id int64 580 79M | url stringlengths 31 175 | text stringlengths 9 245k | source stringlengths 1 109 | categories stringclasses 160
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20,051,748 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoked%20glass | Smoked glass is glass held in the smoke of a candle flame (or other inefficiently burning hydrocarbon) such that one surface of the sheet of glass is covered in a layer of smoke residue. The glass is used as a medium for recording pen traces in scientific instruments, and is also used to track pheromone deposition in a... | Smoked glass | Chemistry | 233 |
8,633,062 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20capture | In geology, lake capture is the process of capture (see Stream capture) of the waters collected in a lake by a neighbor river basin.
The occurrence of a lake capture is mainly controlled by the water balance at the lake's basin and the changes in topography due to erosion, sedimentation, and tectonism. If evaporation ... | Lake capture | Environmental_science | 311 |
528,847 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairpin%20turn | A hairpin turn (also hairpin bend or hairpin corner) is a bend in a road with a very acute inner angle, making it necessary for an oncoming vehicle to turn about 180° to continue on the road. It is named for its resemblance to a bent metal hairpin. Such turns in ramps and trails may be called switchbacks in American En... | Hairpin turn | Technology | 448 |
41,625 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiometry | Radiometry is a set of techniques for measuring electromagnetic radiation, including visible light. Radiometric techniques in optics characterize the distribution of the radiation's power in space, as opposed to photometric techniques, which characterize the light's interaction with the human eye. The fundamental diffe... | Radiometry | Physics,Astronomy,Mathematics,Engineering | 541 |
56,509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potash | Potash ( ) includes various mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The name derives from pot ash, plant ashes or wood ash soaked in water in a pot, the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era. The word potassium is derived from potash.
Potash is produced worl... | Potash | Chemistry | 3,602 |
1,033,084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseous%20diffusion | Gaseous diffusion is a technology that was used to produce enriched uranium by forcing gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF6) through microporous membranes. This produces a slight separation (enrichment factor 1.0043) between the molecules containing uranium-235 (235U) and uranium-238 (238U). By use of a large cascade of m... | Gaseous diffusion | Chemistry | 2,093 |
28,380,302 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LdrD-RdlD%20toxin-antitoxin%20system | RdlD RNA (regulator detected in LDR-D) is a family of small non-coding RNAs which repress the protein LdrD in a type I toxin-antitoxin system. It was discovered in Escherichia coli strain K-12 in a long direct repeat (LDR) named LDR-D. This locus encodes two products: a 35 amino acid peptide toxin (ldrD) and a 60 nucle... | LdrD-RdlD toxin-antitoxin system | Environmental_science | 487 |
37,768,872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20v.%20Solon | United States v. Solon, 596 F.3d 1206 (10th Cir. 2010), was a case in which Nathaniel Solon, a resident of Casper, Wyoming, was convicted for possession of child pornography. The case became known in the media for irregularities in the process, and suspicions (affirmed by the defendant) that the material was introduced... | United States v. Solon | Technology | 312 |
51,653 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burali-Forti%20paradox | In set theory, a field of mathematics, the Burali-Forti paradox demonstrates that constructing "the set of all ordinal numbers" leads to a contradiction and therefore shows an antinomy in a system that allows its construction. It is named after Cesare Burali-Forti, who, in 1897, published a paper proving a theorem whic... | Burali-Forti paradox | Mathematics | 1,051 |
32,763,780 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harish-Chandra%27s%20c-function | In mathematics, Harish-Chandra's c-function is a function related to the intertwining operator between two principal series representations, that appears in the Plancherel measure for semisimple Lie groups. introduced a special case of it defined in terms of the asymptotic behavior of a zonal spherical function of a ... | Harish-Chandra's c-function | Mathematics | 522 |
73,792,270 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Digital%20Compact | The Global Digital Compact is an initiative proposed in the United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres's Common Agenda. The objective of this compact is to ensure that digital technologies are used responsibly and for the benefit of all, while addressing the digital divide and fostering a safe and inclusive digi... | Global Digital Compact | Technology | 530 |
69,496,724 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutetium%20phosphide | Lutetium phosphide is an inorganic compound of lutetium and phosphorus with the chemical formula . The compound forms dark crystals, does not dissolve in water.
Synthesis
Heating powdered lutetium and red phosphorus in an inert atmosphere or vacuum:
4Lu + P4 -> 4LuP
It can also be formed in the reaction of lutetium a... | Lutetium phosphide | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science,Engineering | 182 |
13,152,539 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAPO%20%28computer%29 | The SAPO (short for Samočinný počítač, “automatic computer”) was the first Czechoslovak computer. It operated in the years 1957–1960 in Výzkumný ústav matematických strojů, part of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. The computer was the first fault-tolerant computer – it had three parallel arithmetic logic units, wh... | SAPO (computer) | Technology | 308 |
11,784,110 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linphone | Linphone (contraction of Linux phone) is a free voice over IP softphone, SIP client and service. It may be used for audio and video direct calls and calls through any VoIP softswitch or IP-PBX. Linphone also provides the possibility to exchange instant messages. It has a simple multilanguage interface based on Qt for G... | Linphone | Technology | 565 |
65,575,944 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryegrass%20mosaic%20virus | Ryegrass mosaic virus (RMV) is a virus in the genus Rymovirus. As the name suggests its hosts include ryegrass, but also other relatives in the family Poaceae. RMV's genome was sequenced in 2015.
References
Potyviridae
Viral plant pathogens and diseases
Monocot diseases | Ryegrass mosaic virus | Biology | 65 |
7,131,295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knockdown%20texture | Knockdown texture is a drywall finishing style. It is a mottled texture, it has more changes in textures than a simple flat finish, but less changes than orange peel, or popcorn, texture.
Knockdown texture is created by watering down joint compound to a soupy consistency. A trowel is then used to apply the joint com... | Knockdown texture | Engineering | 273 |
165,384 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie%20temperature | In physics and materials science, the Curie temperature (TC), or Curie point, is the temperature above which certain materials lose their permanent magnetic properties, which can (in most cases) be replaced by induced magnetism. The Curie temperature is named after Pierre Curie, who showed that magnetism is lost at a c... | Curie temperature | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science,Mathematics | 4,447 |
69,816,853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoRoT-24c | CoRoT-24c is a transiting exoplanet found by the CoRoT space telescope in 2011 and announced in 2014. Along with CoRoT-24b, it is one of two exoplanets orbiting CoRoT-24, making it the first multiple transiting system detected by the telescope. It is a hot Neptune orbiting at a distance of 0.098 AU from its host star.
... | CoRoT-24c | Astronomy | 104 |
23,643 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propane | Propane () is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula . It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, but compressible to a transportable liquid. A by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining, it is often a constituent of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is commonly used as a fuel in do... | Propane | Chemistry | 4,975 |
347,136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20TCP%20and%20UDP%20port%20numbers | This is a list of TCP and UDP port numbers used by protocols for operation of network applications. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) only need one port for bidirectional traffic. TCP usually uses port numbers that match the services of the corresponding UDP implementations, i... | List of TCP and UDP port numbers | Technology | 413 |
3,839,438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental%20finance | The goals of experimental finance are to understand human and market behavior in settings relevant to finance. Experiments are synthetic economic environments created by researchers specifically to answer research questions. This might involve, for example, establishing different market settings and environments to obs... | Experimental finance | Biology | 1,369 |
34,807,944 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission%20of%20Railway%20Safety | The Commission of Railway Safety is a government commission of India. Subordinate to the Ministry of Civil Aviation, the commission is the rail safety authority in India, as directed by The Railways Act, 1989.
The agency investigates serious rail accidents. Its head office was in the North-East Railway Compound in Luc... | Commission of Railway Safety | Technology | 317 |
14,922,915 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec.%20709 | ITU-R Recommendation 709, usually abbreviated Rec. 709, BT.709, or ITU-R 709, is a standard developed by the Radiocommunication Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) for image encoding and signal characteristics of high-definition television (HDTV). The standard specifies a scheme for digital enc... | Rec. 709 | Mathematics | 3,463 |
1,862,137 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20paper | Digital paper, also known as interactive paper, is patterned paper used in conjunction with a digital pen to create handwritten digital documents. The printed dot pattern identifies the position coordinates on the paper. The digital pen uses this pattern to store handwriting and upload it to a computer.
The paper
The... | Digital paper | Engineering | 619 |
3,664,073 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%20selection | Model selection is the task of selecting a model from among various candidates on the basis of performance criterion to choose the best one.
In the context of machine learning and more generally statistical analysis, this may be the selection of a statistical model from a set of candidate models, given data. In the sim... | Model selection | Biology | 1,492 |
8,063,851 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six%20nines%20in%20pi | A sequence of six consecutive nines occurs in the decimal representation of the number pi (), starting at the 762nd decimal place. It has become famous because of the mathematical coincidence, and because of the idea that one could memorize the digits of up to that point, and then suggest that is rational. The earlie... | Six nines in pi | Mathematics | 1,025 |
850,697 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J-B%20Weld | The J-B Weld Company is an international company that produces epoxy products. The home office is based in Sulphur Springs, Texas. J-B Weld (stylized as J-B WELD) is the name of their flagship product: a specialized, high-temperature epoxy adhesive for use in bonding materials together. The company has run advertiseme... | J-B Weld | Chemistry,Materials_science | 1,537 |
31,037,820 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutchinson%27s%20rule | In ecological theory, the Hutchinson's ratio is the ratio of the size differences between similar species when they are living together as compared to when they are isolated. It is named after G. Evelyn Hutchinson who concluded that various key attributes in species varied according to the ratio of 1:1.1 to 1:1.4. The ... | Hutchinson's rule | Biology | 528 |
47,460,396 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaricus%20bresadolanus | Agaricus bresadolanus (parkland mushroom) is a toxic species of fungus in the genus Agaricus. Its spores are ellipsoid and lack a germ pore, with dimensions of 5.5–7.5 by 4.0–5.0 μm.
It was described by Hungarian mycologist Gábor Bohus in 1969. A rare species, it has been recorded in Asia and southern Europe, where it... | Agaricus bresadolanus | Biology | 136 |
44,961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.%20National%20Ice%20Center | The U.S. National Ice Center (USNIC) is a tri-agency operational center and echelon V command of the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO), whose mission is to provide worldwide navigational ice analyses for the armed forces of the United States, allied nations, and U.S. government agencies.
It is represented by the ... | U.S. National Ice Center | Physics | 289 |
69,412,864 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottom%20simulating%20reflector | Bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) are, on seismic reflection profiles, shallow seismic reflection events, characterized by their reflection geometry similar to seafloor bathymetry.
. They have, however, the opposite reflection polarity to the seabed reflection, and frequently intersect the primary reflections.
Caus... | Bottom simulating reflector | Physics | 648 |
25,865,458 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSA%20Advantage | GSA Advantage is an online government purchasing service run by the General Services Administration (GSA).
GSA Advantage is an online shopping and ordering service created within the GSA for use by government agencies to buy commercial products and services. Its mission is to provide a streamlined purchasing portal fo... | GSA Advantage | Technology | 276 |
9,575,078 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollow%20Moon | The Hollow Moon and the closely related Spaceship Moon are pseudoscientific hypotheses that propose that Earth's Moon is either wholly hollow or otherwise contains a substantial interior space. No scientific evidence exists to support the idea; seismic observations and other data collected since spacecraft began to orb... | Hollow Moon | Astronomy,Technology | 2,365 |
21,980,575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan%20silver | Tibetan silver (Chinese Zangyin) in modern usage refers to a variety of white non-precious metal alloys used primarily in jewelry components, with an appearance similar to aged silver.
Description
Silver in Tibet
In ancient times silver was imported from regions near modern Iran (Bactria, Khorasan), and an associatio... | Tibetan silver | Chemistry | 337 |
57,759 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biophoton | Biophotons (from the Greek βίος meaning "life" and φῶς meaning "light") are photons of light in the ultraviolet and low visible light range that are produced by a biological system. They are non-thermal in origin, and the emission of biophotons is technically a type of bioluminescence, though the term "bioluminescence... | Biophoton | Chemistry,Biology | 1,118 |
39,082,282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bony%E2%80%93Brezis%20theorem | In mathematics, the Bony–Brezis theorem, due to the French mathematicians Jean-Michel Bony and Haïm Brezis, gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a closed subset of a manifold to be invariant under the flow defined by a vector field, namely at each point of the closed set the vector field must have non-positive... | Bony–Brezis theorem | Physics,Mathematics | 709 |
1,781,446 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Box | Don Box is a former Microsoft Technical Fellow.
Before joining Microsoft in 2002, Box was a contributing editor and columnist at Microsoft Systems Journal, which later became MSDN Magazine, and was one of the founders of DevelopMentor, a software training company; he left DevelopMentor to join Microsoft.
Box led the ... | Don Box | Technology | 522 |
31,926,273 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto%20Bioclon | The Instituto Bioclon S.A. de C.V. (Bioclon Institute) was formed in 1990 to research and develop F(ab’)2 antivenoms. On May 6, 2015 they received approval from the FDA to commercialize Anavip becoming their second drug approved by the FDA after ANASCORP. Both are commercialized in the US by Rare Disease Therapeutics, ... | Instituto Bioclon | Environmental_science | 379 |
12,570,355 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%20Vulpeculae | 9 Vulpeculae is a star in the northern constellation of Vulpecula, located about 560 light years away based on parallax. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, blue-white hued star with a baseline apparent visual magnitude of 5.01. The star is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +5 ... | 9 Vulpeculae | Astronomy | 267 |
4,786,318 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20dynamical%20system | Linear dynamical systems are dynamical systems whose evolution functions are linear. While dynamical systems, in general, do not have closed-form solutions, linear dynamical systems can be solved exactly, and they have a rich set of mathematical properties. Linear systems can also be used to understand the qualitativ... | Linear dynamical system | Physics,Mathematics | 597 |
2,849,297 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppositional%20defiant%20disorder | Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is listed in the DSM-5 under Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders and defined as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness." This behavior is usually targeted toward peers, parents, teachers, and other authority figures, incl... | Oppositional defiant disorder | Biology | 4,800 |
200,463 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transitive%20relation | In mathematics, a binary relation on a set is transitive if, for all elements , , in , whenever relates to and to , then also relates to .
Every partial order and every equivalence relation is transitive. For example, less than and equality among real numbers are both transitive: If and then ; and if and ... | Transitive relation | Mathematics | 1,984 |
3,342,929 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten%20stone | Rotten stone, sometimes spelled as rottenstone, also known as tripoli, is fine powdered porous rock used as a polishing abrasive for metal smithing, historically for the grinding of optical lenses and in woodworking. It is usually weathered limestone mixed with diatomaceous, amorphous, or crystalline silica. It has sim... | Rotten stone | Physics | 442 |
73,354,598 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliasing%20%28factorial%20experiments%29 | In the statistical theory of factorial experiments, aliasing is the property of fractional factorial designs that makes some effects "aliased" with each other – that is, indistinguishable from each other. A primary goal of the theory of such designs is the control of aliasing so that important effects are not aliased w... | Aliasing (factorial experiments) | Engineering | 5,499 |
53,404,706 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost%20of%20drug%20development | The cost of drug development is the full cost of bringing a new drug (i.e., new chemical entity) to market from drug discovery through clinical trials to approval. Typically, companies spend tens to hundreds of millions of U.S. dollars on drug development. One element of the complexity is that the much-publicized fina... | Cost of drug development | Chemistry,Biology | 1,131 |
34,040,794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceleration%20voltage | In accelerator physics, the term acceleration voltage means the effective voltage surpassed by a charged particle along a defined straight line. If not specified further, the term is likely to refer to the longitudinal effective acceleration voltage .
The acceleration voltage is an important quantity for the design of... | Acceleration voltage | Physics | 585 |
3,877,901 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%28D%29J%20recombination | V(D)J recombination (variable–diversity–joining rearrangement) is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. It results in the highly diverse repertoire of antibodies/immunoglobulins and T cell receptors (TCRs) found in B cells a... | V(D)J recombination | Biology | 3,053 |
64,263,166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantometrum%20Kircherianum | Pantometrum Kircherianum is a 1660 work by the Jesuit scholars Gaspar Schott and Athanasius Kircher. It was dedicated to Christian Louis I, Duke of Mecklenburg and printed in Würzburg by Johann Gottfried Schönwetter. It was a description, with building instructions, of a measuring device called the pantometer, that Kir... | Pantometrum Kircherianum | Physics,Mathematics | 704 |
3,287,188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthene | Xanthene (9H-xanthene, 10H-9-oxaanthracene) is the organic compound with the formula CH2[C6H4]2O. It is a yellow solid that is soluble in common organic solvents. Xanthene itself is an obscure compound, but many of its derivatives are useful dyes.
Xanthene dyes
Dyes that contain a xanthene core include bikaverin, flu... | Xanthene | Biology | 199 |
15,162,845 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splicing%20factor | A splicing factor is a protein involved in the removal of introns from strings of messenger RNA, so that the exons can bind together; the process takes place in particles known as spliceosomes. Genes are progressively switched off as people age, and splicing factors can reverse this trend. Splicing factors regulate the... | Splicing factor | Chemistry,Biology | 214 |
38,700,907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/56%20Ursae%20Majoris | 56 Ursae Majoris (56 UMa) is a star in the constellation Ursa Major. Its apparent magnitude is 5.03. It is a single-lined spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of about 45 years. The companion star is likely a heavy neutron star born by a supernova that exploded around 100,000 years ago.
References
Ursa Major
G... | 56 Ursae Majoris | Astronomy | 112 |
2,527,048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes%20of%20iron | Natural iron (Fe) consists of four stable isotopes: 5.845% Fe (possibly radioactive with half-life > years), 91.754% Fe, 2.119% Fe and 0.286% Fe. There are 28 known radioisotopes and 8 nuclear isomers, the most stable of which are Fe (half-life 2.6 million years) and Fe (half-life 2.7 years).
Much of the past work on ... | Isotopes of iron | Chemistry | 4,941 |
62,184,291 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limnological%20tower | A limnological tower is a structure constructed in a body of water to facilitate the study of aquatic ecosystems (limnology). They play an important role in drinking water infrastructure by allowing the prediction of algal blooms which can block filters and affect the taste of the water.
Purpose
Limnological towers ... | Limnological tower | Chemistry,Engineering,Environmental_science | 885 |
4,164,148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver%20E.%20Buckley%20Prize | The Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize is an annual award given by the American Physical Society "to recognize and encourage outstanding theoretical or experimental contributions to condensed matter physics." It was endowed by AT&T Bell Laboratories as a means of recognizing outstanding scientific work. The prize... | Oliver E. Buckley Prize | Physics,Materials_science | 194 |
48,791,271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime%20mobile-satellite%20service | Maritime mobile-satellite service (MMSS, or maritime mobile-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to Article 1.29 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations (RR) – "A mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth stations are located on board ships; survival craft stations and emer... | Maritime mobile-satellite service | Technology | 288 |
63,035,175 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioural%20archaeology | Behavioural archaeology is an archaeological theory that expands upon the nature and aims of archaeology in regards to human behaviour and material culture. The theory was first published in 1975 by American archaeologist Michael B. Schiffer and his colleagues J. Jefferson Reid, and William L. Rathje. The theory propos... | Behavioural archaeology | Biology | 2,777 |
69,583,525 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niesslia%20peltigerae | Niesslia peltigerae is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Niessliaceae. It was described as a new species in 2020 by lichenologist Sergio Pérez-Ortega. The type specimen was collected in the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area of Glacier Bay National Park, in muskeg and forest. The fungus was growing parasitically o... | Niesslia peltigerae | Biology | 166 |
57,999,059 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minna%20Palmroth | Minna Palmroth (born 10 May 1975) is a professor in computational space physics at the University of Helsinki; her particular area of interest is magnetospheric physics and solar wind - magnetosphere interactions.
Life
Palmroth is from Sahalahti, a small village in the former municipality by the same name near the ci... | Minna Palmroth | Physics | 464 |
74,785,573 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutristor | A neutristor is a compact neutron generator made using solid-state electronics, invented at Sandia National Laboratories. Its primary purpose is to act as a light-weight, cheaper, and safer alternative to standard neutron generation devices, benefiting industries and processes such as oilfield operations, heavy mechani... | Neutristor | Technology,Engineering | 169 |
26,618,821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GyrA%20RNA%20motif | The gyrA RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure identified by bioinformatics. The RNAs are present in multiple species of bacteria within the order Pseudomonadales. This order contains the genus Pseudomonas, which includes the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas syringae, a plant path... | GyrA RNA motif | Chemistry | 200 |
24,377,796 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological%20history%20of%20oxygen | Although oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth's crust, due to its high reactivity it mostly exists in compound (oxide) forms such as water, carbon dioxide, iron oxides and silicates. Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth's atmosphere had no free diatomic elemental oxygen (O2). Small quantities of oxygen were rel... | Geological history of oxygen | Chemistry,Environmental_science | 1,634 |
49,249,936 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug%20vectorization | In pharmacology and medicine, vectorization of drugs refers to (intracellular) targeting with plastic, noble metal or silicon nanoparticles or liposomes to which pharmacologically active substances are reversibly bound or attached by adsorption.
CNRS researchers have devised a way to overcome the problem of multidrug ... | Drug vectorization | Chemistry,Materials_science | 177 |
17,291,981 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic%20pentafluoride | Arsenic pentafluoride is a chemical compound of arsenic and fluorine. It is a toxic, colorless gas. The oxidation state of arsenic is +5.
Synthesis
Arsenic pentafluoride can be prepared by direct combination of arsenic and fluorine:
2As + 5F2 → 2AsF5
It can also be prepared by the reaction of arsenic trifluoride an... | Arsenic pentafluoride | Chemistry | 283 |
8,008,377 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast%20microscopy |
Phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) is an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness changes in the image. Phase shifts themselves are invisible, but become visible when shown as brightness variations.
When light waves travel through a medium oth... | Phase-contrast microscopy | Chemistry,Technology,Engineering,Biology | 1,145 |
34,457,771 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20for%20Environmental%20Philosophy | The Center for Environmental Philosophy is a non-profit organization that supports a range of scholarly activities that explore philosophical aspects of environmental problems. It publishes the scholarly journal Environmental Ethics. The center best known for this leading journal in the field of environmental philosop... | Center for Environmental Philosophy | Environmental_science | 333 |
36,531,196 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent%20Concrete%20Performance%20Concept | According to the Equivalent Concrete Performance Concept a concrete composition, deviating from the EN 206-1, can still be accepted, provided that certain conditions are fulfilled.
Conditions
A concrete composition not composed by the standard EN 206–1, can be acknowledged, only if the new concrete shows a performanc... | Equivalent Concrete Performance Concept | Engineering | 538 |
62,474,444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FACOM%20128 | The FACOM 128 was a relay-based electromechanical computer built by Fujitsu. Two models were made, namely the FACOM 128A, built in 1956, and the FACOM 128B, built in 1959. , a fully working FACOM 128B is still in working order, maintained by Fujitsu staff at a facility in Numazu in Shizuoka Prefecture.
The FACOM 128B ... | FACOM 128 | Technology | 113 |
27,900,214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramolecular%20Heck%20reaction | The intramolecular Heck reaction (IMHR) in chemistry is the coupling of an aryl or alkenyl halide with an alkene in the same molecule. The reaction may be used to produce carbocyclic or heterocyclic organic compounds with a variety of ring sizes. Chiral palladium complexes can be used to synthesize chiral intramolecula... | Intramolecular Heck reaction | Chemistry | 2,544 |
153,209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air-augmented%20rocket | Air-augmented rockets use the supersonic exhaust of some kind of rocket engine to further compress air collected by ram effect during flight to use as additional working mass, leading to greater effective thrust for any given amount of fuel than either the rocket or a ramjet alone.
It represents a hybrid class of rock... | Air-augmented rocket | Engineering | 1,311 |
549,445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Completeness%20%28order%20theory%29 | In the mathematical area of order theory, completeness properties assert the existence of certain infima or suprema of a given partially ordered set (poset). The most familiar example is the completeness of the real numbers. A special use of the term refers to complete partial orders or complete lattices. However, many... | Completeness (order theory) | Mathematics | 2,541 |
3,173,552 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18-Crown-6 | 18-Crown-6 is an organic compound with the formula [C2H4O]6 and the IUPAC name of 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane. It is a white, hygroscopic crystalline solid with a low melting point. Like other crown ethers, 18-crown-6 functions as a ligand for some metal cations with a particular affinity for potassium catio... | 18-Crown-6 | Chemistry | 964 |
27,115,797 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory%20of%20regions | The Theory of regions is an approach for synthesizing a Petri net from a transition system. As such, it aims at recovering concurrent, independent behavior from transitions between global states. Theory of regions handles elementary net systems as well as P/T nets and other kinds of nets. An important point is that the... | Theory of regions | Mathematics,Technology | 157 |
45,223,566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonometer | A phonometer is an instrument invented by Thomas Edison for testing the force of the human voice in speaking. It consists chiefly of a mouthpiece and diaphragm. Behind the diaphragm is placed a delicate mechanism which operates a 15-inch flywheel by means of which a hole can be bored in an ordinary pine board.
Refere... | Phonometer | Technology,Engineering | 80 |
10,323,760 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persephin | Persephin is a neurotrophic factor in the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family. Persephin shares around a 40% similarity in amino acid sequence compared to GDNF and neurturin, two members of the GDNF family.
Function
Persephin has been found to be less potent than other members of the GDNF famil... | Persephin | Chemistry,Biology | 409 |
54,389,578 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%944-Abiraterone | Δ4-Abiraterone (D4A; code name CB-7627), also known as 17-(3-pyridyl)androsta-4,16-dien-3-one, is a steroidogenesis inhibitor and active metabolite of abiraterone acetate, a drug which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer and is itself a prodrug of abiraterone (another active metabolite of abiraterone acetate). ... | Δ4-Abiraterone | Chemistry | 442 |
8,146,982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoproteus | Thermoproteus is a genus of archaeans in the family Thermoproteaceae. These prokaryotes are thermophilic sulphur-dependent organisms related to the genera Sulfolobus, Pyrodictium and Desulfurococcus. They are hydrogen-sulphur autotrophs and can grow at temperatures of up to 95 °C.
Description and significance
Thermopr... | Thermoproteus | Biology | 615 |
21,723 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear%20optics | Nonlinear optics (NLO) is the branch of optics that describes the behaviour of light in nonlinear media, that is, media in which the polarization density P responds non-linearly to the electric field E of the light. The non-linearity is typically observed only at very high light intensities (when the electric field of ... | Nonlinear optics | Physics,Chemistry | 5,528 |
72,826,846 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen-bonded%20organic%20framework | Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are a class of porous polymers formed by hydrogen bonds among molecular monomer units to afford porosity and structural flexibility. There are diverse hydrogen bonding pair choices that could be used in HOFs construction, including identical or nonidentical hydrogen bonding don... | Hydrogen-bonded organic framework | Chemistry,Materials_science | 2,175 |
41,043,655 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandium%20bromide | Scandium bromide, or ScBr3, is a trihalide, hygroscopic, water-soluble chemical compound of scandium and bromine.
Preparation and properties
ScBr3 is produced through the burning of scandium in bromine gas.
2 Sc(s) + 3 Br2(g) → 2 ScBr3(s)
Scandium bromide can also be prepared by reacting excess hydrobromic acid wit... | Scandium bromide | Chemistry | 268 |
61,906,365 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Librem%205 | The Librem 5 is a smartphone manufactured by Purism that is part of their Librem line of products. The phone is designed with the goal of using free software whenever possible and includes PureOS, a Linux operating system, by default. Like other Librem products, the Librem 5 focuses on privacy and freedom and includes ... | Librem 5 | Technology,Engineering | 2,387 |
1,187,923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eqn%20%28software%29 | Part of the troff suite of Unix document layout tools, eqn is a preprocessor that formats equations for printing. A similar program, neqn, accepted the same input as eqn, but produced output tuned to look better in nroff. The eqn program was created in 1974 by Brian Kernighan and Lorinda Cherry.
It was implemented usi... | Eqn (software) | Mathematics,Technology | 365 |
13,885,084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Souza%20%28programmer%29 | Bruno Souza is a Brazilian Java programmer and open source software advocate. He was President of SouJava, a Brazilian Java User Group he helped establish which became the world's largest.
He was one of the initiators of the Apache Harmony project to create a non-proprietary Java virtual machine. He's known as the ... | Bruno Souza (programmer) | Technology | 172 |
3,172,978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasterwork | Plasterwork is construction or ornamentation done with plaster, such as a layer of plaster on an interior or exterior wall structure, or plaster decorative moldings on ceilings or walls. This is also sometimes called pargeting. The process of creating plasterwork, called plastering or rendering, has been used in build... | Plasterwork | Chemistry,Technology,Engineering | 12,385 |
48,689,724 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine%20tower%20of%20Biccari | Byzantine tower of Biccari is a building located in city center of Biccari, a city in Province of Foggia in Italy.
External links
Byzantine tower of Biccari on Biccari official web site.
Towers_in_Italy
Byzantine military architecture
Byzantine Italy | Byzantine tower of Biccari | Engineering | 56 |
2,796,079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical%20enclosure | An electrical enclosure is a cabinet for electrical or electronic equipment to mount switches, knobs and displays and to prevent electrical shock to equipment users and protect the contents from the environment. The enclosure is the only part of the equipment which is seen by users. It may be designed not only for its ... | Electrical enclosure | Engineering | 923 |
10,767,533 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Engineering | The Journal of Environmental Engineering is a monthly engineering journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers.
The main editor is Dionysios D. Dionysiou of University of Cincinnati.
The journal presents broad interdisciplinary information on the practice and status of research in environmental engine... | Journal of Environmental Engineering | Chemistry,Engineering,Environmental_science | 274 |
5,351,858 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/En%20%28Lie%20algebra%29 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:En (Lie algebra)}}
In mathematics, especially in Lie theory, En is the Kac–Moody algebra whose Dynkin diagram is a bifurcating graph with three branches of length 1, 2 and k, with .
In some older books and papers, E2 and E4 are used as names for G2 and F4.
Finite-dimensional Lie algebras
The En group... | En (Lie algebra) | Mathematics | 754 |
14,925,881 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror%20TV | A mirror TV or TV mirror is a television that can change into a mirror. Mirror TVs are often used to save space or hide electronics in bathrooms, bedrooms and living rooms. Mirror TVs can be integrated into interior designs, including in smart homes, hotels, offices, gyms, and spas.
A mirror TV consists of special sem... | Mirror TV | Technology | 275 |
17,419,031 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20observatory%20software | The following is a list of astronomical observatory software.
Commercial software
MaximDL
Non-commercial software
See also
Space flight simulation game
List of space flight simulation games
Planetarium software
observatory software | List of observatory software | Astronomy,Technology | 37 |
625,653 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4%20%28computer%20language%29 | m4 is a general-purpose macro processor included in most Unix-like operating systems, and is a component of the POSIX standard.
The language was designed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie for the original versions of UNIX. It is an extension of an earlier macro processor, m3, written by Ritchie for an unknown AP-3... | M4 (computer language) | Technology | 1,356 |
33,712,034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troglocyclocheilus | Troglocyclocheilus is a monospecific genus of freshwater, troglobitic ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the carps, barbs and allied fishes. The only species in the genus Troglocyclocheilus khammouanensis which is known only from a single specimen, the holotype, collected from the resurgence of the Nam... | Troglocyclocheilus | Biology | 165 |
10,311,578 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davisson%E2%80%93Germer%20Prize | The Davisson–Germer Prize in Atomic or Surface Physics is an annual prize that has been awarded by the American Physical Society since 1965. The recipient is chosen for "outstanding work in atomic physics or surface physics". The prize is named after Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer, who first measured electron diffr... | Davisson–Germer Prize | Physics,Chemistry,Materials_science | 390 |
43,208,825 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20World%27s%20Largest%20Lobster | The World's Largest Lobster () is a concrete and reinforced steel sculpture in Shediac, New Brunswick, Canada sculpted by Canadian artist Winston Bronnum. Despite being known by its name The World's Largest Lobster, it is not actually the largest lobster sculpture.
Description
The sculpture is 11 metres long and 5 met... | The World's Largest Lobster | Physics,Mathematics | 240 |
17,504,215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disiamylborane | Disiamylborane (bis(1,2-dimethylpropyl)borane) is an organoborane with the formula (abbreviation: Sia2BH). It is a colorless waxy solid that is used in organic synthesis for hydroboration–oxidation reactions. Like most dialkyl boron hydrides, it has a dimeric structure with bridging hydrides.
Reactions
Disiamylbora... | Disiamylborane | Chemistry | 365 |
4,118,330 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/138P/Shoemaker%E2%80%93Levy | 138P/Shoemaker–Levy, also known as Shoemaker–Levy 7, is a faint periodic comet in the Solar System. The comet last came to perihelion on 11 June 2012, but only brightened to about apparent magnitude 20.5.
There were 4 recovery images of 138P on 8 August 2018 by Pan-STARRS when the comet had a magnitude of about 21.5. ... | 138P/Shoemaker–Levy | Astronomy | 191 |
5,864,308 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugandan%20space%20initiatives | The development of Ugandan space initiatives has been largely shaped by that country's position on the equator. Its history is marked by an early involvement in issues of space law, and in 2022 by the launch of its first satellite, PearlAfricaSat-1.
Conditions
As one of only a handful of equatorial states, Uganda is ... | Ugandan space initiatives | Engineering | 1,306 |
794,163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annualized%20failure%20rate | Annualized failure rate (AFR) gives the estimated probability that a device or component will fail during a full year of use. It is a relation between the mean time between failure (MTBF) and the hours that a number of devices are run per year. AFR is estimated from a sample of like components—AFR and MTBF as given by... | Annualized failure rate | Technology,Engineering | 424 |
26,059,406 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTK%20Forensics | PTK Forensics (PTK) was a non-free, commercial GUI for old versions of the digital forensics tool The Sleuth Kit (TSK). It also includes a number of other software modules for investigating digital media. The software is not developed anymore.
PTK runs as a GUI interface for The Sleuth Kit, acquiring and indexing digi... | PTK Forensics | Engineering | 143 |
2,407,197 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded%20C%2B%2B | Embedded C++ (EC++) is a dialect of the C++ programming language for embedded systems. It was defined by an industry group led by major Japanese central processing unit (CPU) manufacturers, including NEC, Hitachi, Fujitsu, and Toshiba, to address the shortcomings of C++ for embedded applications. The goal of the effort... | Embedded C++ | Technology,Engineering | 565 |
48,547,304 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%20124 | NGC 124 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered by Truman Henry Safford on September 23, 1867. The galaxy was described as "very faint, large, diffuse, 2 faint stars to northwest" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue.
The 17th magnitude supernova SN 2004dd was d... | NGC 124 | Astronomy | 113 |
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