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Count of subsets of integers from 1 to N having no adjacent elements | Function to count subsets ; Driver Code
def count_subsets(N): """ Count of subsets of integers from 1 to N having no adjacent elements """ if (N <= 2): return N if (N == 3): return 2 DP = [0] * (N + 1) DP[0] = 0 DP[1] = 1 DP[2] = 2 DP[3] = 2 for i in range(4, N + 1): DP[i] = DP[i - 2] + DP[i...
Count the Arithmetic sequences in the Array of size at least 3 | Function to find all arithmetic sequences of size atleast 3 ; If array size is less than 3 ; Finding arithmetic subarray length ; To store all arithmetic subarray of length at least 3 ; Check if current element makes arithmetic sequence with previous two ...
def number_of_arithmetic_sequences(L, N): """ Count the Arithmetic sequences in the Array of size at least 3 """ if (N <= 2): return 0 count = 0 res = 0 for i in range(2, N): if ((L[i] - L[i - 1]) == (L[i - 1] - L[i - 2])): count += 1 else: cou...
Count triplet of indices ( i , j , k ) such that XOR of elements between [ i , j ) equals [ j , k ] | Function return the count of triplets having subarray XOR equal ; XOR value till i ; Count and ways array as defined above ; Using the formula stated ; Increase the frequency of x ; Add i + 1 to ways [ x ] for upcoming...
def count_of_triplets(a, n): """ Count triplet of indices ( i , j , k ) such that XOR of elements between [ i , j ) equals [ j , k ] """ answer = 0 x = 0 count = [0 for i in range(100005)] ways = [0 for i in range(100005)] for i in range(n): x ^= a[i] answer += count[x] *...
Count maximum occurrence of subsequence in string such that indices in subsequence is in A . P . | Python3 implementation to find the maximum occurrence of the subsequence such that the indices of characters are in arithmetic progression ; Function to find the maximum occurrence of the subsequence such that the indices...
import sys def maximum_occurrence(s): """ Count maximum occurrence of subsequence in string such that indices in subsequence is in A . P . """ n = len(s) freq = [0] * (26) dp = [[0 for i in range(26)]for j in range(26)] for i in range(n): c = (ord(s[i]) - ord('a')) for j in...
Shortest path with exactly k edges in a directed and weighted graph | Set 2 | Python3 implementation of the above approach ; Function to find the smallest path with exactly K edges ; Array to store dp ; Loop to solve DP ; Initialising next state ; Recurrence relation ; Returning final answer ; Driver code ; Input edges...
inf = 100000000 def sm_path(s, d, ed, n, k): """ Shortest path with exactly k edges in a directed and weighted graph """ dis = [inf] * (n + 1) dis[s] = 0 for i in range(k): dis1 = [inf] * (n + 1) for it in ed: dis1[it[1]] = min(dis1[it[1]], dis[it[0]] + it[2]) ...
Path with smallest product of edges with weight > 0 | Python3 implementation of the approach . ; Function to return the smallest product of edges ; If the source is equal to the destination ; Array to store distances ; Initialising the array ; Bellman ford algorithm ; Loop to detect cycle ; Returning final answer ; Dri...
import sys inf = sys .maxsize def bellman(s, d, ed, n): """ Path with smallest product of edges with weight > 0 """ if (s == d): return 0 dis = [0] * (n + 1) for i in range(1, n + 1): dis[i] = inf dis[s] = 1 for i in range(n - 1): for it in ed: dis[i...
Find Maximum Length Of A Square Submatrix Having Sum Of Elements At | Python3 implementation of the above approach ; Function to return maximum length of square submatrix having sum of elements at - most K ; Matrix to store prefix sum ; Current maximum length ; Variable for storing maximum length of square ; Calculatin...
import numpy as np def max_length_square(row, column, arr, k): """ Find Maximum Length Of A Square Submatrix Having Sum Of Elements At """ sum = np.zeros((row + 1, column + 1)) cur_max = 1 max = 0 for i in range(1, row + 1): for j in range(1, column + 1): sum[i][j] = su...
Sum of all numbers formed having 4 atmost X times , 5 atmost Y times and 6 atmost Z times | Python3 program to find sum of all numbers formed having 4 atmost X times , 5 atmost Y times and 6 atmost Z times ; exactsum [ i ] [ j ] [ k ] stores the sum of all the numbers having exact i 4 ' s , ▁ j ▁ 5' s and k 6 's ; exac...
import numpy as np N = 101 mod = int(1e9) + 7 exactsum = np.zeros((N, N, N)) exactnum = np.zeros((N, N, N)) def get_sum(x, y, z): """ Sum of all numbers formed having 4 atmost X times , 5 atmost Y times and 6 atmost Z times """ ans = 0 exactnum[0][0][0] = 1 for i in range(x + 1): for j...
Maximum value obtained by performing given operations in an Array | Python3 implementation of the above approach ; A function to calculate the maximum value ; basecases ; Loop to iterate and add the max value in the dp array ; Driver Code
import numpy as np def find_max(a, n): """ Maximum value obtained by performing given operations in an Array """ dp = np.zeros((n, 2)) dp[0][0] = a[0] + a[1] dp[0][1] = a[0] * a[1] for i in range(1, n - 1): dp[i][0] = max(dp[i - 1][0], dp[i - 1][1]) + a[i + 1] dp[i][1] = dp...
Find the minimum difference path from ( 0 , 0 ) to ( N | Python3 implementation of the approach ; Function to return the minimum difference path from ( 0 , 0 ) to ( N - 1 , M - 1 ) ; Terminating case ; Base case ; If it is already visited ; Recursive calls ; Return the value ; Driver code ; Function call
import numpy as np import sys MAXI = 50 INT_MAX = sys .maxsize dp = np.ones((MAXI, MAXI, MAXI * MAXI)) dp *= -1 def min_difference(x, y, k, b, c): """ Find the minimum difference path from ( 0 , 0 ) to ( N """ if (x >= n or y >= m): return INT_MAX if (x == n - 1 and y == m - 1): di...
Maximum possible array sum after performing the given operation | Function to return the maximum possible sum after performing the given operation ; Dp vector to store the answer ; Base value ; Return the maximum sum ; Driver code
def max_sum(a, n): """ Maximum possible array sum after performing the given operation """ dp = [[0 for i in range(2)]for j in range(n + 1)] dp[0][0] = 0 dp[0][1] = -999999 for i in range(0, n): dp[i + 1][0] = max(dp[i][0] + a[i], dp[i][1] - a[i]) dp[i + 1][1] = max(dp[i][0] ...
Find the number of ways to reach Kth step in stair case | Python3 implementation of the approach ; Function to return the number of ways to reach the kth step ; Create the dp array ; Broken steps ; Calculate the number of ways for the rest of the positions ; If it is a blocked position ; Number of ways to get to the it...
MOD = 1000000007 def number_of_ways(arr, n, k): """ Find the number of ways to reach Kth step in stair case """ if (k == 1): return 1 dp = [-1] * (k + 1) for i in range(n): dp[arr[i]] = 0 dp[0] = 1 dp[1] = 1 if (dp[1] == -1)else dp[1] for i in range(2, k + 1): ...
Minimum number of coins that can generate all the values in the given range | Python3 program to find minimum number of coins ; Function to find minimum number of coins ; Driver code
import math def find_count(n): """ Minimum number of coins that can generate all the values in the given range """ return int(math.log(n, 2)) + 1 N = 10 print(find_count(N))
Count number of ways to arrange first N numbers | Python3 implementation of the approach ; Function to return the count of required arrangements ; Create a vector ; Store numbers from 1 to n ; To store the count of ways ; Initialize flag to true if first element is 1 else false ; Checking if the current permutation sat...
from itertools import permutations def count_ways(n): """ Count number of ways to arrange first N numbers """ a = [] i = 1 while (i <= n): a.append(i) i += 1 ways = 0 flag = 1 if (per[0] == 1)else 0 for i in range(1, n): if (abs(per[i] - per[i - 1])...
Count number of ways to arrange first N numbers | Function to return the count of required arrangements ; Create the dp array ; Initialize the base cases as explained above ; ( 12 ) as the only possibility ; Generate answer for greater values ; dp [ n ] contains the desired answer ; Driver code
def count_ways(n): """ Count number of ways to arrange first N numbers """ dp = [0 for i in range(n + 1)] dp[0] = 0 dp[1] = 1 dp[2] = 1 for i in range(3, n + 1): dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 3] + 1 return dp[n] n = 6 print(count_ways(n))
Number of shortest paths to reach every cell from bottom | Function to find number of shortest paths ; Compute the grid starting from the bottom - left corner ; Print the grid ; Driver code ; Function call
def number_of_shortest_paths(n, m): """ Number of shortest paths to reach every cell from bottom """ a = [[0 for i in range(m)]for j in range(n)] for i in range(n): for j in range(m): a[i][j] = 0 i = n - 1 while (i >= 0): for j in range(m): if (j == 0 ...
Maximum sum combination from two arrays | Function to maximum sum combination from two arrays ; To store dp value ; For loop to calculate the value of dp ; Return the required answer ; Driver code ; Function call
def max__sum(arr1, arr2, n): """ Maximum sum combination from two arrays """ dp = [[0 for i in range(2)]for j in range(n)] for i in range(n): if (i == 0): dp[i][0] = arr1[i] dp[i][1] = arr2[i] continue else: dp[i][0] = max(dp[i - 1][0],...
Maximum sum of non | Python3 program to implement above approach ; Variable to store states of dp ; Variable to check if a given state has been solved ; Function to find the maximum sum subsequence such that no two elements are adjacent ; Base case ; To check if a state has been solved ; Variable to store prefix sum fo...
maxLen = 10 dp = [0] * maxLen visit = [0] * maxLen def max_sum(arr, i, n, k): """ Maximum sum of non """ if (i >= n): return 0 if (visit[i]): return dp[i] visit[i] = 1 tot = 0 dp[i] = max_sum(arr, i + 1, n, k) j = i while (j < i + k and j < n): tot += ar...
Minimize the sum after choosing elements from the given three arrays | Python3 implementation of the above approach ; Function to return the minimized sum ; If all the indices have been used ; If this value is pre - calculated then return its value from dp array instead of re - computing it ; If A [ i - 1 ] was chosen ...
import numpy as np SIZE = 3 N = 3 def min_sum(A, B, C, i, n, curr, dp): """ Minimize the sum after choosing elements from the given three arrays """ if (n <= 0): return 0 if (dp[n][curr] != -1): return dp[n][curr] if (curr == 0): dp[n][curr] = min( B[i] + ...
Find maximum topics to prepare in order to pass the exam | Python3 implementation of the approach ; Function to return the maximum marks by considering topics which can be completed in the given time duration ; If we are given 0 time then nothing can be done So all values are 0 ; If we are given 0 topics then the time ...
import numpy as np def maximum_marks(marksarr, timearr, h, n, p): """ Find maximum topics to prepare in order to pass the exam """ no_of_topics = n + 1 total_time = h + 1 T = np.zeros((no_of_topics, total_time)) for i in range(no_of_topics): T[i][0] = 0 for j in range(total_tim...
Minimize the number of steps required to reach the end of the array | Python3 implementation of the above approach ; variable to store states of dp ; variable to check if a given state has been solved ; Function to find the minimum number of steps required to reach the end of the array ; base case ; to check if a state...
maxLen = 10 maskLen = 130 dp = [[0 for i in range(maskLen)]for i in range(maxLen)] v = [[False for i in range(maskLen)]for i in range(maxLen)] def min_steps(arr, i, mask, n): """ Minimize the number of steps required to reach the end of the array """ if (i == n - 1): return 0 if (i > n - 1...
Minimum number of cubes whose sum equals to given number N | Function to return the minimum number of cubes whose sum is k ; If k is less than the 2 ^ 3 ; Initialize with the maximum number of cubes required ; Driver code
def min_of_cubed(k): """ Minimum number of cubes whose sum equals to given number N """ if (k < 8): return k res = k for i in range(1, k + 1): if ((i * i * i) > k): return res res = min(res, min_of_cubed(k - (i * i * i)) + 1) return res num = 15 print(mi...
Minimum number of cubes whose sum equals to given number N | Python implementation of the approach ; Function to return the minimum number of cubes whose sum is k ; While current perfect cube is less than current element ; If i is a perfect cube ; i = ( i - 1 ) + 1 ^ 3 ; Next perfect cube ; Re - initialization for next...
import sys def min_of_cubed_dp(k): """ Minimum number of cubes whose sum equals to given number N """ DP = [0] * (k + 1) j = 1 t = 1 DP[0] = 0 for i in range(1, k + 1): DP[i] = sys .maxsize while (j <= i): if (j == i): DP[i] = 1 e...
Maximum Subarray Sum after inverting at most two elements | Function to return the maximum required sub - array sum ; Creating one based indexing ; 2d array to contain solution for each step ; Case 1 : Choosing current or ( current + previous ) whichever is smaller ; Case 2 : ( a ) Altering sign and add to previous cas...
def max_sum(a, n): """ Maximum Subarray Sum after inverting at most two elements """ ans = 0 arr = [0] * (n + 1) for i in range(1, n + 1): arr[i] = a[i - 1] dp = [[0 for i in range(3)]for j in range(n + 1)] for i in range(0, n + 1): dp[i][0] = max(arr[i], dp[i - 1][0] + a...
Maximum sum possible for a sub | Function to return the maximum sum possible ; dp [ i ] represent the maximum sum so far after reaching current position i ; Initialize dp [ 0 ] ; Initialize the dp values till k since any two elements included in the sub - sequence must be atleast k indices apart , and thus first elemen...
def max_sum(arr, k, n): """ Maximum sum possible for a sub """ if (n == 0): return 0 if (n == 1): return arr[0] if (n == 2): return max(arr[0], arr[1]) dp = [0] * n dp[0] = arr[0] for i in range(1, k + 1): dp[i] = max(arr[i], dp[i - 1]) for i in ra...
Minimum cost to form a number X by adding up powers of 2 | Function to return the minimum cost ; Re - compute the array ; Add answers for set bits ; If bit is set ; Increase the counter ; Right shift the number ; Driver code
def minimum_cost(a, n, x): """ Minimum cost to form a number X by adding up powers of 2 """ for i in range(1, n, 1): a[i] = min(a[i], 2 * a[i - 1]) ind = 0 sum = 0 while (x): if (x & 1): sum += a[ind] ind += 1 x = x >> 1 return sum if __name_...
Ways to form an array having integers in given range such that total sum is divisible by 2 | Function to return the number of ways to form an array of size n such that sum of all elements is divisible by 2 ; Represents first and last numbers of each type ( modulo 0 and 1 ) ; Count of numbers of each type between range ...
def count_ways(n, l, r): """ Ways to form an array having integers in given range such that total sum is divisible by 2 """ tL, tR = l, r L = [0 for i in range(2)] R = [0 for i in range(2)] L[l % 2] = l R[r % 2] = r l += 1 r -= 1 if (l <= tR and r >= tL): L[l % 2], R[...
Color N boxes using M colors such that K boxes have different color from the box on its left | Python3 Program to Paint N boxes using M colors such that K boxes have color different from color of box on its left ; This function returns the required number of ways where idx is the current index and diff is number of box...
M = 1001 MOD = 998244353 dp = [[-1] * M] * M def solve(idx, diff, N, M, K): """ Color N boxes using M colors such that K boxes have different color from the box on its left """ if (idx > N): if (diff == K): return 1 return 0 if (dp[idx][diff] != -1): return dp[i...
Maximum path sum in an Inverted triangle | SET 2 | Python program implementation of Max sum problem in a triangle ; Function for finding maximum sum ; Loop for bottom - up calculation ; For each element , check both elements just below the number and below left to the number add the maximum of them to it ; Return the m...
N = 3 def max_path_sum(tri): """ Maximum path sum in an Inverted triangle """ ans = 0 for i in range(N - 2, -1, -1): for j in range(0, N - i): if (j - 1 >= 0): tri[i][j] += max(tri[i + 1][j], tri[i + 1][j - 1]) else: tri[i][j] += tri[...
Count no . of ordered subsets having a particular XOR value | Python 3 implementation of the approach ; Returns count of ordered subsets of arr [ ] with XOR value = K ; Find maximum element in arr [ ] ; Maximum possible XOR value ; The value of dp [ i ] [ j ] [ k ] is the number of subsets of length k having XOR of the...
from math import log2 def subset_xor(arr, n, K): """ Count no . of ordered subsets having a particular XOR value """ max_ele = arr[0] for i in range(1, n): if (arr[i] > max_ele): max_ele = arr[i] m = (1 << int(log2(max_ele) + 1)) - 1 dp = [[[0 for i in range(n + 1)]for ...
Possible cuts of a number such that maximum parts are divisible by 3 | Python3 program to find the maximum number of numbers divisible by 3 in a large number ; This will contain the count of the splits ; This will keep sum of all successive integers , when they are indivisible by 3 ; This is the condition of finding a ...
def get_max_splits(num_string): """ Possible cuts of a number such that maximum parts are divisible by 3 """ count = 0 running_sum = 0 for i in range(len(num_string)): current_num = int(num_string[i]) running_sum += current_num if current_num % 3 == 0 or (running_sum != 0...
Count of Numbers in Range where first digit is equal to last digit of the number | Python3 program to implement the above approach ; Base Case ; Calculating the last digit ; Calculating the first digit ; Driver Code
def solve(x): """ Count of Numbers in Range where first digit is equal to last digit of the number """ ans, temp = 0, x if (x < 10): return x last = x % 10 while (x): first = x % 10 x = x // 10 if (first <= last): ans = 9 + temp // 10 else: ans...
Form N | function returns the minimum cost to form a n - copy string Here , x -> Cost to add / remove a single character ' G ' and y -> cost to append the string to itself ; base case : ro form a 1 - copy string we need tp perform an operation of type 1 ( i , e Add ) ; case1 . Perform a Add operation on ( i - 1 ) copy ...
def find_minimum_cost(n, x, y): """ Form N """ dp = [0 for i in range(n + 1)] dp[1] = x for i in range(2, n + 1): if i & 1: dp[i] = min(dp[i - 1] + x, dp[(i + 1) // 2] + y + x) else: dp[i] = min(dp[i - 1] + x, dp[i // 2] + y) return dp[n] n, x, y = 4...
Number of ways to partition a string into two balanced subsequences | For maximum length of input string ; Declaring the DP table ; Declaring the prefix array ; Function to calculate the number of valid assignments ; Return 1 if X is balanced . ; Increment the count if it is an opening bracket ; Decrement the count if ...
MAX = 10 F = [[-1 for i in range(MAX)]for j in range(MAX)] C = [None] * MAX def no_of_assignments(S, n, i, c_x): """ Number of ways to partition a string into two balanced subsequences """ if F[i][c_x] != -1: return F[i][c_x] if i == n: F[i][c_x] = not c_x return F[i][c_x] ...
Minimum sum falling path in a NxN grid | Python3 Program to minimum required sum ; Function to return minimum path falling sum ; R = Row and C = Column We begin from second last row and keep adding maximum sum . ; best = min ( A [ R + 1 ] [ C - 1 ] , A [ R + 1 ] [ C ] , A [ R + 1 ] [ C + 1 ] ) ; Driver code ; function ...
import sys n = 3 def min_falling_path_sum(A): """ Minimum sum falling path in a NxN grid """ for R in range(n - 2, -1, -1): for C in range(n): best = A[R + 1][C] if C > 0: best = min(best, A[R + 1][C - 1]) if C + 1 < n: best =...
Find the maximum sum of Plus shape pattern in a 2 | Python 3 program to find the maximum value of a + shaped pattern in 2 - D array ; Function to return maximum Plus value ; Initializing answer with the minimum value ; Initializing all four arrays ; Initializing left and up array . ; Initializing right and down array ....
N = 100 n = 3 m = 4 def max_plus(arr): """ Find the maximum sum of Plus shape pattern in a 2 """ ans = 0 left = [[0 for x in range(N)]for y in range(N)] right = [[0 for x in range(N)]for y in range(N)] up = [[0 for x in range(N)]for y in range(N)] down = [[0 for x in range(N)]for y in ...
Total number of different staircase that can made from N boxes | Function to find the total number of different staircase that can made from N boxes ; DP table , there are two states . First describes the number of boxes and second describes the step ; Initialize all the elements of the table to zero ; Base case ; When...
def count_staircases(N): """ Total number of different staircase that can made from N boxes """ memo = [[0 for x in range(N + 5)]for y in range(N + 5)] for i in range(N + 1): for j in range(N + 1): memo[i][j] = 0 memo[3][2] = memo[4][2] = 1 for i in range(5, N + 1): ...
Find maximum points which can be obtained by deleting elements from array | function to return maximum cost obtained ; find maximum element of the array . ; create and initialize count of all elements to zero . ; calculate frequency of all elements of array . ; stores cost of deleted elements . ; selecting minimum rang...
def max_cost(a, n, l, r): """ Find maximum points which can be obtained by deleting elements from array """ mx = 0 for i in range(n): mx = max(mx, a[i]) count = [0] * (mx + 1) for i in range(n): count[a[i]] += 1 res = [0] * (mx + 1) res[0] = 0 l = min(l, r) fo...
Count the number of ways to traverse a Matrix | Returns The number of way from top - left to mat [ m - 1 ] [ n - 1 ] ; Return 1 if it is the first row or first column ; Recursively find the no of way to reach the last cell . ; Driver code
def count_paths(m, n): """ Count the number of ways to traverse a Matrix """ if m == 1 or n == 1: return 1 return (count_paths(m - 1, n) + count_paths(m, n - 1)) if __name__ == "__main__": n = 5 m = 5 print(count_paths(n, m))
Count the number of ways to traverse a Matrix | Returns The number of way from top - left to mat [ m - 1 ] [ n - 1 ] ; Driver code
def count_paths(m, n): """ Count the number of ways to traverse a Matrix """ dp = [[0 for i in range(m + 1)]for j in range(n + 1)] for i in range(1, m + 1): for j in range(1, n + 1): if (i == 1 or j == 1): dp[i][j] = 1 else: dp[i][j] = ...
Alternate Fibonacci Numbers | Alternate Fibonacci Series using Dynamic Programming ; 0 th and 1 st number of the series are 0 and 1 ; Driver Code
def alternate_fib(n): """ Alternate Fibonacci Numbers """ if (n < 0): return -1 f1 = 0 f2 = 1 print(f1, end=" ") for i in range(2, n + 1): f3 = f2 + f1 if (i % 2 == 0): print(f3, end=" ") f1 = f2 f2 = f3 N = 15 alternate_fib(N)
Number of ways to form an array with distinct adjacent elements | Returns the total ways to form arrays such that every consecutive element is different and each element except the first and last can take values from 1 to M ; define the dp [ ] [ ] array ; if the first element is 1 ; there is only one way to place a 1 a...
def total_ways(N, M, X): """ Number of ways to form an array with distinct adjacent elements """ dp = [[0 for i in range(2)]for j in range(N + 1)] if (X == 1): dp[0][0] = 1 else: dp[0][1] = 0 if (X == 1): dp[1][0] = 0 dp[1][1] = M - 1 else: dp[1][0...
Memoization ( 1D , 2D and 3D ) | Fibonacci Series using Recursion ; Base case ; recursive calls ; Driver Code
def fib(n): """ Memoization ( 1D , 2D and 3D ) """ if (n <= 1): return n return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2) if __name__ == '__main__': n = 6 print(fib(n))
Memoization ( 1D , 2D and 3D ) | Python program to find the Nth term of Fibonacci series ; Fibonacci Series using memoized Recursion ; base case ; if fib ( n ) has already been computed we do not do further recursive calls and hence reduce the number of repeated work ; store the computed value of fib ( n ) in an array ...
term = [0 for i in range(1000)] def fib(n): """ Memoization ( 1D , 2D and 3D ) """ if n <= 1: return n if term[n] != 0: return term[n] else: term[n] = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2) return term[n] n = 6 print(fib(n))
Memoization ( 1D , 2D and 3D ) | Returns length of LCS for X [ 0. . m - 1 ] , Y [ 0. . n - 1 ] ; Driver Code
def lcs(X, Y, m, n): """ Memoization ( 1D , 2D and 3D ) """ if (m == 0 or n == 0): return 0 if (X[m - 1] == Y[n - 1]): return 1 + lcs(X, Y, m - 1, n - 1) else: return max(lcs(X, Y, m, n - 1), lcs(X, Y, m - 1, n)) if __name__ == '__main__': X = "AGGTAB" Y = "GXTX...
Print Fibonacci sequence using 2 variables | Simple Python3 Program to print Fibonacci sequence ; Driver code
def fib(n): """ Print Fibonacci sequence using 2 variables """ a = 0 b = 1 if (n >= 0): print(a, end=' ') if (n >= 1): print(b, end=' ') for i in range(2, n + 1): c = a + b print(c, end=' ') a = b b = c fib(9)
Maximum sum increasing subsequence from a prefix and a given element after prefix is must | Python3 program to find maximum sum increasing subsequence till i - th index and including k - th index . ; Initializing the first row of the dp [ ] [ ] ; Creating the dp [ ] [ ] matrix . ; To calculate for i = 4 and k = 6. ; Dr...
def pre_compute(a, n, index, k): """ Maximum sum increasing subsequence from a prefix and a given element after prefix is must """ dp = [[0 for i in range(n)]for i in range(n)] for i in range(n): if a[i] > a[0]: dp[0][i] = a[i] + a[0] else: dp[0][i] = a[i] ...
Longest Common Substring ( Space optimized DP solution ) | Space optimized Python3 implementation of longest common substring . ; Function to find longest common substring . ; Find length of both the strings . ; Variable to store length of longest common substring . ; Matrix to store result of two consecutive rows at a...
import numpy as np def lc_sub_str(X, Y): """ Longest Common Substring ( Space optimized DP solution ) """ m = len(X) n = len(Y) result = 0 len_mat = np.zeros((2, n)) currRow = 0 for i in range(m): for j in range(n): if (i == 0 j == 0): len_mat[cu...
Minimal moves to form a string by adding characters or appending string itself | Python program to print the Minimal moves to form a string by appending string and adding characters ; function to return the minimal number of moves ; initializing dp [ i ] to INT_MAX ; initialize both strings to null ; base case ; check ...
INT_MAX = 100000000 def minimal_steps(s, n): """ Minimal moves to form a string by adding characters or appending string itself """ dp = [INT_MAX for i in range(n)] s1 = "" s2 = "" dp[0] = 1 s1 += s[0] for i in range(1, n): s1 += s[i] s2 = s[i + 1:i + 1 + i + 1] ...
Check if any valid sequence is divisible by M | Function to check if any valid sequence is divisible by M ; DEclare mod array ; Calculate the mod array ; Check if sum is divisible by M ; Check if sum is not divisible by 2 ; Remove the first element from the ModArray since it is not possible to place minus on the first ...
def func(n, m, A): """ Check if any valid sequence is divisible by M """ ModArray = [0] * n Sum = 0 for i in range(n): ModArray[i] = A[i] % m Sum += ModArray[i] Sum = Sum % m if (Sum % m == 0): print("True") return if (Sum % 2 != 0): print("Fal...
Golomb sequence | Print the first n term of Golomb Sequence ; base cases ; Finding and pring first n terms of Golomb Sequence . ; Driver Code
def golomb(n): """ golomb sequence """ dp = [0] * (n + 1) dp[1] = 1 print(dp[1], end=" ") for i in range(2, n + 1): dp[i] = 1 + dp[i - dp[dp[i - 1]]] print(dp[i], end=" ") n = 9 golomb(n)
Balanced expressions such that given positions have opening brackets | Python 3 code to find number of ways of arranging bracket with proper expressions ; function to calculate the number of proper bracket sequence ; hash array to mark the positions of opening brackets ; dp 2d array ; mark positions in hash array ; fir...
N = 1000 def arrange_braces(n, pos, k): """ Balanced expressions such that given positions have opening brackets """ h = [False for i in range(N)] dp = [[0 for i in range(N)]for i in range(N)] for i in range(k): h[pos[i]] = 1 dp[0][0] = 1 for i in range(1, 2 * n + 1): f...
Maximum difference of zeros and ones in binary string | Set 2 ( O ( n ) time ) | Returns the length of substring with maximum difference of zeroes and ones in binary string ; traverse a binary string from left to right ; add current value to the current_sum according to the Character if it ' s ▁ ' 0 ' add 1 else -1 ; u...
def find_length(string, n): """ Maximum difference of zeros and ones in binary string """ current_sum = 0 max_sum = 0 for i in range(n): current_sum += (1 if string[i] == '0'else -1) if current_sum < 0: current_sum = 0 max_sum = max(current_sum, max_sum) r...
Number of decimal numbers of length k , that are strict monotone | Python3 program to count numbers of k digits that are strictly monotone . ; DP [ i ] [ j ] is going to store monotone numbers of length i + 1 considering j + 1 digits ( 1 , 2 , 3 , . .9 ) ; Unit length numbers ; Building dp [ ] in bottom up ; Driver cod...
DP_s = 9 def get_num_strict_monotone(ln): """ Number of decimal numbers of length k , that are strict monotone """ DP = [[0] * DP_s for _ in range(ln)] for i in range(DP_s): DP[0][i] = i + 1 for i in range(1, ln): for j in range(1, DP_s): DP[i][j] = DP[i - 1][j - 1]...
Count ways to divide circle using N non | python code to count ways to divide circle using N non - intersecting chords . ; n = no of points required ; dp array containing the sum ; returning the required number ; driver code
def chord_cnt(A): """ Count ways to divide circle using N non """ n = 2 * A dpArray = [0] * (n + 1) dpArray[0] = 1 dpArray[2] = 1 for i in range(4, n + 1, 2): for j in range(0, i - 1, 2): dpArray[i] += (dpArray[j] * dpArray[i - 2 - j]) return int(dpArray[n]) N =...
Check for possible path in 2D matrix | Python3 program to find if there is path from top left to right bottom ; to find the path from top left to bottom right ; set arr [ 0 ] [ 0 ] = 1 ; Mark reachable ( from top left ) nodes in first row and first column . ; Mark reachable nodes in remaining matrix . ; return yes if r...
row = 5 col = 5 def is_path(arr): """ Check for possible path in 2D matrix """ arr[0][0] = 1 for i in range(1, row): if (arr[i][0] != -1): arr[i][0] = arr[i - 1][0] for j in range(1, col): if (arr[0][j] != -1): arr[0][j] = arr[0][j - 1] for i in rang...
Newmanâ €“ Shanksâ €“ Williams prime | return nth NewmanaShanksaWilliams prime ; Base case ; Recursive step ; Driven Program
def nswp(n): """ Newmanâ €" Shanksâ €" Williams prime """ if n == 0 or n == 1: return 1 return 2 * nswp(n - 1) + nswp(n - 2) n = 3 print(nswp(n))
Newman Shanks Williams prime | return nth Newman Shanks Williams prime ; Base case ; Finding nth Newman Shanks Williams prime ; Driver Code
def nswp(n): """ Newman Shanks Williams prime """ dp = [1 for x in range(n + 1)] for i in range(2, n + 1): dp[i] = (2 * dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2]) return dp[n] n = 3 print(nswp(n))
Number of ways to insert a character to increase the LCS by one | Python Program to Number of ways to insert a character to increase LCS by one ; Return the Number of ways to insert a character to increase the Longest Common Subsequence by one ; Insert all positions of all characters in string B ; Longest Common Subseq...
MAX = 256 def numberofways(A, B, N, M): """ Number of ways to insert a character to increase the LCS by one """ pos = [[]for _ in range(MAX)] for i in range(M): pos[ord(B[i])].append(i + 1) dpl = [[0] * (M + 2)for _ in range(N + 2)] for i in range(1, N + 1): for j in range(...
Given a large number , check if a subsequence of digits is divisible by 8 | Function to calculate any permutation divisible by 8. If such permutation exists , the function will return that permutation else it will return - 1 ; Generating all possible permutations and checking if any such permutation is divisible by 8 ;...
def is_sub_seq_divisible(st): """ Given a large number , check if a subsequence of digits is divisible by 8 """ l = len(st) arr = [int(ch)for ch in st] for i in range(0, l): for j in range(i, l): for k in range(j, l): if (arr[i] % 8 == 0): ...
Length of Longest Balanced Subsequence | Python3 program to find length of the longest balanced subsequence ; Considering all balanced substrings of length 2 ; Considering all other substrings ; Driver Code
def max_length(s, n): """ Length of Longest Balanced Subsequence """ dp = [[0 for i in range(n)]for i in range(n)] for i in range(n - 1): if (s[i] == '(' and s[i + 1] == ')'): dp[i][i + 1] = 2 for l in range(2, n): i = -1 for j in range(l, n): i +=...
Maximum sum bitonic subarray | Function to find the maximum sum bitonic subarray . ; to store the maximum sum bitonic subarray ; Find the longest increasing subarray starting at i . ; Now we know that a [ i . . j ] is an increasing subarray . Remove non - positive elements from the left side as much as possible . ; Fin...
def max_sum_bitonic_sub_arr(arr, n): """ Maximum sum bitonic subarray """ max_sum = -10 ** 9 i = 0 while (i < n): j = i while (j + 1 < n and arr[j] < arr[j + 1]): j += 1 while (i < j and arr[i] <= 0): i += 1 k = j while (k + 1 < n a...
Smallest sum contiguous subarray | Python program to find the smallest sum contiguous subarray ; function to find the smallest sum contiguous subarray ; to store the minimum value that is ending up to the current index ; to store the minimum value encountered so far ; traverse the array elements ; if min_ending_here > ...
import sys def smallest_sum_subarr(arr, n): """ Smallest sum contiguous subarray """ min_ending_here = sys .maxsize min_so_far = sys .maxsize for i in range(n): if (min_ending_here > 0): min_ending_here = arr[i] else: min_ending_here += arr[i] mi...
Paper Cut into Minimum Number of Squares | Set 2 | Python3 program to find minimum number of squares to cut a paper using Dynamic Programming ; Returns min number of squares needed ; Initializing max values to vertical_min and horizontal_min ; N = 11 & M = 13 is a special case ; If the given rectangle is already a squa...
MAX = 300 dp = [[0 for i in range(MAX)]for i in range(MAX)] def minimum_square(m, n): """ Paper Cut into Minimum Number of Squares """ vertical_min = 10000000000 horizontal_min = 10000000000 if n == 13 and m == 11: return 6 if m == 13 and n == 11: return 6 if m == n: ...
Painting Fence Algorithm | Returns count of ways to color k posts using k colors ; There are k ways to color first post ; There are 0 ways for single post to violate ( same color_ and k ways to not violate ( different color ) ; Fill for 2 posts onwards ; Current same is same as previous diff ; We always have k - 1 choi...
def count_ways(n, k): """ Painting Fence Algorithm """ total = k mod = 1000000007 same, diff = 0, k for i in range(2, n + 1): same = diff diff = total * (k - 1) diff = diff % mod total = (same + diff) % mod return total if __name__ == "__main__": n, ...
Sum of all substrings of a string representing a number | Set 2 ( Constant Extra Space ) | Returns sum of all substring of num ; Initialize result ; Here traversing the array in reverse order . Initializing loop from last element . mf is multiplying factor . ; Each time sum is added to its previous sum . Multiplying th...
def sum_of_substrings(num): """ Sum of all substrings of a string representing a number """ sum = 0 mf = 1 for i in range(len(num) - 1, -1, -1): sum = sum + (int(num[i])) * (i + 1) * mf mf = mf * 10 + 1 return sum if __name__ == '__main__': num = "6759" ...
Largest sum subarray with at | Returns maximum sum of a subarray with at - least k elements . ; maxSum [ i ] is going to store maximum sum till index i such that a [ i ] is part of the sum . ; We use Kadane 's algorithm to fill maxSum[] Below code is taken from method3 of https:www.geeksforgeeks.org/largest-sum-conti...
def max_sum_with_k(a, n, k): """ Largest sum subarray with at """ maxSum = [0 for i in range(n)] maxSum[0] = a[0] curr_max = a[0] for i in range(1, n): curr_max = max(a[i], curr_max + a[i]) maxSum[i] = curr_max sum = 0 for i in range(k): sum += a[i] result...
Sequences of given length where every element is more than or equal to twice of previous | Recursive function to find the number of special sequences ; A special sequence cannot exist if length n is more than the maximum value m . ; If n is 0 , found an empty special sequence ; There can be two possibilities : ( 1 ) Re...
def get_total_number_of_sequences(m, n): """ Sequences of given length where every element is more than or equal to twice of previous """ if m < n: return 0 if n == 0: return 1 res = (get_total_number_of_sequences(m - 1, n) + get_total_number_of_sequences(m // 2, n - 1...
Sequences of given length where every element is more than or equal to twice of previous | DP based function to find the number of special sequence ; define T and build in bottom manner to store number of special sequences of length n and maximum value m ; Base case : If length of sequence is 0 or maximum value is 0 , ...
def get_total_number_of_sequences(m, n): """ Sequences of given length where every element is more than or equal to twice of previous """ T = [[0 for i in range(n + 1)]for i in range(m + 1)] for i in range(m + 1): for j in range(n + 1): if i == 0 or j == 0: T[i][j...
Clustering / Partitioning an array such that sum of square differences is minimum | Python3 program to find minimum cost k partitions of array . ; Returns minimum cost of partitioning a [ ] in k clusters . ; Create a dp [ ] [ ] table and initialize all values as infinite . dp [ i ] [ j ] is going to store optimal parti...
inf = 1000000000 def min_cost(a, n, k): """ Clustering / Partitioning an array such that sum of square differences is minimum """ dp = [[inf for i in range(k + 1)]for j in range(n + 1)] dp[0][0] = 0 for i in range(1, n + 1): for j in range(1, k + 1): for m in range(i - 1, -...
Temple Offerings | Returns minimum offerings required ; Go through all templs one by one ; Go to left while height keeps increasing ; Go to right while height keeps increasing ; This temple should offer maximum of two values to follow the rule . ; Driver Code
def offering_number(n, templeHeight): """ Temple Offerings """ for i in range(n): left = 0 right = 0 for j in range(i - 1, -1, -1): if (templeHeight[j] < templeHeight[j + 1]): left += 1 else: break for j in range(i +...
Subset with sum divisible by m | Returns true if there is a subset of arr [ ] with sum divisible by m ; This array will keep track of all the possible sum ( after modulo m ) which can be made using subsets of arr [ ] initialising boolean array with all false ; we 'll loop through all the elements of arr[] ; anytime we ...
def modular_sum(arr, n, m): """ Subset with sum divisible by m """ if (n > m): return True DP = [False for i in range(m)] for i in range(n): if (DP[0]): return True temp = [False for i in range(m)] for j in range(m): if (DP[j]): ...
Maximum sum of a path in a Right Number Triangle | tri [ ] [ ] is a 2D array that stores the triangle , n is number of lines or rows . ; Adding the element of row 1 to both the elements of row 2 to reduce a step from the loop ; Traverse remaining rows ; Loop to traverse columns ; tri [ i ] would store the possible comb...
def max_sum(tri, n): """ Maximum sum of a path in a Right Number Triangle """ if n > 1: tri[1][1] = tri[1][1] + tri[0][0] tri[1][0] = tri[1][0] + tri[0][0] for i in range(2, n): tri[i][0] = tri[i][0] + tri[i - 1][0] tri[i][i] = tri[i][i] + tri[i - 1][i - 1] fo...
Modify array to maximize sum of adjacent differences | Returns maximum - difference - sum with array modifications allowed . ; Initialize dp [ ] [ ] with 0 values . ; for [ i + 1 ] [ 0 ] ( i . e . current modified value is 1 ) , choose maximum from dp [ i ] [ 0 ] + abs ( 1 - 1 ) = dp [ i ] [ 0 ] and dp [ i ] [ 1 ] + ab...
def maximum_difference_sum(arr, N): """ Modify array to maximize sum of adjacent differences """ dp = [[0, 0]for i in range(N)] for i in range(N): dp[i][0] = dp[i][1] = 0 for i in range(N - 1): dp[i + 1][0] = max(dp[i][0], dp[i][1] + abs(1 - arr[i])) dp[i + 1][1] = max(dp...
Count of subarrays whose maximum element is greater than k | Return number of subarrays whose maximum element is less than or equal to K . ; To store count of subarrays with all elements less than or equal to k . ; Traversing the array . ; If element is greater than k , ignore . ; Counting the subarray length whose eac...
def count_subarray(arr, n, k): """ Count of subarrays whose maximum element is greater than k """ s = 0 i = 0 while (i < n): if (arr[i] > k): i = i + 1 continue count = 0 while (i < n and arr[i] <= k): i = i + 1 count = coun...
Maximum subsequence sum such that no three are consecutive | Python3 program to find the maximum sum such that no three are consecutive using recursion . ; Returns maximum subsequence sum such that no three elements are consecutive ; 3 Base cases ( process first three elements ) ; Process rest of the elements We have t...
arr = [100, 1000, 100, 1000, 1] sum = [-1] * 10000 def max_sum_wo3_consec(n): """ Maximum subsequence sum such that no three are consecutive """ if (sum[n] != -1): return sum[n] if (n == 0): sum[n] = 0 return sum[n] if (n == 1): sum[n] = arr[0] return su...
Maximum sum of pairs with specific difference | Method to return maximum sum we can get by finding less than K difference pairs ; Sort elements to ensure every i and i - 1 is closest possible pair ; To get maximum possible sum , iterate from largest to smallest , giving larger numbers priority over smaller numbers . ; ...
def max_sum_pair_with_difference_less_than_k(arr, N, k): """ Maximum sum of pairs with specific difference """ maxSum = 0 arr.sort() i = N - 1 while (i > 0): if (arr[i] - arr[i - 1] < k): maxSum += arr[i] maxSum += arr[i - 1] i -= 1 i -= 1 ...
Count digit groupings of a number with given constraints | Function to find the subgroups ; Terminating Condition ; sum of digits ; Traverse all digits from current position to rest of the length of string ; If forward_sum is greater than the previous sum , then call the method again ; Note : We pass current sum as pre...
def count_groups(position, previous_sum, length, num): """ Count digit groupings of a number with given constraints """ if (position == length): return 1 res = 0 sum = 0 for i in range(position, length): sum = sum + int(num[i]) if (sum >= previous_sum): re...
Count digit groupings of a number with given constraints | Maximum length of input number string ; A memoization table to store results of subproblems length of string is 40 and maximum sum will be 9 * 40 = 360. ; Function to find the count of splits with given condition ; Terminating Condition ; If already evaluated f...
MAX = 40 dp = [[-1 for i in range(9 * MAX + 1)]for i in range(MAX)] def count_groups(position, previous_sum, length, num): """ Count digit groupings of a number with given constraints """ if (position == length): return 1 if (dp[position][previous_sum] != -1): return dp[position][p...
A Space Optimized DP solution for 0 | val [ ] is for storing maximum profit for each weight wt [ ] is for storing weights n number of item W maximum capacity of bag dp [ W + 1 ] to store final result ; initially profit with 0 to W KnapSack capacity is 0 ; iterate through all items ; traverse dp array from right to left...
def knap_sack(val, wt, n, W): """ A Space Optimized DP solution for 0 """ dp = [0] * (W + 1) for i in range(n): for j in range(W, wt[i], -1): dp[j] = max(dp[j], val[i] + dp[j - wt[i]]) return dp[W] val = [7, 8, 4] wt = [3, 8, 6] W = 10 n = 3 print(knap_sack(val, wt, n, W))
Find number of times a string occurs as a subsequence in given string | Iterative DP function to find the number of times the second string occurs in the first string , whether continuous or discontinuous ; Create a table to store results of sub - problems ; If first string is empty ; If second string is empty ; Fill l...
def count(a, b): """ Find number of times a string occurs as a subsequence in given string """ m = len(a) n = len(b) lookup = [[0] * (n + 1)for i in range(m + 1)] for i in range(n + 1): lookup[0][i] = 0 for i in range(m + 1): lookup[i][0] = 1 for i in range(1, m + 1):...
Longest Geometric Progression | Returns length of the longest GP subset of sett [ ] ; Base cases ; let us sort the sett first ; An entry L [ i ] [ j ] in this table stores LLGP with sett [ i ] and sett [ j ] as first two elements of GP and j > i . ; Initialize result ( A single element is always a GP ) ; Initialize val...
def len_of_longest_gp(sett, n): """ Longest Geometric Progression """ if n < 2: return n if n == 2: return 2 if (sett[1] % sett[0] == 0)else 1 sett.sort() L = [[0 for i in range(n)]for i in range(n)] llgp = 1 for i in range(0, n - 1): if sett[n - 1] % sett[i] ...
A Space Optimized Solution of LCS | Returns length of LCS for X [ 0. . m - 1 ] , Y [ 0. . n - 1 ] ; Find lengths of two strings ; Binary index , used to index current row and previous row . ; Compute current binary index ; Last filled entry contains length of LCS for X [ 0. . n - 1 ] and Y [ 0. . m - 1 ] ; Driver Code
def lcs(X, Y): """ A Space Optimized Solution of LCS """ m = len(X) n = len(Y) L = [[0 for i in range(n + 1)]for j in range(2)] bi = bool for i in range(m): bi = i & 1 for j in range(n + 1): if (i == 0 or j == 0): L[bi][j] = 0 elif ...
Count number of subsets having a particular XOR value | Python 3 arr dynamic programming solution to finding the number of subsets having xor of their elements as k ; Returns count of subsets of arr [ ] with XOR value equals to k . ; Find maximum element in arr [ ] ; Maximum possible XOR value ; Initializing all the va...
import math def subset_xor(arr, n, k): """ Count number of subsets having a particular XOR value """ max_ele = arr[0] for i in range(1, n): if arr[i] > max_ele: max_ele = arr[i] m = (1 << (int)(math.log2(max_ele) + 1)) - 1 if (k > m): return 0 dp = [[0 for i in ...
Partition a set into two subsets such that the difference of subset sums is minimum | A Recursive Python3 program to solve minimum sum partition problem . ; Returns the minimum value of the difference of the two sets . ; Calculate sum of all elements ; Create an 2d list to store results of subproblems ; Initialize firs...
import sys def find_min(a, n): """ Partition a set into two subsets such that the difference of subset sums is minimum """ su = 0 su = sum(a) dp = [[0 for i in range(su + 1)]for j in range(n + 1)] for i in range(n + 1): dp[i][0] = True for j in range(1, su + 1): dp[0][j...
Find number of solutions of a linear equation of n variables | Recursive function that returns count of solutions for given rhs value and coefficients coeff [ stat ... end ] ; Base case ; Initialize count of solutions ; One by one subtract all smaller or equal coefficients and recur ; Driver Code
def count_sol(coeff, start, end, rhs): """ Find number of solutions of a linear equation of n variables """ if (rhs == 0): return 1 result = 0 for i in range(start, end + 1): if (coeff[i] <= rhs): result += count_sol(coeff, i, end, rhs - coeff[i]) return result ...
Minimum steps to reach a destination | python program to count number of steps to reach a point ; source -> source vertex step -> value of last step taken dest -> destination vertex ; base cases ; if we go on positive side ; if we go on negative side ; minimum of both cases ; Driver Code
import sys def steps(source, step, dest): """ Minimum steps to reach a destination """ if (abs(source) > (dest)): return sys .maxsize if (source == dest): return step pos = steps(source + step + 1, step + 1, dest) neg = steps(source - step - 1, step + 1, dest) return mi...
Longest Common Substring | DP | Function to find the length of the longest LCS ; Create DP table ; Driver Code ; Function call
def lc_sub_str(s, t, n, m): """ Longest Common Substring """ dp = [[0 for i in range(m + 1)]for j in range(2)] res = 0 for i in range(1, n + 1): for j in range(1, m + 1): if (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]): dp[i % 2][j] = dp[(i - 1) % 2][j - 1] + 1 if (...
Longest Common Substring | DP | Returns length of function for longest common substring of X [ 0. . m - 1 ] and Y [ 0. . n - 1 ] ; Driver code
def lcs(i, j, count): """ Longest Common Substring """ if (i == 0 or j == 0): return count if (X[i - 1] == Y[j - 1]): count = lcs(i - 1, j - 1, count + 1) count = max(count, max(lcs(i, j - 1, 0), lcs(i - 1, j, 0))) return count if __name__ == "__main__": X = "abcdxyz" ...
Make Array elements equal by replacing adjacent elements with their XOR | Function to check if it is possible to make all the array elements equal using the given operation ; Stores the XOR of all elements of array A [ ] ; Case 1 , check if the XOR of the array A [ ] is 0 ; Maintains the XOR till the current element ; ...
def possible_equal_array(A, N): """ Make Array elements equal by replacing adjacent elements with their XOR """ tot_XOR = 0 for i in range(N): tot_XOR ^= A[i] if (tot_XOR == 0): print("YES") return cur_XOR = 0 cnt = 0 for i in range(N): cur_XOR ^= A[i]...
Count of palindromes that can be obtained by concatenating equal length prefix and substrings | Function to calculate the number of palindromes ; Calculation of Z - array ; Calculation of sigma ( Z [ i ] + 1 ) ; return the count ; Given String
def count_palindrome(S): """ Count of palindromes that can be obtained by concatenating equal length prefix and substrings """ N = len(S) Z = [0] * N l = 0 r = 0 for i in range(1, N): if i <= r: Z[i] = min(r - i + 1, Z[i - 1]) while ((i + Z[i]) < N and (S[Z[i]...
Extract substrings between any pair of delimiters | Function to print strings present between any pair of delimeters ; Stores the indices ; If opening delimeter is encountered ; If closing delimeter is encountered ; Extract the position of opening delimeter ; Length of substring ; Extract the substring ; Driver Code
def print_subs_in_delimeters(string): """ Extract substrings between any pair of delimiters """ dels = [] for i in range(len(string)): if (string[i] == '['): dels.append(i) elif (string[i] == ']' and len(dels) != 0): pos = dels[-1] dels.pop() ...
Print matrix elements from top | Function to traverse the matrix diagonally upwards ; Store the number of rows ; Initialize queue ; Push the index of first element i . e . , ( 0 , 0 ) ; Get the front element ; Pop the element at the front ; Insert the element below if the current element is in first column ; Insert the...
def print_diagonal_traversal(nums): """ Print matrix elements from top """ m = len(nums) q = [] q.append([0, 0]) while (len(q) != 0): p = q[0] q.pop(0) print(nums[p[0]][p[1]], end=" ") if (p[1] == 0 and p[0] + 1 < m): q.append([p[0] + 1, p[1]]) ...
Check if a number starts with another number or not | Function to check if B is a prefix of A or not ; Convert numbers into strings ; Find the length of s1 and s2 ; Base case ; Traverse the string s1 and s2 ; If at any index characters are unequal then return False ; Return true ; Driver code ; Given numbers ; Function...
def checkprefix(A, B): """ Check if a number starts with another number or not """ s1 = str(A) s2 = str(B) n1 = len(s1) n2 = len(s2) if n1 < n2: return False for i in range(0, n2): if s1[i] != s2[i]: return False return True if __name__ == '__main__'...
Check if it is possible to reach ( x , y ) from origin in exactly Z steps using only plus movements | Function to check if it is possible to reach ( x , y ) from origin in exactly z steps ; Condition if we can 't reach in Z steps ; Driver Code ; Destination pocoordinate ; Number of steps allowed ; Function call
def possible_to_reach(x, y, z): """ Check if it is possible to reach ( x , y ) from origin in exactly Z steps using only plus movements """ if (z < abs(x) + abs(y) or (z - abs(x) - abs(y)) % 2): print("Not Possible") else: print("Possible") if __name__ == '__main__': x = 5 ...
Number of cycles in a Polygon with lines from Centroid to Vertices | Function to find the Number of Cycles ; Driver code
def n_cycle(N): """ Number of cycles in a Polygon with lines from Centroid to Vertices """ return (N) * (N - 1) + 1 N = 4 print(n_cycle(N))
Count of total Heads and Tails after N flips in a coin | Function to find count of head and tail ; Check if initially all the coins are facing towards head ; Check if initially all the coins are facing towards tail ; Driver Code
import math def count_ht(s, N): """ Count of total Heads and Tails after N flips in a coin """ if s == "H": h = math.floor(N / 2) t = math.ceil(N / 2) elif s == "T": h = math.ceil(N / 2) t = math.floor(N / 2) return [h, t] if __name__ == "__main__": C = "H...
Find Nth term of the series 2 , 3 , 10 , 15 , 26. ... | Function to find Nth term ; Nth term ; Driver Method
def nth_term(N): """ Find Nth term of the series 2 , 3 , 10 , 15 , 26. ... """ nth = 0 if (N % 2 == 1): nth = (N * N) + 1 else: nth = (N * N) - 1 return nth if __name__ == "__main__": N = 5 print(nth_term(N))
Find the Nth term in series 12 , 35 , 81 , 173 , 357 , ... | Function to find Nth term ; Nth term ; Driver Method
def nth_term(N): """ Find the Nth term in series 12 , 35 , 81 , 173 , 357 , ... """ nth = 0 first_term = 12 nth = (first_term * (pow(2, N - 1))) + 11 * ((pow(2, N - 1)) - 1) return nth if __name__ == "__main__": N = 5 print(nth_term(N))
Find Nth term of the series 4 , 2 , 2 , 3 , 6 , ... | Function to find Nth term ; Nth term ; Driver code
def nth_term(N): """ Find Nth term of the series 4 , 2 , 2 , 3 , 6 , ... """ nth = 0 first_term = 4 pi = 1 po = 1 n = N while (n > 1): pi *= n - 1 n -= 1 po *= 2 nth = (first_term * pi) // po return nth if __name__ == "__main__": N = 5 print(...