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Table A.6 Critical Values for Chi-Squared Distributions
x7 density curve
Shaded area = @
i
0
z fe Rey
v 995 99 975 95 90 10 05 025 01 005
1 | 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.016 2706 3.843 5.025 6637 7.882
2 0.010 0.020 0.051 0.103 0.211 4.605 5.992 7.378 9.210 10.597
3 0.072 0.115 0.216 0.352 0.584 6.251 7.815 9.348 11.344 12.837
4 0.207 0.297 0.484 0711 1.064 7.179 9.488 11.143 13.277 14.860
5 0.412 0.554 0.831 1.145 1.610 9.236 11.070 12.832 15.085 16.748
6 0.676 0.872 1.237 1.635 2.204 10.645 12.592 14.440 16.812 18.548
7 0.989 1.239 1.690 2.167 2.833 12.017 14.067 16.012 18.474 20.276
8 1.344 1.646 2.180 2.733 3.490 13.362 15.507 17.534 20.090 21.954
9] 1.735 2088 2700 3.325 4.168 14.684 16.919 19.022 21.665 23.587
10 | 2156 2558 3.247 3.940 4865 15.987 18.307 20.483 23.209 25.188
11 | 2.603 3.053 3.816 © 4.575 5.578—«:17.275 19.675 21.920 24.724 26.755
12 | 3.074 3571 4404 5.226 = 6.304. 18.549 21.026 23.337 26.217 28.300
13 3.565 4.107 5.009 5.892 7.041 19.812 22.362 24.735. .27.687 29.817
14 4.075 4.660 5.629 6.571 7.790 21.064 =. 23.685 26.119 29.141 31.319
15 4.600 5.229 6.262 7.261 8.547 22.307. = 24.996 27.488 = 30.577 32.799
16 5.142 5.812 6.908 7.962 9.312 23.542 26.296 28.845 32.000 34.267
17 5.697 6.407 7.564 8.682 10.085 24.769. 27.587 30.190 33.408 = 35.716
18 6.265 7.015 8.231 9.390 10.865 25.989 28.869 = 31.526 = 34.805 37.156
19 6.843 7.632 8.906 10.117 11.651 27.203 = 30.143, 32.852 36.190 38.580
20 7.434 8.260 9.591 10.851 12443 28412 31.410 =. 34.170 337.566 = 39.997
21 | 8033 8897 10.283 11.591 13.240 29.615 32.670 35.478 38.930 41.399
22 | 8643 9.542 10.982 12338 14.042 30.813 33.924 36.781 40.289 42.796
23 | 9.260 10.195 11.688 13.090 14.848 32.007 35.172 38.075 41.637 44.179
24 9.886 10.856 12.401 13.848 15.659 33.196 36.415 39.364 = 42.980 45.558
25 10.519 11.523 13.120 14.611 16.473 34.381 37.652 40.646 = 44.313 46.925
26 11.160 12.198 13.844 15.379 17.292 35.563 38.885 41.923 45.642 48.290
27 11.807 12.878 14.573 16.151 18.114 36.741 40.113 43.194 46.962 49.642
28 12.461 13.565 15.308 16.928 18.939 37.916 41.337. 44.461 48.278 50.993
29 13.120 14.256 16.047 17.708 19.768 39.087 42.557 45.772, 49.586 = 52.333
30 13.787 14.954 16.791 18.493 20.599 40.256 §=— 43.773 46.979» 550.892. 53.672
31 | 14.457 15.655 17.538 19.280 21.433 41.422 44.985 48.231 52.190 55.000
32 | 15.134 16.362 18.291 20.072 22.271 42.585 46.194 49.480 53.486 56.328
33 | 15.814 17.073 19.046 20.866 23.110 43.745 47.400 50.724 54.774 57.646
34 | 16.501 17.789 19.806 21.664 23.952 44.903 48.602 51.966 56.061 58.964
35 17.191 18.508 20.569 22.465 24.796 = 46.059 49.802 53.203 57.340 ~—-60.272
36 17.887 19.233 21.336 = 23.269 25.643. 47.212, 50.998 54.437 58.619 61.581
37 18.584 19.960 22.105 24.075 26.492 48.363. 52.192 55.667 59.891 62.880
38 19.289 20.691 22.878 24.884 27.343 49.513 53.384 = 56.896 = 61.162 64,181
39 19.994 21.425 23.654 25.695 28.196 = 50.660) 54.572 58.119 62.426 65.473
40 | 20.706 22.164 24.433 26.509 29.050 51.805 55.758 59.342 63.691 66.766
2 2 2
For v > 40, x2, ~ eA
--- Trang 810 ---
Appendix Tables 797
Table A.7_ t Curve Tail Areas
density cy Area to the
0 t
1
Av 10203 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 13 4 15 16 17 18
0.0 | .500 .500 500 .500 .500 .500 .500 .500 .500 500 .500 500 .500 .500 .500 .500 .500 .500
0.1 | 468 465 463 463 462. 462 462 461 461 461 461 461 461 461 461 461 .461 461
0.2 | .437 430 427 426 425 424 424 423 423 423 423 422 422 422 422 422 422 422
0.3 | .407 .396 .392 390 .388 .387 386 .386 386 385 385 385 384 384 384 384 384 384
0.4 | .379 364 358 355 .353 .352 351 .350 349 349 348 348 348 347 347 347 347 347
O5 | .352 333 .326 322 .319 317 316 315 315 .314 313 .313 313 .312 312 312 .312 .312
0.6 | .328 305 .295 .290 .287 .285 .284 .283 .282 .281 .280 .280 .279 .279 .279 .278 .278 .278
0.7 | .306 .278 .267 .261 .258 .255 253 .252 251 .250 .249 .249 248 .247 247 .247 .247 .246
0.8 | 285 .254 241 234 .230 .227 225 223 222 221 .220 220 219 .218 218 .218 217 .217
0.9 | .267 .232 .217 .210 .205 .201 .199 .197 .196 .195 .194 .193 .192 .191 .191 .191 .190 .190
1.0 | .250 211 .196 187 .182 .178 .175 .173 .172 .170 .169 .169 .168 .167 .167 .166 .166 .165
11 | 235 193 .176 167 .162 .157 154 .152 150 .149 147 146 146 .144 144 144 143.143
1.2 | 221 177 .158 .148 142 138 135.132 .130 .129 128 .127 .126 .124 .124 1124 .123 123
13 | .209 162 .142 132 125 121 117 115 113 111 .110 .109 108 .107 .107 .106 .105 .105
1.4 | .197 148 .128 .117 .110 .106 .102 .100 .098 .096 .095 .093 .092 .091 .091 .090 .090 .089
1.5 | .187 .136 .115 .104 .097 .092 .089 .086 .084 .082 .081 .080 .079 .077 .077 .077 .076 .075
1.6 | 178 .125 .104 .092 .085 .080 .077 .074 .072 .070 .069 .068 .067 .065 .065 .065 .064 .064
1.7 | .169 .116 .094 .082 .075 .070 .065 .064 .062 .060 .059 .057 .056 .055 .055 .054 .054 .053
1.8 | .161 .107 .085 .073 .066 .061 .057 .055 .053 .051 .050 .049 .048 .046 .046 .045 .045 .044
1.9 | .154 099 .077 065 .058 .053 .050 .047 .045 043 .042 041 .040 038 .038 .038 .037 .037
2.0 | .148 .092 .070 .058 .051 .046 .043 .040 .038 .037 .035 .034 .033 .032 .032 .031 .031 .030
21 | .141 085 .063 .052 .045 .040 .037 .034 .033 .031 .030 .029 028 .027 027 .026 .025 .025
2.2 | .136 .079 .058 .046 .040 .035 .032 .029 .028 .026 .025 .024 .023 .022 .022 .021 .021 .021
2.3 | .131 .074 .052 .041 .035 .031 .027 .025 .023 .022 .021 .020 .019 .018 .018 .018 .017 .017
2.4 | .126 .069 .048 .037 .031 .027 024 .022 .020 019 .018 .017 .016 015 .015 .014 .014 .014
2.5 | .121 .065 .044 .033 .027 .023 .020 .018 .017 .016 015 .014 .013 .012 .012 012 .O11 .011
2.6 | .117 .061 .040 .030 .024 .020 .018 .016 .014 .013 .012 .012 .011 .010 .010 .010 .009 .009
2.7 | .113 .057 .037 .027 .021 .018 .015 .014 .012 .011 .010 .010 .009 .008 .008 .008 .008 .007
2.8 | .109 .054 .034 024 .019 .016 .013 .012 .010 .009 .009 .008 .008 .007 .007 .006 .006 .006