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Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: ValueError
Message: Invalid string class label LJ-TTS@92bbb8c9efd1edd2ea3c65fc265a247c9028a7e5
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1537, in _prepare_split_single
example = self.info.features.encode_example(record) if self.info.features is not None else record
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/features/features.py", line 2162, in encode_example
return encode_nested_example(self, example)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/features/features.py", line 1446, in encode_nested_example
{k: encode_nested_example(schema[k], obj.get(k), level=level + 1) for k in schema}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/features/features.py", line 1469, in encode_nested_example
return schema.encode_example(obj) if obj is not None else None
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/features/features.py", line 1144, in encode_example
example_data = self.str2int(example_data)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/features/features.py", line 1081, in str2int
output = [self._strval2int(value) for value in values]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/features/features.py", line 1102, in _strval2int
raise ValueError(f"Invalid string class label {value}")
ValueError: Invalid string class label LJ-TTS@92bbb8c9efd1edd2ea3c65fc265a247c9028a7e5
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1369, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
builder, max_dataset_size_bytes=max_dataset_size_bytes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 948, in stream_convert_to_parquet
builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1382, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
gen_kwargs=gen_kwargs, job_id=job_id, **_prepare_split_args
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
):
^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1560, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
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YAML Metadata Warning:empty or missing yaml metadata in repo card
Check out the documentation for more information.
LJ-TTS: A Paired Real and Synthetic Speech Dataset for Single-Speaker TTS Analysis
LJ-TTS is a large-scale dataset containing real human speech and synthetic speech generated by 11 state-of-the-art text-to-speech (TTS) models.
The dataset is designed to support research in speech synthesis, deepfake detection, speech analysis, and comparative evaluation of generative models under a controlled single-speaker setting.
By providing utterance-level alignment between real and synthetic samples, LJ-TTS enables fine-grained comparisons across TTS architectures, isolating synthesis differences without the confounding effect of speaker variability.
The dataset supports systematic analyses across multiple dimensions, including source attribution, phoneme-level acoustic studies, and robustness evaluations of synthetic speech detectors.
π Key Features
Single-speaker design
Ensures controlled comparisons without multi-speaker variation.Real + Synthetic speech pairs
Each utterance in the REAL folder has corresponding synthesized versions from all TTS systems.11 diverse TTS models
Spanning both autoregressive and non-autoregressive architectures.1:1 alignment
Matching filenames and transcriptions across real and synthetic speech enable:- deepfake detection
- spoofing analysis
- model source tracing
- perceptual evaluation
- phoneme-level studies
- benchmarking and reproducible comparisons
High-quality data
Built upon clean recordings of Linda Jonhson (LJSpeech).
π Dataset Structure
Extract LJ-TTS.zip.
Each subfolder (real data folder, plus individual TTS folders) contains audio files with identical filenames, enabling direct pairing.
π Citation and License
If you use LJ-TTS in your work, please cite:
@misc{negroni2025ljtts,
title = {LJ-TTS: A Paired Real and Synthetic Speech Dataset for Single-Speaker TTS Analysis},
author = {Negroni, Viola and Salvi, Davide and Comanducci, Luca and Majid Wani, Taiba and Uecker, Madleen and Amerini, Irene and Tubaro, Stefano and Bestagini, Paolo},
year = {2025}
}
This dataset is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
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