ghent, Flandre-Orientale, Belgium Death: Feb 3 1399 - Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England Wife: Katherine Swynford (born Roet) Children: John Beaufort, Kg, Edmund Beaufort, Cardinal Henry Beaufort, Thomas Beaufort (Lancaster), Countess Joan De Neville, Lg (born De Beaufort) Added 2017-01-18 23:52:51 -0800 by Private User Collection: July 24 1340 - Abbaye De St Bavon, Ghent, Flandre-Orientale, Belgium Death: Feb 3 1399 - Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England Wife: Katherine Swynford (born Roet) Children: John (Fairborn) Beaufort, Edmund Beaufort, Cardinal Henry Beaufort, Thomas Beaufort, Countess Joan De Neville, Lg (born Beaufort) Added 2017-01-19 00:06:51 -0800 by Private User Collection: July 24 1340 - Abbaye De St Bavon, Ghent, Flandre-Orientale, Belgium Death: Feb 3 1399 - Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England Wife: Katherine Swynford (born Roet) Children: ...eaufort, Kg, Edmund Beaufort, Cardinal Henry Beaufort, Thomas (Lancaster) Beaufort (Lancaster), Countess Joan De Neville, Lg (born Beaufort) Added 2017-01-18 23:53:16 -0800 by Private User Collection: June 24 1340 - St Bavons Abbey, Ghent, Flanders, Netherlands Death: Feb 3 1399 - Castle, McPherson, Kansas, USA Parents: Edward Iii King Of England, Phillipa King Of England (born Hainault) Siblings: ...Joan Of England, William Of Hatfield, Edmund Plantagenet, Blanche Plantagenet, Mary Of England, Margaret Plantagenet, William Of Windsor,... Added 2017-01-19 00:09:36 -0800 by Private User Collection: June 24 1340 - St Bavons Abbey, Ghent, Flanders, Netherlands Death: Feb 3 1399 - Castle, McPherson, Kansas, USA Parents: Edward Iii King Of England, Phillipa King Of England (born Hainault) Siblings: ...Joan Of England, William Of Hatfield, Edmund Plantagenet, Blanche Plantagenet, Mary Of England, Margaret Plantagenet, William Of Windsor,... Added 2017-01-19 00:09:17 -0800 by Private User Collection: Mar 6 1340 - Abbaye De St Bavon, Ghent, Flandre-Orientale, Belgium Death: Feb 3 1399 - Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England Wife: Katherine Swynford (born Beaufort,) Children: ...ohn Fairborn Beaufort,, Edmund Beaufort, Cardinal Henry Beaufort, Thomas Beaufort (Lancaster),	The Royal House Of Hanover - British Monarchy Family History British Monarchy Family History The Royal House Of Hanover The Royal House of Hanover was the ruling royal house of Great Britain and Ireland for one hundred and eighty seven years from 1714 - 1901, by way of six monarchs. King George I came to the throne upon the death of the Royal House of Stuart monarch Queen Anne in 1714 as he was the late queen's closest Protestant relative through his mother Queen Sophie, who was the grand daughter of King James I of England by way of her mother Elisabeth of Bohemia. GEORGE I George was born on the 28th of May 1660 in Hanover in Germany, which at that time was part of the Holy Roman Empire. He was the oldest child of Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover and his wife Countess Sophie of Rhineland - Palatine. He came to the British throne after the death of his cousin, the last Stuart monarch, Queen Anne. King George was crowned at Westminster Abbey on the 20th of October 1714 at the age of fifty and was not particularly liked or welcomed by the British people, probably for no other reason than he was a foreigner. It was believed that he did not speak very good English, although records show that he did have a good understanding of the language. However, his lack of English did go on to see a diminishing of the monarchy and more power and control given to the government, which, by the time of his death in 1727, had left full power of the running of the country to Robert Walpole, Great Britain's very first Prime Minister. King George's reign also brought about the Jacobite Rebellions (1715 - 1746) - a series of uprisings and rebellions aimed at restoring the Royal House of Stuart to the throne of Britain - an act designed to replace him with the former Queen Anne's half brother James Francis Edward Stuart, an act that failed mainly due to the Stuart's Catholicism. On a personal level George is best remembered for his long running feud with his only son, the future King George II. King George died whilst on a visit to his native Germany on the 11th of June 1727 at Osnabruck. He is buried at the Herrenhausen in Hanover, Germany. SOPHIA DOROTHEA OF CELLE In 1682, by way of an arranged marriage of state, George married Sophia Dorothea of Celle (1666 - 1726) on the 22nd of November 1682 in Celle, Germany. Sophia Dorothea was born on the 15th of September 1666 in Celle, Germany and was the daughter of George William, Duke of Brunswick - Luneburg and his long term mistress, Eleonore d'Esmier d'Olbreuse. Sophia Dorothea is best remembered for her affair with Philip Christoph von Konigsmarck, which when found out, resulted in her spending the last thirty years of her life incarcerated in the Castle of Ahlden in her native Celle, where she was denied any contact with her children ever again. She died from liver failure brought on by gall stones on the 13th of November 1726 and was later interred at the Stadtkirche in Celle, Germany. Her lover was apparently murdered by order of the King, but this has never been verified. Before her affair and subsequent divorce and incarceration, their union had produced two heirs one of which would become the King of England and the other would become the Queen of Prussia. George II of Great Britain - (1683 - 1760) - Married Caroline of Brandenburg - Ansbach, a union which produced nine children, one of which would become the future Queen of Denmark and another would become the future Princess of Orange. Sophia - (1687 - 1757) - Sophia married Fredrick William I of Prussia, making her Queen of Prussia and Electress of Brandenburg. Their union produced ten children, including the future King Fredrick II of Prussia and the future Queen Louise Ulrika of Sweden. EHRENGARD MELUSINE VON DER SCHULENBURG After his divorce in 1694 George began the first of two long term affairs. His first mistress was Ehrengard Melusine von der Schulenburg, a former lady in waiting to his mother the Electress Sophia. In 1716 Melusine moved to London to be with George and straight away he	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,860	In which Irish county is Dingle Bay	The Dingle Peninsula, County Kerry \| Ireland.com Places to go Kerry The Dingle Peninsula National Geographic once called it “the most beautiful place on earth”. It’s suffered the Vikings, welcomed Hollywood and its most famous local is a dolphin. This is the Dingle Peninsula Dingle Peninsula, County Kerry We begin at Dingle itself. Pushed out towards the bay by a modest set of mountains, Dingle is arguably one of the island's more charming towns. Eclectic little fashion and jewelry shops on Green Street give way to intimate and cozy pubs such as Ashes and Foxy John’s. The latter is a DIY store with beer taps and, consequently, the only pub in the country where you can sink a pint and satisfy your hardware needs at the same sitting. Dingle’s bustling Strand Street, County Kerry Full of local flavor Dingle’s cinema is a one-screen time portal. There are probably bigger TV screens out there, but they could never match this place for atmosphere. Café Litreacha on Dykegate Street combines the quaint calm of a bookshop with the tastiest toasted sandwiches around. And Fungie the dolphin still demands company. He gets is by the boatload, too. Dingle’s most famous resident even has his own Twitter feed for hungry fans @fungiedingle. A coastline packed with views West of Dingle town lies a staggering coastline. Take the road to Ballyferriter village and go for a walk on Beál Bán beach, which is only really known to locals. Once you see the views of the vast Atlantic you’ll see why they’ve kept it to themselves. Stick with the coast as far as the Cloghar Cliffs where author and Dingle local Felicity Hayes-McCoy suggests you take a stroll. “You probably want to bring your camera,” she advises. “Even on a grey day the high walk through green fields above the heaving, foam-flecked Atlantic is terrific.” Think a friend might enjoy this article? Click to save and share Pottering around Standing on the windy pedestal of Cloghar headland is the workshop and store of renowned Irish potter Louis Mulcahy. Pop in for a slice of lemon drizzle cake or a goat's cheese salad in the café; or try your hand at making your own piece on the wheel downstairs. Louis’s son, Lasse, who runs the pottery with him, says the Blasket Islands in the distance are one of the area’s other gems: “Looking out over the Blaskets, you can imagine the Spanish Armada sailing through the Blasket Sound almost four centuries ago; or you can picture the tiny dots of the island fishermen in their naomhógs (traditional boats) heading out to sea in search of mackerel.” If weather permits, take a ferry to the Great Blasket. The beaches verge on the tropical and the insight into grueling island life until it was abandoned in 1953 is something you won’t forget in a hurry. The explorers Of course, the Dingle Peninsula is not just known for its scenery, it’s also famous for its characters. Take local man, Tom Crean, Antarctic explorer. It was on the icy planes of the South Pole where one of Dingle’s greatest sons made his name. Annascaul’s South Pole Inn was once owned by Crean. Pull up a chair by the fire and warm your feet after walking the sights, then head off again to follow the road along to Minard beach, where a ruined castle stands watch for invaders swinging in over the horizon. Pick a seat on a smooth stone and think to yourself how National Geographic had it right. It’s time they came back. Save this page to a Scrapbook:	Ireland Geographical Facts, Figures and Physical Extremities This page gives some of the physical extremities of Ireland Most northerly point* The most northerly point is Inishtrahull Island, situated in the Atlantic Ocean 7 km north of Inishowen Peninsula, county Donegal. It lies at latitude 55.43�N. Of mainland Ireland, the most northerly point is a headland 2 km northeast of Malin Head, Inishowen Peninsula, county Donegal. It lies at latitude 55.38�N. Most easterly point The most easterly point is Big Bow Meel Island, which is a rock situated 900 metres off the Ards Peninsula, county Down, at longitude 5.42�W. Of mainland Ireland, the most easterly point is Burr Point, Ards Peninsula, county Down at longitude 5.43�W. It is situated 2 km southeast of the village of Ballyhalbert. Most southerly point The most southerly point is Fastnet Rock, which lies in the Atlantic Ocean 11.3 km south of mainland county Cork. It lies at latitude 51.37�N. Of mainland Ireland, the most southerly point is Brow Head, county Cork, which lies 3.8 km east of the marginly more northerly Mizen Head. It lies at latitude 51.43�N. Most westerly point* The most westerly point is Tearaght Island, which lies in the Atlantic Ocean 12.5 km west of Dingle Peninsula, county Kerry. It lies at longitude 10.70�W. Of mainland Ireland, the most westerly point is Garraun Point, Dingle Peninsula, county Kerry which is 2.5 km northwest of Slea Head. It lies at longitude 10.51�W. Geographical Centres The geographical centre of Ireland is to be found in eastern county Roscommon, at a point 3km (2 miles) south of Athlone town. The centre of Ulster is in county Tyrone, at a point 20km (14 miles) east of Omagh town, near the village of Pomeroy. The centre of Munster is in the north of county Cork, at a point 9km (6 miles) south-west of the village of Rath Luirc. The centre of Leinster is in western county Kildare, at a point 5km (3 miles) south-west of Kildare town. The centre of Connaught is in county Mayo, 6km (4 miles) south-east of the pilgrim village of Knock. The centre of Northern Ireland is in eastern county Tyrone, at a point 6km (4 miles) south-east of the town of Cookstown. The centre of the Republic of Ireland is in south-eastern county Galway, at a point 3km (2 miles) south-west of the village of Eyrecourt. Highest altitude The summit of Mt Carrantuohill, county Kerry, rises to 1,041 metres (3414 feet) above sea level. The second highest point is the summit of Mt Beenkeragh, county Kerry, which rises to 1,010 metres (3314 feet) above sea level. The highest point in Northern Ireland is the summit of Slieve Donard, county Down, which rises to 852 metres (2796 feet) above sea level, and is the 8th highest peak in Ireland. Tallest sea cliffs The sea cliffs at Croaghaun, Achill Island off western Ireland fall 668 metres (2,192 feet) into the Atlantic Ocean. Slieve League in county Donegal has a drop of 601 metres (1,972 feet) into the same ocean. Both cliffs are almost twice the height of the Eiffel Tower in Paris. However, as there is no vantage point to see the cliffs at Achill Island the Donegal cliffs are more famous. (thanks to Michele of irelandyes.com for this information) Most populated county The most heavily populated county is county Dublin, with 1,056,666 inhabitants at the last estimate. The next most heavily populated county is Antrim, with 566,400 inhabitants. Most densely populated county The most densely populated county is county Dublin, with 1147.3 inhabitants per square kilometre at the last estimate. The next most densely populated is county Antrim, with 199.2 inhabitants per square kilometre. Least populated county The county with the fewest inhabitants is county Leitrim with just 25,032 inhabitants at the last estimate. The next lowest is county Longford with 30,128 inhabitants. Most sparsely populated county The most sparsely populated county in Ireland is Leitrim, with a	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,861	"What organization owned a ship called ""The Rainbow Warrior"" that protested nuclear testing?"	Copyright � 1986 The Harvard Law Review Association. Harvard Law Review NOTE: EXCLUSION OF SHIPS FROM NONTERRITORIAL WEAPONS TESTING ZONES. MARCH, 1986 99 Harv. L. Rev. 1040 Excerpt On July 10, 1985, two bombs exploded in Auckland Harbor, New Zealand. The blasts sank the Rainbow Warrior, a ship owned by the international organization Greenpeace, and killed a Portuguese photographer on board. Greenpeace had been preparing the Rainbow Warrior to lead a protest flotilla to the French nuclear testing site at Mururoa incident, French officials admitted their government's responsibility for destroying the Rainbow Warrior. 1 Officials of the United States also were concerned about the Rainbow Warrior's presence in the Pacific: Greenpeace had protested against American missile testing in Canada less than six months earlier, 2 and the United States conducts a major missile testing program at the Marshall Islands in the Pacific. The Marshall Islands tests, while not currently involving nuclear explosions, still present serious hazards for ships navigating near missile targets. Frequently, these hazards extend into ocean areas outside United States territorial waters. If a vessel like the Rainbow Warrior entered such waters at the time of a planned test, the United States would probably have to postpone the test -- at considerable cost 3 -- or remove the ship, an action that might violate international law. This Note addresses this potential dilemma and explores the conflict between two policies of the United States: acceptance of the international principle of freedom of the seas and use of those seas for exclusive purposes. The aggressive political activities of organizations such as Greenpeace suggest that this conflict may have more than academic import. The principle of ...	Images of Dundee, Scotland 7 . . . towers viewed from Riverside Drive PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Edinburgh and Glasgow lines viewed from Tesco's Car Park New lamp - March 2005 PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Riverside Drive PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow A sight which is scheduled to disappear by 2009 with the demolition of Dundee City Council's Tayside House (left). Observation mast on Marine Parade (right). PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow The Frigate UNICORN, formerly HMS UNICORN which was the one time headquarters of Tay Division Royal Naval Reserve. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow UNICORN did not always boast a figurehead. It had to move berth before the Tay Road Bridge was built . The photograph above right, and the following two below show UNICORN being towed out. PHOTOs (left) Malcolm McCrow (right) Scott W Gault Changing places. PHOTOs Scott W Gault An RAF Whirlwind flies over HMS UNICORN as it is towed to its berth in Victoria Dock prior to the construction of the Tay Road Bridge - Photograph courtesy and ï¿½ D.C.Thomson & Co.,Ltd reproduced with kind permission Tanks . . . Flats . . . PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Victoria Dock, Apex Hotel and Tayside House (above). By 2010 the disused dockside cranes had been demolished PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Camperdown Dock City Quay, February 2006 - PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Restoration work has begun on the roof of the Frigate UNICORN (left). City Quay, February 2006 (right) - PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow NORTH CARR light vessel (left) and the Apex Hotel (right) - PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow NORTH CARR and RRS DISCOVERY - PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Foggy Day on the Tay Signs of the times Tay Bridge Fog Warning PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Abandoned Customs House City Quay and Apex Hotel PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Apex Hotel Apex Hotel and Tayside House Frigate UNICORN and harbour flats. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow NORTH CARR Lightship awaiting preservation - W R Stewart's hackleworks (left) awaiting redevelopment in 2006 - PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow City Quay shops and Oasis Cafe PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow SEAWAY DISCOVERY support vessel - PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Fife - nowhere to be seen PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Old school . . . new houses. Glebelands Primary School Camperdown Junction PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow The Changing Waterfront September 2007 RSS DISCOVERY (above left) in its dedicated berth at Dundee, contrasts with the Koninklijke Marine's L801 HNLMS JOHAN DE WITT (above right) which visited Dundee during the weekend of September 22-23, 2007. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow TSS DUNCAN, appropriately in Camperdown Street, (above left) is Dundee Sea Cadet Corps' Headquarters at Camperdown Dock. SCC Cadets sailing in Camperdown Dock (right) overshadowed by the mass of the Royal Netherlands Navy's JOHAN DE WITT berthed in the Tay. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Marine Parade with fashionable flats leading up to Victoria Dock. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Marine Parade - an old crane has been retained as a reminder, perhaps, to a once thriving dockside. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Not all the flats are new builds - the ones above leading down to the waterfront once formed part of an industrial complex. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow While Victoria Dock looks much the same, new office blocks have been constructed west of Discovery Point and separate the walkway from the busy Riverside Drive. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Looking west (above) and east (right) from Compass House in Riverside Drive, west of Discovery Point. PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Compass House reflexions - PHOTOs Malcolm McCrow Hard to believe that this building has been carefully demolished and moved from the foot of East Whale	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,862	Loperamide is used to treat what medical condition?	loperamide oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD 25 Uses This medication is used to treat sudden diarrhea (including traveler's diarrhea ). It works by slowing down the movement of the gut. This decreases the number of bowel movements and makes the stool less watery. Loperamide is also used to reduce the amount of discharge in patients who have undergone an ileostomy. It is also used to treat on-going diarrhea in people with inflammatory bowel disease . Loperamide treats only the symptoms, not the cause of the diarrhea (e.g., infection). Treatment of other symptoms and the cause of the diarrhea should be determined by your doctor. Do not use in children younger than 6 years unless directed by your doctor. This medication should not be used in infants younger than 24 months. How to use loperamide If you are using the over-the-counter product to self-treat, read all the directions on the product package before taking this medication. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, follow your doctor's directions and the directions on your prescription label. Take this medication by mouth , usually after each loose stool, or as directed by your doctor. The dosage is based on your condition and response to treatment. In children, dosage is also based on age and weight . Adults should not use more than 8 milligrams in 24 hours if self-treating, or 16 milligrams in 24 hours if under a doctor's direction. Improper use of this medication (overuse or abuse) - or use with certain other medications - may cause serious harm, such as fast/ irregular heartbeat or death (see also Overdose section - symptoms). Do not increase your dose, take it more often, or use it for longer than directed. Be sure to tell your doctor or pharmacist about all the products you use (including prescription, nonprescription, and herbal products). If you are taking the chewable tablet, take this medication on an empty stomach . The chewable tablets should be chewed thoroughly before swallowing. If you are using the rapidly dissolving tablets, dry your hands before opening the blister pack to carefully remove a tablet. Do not push the tablet through the blister pack. Place the tablet on the tongue , allow it to dissolve completely, then swallow it with saliva . Do not crush, split, or break the tablet before taking it. Do not remove the tablet from the blister pack until just before taking. No water is needed to take this medication. Diarrhea can cause a serious loss of body water ( dehydration ). Drink plenty of fluids and minerals ( electrolytes ) to replace what is lost. Tell your doctor right away if you develop signs of dehydration (e.g., extreme thirst, decreased urination, muscle cramps , weakness , fainting ). You may also need to change to a bland diet during this time to reduce irritation to your stomach / intestines . Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information. Tell your doctor if your diarrhea does not improve after 2 days, if your condition worsens, or if you develop new symptoms. If you develop blood in the stool , fever, or an uncomfortable fullness/swelling of the stomach/ abdomen , or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention. If you are taking this medication under your doctor's direction for ongoing diarrhea, tell your doctor if your diarrhea continues after 10 days of treatment. What conditions does loperamide treat? Side Effects Dizziness , drowsiness, tiredness, or constipation may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor promptly. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects. Stop taking this medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: severe constipation / nausea / vomiting , stomach/ abdominal pain , uncomfortable fullness of the stomach/abdomen. A very serious allergic reaction to this	Account Suspended Account Suspended This Account has been suspended. Contact your hosting provider for more information.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,863	Fictional character Selena Kyle is better known by what name?	Catwoman \| Batman Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Anne Hathaway Selina Kyle, also known as Catwoman, is a fictional character associated with DC Comics ' Batman franchise and created by Bill Finger and Bob Kane . Currently portrayed as an orphan who learned to survive on Gotham City's streets, Selina took to thievery to survive... but determined to do it in style, she learned martial arts and trained extensively to perfect her skills in cat burglary. Her criminal activities are often tempered by a reluctant altruism, making her an inconstant villain and occasional ally to Batman. She regularly eludes capture by the Dark Knight and maintains a complicated, adversarial relationship with Batman that frequently turns flirtatious and occasionally, legitimately romantic. She's one of Batman's best known loves. Contents Catwoman and Batman Tangled origins A revision in Catwoman's origin, and the introduction of the modern version of the character, came in 1986 when writer Frank Miller and artist David Mazzucchelli published Batman: Year One, a revision of Batman’s origin. In the course of the story, the origin of Catwoman was also re-envisioned. Selina Kyle is reintroduced as a cat-loving prostitute/dominatrix who is inspired to become a costumed cat burglar when she sees Batman in action. In this story, Holly Robinson is introduced as Selina's roommate, a young runaway and prostitute Kyle has taken in. The 1989 Catwoman limited series (collected in trade paperback form as Catwoman: Her Sister's Keeper) by writer Mindy Newell and artist J.J. Birch expanded on Miller's Year One origin. Her Sister's Keeper explores Selina's early life as a prostitute and the start of her career as Catwoman. This is a dark and tragic period which culminates with Selina's former pimp Stan abducting and violently abusing her sister Maggie. Selina kills Stan to save her sister, and is able to do so with impunity. Catwoman also appears in the Knightfall saga, where she is approached by Bane 's henchmen while robbing a house. Bane asks her to work for him, but she refuses, giving as her reason that Bane broke Batman. Later in the story, she boards a plane with Bruce Wayne to fly to Santa Prisca. She next appears in the KnightQuest saga. Batman: Dark Victory, the sequel to The Long Halloween, implies that Catwoman suspects she is the long-lost illegitimate daughter of Carmine Falcone , although she finds no definitive proof of this. Selina's connection to the Falcone family is further explored in the miniseries Catwoman: When in Rome. Though more circumstantial evidence is added to the theory of Selina's Falcone heritage, no definitive proof is provided. Portions of Her Sister's Keeper and the Year One origin conceived by Frank Miller remain canonical to Catwoman’s origin, while other portions have been dropped over the years. It has been implied that Her Sister's Keeper was rendered non-canonical by the events of Zero Hour, and subsequent writers have rejected Miller's choice to make the post-Crisis Catwoman a prostitute. In an attempt to harmonize the various versions, some writers have posited that Catwoman, early in her career, pretended to be a prostitute in order to scam lonely men and rob them. However, characters associated with Catwoman's past as a prostitute have remained a part of her supporting cast. Holly, from Batman: Year One, and her sister Maggie (from Her Sister's Keeper) have appeared regularly in the Catwoman series. Selina is the older of two sisters (Maggie being the younger) born to Brian and Maria Kyle. Catwoman v.1 #0, which provides details about Selina's childhood, neglects Maggie's existence. Maria Kyle was a distant parent who preferred to spend her time with cats, and committed suicide when Selina was very young. Brian Kyle, a drunken layabout angry at his wife for killing herself, disliked Selina for resembling her mother and eventually drank himself to death. Selina took to the streets for a time before being caught and sent first to an orphanage, then Juvenile Hall (Catwoman v.1 #0), "where Selina began to see how hard th	Charlie and the Chocolate Factory: Roald Dahl, Quentin Blake: 9780142410318: Amazon.com: Books Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Add all three to Cart Add all three to List Buy the selected items together This item:Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl Paperback $7.85 In Stock. Ships from and sold by Amazon.com. FREE Shipping on orders over $25. Details James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl Paperback $7.99 In Stock. Ships from and sold by Amazon.com. FREE Shipping on orders over $25. Details Matilda by Roald Dahl Paperback $7.99 In Stock. Ships from and sold by Amazon.com. FREE Shipping on orders over $25. Details Customers Who Bought This Item Also Bought Page 1 of 1 Start over Page 1 of 1 This shopping feature will continue to load items. In order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading. Page 1 of 1 Start over Sponsored Products are advertisements for products sold by merchants on Amazon.com. When you click on a Sponsored Product ad, you will be taken to an Amazon detail page where you can learn more about the product and purchase it. To learn more about Amazon Sponsored Products, click here . Liberty Frye and the Witches of Hessen J.L. McCreedy The New Year's Most Compelling Adventure! Liberty Frye and the Witches of Hessen, by J.L. McCreedy. Get your copy now! The Silver Portal (Weapons of Power Book 1) David J. Normoyle They aren't the chosen ones. But when a powerful spell goes wrong, five misfit youths become the land's only hope. Benjamin Dragon - Awakening (The Chronicles of Benjamin Dragon Book 1) C. G. Cooper A bully thrown without a touch... A girl saved from certain death... What other talents will Benjamin find? And did you see the price? The Winter Freak Show (The Twisted Christmas Trilogy Book 1) Daniel Parsons A monster threatens to ruin Christmas in Victorian London. Can young Toby Carter save the city before it's too late? The Seventh Crow Sherry Ramsey When you canât remember most of your life, youâd better be prepared for anything. "A great choice for middle grade students." VOYA Magic of Impromptu Speaking: Create a Speech That Will Be Remembered for Years in Under 30 Seconds Andrii Sedniev Magic of Impromptu Speaking is a comprehensive, step-by-step system for creating highly effective speeches in under 30 seconds. In the Land of Magnanthia: A Fantasy Adventure (Portals, Passages & Pathways Book 1) B. R. Maul Open the portal and choose your path wisely as you journey into the story that Won the 2015 Independent Publisher Award for Best sci-fi/fantasy. Ad feedback Special Offers and Product Promotions Editorial Reviews Amazon.com Review Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and its sequel, Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator , along with Roald Dahl's other tales for younger readers, make him a true star of children's literature. Dahl seems to know just how far to go with his oddball fantasies; in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, for example, nasty Violet Beauregarde blows up into a blueberry from sneaking forbidden chewing gum, and bratty Augustus Gloop is carried away on the river of chocolate he wouldn't resist. In fact, all manner of disasters can happen to the most obnoxiously deserving of children because Dahl portrays each incident with such resourcefulness and humor. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a singular delight, crammed with mad fantasy, childhood justice and revenge, and as much candy as you can eat. The book is also available in Spanish ( Charlie y la Fabrica de Chocolate ). (The suggested age range for this book is 9-12, but nobody this reviewer has met can resist it, including New York City bellhops, flight attendants, and grumpy teenagers.) --This text refers to an alternate Paperback edition. Read more From School Library Journal Gr 3-6-Who doesn't know Dahl's story of poverty-stricken little Charlie Bucket who finds one of Willie Wonka's golden tickets and, along with four other children, gets a tour of his amazing chocolate factory? Each of the other children	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,864	The first great-grandchild of the Queen was born in December of last year. What is her first name?	Queen's first great grandchild as Peter Phillips' wife Autumn Kelly has baby girl \| Daily Mail Online comments They sparked controversy when they sold the pictures of their wedding to Hello! magazine. But will Peter Phillips and his wife Autumn be appearing in a celebrity glossy again - with their new daughter? Autumn gave birth to the 8lbs 8oz baby on Wednesday with her husband - the son of Princess Anne - by her side. New arrival: Peter Phillips and his wife Autumn Kelly have had a baby girl - and speculation is mounting that they will sell the pictures of the newborn to a celebrity magazine And there was immediate speculation that Mr Phillips and his Canadian-born wife would sell the rights to pictures of their newborn. Their decision to accept £500,000 from Hello! magazine for exclusive use of photographs of their wedding ceremony - featuring the Queen, Prince Charles, Prince Harry and royal girlfriends Kate Middleton and Chelsy Davy - caused controversy two years ago. Several senior members of the Royal Family expressed their displeasure and Buckingham Palace later made clear that it regarded the sale as a serious error of judgment. Delighted: Peter and Autumn with their parents and grandparents on their wedding day in 2008. But their decision to sell the pictures to Hello! magazine caused controversy 12th in line to the throne: The baby is the first child for Mr and Mrs Phillips - pictured here in Scotland last year - the first grandchild for Princess Anne and the first great-grandchild for the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh The Queen had allowed the couple to use Frogmore House at Windsor for the reception free of charge. The couple have since made amends, however, and have been invited to join the Royal Family for their recent Christmas gatherings at Sandringham. Controversial: Several senior members of the Royal Family expressed their displeasure that the pictures were sold to Hello! magazine Their daughter, whose name is yet to be confirmed, was born at the Gloucestershire Royal Hospital. She moves ahead of Mr Phillips' sister, Zara, to become 12th in line to the throne. The baby is the first child for Mr and Mrs Phillips, the first grandchild for Princess Anne and the first great-grandchild for the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh. A statement from Buckingham Palace said: 'The Queen, the Duke of Edinburgh, the Princess Royal, Captain Mark Phillips and Autumn's family have been informed and are delighted with the news.' Mr Phillips married his Canadian-born wife at a glittering ceremony at Windsor Castle in May 2008. The couple met in 2003 at the Montreal Grand Prix, where they were both working. Initially, he did not tell her that he was the Queen’s grandson and she only found out when she spotted him in a programme about Prince William. Although he is 11th in line to the throne, Mr Phillips does not have a royal title as his mother declined to give her children the HRH title at birth. Mrs Phillips, a management consultant who worked as a barmaid to fund herself through university, was brought up a Roman Catholic but renounced her faith shortly before their wedding so her husband-to-be did not have to give up his claim to the throne. The couple lived until recently in Hong Kong, where he worked for the Royal Bank of Scotland. He now works for the bank in London. Joy: Peter Phillips was at his wife's side for the birth in Gloucestershire Delivery: The maternity unit at Gloucestershire Royal Hospital where the Phillips' first child was born A great-grandmother: A beaming Queen Elizabeth on Christmas Day The Queen and the Duke have welcomed the births of eight grandchildren since Mr Phillips was born in June 1977. Each of their four children have two of their own, the most recent being the son of Edward and the Countess of Wessex, Viscount Severn, who was born in December 2007. The birth of Peter and Autumn's daughter could well be the first of a number of great-grandchildren for the Queen and Duke, following the recent engagements of Prince William to Kate Middleton and Zara Phillips to Mike Ti	BBC ON THIS DAY \| 25 \| 1952: Queen makes first Christmas speech About This Site \| Text Only 1952: Queen makes first Christmas speech Millions of British and Commonwealth listeners have been listening to Queen Elizabeth's first Christmas broadcast of her reign. In a tradition that began in 1932, the Queen made her address on BBC radio from the study at Sandringham House at 1507 GMT. She used the same desk and chair as her father King George VI and his father King George V had done. The annual broadcast allowed nations around the world to hear the voice of their monarch, made more human by the power of radio. The Queen began: "Each Christmas, at this time, my beloved father broadcast a message to his people in all parts of the world. Today I am doing this to you, who are now my people. Message to armed forces "As he used to do, I am speaking to you from my own home, where I am spending Christmas with my family." She also made mention of those serving abroad, referring no doubt to armed forces in Korea, Malaya and Kenya. "I have a special thought for those who are serving their country in distant lands far from their families. Wherever you are either at home or away, in snow or in sunshine, I give you my affectionate greetings, with every good wish for Christmas and the New Year." In clear, firm tones she thanked her subjects for their "loyalty and affection" since her accession to the throne 10 months ago and promised to continue the work of her father and grandfather to unite the nations of the British Commonwealth and Empire. She asked them to pray for her on coronation day next summer. The Prime Minister of New Zealand announced today that the Queen will make next year's Christmas broadcast from Government House in Auckland.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,865	What island nation suffered a serious cholera outbreak in late 2010, partly as a consequence of a major earthquake in January the same year?	ALNAP \| Haiti Earthquake 2010 - Evaluative resources Home » Haiti Earthquake 2010 - Evaluative resou... Haiti Earthquake 2010 - Evaluative resources Resource type Full report Haiti is party to several international conventions concerning international disaster response. However, although ratified international conventions are self-executing in Haitian law, in practice, the Haitian State has yet to adopt the administrative, legisla- tive and regulatory measures required to implement them. Current legislation concerning international disaster response is fragmented across various legal instruments, and numerous legal provisions were adopted in an ad hoc manner in the aftermath of the earthquake. The National Risk and Disaster Management Plan and the Emergency Response Plan are the main instruments for disaster management in Haiti, although they are not legally binding. They must be considered in conjunction with the State of Emergency Law of April 2010 (repealing the State of Emergency Law of September 2008). Full report As Haiti faces the daunting task of recovery after the devastating earthquake, past experiences provide some lessons. Making a crucial difference to the effectiveness of actions seem to be the nature of the immediate response, diagnosis, project design and supervision, use of local capacity, private sector links, coordination among partners, including within the World Bank Group. Many of the lessons from previous episodes are relevant now; yet Haiti's distinct country conditions must also be kept in mind. Indeed, several factors make the response in Haiti especially overwhelming: the breakdown of social order and a fragile security situation, the near-complete loss of governance structures, and the failure to impose even minimum quality standards on the construction industry. Complicating matters will be the unprecedented scale of the charitable donations earmarked for emergency relief, and the arrival of many agencies new to the country, tending to prioritize unilateral action over coordination. Full report This case study outlines the IFRC's work in Haiti following the 2010 Earthquake. A distinctive feature in their approach is the use of technology to enhance and expand communication and feedback loops. It primarily focuses on two-way communication and feedback processes in IFRC’s Return and Relocation Programme, which supports people displaced by the Earthquake to move out from the crowded camps and informal settlements into safe housing. This resource is part of a larger ALNAP and CDA research project on the effectiveness of feedback mechanisms for affected populations in humanitarian contexts. Full report The main objective of this exercise will be to use our experience in Haiti to help CARE identify shortcomings, recognize good practices, and improve upon CARE's humanitarian policy framework and how CARE International approaches emergency response at a global organizational level in a way that we can apply these lessons to large-scale humanitarian crises we may face in the future. Terms of reference Objectives: The main objective of this exercise will be to use our experience in Haiti to help CARE identify shortcomings, recognize good practices, and improve upon CARE's humanitarian policy framework and how CARE International approaches emergency response at a global organizational level in a way that we can apply these lessons to large-scale humanitarian crises we may face in the future. Similar to the last organization-wide review undertaken for the 2004 tsunami, it is anticipated that the Haiti Earthquake Reflections Workshop will review: Roles & relationships: Clarify roles and responsibilities, accountability, coordination, and management oversight. How successful we were at getting the right people at the right time, including deployment modalities,staffing transitions, etc. Programme design and absorptive capacity. Emergency preparedness planning, capacity assessments,strategic planning and transition from relief to development Performance in core sectors (food security, shelter a	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: 12th October – The Questions 12th October – The Questions Specialist questions set by Waters Green Rams. General knowledge questions set by Church House, Bollington. All vetted by Harrington Academicals. SPECIALIST ROUNDS- 1. SINCE YOU’VE BEEN GONE 2. SCIENCE 5. TIME FOR THE KIDS 6. POLITICS ROUND ONE - SINCE YOU’VE BEEN GONE – News stories of the summer 1. Which actor, born Bernard Schwartz in 1925, died in September 2010? TONY CURTIS 2. In June, Princess Victoria married her former personal trainer Daniel Westling. Of which country is she a princess? SWEDEN 3. Which 74 year-old singing Dame received poor reviews when she appeared on a UK stage for the first time in 30 years at the London O2 in May? JULIE ANDREWS 4. What name was given to the tent city that was set up at the top of the San Jose pit shaft in Chile, where 33 miners were trapped? CAMP ESPERANZA (original Spanish name) or CAMP HOPE 5. Goodluck Jonathan became President of which country in May? NIGERIA 6. The Savile Enquiry finally delivered its findings on which event of 38 years ago? BLOODY SUNDAY (January 1972 in Derry) 7. Why was Mary Bale in the news in August? She was filmed on CCTV putting a CAT into a WHEELIE BIN in Coventry. 8. Which major New Zealand city was hit by an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale? CHRISTCHURCH Supp 1 Which company, with its head-quarters in Windermere, was declared the UK’s best retailer by Which? Magazine? LAKELAND Supp 2 Why was Terry Jones of Gainesville, Florida in the news in September? He planned to BURN copies of the KORAN outside his church. ROUND TWO – SCIENCE 1. Which scientist was born in Shrewsbury in 1809 and died at Down House in Kent in 1882? CHARLES DARWIN 2. Which acid was traditionally known as Oil Of Vitriol or Spirit Of Vitriol? SULPHURIC ACID 3. Which heavenly body has moons called Charon, Nix and Hydra? PLUTO 4. William was in prison in 1770, when he invented the toothbrush. What was his surname, still famous in that field today? ADDIS 5. Besides the elephant, which other African mammal is a source of ivory? HIPPOPOTAMUS 6. An amalgam is a compound containing which metal? MERCURY 7. What name is given to a triangle with sides of unequal length? SCALENE 8. What does a Campbell-Stokes Recorder Record? SUNSHINE (not temperature) Supp 1 Scientist William Harvey (born 1578) is famous for his research into what? THE BLOOD (circulation etc.) Supp 2 What is the more common name for triatomic oxygen? OZONE ROUND THREE – SPORT 1. Tony McCoy finally won his first Grand National in 2010 on his 15th ride in the race. Which horse did he ride? DON’T PUSH IT 2. Name either of the 2008 Ryder Cup captains. PAUL AZINGER or NICK FALDO 3. Which sport would you be taking part in if you used a monkey climber, waggler and a plumb? ANGLING / COARSE FISHING 4. Which county won the 2010 County Cricket Championship? NOTTINGHAMSHIRE 5. Which team won the 2010 Rugby League Challenge Cup? WARRINGTON WOLVES ( bt. Leeds Rhinos 30-6 in the final). Accept WARRINGTON. 6. Where will the final race in the 2010 Formula One Series be held? YAS MARINA circuit in ABU DHABI (accept either) 7. According to Wikipedia, which English football ground has the widest pitch and boasts the tallest floodlights? EASTLANDS (home of Manchester City) 8. Which football club holds the record for the fewest wins in a season in the Premier League? DERBY COUNTY – in 2007/8, their record was Played 38, Won 1, Drawn 8, Lost 29. Supp 1 How many times did Alex Higgins win the World Snooker Championship? TWO Supp 2 Which Rugby Union club has made their Premiership debut in the 2010/11 season? EXETER (Chiefs) ROUND FOUR – GEOGRAPHY 1. Which Irish port was known as Kingstown from 1821, after a visit by George IV, until 1921? DUN LAOGHAIRE (pronounced DUNLEARY) 2. Between 1947 and gaining independence in 1971, by what name was the present-day country of Bangladesh known? EAST PAKISTAN 3. Name an African country that, in its normal English spelling, contains the letter Q. MOZAMBIQUE or EQUATORIAL GUINEA. 4. The islands of Hokkaido a	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,866	Under which Prime Minister were life peerages instituted?	Peerage Basics Peerage Basics For a quick intro, see John Hopfner's brief primer on titles . A peer of the realm is one who holds one (or more of five possible) title(s) of nobility and the estate(s) bestowed upon him or his direct ancestor by the monarch. Although other members of his family might be addressed by "Lord This" and "Lady That," none of them are peers; their titles are all courtesy titles , including his wife's (although she is usually called a "peeress") (1) . A duke or duchess is addressed as "Your Grace" by social inferiors, and as "Duke" or "Duchess" by social equals (1a) (unfortunately I have not been able to discover what exactly "social equal" means). All other peers and peeresses are called by "Lord" or "Lady" prefixed to the title, for example, Lord Spencer or Lady Thatcher. The five titles, in descending order of precedence, or rank, are: Marquess (or, in the French and Scottish spelling, Marquis) Earl Baronets and Knights are not peers. As you'd expect from the ranking, dukes have always been the rarest British noble title. There have never been more than 40 non-royal dukedoms in being at any one time, and ordinarily there have been fewer than that. Today there are about 25 of them. (3) Barons, being the lowest rank of nobility, have usually been the most numerous of the five degrees. The next most numerous dignity has usually been that of Earl; Marquesses and Viscounts have always been comparatively less numerous, though not so rare as the dukes. In 1818, however, there were more earls than barons. There were 25 non-royal dukes, 31 marquesses, 212 earls, 69 viscounts, and 193 barons. These numbers include 21 peeresses in their own right : six countesses and 15 baronesses, but they do not include subsidiary titles (i.e., only the highest-ranking title held by the peer is counted). (4) Only a peer may be said to hold a title "in his/her own right." All other titles are courtesy titles (6) . There are five types of peerages in Great Britain: peers of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom (7) . This makes a great difference in precedence , and in some cases, privilege . The higher the rank, the more likely it is that the peer holds several peerages , which may be distributed throughout the five peerages, depending upon their dates of creation. Historically, retired prime ministers have been granted a peerage, traditionally an earldom, and then serve in the House of Lords (8) . (Some of them had peerages before they became prime minister, so they would have been elevated.) Churchill was offered, and turned down, the Dukedom of Dover (9) . Anthony Eden was created Earl of Avon, (10) but he had no heirs. (11) Harold MacMillan was offered an earldom, but declined; (12) but later, on his 90th birthday, he was created Earl of Stockton. (13) Margaret Thatcher was granted a life peerage as a baroness. (14) Women were not allowed a seat in the House of Lords, even if they held a peerage in their own right , until the 1963 Peerage Act granted them that right. (15) Nonetheless, before then they held all of the other privileges which attended their specific peerage, although often if the peerage carried with it some special office, the office would be fulfilled by the peeress's husband. (16) In addition, wives of peers enjoyed many of the privileges of peers, including a trial in the House of Lords rather than by jury. (17) The Most Stingy Monarch award goes to Elizabeth I, who created only eight peerages in the 54 years of her reign. (18) James I invented the baronetcy , a hereditary knighthood (a "Sir" rather than a Lord, and not a peer), which he sold blatantly to fund his Irish wars; (19) Victoria used the baronetcy to reward persons (often those engaged in Trade) who deserved recognition but should not be cluttering up the House of Lords; in the Georgian era, Irish peerages were most often granted to Englishmen with no connection to Ireland, for much the same reason. (20) In our century, creation of titles has had less to do with the monarch and more to do with the	Chequers \| estate, England, United Kingdom \| Britannica.com estate, England, United Kingdom Globe Theatre Chequers, formally Chequers Court, country house, administrative and historic county of Buckinghamshire , England , situated 30 miles (50 km) northwest of London, the official country residence of the prime ministers of Great Britain. The estate is about 1,500 acres (600 hectares) in extent. Chequers owes much of its present character to the remodeling, in 1565, of its predecessor. In the 19th century the exterior was plastered and the interior redecorated in neo-Gothic style. In 1917 Viscount Lee of Fareham made provision, with parliamentary approval, for the house to become a weekend retreat and place for prime ministers to entertain guests. Since 1921, when David Lloyd George became the first prime minister occupant, his successors have usually spent time there during their terms of office, and ministerial weekends at Chequers have become a part of British political life. Chequers, Ellesborough, Buckinghamshire, Eng. prime minister the head of government in a country with a parliamentary or semipresidential political system. In such systems, the prime minister—literally the “first,” or most important, minister—must be able to command a continuous majority in the legislature (usually the lower house... Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Date Published: August 14, 2008 URL: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Chequers Access Date: January 18, 2017 Share	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,867	A third wedding anniversary is traditionally represented by which material?	3rd Wedding Anniversary - Leather Gifts 3rd Wedding Anniversary The leather anniversary has many possibilities! Some ideas include red leather roses, leather jewelry, or clothing accessories. Artisan jewelry made from leather provides a wide range of beautiful choices for him or her. Leather is also a great opportunity to get something nice for the couple's new home. Another great gift to give the couple might also be a leather-trimmed hamper. Alternatively, spread the love by making a donation to an animal charity in the couple's name if you know they would appreciate that gesture. If leather does not appeal to you, then feel free to try anything made of glass or crystal which are the alternate modern materials. Ideas include crystal jewelry, art glass for the home, decanters, figurines, and much more. Pearl and jade are the alternate modern jewelry materials for the 3rd anniversary.	What is the 13th wedding anniversary called? \| Reference.com What is the 13th wedding anniversary called? A: Quick Answer The 13th wedding anniversary is the lace anniversary. For this reason, the traditional gifts for this occasion include homeware or apparel featuring made from lace or featuring lace inserts. Full Answer The celebration of wedding anniversaries goes back to ancient Roman times, when couples used to celebrate their 25th and 50th marriage anniversaries. Husbands used to offer their wives a silver wreath for the 25th anniversary and a golden wreath for the 50th anniversary. The tradition of having a name for each year of marriage dates from the beginning of the 20th century. This is when various gemstone became associated with wedding anniversaries. The gemstones for the 13th wedding anniversary are malachite, citrine and moonstone.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,868	Prior to his elevation to the papacy in 2013 as Pope Francis, Jorge Mario Bergoglio was archbishop of which city?	Biography \| Francis BIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLY FATHER FRANCIS The first Pope of the Americas Jorge Mario Bergoglio hails from Argentina. The 76-year-old Jesuit Archbishop of Buenos Aires is a prominent figure throughout the continent, yet remains a simple pastor who is deeply loved by his diocese, throughout which he has travelled extensively on the underground and by bus during the 15 years of his episcopal ministry. “My people are poor and I am one of them”, he has said more than once, explaining his decision to live in an apartment and cook his own supper. He has always advised his priests to show mercy and apostolic courage and to keep their doors open to everyone. The worst thing that could happen to the Church, he has said on various occasions, “is what de Lubac called spiritual worldliness”, which means, “being self-centred”. And when he speaks of social justice, he calls people first of all to pick up the Catechism, to rediscover the Ten Commandments and the Beatitudes. His project is simple: if you follow Christ, you understand that “trampling upon a person’s dignity is a serious sin”. Despite his reserved character — his official biography consists of only a few lines, at least until his appointment as Archbishop of Buenos Aires — he became a reference point because of the strong stances he took during the dramatic financial crisis that overwhelmed the country in 2001. He was born in Buenos Aires on 17 December 1936, the son of Italian immigrants. His father Mario was an accountant employed by the railways and his mother Regina Sivori was a committed wife dedicated to raising their five children. He graduated as a chemical technician and then chose the path of the priesthood, entering the Diocesan Seminary of Villa Devoto. On 11 March 1958 he entered the novitiate of the Society of Jesus. He completed his studies of the humanities in Chile and returned to Argentina in 1963 to graduate with a degree in philosophy from the Colegio de San José in San Miguel. From 1964 to 1965 he taught literature and psychology at Immaculate Conception College in Santa Fé and in 1966 he taught the same subject at the Colegio del Salvatore in Buenos Aires. From 1967-70 he studied theology and obtained a degree from the Colegio of San José. On 13 December 1969 he was ordained a priest by Archbishop Ramón José Castellano. He continued his training between 1970 and 1971 at the University of Alcalá de Henares, Spain, and on 22 April 1973 made his final profession with the Jesuits. Back in Argentina, he was novice master at Villa Barilari, San Miguel; professor at the Faculty of Theology of San Miguel; consultor to the Province of the Society of Jesus and also Rector of the Colegio Máximo of the Faculty of Philosophy and Theology. On 31 July 1973 he was appointed Provincial of the Jesuits in Argentina, an office he held for six years. He then resumed his work in the university sector and from 1980 to 1986 served once again as Rector of the Colegio de San José, as well as parish priest, again in San Miguel. In March 1986 he went to Germany to finish his doctoral thesis; his superiors then sent him to the Colegio del Salvador in Buenos Aires and next to the Jesuit Church in the city of Córdoba as spiritual director and confessor. It was Cardinal Antonio Quarracino, Archbishop of Buenos Aires, who wanted him as a close collaborator. So, on 20 May 1992 Pope John Paul II appointed him titular Bishop of Auca and Auxiliary of Buenos Aires. On 27 May he received episcopal ordination from the Cardinal in the cathedral. He chose as his episcopal motto, miserando atque eligendo, and on his coat of arms inserted the ihs, the symbol of the Society of Jesus. He gave his first interview as a bishop to a parish newsletter, Estrellita de Belém. He was immediately appointed Episcopal Vicar of the Flores district and on 21 December 1993 was also entrusted with the office of Vicar General of the Archdiocese. Thus it came as no surprise when, on 3 June 1997, he was raised to the dignity of Coadjutor Archbishop of Buenos Aires. Not even nine months had passed whe	Abridged History of Rome - PART II - V - The Popes Leave Rome Iconography Pope Clement V and the Move to Avignon The circumstances which caused the death of Pope Boniface VIII in 1303 led to the submission of the popes to the will of Philip the Fair, King of France. At the end of a twelve months long conclave which followed the short period in office of Pope Benedict XI, the king saw his efforts rewarded by the election of his candidate, the Archbishop of Bordeaux, who was not even a cardinal. The new pope summoned the cardinals and the key members of the Curia, the papal court, to Lyons where he was anointed and became Pope Clement V on November 14, 1305. The ceremony was attended by King Philip, accompanied by the top members of the French aristocracy, but the day was marked by dire portents: in particular a wall collapsed on the pope during the procession, he lost his balance and his crown fell to the ground. It was not the first time that a pope was conferred his office outside Rome, nor was it unusual for a pope to spend long periods away from his diocese, so the decision of the new pope not to hurry to Rome and to stay for a while in several towns of southern France was not particularly odd. Things changed in 1309 when the pope decided to permanently settle at Avignon , a town in Provence which belonged to the Angevin King of Naples , in his capacity of Count of Provence. In addition to choosing to stay in France, Pope Clement V appointed nine new French cardinals. At the request of the French king he excommunicated the powerful Order of the Knights Templar and gave the king a free hand in getting hold of their large possessions. S. Giovanni in Laterano : new ciborium (1370) The French popes who resided in Avignon for seventy years did not care about the maintenance and improvement of the great Roman basilicas. S. Giovanni in Laterano was partially destroyed by a fire in 1308 and again damaged by another fire in 1361. These fires caused a silver ciborium to melt down. It was only in 1370 that a new ciborium was erected. Its design, elegant but very similar to that of the ciboria erected eighty years earlier by Arnolfo di Cambio in S. Cecilia and in S. Paolo fuori le Mura, shows that Rome was lagging behind the artistic developments which in the meantime occurred in Tuscany and northern Italy. Decline of the Roman Economy The administration of Rome in the first half of the XIVth century was entrusted to a legate, a cardinal representing the pope, and to the Senator of Rome (also appointed by the pope), who had jurisdiction over some municipal matters. These two key positions were in the hands respectively of the Orsini and the Colonna. These two families were at loggerheads, but were united in the spoliation of Rome and in particular of its countryside. During this period of time the small villages around Rome were abandoned and replaced by casali, (farms) belonging to few important families who rented their estates to owners of cattle who used the land as grazing ground. The confrontation between the Colonna and the Orsini also led to a reduction of the security level both in Rome and along the roads used by the pilgrims to reach the city. The absence from Rome impacted on the authority of the pope: Pope John XXII tried to exert the traditional papal role in the appointment of the German emperor, but his excommunication of Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria had very little impact. The emperor invaded Italy, was welcomed in Rome by Senator Sciarra Colonna and he appointed a new pope, a member of the spiritual Franciscans, who advocated evangelical poverty. The emperor decided to be crowned in Rome, but he did not care about the religious aspects of the ceremony: the event took place on the Campidoglio and the crown of Holy Roman Emperor was placed on Louis' head by Sciarra Colonna, as representative of the City of Rome: after a thousand years (the practice had been dismissed by Constantine the Great in 313) an emperor was crowned on the sacred hill of Ancient Rome. In the XIVth century the great nati	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,869	What is the currency used in Egypt, Syria and Lebanon?	LBP \| Lebanese Pound \| OANDA Lebanese Pound Overview The Lebanese Pound is the official currency of Lebanon, signified by £ or L£. The Pound is also known as the Lira in Arabic or the Livre in French, and all notes and coins are written and referred to in both languages. The Pound is sub-divided into 100 piastres, although over time inflation has rendered the piastre obsolete. The Pound is pegged to the US Dollar at 1 USD = 1,507.5 LBP. Economy International emigration has created "commercial networks" throughout the world leading to $8.2 billion dollars of remittances in 2009. The money sent by Lebanese expatriots to their relatives represented 20% of the country's economy. Lebanon has the highest proportion of skilled labor between Arab states. To boost the economy and increase foreign direct investment, the Lebanese government has created an agency to promote domestic investments, IDAL, the Investment Development Authority of Lebanon in 1994. It was established to promote Lebanon as a key investment destination, and the attraction of providing and maintaining investments in the country. In 2001, Law No.360 Investment was enacted to strengthen the mission of the organization, providing a framework for regulating investment activities in Lebanon, and providing local and foreign investors with a series of incentives and services business support. In addition to its role as investment promotion agency, IDAL was given the active promotion and marketing Lebanese exports including but not limited to agricultural and agro products. History The Ottoman Lira was used before World War I. After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the currency became the Egyptian Pound in 1918. After seizing control of Syria and Lebanon, the French replaced the Egyptian pound with a new currency in Syria and Lebanon, the Syrian Pound , which was linked to the French Franc at a value of 1 Pound = 20 Francs. Lebanon issued its own coins and banknotes from 1924 from 1925. Lebanon's first banknotes were issued by the Bank of Syria and Greater Lebanon (Banque du Liban) in 1925. Denominations ran from 25 girsha through to 100 pounds. In 1939, the bank's name was changed to the Bank of Syria and Lebanon. In 1939, the Lebanese Pound officially separated from that of Syria, although it was still linked to the French Franc and remained interchangeable with Syrian money. In 1941, after the defeat of France by Nazi Germany, the Lebanese Pound was linked instead to the British Pound Sterling at a rate of 8.83 Lebanese Pounds = 1 Pound Sterling. A link to the French Franc was restored after the war, but was abandoned in 1949. Symbols and Names Piastre = 1/100 of a Pound Denominations Bills: 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000 pounds Coins: 50, 100, 250, 500 pounds Countries Using This Currency SITE MAP © 1996 - 2017 OANDA Corporation. All rights reserved. "OANDA", "fxTrade" and OANDA's "fx" family of trademarks are owned by OANDA Corporation. All other trademarks appearing on this Website are the property of their respective owners. Leveraged trading in foreign currency contracts or other off-exchange products on margin carries a high level of risk and may not be suitable for everyone. We advise you to carefully consider whether trading is appropriate for you in light of your personal circumstances. You may lose more than you invest. Information on this website is general in nature. We recommend that you seek independent financial advice and ensure you fully understand the risks involved before trading. Trading through an online platform carries additional risks. Refer to our legal section here . Financial spread betting is only available to OANDA Europe Ltd customers who reside in the UK or Republic of Ireland. CFDs, MT4 hedging capabilities and leverage ratios exceeding 50:1 are not available to US residents. The information on this site is not directed at residents of countries where its distribution, or use by any person, would be contrary to local law or regulation. OANDA Corporation is a registered Futures Commission Merchant and Retail Foreign Exch	Libya’s IS expansion puts Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria under threat Libya’s IS expansion puts Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria under threat Author: Al-Hayat (Pan Arab) Posted March 15, 2015 A political solution in Libya does seem far-fetched. Each time that the parties sit at the dialogue table in Morocco or Algeria — or in Geneva before that — military confrontation is ablaze between the Libya Dawn forces and the Dignity movement. In the meantime, the returnees from Syria fled to Libyan cities, especially Derna and Sirte, on the way to carry out attacks in Tunisia, Algeria and other western and southern neighboring countries. Summary ⎙ Print Already weakened by years of instability and collapse of their economic resources, Egypt, Tunisia and Algeria are the neighboring countries most affected by the Islamic State’s control over Libyan cities. Author Rachid Khachaneh Posted March 15, 2015 TranslatorJoelle El-Khoury Original Article اقرا المقال الأصلي باللغة العربية The lack of state control is burdening the neighboring countries at the social, political and military levels. These countries will have their share of internal destabilization, if the organization [Islamic State] was able to disseminate its dormant and active cells in Libya’s neighboring countries. Months ago, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi had sent his prison mate Abu Nabil Anbari (whose real name is Wissam Abd al-Zubaidi) to contribute to the establishment of an IS branch in Libya and North Africa, in addition to Al-Yamani Shanqeeti, who has already been appointed IS governor of Derna. Anbari is a fierce fighter. After the fall of Mosul, he was the one who led the bloody attack on the cities of Tikrit and Beiji, which he forced the Iraqi forces out of, before he was appointed wali (governor) of Salahuddin province. Egypt can be considered as the neighboring country that is affected the most by IS control over Libyan cities. In addition to the hotbeds, armament and recruitment activities that have come close to Egypt's western border, 21 of its citizens were beheaded. This is not to mention the strident popular reactions and government pressure to respond militarily to this crime. However, what prompted Cairo to refrain from proceeding with the airstrikes is the international reservations about the participation in a broad coalition to strike armed militias in Libya. These reservations were made clearer in Algeria’s rejection of meeting Egypt's call for the military option. They were also seen in the shift in stances in Rome and Paris. Italy and France were the most enthusiastic about engaging in the international coalition to launch raids on IS positions in Libya before they shifted to calling for a political solution. This general position with reservations is in line with the US position, which was expressed by US ambassador to Libya, Deborah Jones. She wrote in a Libya Herald article on the fourth anniversary of Libya’s revolution against Moammar Gadhafi’s regime that “only Libyans can save Libya.” At the social level, the massive return of Egyptian workers to their country will place heavy burdens on the country, in light of the authorities’ inability to provide all or even some of the returnees with employment opportunities. This means that Egypt — which is also busy with its war on armed groups inside the country — is harmed the most by the consequences of Libya becoming a failed state. Tunisia, infiltrated? Tunisia is the second-most affected country by the new crisis in Libya. This is because IS control of the cities and regions in neighboring Libya will destabilize Tunisia , and make it vulnerable to a danger that the country is not yet prepared to counter at all levels. Tunisians are very careful in dealing with the Libyan crisis, in order to keep equal distance from both parties, out of fear that Tunisians working in Libya are kidnapped or killed. The Libyan crisis has left its military, economic and social repercussions on Tunisia. IS expansion into Libya has made the risk of infiltrating into the Tunisian border only a matter of time. This is particularly true since t	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,870	Who was the Premier League's top scorer while with Sunderland in 1999-2000	English Premier League \| My blog By admin Leave a Comment Zlatan Ibrahimovic can become the first overseas player to be the leading scorer in the Premier League in his first season in England. Great strikers like Thierry Henry and Sergio Aguerro took at least one season to top the scoring charts. The fallout from England’s debacle at Euro 2016 can see Harry Kane and Jamie Vardy fall off the pace so Diego Costa back to his best at Chelsea can make the payout places in the leading marksman market. Michy Batshuayi is another interesting contender from abroad. Kane scored the most goals last season and his tally of 25 for Tottenham meant he was the first English player to be the leading Premier League scorer since Kevin Phillips scored 30 league goals for Sunderland in the 1999-2000 season. In the last seven years a player had to find the net at least 20 times to outscore his contempories. In the Premier League era no foreign player has won this honour in his debut season in England. Arsenal’s strikers have scored most goals more times than players from other clubs. In every season since and including 2001-2002 the leading scorer in the Premier League has played for Arsenal, Manchester United, Chelsea, Liverpool or Manchester City before Kane scored his goals for Spurs. Three seasons ago Luis Suarez and Daniel Sturridge were first and second playing for Liverpool and that is the only occasion in the Premier League era that players from the same club were in the top two in the scoring charts. Alan Shearer and Robin Van Persie are the only leading Premier League scorers for two clubs. In the European Championship finals the winner of the Golden Boot is a slight variation on the top scorer market. If two or more players are tied the number of assists determines who receives the honour. Antoine Griezmann made this redundant but in the past helping colleagues score a goal had to be taken into account. In the Premier League top scorer betting the place terms are one quarter the odds, the first four places and in the case of ties dead heat rules apply. However, Paddy Power offer one fifth the odds for six places which is an excellent concession. Three players finished joint sixth last season after each scoring 14 goals. The only ties for first place were in 1997-98 season when Dion Dublin, Michael Owen and Chris Sutton scored 18 goals and in the following season when Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink, Owen and Dwight Yorke also scored 18 goals. In 24 seasons there have only been 19 ties for the winner and top 5 payout places. Ibrahimovic is now 34 but looks like being Jose Mourinho’s first choice striker for United. The manager has said Wayne Rooney will play up front so the dynamic between the two high-profile players will be fascinating. Rooney has been the main man at Old Trafford for more than ten years but Zlatan does not come across as a person who likes to share the limelight. They could play as a pair but Mourinho has been an advocate of a lone striker in the past but he may adapt for the greater good. Football people often refer to players and managers as winners almost as a mythical quality but that is the whole point of sport. Mourinho has won the main league in four countries while Zlatan has been a champion in five different leagues. However, they have never won the English Premier League together and their prospects will be greatly enhanced if Ibrahimovic improves his career scoring strike rate in what could be his only season playing for Manchester United. Ibrahimovic has scored 392 goals in 677 domestic matches. That gives him a career strike rate of 0.57 goals per match which equates to 22 goals over a full 38 match Premier League season. That tally has been enough to be the leading scorer in only three of the last ten seasons. Ibrahimovic may need to score 30 league goals this season to top the scoring charts which means United will probably finish first or second. The leading scorer does not automatically play for the champions but it does help. If we are disregarding Kane and Vardy on the basis of mental letdown from Euro	BBC SPORT \| Football \| Premier League \| Where the Premier League's players come from Where the Premier League's players come from Data shown is place of birth, not nationality. (Data last updated 13 August 2009) By Ollie Williams In the past two decades, the composition of England's top-flight teams has changed dramatically. At the start of the 1989-90 season, leading clubs like Arsenal and Manchester United boasted just one or two regular first-team players who were born outside the United Kingdom. Now, Premier League teams have, on average, 13 foreign-born stars within their ranks. 'THE GLOBAL GAME' Watch the BBC News Channel/BBC World on Friday for interviews and analysis on the global growth and appeal of the Premier League, with coverage also on radio and online Use the interactive world map above to explore the birthplaces of players in all the current Premier League squads, and compare them with the same teams' players from the start of the 1989-90 season - then find out more about each team below. Twenty years ago, defending champions Arsenal had just two players born outside the UK on their books: Icelandic midfielder Sigurdur Jonsson and Irish forward Niall Quinn. Jonsson made barely a handful of appearances before leaving Highbury in 1992, while Quinn was soon to sign for Manchester City. Liverpool, eventual title-winners that season, had an unusually large number of foreign-born players in their 1989-90 squad. Bruce Grobbelaar - one of few foreign stars in 1989 Kenny Dalglish's side featured five players born outside the UK: John Barnes (Jamaica), Bruce Grobbelaar (South Africa), Glenn Hysen (Sweden), Jan Molby (Denmark) and Steve Staunton (Republic of Ireland). But they were the exception. Teams were far more likely to boast just one or two players born outside the UK and, in many cases (such as Manchester City's David Oldfield and Chelsea's Tony Dorigo), those players were British nationals who happened to have been born abroad. Two decades ago, the teams making up this year's Premier League could only boast 12 players born outside the Commonwealth between them. Twenty years later, more than half of the Premier League's clubs could field an entire starting line-up of foreign-born players. Liverpool now have just three UK-born first-team stars in Jamie Carragher, Steven Gerrard and Glen Johnson, with other British talents like Jay Spearing making only occasional European appearances to date. Anfield is home to 20 foreign-born players with a strong first-team claim, while Arsenal can boast 23, as opposed to four Brits, all aged under 21. Teams recently promoted to the top flight have the fewest foreign-born players in their first-team squads - Burnley have seven, Wolves have eight, as do Stoke, who gained promotion a year earlier, while Birmingham have nine. West Ham are also at the lower end of the spectrum, with nine foreign-born players, but at the time of writing this still comprised almost half of the 21 first-team players at Gianfranco Zola's disposal. You can find out more about your team below. Remember that the data focuses on place of birth, not nationality. Read more, comment and download the data on Ollie Williams' blog Jump to a team 1989-90: 19 players born in UK, two born abroad 2009-10: Four players born in UK, 23 born abroad Jack Wilshere is one of Arsenal's UK-born youngsters Jonsson and Quinn, mentioned above, were as exotic as it got for the Gunners 20 years ago. Arsenal could almost have put out a starting line-up featuring only players born in the London area. By contrast, in February 2005, manager Arsene Wenger became the first in English football to field a matchday squad lacking any English players. The current squad's UK-born talents - Theo Walcott, Aaron Ramsey, Kieran Gibbs and Jack Wilshere - are all under 21 years old. Points on the map 2009-10: Carlos Vela, who waited more than three years for his first Arsenal goal (and two of those waiting for a work permit), is Mexican. Brazilians Denilson and Eduardo hail from Sao Paulo and Rio respectively. There are three imports from West	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,871	Which punningly alliteratively named professor drove the No3 Convert-a-Car in Wacky Races?	CityPages October 2014 Issue by CityPages Kuwait (page 170) - issuu issuu Issuu on Google+ HOMEWORK FOR GROWN UPS EVERYTHING YOU LEARNED AT SCHOOL... BUT CAN YOU REMEMBER? General Knowledge Quiz 1. Al Jazeera means 'The (What?)'? 2. PDF, Adobe's universal computer document format, stands for what? Test Your Vocabulary Don Quixote offered to mount guard over the castle lest they should be attacked by some giant or other malevolent________, covetous of the great treasure of beauty the castle contained. 1. survivor 2. investigator 3. patriot 4. scoundrel 3. Chatsworth House gardener, engineer and greenhouse expert, Joseph Paxton, created which iconic 1851 London building? 4. What was a originally an ancient Greek post-banquet drinking party, and nowadays 6. Brahmanism is an ancient formative religion of: Hinduism; Islam; Catholicism; or Mormonism? 7. Bundes in the German 'Bundesliga' soccer league refers to: Old; Federal; Competition; or Professional? ANSWER: 4. In this question, scoundrel is a noun that means someone who does evil deliberately. tailwind; With a crosswind; or Sun behind? A scoundrel is a person who does deliberately evil things. If your brother hides a fake mouse in your shoe and you therefore almost have a heart attack while getting dressed, you have every right to call him a scoundrel. 5. Runway selection for aircraft take-off and landing is generally: Into headwind; With Though the term scoundrel isnâ€™t used as much as it once was, itâ€™s the perfect way to describe someone who breaks the law, has no morals, or someone like your sneaky sibling who loves to play practical jokes. Most villains in movies and on television can be put in this category. Interestingly, though women are quite capable of equally wicked behavior, this particular term is usually reserved for men. refers to a researchers/academic conference? 8. Which punningly alliteratively named professor drove the No3 Convert-a-Car in Wacky Races? 9. What Anglicized Italian term from Latin 'not known' refers to a person's having a Tricky Mathematician Problem concealed or false identity? 10. In 1849 US mechanic Walter Hunt patented what multi-billion-selling and punk I have a huge bed-sheet of 1 meter long. rock device? I want to cuts this role into pieces of 20 centimeter long 11. Which multi-award-winning 1982s movie is considered to have included the cloth. biggest ever crowd of extras? 12. What potent plant is called technically Papaver somniferum? How long will it take me to cut the bed sheet if each 20 13. Burlap is an old material traditionally used in making: Hats; Scarves; Sacks; or centimeter cut took me 5 minutes ? Socks? 14. In constitutional terminology, put these structures in order of power- so 49x5 => 245 minutes centralization, most to least: Confederation; Unitary; Federation? It will take 49 cuts not 50. ANSWER: 245 minutes 15. What community-support focused branch of Christianity grew from the work of brothers John and Charles Wesley and George Whitefield? 16. Appearing in many food/drink names, what is produced when cereal grain germination is halted by hot air drying? 17. In 2014 the EU introduced a maximum 1600watt power rating for: Vacuum JUMBLED WORDS L I Q T U cleaners; Mobility scooters; Buskers; or Residential Xmas lights? 18. In 2014 Russia closed branches of what global brand amidst East-West sanction? 19. The fin whale, second largest animal after the blue whale, excretes approximately how many litres per day: 3; 15; 100; or 1,000? 20. The old English profession 'cofferer', typically employed in a royal household, Z A G E L N I N E E G F O R T P I equates nowadays to a: Gardener; Tea-maid; Accountant; or Hairdresser? citypageskuwait.com ANSWERS:QUILT, GLAZE, ENGINE, PROFIT, NEGATE ANSWERS:1.Island (referring to the Arabian Peninsular), 2.Portable Document Format, 3.Crystal Palace, 4.Symposium (from sun, together, and potes, drinker), 5.Into headwind, 6.Hinduism, 7.Federal, 8.Pat Pending, 9.Incognito, 10.Safety pin (reportedly he sold the patent to repay a modest debt, and th	View All Photos (5) Movie Info Tony Curtis stars as The Great Leslie, a hero among heroes whose purity of heart is manifested by his spotlessly white wardrobe. Leslie's great rival, played by Jack Lemmon, is Professor Fate, a scowling, mustachioed, top-hatted, black-garbed villain. Long envious of Leslie's record-setting accomplishments with airships and sea craft, Professor Fate schemes to win a 22,000-mile auto race from New York City to Paris by whatever insidious means possible. The problem is that Fate is his own worst enemy: each of his plans to remove Leslie from the running (and from the face of the earth) backfires. Leslie's own cross to bear is suffragette Maggie Dubois (Natalie Wood), who also hopes to win the contest and thus strike a blow for feminism. The race takes all three contestants to the Wild West, the frozen wastes of Alaska, and, in the longest sequence, the mythical European kingdom of Carpania. This last-named country is the setting for a wild Prisoner of Zenda spoof involving Professor Fate and his look-alike, the foppish Carpanian king. When Leslie and Fate approach the finish line at the Eiffel Tower, Leslie deliberately loses to prove his love for Maggie. Professor Fate cannot stand winning under these circumstances, thus he demands that he and Leslie race back to New York. The supporting cast includes Peter Falk as Fate's long-suffering flunkey Max, Keenan Wynn as Leslie's faithful general factotum, Dorothy Provine as a brassy saloon singer, Larry Storch as ill-tempered bandit Texas Jack, and Ross Martin as Baron Von Stuppe. The film also yielded a hit song, Henry Mancini and Johnny Mercer's The Sweetheart Tree. The Great Race was dedicated to "Mr. Laurel and Mr. Hardy". Rating:	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,872	What is the popular name for Sirius, which is 9 light years from Earth?	Sirius: Brightest Star in Earth's Night Sky Sirius: Brightest Star in Earth's Night Sky By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor \| June 24, 2013 06:07pm ET MORE Follow the belt of Orion to find Sirius. Credit: Starry Night Software Sirius, also known as the Dog Star or Sirius A, is the brightest star in Earth's night sky. The name means "glowing" in Greek. With a visual magnitude of -1.46, the star is outshone only by several planets as well as the International Space Station. Because Sirius is so bright, it was well-known to the ancients. What came as a surprise to astronomers was the discovery of a companion star, Sirius B, in 1862. The companion is so much dimmer than Sirius — 10,000 times, in fact — that it wasn't until 2005 that astronomers were able to estimate its mass. Locating Sirius Sirius is highly visible in the Northern Hemisphere winter night sky because it has a high relative luminosity to other stars, and it's relatively close to Earth (8.6 light-years). If the star were placed next to Earth's sun, Sirius would outshine it more than 20 times over. To find Sirius, use the belt of Orion as a pointer. The three stars point downward toward Sirius to the left. To be more precise, the position of Sirius is: Right Ascension: 06h 45m 08.9s Declination: -16 degrees 42 minutes 58 seconds Though they look serene and silent from our vantage on Earth, stars are actually roiling balls of violent plasma. Test your stellar smarts with this quiz. Photograph of Sirius A, the brightest star in our nighttime sky, along with its faint, tiny stellar companion, Sirius B. Credit: NASA, ESA, H. Bond (STScI), and M. Barstow (University of Leicester) Sirius in history Today, Sirius is nicknamed the "Dog Star" because it is part of the constellation Canis Major — Latin for "the greater dog." The expression "dog days" refers to the period from July 3 through Aug. 11 when Sirius rises in conjunction with the sun. The ancients felt that the combination of the sun during the day and the star at night was responsible for the extreme heat that is experienced during mid-summer. The star is present in ancient astronomical records of the Greeks, Polynesians and several other cultures. Perhaps most notably, the Egyptians based their calendar on when Sirius was first visible in the eastern sky, shortly before sunrise. They called it the "Nile Star" because it always returned just before the river rose, and so announced the coming of floodwaters, which would renourish their lands. In 1718, Edmond Halley — when studying Sirius and other stars — discovered that stars have "proper motion" relative to one another . Then in 1862, Alvan Graham Clark discovered Sirius had a faint companion, now known as Sirius B . Recent observations In 2005, astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope precisely measured the mass of Sirius B for the first time — a mass that is 98 percent that of the sun , NASA stated. The scientists used a spectrometer aboard the orbiting telescope to measure how its light is affected by gravity on the star. Previous attempts with ground-based observatories were foiled because Sirius itself is so bright, and along with the Earth's atmosphere spreading its light, it washed out its fainter companion (which is a white dwarf ). Astronomers have struggled to confirm a few older measurements of Sirius' system. One 1994 paper in Astronomy and Astrophysics suggested the binary system could actually have a third, tiny companion that rotates around Sirius every six years. Observations in 2008 with a European Southern Observatory 3.6 meter telescope, however, revealed nothing . Some have suggested that Sirius was much redder in the past, based on ancient accounts that described the star as red. Among them was Greek astronomy Claudius Ptolemy in A.D. 150. "There is no doubt about what Ptolemy means. He bluntly says "reddish, and other ancient sources corroborate him," wrote the University of Houston's R.C. Ceragioli in 1995. However, since the matter first received serious attention at the Royal Society in 1760, astronomers have been unable	Huge 'ghost' ring discovered around Saturn : Nature News Published online 7 October 2009 \| Nature \| doi:10.1038/news.2009.979 News Huge 'ghost' ring discovered around Saturn Spitzer Space Telescope reveals a supersized dust belt. Michelle Grayson Astronomers have found an enormous ghostly ring around Saturn.Science Photo Library Saturn's ring system has just got a lot larger, with the discovery of a faint ring that stretches out millions of kilometres into space. But this new ring, which follows the orbit of one of Saturn's moons, Phoebe, is unlike any of the other rings that are closer to the planet: as well as being much thicker and wider, it is tilted from the plane of the other rings. Saturn's rings were first described by astronomer and mathematician Christiaan Huygens in 1655. Since then, astronomers have discovered more details about the number of rings in the system and their composition, aided recently by NASA's Cassini–Huygens mission. It was thought that the farthest ring from Saturn — until now the largest known ring in the Solar System — was the E ring, which stretches from a distance of 3 Rs (where Rs is the radius of Saturn, equal to 60,330 kilometres) to 8 Rs, and is fed by active geysers on Saturn's icy moon Enceladus. However, this new ring dwarfs all the others, extending from approximately 128 Rs to 207 Rs with a vertical thickness of 40 Rs. "It is an analogue of the 'tiny' rings around Saturn, but on an immense scale," says Michael Skrutskie of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, and one of the paper's authors 1 . "It is also a very tenuous ring, with an optical depth of only 2 x 10–8. That is the equivalent of 20 grains of material per cubic kilometre." Cryogenic clues The extremely sparse nature of the ring means that it reflects very little light and is practically invisible, which is why it has previously escaped detection. Its existence was proposed based on the discovery of other satellite-associated rings — such as the Janus–Epimetheus Ring around Saturn detected in 2006 — which are formed from material ejected from planetary satellites following an impact. Phoebe Ring is much further out than Saturn's other rings.NASA/JPL-Caltech/R.Hurt (SSC) Inset image: NASA/WM.Keck Observatory/JPL-G. Orton "This was something that was not suspected before the Cassini mission," says Carl Murray, from the astronomy unit at Queen Mary, University of London, and a member of the Cassini imaging team. "We have since come to the conclusion that the origins of many of Saturn's inner rings are its satellites. Of course, these are very optically-thin rings and nothing like the spectacular rings we normally associate with Saturn." The new 'Phoebe Ring' describes the outer boundaries of Phoebe's orbit, and is at an angle of 27° with respect to the other rings. Phoebe travels in the opposite direction to most of the planet's other moons. The ring was detected by thermal emission using the Spitzer Space Telescope's Multiband Imaging Photometer, which uses a cryogenic system to enable it to see such weak infrared signals. Skrutskie and his team confirmed their observations with images from the Spitzer archive. And in a bonus discovery, the team think they may also have solved an astronomical mystery. One hemisphere of Iapetus, the next moon in from Phoebe, is much darker in colour than the other half — an observation that astronomers have never fully explained. The team now believes that the Phoebe Ring could be the missing source of the darker material, as well as being responsible for reddish deposits on Hyperion, another Saturnian moon. However, the team has not yet managed to accurately determine the ring's structure or composition to confirm this hypothesis: "Now that Spitzer has exhausted its cryogen, we cannot make any more observations that way," Skrutskie explains. Further observations of the Phoebe Ring will have to wait until the infrared-optimized James Webb Space Telescope is operational following its launch in 2014. Until then, there will almost inevitably be more surprises from Saturn, Murray	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,873	Canis Major is also known as what?	Sirius is Dog Star and brightest star \| Brightest Stars \| EarthSky Sirius is Dog Star and brightest star By Deborah Byrd in Brightest Stars \| Science Wire \| February 10, 2016 Sirius – in the constellation Canis Major the Greater Dog – is the sky’s brightest star. It’s very easy to spot on winter and spring evenings. The star Sirius and the nearby star cluster M41 caught on January 2, 2016 in Weatherly, Pennsylvania. Photo by Tom Wildoner at LeisurelyScientist.com The brightest star visible from any part of Earth is Sirius in the constellation Canis Major the Greater Dog. Sirius is sometimes called the Dog Star. Follow the links below to learn more about Sirius, the Dog Star and brightest star. The Greater Dog looking super cute in this photo Tom Wildoner ! Brightest star is Sirius. Orion’s Belt points to Sirius How to see Sirius. Most people in the Northern Hemisphere notice Sirius in the southeast – south – or southwest on evenings from winter to mid-spring. February evenings are a grand time to see it. It’s also fun to spot Sirius as it ascends in the east before dawn on late summer mornings. Whenever you see Sirius, you’ll recognize it easily because it is our sky’s brightest star. Although white to blue white in color, Sirius might be called a rainbow star, as it often flickers with many colors. The brightness, twinkling and color changes sometimes prompt first-time observers to report Sirius as a UFO. But these changes have nothing to do with Sirius. Rather, they are what happens when such a bright star as Sirius shines through the blanket of Earth’s atmosphere. The light from Sirius, which often appears fairly low in the sky from the mid-north latitudes, passes through a long column of air before it reaches our eyes. Changes in density and temperature of this air affect the light and cause the flickering and shimmering we see when we gaze at this star. This happens for other stars, too, but it is more noticeable for Sirius because it is so bright, and because it appears low in the sky. From the mid-northern latitudes such as most of the U.S., Sirius rises in the southeast, arcs across the southern sky, and sets in the southwest. In December, you’ll find Sirius rising in mid-evening. By mid-April, Sirius is setting in the southwest in mid-evening. Sirius is always easy to find. It’s the sky’s brightest star! Plus, anyone familiar with the constellation Orion can simply draw a line through Orion’s Belt, to the left. This line will point to Sirius, which is roughly 8 times as far from the Belt as the Belt is wide. The Egyptian god Osiris History and mythology of Sirius. Sirius is also well known as the Dog Star, because it is the chief star in the constellation Canis Major, the Big Dog. Have you ever heard anyone speak of the dog days of summer? Sirius is behind the sun as seen from Earth in Northern Hemisphere summer. In late summer, it appears in the east before sunrise – near the sun in our sky. The early stargazers might have imagined that the double-whammy of Sirius and the sun caused the hot weather, or dog days. Sirius has been known since ancient times, and its name signified its nature as “scorching” or “sparkling.” It was associated with the Egyptian god Osiris and other gods. Ancient Egyptians noted that Sirius rose just before the sun each year immediately prior to the annual flooding of the Nile River. Although the floods could bring destruction, they also brought new soil and new life. Fittingly, Osiris, whom Sirius may have represented, was a god of life, death, fertility and rebirth of plant life along the Nile. In India, Sirius is sometimes known as Svana, the dog of Prince Yudhistira. The prince and his four brothers, along with Svana, set out on a long and arduous journey to find the kingdom of heaven. However, one by one the brothers all abandoned the search until only Yudhistira and Svana were left. At long last they came to the gates of heaven. The gatekeeper, Lord Indra, welcomed the prince but denied Svana entrance. Yudhistira was aghast and told Lord Indra that he could not forsake his good	TV ACRES: Dogs > Breeds> Basset Hounds > Dog the dog (Columbo) Basset Hounds Dog the dog - Basset hound seen on episodes of the police drama COLUMBO/NBC/1971-77/ABC/1989-91. Dog was owned by Lt. Columbo (Peter Falk), a seemingly incompetent homicide detective who always got his man. The choice of a droopy-eared basset hound perfectly matched the disheveled police officer who wore a dirty raincoat, drove a disheveled Peugeot and smoked cigars. Columbo found Dog at the pound on the NBC MYSTERY MOVIE "Etude in Black." Dog made further appearances in the COLUMBO movies Catch Me, Forgotten Ladu, Make Me A Perfect Murder, and Now You See Him. When it came to naming his pooch, the Lieutenant considered a number of names like Fido, Jet, Munich and Beethoven, but eventually, he just settled on "Dog" because as he once explained "He's a dog so we call him Dog." Columbo's dog liked to eat ice cream, watch TV, swim in the neighbor's pool and visit the beach. When Columbo sent his dog to obedience school hoping to improve the canine ("he just sits around the house and drools"), he was expelled because "he demoralizes the other students." Ray Berwick owned and trained Dog who in real life was called Henry. Henry had also appeared on the medical drama EMERGENCY/NBC/1972-77 as the the mascot for Los Angeles County Squad 51 firehouse who just sat about and yawned. TRIVIA NOTE: On the NBC produced episodes, Columbo's dog was originally called Fang. The spin-off series KATE LOVES A MYSTERY (MRS. COLUMBO)/NBC/1979 featured the wife of Detective Columbo, Kate Columbo (Kate Mulgrew) who owned a lazy basset hound dog named Whitefang. Dog (a.k.a. "Higgins") was also the name of the family pet on the sitcom PETTICOAT JUNCTION/CBS/1963-70. External Links	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,507,874	Which company's original brief to Brian Eno was to compose a piece of inspirational music to last 3.25 seconds?	��ࡱ�	TED Talks \| TED.com TED Talks 2300+ talks to stir your curiosity Find just the right one Browse all talks Subscribe to receive email notifications whenever new talks are published. Daily Please enter an email address. Please enter a valid email address. Did you mean ? Please check Daily or Weekly and try again. Please check your details and try again. Please check your details and try again. Sorry, we're currently having trouble processing new newsletter signups. Please try again later. Thanks! Please check your inbox for a confirmation email. If you want to get even more from TED, like the ability to save talks to watch later, sign up for a TED account now .	trivia_qa.jsonl

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