id int64 580 79M | url stringlengths 31 175 | text stringlengths 9 245k | source stringlengths 1 109 | categories stringclasses 160
values | token_count int64 3 51.8k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
492,445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass%20%28drawing%20tool%29 | A compass, also commonly known as a pair of compasses, is a technical drawing instrument that can be used for inscribing circles or arcs. As dividers, it can also be used as a tool to mark out distances, in particular, on maps. Compasses can be used for mathematics, drafting, navigation and other purposes.
Prior to co... | Compass (drawing tool) | Mathematics,Technology | 1,208 |
64,570,030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAT-P-18 | HAT-P-18 is a K-type main-sequence star about 530 light-years away. The star is very old and has a concentration of heavy elements similar to solar abundance. A survey in 2015 detected very strong starspot activity on HAT-P-18.
Planetary system
In 2010 a transiting hot Saturn-sized planet was detected. Its equilibriu... | HAT-P-18 | Astronomy | 295 |
14,881,584 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TPBG | Trophoblast glycoprotein, also known as TPBG, 5T4, Wnt-Activated Inhibitory Factor 1 or WAIF1, is a human protein encoded by a TPBG gene. TPBG is an antagonist of Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
Clinical significance
5T4 is an antigen expressed in a number of carcinomas. It is an N-glycosylated transmembrane 72 kD... | TPBG | Biology | 405 |
30,560,133 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-around%20coil | A run-around coil is a type of energy recovery heat exchanger most often positioned within the supply and exhaust air streams of an air handling system, or in the exhaust gases of an industrial process, to recover the heat energy. Generally, it refers to any intermediate stream used to transfer heat between two streams... | Run-around coil | Physics,Chemistry,Mathematics,Engineering | 767 |
24,009,569 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic%20nucleotide-binding%20domain | Proteins that bind cyclic nucleotides (cAMP or cGMP) share a structural domain of about 120 residues. The best studied of these proteins is the prokaryotic catabolite gene activator (also known as the cAMP receptor protein) (gene crp) where such a domain is known to be composed of three alpha-helices and a distinctive ... | Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain | Biology | 426 |
48,633,927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oat%20beta-glucan | Oat β-glucans are water-soluble β-glucans derived from the endosperm of oat kernels known for their dietary contribution as components of soluble fiber. Due to their property to lower serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, oat β-gluca... | Oat beta-glucan | Chemistry | 2,485 |
5,893,800 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism%20compressor | A prism compressor is an optical device used to shorten the duration of a positively chirped ultrashort laser pulse by giving different wavelength components a different time delay. It typically consists of two prisms and a mirror. Figure 1 shows the construction of such a compressor. Although the dispersion of the pri... | Prism compressor | Materials_science,Engineering | 1,419 |
634,463 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude%20%C3%89mile%20Jean-Baptiste%20Litre | Claude Émile Jean-Baptiste Litre (1716-1778) is a fictional character created in 1978 by Kenneth Woolner of the University of Waterloo to justify the use of a capital L to denote litres.
The International System of Units usually only permits the use of a capital letter when a unit is named after a person. The lower-ca... | Claude Émile Jean-Baptiste Litre | Mathematics | 346 |
23,619,441 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.%20E.%20S.%20Turner | William Ernest Stephen Turner (22 September 1881 – 27 October 1963) was a British chemist and pioneer of scientific glass technology.
Biography
Turner was born in Wednesbury, Staffordshire on 22 September 1881. He went to King Edward VI Grammar School, Five Ways, Birmingham, and achieved a BSc (1902) and MSc (1904) in... | W. E. S. Turner | Materials_science,Engineering | 812 |
75,564,128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliese%20414 | Gliese 414, also known as GJ 414, is a binary system made up of an orange dwarf and a red dwarf, located about 39 light years from Earth, in the constellation Ursa Major. With an apparent magnitude of 8.31, it is not visible to the naked eye. The primary component of the system has two known exoplanets.
Characteristic... | Gliese 414 | Astronomy | 561 |
323,737 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superfund | Superfund is a United States federal environmental remediation program established by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA). The program is administered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and is designed to pay for investigating and cleaning up sites contam... | Superfund | Technology | 5,285 |
15,133,233 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%CE%B2-Propanoyl-3%CE%B2-%284-tolyl%29-tropane | 2β-Propanoyl-3β-(4-tolyl)tropane also known as WF-11 or 2-PTT is a cocaine analogue 20 times more potent than cocaine at binding to the dopamine transporter with increased selectivity for the norepinephrine transporters. It also shows marked increase in metabolic stability. In contrast to the findings of cocaine effect... | 2β-Propanoyl-3β-(4-tolyl)-tropane | Chemistry | 153 |
4,124,553 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Grollo | Bruno Gordano Grollo (born 1942, Melbourne, Victoria) is an Australian businessman, property developer, former Director of Grocon and is noted for his controversy surrounding the Swanston Street Wall incident on 29 March 2013.
Bruno is the son of Luigi Grollo, who founded Grocon, one of Australia’s largest constructi... | Bruno Grollo | Engineering | 2,896 |
22,984,567 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi%20flume | In hydrology, a Venturi flume is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a liquid in situations with large flow rates, such as a river. It is based on the Venturi effect, for which it is named. It was first developed by V.M. Cone in Fort Collins, Colorado.
The Venturi flume consists of a flume with a constric... | Venturi flume | Chemistry,Engineering | 143 |
42,758,904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20Aeronautical%20Reserve | The United States Aeronautical Reserve (U.S.A.R.) was an early aviation organization created by Harvard University’s Aero Club on September 8, 1910. The founder was John H. Ryan, and the General Secretary esd Richard R. Sinclair. The group's recruiting stations were at Harvard University, Mineola, and Belmont Park.
... | United States Aeronautical Reserve | Engineering | 1,719 |
2,958,127 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttarayana | The term Uttarāyaṇa (commonly Uttarayanam) is derived from two different Sanskrit words – "uttaram" (North) and "ayanam" (movement) – thus indicating the northward movement of the Sun. In the Gregorian calendar, this pertains to the "actual movement of the sun with respect to the earth." Also known as the six month per... | Uttarayana | Astronomy | 1,602 |
35,976,368 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galbulus | A galbulus is a fleshy cone (megastrobilus); chiefly relating to those borne by junipers and cypresses, and often mistakenly called a berry. These cones (galbuli) are formed by fleshy cone scales which accrete into a single mass under a unified epidermis. Although originally used for the cypresses, the term is more app... | Galbulus | Biology | 109 |
27,129,223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycena%20californiensis | Mycena californiensis is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae. It is a common and abundant species in the coastal oak woodlands of California, where it grows saprobically, feeding on the fallen leaves and acorns of various oak species. First described in 1860 by Berkeley and Curtis, the species was collected fo... | Mycena californiensis | Biology | 1,649 |
22,259,847 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20R.%20Bickmore | Barry Robert Bickmore is a professor in the department of geological sciences at Brigham Young University (BYU). He is also a devout Mormon, having written Restoring the Ancient Church: Joseph Smith and Early Christianity (Ben Lomond: FAIR, 1999) as well as several articles that have been published in the FARMS Review... | Barry R. Bickmore | Chemistry | 407 |
56,059,359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postia%20cylindrica | Postia cylindrica is a species of poroid fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. Found in Southern China, it was described as a new species in 2017 by Hai-Sheng Yuan. The type collection was found growing on a dead pine tree in Jiangxi. The fungus is characterized macroscopically by crust-like to effused-reflexed fruit b... | Postia cylindrica | Biology | 174 |
38,846,481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Magic%20%28book%29 | The Magic is a 2012 self-help and spirituality book written by Rhonda Byrne. It is the third book in The Secret series. The book was released on March 6, 2012, as a paperback and e-book. The book is available in 41 languages.
See also
The Hero
The Power
The Secret
References
Further reading
2012 non-fiction book... | The Magic (book) | Physics | 92 |
3,329,157 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher-order%20differential%20cryptanalysis | In cryptography, higher-order differential cryptanalysis is a generalization of differential cryptanalysis, an attack used against block ciphers. While in standard differential cryptanalysis the difference between only two texts is used, higher-order differential cryptanalysis studies the propagation of a set of differ... | Higher-order differential cryptanalysis | Technology | 548 |
1,503,668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk%20management%20plan | A risk management plan is a document to foresee risks, estimate impacts, and define responses to risks. It also contains a risk assessment matrix. According to the Project Management Institute, a risk management plan is a "component of the project, program, or portfolio management plan that describes how risk managemen... | Risk management plan | Engineering | 701 |
14,573 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac%20Asimov | Isaac Asimov ( ; – April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University. During his lifetime, Asimov was considered one of the "Big Three" science fiction writers, along with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke. A prolific writer, he wrote or edited more than 500 books. He also ... | Isaac Asimov | Astronomy | 17,619 |
55,719,898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioacyl%20chloride | In organic chemistry, a thioacyl chloride is an organic compound containing the functional group . Their formula is usually written , where R is a side chain. Thioacyl chlorides are analogous to acyl chlorides, but much rarer and less robust. The best studied is thiobenzoyl chloride, a purple oil first prepared by chl... | Thioacyl chloride | Chemistry | 170 |
4,049,168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass%20cloth | Glass cloth is a textile material woven from glass fiber yarn.
Home and garden
Glass cloth was originally developed to be used in greenhouse paneling, allowing sunlight's ultraviolet rays to be filtered out, while still allowing visible light through to plants.
Glass cloth is also a term for a type of tea towel suite... | Glass cloth | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science | 355 |
244,050 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorea%20sandpiper | The Moorea Sandpiper (Prosobonia ellisi) is an extinct member of the large wader family Scolopacidae that was endemic to Mo'orea in French Polynesia, where the locals called it te-te in the Tahitian language.
Two specimens were collected by Georg Forster and William Anderson between September 30 and October 11, 1777, ... | Moorea sandpiper | Biology | 425 |
378,938 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium%20in%20biology | Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems. Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg2+ ion. It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every cell type in every organism. For example, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main source of energy in cells, must bind to a magnesium i... | Magnesium in biology | Chemistry,Biology | 8,696 |
1,286,023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fazlur%20Rahman%20Khan | Fazlur Rahman Khan (, Fazlur Rôhman Khan; 3 April 1929 – 27 March 1982) was a Bangladeshi-American structural engineer and architect, who initiated important structural systems for skyscrapers. Considered the "father of tubular designs" for high-rises, Khan was also a pioneer in computer-aided design (CAD). He was the ... | Fazlur Rahman Khan | Engineering | 4,009 |
35,217,524 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91-Vetivone | α-Vetivone is an organic compound that is classified as a sesquiterpene (derived from three isoprene units). It is a major component of the oil of vetiver, which is used to prepare certain high value perfumes.
α-Vetivone is isolated by steam distillation of the roots of the grass Vetiveria zizanioides. Two other com... | Α-Vetivone | Chemistry | 127 |
35,219,521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrado%20de%20Concini | Corrado de Concini (born 28 July 1949, in Rome) is an Italian mathematician and professor at the Sapienza University of Rome. He studies algebraic geometry, quantum groups, invariant theory, and mathematical physics.
Life and work
He was born in Rome in 1949, the son of Ennio de Concini, a noted screenwriter and film... | Corrado de Concini | Mathematics | 658 |
11,552,241 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallace%20D.%20Hayes | Wallace Dean Hayes (September 4, 1918 – March 2, 2001) was a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at Princeton University and one of the world's leading theoretical aerodynamicists, whose numerous and fundamental contributions to the theories of supersonic and hypersonic flow and wave motion strongly infl... | Wallace D. Hayes | Chemistry | 728 |
7,338,545 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quincha | Quincha is a traditional construction system that uses, fundamentally, wood and cane or giant reed forming an earthquake-proof framework that is covered in mud and plaster.
History
Quincha is a Spanish term widely known in Latin America, borrowed from Quechua qincha (kincha in Kichwa). Even though Spanish and Portugu... | Quincha | Engineering | 435 |
1,962,530 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy%20anointing%20oil | In the ancient Israelite religion, the holy anointing oil () formed an integral part of the ordination of the priesthood and the High Priest as well as in the consecration of the articles of the Tabernacle (Exodus 30:26) and subsequent temples in Jerusalem. The primary purpose of anointing with the holy anointing oil w... | Holy anointing oil | Physics,Chemistry | 4,955 |
18,629,636 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maffei%201 | Maffei 1 is a massive elliptical galaxy in the constellation Cassiopeia. Once believed to be a member of the Local Group of galaxies, it is now known to belong to a separate group, the IC 342/Maffei Group. It was named after Paolo Maffei, who discovered it and the neighboring Maffei 2 in 1967 via their infrared emissi... | Maffei 1 | Astronomy | 1,575 |
144,553 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile | A projectile is an object that is propelled by the application of an external force and then moves freely under the influence of gravity and air resistance. Although any objects in motion through space are projectiles, they are commonly found in warfare and sports (for example, a thrown baseball, kicked football, fired... | Projectile | Physics | 850 |
60,332,587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB3%20Vision | USB3 Vision is an interface standard introduced in 2013 for industrial cameras. It describes a specification on top of the USB standard, with a particular focus on supporting high-performance cameras based on USB 3.0. It is recognized as one of the fastest growing machine vision camera standards. As of October 2019, ve... | USB3 Vision | Technology | 590 |
2,133,700 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb%20blockade | In mesoscopic physics, a Coulomb blockade (CB), named after Charles-Augustin de Coulomb's electrical force, is the decrease in electrical conductance at small bias voltages of a small electronic device comprising at least one low-capacitance tunnel junction. Because of the CB, the conductance of a device may not be con... | Coulomb blockade | Physics,Materials_science | 1,890 |
1,238,920 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation%20automaton | In automata theory, a permutation automaton, or pure-group automaton, is a deterministic finite automaton such that each input symbol permutes the set of states.
Formally, a deterministic finite automaton may be defined by the tuple (Q, Σ, δ, q0, F),
where Q is the set of states of the automaton, Σ is the set of inpu... | Permutation automaton | Mathematics | 388 |
21,726,554 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laves%20phase | Laves phases are intermetallic phases that have composition AB2 and are named for Fritz Laves who first described them. The phases are classified on the basis of geometry alone. While the problem of packing spheres of equal size has been well-studied since Gauss, Laves phases are the result of his investigations into ... | Laves phase | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science | 387 |
12,499,955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jodrell%20Bank%20Centre%20for%20Astrophysics | The Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester, is among the largest astrophysics groups in the UK. It includes the Jodrell Bank Observatory, the MERLIN/VLBI National Facility, and the Jodrell Bank Visitor Centre. The centre was formed after the merger of the Victoria University of Manchester... | Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics | Astronomy | 410 |
60,558,638 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoallelic%20gene%20expression | Monoallelic gene expression (MAE) is the phenomenon of the gene expression, when only one of the two gene copies (alleles) is actively expressed (transcribed), while the other is silent. Diploid organisms bear two homologous copies of each chromosome (one from each parent), a gene can be expressed from both chromosomes... | Monoallelic gene expression | Chemistry,Biology | 903 |
2,519,869 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angewandte%20Chemie | Angewandte Chemie (, meaning "Applied Chemistry") is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published by Wiley-VCH on behalf of the German Chemical Society (Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker). Publishing formats include feature-length reviews, short highlights, research communications, minireviews, essays, boo... | Angewandte Chemie | Chemistry | 800 |
35,642,366 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter%20Polakov | Walter Nicholas Polakov (July 18, 1879 – December 20, 1948 ) was a mechanical engineer, consulting engineer, and pioneer of scientific management.
Biography
Early years
Walter Polakov was born in Luga, Russian Empire, and attended High School in Moscow before studying for a mechanical engineering degree at the Royal ... | Walter Polakov | Engineering | 665 |
55,846,595 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow%20board | A shadow board is a type of tool board for organizing a set of tools; the board defines where particular tools should be placed when they are not in use. Shadow boards have the outlines of a work station's tools marked on them, allowing operators to identify quickly which tools are in use or missing. The boards are com... | Shadow board | Engineering | 150 |
76,380,163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor%E2%80%93Maccoll%20flow | Taylor–Maccoll flow refers to the steady flow behind a conical shock wave that is attached to a solid cone. The flow is named after G. I. Taylor and J. W. Maccoll, whom described the flow in 1933, guided by an earlier work of Theodore von Kármán.
Mathematical description
Consider a steady supersonic flow past a solid... | Taylor–Maccoll flow | Chemistry,Engineering | 957 |
2,339,955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenon%20tetrafluoride | Xenon tetrafluoride is a chemical compound with chemical formula . It was the first discovered binary compound of a noble gas. It is produced by the chemical reaction of xenon with fluorine:
Xe + 2 →
This reaction is exothermic, releasing an energy of 251 kJ/mol.
Xenon tetrafluoride is a colorless crystalline sol... | Xenon tetrafluoride | Chemistry | 720 |
2,517,899 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glauber | Glauber is a scientific discovery method written in the context of computational philosophy of science. It is related to machine learning in artificial intelligence.
Glauber was written, among other programs, by Pat Langley, Herbert A. Simon, G. Bradshaw and J. Zytkow to demonstrate how scientific discovery may be obt... | Glauber | Chemistry | 1,520 |
14,907,107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-subject%20design | In design of experiments, single-subject curriculum or single-case research design is a research design most often used in applied fields of psychology, education, and human behaviour in which the subject serves as his/her own control, rather than using another individual/group. Researchers use single-subject design b... | Single-subject design | Biology | 965 |
53,571,864 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Garson | Mary Jean Garson is a British-Australian organic chemist and academic. She is an Emerita Professor in the School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland.
Early life
Garson was born in Rugby, England, the daughter of an engineer and botanist. She took her B.A with Honours from the Unive... | Mary Garson | Chemistry | 902 |
5,598,607 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20%26%20Engineering%20News | Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN) is a weekly news magazine published by the American Chemical Society (ACS), providing professional and technical news and analysis in the fields of chemistry and chemical engineering. It includes information on recent news and research in these fields, career and employment informatio... | Chemical & Engineering News | Chemistry,Engineering | 226 |
2,302,765 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicutoxin | Cicutoxin is a naturally-occurring poisonous chemical compound produced by several plants from the family Apiaceae including water hemlock (Cicuta species) and water dropwort (Oenanthe crocata). The compound contains polyene, polyyne, and alcohol functional groups and is a structural isomer of oenanthotoxin, also foun... | Cicutoxin | Chemistry | 3,033 |
24,979,660 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAREC | The MAtrixware REsearch Collection (MAREC) is a standardised patent data corpus available for research purposes. MAREC seeks to represent patent documents of several languages in order to answer specific research questions. It consists of 19 million patent documents in different languages, normalised to a highly specif... | MAREC | Technology | 375 |
4,786,254 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogden%20tables | The Ogden tables are a set of statistical tables and other information for use in court cases in the UK. Their purpose is to make it easier to calculate future losses in personal injury and fatal accident cases.
The tables take into account life expectancy and provide a range of discount rates from -2.0% to 3.0% in st... | Ogden tables | Mathematics | 1,014 |
1,955,842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-fermion%20interactions | In quantum field theory, fermions are described by anticommuting spinor fields. A four-fermion interaction describes a local interaction between four fermionic fields at a point. Local here means that it all happens at the same spacetime point. This might be an effective field theory or it might be fundamental.
Relat... | Four-fermion interactions | Physics | 277 |
11,750,971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoportal | A geoportal is a type of web portal used to find and access geographic information (geospatial information) and associated geographic services (display, editing, analysis, etc.) via the Internet. Geoportals are important for effective use of geographic information systems (GIS) and a key element of a spatial data infr... | Geoportal | Technology | 921 |
3,375,398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatsuit | A fatsuit, also known as a fat suit or a fat-suit, is a bodysuit-like undergarment used to thicken the appearance of an actress or actor of light to medium build into an overweight or obese character, in conjunction with prosthetic makeup. Fatsuits worn by characters are either deliberately visible or mainly concealed.... | Fatsuit | Engineering | 345 |
34,377,958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petri%20TTL | Petri TTL was a manual 35 mm SLR camera with TTL metering. It was built by Petri Camera Company, Japan, from 1974. It is unknown when the production stopped.
Features
The Petri TTL was a no-frills and very conservative camera. It was quite big and of heavy, all-metal construction. The only 'luxury' item found on the... | Petri TTL | Technology | 459 |
46,306,761 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal%20overspill | Signal overspill is the receiving of a broadcast signal outside of its geographical target area. Radio frequencies have no way of obeying geographical borders and licensing arrangements, and the extent of overspill depends on where broadcast transmitters are sited and their power. In addition to traditional transmitter... | Signal overspill | Engineering | 517 |
57,253,073 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future%20Affordable%20Turbine%20Engine | The Future Affordable Turbine Engine (FATE) is a US Army program for a 5,000-10,000-shp class turboshaft/turboprop for Future Vertical Lift aircraft and its Joint Multi Role precursor.
Design
To extend range and endurance and to increase hot-and-high payload and performance, it should reduce BSFC by 35%, reduce produc... | Future Affordable Turbine Engine | Technology | 300 |
61,677,522 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo%20Lithia%20Water | Buffalo Lithia Water (later Buffalo Mineral Springs Water) was a brand of lithia water bottled in Buffalo Lithia Springs, Virginia. It was advertised with outsize medical claims, including the ability to treat fevers and nervous disorders. One ad promised a "Marvelous Efficiency in Gout, Rheumatism, [and] Gastrointesti... | Buffalo Lithia Water | Chemistry | 323 |
21,046,621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display%20case | A display case (also called a showcase, display cabinet, shadow box, or vitrine) is a cabinet with one or often more transparent tempered glass (or plastic, normally acrylic for strength) surfaces, used to display objects for viewing. A display case may appear in an exhibition, museum, retail store, restaurant, or hous... | Display case | Engineering | 690 |
1,126,990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Eckel | Bruce Eckel (born ) is a computer programmer, author, and consultant.
Eckel's best known works are Thinking in Java and the two-volume series Thinking in C++, aimed at programmers wanting to learn the Java or C++ programming languages, respectively, particularly those with little experience of object-oriented programm... | Bruce Eckel | Technology | 461 |
2,022,808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDin%C4%8Dica | (in Slovak), (in Czech), (in Polish), () (in Ukrainian), or Zyntyca (in Goralic) is a drink made of sheep milk whey similar to kefir consumed mostly in Slovakia and Poland. It is a by-product in the process of making bryndza cheese.
Žinčica is fermented by the following Lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus casei, La... | Žinčica | Biology | 195 |
14,762,060 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumican | Lumican, also known as LUM, is an extracellular matrix protein that, in humans, is encoded by the LUM gene on chromosome 12.
Structure
Lumican is a proteoglycan Class II member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family that includes decorin, biglycan, fibromodulin, keratocan, epiphycan, and osteoglycin. ... | Lumican | Chemistry | 825 |
38,112,346 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/49%20Orionis | 49 Orionis is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It has the Bayer designation d Orionis, while 49 Orionis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.80. It is located 141 light years away from the Sun bas... | 49 Orionis | Astronomy | 312 |
27,865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20%28topology%29 | In the part of mathematics referred to as topology, a surface is a two-dimensional manifold. Some surfaces arise as the boundaries of three-dimensional solid figures; for example, the sphere is the boundary of the solid ball. Other surfaces arise as graphs of functions of two variables; see the figure at right. However... | Surface (topology) | Mathematics | 4,737 |
21,743,669 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bare%20particle | In theoretical physics, a bare particle is an excitation of an elementary quantum field. In solid-state physics, quasiparticles are dressed particles that also include additional particles surrounding the bare one.
See also
Quasiparticle
References
Quantum field theory | Bare particle | Physics | 53 |
1,724,825 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doron%20Zeilberger | Doron Zeilberger (דורון ציילברגר; born 2 July 1950) is an Israeli-American mathematician, known for his work in combinatorics.
Education and career
He received his doctorate from the Weizmann Institute of Science in 1976, under the direction of Harry Dym, with the thesis "New Approaches and Results in the Theory of Di... | Doron Zeilberger | Mathematics | 535 |
38,001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalanine | Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an essential α-amino acid with the formula . It can be viewed as a benzyl group substituted for the methyl group of alanine, or a phenyl group in place of a terminal hydrogen of alanine. This essential amino acid is classified as neutral, and nonpolar because of the inert and hydropho... | Phenylalanine | Chemistry | 2,402 |
71,619,423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PGC%202933 | PGC or LEDA 2933 is a faint dwarf irregular galaxy in the Sculptor Group. It can be seen in the southern constellation Phoenix. According to measurements, the galaxy is located 11.15 million light-years away.
Because it is situated in the Sculptor Group, it is one of the closest galaxies to the Milky Way. It is obscur... | PGC 2933 | Astronomy | 132 |
3,351,683 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verify%20in%20field | Verify in field is a construction document notation indicating that the dimensions on a drawing (including architectural, structural, plumbing, mechanical, and electrical plans or miscellaneous vendor shop drawings) require additional verification on the actual site or field. This is commonly shown on drawings as "VIF... | Verify in field | Engineering | 88 |
59,142,827 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%20705 | NGC 705 is a lenticular galaxy located 240 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on September 21, 1786 and is also a member of Abell 262.
Although NGC 705 is an early type galaxy, it has a dust lane that is concentrated toward its central regi... | NGC 705 | Astronomy | 123 |
9,465,380 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watchclock | A watchclock is a mechanical clock used by security guards as part of their guard tour patrol system which require regular patrols. The most commonly used form was the mechanical clock systems that required a key for manual punching of a number to a strip of paper inside with the time pre-printed on it. Recently, elect... | Watchclock | Technology | 491 |
10,789,250 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television%20standards%20conversion | Television standards conversion is the process of changing a television transmission or recording from one video system to another.
Converting video between different numbers of lines, frame rates, and color models in video pictures is a complex technical problem. However, the international exchange of television pro... | Television standards conversion | Engineering | 4,495 |
51,277,173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular%20agriculture | Cellular agriculture focuses on the production of agricultural products from cell cultures using a combination of biotechnology, tissue engineering, molecular biology, and synthetic biology to create and design new methods of producing proteins, fats, and tissues that would otherwise come from traditional agriculture. ... | Cellular agriculture | Engineering,Biology | 3,628 |
58,787 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20black%20hole%20physics | Timeline of black hole physics
Pre-20th century
1640 — Ismaël Bullialdus suggests an inverse-square gravitational force law
1676 — Ole Rømer demonstrates that light has a finite speed
1684 — Isaac Newton writes down his inverse-square law of universal gravitation
1758 — Rudjer Josip Boscovich develops his theory o... | Timeline of black hole physics | Physics,Astronomy | 1,457 |
3,224,640 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iguanomorpha | Iguania is an infraorder of squamate reptiles that includes iguanas, chameleons, agamids, and New World lizards like anoles and phrynosomatids. Using morphological features as a guide to evolutionary relationships, the Iguania are believed to form the sister group to the remainder of the Squamata, which comprise nearly... | Iguanomorpha | Biology,Environmental_science | 662 |
7,844,595 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center-of-momentum%20frame | In physics, the center-of-momentum frame (COM frame), also known as zero-momentum frame, is the inertial frame in which the total momentum of the system vanishes. It is unique up to velocity, but not origin. The center of momentum of a system is not a location, but a collection of relative momenta/velocities: a referen... | Center-of-momentum frame | Physics,Mathematics,Technology | 1,130 |
27,642,888 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20utility | An electric utility, or a power company, is a company in the electric power industry (often a public utility) that engages in electricity generation and distribution of electricity for sale generally in a regulated market. The electrical utility industry is a major provider of energy in most countries.
Electric utilit... | Electric utility | Physics,Engineering | 1,105 |
709,999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford%20module | In mathematics, a Clifford module is a representation of a Clifford algebra. In general a Clifford algebra C is a central simple algebra over some field extension L of the field K over which the quadratic form Q defining C is defined.
The abstract theory of Clifford modules was founded by a paper of M. F. Atiyah, R. B... | Clifford module | Mathematics | 380 |
1,300,874 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinic%20keratosis | Actinic keratosis (AK), sometimes called solar keratosis or senile keratosis, is a pre-cancerous area of thick, scaly, or crusty skin. Actinic keratosis is a disorder (-osis) of epidermal keratinocytes that is induced by ultraviolet (UV) light exposure (actin-).
These growths are more common in fair-skinned people an... | Actinic keratosis | Chemistry | 7,379 |
8,419,626 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20response%20function | A linear response function describes the input-output relationship of a signal transducer, such as a radio turning electromagnetic waves into music or a neuron turning synaptic input into a response. Because of its many applications in information theory, physics and engineering there exist alternative names for specif... | Linear response function | Physics,Mathematics | 705 |
38,244,165 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marius%20Jeuken | Marius Jeuken (26 January 1916 - 24 March 1983) was professor of theoretical biology at the Institute of Theoretical Biology at Leiden University in the Netherlands, from 1968 until his death.
Jeuken was also a member of the Society of Jesus; he joined the Dutch Jesuits in 1934 and was ordained a Catholic priest in 194... | Marius Jeuken | Biology | 694 |
65,005,031 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyceryl%20octyl%20ascorbic%20acid | Glyceryl octyl ascorbic acid (GO-VC) is an amphipathic derivative of vitamin C consisting of two ether linkages: a 1-octyl at position 2 and a glycerin at position 3. The chemical name is 2-glyceryl-3-octyl ascorbic acid. The isomer in which these two groups are swapped (2-octyl-3-glyceryl ascorbic acid, OG-VC) is also... | Glyceryl octyl ascorbic acid | Chemistry | 1,394 |
39,592,843 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next-generation%20matrix | In epidemiology, the next-generation matrix is used to derive the basic reproduction number, for a compartmental model of the spread of infectious diseases. In population dynamics it is used to compute the basic reproduction number for structured population models. It is also used in multi-type branching models for an... | Next-generation matrix | Mathematics,Environmental_science | 330 |
63,326,139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrally%20convex%20set | An integrally convex set is the discrete geometry analogue of the concept of convex set in geometry.
A subset X of the integer grid is integrally convex if any point y in the convex hull of X can be expressed as a convex combination of the points of X that are "near" y, where "near" means that the distance between ea... | Integrally convex set | Mathematics | 700 |
41,561,194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail-Veyor | Railveyor is a remote controlled, electrically powered light-rail haulage solution for surface and underground applications in the mining and aggregate industries. Railveyor Technologies Global Inc. is a private Sudbury, Canada-based industrial bulk material handling and material haulage company that manufactures and ... | Rail-Veyor | Engineering | 529 |
14,075,504 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEGFR1 | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLT1 gene.
Function
FLT1 is a member of VEGF receptor gene family. It encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase which is activated by VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and placental growth factor. The sequence structure of the FLT1 gene resembles tha... | VEGFR1 | Chemistry | 234 |
10,554,103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronometer%20watch | A chronometer (, khronómetron, "time measurer") is an extraordinarily accurate mechanical timepiece, with an original focus on the needs of maritime navigation. In Switzerland, timepieces certified by the Contrôle Officiel Suisse des Chronomètres (COSC) may be marked as Certified Chronometer or Officially Certified Chr... | Chronometer watch | Physics,Technology,Engineering | 1,493 |
31,341,292 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When%20Technology%20Fails | When Technology Fails, edited by Neil Schlager, is a collection of 103 case studies about significant technological disasters, accidents, and failures of the 20th century. It was published in 1994 by Gale Research, Inc. It was one of the top referenced books in the New York Public Library in 1995. The book was updated ... | When Technology Fails | Technology,Engineering | 213 |
17,509,460 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philips%20Pavilion | The Philips Pavilion (; ) was a modernist pavilion in Brussels, Belgium, constructed for the 1958 Brussels World's Fair (Expo 58). Commissioned by electronics manufacturer Philips and designed by the office of Le Corbusier, it was built to house a multimedia spectacle that celebrated postwar technological progress. Bec... | Philips Pavilion | Technology | 555 |
984,629 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20complexity | In sociology, social complexity is a conceptual framework used in the analysis of society. In the sciences, contemporary definitions of complexity are found in systems theory, wherein the phenomenon being studied has many parts and many possible arrangements of the parts; simultaneously, what is complex and what is sim... | Social complexity | Mathematics | 2,131 |
13,079,354 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drazin%20inverse | In mathematics, the Drazin inverse, named after Michael P. Drazin, is a kind of generalized inverse of a matrix.
Let A be a square matrix. The index of A is the least nonnegative integer k such that rank(Ak+1) = rank(Ak). The Drazin inverse of A is the unique matrix AD that satisfies
It's not a generalized inverse i... | Drazin inverse | Mathematics | 645 |
30,714,583 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim%20McKay | Kim Coral McKay is an Australian environmentalist, author, entrepreneur, and businesswoman. She co-founded the Clean Up Australia campaign in 1989, and the Clean Up the World campaign in 1992, and also co-created The National Geographic Society's The Genographic Project, the world's largest DNA population study.
Earl... | Kim McKay | Environmental_science | 1,917 |
3,024,813 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydroxylation | Dihydroxylation is the process by which an alkene is converted into a vicinal diol. Although there are many routes to accomplish this oxidation, the most common and direct processes use a high-oxidation-state transition metal (typically osmium or manganese). The metal is often used as a catalyst, with some other stoic... | Dihydroxylation | Chemistry | 1,859 |
41,902,696 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium%20allii | Penicillium allii is an anamorph fungus species of the genus of Penicillium. Penicillium allii is a pathogen of garlic (Allium sativum).
Further reading
Penicillium allii, a New Species from Egyptian Garlic Michael A. Vincent and John I. Pitt Mycologia Vol. 81, No. 2 (Mar. - Apr., 1989), pp. 300–303 Published by: Myco... | Penicillium allii | Biology | 121 |
41,945,536 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20center%20network%20architectures | A data center is a pool of resources (computational, storage, network) interconnected using a communication network. A data center network (DCN) holds a pivotal role in a data center, as it interconnects all of the data center resources together. DCNs need to be scalable and efficient to connect tens or even hundreds o... | Data center network architectures | Technology | 1,505 |
2,671,210 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitryl | Nitryl is the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) moiety when it occurs in a larger compound as a univalent fragment. Examples include nitryl fluoride (NO2F) and nitryl chloride (NO2Cl).
Like nitrogen dioxide, the nitryl moiety contains a nitrogen atom with two bonds to the two oxygen atoms, and a third bond shared equally between... | Nitryl | Chemistry,Biology | 224 |
5,624,725 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine%20cellar | A wine cellar is a storage room for wine in bottles or barrels, or more rarely in carboys, amphorae, or plastic containers. In an active wine cellar, important factors such as temperature and humidity are maintained by a climate control system. In contrast, passive wine cellars are not climate-controlled, and are usual... | Wine cellar | Engineering | 625 |
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