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54,191,159	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative%20temperature	Conservative temperature is a thermodynamic property of seawater. It is derived from the potential enthalpy and is recommended under the TEOS-10 standard (Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater - 2010) as a replacement for potential temperature as it more accurately represents the heat content in the ocean. Motivation C...	Conservative temperature	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	1,006	[ "Thermodynamic properties", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Enthalpy", "Physical oceanography" ]
54,192,420	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrically%20necessary%20dislocations	Geometrically necessary dislocations are like-signed dislocations needed to accommodate for plastic bending in a crystalline material. They are present when a material's plastic deformation is accompanied by internal plastic strain gradients. They are in contrast to statistically stored dislocations, with statistics of...	Geometrically necessary dislocations	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,949	[ "Crystallographic defects", "Crystallography", "Materials degradation", "Materials science" ]
54,192,700	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk%20four-course%20system	The Norfolk four-course system is a method of agriculture that involves crop rotation. Unlike earlier methods such as the three-field system, the Norfolk system is marked by an absence of a fallow year. Instead, four different crops are grown in each year of a four-year cycle: wheat, turnips, barley, and clover or ryeg...	Norfolk four-course system	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	204	[ "Genetic engineering and agriculture", "Genetic engineering" ]
54,193,391	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDS%20110	PDS 110 is a young 11th magnitude star located approximately away in the constellation Orion. A series of eclipses was observed in 2008 and 2011, which may have been caused by dust from the star's circumstellar disk. Description PDS 110 is a young star still approaching the main sequence. It has been classified as a ...	PDS 110	[ "Astronomy" ]	462	[ "Constellations", "Orion (constellation)" ]
54,194,309	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density%20ratio	The density ratio of a column of seawater is a measure of the relative contributions of temperature and salinity in determining the density gradient. At a density ratio of 1, temperature and salinity are said to be compensated: their density signatures cancel, leaving a density gradient of zero. The formula for the de...	Density ratio	[ "Physics" ]	453	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Physical oceanography" ]
54,194,344	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-motile%20bacteria	Non-motile bacteria are bacteria species that lack the ability and structures that would allow them to propel themselves, under their own power, through their environment. When non-motile bacteria are cultured in a stab tube, they only grow along the stab line. If the bacteria are mobile, the line will appear diffuse a...	Non-motile bacteria	[ "Biology" ]	339	[ "Bacteria stubs", "Prokaryotes", "Microorganisms", "Bacteria" ]
54,194,735	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenegermin	Cenegermin, sold under the brand name Oxervate, also known as recombinant human nerve growth factor, is a recombinant form of human nerve growth factor. Cenegermin is a peripherally selective agonist of the tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75NTR). The most common sid...	Cenegermin	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	271	[ "Biotechnology products", "Recombinant proteins", "Signal transduction", "Neurotrophic factors", "Neurochemistry" ]
54,195,641	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anicequol	Anicequol (developmental code names NGA0187, NGD-187) is a naturally occurring ergostane steroid produced by Acremonium sp. TF-0356 which has nerve growth factor-like neurotrophic activity. It was under investigation by Taisho Pharmaceutical in Japan for the treatment of cognitive disorders in the 1990s, but developmen...	Anicequol	[ "Chemistry" ]	132	[ "Drug safety", "Abandoned drugs" ]
54,195,672	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desulfobotulus%20sapovorans	Desulfobotulus sapovorans is a bacterium from the genus of Desulfobotulus which has been isolated from freshwater mud in Germany. References Further reading External links Type strain of Desulfobotulus sapovorans at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Bacteria described in 1981 Desulfovibrio	Desulfobotulus sapovorans	[ "Biology" ]	69	[ "Bacteria stubs", "Bacteria" ]
54,195,817	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean%20units%20of%20measurement	Korean units of measurement, called cheokgwan-beop () or cheokgeun-beop () in Korean, is the traditional system of measurement used by the people of the Korean peninsula. It is largely based on the Chinese system, with influence from Japanese standards imposed following its annexation of the Korean Empire in 1910. Both...	Korean units of measurement	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,393	[ "Systems of units", "Units of measurement by country", "Quantity", "Customary units of measurement", "Units of measurement" ]
54,195,920	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanostructured%20film	A nanostructured film is a film resulting from engineering of nanoscale features, such as dislocations, grain boundaries, defects, or twinning. In contrast to other nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, the film itself may be up to several microns thick, but possesses a large concentration of nanoscale features homog...	Nanostructured film	[ "Materials_science" ]	760	[ "Nanotechnology", "Nanomaterials" ]
54,195,933	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static%20fatigue	Static fatigue, sometimes referred to as delayed fracture, describes the progressive cracking and eventual failure of materials under a constant, sustained stress. (It is different from fatigue, which refers to the deformation and eventual failure of materials subjected to cyclical stresses.) With static fatigue materi...	Static fatigue	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	319	[ "Structural engineering", "Fracture mechanics", "Continuum mechanics", "Deformation (mechanics)", "Metallurgy", "Classical mechanics", "Corrosion", "Materials science", "Electrochemistry", "Materials degradation" ]
54,196,462	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoroacetone	Fluoroacetone is an organofluorine compound with the chemical formula . Under normal conditions, the substance is a colorless liquid. Fluoroacetone is also a highly toxic and flammable compound. Fumes of fluoroacetone can form an explosive mixture with air. Synthesis Fluoroacetone can be obtained by a reaction of tri...	Fluoroacetone	[ "Chemistry" ]	218	[ "Ketones", "Lachrymatory agents", "Functional groups", "Chemical weapons" ]
54,196,760	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluasterone	Fluasterone, also known as 3β-dehydroxy-16α-fluoro- or 16α-fluoroandrost-5-en-17-one, is a fluorinated synthetic analogue of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) which was under investigation by Aeson Therapeutics for a variety of therapeutic indications including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and trauma...	Fluasterone	[ "Chemistry" ]	659	[ "Pharmacology", "Ketones", "Drug safety", "Functional groups", "Chemopreventive agents", "Abandoned drugs" ]
54,197,410	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irosustat	Irosustat (, ; developmental code names STX-64, 667-coumate, BN-83495; also known as oristusane) is an orally active, irreversible, nonsteroidal inhibitor of steroid sulfatase (STS) and member of the aryl sulfamate ester class of drugs that was under development by Sterix Ltd and Ipsen for the treatment of hormone-se...	Irosustat	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,176	[ "Drug safety", "Abandoned drugs" ]
54,197,982	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20investigational%20sexual%20dysfunction%20drugs	This is a list of investigational sexual dysfunction drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical treatment of sexual dysfunction but are not yet approved. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses. This list was last comprehen...	List of investigational sexual dysfunction drugs	[ "Chemistry" ]	942	[ "Drug-related lists" ]
54,198,032	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity%20of%20Kosovo	Kosovo is characterised by a diverse biodiversity and an abundance of different ecosystems and habitats determined by the climate along with the geology and hydrology. Predominantly mountainous, it is located at the center of the Balkan Peninsula bounded by Montenegro to the west, Serbia to the north and east, North Ma...	Biodiversity of Kosovo	[ "Biology" ]	1,215	[ "Biodiversity" ]
54,198,179	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodoacetone	Iodoacetone is an organoiodine compound with the chemical formula The substance is a colorless liquid under normal conditions, soluble in ethanol. Synthesis The reaction of acetone and iodine produces iodoacetone. The reaction is typically acid catalysed and first order with respect to acetone and the acid catalyst: ...	Iodoacetone	[ "Chemistry" ]	99	[ "Ketones", "Lachrymatory agents", "Functional groups", "Chemical weapons" ]
60,571,795	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20metallurgical%20companies%20in%20Ukraine	The following page lists major metallurgical companies in Ukraine. They contribute to Ukraine's metallurgical industry. Ore mining and enrichment Ingulets Iron Ore Enrichment Works Northern Iron Ore Dressing Works Southern Iron Ore Dressing Works Central Iron Ore Enrichment Works Eastern Ore Dressing Works Evraz...	List of metallurgical companies in Ukraine	[ "Chemistry" ]	679	[ "Metallurgical industry of Ukraine", "Metallurgical industry by country" ]
60,573,119	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavilion%20%28exhibition%29	A pavilion is a genre of building often found at large international exhibitions such as a World's fair. It may be designed by a well-known architect or designer from the exhibiting country to showcase the latest technology of the exhibitor or be designed in what is considered the national architectural style of the ex...	Pavilion (exhibition)	[ "Engineering" ]	122	[ "Architecture stubs", "Architectural terminology", "Architecture" ]
60,573,633	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem%20Cells%20and%20Development	Stem Cells and Development is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering cell biology, with a specific focus on biomedical applications of stem cells. It was established in 1992 as the Journal of Hematotherapy, and was renamed the Journal of Hematotherapy & Stem Cell Research in 1999. The journal obtained its...	Stem Cells and Development	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	150	[ "Stem cell research", "Translational medicine", "Molecular and cellular biology journals", "Tissue engineering", "Molecular biology" ]
60,573,757	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%20Motion	Alice Elizabeth Motion (born Alice Williamson, 28 October 1984) is a British chemist, science communicator, and associate professor at the School of Chemistry, University of Sydney. She is the founder of the Breaking Good project which encourages high school and undergraduate students to take part in research that can ...	Alice Motion	[ "Chemistry" ]	619	[ "Organic chemists", "British organic chemists" ]
60,574,037	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aligner%20%28semiconductor%29	An aligner, or mask aligner, is a system that produces integrated circuits (IC) using the photolithography process. It holds the photomask over the silicon wafer while a bright light is shone through the mask and onto the photoresist. The "alignment" refers to the ability to place the mask over precisely the same locat...	Aligner (semiconductor)	[ "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	652	[ "Computer engineering", "Microtechnology", "Computer engineering stubs", "Computing stubs", "Nanotechnology", "Lithography (microfabrication)" ]
60,574,741	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striation%20%28fatigue%29	Striations are marks produced on the fracture surface that show the incremental growth of a fatigue crack. A striation marks the position of the crack tip at the time it was made. The term striation generally refers to ductile striations which are rounded bands on the fracture surface separated by depressions or fissur...	Striation (fatigue)	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,729	[ "Structural engineering", "Systems engineering", "Mechanical failure modes", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Fracture mechanics", "Reliability engineering", "Technological failures", "Materials science", "nan", "Materials degradation", "Mechanical failure" ]
60,575,040	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay%20technique	In chemistry, the decay technique is a method to generate chemical species such as radicals, carbocations, and other potentially unstable covalent structures by radioactive decay of other compounds. For example, decay of a tritium-labeled molecule yields an ionized helium atom, which might then break off to leave a cat...	Decay technique	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,296	[ "nan" ]
60,575,836	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unilalianism	Unilalianism (/junɨˈleɪ.li.ən.ɪzəm/), better known as Unilalia is a portmanteau combining the Latin unus with the ancient Greek laliá – together, this word is translated loosely into "one tongue [language]". It refers to a growing, new underground art and aesthetic movement created by Carter Wilson and his brother, Ell...	Unilalianism	[ "Engineering" ]	319	[ "Design", "Art and design organizations" ]
60,576,343	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Queen%20hypothesis	The Black Queen hypothesis (BQH) is a reductive evolution theory which seeks to explain how natural selection (as opposed to genetic drift) can drive gene loss. In a microbial community, different members may have genes which produce certain chemicals or resources in a "leaky fashion" making them accessible to other me...	Black Queen hypothesis	[ "Biology" ]	1,665	[ "Evolutionary biology" ]
60,577,021	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintilimab	Sintilimab, sold under the brand Tyvyt among others, is a medication used to treat Hodgkin's disease, and has been approved in China. It is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that binds to programmed cell death protein 1. It was jointly developed by Innovent Biologics and Eli Lilly. Medical uses Sintilimab is me...	Sintilimab	[ "Chemistry" ]	234	[ "Pharmacology", "Pharmacology stubs", "Medicinal chemistry stubs" ]
60,578,237	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%202798	NGC 2798 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Lynx. NGC 2798 and NGC 2799 are listed under the Arp Catalogue as Arp 283 and noted as an "interacting galaxy pair". The galaxy is listed in the New General Catalogue. References External links Barred spiral galaxies Lynx (constellation) 2798 Interacting ga...	NGC 2798	[ "Astronomy" ]	71	[ "Lynx (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
60,578,758	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean%20Dougherty	Sean Dougherty is a Canadian astrophysicist who has been involved in a large number of radio astronomical facilities, both Canadian and international. Dougherty obtained a degree in mathematics and physics from the University of Nottingham in 1983, and after that he pursued a doctorate in astrophysics at the Universit...	Sean Dougherty	[ "Astronomy" ]	407	[ "Astronomers", "Astronomer stubs", "Astronomy stubs" ]
60,578,952	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Rees%20%28organic%20chemist%29	David Charles Rees (born 1958) CChem FRSC FMedSci is a chemist recognised internationally for his innovative use of chemistry in drug discovery. He is Chief Scientific Officer of biotechnology company Astex Pharmaceuticals, which is located in Cambridge, UK. Career Rees joined Astex in 2003 to lead its chemistry team...	David Rees (organic chemist)	[ "Chemistry" ]	389	[ "Organic chemists", "British organic chemists" ]
60,579,006	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C16H20INO2	{{DISPLAYTITLE:C16H20INO2}} The molecular formula C16H20INO2 (molar mass: 385.2406 g/mol, exact mass: 385.0539 u) may refer to: RTI-352 RTI-55, or iometopane Molecular formulas	C16H20INO2	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	68	[ "Molecules", "Set index articles on molecular formulas", "Isomerism", "Molecular formulas", "Matter" ]
60,579,044	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promenade%20architecturale	Promenade architecturale is a concept developed by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier that refers to the implied "itinerary" of a built environment. Le Corbusier coined the term in reference to his houses: Villas La Roche and Savoye. In the study of architecture there is a longstanding tradition of walking to achieve ...	Promenade architecturale	[ "Engineering" ]	151	[ "Architectural terminology", "Architecture" ]
60,579,306	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Esprit%20Nouveau	L'Esprit Nouveau () was a magazine founded by architect Le Corbusier, poet Paul Dermée, and painter Amédée Ozenfant in 1920. Content The journal published a total of 28 editions between October 1920 and January 1925, addressing a broad range of topics including architecture, urbanism, painting, literature, cinema, sci...	L'Esprit Nouveau	[ "Engineering" ]	663	[ "Design magazines", "Design" ]
60,579,575	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20barcoding%20in%20diet%20assessment	DNA barcoding in diet assessment is the use of DNA barcoding to analyse the diet of organisms. and further detect and describe their trophic interactions. This approach is based on the identification of consumed species by characterization of DNA present in dietary samples, e.g. individual food remains, regurgitates, g...	DNA barcoding in diet assessment	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	1,709	[ "Genetics techniques", "Biological engineering", "Ecology", "DNA barcoding", "Bioinformatics", "Molecular genetics", "Phylogenetics" ]
60,579,726	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurse%20plant	A nurse plant is one that serves the ecological role of helping seedlings establish themselves, and of protecting young plants from harsh conditions. This effect is particularly well studied among plant communities in xeric environments. Effects Overstory trees and shrubs have a facilitative effect on the establishmen...	Nurse plant	[ "Biology" ]	2,535	[ "Plants" ]
60,580,282	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20cassette%20tape%20and%20cartridge%20tape%20formats	The following is a list providing an overview of all the different cassette tape and cartridge formats that use magnetic tape Both "cassette" and "cartridge" refer to a small plastic unit containing a length of magnetic tape on at least one reel. The unit may contain a second "take-up" reel or interoperate with such a ...	List of cassette tape and cartridge tape formats	[ "Technology" ]	1,085	[ "Recording devices", "Tape recording" ]
60,581,236	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine%20Jones%20%28academic%29	Katherine A. Jones is a professor of regulatory biology and the Edwin K. Hunter Chair at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. She uses proteomics to study transcription elongation and molecular biology to understand protein coordination. Jones identified elongation factors, a class of proteins which are important...	Katherine Jones (academic)	[ "Chemistry" ]	822	[ "Biochemists", "Women biochemists" ]
60,581,486	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partner%20violence%20in%20hip-hop	Forbes magazine reported in 2017 that hip hop was the "dominant musical genre" in the U.S. music industry and, for the first time, outsold any other U.S. musical genre. With its cultural foundation in the South Bronx, hip hop has grown in popularity since its beginnings in 1979. Popular dominance of the genre coincided...	Partner violence in hip-hop	[ "Biology" ]	4,714	[ "Abuse", "Behavior", "Aggression", "Human behavior" ]
60,582,221	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20diffusion	Magnetic diffusion refers to the motion of magnetic fields, typically in the presence of a conducting solid or fluid such as a plasma. The motion of magnetic fields is described by the magnetic diffusion equation and is due primarily to induction and diffusion of magnetic fields through the material. The magnetic diffu...	Magnetic diffusion	[ "Physics" ]	716	[ "Plasma phenomena", "Physical phenomena", "Plasma physics" ]
60,583,086	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballera%20gas%20plant	Ballera gas plant is a natural-gas processing facility located on the Nappa Merrie pastoral lease in the southwestern Queensland, Australia. It is operated by Santos Limited. The gas plant processes gas from approximately 130 wells in 45 gas fields in the Eromanga Basin. Processed gas is transmitted via the 755 km Sou...	Ballera gas plant	[ "Chemistry" ]	225	[ "Natural gas technology", "Natural gas plants" ]
60,583,118	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral%20emotions	Moral emotions are a variety of social emotions that are involved in forming and communicating moral judgments and decisions, and in motivating behavioral responses to one's own and others' moral behavior. As defined by Jonathan Haidt, moral emotions "are linked to the interests or welfare either of a society as a whol...	Moral emotions	[ "Biology" ]	2,089	[ "Emotion", "Behavior", "Human behavior" ]
60,583,371	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airport%20privacy	Airport privacy involves the right of personal privacy for passengers when it comes to screening procedures, surveillance, and personal data being stored at airports. This practice intertwines airport security measures and privacy specifically the advancement of security measures following the 9/11 attacks in the Unite...	Airport privacy	[ "Engineering" ]	2,098	[ "Cybersecurity engineering", "Information privacy" ]
60,583,727	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife%20of%20Greece	The wildlife of Greece includes the diverse flora, fauna, and funga of Greece, a country in southern Europe. The country is mostly mountainous with a very long, convoluted coastline, consisting of peninsulas and many islands. The climate ranges from Mediterranean through temperate to alpine, and the habitats include m...	Wildlife of Greece	[ "Biology" ]	1,216	[ "Biota by country", "Wildlife by country", "Biota of Greece" ]
60,584,771	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government%20effectiveness%20index	The government effectiveness index is a ranking of state capacity developed by the World Bank Group. It measures the quality of public services, civil service, policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of a government's commitment to improving or maintaining these aspects. The index includes 193 countr...	Government effectiveness index	[ "Mathematics", "Biology" ]	453	[ "Effective altruism", "Behavior", "Altruism", "Mathematical objects", "Index numbers", "Numbers" ]
52,841,665	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermophyte	Thermophyte (Greek thérmos = warmth, heat + phyton = plant) is an organism which is tolerant or thriving at high temperatures. These organisms are categorized according to ecological valences at high temperatures, including biological extremely. Such organisms included the hot-spring taxa also. A large amount of the...	Thermophyte	[ "Biology" ]	637	[ "Algae", "Plants", "Ecology", "Organisms by adaptation", "Cyanobacteria" ]
52,842,055	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygrophyte	A hygrophyte (Greek hygros = wet + phyton = plant) is a plant that inhabits moist areas and is intolerant of dry conditions. The species may inhabit wet and dark forests and islands, dense swamps, and wet meadows. Within the group of all types of terrestrial plants, they are least resistant to drought. Plants that a...	Hygrophyte	[ "Biology" ]	340	[ "Plant stubs", "Plant ecology", "Plants" ]
52,842,187	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceedings%20of%20the%20Combustion%20Institute	The Proceedings of the Combustion Institute are the proceedings of the biennial Combustion Symposium put on by The Combustion Institute. The publication contains the most significant contributions in fundamentals and applications, fundamental research of combustion science and combustion phenomena. Research papers and ...	Proceedings of the Combustion Institute	[ "Chemistry" ]	281	[ "Combustion" ]
52,842,615	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20McClelland%20%28physicist%29	David Ernest McClelland is an Australian physicist, with his research focused on the development of the manipulation and control of optical quantum states, and its implementation into gravitational wave observatories. He is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science, the American Physical Society and the Optical So...	David McClelland (physicist)	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	611	[ "Astronomical sub-disciplines", "Gravitational-wave astronomy", "Astrophysics" ]
52,845,350	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hester%20Biosciences	Hester Biosciences Limited (HBL) is a publicly traded Indian animal and poultry vaccines manufacturing company, headquartered in Ahmedabad. Hester has plants situated in Gujarat and Nepal. Hester has a 30% share of the poultry vaccines market in India, making it the country's second largest poultry vaccine manufacturer...	Hester Biosciences	[ "Biology" ]	575	[ "Biotechnology in India", "Biotechnology by country" ]
52,845,426	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus%20monodii	Aspergillus monodii is a coprophilic species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus which has been isolated from an arid zone in Africa. References Further reading monodii Fungi described in 2011 Fungus species	Aspergillus monodii	[ "Biology" ]	48	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
52,845,553	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus%20astellatus	Aspergillus astellatus is a species of the genus of Aspergillus. It is from the Nidulantes section. Aspergillus astellatus produces Aflatoxin B1, Aflatoxin B2 and sterigmatocystin. Growth and morphology A. astellatus has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAO...	Aspergillus astellatus	[ "Biology" ]	126	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
52,846,697	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B8nne%20%28unit%29	A tønne (plural tønner) is an old Norwegian unit of volume equivalent to a barrel. There was a dry tønne and a liquid tønne. The volume of a tønne has varied over time in Norway, including many local variations. The dry tønne was standardized in 1824 as equivalent to . A tønne of potatoes weighed about . A dry tønne w...	Tønne (unit)	[ "Mathematics" ]	189	[ "Units of volume", "Obsolete units of measurement", "Quantity", "Units of measurement" ]
52,846,723	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution%20of%20molecular%20chaperones	Chaperones, also called molecular chaperones, are proteins that assist other proteins in assuming their three-dimensional fold, which is necessary for protein function. However, the fold of a protein is sensitive to environmental conditions, such as temperature and pH, and thus chaperones are needed to keep proteins in...	Evolution of molecular chaperones	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,485	[ "Evolutionary processes", "Protein biosynthesis", "Molecular evolution", "Gene expression", "Evolutionary biology concepts", "Biosynthesis", "Molecular biology", "Homeostasis" ]
52,846,745	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospeciation	Cospeciation is a form of coevolution in which the speciation of one species dictates speciation of another species and is most commonly studied in host-parasite relationships. In the case of a host-parasite relationship, if two hosts of the same species get within close proximity of each other, parasites of the same s...	Cospeciation	[ "Biology" ]	1,340	[ "Evolutionary processes", "Speciation", "Biological rules", "nan" ]
52,846,747	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic%20coevolution	Mosaic coevolution is a theory in which geographic location and community ecology shape differing coevolution between strongly interacting species in multiple populations. These populations may be separated by space and/or time. Depending on the ecological conditions, the interspecific interactions may be mutualistic o...	Mosaic coevolution	[ "Biology" ]	929	[ "Evolutionary biology" ]
52,846,751	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countergradient%20variation	Countergradient variation is a type of phenotypic plasticity that occurs when the phenotypic variation determined by a biological population's genetic components opposes the phenotypic variation caused by an environmental gradient. This can cause different populations of the same organism to display similar phenotypes ...	Countergradient variation	[ "Biology" ]	1,583	[ "Evolutionary biology", "Genetics" ]
52,847,015	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xing%20Qiyi	Xing Qiyi () was a Chinese organic chemist who contributed to the total synthesis of bovine insulin, Xing is still well-known nowadays in China as the main editor of a highly-influential organic chemistry textbook. He was a member of China Democratic League since 1952. Early life and education Xing received Chinese t...	Xing Qiyi	[ "Chemistry" ]	446	[ "Organic chemists", "Chinese organic chemists" ]
52,847,079	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronverter	Synchronverters or virtual synchronous generators are inverters which mimic synchronous generators (SG) to provide "synthetic inertia" for ancillary services in electric power systems. Inertia is a property of standard synchronous generators associated with the rotating physical mass of the system spinning at a freque...	Synchronverter	[ "Engineering" ]	1,171	[ "Electronic engineering", "Power electronics" ]
52,848,120	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clebsch%20representation	In physics and mathematics, the Clebsch representation of an arbitrary three-dimensional vector field is: where the scalar fields and are known as Clebsch potentials or Monge potentials, named after Alfred Clebsch (1833–1872) and Gaspard Monge (1746–1818), and is the gradient operator. Background In fluid dynami...	Clebsch representation	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	344	[ "Plasma physics", "Chemical engineering", "Plasma theory and modeling", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics" ]
52,849,976	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie%20View%20Rotamak	The Prairie View (PV) Rotamak is a plasma physics experiment at Prairie View A&M University. The experiment studies magnetic plasma confinement to support controlled nuclear fusion experiments. Specifically, the PV Rotamak can be used as either a spherical tokamak or a field-reversed configuration. Some time between 20...	Prairie View Rotamak	[ "Physics" ]	715	[ "Experimental physics", "Physics experiments", "Plasma physics facilities", "Plasma physics" ]
52,850,088	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared%20Array%20Camera	The Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) was an infrared camera system on the Spitzer Space Telescope which operated in the mid-infrared spectrum. It was composed of four detectors that operated simultaneously at different wavelengths; all four were in use until 2009 May 15 when the Spitzer cryostat ran out of liquid helium. A...	Infrared Array Camera	[ "Astronomy" ]	722	[ "Astronomical instruments", "Astronomy image sensors", "Space telescopes", "Spitzer Space Telescope" ]
52,850,857	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical%20comet%20observations%20in%20China	Chinese records of comets are the most extensive and accurate in existence from the ancient and medieval periods, and stretch back across three millennia. Records exist at least as far back as 613 BC, and records may have been kept for many centuries before this. There are continuous records all the way through to th...	Historical comet observations in China	[ "Astronomy" ]	2,006	[ "Astronomical sub-disciplines", "Observational astronomy", "Astronomy in China", "History of astronomy" ]
52,850,872	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20copy%20theory	Double copy theory is a theory in theoretical physics, specifically in quantum gravity, that hypothesizes a perturbative duality between gauge theory and gravity. The theory says that scattering amplitudes in non-Abelian gauge theories can be factorized such that replacement of the color factor by additional kinematic ...	Double copy theory	[ "Physics" ]	231	[ "Theoretical physics", "Quantum mechanics", "General relativity", "Relativity stubs", "Theory of relativity", "Quantum physics stubs" ]
52,852,412	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopus%20stone	The octopus stone, Taiko-ishi 蛸石 (also called "Drum Rock") is a large stone at Osaka Castle in Japan. The stone is near Sakura Gate. It is one of the largest of several megaliths at the castle (by face area), at 5.5×11.7 meters and over . Its name is derived from the octopus shape visible on its lower left corner. S...	Octopus stone	[ "Physics" ]	96	[ "Stones", "Physical objects", "Matter" ]
52,853,277	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%20391	NGC 391 is an unbarred lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on January 8, 1853, by George Bond. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, small, mottled but not resolved (Auwers 9)." References External links 0391 18530108 Cetus Unbarred lenticular galaxies 003976	NGC 391	[ "Astronomy" ]	81	[ "Cetus", "Constellations" ]
52,853,371	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%20392	NGC 392 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on September 12, 1784, by William Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, very small, round, much brighter middle, between 2 stars." One supernova has been observed in NGC 392: SN2020orw (typeIa, mag. 17.4). See also List ...	NGC 392	[ "Astronomy" ]	132	[ "Pisces (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
52,853,417	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%20393	NGC 393 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 5, 1784, by William Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, very small, very little extended, gradually brighter middle, four small (faint) stars near." References 0393 00707 +06-03-015 04061 17841005 Andromeda...	NGC 393	[ "Astronomy" ]	92	[ "Andromeda (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
52,855,912	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%20calcium%20edetate	Sodium calcium edetate (sodium calcium EDTA), also known as edetate calcium disodium among other names, is a medication primarily used to treat lead poisoning, including both short-term and long-term lead poisoning. Sodium calcium edetate came into medical use in the United States in 1953. Chelation agent Sodium calc...	Sodium calcium edetate	[ "Chemistry" ]	339	[ "Organic sodium salts", "Salts" ]
52,855,933	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangalore%20Anantha%20Pai	Mangalore Anantha Pai (5 October 1931 – 2 March 2023) was an Indian electrical engineer, academic and a professor emeritus at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. A former professor of electrical engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, he is known for his contributions in the fields of pow...	Mangalore Anantha Pai	[ "Engineering" ]	1,551	[ "Power engineering", "Electrical engineering", "Energy engineering" ]
52,856,410	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A5g	A våg (plural våger) or vog is an old Scandinavian unit of mass. The standardized landsvåg, which was introduced in Norway with the new system of weights and measures in 1875, corresponded to three bismerpund, or . The våg was used in Eastern Norway, Western Norway, and Northern Norway, but it varied in weight. Previ...	Våg	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	179	[ "Obsolete units of measurement", "Matter", "Quantity", "Units of mass", "Mass", "Units of measurement" ]
42,688,214	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirp%20spectrum	The spectrum of a chirp pulse describes its characteristics in terms of its frequency components. This frequency-domain representation is an alternative to the more familiar time-domain waveform, and the two versions are mathematically related by the Fourier transform. The spectrum is of particular interest when pul...	Chirp spectrum	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	4,879	[ "Telecommunications engineering", "Computer engineering", "Signal processing" ]
42,689,156	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological%20oxidizer	A biological oxidizer is a device that uses micro-organisms to treat wastewater and the volatile organic compounds produced by commercial and industrial operations. Biological oxidation devices convert biodegradable organic compounds into carbon dioxide and water. This is a natural occurring process which differs from ...	Biological oxidizer	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	1,043	[ "Chemical equipment", "Chemical engineering", "Pollution control technologies", "Civil engineering", "nan", "Environmental engineering" ]
42,689,427	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball-pen%20probe	A ball-pen probe is a modified Langmuir probe used to measure the plasma potential in magnetized plasmas. The ball-pen probe balances the electron and ion saturation currents, so that its floating potential is equal to the plasma potential. Because electrons have a much smaller gyroradius than ions, a moving ceramic sh...	Ball-pen probe	[ "Physics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	905	[ "Plasma diagnostics", "Measuring instruments", "Plasma physics" ]
42,689,739	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSA%20Foundation	The HSA Foundation is a not-for-profit engineering organization of industry and academia that works on the development of the Heterogeneous System Architecture (HSA), a set of royalty-free computer hardware specifications, as well as open source software development tools needed to use HSA features in application softw...	HSA Foundation	[ "Engineering" ]	423	[ "Software engineering", "Software engineering organizations" ]
42,689,830	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamaz%20Typhoon	KamAZ Typhoon () is a family of Russian multi-functional, modular, armored mine-resistant ambush protected vehicles manufactured by the Russian truck builder KAMAZ. The Typhoon family is part of Russia's Typhoon program. As of 2021, the number of Typhoons in the Russian Armed Forces fleet was about 330 units of Typhoo...	Kamaz Typhoon	[ "Engineering" ]	1,121	[ "Engineering vehicles", "Military engineering", "Military engineering vehicles" ]
42,690,608	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange%20nonchaotic%20attractor	In mathematics, a strange nonchaotic attractor (SNA) is a form of attractor which, while converging to a limit, is strange, because it is not piecewise differentiable, and also non-chaotic, in that its Lyapunov exponents are non-positive. SNAs were introduced as a topic of study by Grebogi et al. in 1984. SNAs can be d...	Strange nonchaotic attractor	[ "Mathematics" ]	462	[ "Limit sets", "Topology", "Dynamical systems" ]
42,690,935	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic%20hotspot	Toxic hotspots are locations where emissions from specific sources such as water or air pollution may expose local populations to elevated health risks, such as cancer. These emissions contribute to cumulative health risks of emissions from other sources nearby. Urban, highly populated areas around pollutant emitters s...	Toxic hotspot	[ "Chemistry", "Technology", "Environmental_science" ]	4,163	[ "Environmental chemistry", "Soil contamination", "Radioactive contamination", "Environmental impact of nuclear power" ]
42,691,004	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20Hobbs%20%28mathematician%29	Arthur Marmaduke Hobbs (19 June 1940 – 25 October 2020) was an American mathematician specializing in graph theory. He spent his teaching career at Texas A&M University. Early and personal life Arthur Hobbs was born on June 19, 1940, in Washington, D.C. He was the eldest child of his family, having two younger brother...	Arthur Hobbs (mathematician)	[ "Mathematics" ]	907	[ "Mathematical relations", "Graph theory", "Graph theorists" ]
42,691,680	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CeCoIn5	{{DISPLAYTITLE:CeCoIn5}} CeCoIn5 ("Cerium-Cobalt-Indium 5") is a heavy-fermion superconductor with a layered crystal structure, with somewhat two-dimensional electronic transport properties. The critical temperature of 2.3 K is the highest among all of the Ce-based heavy-fermion superconductors. Material system CeCo...	CeCoIn5	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	674	[ "Inorganic compounds", "Metallurgy", "Superconductivity", "Correlated electrons", "Alloys", "Intermetallics", "Condensed matter physics", "Superconductors" ]
42,691,862	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave%20imaging	Microwave imaging is a science which has been evolved from older detecting/locating techniques (e.g., radar) in order to evaluate hidden or embedded objects in a structure (or media) using electromagnetic (EM) waves in microwave regime (i.e., ~300 MHz-300 GHz). Engineering and application oriented microwave imaging for...	Microwave imaging	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	2,159	[ "Measuring instruments" ]
42,692,210	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon%20%28armored%20fighting%20vehicles%20family%29	Typhoon is a Russian family of Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) armored fighting vehicles (AFVs) in service since 2014. Around 120 Russian companies including KamAZ, Gaz-Group, and Bauman University, etc. are taking part in Typhoon program. The main aim of the program is to design a unified platform for all Russi...	Typhoon (armored fighting vehicles family)	[ "Engineering" ]	866	[ "Engineering vehicles", "Military engineering", "Military engineering vehicles" ]
42,692,467	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galium%20%C3%97%20pomeranicum	Galium × pomeranicum is a species of plants in the family Rubiaceae, named for the region historically called Pomerania, now divided between Germany and Poland. The plant is apparently of hybrid origin, a cross between G. album × G. verum, though established in the wild. It is widespread across most of Europe and spari...	Galium × pomeranicum	[ "Biology" ]	211	[ "Hybrid plants", "Plants", "Hybrid organisms" ]
42,692,493	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-speed%20pre-ignition	Low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI), also known as stochastic pre-ignition (SPI), is a pre-ignition event that occurs in gasoline vehicle engines when there is a premature ignition of the main fuel charge. LSPI is most common in certain turbocharged direct-injection vehicles operating in low-speed and high-load driving condi...	Low-speed pre-ignition	[ "Technology" ]	604	[ "Engine problems", "Engines" ]
42,693,900	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham%20Neyman	Abraham Neyman (born June 14, 1949, Israel) is an Israeli mathematician and game theorist, Professor of Mathematics at the Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality and the Einstein Institute of Mathematics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel. He served as president of the Israeli Chapter of the Game T...	Abraham Neyman	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,520	[ "Game theorists", "Game theory" ]
42,695,580	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigilance%20%28behavioural%20ecology%29	Vigilance, in the field of behavioural ecology, refers to an animal's monitoring of its surroundings in order to heighten awareness of predator presence. Vigilance is an important behaviour during foraging as animals must often venture away from the safety of shelter to find food. However, being vigilant comes at the e...	Vigilance (behavioural ecology)	[ "Biology" ]	3,084	[ "Behavioural sciences", "Ethology", "Behavior", "Behavioral ecology" ]
42,695,664	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt%20Jensen%20%28computer%20scientist%29	Kurt Jensen (born 1950) is a Danish computer science professor at Aarhus University has been writing peer-reviewed papers since 1976, and by 2014 had an h-index of 32. He is best known for his research into coloured Petri nets. References Living people 1950 births Academic staff of Aarhus University Danish computer s...	Kurt Jensen (computer scientist)	[ "Technology" ]	72	[ "Computing stubs", "Computer specialist stubs" ]
42,696,496	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanica	Afghanica (C. sativa subsp. indica 'Skunk 1' × C. sativa 'Afghani 1'), not to be confused with Afghan Kush, is a hybrid strain of cannabis. Its origination plants were Afghani #1 and so-called "Original" Skunk. Growing up to 1.83 m (6 ft.) tall, it is short and stocky with broad leaves a lush canopy, and dense buds as ...	Afghanica	[ "Biology" ]	392	[ "Cannabis strains", "Biopiracy" ]
42,699,051	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QIVICON	Qivicon is an alliance of companies from different industries that was founded in 2011 by Deutsche Telekom. These companies collaborate on a cross-vendor wireless home automation solution that has been available in the German market since the fall of 2013. It includes products in the areas of energy, security, and comf...	QIVICON	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,028	[ "Home automation", "Building engineering", "Building engineering organizations", "Automation", "Building automation" ]
42,699,154	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetorheological%20elastomer	Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) (also called magnetosensitive elastomers) are a class of solids that consist of polymeric matrix with embedded micro- or nano-sized ferromagnetic particles such as carbonyl iron. As a result of this composite microstructure, the mechanical properties of these materials can be contro...	Magnetorheological elastomer	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	628	[ "Polymer physics", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Synthetic materials", "Materials science", "Elastomers", "Polymer chemistry", "nan" ]
42,699,525	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing%20Floor%202	Killing Floor 2 is a first-person shooter video game developed and published by Tripwire Interactive, with later support from Saber Interactive. It is a sequel to 2009's Killing Floor. An early access version of the game was released for Microsoft Windows in April 2015, and the game was released in November 2016 for Wi...	Killing Floor 2	[ "Physics" ]	2,613	[ "Asymmetrical multiplayer video games", "Symmetry", "Asymmetry" ]
42,699,853	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod%20and%20frame%20test	The rod and frame test is a psychophysical method of testing perception. It relies on the use of a rod and frame apparatus which uses a rotating rod set inside an individually rotatable drum, allowing an experimenter to vary the participant's frame of reference and thus test for their perception of vertical. Rod and f...	Rod and frame test	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	854	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Coordinate systems", "Frames of reference", "Psychophysics", "Classical mechanics", "Theory of relativity" ]
42,700,066	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytodeme	The Cytodeme is the total assembly of organisms that use an identical suite of chromosomes to carry their genes. The term was first printed in the 1950s in a book by Heslop-Harrison. Discussing the Deme Terminology - he continued "cytodeme, a population differing in some distinctive cytological feature from others." In...	Cytodeme	[ "Biology" ]	1,181	[ "Genetics" ]
38,484,030	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative%20noise	In signal processing, the term multiplicative noise refers to an unwanted random signal that gets multiplied into some relevant signal during capture, transmission, or other processing. An important example is the speckle noise commonly observed in radar imagery. Examples of multiplicative noise affecting digital pho...	Multiplicative noise	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	114	[ "Telecommunications engineering", "Computer engineering", "Signal processing" ]
38,484,286	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/52%20Sagittarii	52 Sagittarii is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Sagittarius. It has the Bayer designation h2 Sagittarii, while 52 Sagittarii is the Flamsteed designation. This system is visible to the naked eye as a faint, blue-white hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.59. It is located ap...	52 Sagittarii	[ "Astronomy" ]	357	[ "Sagittarius (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
38,484,294	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%20165634	HD 165634 is a star in the southern constellation of Sagittarius. It has a yellow hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with apparent visual magnitude of 4.56. The star is located at a distance of approximately 339 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −5 km/...	HD 165634	[ "Astronomy" ]	360	[ "Sagittarius (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
38,484,304	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%20167818	HD 167818 is a class K3II (orange bright giant) star in the constellation Sagittarius. Its apparent magnitude is 4.66 and it is approximately 760 light years away based on parallax. References Sagittarius (constellation) K-type bright giants CD-27 12684 089678 6842 167818	HD 167818	[ "Astronomy" ]	76	[ "Sagittarius (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
38,484,318	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%20189831	HD 189831 is a class K5III (orange giant) star in the constellation Sagittarius. Its apparent magnitude is 4.77 and it is approximately 366 light years away based on parallax. References Sagittarius (constellation) K-type giants CD-38 13828 098761 7652 189831	HD 189831	[ "Astronomy" ]	72	[ "Sagittarius (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
38,484,338	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/21%20Sagittarii	21 Sagittarii is a binary star system in the southern zodiac constellation of Sagittarius. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint point of light with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.81. The system is located approximately 410 light years away from the Sun based on parallax. It is moving closer to the Earth...	21 Sagittarii	[ "Astronomy" ]	306	[ "Sagittarius (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
38,485,598	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WINGCON	WINGCON AG is a German company that operates in the telecommunications industry. The company is specialized to design, develop and provide telecom products as well as consulting services worldwide with focus on GSM-Railway. WINGCON's communication products include Blackbox Recording Centers (voice & video recording sys...	WINGCON	[ "Technology" ]	96	[ "Telecommunications systems", "nan" ]

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