Split (1)

train · 182k rows

id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 31 227	text stringlengths 6 334k	source stringlengths 1 150 ⌀	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 71.8k	subcategories listlengths 0 30
5,478,813	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-stage	T-stage is a British term for a compressor used in a particular concept for a variable cycle combat engine. The T-stage is part of the HP rotor in this concept. A US concept for a variable cycle combat engine also uses a similar compressor arrangement as part of the HP rotor. It is called a core driven fan stage (CDFS...	T-stage	[ "Technology" ]	117	[ "Jet engines", "Engines" ]
5,479,047	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic%20orifice	The aortic orifice (aortic opening) is a circular opening, in front and to the right of the left atrioventricular orifice, from which it is separated by the anterior cusp of the bicuspid valve. It is guarded by the aortic semilunar valve. The portion of the ventricle immediately below the aortic orifice is termed the...	Aortic orifice	[ "Biology" ]	109	[ "Organ systems", "Circulatory system" ]
5,479,075	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid%20modes%20of%20evolution	Rapid modes of evolution have been proposed by several notable biologists after Charles Darwin proposed his theory of evolutionary descent by natural selection. In his book On the Origin of Species (1859), Darwin stressed the gradual nature of descent, writing: It may be said that natural selection is daily and hourly...	Rapid modes of evolution	[ "Biology" ]	532	[ "Evolutionary biology" ]
5,479,275	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-stage	Jet engines and other gas turbine engines are often uprated by adding a zero-stage, sometimes written '0' stage, to the front of a compressor. At a given core size, adding a stage to the front of the compressor not only increases the cycle overall pressure ratio, but increases the core mass flow. A further uprating ma...	Zero-stage	[ "Technology" ]	724	[ "Jet engines", "Engines" ]
5,479,431	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20quadratic%20form	In mathematics, a universal quadratic form is a quadratic form over a ring that represents every element of the ring. A non-singular form over a field which represents zero non-trivially is universal. Examples Over the real numbers, the form x2 in one variable is not universal, as it cannot represent negative number...	Universal quadratic form	[ "Mathematics" ]	248	[ "Quadratic forms", "Number theory" ]
5,480,019	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunochemistry	Immunochemistry is the study of the chemistry of the immune system. This involves the study of the properties, functions, interactions and production of the chemical components (antibodies/immunoglobulins, toxin, epitopes of proteins like CD4, antitoxins, cytokines/chemokines, antigens) of the immune system. It also ...	Immunochemistry	[ "Biology" ]	380	[ "Branches of immunology" ]
5,480,302	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiation%20in%20Fr%C3%A9chet%20spaces	In mathematics, in particular in functional analysis and nonlinear analysis, it is possible to define the derivative of a function between two Fréchet spaces. This notion of differentiation, as it is Gateaux derivative between Fréchet spaces, is significantly weaker than the derivative in a Banach space, even between ...	Differentiation in Fréchet spaces	[ "Mathematics" ]	650	[ "Mathematical analysis", "Functions and mappings", "Vector spaces", "Calculus", "Mathematical objects", "Space (mathematics)", "Topological vector spaces", "Mathematical relations", "Differential calculus" ]
5,480,422	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%20cycling	Field cycling is a measurement method which uses variable magnetic fields to measure the magnetization of a sample. Fast field cycling is the same method except with fast switchable magnetic fields. Field cycling is either "mechanical" or "electrical." Mechanical field cycling moves the sample between two positions wi...	Field cycling	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	151	[ "Quantity", "Physical quantities", "Measurement", "Size" ]
5,480,561	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recliner	A recliner is an armchair or sofa that reclines when the occupant lowers the chair's back and raises its front. It has a backrest that can be tilted back, and often a footrest that may be extended by means of a lever on the side of the chair, or may extend automatically when the back is reclined. A recliner is also kn...	Recliner	[ "Engineering" ]	633	[ "Accessibility", "Design" ]
5,480,651	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialise%20Mimics	Materialise Mimics is an image processing software for 3D design and modeling, developed by Materialise NV, a Belgian company specialized in additive manufacturing software and technology for medical, dental and additive manufacturing industries. Materialise Mimics is used to create 3D surface models from stacks of 2D ...	Materialise Mimics	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	406	[ "Biological engineering", "Medical technology", "Biomedical engineering" ]
5,480,870	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperland	Hyperland is a 50-minute-long documentary film about hypertext and surrounding technologies. It was written by Douglas Adams and produced and directed by Max Whitby for BBC Two in 1990. It stars Douglas Adams as a computer user and Tom Baker, with whom Adams had already worked on Doctor Who, as a personification of a s...	Hyperland	[ "Technology" ]	853	[ "Multimedia" ]
5,481,051	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Women%20Geoscientists	The Association for Women Geoscientists (AWG) is an international professional organization which promotes the professional development of its members, provides geoscience outreach to girls, and encourages the participation of girls and women in the geosciences. Membership is open to all who support AWG's goals. Membe...	Association for Women Geoscientists	[ "Technology" ]	385	[ "Organizations for women in science and technology", "Women in science and technology" ]
5,481,056	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogical%20modeling	Analogical modeling (AM) is a formal theory of exemplar based analogical reasoning, proposed by Royal Skousen, professor of Linguistics and English language at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. It is applicable to language modeling and other categorization tasks. Analogical modeling is related to connectionism a...	Analogical modeling	[ "Technology" ]	2,812	[ "Natural language and computing", "Computational linguistics" ]
5,481,270	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LetterWise	LetterWise and WordWise were predictive text entry systems developed by Eatoni Ergonomics (Eatoni) for handheld devices with ambiguous keyboards / keypads, typically non-smart traditional cellphones and portable devices with keypads. All patents covering those systems have expired. LetterWise used a prefix based predi...	LetterWise	[ "Technology" ]	1,896	[ "Input methods for handheld devices" ]
5,481,296	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iterated%20binary%20operation	In mathematics, an iterated binary operation is an extension of a binary operation on a set S to a function on finite sequences of elements of S through repeated application. Common examples include the extension of the addition operation to the summation operation, and the extension of the multiplication operation to ...	Iterated binary operation	[ "Mathematics" ]	867	[ "Binary operations", "Mathematical relations", "Binary relations" ]
5,481,404	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale-space%20axioms	In image processing and computer vision, a scale space framework can be used to represent an image as a family of gradually smoothed images. This framework is very general and a variety of scale space representations exist. A typical approach for choosing a particular type of scale space representation is to establis...	Scale-space axioms	[ "Engineering" ]	806	[ "Artificial intelligence engineering", "Packaging machinery", "Computer vision" ]
573,644	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loyd%20Blankenship	Loyd Blankenship (born 1965), better known by his pseudonym The Mentor, is an American computer hacker and writer. He has been active since the 1970s, when he was a member of the hacker groups Extasyy Elite and Legion of Doom. Writings Hacker Manifesto He is the author of The Conscience of a Hacker (also known as The...	Loyd Blankenship	[ "Technology" ]	249	[ "Lists of people in STEM fields", "Hackers" ]
573,694	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20%C3%89douard%20Guillaume	Charles Édouard Guillaume (; 15 February 1861 – 13 May 1938) was a Swiss physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1920 "for the service he had rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys". In 1919, he gave the fifth Guthrie Lecture at the Institute of P...	Charles Édouard Guillaume	[ "Physics" ]	903	[ "Experimental physics", "Experimental physicists" ]
573,844	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromancy	Aeromancy (from Greek ἀήρ aḗr, "air", and manteia, "divination") is divination that is conducted by interpreting atmospheric conditions. Alternate terms include "arologie", "aeriology", and "aërology". Practice Aeromancy uses cloud formations, wind currents, and cosmological events such as comets, to attempt to divine...	Aeromancy	[ "Physics" ]	460	[ "Weather", "Weather prediction", "Physical phenomena" ]
573,846	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manne%20Siegbahn	Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn (; 3 December 1886 – 26 September 1978) was a Swedish physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy". Biography Siegbahn was born in Örebro, Sweden, the son of Georg Siegbahn and his wife, Emma Zetterberg. He gr...	Manne Siegbahn	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	746	[ "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Physical chemists", "Analytical chemists", "Spectroscopists", "Experimental physics", "Spectroscopy", "Experimental physicists" ]
573,875	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement%20in%20quantum%20mechanics	In quantum physics, a measurement is the testing or manipulation of a physical system to yield a numerical result. A fundamental feature of quantum theory is that the predictions it makes are probabilistic. The procedure for finding a probability involves combining a quantum state, which mathematically describes a quan...	Measurement in quantum mechanics	[ "Physics" ]	5,548	[ "Philosophy of physics", "Quantum measurement", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Quantum mechanics" ]
573,880	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuned%20universe	The fine-tuned universe is the hypothesis that, because "life as we know it" could not exist if the constants of nature – such as the electron charge, the gravitational constant and others – had been even slightly different, the universe must be tuned specifically for life. In practice, this hypothesis is formulated in...	Fine-tuned universe	[ "Physics", "Astronomy", "Engineering" ]	3,814	[ "Astronomical hypotheses", "Astronomical sub-disciplines", "Philosophy of astronomy", "Intelligent design", "Theoretical physics", "Astrophysics", "Astronomical controversies", "Design", "Anthropic principle", "Physical cosmology" ]
573,943	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20protection%20fault	A general protection fault (GPF) in the x86 instruction set architectures (ISAs) is a fault (a type of interrupt) initiated by ISA-defined protection mechanisms in response to an access violation caused by some running code, either in the kernel or a user program. The mechanism is first described in Intel manuals and d...	General protection fault	[ "Technology" ]	1,590	[ "Computer errors" ]
574,024	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%20transform	In mathematics and signal processing, the Hilbert transform is a specific singular integral that takes a function, of a real variable and produces another function of a real variable . The Hilbert transform is given by the Cauchy principal value of the convolution with the function (see ). The Hilbert transform ha...	Hilbert transform	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	4,887	[ "Telecommunications engineering", "Computer engineering", "Signal processing" ]
574,169	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blacklight%20paint	Black light paint or black light fluorescent paint is luminous paint that glows under a black light. It is based on pigments that respond to light in the ultraviolet segment of the electromagnetic spectrum. The paint may or may not be colorful under ordinary light. Black light paint should not be confused with phosphor...	Blacklight paint	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	817	[ "Paints", "Coatings", "Materials", "Printing materials", "Matter" ]
574,337	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochran%27s%20theorem	In statistics, Cochran's theorem, devised by William G. Cochran, is a theorem used to justify results relating to the probability distributions of statistics that are used in the analysis of variance. Examples Sample mean and sample variance If X1, ..., Xn are independent normally distributed random variables with m...	Cochran's theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	788	[ "Mathematical problems", "Mathematical theorems", "Theorems in statistics" ]
574,491	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pessary	A pessary is a prosthetic device inserted into the vagina for structural and pharmaceutical purposes. It is most commonly used to treat stress urinary incontinence to stop urinary leakage and to treat pelvic organ prolapse to maintain the location of organs in the pelvic region. It can also be used to administer medica...	Pessary	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	2,834	[ "Pharmacology", "Drug delivery devices", "Medical equipment", "Medical technology" ]
574,544	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20motion	In physics, circular motion is movement of an object along the circumference of a circle or rotation along a circular arc. It can be uniform, with a constant rate of rotation and constant tangential speed, or non-uniform with a changing rate of rotation. The rotation around a fixed axis of a three-dimensional body invo...	Circular motion	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	2,834	[ "Physical phenomena", "Classical mechanics", "Rotation", "Motion (physics)", "Mechanics", "Space", "Spacetime", "Circles", "Pi" ]
574,570	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial%20lift	An aerial lift, also known as a cable car or ropeway, is a means of cable transport in which cabins, cars, gondolas, or open chairs are hauled above the ground by means of one or more cables. Aerial lift systems are frequently employed in a mountainous territory where roads are relatively difficult to build and use, an...	Aerial lift	[ "Technology" ]	1,254	[ "Vertical transport devices", "Transport systems" ]
574,587	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KIO	KIO (KDE Input/Output) is a system library incorporated into KDE Frameworks and KDE Software Compilation 4. It provides access to files, web sites and other resources through a single consistent API. Applications, such as Konqueror and Dolphin, which are written using this framework, can operate on files stored on re...	KIO	[ "Technology" ]	261	[ "KDE Platform", "KDE Frameworks", "Computing platforms" ]
574,759	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed%20forward%20%28control%29	A feed forward (sometimes written feedforward) is an element or pathway within a control system that passes a controlling signal from a source in its external environment to a load elsewhere in its external environment. This is often a command signal from an external operator. In control engineering, a feedforward con...	Feed forward (control)	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	4,596	[ "Applied mathematics", "Control theory", "Automation", "Control engineering", "Dynamical systems" ]
574,775	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction%20layer	In computing, an abstraction layer or abstraction level is a way of hiding the working details of a subsystem. Examples of software models that use layers of abstraction include the OSI model for network protocols, OpenGL, and other graphics libraries, which allow the separation of concerns to facilitate interoperabili...	Abstraction layer	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	845	[ "Computers", "Computer engineering", "Computer architecture" ]
574,917	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocrine%20signaling	Autocrine signaling is a form of cell signaling in which a cell secretes a hormone or chemical messenger (called the autocrine agent) that binds to autocrine receptors on that same cell, leading to changes in the cell. This can be contrasted with paracrine signaling, intracrine signaling, or classical endocrine signali...	Autocrine signaling	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	2,035	[ "Biochemistry", "Neurochemistry", "Signal transduction" ]
575,176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Such drugs are usually obtained by a doctor's...	Antifungal	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	2,387	[ "Anti-infective agents", "Fungicides", "Chemicals in medicine", "Biocides" ]
575,207	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1862%20Apollo	1862 Apollo is a stony asteroid, approximately 1.5 kilometers in diameter, classified as a near-Earth object (NEO). It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory on 24 April 1932, but lost and not recovered until 1973. It is the namesake and the first recognized member of the Apollo a...	1862 Apollo	[ "Astronomy" ]	564	[ "Recovered astronomical objects", "Astronomical objects" ]
575,388	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand-kissing	Hand-kissing is a greeting gesture that indicates courtesy, politeness, respect, admiration, affection or even devotion by one person toward another. A hand-kiss is considered a respectful way for a gentleman to greet a lady. Today, non-ritual hand-kissing is rare and takes place mostly within conservative class or di...	Hand-kissing	[ "Biology" ]	1,441	[ "Behavior", "Gestures", "Human behavior" ]
575,454	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin	Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines (secreted proteins and signal molecules) that are expressed and secreted by white blood cells (leukocytes) as well as some other body cells. The human genome encodes more than 50 interleukins and related proteins. The function of the immune system primarily depends on interl...	Interleukin	[ "Chemistry" ]	3,349	[ "Cytokines", "Signal transduction" ]
575,603	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five%20Suns	In creation myths, the term "Five Suns" refers to the belief of certain Nahua cultures and Aztec peoples that the world has gone through five distinct cycles of creation and destruction, with the current era being the fifth. It is primarily derived from a combination of myths, cosmologies, and eschatological beliefs th...	Five Suns	[ "Astronomy" ]	3,096	[ "Cosmogony", "Creation myths" ]
575,613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	There are 95 moons of Jupiter with confirmed orbits . This number does not include a number of meter-sized moonlets thought to be shed from the inner moons, nor hundreds of possible kilometer-sized outer irregular moons that were only briefly captured by telescopes. All together, Jupiter's moons form a satellite system...	Moons of Jupiter	[ "Astronomy" ]	4,765	[ "Outer space", "Solar System" ]
575,641	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casting%20out%20nines	Casting out nines is any of three arithmetical procedures: Adding the decimal digits of a positive whole number, while optionally ignoring any 9s or digits which sum to 9 or a multiple of 9. The result of this procedure is a number which is smaller than the original whenever the original has more than one digit, leaves...	Casting out nines	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	2,077	[ "Arithmetic", "Reliability engineering", "Number theory", "Error detection and correction" ]
575,697	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminformatics	Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to the use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "in silico" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problems in the field of chemistry, including in its applications to biology and rel...	Cheminformatics	[ "Chemistry", "Mathematics", "Technology", "Biology" ]	968	[ "Computational fields of study", "Life sciences industry", "Drug discovery", "Applied mathematics", "Theoretical chemistry", "Computational chemistry", "Computing and society", "Cheminformatics", "nan", "Medicinal chemistry", "Applied statistics" ]
575,749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	The moons of Saturn are numerous and diverse, ranging from tiny moonlets only tens of meters across to the enormous Titan, which is larger than the planet Mercury. There are 146 moons with confirmed orbits, the most of any planet in the Solar System. This number does not include the many thousands of moonlets embedded ...	Moons of Saturn	[ "Astronomy" ]	7,689	[ "Outer space", "Solar System" ]
575,754	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Gilles%20de%20Gennes	Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (; 24 October 1932 – 18 May 2007) was a French physicist and the Nobel Prize laureate in physics in 1991. Education and early life He was born in Paris, France, and was home-schooled to the age of 12. By the age of 13, he had adopted adult reading habits and was visiting museums. Later, de Genn...	Pierre-Gilles de Gennes	[ "Physics" ]	1,011	[ "Experimental physics", "Experimental physicists" ]
575,776	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal%20dose	In toxicology, the lethal dose (LD) is an indication of the lethal toxicity of a given substance or type of radiation. Because resistance varies from one individual to another, the "lethal dose" represents a dose (usually recorded as dose per kilogram of subject body weight) at which a given percentage of subjects will...	Lethal dose	[ "Environmental_science" ]	1,806	[ "Toxicology" ]
575,893	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft%20Event%20Time	Spacecraft Event Time (SCET) is the spacecraft-local time for events that happen at the spacecraft. SCET is used for command programs that control the timing of spacecraft operations and to identify when specific events occur on the spacecraft relative to Earth time. SCET versus Earth time Since signals between the ...	Spacecraft Event Time	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	615	[ "Physical quantities", "Time", "Astronomical coordinate systems", "Spacetime", "Time scales" ]
575,912	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research%20chemical	Research chemicals are chemical substances scientists use for medical and scientific research purposes. One characteristic of a research chemical is that it is for laboratory research use only; a research chemical is not intended for human or veterinary use. This distinction is required on the labels of research chemic...	Research chemical	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	136	[ "Life sciences industry", "Drug discovery", "nan", "Medicinal chemistry", "Biochemistry" ]
575,920	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncomouse	The OncoMouse or Harvard mouse is a type of laboratory mouse (Mus musculus) that has been genetically modified using modifications designed by Philip Leder and Timothy A Stewart of Harvard University to carry a specific gene called an activated oncogene (v-Ha-ras under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus promo...	Oncomouse	[ "Technology", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	1,149	[ "Bioethics", "Genetic engineering", "Genetically modified organisms", "Ethics of science and technology" ]
576,108	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric%20equation	In mathematics, a parametric equation expresses several quantities, such as the coordinates of a point, as functions of one or several variables called parameters. In the case of a single parameter, parametric equations are commonly used to express the trajectory of a moving point, in which case, the parameter is oft...	Parametric equation	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,994	[ "Multivariable calculus", "Mathematical objects", "Equations", "Calculus" ]
576,120	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balzan%20Prize	The International Balzan Prize Foundation awards four annual monetary prizes to people or organizations who have made outstanding achievements in the fields of humanities, natural sciences, culture, as well as for endeavours for peace and the brotherhood of man. History The assets behind the foundation were establishe...	Balzan Prize	[ "Astronomy", "Technology" ]	538	[ "Science and technology awards", "Astronomy prizes" ]
576,142	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloplast	Amyloplasts are a type of plastid, double-enveloped organelles in plant cells that are involved in various biological pathways. Amyloplasts are specifically a type of leucoplast, a subcategory for colorless, non-pigment-containing plastids. Amyloplasts are found in roots and storage tissues, and they store and synthesi...	Amyloplast	[ "Biology" ]	475	[ "Plant physiology", "Plants" ]
576,155	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromoplast	Chromoplasts are plastids, heterogeneous organelles responsible for pigment synthesis and storage in specific photosynthetic eukaryotes. It is thought (according to symbiogenesis) that like all other plastids including chloroplasts and leucoplasts they are descended from symbiotic prokaryotes. Function Chromoplasts a...	Chromoplast	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,792	[ "Photosynthesis", "Plastids" ]
576,159	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isochrony	Isochrony is a linguistic analysis or hypothesis assuming that any spoken language's utterances are divisible into equal rhythmic portions of some kind. Under this assumption, languages are proposed to broadly fall into one of two categories based on rhythm or timing: syllable-timed or stress-timed languages (or, in so...	Isochrony	[ "Physics" ]	1,724	[ "Spacetime", "Rhythm and meter", "Physical quantities", "Time" ]
576,245	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel%20Alexandrov	Pavel Sergeyevich Alexandrov (), sometimes romanized Paul Alexandroff (7 May 1896 – 16 November 1982), was a Soviet mathematician. He wrote roughly three hundred papers, making important contributions to set theory and topology. In topology, the Alexandroff compactification and the Alexandrov topology are named after h...	Pavel Alexandrov	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,791	[ "Topologists", "Topology" ]
576,246	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pribnow%20box	The Pribnow box (also known as the Pribnow-Schaller box) is a sequence of TATAAT of six nucleotides (thymine, adenine, thymine, etc.) that is an essential part of a promoter site on DNA for transcription to occur in bacteria. It is an idealized or consensus sequence—that is, it shows the most frequently occurring base ...	Pribnow box	[ "Chemistry" ]	316	[ "Gene expression", "Regulatory sequences" ]
576,344	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technorealism	Technorealism is an attempt to expand the middle ground between techno-utopianism and Neo-Luddism by assessing the social and political implications of technologies so that people might all have more control over the shape of their future. An account cited that technorealism emerged in the early 1990s and was introduce...	Technorealism	[ "Technology", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	322	[ "Systems engineering", "Behavior", "Technology systems", "Philosophy of technology", "Science and technology studies", "nan", "Ethics of science and technology", "Human behavior", "Applied ethics" ]
576,354	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/142857	142,857 is the natural number following 142,856 and preceding 142,858. It is a Kaprekar number. Cyclic number 142857 is the best-known cyclic number in base 10, being the six repeating digits of (0.). If 142857 is multiplied by 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, the answer will be a cyclic permutation of itself, and will correspond ...	142857	[ "Mathematics" ]	733	[ "Elementary mathematics", "Integers", "Mathematical objects", "Numbers" ]
576,387	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite%20field%20arithmetic	In mathematics, finite field arithmetic is arithmetic in a finite field (a field containing a finite number of elements) contrary to arithmetic in a field with an infinite number of elements, like the field of rational numbers. There are infinitely many different finite fields. Their number of elements is necessarily ...	Finite field arithmetic	[ "Mathematics" ]	3,877	[ "Arithmetic", "Number theory" ]
576,487	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20%28Unix%29	In computing, time is a command in Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It is used to determine the duration of execution of a particular command. Overview time(1) can exist as a standalone program (such as GNU time) or as a shell builtin in most cases (e.g. in sh, bash, tcsh or in zsh). User time vs system time The...	Time (Unix)	[ "Technology" ]	1,115	[ "Computing commands", "Inferno (operating system) commands" ]
576,510	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durham%20tube	Durham tubes are used in microbiology to detect production of gas by microorganisms. They are simply smaller test tubes inserted upside down in another test tube so they are freely movable. The culture media to be tested is then added to the larger tube and sterilized, which also eliminates the initial air gap produced...	Durham tube	[ "Biology" ]	306	[ "Microbiology equipment" ]
576,557	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriological%20water%20analysis	Bacteriological water analysis is a method of analysing water to estimate the numbers of bacteria present and, if needed, to find out what sort of bacteria they are. It represents one aspect of water quality. It is a microbiological analytical procedure which uses samples of water and from these samples determines the ...	Bacteriological water analysis	[ "Chemistry", "Biology", "Environmental_science" ]	1,945	[ "Hydrology", "Water pollution", "Microbiology techniques", "Water quality indicators", "Ecosystems", "Water", "Aquatic ecology" ]
576,635	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20scanner	A port scanner is an application designed to probe a server or host for open ports. Such an application may be used by administrators to verify security policies of their networks and by attackers to identify network services running on a host and exploit vulnerabilities. A port scan or portscan is a process that send...	Port scanner	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	2,677	[ "Cybersecurity engineering", "Computer security software", "Computer security exploits" ]
576,646	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5D	2.5D (basic pronunciation two-and-a-half dimensional) perspective refers to gameplay or movement in a video game or virtual reality environment that is restricted to a two-dimensional (2D) plane with little to no access to a third dimension in a space that otherwise appears to be three-dimensional and is often simulate...	2.5D	[ "Physics" ]	5,047	[ "Geometric measurement", "Dimension", "Physical quantities", "Theory of relativity" ]
576,681	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedometer	A speedometer or speed meter is a gauge that measures and displays the instantaneous speed of a vehicle. Now universally fitted to motor vehicles, they started to be available as options in the early 20th century, and as standard equipment from about 1910 onwards. Other vehicles may use devices analogous to the speedom...	Speedometer	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	3,517	[ "Vehicle parts", "Measuring instruments", "Vehicle technology", "Mechanical engineering by discipline", "Speed sensors", "Components" ]
576,694	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-terminus	The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, carboxy tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of an amino acid chain (protein or polypeptide), terminated by a free carboxyl group (-COOH). When the protein is translated from messenger RNA, it is created from N-terminu...	C-terminus	[ "Chemistry" ]	780	[ "Gene expression", "Biochemical reactions", "Post-translational modification", "Structural biology", "Protein structure" ]
576,704	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-terminus	The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide, referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide. Within a peptide, the amine group is bonded to the carboxylic group of another amino acid, making it a...	N-terminus	[ "Chemistry" ]	990	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Gene expression", "Biochemical reactions", "Post-translational modification", "Structural biology", "Molecular biology", "Proteins", "Protein structure" ]
576,713	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruence%20of%20squares	In number theory, a congruence of squares is a congruence commonly used in integer factorization algorithms. Derivation Given a positive integer n, Fermat's factorization method relies on finding numbers x and y satisfying the equality We can then factor n = x2 − y2 = (x + y)(x − y). This algorithm is slow in practic...	Congruence of squares	[ "Mathematics" ]	934	[ "Arithmetic", "Modular arithmetic", "Number theory", "Squares in number theory" ]
576,855	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20decision%20diagram	In computer science, a binary decision diagram (BDD) or branching program is a data structure that is used to represent a Boolean function. On a more abstract level, BDDs can be considered as a compressed representation of sets or relations. Unlike other compressed representations, operations are performed directly on ...	Binary decision diagram	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,662	[ "Boolean algebra", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Mathematical logic" ]
576,974	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother%20ship	A mother ship, mothership or mother-ship is a large vehicle that leads, serves, or carries other smaller vehicles. A mother ship may be a maritime ship, aircraft, or spacecraft. Examples include bombers converted to carry experimental aircraft to altitudes where they can conduct their research (such as the B-52 carryi...	Mother ship	[ "Physics", "Technology" ]	1,597	[ "Physical systems", "Transport", "Transport systems" ]
577,053	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20rule%20learning	Association rule learning is a rule-based machine learning method for discovering interesting relations between variables in large databases. It is intended to identify strong rules discovered in databases using some measures of interestingness. In any given transaction with a variety of items, association rules are me...	Association rule learning	[ "Technology" ]	5,657	[ "Data management", "Data" ]
577,097	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadtree	A quadtree is a tree data structure in which each internal node has exactly four children. Quadtrees are the two-dimensional analog of octrees and are most often used to partition a two-dimensional space by recursively subdividing it into four quadrants or regions. The data associated with a leaf cell varies by applica...	Quadtree	[ "Physics" ]	5,031	[ "Tessellation", "Rectangular subdivisions", "Symmetry" ]
577,162	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic%20wave%20equations	In physics, specifically relativistic quantum mechanics (RQM) and its applications to particle physics, relativistic wave equations predict the behavior of particles at high energies and velocities comparable to the speed of light. In the context of quantum field theory (QFT), the equations determine the dynamics of qu...	Relativistic wave equations	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	2,892	[ "Quantum field theory", "Physical phenomena", "Equations of physics", "Theoretical physics", "Mathematical objects", "Quantum mechanics", "Equations", "Special relativity", "Waves", "Motion (physics)", "Theory of relativity" ]
577,240	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alap	The Alap (; ) is the opening section of a typical North Indian classical performance. It is a form of melodic improvisation that introduces and develops a raga. In dhrupad singing the alap is unmetered, improvised (within the raga) and unaccompanied (except for the tanpura drone), and started at a slow tempo. For peopl...	Alap	[ "Technology" ]	577	[ "Components", "Formal sections in music analysis" ]
577,296	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%20concentration%20%28astronomy%29	In astronomy, astrophysics and geophysics, a mass concentration (or mascon) is a region of a planet's or moon's crust that contains a large positive gravity anomaly. In general, the word "mascon" can be used as a noun to refer to an excess distribution of mass on or beneath the surface of an astronomical body (compared...	Mass concentration (astronomy)	[ "Physics" ]	1,234	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Geophysics" ]
577,301	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitude%20%28mathematics%29	In mathematics, the magnitude or size of a mathematical object is a property which determines whether the object is larger or smaller than other objects of the same kind. More formally, an object's magnitude is the displayed result of an ordering (or ranking) of the class of objects to which it belongs. Magnitude as a ...	Magnitude (mathematics)	[ "Mathematics" ]	964	[ "Functions and mappings", "Unary operations", "Mathematical objects", "Elementary mathematics", "Mathematical relations" ]
577,317	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cal%20%28command%29	is a command-line utility on a number of computer operating systems including Unix, Plan 9, Inferno and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux that prints an ASCII calendar of the given month or year. If the user does not specify any command-line options, cal will print a calendar of the current month. The command i...	Cal (command)	[ "Technology" ]	1,112	[ "Computing commands", "Standard Unix programs", "Plan 9 commands", "Inferno (operating system) commands" ]
577,340	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California%20State%20University%2C%20Fullerton	California State University, Fullerton (CSUF or Cal State Fullerton) is a public research university in Fullerton, California. With a total enrollment of more than 41,000, it has the largest student body of the California State University (CSU) system, and its graduate student body of more than 5,000 is one of the larg...	California State University, Fullerton	[ "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	2,225	[ "Glass engineering and science", "Glassmaking schools" ]
577,366	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banach%E2%80%93Alaoglu%20theorem	In functional analysis and related branches of mathematics, the Banach–Alaoglu theorem (also known as Alaoglu's theorem) states that the closed unit ball of the dual space of a normed vector space is compact in the weak* topology. A common proof identifies the unit ball with the weak-* topology as a closed subset of a...	Banach–Alaoglu theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	3,600	[ "Compactness theorems", "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Vector spaces", "Topological vector spaces", "Space (mathematics)", "Theorems in topology", "Theorems in functional analysis", "Articles containing proofs" ]
577,438	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minisatellite	In genetics, a minisatellite is a tract of repetitive DNA in which certain DNA motifs (ranging in length from 10–60 base pairs) are typically repeated two to several hundred times. Minisatellites occur at more than 1,000 locations in the human genome and they are notable for their high mutation rate and high diversity ...	Minisatellite	[ "Biology" ]	1,279	[ "Molecular genetics", "Repetitive DNA sequences" ]
577,441	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact%20operator	In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, a compact operator is a linear operator , where are normed vector spaces, with the property that maps bounded subsets of to relatively compact subsets of (subsets with compact closure in ). Such an operator is necessarily a bounded operator, and so continuous. Some a...	Compact operator	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,794	[ "Mathematical objects", "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical relations", "Linear operators" ]
577,446	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite%20DNA	Satellite DNA consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA. Satellite DNA is the main component of functional centromeres, and form the main structural constituent of heterochromatin. The name "satellite DNA" refers to the phenomenon that repetitions of a short DNA sequence tend to produce a dif...	Satellite DNA	[ "Biology" ]	1,490	[ "Molecular genetics", "Repetitive DNA sequences" ]
577,454	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20frequency	In electrical engineering and telecommunications, the center frequency of a filter or channel is a measure of a central frequency between the upper and lower cutoff frequencies. It is usually defined as either the arithmetic mean or the geometric mean of the lower cutoff frequency and the upper cutoff frequency of a b...	Center frequency	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	217	[ "Frequency-domain analysis", "Electrical engineering", "Spectrum (physical sciences)" ]
577,486	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple%20algebra%20%28universal%20algebra%29	In universal algebra, an abstract algebra A is called simple if and only if it has no nontrivial congruence relations, or equivalently, if every homomorphism with domain A is either injective or constant. As congruences on rings are characterized by their ideals, this notion is a straightforward generalization of th...	Simple algebra (universal algebra)	[ "Mathematics" ]	195	[ "Mathematical structures", "Algebras", "Ring theory", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Algebraic structures" ]
577,500	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jor%20%28music%29	In Hindustani classical music, the jor (Hindi: जोर, ; also spelt jod and jhor) is a formal section of composition in the long elaboration (alap) of a raga that forms the beginning of a performance. It comes after alap and precedes jhala, the climax. Jor is the instrumental equivalent of nomtom in the dhrupad vocal styl...	Jor (music)	[ "Technology" ]	1,930	[ "Components", "Formal sections in music analysis" ]
577,559	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20schools%20of%20mines	A school of mines (or mining school) is an engineering school, often established in the 18th and 19th centuries, that originally focused on mining engineering and applied science. Most have been integrated within larger constructs such as mineral engineering, some no longer focusing primarily on mining subjects, while ...	List of schools of mines	[ "Engineering" ]	100	[ "Schools of mines", "Engineering universities and colleges" ]
8,638,963	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superferromagnetism	Superferromagnetism is the magnetism of an ensemble of magnetically interacting super-moment-bearing material particles that would be superparamagnetic if they were not interacting. Nanoparticles of iron oxides, such as ferrihydrite (nominally FeOOH), often cluster and interact magnetically. These interactions change...	Superferromagnetism	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	181	[ "Magnetic ordering", "Condensed matter physics", "Electric and magnetic fields in matter", "Materials science" ]
8,639,701	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20Physics%20Letters	Chemical Physics Letters is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in chemical physics and physical chemistry. It was established in 1967 and is published by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are David C. Clary, B. Dietzek, K-L. Han, and A. Karton. External links Chemical physics journals Academ...	Chemical Physics Letters	[ "Chemistry" ]	83	[ "Chemical physics journals" ]
8,640,320	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioptric%20correction	Dioptric correction is the expression for the adjustment of the optical instrument to the varying visual acuity of a person's eyes. It is the adjustment of one lens to provide compatible focus when the viewer's eyes have differing visual capabilities. One result is less strain on the eyes that allow for optimal viewing...	Dioptric correction	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	89	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Optics", " molecular", "Atomic", " and optical physics" ]
8,640,413	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-glucan	Beta-glucans, β-glucans comprise a group of β-D-glucose polysaccharides (glucans) naturally occurring in the cell walls of cereals, bacteria, and fungi, with significantly differing physicochemical properties dependent on source. Typically, β-glucans form a linear backbone with 1–3 β-glycosidic bonds but vary with resp...	Beta-glucan	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,828	[ "Carbohydrates", "Polysaccharides" ]
8,640,428	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product%20fit%20analysis	A Product fit analysis (PFA) is a form of requirements analysis of the gap between an IT product's functionality and required functions. It is a document which consists of all the business requirements which are mapped to the product or application. Requirements are specifically mentioned and the application is desig...	Product fit analysis	[ "Engineering" ]	104	[ "Design" ]
8,641,308	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk%20buffer	In computer storage, a disk buffer (often ambiguously called a disk cache or a cache buffer) is the embedded memory in a hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD) acting as a buffer between the rest of the computer and the physical hard disk platter or flash memory that is used for storage. Modern hard disk driv...	Disk buffer	[ "Technology" ]	1,605	[ "Computer storage devices", "Recording devices" ]
8,641,870	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weinstein%E2%80%93Aronszajn%20identity	In mathematics, the Weinstein–Aronszajn identity states that if and are matrices of size and respectively (either or both of which may be infinite) then, provided (and hence, also ) is of trace class, where is the identity matrix. It is closely related to the matrix determinant lemma and its generalization. I...	Weinstein–Aronszajn identity	[ "Mathematics" ]	253	[ "Theorems in algebra", "Theorems in linear algebra" ]
8,642,422	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language%20identification	In natural language processing, language identification or language guessing is the problem of determining which natural language given content is in. Computational approaches to this problem view it as a special case of text categorization, solved with various statistical methods. Overview There are several statistic...	Language identification	[ "Technology" ]	1,250	[ "Machine translation", "Natural language processing", "Natural language and computing", "Computational linguistics" ]
8,642,531	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine%20translation%20software%20usability	The sections below give objective criteria for evaluating the usability of machine translation software output. Stationarity or canonical form Do repeated translations converge on a single expression in both languages? I.e. does the translation method show stationarity or produce a canonical form? Does the translat...	Machine translation software usability	[ "Technology" ]	1,351	[ "Natural language processing", "Natural language and computing", "Computational linguistics" ]
8,642,567	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process%20integration	Process integration is a term in chemical engineering which has two possible meanings. A holistic approach to process design which emphasizes the unity of the process and considers the interactions between different unit operations from the outset, rather than optimising them separately. This can also be called inte...	Process integration	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	1,479	[ "Process engineering", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Building engineering", "Chemical engineering", "Civil engineering", "Mechanical engineering by discipline", "Mechanical engineering", "Chemical process engineering", "Architecture" ]
8,642,593	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinch%20analysis	Pinch analysis is a methodology for minimising energy consumption of chemical processes by calculating thermodynamically feasible energy targets (or minimum energy consumption) and achieving them by optimising heat recovery systems, energy supply methods and process operating conditions. It is also known as process int...	Pinch analysis	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	1,755	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Building engineering", "Chemical equipment", "Chemical engineering", "Civil engineering", "Heat exchangers", "Mechanical engineering", "Chemical process engineering", "Architecture" ]
8,643,269	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DPVweb	DPVweb is a database for virologists working on plant viruses combining taxonomic, bioinformatic and symptom data. Description DPVweb is a central web-based source of information about viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa. It provides comprehensive taxonomic information, including brief desc...	DPVweb	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	587	[ "Plants", "Bioinformatics", "Plant taxonomy", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry", "Biological databases" ]
8,643,466	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol%20pipelining	Protocol pipelining is a technique in which multiple requests are written out to a single socket without waiting for the corresponding responses. Pipelining can be used in various application layer network protocols, like HTTP/1.1, SMTP and FTP. The pipelining of requests results in a dramatic improvement in protocol ...	Protocol pipelining	[ "Technology" ]	154	[ "Computing stubs", "Computer network stubs" ]
8,644,089	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassareep	Cassareep is a thick black liquid made from cassava root, which is used as a base for many sauces and especially in Guyanese pepperpot. Besides use as a flavoring and browning agent, it is commonly regarded as a food preservative although laboratory testing is inconclusive. Production Cassareep is made from the juice...	Cassareep	[ "Technology" ]	809	[ "Food ingredients", "Components" ]
8,644,283	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane%20oxygenator	A membrane oxygenator is a device used to add oxygen to, and remove carbon dioxide from the blood. It can be used in two principal modes: to imitate the function of the lungs in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and to oxygenate blood in longer term life support, termed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). A membra...	Membrane oxygenator	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,219	[ "Medical technology", "Membrane technology", "Medical equipment", "Separation processes" ]
8,646,237	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polloc%20and%20Govan%20Railway	The Polloc and Govan Railway was an early mineral railway near Glasgow in Scotland, constructed to bring coal and iron from William Dixon's collieries and ironworks to the River Clyde for onward transportation. When the Clydesdale Junction Railway was projected in the nineteenth century, it used part of the alignment ...	Polloc and Govan Railway	[ "Engineering" ]	1,849	[ "Mining equipment", "Mining railways" ]

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.