id int64 580 79M | url stringlengths 31 175 | text stringlengths 9 245k | source stringlengths 1 109 | categories stringclasses 160
values | token_count int64 3 51.8k |
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28,162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20nearest%20stars | This list covers all known stars, white dwarfs, brown dwarfs, and sub-brown dwarfs within of the Sun. So far, 131 such objects have been found. Only 22 are bright enough to be visible without a telescope, for which the star's visible light needs to reach or exceed the dimmest brightness visible to the naked eye from ... | List of nearest stars | Physics,Astronomy | 1,582 |
22,121,664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audience%20reception | Also known as reception analysis, audience reception theory has come to be widely used as a way of characterizing the wave of audience research which occurred within communications and cultural studies during the 1980s and 1990s. On the whole, this work has adopted a "culturalist" perspective, has tended to use qualita... | Audience reception | Biology | 2,063 |
54,709,700 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil%20purification | Oil purification (transformer, turbine, industrial, etc.) removes oil contaminants in order to prolong oil service life.
Contaminants of industrial oils
Contaminants and various impurities get into industrial oils during storage and operation. The most common contaminants are:
water;
solid particles (like soot and d... | Oil purification | Chemistry | 451 |
34,081,893 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology%20of%20childhood%20obesity | Prevalence of childhood obesity has increased worldwide. The world health organization (WHO) estimated that 39 million children younger than 5 years of age were overweight or had obesity in 2020, and that 340 million children between 5 and 19 were overweight or had obesity in 2016. If the trend continues at the same ra... | Epidemiology of childhood obesity | Environmental_science | 1,792 |
883,683 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropospheric%20Emission%20Spectrometer | Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer or TES was a satellite instrument designed to measure the state of the earth's troposphere.
Overview
TES was a high-resolution infrared Fourier Transform spectrometer and provided key data for studying tropospheric chemistry, troposphere-biosphere interaction, and troposphere-stratos... | Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer | Physics,Chemistry | 186 |
1,812,426 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gires%E2%80%93Tournois%20etalon | In optics, a Gires–Tournois etalon (also known as Gires–Tournois interferometer) is a transparent plate with two reflecting surfaces, one of which has very high reflectivity, ideally unity. Due to multiple-beam interference, light incident on a Gires–Tournois etalon is (almost) completely reflected, but has an effectiv... | Gires–Tournois etalon | Materials_science,Technology,Engineering | 451 |
5,310,500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethinamate | Ethinamate (Valamin, Valmid) is a short-acting carbamate-derivative sedative-hypnotic medication used to treat insomnia. Regular use leads to drug tolerance, and it is usually not effective for more than 7 days. Prolonged use can lead to dependence.
Ethinamate has been replaced by other medicines (particularly benzo... | Ethinamate | Biology | 238 |
47,250,261 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudofusicoccum%20kimberleyense | Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense is an endophytic fungus that might be a canker pathogen, specifically for Adansonia gibbosa (baobab). It was isolated from said trees, as well as surrounding ones, in the Kimberley (Western Australia).
References
Further reading
Sakalidis, Monique L., Giles E. StJ Hardy, and Treena I. B... | Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense | Biology | 230 |
7,541,586 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission%20specialist | Mission specialist (MS) is a term for a specific position held by astronauts who are tasked with conducting a range of scientific, medical, or engineering experiments during a spaceflight mission. These specialists were usually assigned to a specific field of expertise that was related to the goals of the particular mi... | Mission specialist | Biology | 246 |
63,140,623 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingrid%20Burke | Ingrid C. "Indy" Burke is the Carl W. Knobloch, Jr. Dean at the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies. She is the first female dean in the school's 116 year history. Her area of research is ecosystem ecology with a primary focus on carbon cycling and nitrogen cycling in semi-arid rangeland ecosystems. She tea... | Ingrid Burke | Chemistry | 815 |
7,255,075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brouwer%20Award%20%28Division%20on%20Dynamical%20Astronomy%29 | The Brouwer Award is awarded annually by the Division on Dynamical Astronomy of the American Astronomical Society for outstanding lifetime achievement in the field of dynamical astronomy. The prize is named for Dirk Brouwer.
Recipients
Source: Division on Dynamical Astronomy of the American Astronomical Society
See ... | Brouwer Award (Division on Dynamical Astronomy) | Astronomy,Technology | 82 |
14,098,809 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical%20time | Nautical time is a maritime time standard established in the 1920s to allow ships on high seas to coordinate their local time with other ships, consistent with a long nautical tradition of accurate celestial navigation. Nautical time divides the globe into 24 nautical time zones with hourly clock offsets, spaced at 15 ... | Nautical time | Physics,Astronomy | 1,439 |
5,076,875 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip%20PC%20Technologies | Chip PC Technologies is a developer and manufacturer of thin client solutions and management software for server-based computing; where in a network architecture applications are deployed, managed and can be fully executed on the server.
History
Chip PC was founded in 2000 by Aviv Soffer and Ora Meir Soffer and raised... | Chip PC Technologies | Technology | 334 |
24,065,014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behind%20the%20Mirror | Behind the Mirror: A Search for a Natural History of Human Knowledge () is a 1973 book by the ethologist Konrad Lorenz.
Lorenz shows the essentials of a lifetime's work and summarizes it into his very own philosophy: evolution is the process of growing perception of the outer world by living nature itself. Stepping fr... | Behind the Mirror | Biology | 943 |
592,897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellinger%E2%80%93Toeplitz%20theorem | In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, the Hellinger–Toeplitz theorem states that an everywhere-defined symmetric operator on a Hilbert space with inner product is bounded. By definition, an operator A is symmetric if
for all x, y in the domain of A. Note that symmetric everywhere-defined operators are ne... | Hellinger–Toeplitz theorem | Physics,Mathematics | 422 |
229,528 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta%20operator | In mathematics, a delta operator is a shift-equivariant linear operator on the vector space of polynomials in a variable over a field that reduces degrees by one.
To say that is shift-equivariant means that if , then
In other words, if is a "shift" of , then is also a shift of , and has the same "shifting vecto... | Delta operator | Mathematics | 456 |
71,289 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20Backus%E2%80%93Naur%20form | In computer science, extended Backus–Naur form (EBNF) is a family of metasyntax notations, any of which can be used to express a context-free grammar. EBNF is used to make a formal description of a formal language such as a computer programming language. They are extensions of the basic Backus–Naur form (BNF) metasynt... | Extended Backus–Naur form | Mathematics | 2,715 |
31,663,277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20chip%20detector | A magnetic chip detector is an electronic instrument that attracts ferromagnetic particles (mostly iron chips). It is mainly used in aircraft engine oil and helicopter gearbox chip detection systems. Chip detectors can provide an early warning of an impending engine failure and thus greatly reduce the cost of an engine... | Magnetic chip detector | Technology,Engineering | 310 |
56,438,714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphorbia%20obtusifolia | The scientific name Euphorbia obtusifolia has been used for at least three species of Euphorbia:
Euphorbia obtusifolia is a synonym of Euphorbia terracina , native from Macaronesia through Hungary and the Mediterranean to the Arabian Peninsula
Euphorbia obtusifolia is an illegitimate name that has been applied to:
E... | Euphorbia obtusifolia | Biology | 185 |
727,277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Thompson%20Dorrance | John Thompson Dorrance (November 11, 1873 – September 21, 1930) was an American chemist who discovered a method to create condensed soup, and was president of the Campbell Soup Company from 1914 to 1930.
Early life
Born in Bristol, Pennsylvania, he earned a bachelor of science degree from the Massachusetts Institute o... | John Thompson Dorrance | Chemistry | 447 |
16,907,616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetically%20induced%20grating | Electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is an optical interference phenomenon where an interference pattern is used to build a dynamic spatial diffraction grating in matter. EIGs are dynamically created by light interference on optically resonant materials and rely on population inversion and/or optical coherence pro... | Electromagnetically induced grating | Physics | 547 |
53,989,897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20investigational%20sex-hormonal%20agents | This is a list of investigational sex-hormonal agents, or sex-hormonal agents that are currently under development for clinical use but are not yet approved. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses.
This list was last comprehensively updated some... | List of investigational sex-hormonal agents | Chemistry | 1,690 |
61,522,806 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvana%20Cardoso | Silvana Cardoso is a Portuguese fluid dynamicist working in Britain. She is professor of Fluid Mechanics and the Environment at the University of Cambridge and a fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge. She leads the Fluids and the Environment research group at the Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology.
H... | Silvana Cardoso | Chemistry | 408 |
38,380,056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OU%20Puppis | OU Puppis (OU Pup) is a chemically peculiar class A0 (white main-sequence) star in the constellation Puppis. Its apparent magnitude is about 4.9 and it is approximately 188 light-years away based on parallax.
It is an α2 CVn variable, ranging from 4.93 to 4.86 magnitudes with a period of 0.92 of a day. Its spectrum h... | OU Puppis | Astronomy | 191 |
56,430,061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market-Adjusted%20Performance%20Indicator | The Market-Adjusted Performance Indicator (MAPI) measures the performance of a company’s management using a relative performance indicator designed to capture management performance as holistically as possible by covering both short-term success and long-term impact. The MAPI is an important element for targeted corpor... | Market-Adjusted Performance Indicator | Mathematics | 309 |
26,592,185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actino-pnp%20RNA%20motif | The Actino-pnp RNA motif is a conserved structure found in Actinomycetota that is apparently in the 5' untranslated regions of genes predicted to encode exoribonucleases. The RNA element's function is likely analogous to an RNA structure found upstream of polynucleotide phosphorylase genes in E. coli and related enter... | Actino-pnp RNA motif | Chemistry | 148 |
28,148,660 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20prime | A circular prime is a prime number with the property that the number generated at each intermediate step when cyclically permuting its (base 10) digits will be prime. For example, 1193 is a circular prime, since 1931, 9311 and 3119 all are also prime. A circular prime with at least two digits can only consist of combin... | Circular prime | Mathematics | 597 |
22,505,558 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20email%20spam | The history of email spam reaches back to the mid-1990s when commercial use of the internet first became possible - and marketers and publicists began to test what was possible.
Very soon email spam was ubiquitous, unavoidable and repetitive. This article details significant events in the history of spam, and the effo... | History of email spam | Technology | 2,970 |
11,857,892 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potable%20water%20diving | Potable water diving is diving inside a tank that is used for potable water. This is usually done for inspection and cleaning tasks. A person who is trained to do this work may be described as a potable water diver. The risks to the diver associated with potable water diving are related to the access, confined spaces a... | Potable water diving | Chemistry,Engineering,Environmental_science | 853 |
64,197,495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Anagnost | Andrew Anagnost is the President and CEO of Autodesk, having been appointed to the positions in 2017. He took over the positions from Carl Bass, who resigned in February 2017. Before the promotion, he had served in various other roles for the company since joining in 1997. He holds degrees from California State Univers... | Andrew Anagnost | Technology | 819 |
11,847,675 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphonie | The Symphonie satellites (2 satellites orbited) were the first communications satellites built by France and Germany (and the first to use three-axis stabilization in geostationary orbit with a bipropellant propulsion system) to provide geostationary orbit injection and station-keeping during their operational lifetime... | Symphonie | Engineering | 3,124 |
787,850 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-phase%20commit%20protocol | In transaction processing, databases, and computer networking, the two-phase commit protocol (2PC, tupac) is a type of atomic commitment protocol (ACP). It is a distributed algorithm that coordinates all the processes that participate in a distributed atomic transaction on whether to commit or abort (roll back) the tr... | Two-phase commit protocol | Technology | 2,395 |
1,136,901 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/167%20%28number%29 | 167 (one hundred [and] sixty-seven) is the natural number following 166 and preceding 168.
In mathematics
167 is the 39th prime number, an emirp, an isolated prime, a Chen prime, a Gaussian prime, a safe prime, and an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and a real part of the form .
167 is the smallest number whi... | 167 (number) | Mathematics | 404 |
1,716,947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease%20management%20%28health%29 | Disease management is defined as "a system of coordinated healthcare interventions and communications for populations with conditions in which patient self-care efforts are significant."
For people who can access healthcare practitioners or peer support, disease management is the process whereby persons with long-term... | Disease management (health) | Biology | 4,081 |
41,970,839 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA-239 | USA-239, also known as GPS IIF-3, GPS SVN-65, and Navstar-67 is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the third of twelve Block IIF satellites to be launched.
Built by Boeing and launched by United Launch Alliance, USA-239 was launched at 12:10 UTC on 4 October 2012... | USA-239 | Technology | 293 |
1,016,556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced%20seismicity | Induced seismicity is typically earthquakes and tremors that are caused by human activity that alters the stresses and strains on Earth's crust. Most induced seismicity is of a low magnitude. A few sites regularly have larger quakes, such as The Geysers geothermal plant in California which averaged two M4 events and 15... | Induced seismicity | Biology | 5,882 |
13,830,818 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray%20Batchelor | Murray Thomas Batchelor (born 27 August 1961) is an Australian mathematical physicist. He is best known for his work in mathematical physics and theoretical physics.
Academic career
Batchelor was educated at Chatham Public School and Chatham High School (Taree, New South Wales). He completed an Honours degree in Theor... | Murray Batchelor | Physics | 626 |
67,036,499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedtime%20procrastination | Bedtime procrastination is a psychological phenomenon that involves needlessly and voluntarily delaying going to bed, despite foreseeably being worse off as a result. Bedtime procrastination can occur due to losing track of time, or as an attempt to enjoy control over the nighttime due to a perceived lack of control ov... | Bedtime procrastination | Biology | 2,221 |
61,725,043 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote%20Utilities | Remote Utilities is a remote desktop software that allows a user to remotely control another computer through a proprietary protocol and see the remote computer's desktop, operate its keyboard and mouse.
The program utilizes the client-server model and consists of two primary components: the Host that is installed on ... | Remote Utilities | Engineering | 568 |
58,888,319 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison%20Davenport | Alison Jean Davenport is the Professor of Corrosion Science at the School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham.
Education
Davenport studied the Natural Sciences Tripos at the University of Cambridge where she was a member of King's College, Cambridge. She remained there for her graduate studies, ear... | Alison Davenport | Materials_science,Technology | 609 |
5,061,419 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinca%20alkaloid | Vinca alkaloids are a set of anti-mitotic and anti-microtubule alkaloid agents originally derived from the periwinkle plant Catharanthus roseus (basionym Vinca rosea) and other vinca plants. They block beta-tubulin polymerization in a dividing cell.
Sources
The Madagascan periwinkle Catharanthus roseus L. is the sour... | Vinca alkaloid | Chemistry | 578 |
66,876,349 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiridoula%20Matsika | Spiridoula Christos Matsika (born 1971) is a Greek theoretical chemist. She was elected as a fellow of the American Physical Society in 2014.
Education
Spiridoula Christos Matsika was born in 1971 in Greece; she attended the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens for her bachelor's degree in chemistry, graduat... | Spiridoula Matsika | Chemistry | 264 |
5,491,283 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealant | Sealant is a substance used to block the passage of fluids through openings in materials, a type of mechanical seal. In building construction sealant is sometimes synonymous with caulk (especially if acrylic latex or polyurethane based) and also serve the purposes of blocking dust, sound and heat transmission. Sealants... | Sealant | Physics | 1,266 |
28,868,086 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrel | Quadrel is a puzzle video game developed by Loriciels and released in June 1991. It was released for MS-DOS, Amiga, Atari ST, and Amstrad CPC
Gameplay
The game consists of a series of screens composed of patterns created by criss-crossing lines. the object of the game is to color the image entirely by using the four o... | Quadrel | Mathematics | 264 |
15,721,662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathryn%20Uhrich | Kathryn Uhrich (born 1965) is Dean of the College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, at The University of California, Riverside, and founder of Polymerix Corporation. She has received many awards for her research and work including the ACS Buck-Whitney Award and the Sioux Award. She was a fellow at both the National... | Kathryn Uhrich | Chemistry | 1,241 |
65,219,139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium%20sulfate | Radium sulfate (or radium sulphate) is an inorganic compound with the formula RaSO4 and an average molecular mass of 322.088 g/mol. This white salt is the least soluble of all known sulfate salts. It was formerly used in radiotherapy and smoke detectors, but this has been phased out in favor of less hazardous alternati... | Radium sulfate | Chemistry | 223 |
32,754,474 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gould%20polynomials | In mathematics the Gould polynomials Gn(x; a,b) are polynomials introduced by H. W. Gould and named by Roman in 1984.
They are given by
where
so
References
Polynomials | Gould polynomials | Mathematics | 40 |
31,899,711 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Chloro-1%2C1-difluoroethane | 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) is a haloalkane with the chemical formula CH3CClF2. It belongs to the hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) family of man-made compounds that contribute significantly to both ozone depletion and global warming when released into the environment. It is primarily used as a refrigerant w... | 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane | Chemistry,Environmental_science | 709 |
17,392,720 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20the%20Experimental%20Analysis%20of%20Behavior | The Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is a peer-reviewed academic journal of psychology that was established in 1958 by B.F. Skinner and Charles Ferster. JEAB publishes empirical research related to the experimental analysis of behavior and is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for the... | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior | Biology | 175 |
72,182,853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rye%20rust | There are several rusts (Pucciniales syn. Uredinales) which affect rye (Secale cereale) including:
Puccinia spp.:
Stem rust (Puccinia graminis)
Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina)
Crown rust (Puccinia coronata)
See also
List of rye diseases
Rye diseases
Fungal plant pathogens and diseases | Rye rust | Biology | 79 |
6,248,586 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistrome | In simple words, the cistrome refers a collection of regulatory elements of a set of genes, including transcription factor binding sites and histone modifications. More specifically, "the set of cis-acting targets of a trans-acting factor on a genome-wide scale, also known as the in vivo genome-wide location of transcr... | Cistrome | Chemistry,Biology | 189 |
20,646,279 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedgie | A wedgie is the act of forcibly pulling a person's underpants upwards from the back. The act is often performed as a school prank or a form of bullying.
Wedgies are commonly featured in popular works, either as a form of low comedy or as a behaviour representative of bullying. In such works, briefs are usually the typ... | Wedgie | Biology | 364 |
224,136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene%20paradox | The Abilene paradox is a collective fallacy, in which a group of people collectively decide on a course of action that is counter to the preferences of most or all individuals in the group, while each individual believes it to be aligned with the preferences of most of the others. It involves a breakdown of group commu... | Abilene paradox | Biology | 1,988 |
50,495,886 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus%20creber | Aspergillus creber is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Versicolores section. The species was first described in 2012.
Growth and morphology
A. creber has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAOX) plates. The growth morphology of the... | Aspergillus creber | Biology | 106 |
614,984 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Rado | Richard Rado FRS (28 April 1906 – 23 December 1989) was a German-born British mathematician whose research concerned combinatorics and graph theory. He was Jewish and left Germany to escape Nazi persecution. He earned two PhDs: in 1933 from the University of Berlin, and in 1935 from the University of Cambridge. He was ... | Richard Rado | Mathematics | 561 |
1,272,465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drop%20tube | In physics and materials science, a drop tower or drop tube is a structure used to produce a controlled period of weightlessness for an object under study. Air bags, polystyrene pellets, and magnetic or mechanical brakes are sometimes used to arrest the fall of the experimental payload. In other cases, high-speed imp... | Drop tube | Engineering | 856 |
29,140,406 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OnDemand | OnDemand is a brand name for a video-on-demand, London-based company owned by the On Demand Group, who provide mobile video services such as pay-per-view to over 25 million subscribers. Their product is sold through middleware to smart TV companies such as Panasonic.
They have teamed up with Hollywood companies such a... | OnDemand | Technology | 246 |
356,200 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muller%27s%20ratchet | In evolutionary genetics, Muller's ratchet (named after Hermann Joseph Muller, by analogy with a ratchet effect) is a process which, in the absence of recombination (especially in an asexual population), results in an accumulation of irreversible deleterious mutations. This happens because in the absence of recombinati... | Muller's ratchet | Biology | 1,541 |
50,615,433 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department%20of%20Information%20and%20Communications%20Technology | The Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) () is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for the planning, development and promotion of the country's information and communications technology (ICT) agenda in support of national development.
History
Predecessor
The Com... | Department of Information and Communications Technology | Technology | 1,187 |
48,826,266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Emerson%20%28scientist%29 | Robert Emerson (November 4, 1903 – February 4, 1959) was an American scientist noted for his discovery that plants have two distinct photosynthetic reaction centres.
Family
Emerson was born in 1903 in New York City, the son of Dr. Haven Emerson, Health Commissioner of New York City, and Grace Parrish Emerson, the sist... | Robert Emerson (scientist) | Chemistry | 516 |
2,435,876 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictitious%20play | In game theory, fictitious play is a learning rule first introduced by George W. Brown. In it, each player presumes that the opponents are playing stationary (possibly mixed) strategies. At each round, each player thus best responds to the empirical frequency of play of their opponent. Such a method is of course adeq... | Fictitious play | Mathematics | 955 |
7,384,821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerbet%20reaction | The Guerbet reaction, named after Marcel Guerbet (1861–1938), is an organic reaction that converts a primary alcohol into its β-alkylated dimer alcohol with loss of one equivalent of water. The process is of interest because it converts simple inexpensive feedstocks into more valuable products. Its main disadvantage ... | Guerbet reaction | Chemistry | 532 |
30,272,415 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entoloma%20myrmecophilum | Entoloma myrmecophilum is a species of fungus in the Entolomataceae family. It is found across Europe. It was described by Henri Romagnesi in 1978 as Rhodophyllus myrmecophilus, before being changed to its current name as the consensus has been to use the genus name Entoloma rather than Rhodophyllus.
References
Ext... | Entoloma myrmecophilum | Biology | 101 |
24,062,542 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noncommutative%20harmonic%20analysis | In mathematics, noncommutative harmonic analysis is the field in which results from Fourier analysis are extended to topological groups that are not commutative. Since locally compact abelian groups have a well-understood theory, Pontryagin duality, which includes the basic structures of Fourier series and Fourier tran... | Noncommutative harmonic analysis | Mathematics | 572 |
30,525,122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mate%20choice%20copying | Mate-choice copying, or non-independent mate choice, occurs when an individual of an animal species copies another individual's mate choice. In other words, non-independent mate-choice is when an individual's sexual preferences get socially inclined toward the mate choices of other individuals. This behavior is specula... | Mate choice copying | Biology | 2,499 |
23,288,360 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylloporus%20hyperion | Phylloporus hyperion is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae.
External links
Index Fungorum
hyperion
Fungus species | Phylloporus hyperion | Biology | 31 |
43,215,883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-spotted%20false%20shieldback | The black-spotted false shieldback (Aroegas nigroornatus) is a species of katydid that is only known from the male holotype collected from Mpumalanga, South Africa. It is threatened by livestock grazing and changing weather patterns disturbing its microhabitat.
References
Tettigoniidae
Endemic insects of South Africa... | Black-spotted false shieldback | Biology | 86 |
211,828 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columba%20%28constellation%29 | Columba is a faint constellation designated in the late sixteenth century, remaining in official use, with its rigid limits set in the 20th century. Its name is Latin for dove. It takes up 1.31% of the southern celestial hemisphere and is just south of Canis Major and Lepus.
History
Early 3rd century BC: Aratus's as... | Columba (constellation) | Astronomy | 1,172 |
452,577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20body%20diagram | In physics and engineering, a free body diagram (FBD; also called a force diagram) is a graphical illustration used to visualize the applied forces, moments, and resulting reactions on a free body in a given condition. It depicts a body or connected bodies with all the applied forces and moments, and reactions, which a... | Free body diagram | Physics,Engineering | 2,430 |
78,045,164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neknampur%20Lake | Neknampur Lake, also known as Ibrahim Bagh Cheruvu, is a lake in Hyderabad, India. It was once part of a water reservoir network that was used for irrigation and providing drinking water in the surrounding areas.
History
The lake was first dug up in the late 16th century by Ibrahim Qutb Shah, the fourth ruler of Gol... | Neknampur Lake | Chemistry,Engineering | 555 |
3,423,275 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BURS | BURS (bottom-up rewrite system) theory tackles the problem of taking a complex expression tree or intermediate language term and finding a good translation to machine code for a particular architecture. Implementations of BURS often employ dynamic programming to solve this problem.
BURS can also be applied to the prob... | BURS | Technology | 203 |
23,774,477 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2H4S2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C2H4S2}}
The molecular formula C2H4S2 (molar mass: 92.18 g/mol, exact mass: 91.97544 u) may refer to:
Isomers of dithietane
1,2-Dithietane
1,3-Dithietane | C2H4S2 | Chemistry | 73 |
89,246 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve | In mathematics, a curve (also called a curved line in older texts) is an object similar to a line, but that does not have to be straight.
Intuitively, a curve may be thought of as the trace left by a moving point. This is the definition that appeared more than 2000 years ago in Euclid's Elements: "The [curved] line is... | Curve | Physics,Mathematics | 3,365 |
9,446,798 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abhyankar%27s%20lemma | In mathematics, Abhyankar's lemma (named after Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar) allows one to kill tame ramification by taking an extension of a base field.
More precisely, Abhyankar's lemma states that if A, B, C are local fields such that A and B are finite extensions of C, with ramification indices a and b, and B is ta... | Abhyankar's lemma | Mathematics | 153 |
11,420,712 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C0343%20RNA | The C0343 RNA is a bacterial non-coding RNA of 74 nucleotides in length that is found between the ydaN and dbpA genes in the genomes of Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri, Salmonella enterica and Salmonella typhimurium. This ncRNA was originally identified in E.coli using high-density oligonucleotide probe arrays (... | C0343 RNA | Chemistry | 147 |
66,570,719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapteyn%20series | Kapteyn series is a series expansion of analytic functions on a domain in terms of the Bessel function of the first kind. Kapteyn series are named after Willem Kapteyn, who first studied such series in 1893. Let be a function analytic on the domain
with . Then can be expanded in the form
where
The path of the inte... | Kapteyn series | Mathematics | 208 |
14,129,293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroblastoma%20RAS%20viral%20oncogene%20homolog | NRAS is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NRAS gene. It was discovered by a small team of researchers led by Robin Weiss at the Institute of Cancer Research in London. It was the third RAS gene to be discovered, and was named NRAS, for its initial identification in human neuroblastoma cells.
Function
The N... | Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog | Chemistry | 459 |
52,450,593 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosterane | Dinosterane is a steroidal alkane, also known as 4α,23,24-trimethylcholestane. It is used in geochemistry as a biomarker, interpreted as an indication of dinoflagellate presence due to its derivative dinosterol high occurrence in extant dinoflagellate species and its rarity in other taxa, although it has been shown to... | Dinosterane | Chemistry,Biology | 370 |
996,107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20coefficient%20theorem | In algebraic topology, universal coefficient theorems establish relationships between homology groups (or cohomology groups) with different coefficients. For instance, for every topological space , its integral homology groups:
completely determine its homology groups with coefficients in , for any abelian group :
... | Universal coefficient theorem | Mathematics | 787 |
24,361,819 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carinthia%20Statistical%20Region | The Carinthia Statistical Region () is a statistical region in northern Slovenia along the border with Austria.
The region is difficult to access and is poorly connected with the central part of Slovenia. The environment has been strongly affected by heavy industry in the valleys. The importance of agriculture is show... | Carinthia Statistical Region | Mathematics | 379 |
6,592,539 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20Aided%20Verification | In computer science, the International Conference on Computer-Aided Verification (CAV) is an annual academic conference on the theory and practice of computer-aided formal analysis of software and hardware systems, broadly known as formal methods. Among the important results originally published in CAV are techniques i... | Computer Aided Verification | Technology | 208 |
39,319,146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentiviral%20vector%20in%20gene%20therapy | Lentiviral vectors in gene therapy is a method by which genes can be inserted, modified, or deleted in organisms using lentiviruses.
Lentiviruses are a family of viruses that are responsible for diseases like AIDS, which infect by inserting DNA into their host cells' genome. Many such viruses have been the basis of re... | Lentiviral vector in gene therapy | Chemistry,Biology | 2,628 |
428,364 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing | Phishing is a form of social engineering and a scam where attackers deceive people into revealing sensitive information or installing malware such as viruses, worms, adware, or ransomware. Phishing attacks have become increasingly sophisticated and often transparently mirror the site being targeted, allowing the attack... | Phishing | Technology | 5,200 |
1,343,748 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition%20radiation%20detector | A transition radiation detector (TRD) is a particle detector using the -dependent threshold of transition radiation in a stratified material. It contains many layers of materials with different indices of refraction. At each interface between materials, the probability of transition radiation increases with the relati... | Transition radiation detector | Physics,Technology,Engineering | 278 |
5,445,548 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tellurium%20trioxide | Tellurium trioxide (TeO3) is an inorganic chemical compound of tellurium and oxygen. In this compound, tellurium is in the +6 oxidation state.
Polymorphs
There are two forms, yellow-red α-TeO3 and grey, rhombohedral, β-TeO3 which is less reactive.
α-TeO3 has a structure similar to FeF3 with octahedral TeO6 units that ... | Tellurium trioxide | Chemistry | 229 |
59,318,599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windisch%E2%80%93Kolbach%20unit | °WK or degrees Windisch-Kolbach is a unit for measuring the diastatic power of malt, named after the German brewer Wilhelm Windisch and the Luxembourg brewer Paul Kolbach. It is a common unit in beer brewing (especially in Europe) that measures the ability of enzymes in malt to reduce starch to sugar (maltose). It is d... | Windisch–Kolbach unit | Mathematics | 194 |
46,644,107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofituzumab%20vedotin | Sofituzumab vedotin (INN; development code DMUC5754A) is a monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
This drug was developed by Genentech/Roche.
Sofituzumab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets MUC16, a protein that is overexpressed in several types of cancer including ovarian an... | Sofituzumab vedotin | Biology | 224 |
1,582,812 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepeviridae | Hepeviridae is a family of viruses. Human, pig, wild boar, sheep, cow, camel, monkey, some rodents, bats and chickens serve as natural hosts. There are two genera in the family. Diseases associated with this family include: hepatitis; high mortality rate during pregnancy; and avian hepatitis E virus is the cause of hep... | Hepeviridae | Biology | 487 |
77,771,208 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydnellum%20nothofagacearum | Hydnellum nothofagacearum is a species of mushroom in the family Bankeraceae. It was described by James K. Douch and Jerry A. Cooper in 2024. The specific epithet refers to Nothofagaceae, with which these fungi are associated. The type locality is in Nelson Lakes National Park, New Zealand.
See also
Fungi of Austral... | Hydnellum nothofagacearum | Biology | 94 |
78,285,950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-Yang%E2%80%93Mills%20equations | In differential geometry, the -Yang–Mills equations (or -YM equations) are a generalization of the Yang–Mills equations. Its solutions are called -Yang–Mills connections (or -YM connections). Simple important cases of -Yang–Mills connections include exponential Yang–Mills connections using the exponential function for ... | F-Yang–Mills equations | Physics,Mathematics | 931 |
11,405,282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate-1-semialdehyde | Glutamate-1-semialdehyde is a molecule formed from by the reduction of tRNA bound glutamate, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA reductase. It is isomerized by glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase to give aminolevulinic acid in the biosynthesis of porphyrins, including heme and chlorophyll.
See also
Glutamate-5-semialdehy... | Glutamate-1-semialdehyde | Chemistry,Biology | 120 |
57,276,841 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20rail%20accidents%20%281920%E2%80%931929%29 | This is a list of rail accidents from 1920 to 1929.
1920
March 9 – United Kingdom – A Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway freight train separates at Pendlebury, Lancashire. The rear portion runs away, pushing the banking locomotive downhill where it is derailed by catch points.
March 14 – United States – Bellows Falls, ... | List of rail accidents (1920–1929) | Technology | 7,670 |
7,550,102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dance%20organ | A dance organ () is a mechanical organ designed to be used in a dance hall or ballroom. Originated and popularized in Paris, it is intended for use indoors as dance organs tend to be quieter than the similar fairground organ.
History
Dance organs were principally used in mainland Europe. In their earliest days before ... | Dance organ | Physics,Technology | 1,498 |
26,084,762 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemovanadin | Hemovanadin is a pale green vanabin protein found in the blood cells, called vanadocytes, of ascidians (sea squirts) and other organisms (particularly sea organisms). It is one of the few known vanadium-containing proteins. The German chemist Martin Henze first detected vanadium in ascidians (sea squirts) in 1911. Unl... | Hemovanadin | Chemistry | 121 |
1,065,128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20King%20%28chemist%29 | Sir David Anthony King (born 12 August 1939) is a South African-born British chemist, academic, and head of the Climate Crisis Advisory Group (CCAG).
King first taught at Imperial College, London, the University of East Anglia, and was then Brunner Professor of Physical Chemistry (1974–1988) at the University of Liver... | David King (chemist) | Chemistry | 2,492 |
7,481,025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IWARP | iWARP is a computer networking protocol that implements remote direct memory access (RDMA) for efficient data transfer over Internet Protocol networks. Contrary to some accounts, iWARP is not an acronym.
Because iWARP is layered on Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)-standard congestion-aware protocols such as Tran... | IWARP | Technology | 1,342 |
226,829 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-velocity | In physics, in particular in special relativity and general relativity, a four-velocity is a four-vector in four-dimensional spacetime that represents the relativistic counterpart of velocity, which is a three-dimensional vector in space.
Physical events correspond to mathematical points in time and space, the set of ... | Four-velocity | Physics | 1,029 |
31,602,537 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidents%20of%20the%20American%20Chemical%20Society | Presidents of the American Chemical Society:
John W. Draper (1876)
J. Lawrence Smith (1877)
Samuel William Johnson (1878)
T. Sterry Hunt (1879)
Frederick A. Genth (1880)
Charles F. Chandler (1881)
John W. Mallet (1882)
James C. Booth (1883)
Albert B. Prescott (1886)
Charles Anthony Goessmann (1887)
T. Sterr... | Presidents of the American Chemical Society | Chemistry | 1,080 |
14,488,528 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbojet%20train | A turbojet train is a train powered by turbojet engines. Like a jet aircraft, but unlike a gas turbine locomotive, the train is propelled by the jet thrust of the engines, rather than by its wheels. Only a handful of jet-powered trains have been built, for experimental research in high-speed rail.
Turbojet engines hav... | Turbojet train | Technology | 634 |
1,244,926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graveyard%20orbit | A graveyard orbit, also called a junk orbit or disposal orbit, is an orbit that lies away from common operational orbits. One significant graveyard orbit is a supersynchronous orbit well beyond geosynchronous orbit. Some satellites are moved into such orbits at the end of their operational life to reduce the probabilit... | Graveyard orbit | Technology,Engineering | 804 |
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