id stringlengths 9 18 | question stringlengths 4 4.81k | choices listlengths 2 13 | full_answer stringlengths 4 180 | dataset stringclasses 5
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
aquarat_36299 | If (a – b) is 9 more than (c + d) and (a + b) is 3 less than (c – d), then (a – c) is: | [
"6",
"2",
"3",
"4",
"5"
] | C. 3 | aquarat |
aquarat_2154 | Two stations P and Q are 200 km apart on a straight track. One train starts from P at 7 a.m. and travels towards Q at 20 kmph. Another train starts from Q at 8 a.m. and travels towards P at a speed of 25 kmph. At what time will they meet? | [
"10 am",
"12 noon",
"10.30 am",
"12.30 am",
"11 am"
] | B. 12 noon | aquarat |
aquarat_24118 | Anthony and Michael sit on the six member board of directors for company X. If the board is to be split up into 2 three-person subcommittees, what percent E of all the possible subcommittees that include Michael also include Anthony? | [
"20%",
"30%",
"40%",
"50%",
"60%"
] | C. 40% | aquarat |
arc_easy_1648 | A student has a liquid that does not mix with water. To predict whether the liquid will float on water or sink beneath it, which tools should be used to examine the liquid? | [
"ruler and compass",
"microscope and voltmeter",
"graduated cylinder and balance",
"thermometer and Bunsen burner"
] | C. graduated cylinder and balance | arc_easy |
aquarat_50497 | The average age of 15 students of a class is 15 years. Out of these, the average age of 5 students is 14 years and that of the other 9 students is 16 years, The age of the 15th student is | [
"11",
"12",
"13",
"14",
"15"
] | A. 11 | aquarat |
arc_easy_1810 | In a forest community, trees produce leaves that can be eaten by deer. The leaves also fall to the forest floor during autumn. Fungi break the leaves down into nutrients that enter the soil. What is the decomposer in this forest community? | [
"the soil",
"the deer",
"the trees",
"the fungi"
] | D. the fungi | arc_easy |
aquarat_42360 | A drink holding 6 ounces of an alcoholic drink that is 1 part rum to 2 parts coke is added to a jug holding 32 ounces of an alcoholic drink that is 1 part rum to 3 parts coke. What is the ratio of rum to coke in the resulting mixture? | [
"2:5",
"5:14",
"3:5",
"4:7",
"14:5"
] | B. 5:14 | aquarat |
arc_easy_1243 | The surface of a heated metal object measures 120°C. It is dropped into a bucket filled with water measuring 10°C. Which of the following is most likely to occur? | [
"Both the water and metal will adjust to the same temperature below 10°C.",
"The water and metal will adjust to different temperatures above 120°C.",
"The water will remain the same temperature, but the metal will cool to 10°C.",
"The water and metal will adjust to the same temperature between 10°C and 120°C.... | D. The water and metal will adjust to the same temperature between 10°C and 120°C. | arc_easy |
arc_easy_2010 | Which of these is directly formed as a result of weathering and erosion? | [
"crystals",
"sediments",
"igneous rocks",
"metamorphic rocks"
] | B. sediments | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_95941 | A bird is about to lay an egg, so it needs to construct a safe, round place to place the egg in. The bird constructs using | [
"sticks",
"gum",
"rocks",
"tape"
] | A. sticks | mmlu_train |
aquarat_14560 | A jar is filled of liquid which is 3 parts water and 5 parts alcohol. How much of this mixture should be drawn out and replaced such that this mixture may contain half
water and half alcohol? | [
"28%",
"10%",
"20%",
"29%",
"26%"
] | C. 20% | aquarat |
arc_easy_64 | A student wants to find the relationship between the diameter of several plastic disks and the circumference of each disk. Which of these types of graphs should be constructed to determine this relationship? | [
"pie graph",
"line graph",
"scatterplot",
"box-and-whisker plot"
] | B. line graph | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_28786 | Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States. The result: thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes. Four percent fewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings. Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year. The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten, at the University of California, was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams, or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University. Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium, which is how foods may list their salt content. The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows how that idea can influence what parents order for their children. Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had McDonald's menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food. The other half got menus without the calorie information. All the following are related to the salt in diet except _ . | [
"strokes",
"heart attacks",
"blood pressures",
"stomach diseases"
] | D. stomach diseases | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_279 | A student flips a coin four times. It lands "heads" up three times. The student concludes that the coin will land "heads" up three times out of four. What will make the conclusion more accurate? | [
"substituting a different coin",
"flipping the coin twenty more times",
"taping a weight to one side of the coin",
"flipping the coin over a smoother surface"
] | B. flipping the coin twenty more times | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_16701 | We have entered a new age of embedded , intuitive computing in which our homes, cars, stores, farms, and factories have the ability to think, sense, understand, and respond to our needs. It's not science fiction, but the dawn of a new age. Most people might not realize it yet, but we are already feeling the impact of what's known as the third wave of computing. In small but significant ways it is helping us live healthier and more secure lives. If you drive a 2014 Mercedes Benz, for example, an "intelligent" system tries to keep you from hitting a pedestrian. A farmer in Nigeria relies on weather sensors that communicate with his mobile device. Forgot your medicine? A new pill bottle from AdhereTech reminds you through text or automatic phone messages that it's time to take a pill. Technology is being integrated into our natural behaviors, with real-time data connecting our physical and digital worlds. With this dramatic shift in our relationship to technology, companies can adapt their products and services. To understand how revolutionary the third wave is, we ought to consider how far we have come. The first wave began when companies started to manage their operations through mainframe computer systems over 50 years ago. Then computing got "personal" in the 1980s and the 1990s with the introduction of the PC (personal computer). For the most part, computing remained immobile and lacked contextual awareness. In computing's second wave, mobile computing and the smartphone took center stage. Billions of people, some of whom might not have had access to clean water, electricity, or even housing, were connected. Developers created applications and provided consumers with access to just about everything through their phone at the cost of a monthly data plan. As the third wave keeps developing, designers must meet the demands of consumers who want to experiment with new technology. Historically, designers have focused their attention on a product's form and function. While that still matters, of course, the definition of a meaningful user experience has expanded significantly and will continue to do so. Instead of creating a single product, designers will need to imagine a series of connected products and services that have awareness of each other and their surroundings. Which of the following is a situation in the third wave of computing? | [
"There's no need to create a single product.",
"The definition of the user experience is more significant.",
"Products and services are not independent of each other.",
"The products' form and functions are no longer important."
] | C. Products and services are not independent of each other. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_66587 | Scientists have transformed men's minds into avirtual woman's body in an experiment that could throw light upon how humans distinguish themselves form others. In a study at Barcelona University, men wore a virtual reality headset that allowed them to see and hear the world as a female character. When they looked down, they could even see their new body and clothes. The "body-swapping" effect was so convincing that the men's sense of self was transferred into the virtual woman, causing them to react to events in the virtual world they wereimmersed . "This work opens up another avenue for virtual reality, which is not just to transform your sense of place, but also your sense of self," said Mel Slater, "If you can temporarily give people the illusion that their bodies are different, then the evidence suggests it also affects their behavior and the way they think. They can have new experiences: a person who is thin can know what it is like to be fat. A man can have an experience of what it's like to be a woman." During the experiment, a "female" approached and hit the face of the character another man was playing. "Their reaction was immediate," said Slate. "They would take in a quick breath and maybeflinch . The more people reported being in the girl's body, the stronger physical reaction they had." But in all cases, the feeling was temporary and lasted only as long as the study. The study shows that our minds have a very fluid picture of our bodies. The research is expected to shed light on the puzzle of how our brain tells the difference between a part of our own body and something else in the wider world. Thus the work might improve the conditions for those who have experienced strokes by placing them in a world that helps them to use their bodies to the full again. Of the following statements, which we can't infer from the passage? | [
"Men in the experiment can temporarily have the wrong feeling that they are women.",
"When hit, the men in the virtual world will react angrily to it.",
"As soon as the experiment is finished, the men will return to the normal state",
"Probably, this study can be applied to medical fields and benefit humans."... | B. When hit, the men in the virtual world will react angrily to it. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_95250 | Which is a complete circuit? | [
"a refrigerator that is running",
"a battery removed from a toy",
"a clock that is wound-up",
"a fuse that has blown"
] | A. a refrigerator that is running | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_35642 | Sometime early in the next century, human beings will move to Mars. They will live there for about a year, and then will be replaced with another group of pioneers. Building the base on Mars will advance our knowledge of the solar system and aid in our understanding of the earth. We already know that Mars resembles the earth in many aspects: general size, presence of water, length of day, range of temperatures. These resemblances have caused many people to consider a centuries-long project: to terraform Mars. Terraforming means _ a planet's surface so that Earth's life forms can survive there. This concept, previously found only in science fiction is now being seriously considered by scientists. Terraforming Mars is theoretically simple: add nitrogen and oxygen to the atmosphere; pump water to the surface; and add the earth's plants and animals in the order in which they developed on Earth. But it will take at least 300 years. Some people think that such a project is too huge for humans to undertake, but there are very good reasons to make the attempt. The earth now contains some 6 billion people, and no one has any idea of how many humans the earth can support. Our very existence and numbers are threatening many other species. We also have had some experience with terraforming our own planet: altering the landscape, the atmosphere and the climate. Currently terraforming earth has become a wiser activity as we try to control global warming, air and water pollution, and preserve some natural living places. While the possibility of such a project is small, it is not impossible .Even if earth -bound societies come and go in the next 300 years, the project can continue through the work of the Mars settlers without the need for constant backing from the earth. The future existence of all the people in our world may very well depend upon our ability to terraform Mars. What would be the best title for this passage? | [
"Terraforming Mars.",
"Saving the Earth",
"Travelling to Mars.",
"A Newly-found Place"
] | A. Terraforming Mars. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_48481 | Eight friends go to watch a movie but only 5 tickets were available. In how many different ways can 5 people sit and watch the movie? | [
"8C5",
"8*7*6*5*4",
"5!",
"8!/5!",
"8*5"
] | B. 8*7*6*5*4 | aquarat |
aquarat_53065 | Billy read 2 books. He read the first one in one week with 25 pages everyday. He read the second book in 12 days with 23 pages everyday. What is the total number of pages that Billy read? | [
"251 pages",
"151 pages",
"751 pages",
"451 pages",
"351 pages"
] | D. 451 pages | aquarat |
aquarat_52678 | In the kitchen of a busy restaurant, it takes M minutes to wash P pots. At this rate, how many hours does it take to wash 6P pots? | [
"10/M",
"M/10",
"M/60",
"240M",
"6M"
] | B. M/10 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_11404 | Alzheimer's disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer's disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer's disease is not confined to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease. At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be "getting old". The disease was thought to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer's disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic disease that destroys brain cells. Alzheimer's disease affects the patient's memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking, then the patient's memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, numbers, names and plans. As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior. In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk. Scientists don't know exactly what causes Alzheimer's disease. It may be caused by a virus .It may be caused by a poisonous substance in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease. The main idea of the passage is that Alzheimer's disease _ . | [
"is a terrible part of the aging process",
"is an organic disease that affects young and old",
"can be cured by physical treatment",
"causes forgetfulness"
] | B. is an organic disease that affects young and old | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_607 | While on a field trip to NASA, Felicia saw a short film on materials that make up nebulae. Which topic was most likely presented in the film? | [
"asteroid development",
"stellar formation",
"planetary orbits",
"galaxy shapes"
] | B. stellar formation | arc_challenge |
aquarat_13802 | If x^2+(1/x^2)=6, x^4+(1/x^4)=? | [
"10",
"11",
"12",
"34",
"15"
] | D. 34 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_23511 | Have you got a Facebook account? Are you thinking of getting one? Jamie Simmonds has just signed up. Let's see how she's getting along. My Diary MONDAY: I'm officially a Facebooker. I find a few people I used to know and I've soon got seven friends. I've never felt so popular! I wonder if my old university flatmate Steve is on here...What do you know! He is! Maybe Facebook has its uses. TUESDAY: I've received lots of nice welcoming messages on my wall. Later, I meet up with Steve for a drink after not seeing him for five years. We get on really well! Then, he uses his Facebook app for iPhone to suggest me as a friend to some other former classmates. Some of them even come to the pub and it's just like old times - possibly a bit too much like old times. During the night, photos are uploaded to Facebook. WEDNESDAY: Disaster! My mum's on Facebook! Has she seen the photos of me dancing on the table from last night? Has she shown them to dad? Oh. And I have a friend request - mum again! THURSDAY: There's a message from my boyfriend, "so, it's over then, ;is it?" Evidently I haven't changed my settings to show I'm "in a relationship", and I haven't even added him as a friend. Ah, well, I wonder what my ex-boyfriend is doing... Whoops! I accidentally type his name into my status box instead of the search ' and now every one can see it on their news feed.' FRIDAY: Time to update my status:"Work is boring. Can't wait for the weekend!" Yeah, that about sums it up. Oh, look, I've received a comment! Someone must feel the same way. Lots of my friends now"like" this status. SATURDAY: Good news! I've got 100 friends But wait! _ I look through my "friend list" to try to work out who it was. Why did they do that? Am I really such a terrible person? I never knew Facebook could be this cruel. SUNDAY: Wake up. Check my Facebook page. Make coffee. Check my Facebook page again. Get ready to leave. Change my mind and check my Facebook page ... again. I am becoming addicted to it! I think it's time to end it all before it takes over my life. I delete my account. Back to good, old, simple e-mails. Oh, look, I've got a message: A friend invited you to join Twitter. . . In July 2010, Facebook had more than 500 million active users. The average Facebook user has 130 friends. Facebook is translated into more than 70 different languages. The world spends 700 billion minutes a month on Facebook. Facebook creator Mark Zuckerberg's Facebook page says he's a Harvard graduate, even though he actually dropped out to focus on Facebook. The site is valued at between $7.9 and $11 billion. Why did Jamie's boyfriend ask her whether she had broken up with him? | [
"He had seen photos of Jamie dancing on the table.",
"She showed in her facebook that she was still not dating anyone.",
"Her boyfriend was angry that she refused to add him as her friend.",
"He saw the name of her ex-boyfriend on his news feed."
] | B. She showed in her facebook that she was still not dating anyone. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_44585 | Pipe A can fill a tank in 6 hours, pipe B in 8 hours, and pipe C in 24 hours. If all the pipes are open, in how many hours will the tank be filled? | [
"2.5",
"3",
"3.5",
"4",
"4.5"
] | B. 3 | aquarat |
arc_easy_202 | Blood is composed of different cell types that transport nutrients and wastes throughout the body. Because of this, blood is classified as | [
"a tissue.",
"an organ.",
"a system.",
"an organism."
] | A. a tissue. | arc_easy |
aquarat_29053 | If 1 kilometer is approximately 0.6 mile, which of the following best approximates the number of kilometers in 4 miles? | [
"12/5",
"12/3",
"12/4",
"12/6",
"12/2"
] | A. 12/5 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_68063 | SPACE is a lonely place. Hundreds of thousands of kilometers from home, astronauts have a hard life. It stands to reason that, once in a while, they need to have a good cry. But this is a lot harder than it sounds. We still know very little about space, and about living in zero gravity. In fact, we are discovering new things every time astronauts take to the skies (and beyond). As The Atlantic reported in January, crying is not all that simple in space. This is because when a person normally cries, gravity makes their tears move downwards. But in a spacecraft, this is not the case. Here, there is no gravity, which is why we so often see pictures of astronauts floating around. This means that, strangely, when you cry your tears have nowhere to go. As a result, they just stick to your eyes. In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this. "Tears," as he said, "don't fall off your eye... they just kind of stay there. " This can be quite painful. In space, your eyes get very dry, and the added moisture is irritating . Sometimes, things get even weirder . The astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic that when tears get big enough, they "break free of the eye and float around". No one can be quite sure why we cry. Why should water in our eyes have anything to do with feeling sad? If you stop to think about it, crying is a very strange thing indeed. And now, thanks to the wonders of space, it just got even stranger. Astronauts feel _ if tears are always in their eyes. | [
"sad",
"comfortable",
"happy",
"uncomfortable"
] | D. uncomfortable | mmlu_train |
aquarat_22434 | A batsman makes a score of 87 runs in the 17th inning and thus increases his average by 3. Find his average after 17th inning. | [
"26",
"39",
"42",
"56",
"82"
] | B. 39 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_90051 | A farmer who lived in a small village had a bad pain in the chest. This never seemed to get any better. The farmer decided that he would go to see a doctor in the nearest town. But as he was a miserly person, he thought he would find out how much he would have to pay the doctor. He was told that a sick person had to pay three pounds for the first visit and one pound for the second visit. The farmer thought about this for a long time, and then he decided to go to the doctor in the town. As he came into the doctor's room, he said, "Good morning, doctor. Here I am again." The doctor was a little surprised. He asked him a few questions, checked his chest and then took the pound which the farmer insisted on giving him. Then the doctor said with a smile, "Well, sir, there's nothing new. Please go on taking the same medicine I gave you the first time you came to see me." Where did the doctor check the farmer? | [
"In the village.",
"On the farm.",
"At the doctor's.",
"In the city."
] | C. At the doctor's. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_94666 | A city has an outbreak of a disease that affects an unusually large portion of its population at the same time. Which term best describes the outbreak? | [
"pandemic",
"plague",
"epidemic",
"infection"
] | C. epidemic | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_55180 | Have you ever dreamed of visiting a planet in the Milk Way? While the trip sounds exciting, it would take years and years to reach your destination. So in the future, bedtime for astronauts may be more than a few hours of regular shut-eye. They would have to sleep for years. European researchers are now conducting hibernation experiments. The study may help them understand whether humans could ever sleep through the years it would take for a space flight to distant planets. "If there was an effective technology, it could make deep-space travel a reality," said Mark Ayre of the European Space Agency last month. _ Researchers have been able to use chemicals to put living cells into a sleep-like state where they don't age. They have now moved on to small, non-hibernating mammals like rats. The results will be out by the end of 2004. A major challenge is the fact that cells can be very simple systems, whereas body organs are far more complex. "It's like moving from a simple Apple computer to a supercomputer," said Marco Biggiogera, a hibernation researcher at Italy's University of Pavia. Just like bears and frogs, the hibernation of human beings would cause a person's metabolism to lower so they would need less energy. Medical research, however, is just half of a space flight hibernation system. There is the challenge of designing a suitable protective shelter. Such a shelter would provide the proper environment for hibernation, such as the proper temperature. It would also have to monitor life functions and serve the physiological needs of the hibernator. According to Ayre, the six-person Human Outer Planets Exploration Mission to Jupiter's moon Callisto, could be an opportunity to use human hibernation. The mission aims to send six humans on a five-year flight to Callisto, where they will spend 30 days, in 2045. The sentence "What seems like science fiction is not completely unlikely" means _ . | [
"Science fiction is people's imagination.",
"Science fiction is imaginative, but it can be realized.",
"Things seem impossible may come true.",
"Things described in science fiction are sure to become true."
] | C. Things seem impossible may come true. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_12728 | From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away. The animal is, in fact, playing a complicated and potentially dangerous game with its environment, discomfort or destruction. This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals would survive if they had to start from the beginning and learn about the world wholly by trial and error, for there are too many possible decisions which would prove fatal. So we find, in practice, that the game is always arranged in favor of the young animal in one way or another. Either the animal is protected during the early stages of its learning about the world around it, or the knowledge of which way to respond is built into its nervous system from the start. The fact that animals behave sensibly can be attributed partly to what we might call genetic learning, to distinguish it from individual learning that an animal does in the cause of its own life time. Genetic learning is learning by a species as a whole, and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to behave in the right way. However, genetic learning depends upon a prediction that the future will more or less exactly resemble the past. The more variable individual experience is likely to be, the less efficient is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. It is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning. In the great majority of animals, behavior is a compound of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with.That is why animals can survive. Most animals survive because they can make right decisions by _ . | [
"a series of trials and errors",
"knowledge obtained in their life time",
"the nervous system",
"genetic learning and individual experience"
] | D. genetic learning and individual experience | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_26984 | The concept of solar power satellites, or SPS, first put forward in the 1960s, is still not widely known by the general public. For example, at many public exhibitions about energy, SPS is not even mentioned. This is mainly because very little money has been spent on SPS research There are people who claim that SPS is unrealistic - because launch costs are much too high today; or because it is too far away. So why do we believe that it is important to continue to do researches on SPS? The reason is very simple. Humans are going to need huge amounts of electric power in coming decades. Within 50 years the world population is expected to double, while economic growth will continue around the world, especially in the poorer countries. But existing energy sources already face serious problems. They are limited; they are polluted; they are dangerous. So 50 or 100 years from now, where is our power going to come from? Nobody knows. And so we believe that new large-scale possibilities should be studied further. We must remember that humans have some choices concerning our future. To some extent we can choose the direction in which our civilization develops. And choices that are made in the coming decades - such as the energy sources that we will or will not use, will have major, long-term meaning for human life on earth. We believe that if research continues to show that SPS is environmentally and economically attractive, SPS will open the door to a much more attractive future for human civilization than any ground-based energy source, and one that the public will support and that young people will find challenging and exciting. Furthermore energy from SPS can be readily used in developing countries, as the SPS 2000 project will show, thus aiding economic development worldwide. In addition, by creating large commercial fund for space engineering, SPS will open the frontier of space to economic development, thus creating a limitless new field for the growth of the world economy. Which of the following statements about SPS is TRUE? | [
"The research on SPS started in the 1960s is still not appreciated by the public.",
"The research is showing SPS can benefit environment and economy at present.",
"The energy from SPS is now being used in some developing countries.",
"The public don't know about SPS because little time is devoted to the resea... | A. The research on SPS started in the 1960s is still not appreciated by the public. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_46440 | John's Bank's saving amount is decreased 50% due to loan payment and current balance is Rs.50000. Find the actual balance before deduction? | [
"100000",
"8500",
"9000",
"9500",
"10000"
] | A. 100000 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_16935 | Naps--short sleeps during the day--may improve memory, experts said recently. New research conducted by brain researcher Avi Karni of the University of Haifa in Israel explores the possibility that naps help lock in sometimes long-term memories. "We still don't know exactly how memory system works during sleep, but the results of this research suggest it is possible to speed up memory consolidation ," Karni said. Long-term memory refers to memories that stay with us for years, such as "what" memories -- a car accident that happened yesterday-- or "how to" memories, such as one's learned ability to play the pianos. Karni, also one of the authors of the study published in a recent issue of the journal Nature Neuroscience, instructed participants to learn a difficult set of finger games, then divided the study _ into two groups: one that napped for an hour, and one that didn't. The people who took an afternoon snooze showed obvious improvement in their performance by that evening. "After a night's sleep the two groups were at the same level, but the group that slept in the afternoon improved much faster than the group that stayed awake," Karni said. And the study also showed just how much faster a 90-minute nap could help lock in long-term memories. "Daytime sleep can shorten the time 'how to' memory weakens and forgetting starts,"Karni said, "Instead of 6 to 8 hours, the brain consolidated the memory during the 90-minute nap." We can learn from the article that _ . | [
"the new research has discovered the memory process during the sleep",
"taking a nap helps improve both long-term and short-term memories",
"Karni's findings are based on comparisons between two groups of participants",
"people who take a nap will never forget \"how to\" skills once they are learned"
] | C. Karni's findings are based on comparisons between two groups of participants | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_76510 | Laboratory work is your chance to learn science firsthand. It can be fun but you must be careful to prevent injury. Listen closely when your teacher reads and explains the rules before your first lab lesson. LABORATORYRULES Throughout the lesson *Do not enter the science lab without the teacher's permission.*No food or drinks are to be alowed in the science lab. Before the Experiment *Read al instructions carefuly before every experiment. *Prepare al apparatus and arrange them so that you wil not knock them over while doing the experiment. During the Experiment *If you are unsure of how to use any apparatus or how to operate, ask your teacher for help.*Never smel or taste chemicals unless your teacher gives permission. After the Experiment *Wash al apparatus after use and return them to the places where they were. *Throw waste materials in proper waste baskets. First Aid *Report al accidents to your teacher immediately. *If you spil( )any chemicals onto your body or clothing, wash with plenty of water and report to your teacher. Your teacher wil probably tel you the rules above _ the first lab lesson. | [
"before",
"since",
"during",
"after"
] | A. before | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_90525 | One cold winter morning, an old woman had to go to see her doctor. When she walked into the doctor's office, she told him that her right leg hurt and sometimes she could not walk. She asked him what was wrong. She told him that she had never had such a feeling before. The doctor checked the old woman carefully, then he said, "You're in good health for a woman of your age. I think the trouble in your right leg is just a matter of old age catching up with you. We get all kinds of illness as we get older. The trouble will almost certainly end in spring." "I don't think so, doctor!" she said. "My left leg is well, and it's the same age as my right one." What did the doctor think of the woman? | [
"She was young enough",
"She was not ill",
"She got all kinds of illnesses",
"She must do a lot of exercise in spring"
] | B. She was not ill | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_33434 | A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. Jet lag interferes with a person's normal times for sleeping and waking. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They also may have problems thinking clearly and remembering. Kwangwook Cho is a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain. He reported the findings of his jet lag study in the publication Nature Neuroscience. The study involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. The women had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas. Mister Cho took some fluid from the women's mouths to measure levels of a hormone that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains using magnetic resonance imaging. This is a way to measure the size of the brain's temporal lobes. It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones. Mister Cho says he believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory. Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory. According to the text, jet lag _ . | [
"can cause difficulties in speaking",
"can make people feel tired for a few weeks",
"is the illness only found in people who work on the airplanes",
"can be caused by flying over several time zones in an airplane"
] | D. can be caused by flying over several time zones in an airplane | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_120 | Which human trait is most likely inherited from a parent? | [
"learning to ride a bike",
"holding a spoon",
"reading a book",
"height"
] | D. height | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_1247 | The force of gravity on an object depends primarily on the object's | [
"density.",
"mass.",
"momentum.",
"volume."
] | B. mass. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_54122 | Marc Briol started his career at the age of 17 as an apprentice at a hotel in Germany, but his experience in the kitchen started at 12, when he had to cook his own meals after school. The young chef with Belle-Vue, the European restaurant at the Grand Hyatt Shenzhen, believes a chef has to be honest and true to his food. "If you look at the plate, it says exactly what I have done. You cannot cheat. If you try to take a shortcut, you will affect the taste," he says. "It is also what I appreciate in my job ---- direct communication with my customers." At just 23, Briol was appointed chef of Belle-Vue in September, when his enthusiasm and inspiration won recognition. "I am so pleased to welcome Marc to lead the culinary team at Belle-Vue. His creativity and passion will bring new inspiration to the restaurant, and create exciting dining experiences that are approachable and fun," says Martin Riehl, executive chef of the hotel. Briol creates and combines classic dishes with his own understanding and his signature dishes are featured in the Best of Belle-Vue selection. Most of the dishes are presented in two color1s ---- green and red. "It is a nice contrast with the white plate at the moment. And it reminds me of something happy and merry." The color1s are updated according to season, and also on request from regular customers. Although Briol has only been in Shenzhen about three months, he has fallen in love with Cantonese food. "I love dim sum ---- all the steamed vegetables, chicken soup and black tea." One interesting thing about Shenzhen is how people treat food, he says. "If you go to the local market, you will see things such as snakes, which would belong to the zoo back in my country." He says that in China, everything has a reason. People respect food, which is not always done in Europe. "In China, if you eat something, it is because it is healthy for your body." As for the cooking, he says, it is not easy to get raw materials for a European restaurant in Shenzhen. "It took me about a month to get the fish I want for my cooking. We had to call Shanghai or Hong Kong to ship the food here," he says. "When I worked in London, the process was much easier." He gets much of his inspiration from food blogs and friends. "About 80 percent of my friends come from restaurants, and they are bakers, chefs. We will meet and talk to get new ideas for food." Other sources of inspiration are traveling and cookbooks. During his day off, he will also try to explore new restaurants in Shenzhen. "Food is all my life. You have to pay lots of effort to get it done, to improve yourself." Marc Briol gets much of his inspiration from many sources EXCEPT _ . | [
"food blogs",
"traveling",
"cookbooks",
"food color1s"
] | D. food color1s | mmlu_train |
aquarat_25475 | In an examination a pupil's average marks were 63 per paper. If he had obtained 20 more marks for his Geography paper and 2 more marks for his History paper, his average per paper would have been 64. How many papers were there in the examination? | [
"8",
"9",
"10",
"22",
"12"
] | D. 22 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_72714 | Food, Drink & Refreshment Relax and unwind in our new state of the Loch Ness Eatery. Whether you are looking for a snack or a full meal we can provide almost anything to suit everyone. We will be ready for helping you at all times. Fresh Tea. Coffee, Hot Chocolate etc. Good choice of Home Baking and Cake Home Made Soup and Sandwiches. Sweets and Soft Drinks Packed to aches for those who prefer a picnic. Seating for over 150 visitors. Tel: +44(0)1456 450321 Web: www.lochness.com At the loch Ness Eatery, visitors can _ | [
"book comfortable room",
"have a picnic",
"cook for themselves",
"get a good relaxation"
] | D. get a good relaxation | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_2523 | Which statement best explains why a car that is rolling on a level surface will eventually come to a stop? | [
"Frictional forces oppose the motion of the car.",
"Forward motion slowly runs out as energy is expended.",
"The natural state of an object is to be at rest.",
"Inertia acting on an object will dissipate."
] | A. Frictional forces oppose the motion of the car. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_93741 | Which mixture can be easily separated by adding water and pouring it through a coffee filter? | [
"sugar and salt",
"salt and sand",
"sugar and baking soda",
"iron filings and sand"
] | B. salt and sand | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_16459 | Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods ? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body. Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is overweight. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive system, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we've had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body's cells. The body's metabolism becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity. The accumulation of acid in the digestive system makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common. To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It's also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach. One effective way is to choose raw and whole foods appropriately according to your health conditions and personal preferences. Processed foods are unhealthy because they _ . | [
"destroy body's cells",
"harm your stomach",
"may lead to obesity",
"stop body's natural function"
] | C. may lead to obesity | mmlu_train |
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