id int64 580 79M | url stringlengths 31 175 | text stringlengths 9 245k | source stringlengths 1 109 | categories stringclasses 160
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28,280,731 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial%20graph | In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, the medial graph of plane graph G is another graph M(G) that represents the adjacencies between edges in the faces of G. Medial graphs were introduced in 1922 by Ernst Steinitz to study combinatorial properties of convex polyhedra, although the inverse construction was a... | Medial graph | Mathematics | 833 |
69,907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20severe%20weather%20phenomena | Severe weather phenomena are weather conditions that are hazardous to human life and property.
Severe weather can occur under a variety of situations, but three characteristics are generally needed: a temperature or moisture boundary, moisture, and (in the event of severe, precipitation-based events) instability in th... | List of severe weather phenomena | Physics | 676 |
40,789,733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo%20de%20Astronom%C3%ADa%20y%20Ciencias%20del%20Espacio | The Grupo de Astronomía y Ciencias del Espacio (Group of Astronomy and Space Sciences, GACE-UV) is an astrophysics research group, part of the Image Processing Laboratory (IPL) in the University of Valencia.
It is located in the Parc Científic in Paterna, Valencia.
See also
List of astronomical societies
References... | Grupo de Astronomía y Ciencias del Espacio | Physics,Astronomy | 88 |
7,008,701 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decrement%20table | Decrement tables, also called life table methods, are used to calculate the probability of certain events.
Birth control
Life table methods are often used to study birth control effectiveness. In this role, they are an alternative to the Pearl Index.
As used in birth control studies, a decrement table calculates a s... | Decrement table | Mathematics | 234 |
25,110,709 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20magnetic%20resonance | Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a strong constant magnetic field are disturbed by a weak oscillating magnetic field (in the near field) and respond by producing an electromagnetic signal with a frequency characteristic of the magnetic field at the nucleus. This process occur... | Nuclear magnetic resonance | Physics,Chemistry,Biology | 12,507 |
32,251,811 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Built-in%20hold | A built-in hold is a period in a launch countdown during which no activities are scheduled and the countdown clock is stopped. The hold serves as a milestone in the countdown, an opportunity for non-launch activities (such as a shift change or meal break), and a chance to perform unanticipated activities such as equip... | Built-in hold | Astronomy | 269 |
731,893 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey | Grey (more frequent British English) or gray (more frequent American English) is an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning that it has no chroma and therefore no hue. It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash, and of lead.
The first recorded use of grey as a color... | Grey | Physics | 4,042 |
40,407,379 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birectified%2016-cell%20honeycomb | In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the birectified 16-cell honeycomb (or runcic tesseractic honeycomb) is a uniform space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) in Euclidean 4-space.
Symmetry constructions
There are 3 different symmetry constructions, all with 3-3 duoprism vertex figures. The symmetry doubles on i... | Birectified 16-cell honeycomb | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science | 346 |
73,636,178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifiable%20temporal%20unit%20problem | The Modified Temporal Unit Problem (MTUP) is a source of statistical bias that occurs in time series and spatial analysis when using temporal data that has been aggregated into temporal units. In such cases, choosing a temporal unit (e.g., days, months, years) can affect the analysis results and lead to inconsistencies... | Modifiable temporal unit problem | Technology | 951 |
15,315,808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytosome | A phytosome is a complex formed by a natural active ingredient and a phospholipid. The most common example of a phytosome is Lecithin.
Phytosomes are claimed to enhance the absorption of "conventional herbal extracts" or isolated active principles, both topically and orally.
Complexation with phospholipids has been a... | Phytosome | Chemistry | 264 |
43,320,329 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single%20instruction%2C%20multiple%20threads | Single instruction, multiple threads (SIMT) is an execution model used in parallel computing where single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) is combined with multithreading. It is different from SPMD in that all instructions in all "threads" are executed in lock-step. The SIMT execution model has been implemented on sev... | Single instruction, multiple threads | Technology,Engineering | 856 |
20,791,131 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon%20kill%20points | Dragon kill points or DKP are a semi-formal score-keeping system (loot system) used by guilds in massively multiplayer online games. Players in these games are faced with large scale challenges, or raids, which may only be surmounted through the concerted effort of dozens of players at a time. While many players may ... | Dragon kill points | Technology | 2,170 |
41,660,263 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical%20making | Critical making refers to the hands-on productive activities that link digital technologies to society.
It was invented to bridge the gap between creative, physical, and conceptual exploration. The purpose of critical making resides in the learning extracted from the process of making rather than the experience derived... | Critical making | Engineering | 2,407 |
28,153,829 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectilinear%20minimum%20spanning%20tree | In graph theory, the rectilinear minimum spanning tree (RMST) of a set of n points in the plane (or more generally, in ) is a minimum spanning tree of that set, where the weight of the edge between each pair of points is the rectilinear distance between those two points.
Properties and algorithms
By explicitly constr... | Rectilinear minimum spanning tree | Mathematics | 346 |
47,082,927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia%20105%20%282015%29 | The Nokia 105 (2015) and Nokia 105 Dual SIM (2015) are Nokia-branded feature phones originally developed by Microsoft Mobile. The phones were originally released on 3 June 2015, as a revival of the original Nokia 105 (released in 2013), and sold again by HMD Global. The Nokia 105 (2015) has one SIM card slot, and the N... | Nokia 105 (2015) | Technology | 143 |
61,669,935 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imd%20pathway | The Imd pathway is a broadly-conserved NF-κB immune signalling pathway of insects and some arthropods that regulates a potent antibacterial defence response. The pathway is named after the discovery of a mutation causing severe immune deficiency (the gene was named "Imd" for "immune deficiency"). The Imd pathway was fi... | Imd pathway | Chemistry,Biology | 2,139 |
41,930,603 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigma%20Pegasi | σ Pegasi, Latinised as Sigma Pegasi, is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Pegasus. With a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.16, it is faintly visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 36.66 mas as seen from Earth, the system is located 89 light years distant from the Sun... | Sigma Pegasi | Astronomy | 297 |
2,488,636 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base%20excision%20repair | Base excision repair (BER) is a cellular mechanism, studied in the fields of biochemistry and genetics, that repairs damaged DNA throughout the cell cycle. It is responsible primarily for removing small, non-helix-distorting base lesions from the genome. The related nucleotide excision repair pathway repairs bulky he... | Base excision repair | Biology | 3,239 |
42,381,742 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsu%E2%80%93Robbins%E2%80%93Erd%C5%91s%20theorem | In the mathematical theory of probability, the Hsu–Robbins–Erdős theorem states that if is a sequence of i.i.d. random variables with zero mean and finite variance and
then
for every .
The result was proved by Pao-Lu Hsu and Herbert Robbins in 1947.
This is an interesting strengthening of the classical stron... | Hsu–Robbins–Erdős theorem | Mathematics | 177 |
9,796,822 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohlsepia | Pohlsepia mazonensis is a species of fossil organism with unknown affinity. Although it was originally identified as an extinct cephalopod, later studies denied that interpretation. The species is known from a single exceptionally preserved fossil discovered in the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Francis Creek Shale... | Pohlsepia | Biology | 1,063 |
2,522,070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiferroics | Multiferroics are defined as materials that exhibit more than one of the primary ferroic properties in the same phase:
ferromagnetism – a magnetisation that is switchable by an applied magnetic field
ferroelectricity – an electric polarisation that is switchable by an applied electric field
ferroelasticity – a defo... | Multiferroics | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science,Engineering | 6,712 |
362,728 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative%20temperature | Certain systems can achieve negative thermodynamic temperature; that is, their temperature can be expressed as a negative quantity on the Kelvin or Rankine scales. This phenomenon was first discovered at the University of Alberta. This should be distinguished from temperatures expressed as negative numbers on non-therm... | Negative temperature | Physics,Chemistry,Mathematics | 2,810 |
3,905,860 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental%20stress%20fracture | In materials science, environmental stress fracture or environment assisted fracture is the generic name given to premature failure under the influence of tensile stresses and harmful environments of materials such as metals and alloys, composites, plastics and ceramics.
Metals and alloys exhibit phenomena such as st... | Environmental stress fracture | Chemistry,Materials_science,Engineering | 933 |
17,317,817 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task%20allocation%20and%20partitioning%20in%20social%20insects | Task allocation and partitioning is the way that tasks are chosen, assigned, subdivided, and coordinated within a colony of social insects. Task allocation and partitioning gives rise to the division of labor often observed in social insect colonies, whereby individuals specialize on different tasks within the colony (... | Task allocation and partitioning in social insects | Biology | 3,437 |
27,698,347 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma%20scale | The γ (gamma) scale is a non-octave repeating musical scale invented by Wendy Carlos while preparing Beauty in the Beast (1986) though it does not appear on the album. It is derived from approximating just intervals using multiples of a single interval without, as is standard in equal temperaments, requiring an octave ... | Gamma scale | Physics | 263 |
2,329,809 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeiss%20projector | A Zeiss projector is one of a line of planetarium projectors manufactured by the Carl Zeiss Company.
Main models include Copernican (1924), Model I (1925), Model II (1926), Model III (1957), Model IV (1957), Model V (1965), Model VI (1968), Spacemaster (1970), Cosmorana (1984), Skymaster ZKP2 (1977), and Skymaster ZKP3... | Zeiss projector | Astronomy | 668 |
69,082,863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed%20limits%20in%20Malta | The general speed limits in Malta are as follows:
References
Malta
Roads in Malta | Speed limits in Malta | Physics | 17 |
60,623,303 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar%20SAT | In computer science, the planar 3-satisfiability problem (abbreviated PLANAR 3SAT or PL3SAT) is an extension of the classical Boolean 3-satisfiability problem to a planar incidence graph. In other words, it asks whether the variables of a given Boolean formula—whose incidence graph consisting of variables and clauses c... | Planar SAT | Mathematics | 1,583 |
65,270,577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranav%20Sharma | Pranav Sharma (प्रणव शर्मा) is an astronomer and science historian known for his work on the history of the Indian Space Program. He has curated Space Museum at the B. M. Birla Science Centre (Hyderabad, India). Sharma was in charge of the history of the Indo-French scientific partnership project supported by the Emba... | Pranav Sharma | Astronomy | 253 |
52,909,236 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biryukov%20equation | In the study of dynamical systems, the Biryukov equation (or Biryukov oscillator), named after Vadim Biryukov (1946), is a non-linear second-order differential equation used to model damped oscillators.
The equation is given by
where is a piecewise constant function which is positive, except for small as
Eq. (1) ... | Biryukov equation | Mathematics,Engineering | 267 |
240,123 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticity%20%28physics%29 | In physics and materials science, plasticity (also known as plastic deformation) is the ability of a solid material to undergo permanent deformation, a non-reversible change of shape in response to applied forces. For example, a solid piece of metal being bent or pounded into a new shape displays plasticity as permanen... | Plasticity (physics) | Physics,Materials_science,Engineering | 4,078 |
40,978,917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthecology | Anthecology, or pollination biology, is the study of pollination as well as the relationships between flowers and their pollinators. Floral biology is a bigger field that includes these studies. Most flowering plants, or angiosperms, are pollinated by animals, and especially by insects. The major flower-frequenting ins... | Anthecology | Biology | 592 |
72,422,533 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%2036187 | HD 36187, also known as HR 1835, is a solitary, bluish-white hued star located in the southern constellation Columba, the dove. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.55, making it faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions. Based on parallax measurements from the Gaia spacecraft, it is estimated to be 282 ligh... | HD 36187 | Astronomy | 283 |
21,161,543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flubendazole | Flubendazole is an anthelmintic, used both in humans and for veterinarian purposes. It is very close chemically to mebendazole, the only difference being an added fluorine group.
Human use
It is available for human use to treat worm infections. In certain countries such as France, it is inexpensive and available OT... | Flubendazole | Biology | 340 |
365,001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypnic%20jerk | A hypnic jerk, hypnagogic jerk, sleep start, sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start is a brief and sudden involuntary contraction of the muscles of the body which occurs when a person is beginning to fall asleep, often causing the person to jump and awaken suddenly for a moment. Hypnic jerks are one form of invol... | Hypnic jerk | Biology | 1,073 |
40,605,848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinylcarbazole | Polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) is a temperature-resistant thermoplastic polymer produced by radical polymerization from the monomer N-vinylcarbazole. It is a photoconductive polymer and thus the basis for photorefractive polymers and organic light-emitting diodes.
History
Polyvinylcarbazole was discovered by the chemists W... | Polyvinylcarbazole | Chemistry | 487 |
12,071,235 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated%20multi-trophic%20aquaculture | Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) is a type of aquaculture where the byproducts, including waste, from one aquatic species are used as inputs (fertilizers, food) for another. Farmers combine fed aquaculture (e.g., fish, shrimp) with inorganic extractive (e.g., seaweed) and organic extractive (e.g., shellfish)... | Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture | Physics,Environmental_science | 3,128 |
10,990,251 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89milien%20Dumas | Jean Louis George Émilien Dumas (16 october 1804 – 21 September 1870) was a French scholar, palaeontologist, and geologist.
Biography
Born to a Protestant family of the bourgeoisie in Gard, Émilien Dumas was immersed from his early childhood in an atmosphere of learning and erudition. His father, a former merchant ... | Émilien Dumas | Biology | 593 |
19,555,086 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSX%20%28digital%20video%20recorder%29 | The PSX is a digital video recorder and home video game console released by Sony in Japan on December 13, 2003. Since it was designed to be a general-purpose consumer video device, it was marketed by the main Sony Corporation instead of Sony Computer Entertainment and does not carry the usual PlayStation branding. Init... | PSX (digital video recorder) | Technology | 1,096 |
29,027,916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20transfer%20agent | Gene transfer agents (GTAs) are DNA-containing virus-like particles that are produced by some bacteria and archaea and mediate horizontal gene transfer. Different GTA types have originated independently from viruses in several bacterial and archaeal lineages. These cells produce GTA particles containing short segments ... | Gene transfer agent | Biology | 2,410 |
28,949,720 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coil%E2%80%93globule%20transition | In polymer physics, the coil–globule transition is the collapse of a macromolecule from an expanded coil state through an ideal coil state to a collapsed globule state, or vice versa. The coil–globule transition is of importance in biology due to the presence of coil-globule transitions in biological macromolecules su... | Coil–globule transition | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science,Engineering,Biology | 500 |
14,120,660 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox%20protein%20CDX-2 | Homeobox protein CDX-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDX2 gene. The CDX-2 protein is a homeobox transcription factor expressed in the nuclei of intestinal epithelial cells, playing an essential role in the development and function of the digestive system. CDX2 is part of the ParaHox gene cluster, a grou... | Homeobox protein CDX-2 | Chemistry,Biology | 737 |
20,895,158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olszewski%20tube | An Olszewski tube is a pipe designed to bring oxygen-poor water from the bottom of a lake to the top. This tube was first proposed by a Polish limnologist named Przemysław Olszewski in 1961 and helps combat the negative effects of eutrophication, high nutrient content, in lakes. The basic concept behind the Olszewski t... | Olszewski tube | Chemistry,Engineering | 1,210 |
3,138,212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron%20acceptor | An electron acceptor is a chemical entity that accepts electrons transferred to it from another compound. Electron acceptors are oxidizing agents.
The electron accepting power of an electron acceptor is measured by its redox potential.
In the simplest case, electron acceptors are reduced by one electron. The process... | Electron acceptor | Chemistry | 343 |
531,373 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity%20Probe%20A | Gravity Probe A (GP-A) was a space-based experiment to test the equivalence principle, a feature of Einstein's theory of relativity. It was performed jointly by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The experiment sent a hydrogen masera highly accurate frequenc... | Gravity Probe A | Physics | 1,797 |
70,931,046 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFK%20equation | ZFK equation, abbreviation for Zeldovich–Frank-Kamenetskii equation, is a reaction–diffusion equation that models premixed flame propagation. The equation is named after Yakov Zeldovich and David A. Frank-Kamenetskii who derived the equation in 1938 and is also known as the Nagumo equation. The equation is analogous to... | ZFK equation | Chemistry | 977 |
26,901,862 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciladopa | Ciladopa (developmental code name AY-27,110) is a dopamine agonist with a similar chemical structure to dopamine. It was under investigation as an antiparkinsonian agent but was discontinued due to concerns of tumorogenesis in rodents.
References
Abandoned drugs
Catechol ethers
Catecholamines
Dopamine agonists
Pheny... | Ciladopa | Chemistry | 90 |
39,226,969 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial%20filtration%20efficiency | Bacterial Filtration Efficiency or BFE is a measurement of a respirator material's resistance to penetration of bacteria. Results are reported as percent efficiency and correlate with the ability of the fabric to resist bacterial penetration. Higher numbers in this test indicate better barrier efficiency. Wrap fabrics ... | Bacterial filtration efficiency | Chemistry | 160 |
28,064,303 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova%20Igua%C3%A7u%20level%20crossing%20disaster | The Nova Iguaçu level crossing disaster occurred on June 7, 1951, at 4:25 a.m. when an electric train struck a gasoline truck on a level crossing near Nova Iguacu, twenty miles north of Rio de Janeiro, killing 54 people.
The Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil company's train was travelling from Belém, and its five ste... | Nova Iguaçu level crossing disaster | Technology | 202 |
61,486,848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock%20analogs%20for%20structural%20geology | This is a compilation of the properties of different analog materials used to simulate deformational processes in structural geology. Such experiments are often called analog or analogue models. The organization of this page follows the review of rock analog materials in structural geology and tectonics of Reber et al.... | Rock analogs for structural geology | Materials_science,Engineering | 446 |
54,368,685 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%20473 | NGC 473 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Pisces. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1819 ± 22km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of . In addition, one non redshift measurement gives a distance of . It was discovered on December 20, 1786 by William Herschel.
See also ... | NGC 473 | Astronomy | 124 |
3,948,271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leccinum%20scabrum | Leccinum scabrum, commonly known as the rough-stemmed bolete, scaber stalk, and birch bolete, is an edible mushroom in the family Boletaceae, and was formerly classified as Boletus scaber. The birch bolete is widespread in Europe, in the Himalayas in Asia, and elsewhere in the Northern Hemisphere, occurring only in myc... | Leccinum scabrum | Biology | 735 |
20,782,736 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opsis | See also the suffix -opsis.
Opsis () is the Greek word for spectacle in the theatre and performance. Its first use has been traced back to Aristotle's Poetics. It is now taken up by theatre critics, historians, and theorists to describe the mise en scène of a performance or theatrical event.
It is also the word used i... | Opsis | Engineering | 698 |
1,140,356 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Toilet%20Day | World Toilet Day (WTD) is an official United Nations international observance day on 19 November to inspire action to tackle the global sanitation crisis. Worldwide, 4.2 billion people live without "safely managed sanitation" and around 673 million people practice open defecation. Sustainable Development Goal 6 aims to... | World Toilet Day | Biology | 2,347 |
3,201,172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20Power%20Electric%20Propulsion | High Power Electric Propulsion (HiPEP) is a variation of ion thruster for use in nuclear electric propulsion applications. It was ground-tested in 2003 by NASA and was intended for use on the Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter, which was canceled in 2005.
Theory
The HiPEP thruster differs from earlier ion thrusters because th... | High Power Electric Propulsion | Physics,Chemistry | 503 |
49,803,641 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excess%20noise%20ratio | In electronics, excess noise ratio is a characteristic of a noise generator such as a "noise diode", that is used to measure the noise performance of amplifiers. The Y-factor method is a common measurement technique for this purpose.
By using a noise diode, the output noise of an amplifier is measured using two input ... | Excess noise ratio | Mathematics,Engineering | 571 |
50,345 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban%20design | Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities, and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmenta... | Urban design | Engineering | 6,767 |
75,510,166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBXD8 | UBXD8 is a protein in the Ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain-containing protein family. The UBX domain contains many eukaryotic proteins that have similarities in amino acid sequence to the tiny protein modifier ubiquitin. UBXD8 engages in a molecular interaction with p97, a protein that is essential for the degradati... | UBXD8 | Chemistry | 717 |
61,186,829 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5G%20network%20slicing | 5G network slicing is a network architecture that enables the multiplexing of virtualized and independent logical networks on the same physical network infrastructure. Each network slice is an isolated end-to-end network tailored to fulfill diverse requirements requested by a particular application.
For this reason, t... | 5G network slicing | Engineering | 2,874 |
11,370,002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin-1%20receptor%20antagonist | The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RN gene.
IL-1RA was initially called the IL-1 inhibitor and was discovered separately in 1984 by two independent laboratories. IL-1RA is an agent that binds non-productively to the cell surface interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R... | Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist | Chemistry | 672 |
5,758,871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoporphyrinogen%20IX | Protoporphyrinogen IX is an organic chemical compound which is produced along the synthesis of porphyrins, a class of critical biochemicals that include hemoglobin and chlorophyll. It is a direct precursor of protoporphyrin IX.
The compound is a porphyrinogen, meaning that it has a non-aromatic hexahydroporphine core... | Protoporphyrinogen IX | Chemistry | 300 |
30,662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum%20Australe | Triangulum Australe is a small constellation in the far Southern Celestial Hemisphere. Its name is Latin for "the southern triangle", which distinguishes it from Triangulum in the northern sky and is derived from the acute, almost equilateral pattern of its three brightest stars. It was first depicted on a celestial gl... | Triangulum Australe | Astronomy | 2,487 |
32,040,747 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine%20braid%20group | In mathematics, an affine braid group is a braid group associated to an affine Coxeter system. Their group rings have quotients called affine Hecke algebras. They are subgroups of double affine braid groups.
Definition
References
Macdonald, I. G. Affine Hecke Algebras and Orthogonal Polynomials. Cambridge Tracts... | Affine braid group | Mathematics | 94 |
23,527,575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gumblar | Gumblar is a malicious JavaScript trojan horse file that redirects a user's Google searches, and then installs rogue security software. Also known as Troj/JSRedir-R this botnet first appeared in 2009.
Infection
Windows Personal Computers
Gumblar.X infections were widely seen on systems running newer MacOS operating ... | Gumblar | Engineering | 574 |
2,016,798 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujiwhara%20effect | The Fujiwhara effect, sometimes referred to as the Fujiwara effect, Fujiw(h)ara interaction or binary interaction, is a phenomenon that occurs when two nearby cyclonic vortices move around each other and close the distance between the circulations of their corresponding low-pressure areas. The effect is named after Sak... | Fujiwhara effect | Chemistry,Mathematics | 561 |
12,374,274 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot%20sum | In number theory, the aliquot sum of a positive integer is the sum of all proper divisors of , that is, all divisors of other than itself.
That is,
It can be used to characterize the prime numbers, perfect numbers, sociable numbers, deficient numbers, abundant numbers, and untouchable numbers, and to define the al... | Aliquot sum | Mathematics | 656 |
1,718,317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenz%20gauge%20condition | In electromagnetism, the Lorenz gauge condition or Lorenz gauge (after Ludvig Lorenz) is a partial gauge fixing of the electromagnetic vector potential by requiring The name is frequently confused with Hendrik Lorentz, who has given his name to many concepts in this field. (See, however, the Note added below for a dif... | Lorenz gauge condition | Physics | 923 |
18,050,749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic%20acid%20notation | The nucleic acid notation currently in use was first formalized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in 1970. This universally accepted notation uses the Roman characters G, C, A, and T, to represent the four nucleotides commonly found in deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA).
Given the rapidly expa... | Nucleic acid notation | Chemistry,Mathematics,Biology | 1,501 |
3,183,679 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aubrey%20Manning | Aubrey William George Manning, OBE, FRSE, FRSB, (24 April 1930 – 20 October 2018) was an English zoologist and broadcaster.
Life
Manning, the son of William, who worked for the Home and Colonial Stores, and Hilda, was born in Chiswick, but moved with his family to Englefield Green in Surrey when the Second World War b... | Aubrey Manning | Biology | 679 |
36,382,771 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA-50 | USA-50, also known as GPS II-6 and GPS SVN-18, was an American navigation satellite which formed part of the Global Positioning System. It was the sixth of nine Block II GPS satellites to be launched, which were the first operational GPS satellites to fly.
Background
It was part of the 21-satellite Global Positioning... | USA-50 | Technology | 368 |
33,004,328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric%20differential | In mathematical analysis, a metric differential is a generalization of a derivative for a Lipschitz continuous function defined on a Euclidean space and taking values in an arbitrary metric space. With this definition of a derivative, one can generalize Rademacher's theorem to metric space-valued Lipschitz functions.
... | Metric differential | Mathematics | 521 |
1,297,539 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20particle | In physics, a free particle is a particle that, in some sense, is not bound by an external force, or equivalently not in a region where its potential energy varies. In classical physics, this means the particle is present in a "field-free" space. In quantum mechanics, it means the particle is in a region of uniform pot... | Free particle | Physics | 1,343 |
16,761,786 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type%20%28Unix%29 | In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, type is a command that describes how its arguments would be interpreted if used as command names.
Function
Where applicable, type will display the command name's path. Possible command types are:
shell built-in
function
alias
hashed command
keyword
The command returns a ... | Type (Unix) | Technology | 267 |
9,165,312 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylmorphone | Acetylmorphone (dihydromorphinone acetate) is an opiate analogue that is an acetylated derivative of hydromorphone which was developed in the early 1900s as a potential cough suppressant and analgesic. It is prepared by the acetylation of hydromorphone using either acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride. It was banned int... | Acetylmorphone | Chemistry | 242 |
37,576,693 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage%20controller | A voltage controller, also called an AC voltage controller or AC regulator is an electronic module based on either thyristors, triodes for alternating current, silicon-controlled rectifiers or insulated-gate bipolar transistors, which converts a fixed voltage, fixed frequency alternating current (AC) electrical input ... | Voltage controller | Engineering | 440 |
33,592,307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2H6N4O2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C2H6N4O2}}
The molecular formula C2H6N4O2 (molar mass: 118.09 g/mol, exact mass: 118.0491 u) may refer to:
Biurea
Oxalyldihydrazide | C2H6N4O2 | Chemistry | 64 |
70,534,081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Start | Michael Start (born 27 October 1960) is a British automata maker and restorer. He trained in Technical Horology at Hackney College in London, and now specialises in the conservation and restoration of antique automata, with a focus on 19th Century automata.
Michael Start is co-founder of "The House of Automata". Toget... | Michael Start | Engineering | 283 |
71,992,445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mermin%27s%20device | In physics, Mermin's device or Mermin's machine is a thought experiment intended to illustrate the non-classical features of nature without making a direct reference to quantum mechanics. The challenge is to reproduce the results of the thought experiment in terms of classical physics. The input of the experiment are p... | Mermin's device | Physics | 1,883 |
44,381,794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliese%2015%20Ab | Gliese 15 Ab (GJ 15 Ab), also called Groombridge 34 Ab, rarely called GX Andromedae b is an extrasolar planet approximately 11 light-years away in the constellation of Andromeda. It is found in the night sky orbiting the star Gliese 15 A, which is at right ascension 00h 18m 22.89s and declination +44° 01′ 22.6″.
Disco... | Gliese 15 Ab | Astronomy | 351 |
43,193,621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25%20Serpentis | 25 Serpentis is a star system in the constellation of Serpens Caput. With an apparent magnitude of 5.37, it is just barely visible to the naked eye. The system is estimated to be some 450 light-years (138 parsecs) based on its parallax.
25 Serpentis is a spectroscopic binary, meaning that the individual components are... | 25 Serpentis | Astronomy | 245 |
5,862,776 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp%20sand | Stamp sand is a coarse sand left over from the processing of ore in a stamp mill. In the United States, the most well-known deposits of stamp sand are in the Copper Country of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, where it is black or dark gray, and may contain hazardous concentrations of trace metals.
In the 19th and earl... | Stamp sand | Chemistry,Materials_science,Engineering | 493 |
41,162,459 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer%20%28travel%29 | In travel, a transfer is local travel arranged as part of an itinerary, typically airport to hotel and hotel to hotel. Transfer has some features that distinguish it from ground transportation alternatives. These features are meeting directly in a transport hub, the opportunity to choose a car class and additional opti... | Transfer (travel) | Physics | 144 |
28,162,265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium%20tetrafluoride | Palladium (IV) fluoride, also known as palladium tetrafluoride, is the chemical compound of palladium and fluorine with the chemical formula PdF4. The palladium atoms in PdF4 are in the +4 oxidation state.
Synthesis
Palladium tetrafluoride has been prepared by reacting palladium(II,IV) fluoride with fluorine gas at pr... | Palladium tetrafluoride | Chemistry | 142 |
15,022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared | Infrared (IR; sometimes called infrared light) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with wavelengths longer than that of visible light but shorter than microwaves. The infrared spectral band begins with waves that are just longer than those of red light (the longest waves in the visible spectrum), so IR is invisible to t... | Infrared | Physics | 7,051 |
78,895,170 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20photoionization | DNA photoionization is the phenomenon according to which ultraviolet radiation absorbed directly by a DNA system (mononucleotide, single or double strand, G-quadruplex…) induces the ejection of electrons, leaving electron holes on the nucleic acid.
The loss of an electron gives rise to a radical cation on the DNA. Ra... | DNA photoionization | Chemistry | 1,440 |
41,729 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20width | In telecommunications, spectral width is the width of a spectral band, i.e., the range of wavelengths or frequencies over which the magnitude of all spectral components is significant, i.e., equal to or greater than a specified fraction of the largest magnitude.
In fiber-optic communication applications, the usual met... | Spectral width | Physics,Mathematics,Engineering | 222 |
76,492,287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald%20Koch | Gerald Koch (born in 1968) is a German wood scientist and professor, senior researcher and research scientific director at the Thünen-Institute of Wood Research at Hamburg, who is an elected fellow of the International Academy of Wood Science.
Research career
Koch obtained his PhD degree in wood science from the Unive... | Gerald Koch | Materials_science | 394 |
19,004,505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nano-RK | Nano-RK is a wireless sensor networking real-time operating system (RTOS) from Carnegie Mellon University, designed to run on microcontrollers for use in sensor networks. Nano-RK supports a fixed-priority fully preemptive scheduler with fine-grained timing primitives to support real-time task sets. "Nano" implies that ... | Nano-RK | Technology | 1,171 |
34,816,085 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web%20%28differential%20geometry%29 | In mathematics, a web permits an intrinsic characterization in terms of Riemannian geometry of the additive separation of variables in the Hamilton–Jacobi equation.
Formal definition
An orthogonal web on a Riemannian manifold (M,g) is a set of n pairwise transversal and orthogonal foliations of connected submanifolds... | Web (differential geometry) | Mathematics | 480 |
2,928,094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXML | cXML (commerce eXtensible Markup Language) is a protocol, created by Ariba in 1999, intended for communication of business documents between procurement applications, e-commerce hubs and suppliers. cXML is based on XML and provides formal XML schemas for standard business transactions, allowing programs to modify and v... | CXML | Technology | 679 |
46,195,932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C30H41NO6S | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C30H41NO6S}}
The molecular formula C30H41NO6S (molar mass: 543.25 g/mol) may refer to:
Radalbuvir
Sagopilone | C30H41NO6S | Chemistry | 53 |
11,888,310 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mummia | Mummia, mumia, or originally mummy referred to several different preparations in the history of medicine, from "mineral pitch" to "powdered human mummies". It originated from Arabic mūmiyā "a type of resinous bitumen found in Western Asia and used curatively" in traditional Islamic medicine, which was translated as pis... | Mummia | Physics | 3,206 |
869,238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metmyoglobin | Metmyoglobin is the oxidized form of the oxygen-carrying hemeprotein myoglobin.
Metmyoglobin is the cause of the characteristic brown colouration of meat that occurs as it ages.
In living muscle, the concentration of metmyoglobin is vanishingly small, due to the presence of the enzyme metmyoglobin reductase, which, i... | Metmyoglobin | Chemistry | 388 |
40,400,729 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limiting%20case%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a limiting case of a mathematical object is a special case that arises when one or more components of the object take on their most extreme possible values. For example:
In statistics, the limiting case of the binomial distribution is the Poisson distribution. As the number of events tends to infinity... | Limiting case (mathematics) | Mathematics | 397 |
15,543,044 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parovicenko%20space | In mathematics, a Parovicenko space is a topological space similar to the space of non-isolated points of the Stone–Čech compactification of the integers.
Definition
A Parovicenko space is a topological space X satisfying the following conditions:
X is compact Hausdorff
X has no isolated points
X has weight c, the car... | Parovicenko space | Mathematics | 196 |
48,540,681 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yilan%20Brick%20Kiln | The Yilan Brick Kiln () is a former brick manufacturing factory in Beijin Village, Yilan City, Yilan County, Taiwan.
History
In 1831, Yilan established its first own brick klin due to the discoveries of sites around Yilan which has high viscosity clay, which was suitable for bricks making. The Yilan Brick Kiln was ori... | Yilan Brick Kiln | Chemistry,Engineering | 265 |
50,399,682 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive%20engineering%20analytics | Predictive engineering analytics (PEA) is a development approach for the manufacturing industry that helps with the design of complex products (for example, products that include smart systems). It concerns the introduction of new software tools, the integration between those, and a refinement of simulation and testing... | Predictive engineering analytics | Engineering | 3,102 |
170,939 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Step%20function | In mathematics, a function on the real numbers is called a step function if it can be written as a finite linear combination of indicator functions of intervals. Informally speaking, a step function is a piecewise constant function having only finitely many pieces.
Definition and first consequences
A function is call... | Step function | Mathematics | 662 |
52,792,035 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20novo%20sequence%20assemblers | De novo sequence assemblers are a type of program that assembles short nucleotide sequences into longer ones without the use of a reference genome. These are most commonly used in bioinformatic studies to assemble genomes or transcriptomes. Two common types of de novo assemblers are greedy algorithm assemblers and De B... | De novo sequence assemblers | Chemistry,Biology | 1,789 |
22,875,393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forever%20Friends%20%28brand%29 | Forever Friends is a brand of Hallmark Cards, based on a Bear design. The Forever Friends bear can be found in 40 countries and in 15 languages.The bear was designed by artist Deborah Jones.
History
In 1987, artist Deborah Jones drew the first ever Forever Friends bear in her sketchbook. She approached Bath, Somerset ... | Forever Friends (brand) | Engineering | 442 |
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