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... | context-430_22_2.mp3 | context-430_22.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | "We know how to delay," remarked Minority Leader Gephardt Dilatory motions to adjourn, appeals of the presiding officer's ruling, or numerous requests for roll call votes are standard time-consuming parliamentary tactics. | "We know how to delay," remarked Minority Leader Gephardt Dilatory motions to adjourn, appeals of the presiding officer's ruling, or numerous requests for roll call votes are standard time-consuming parliamentary tactics. | question-430_22_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | How can obstruction be employed? |
57323be20fdd8d15006c686b | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | A look at one minority leadership strategy—partisan opposition—may suggest why it might be employed in specific circumstances. The purposes of obstruction are several, such as frustrating the majority party's ability to govern or attracting press and media attention to the alleged ineffectiveness of the majority party.... | Is it safe to employ negative strategy? | {
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"te... | context-430_22_4.mp3 | context-430_22.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | To be sure, the minority leader recognizes that "going negative" carries risks and may not be a winning strategy if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public. | To be sure, the minority leader recognizes that "going negative" carries risks and may not be a winning strategy if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public. | question-430_22_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Kevin | Is it safe to employ negative strategy? |
57323be20fdd8d15006c686c | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | A look at one minority leadership strategy—partisan opposition—may suggest why it might be employed in specific circumstances. The purposes of obstruction are several, such as frustrating the majority party's ability to govern or attracting press and media attention to the alleged ineffectiveness of the majority party.... | What may be a risk negative tactic? | {
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... | context-430_22_4.mp3 | context-430_22.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | To be sure, the minority leader recognizes that "going negative" carries risks and may not be a winning strategy if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public. | To be sure, the minority leader recognizes that "going negative" carries risks and may not be a winning strategy if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public. | question-430_22_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | What may be a risk negative tactic? |
57323f88e99e3014001e65c6 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | Promote and Publicize the Party's Agenda. An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. Despite the minority lead... | What important aim of minority leader pertaining to elections? | {
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"tex... | context-430_23_1.mp3 | context-430_23.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. | An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. | question-430_23_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | What important aim of minority leader pertaining to elections? |
57323f88e99e3014001e65c7 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | Promote and Publicize the Party's Agenda. An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. Despite the minority lead... | How can a minority leader attempt to set some agenda for house? | {
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"te... | context-430_23_3.mp3 | context-430_23.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | For example, the minority leader may employ, or threaten to use, discharge petitions to try and bring minority priorities to the floor. | For example, the minority leader may employ, or threaten to use, discharge petitions to try and bring minority priorities to the floor. | question-430_23_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Kevin | How can a minority leader attempt to set some agenda for house? |
57323f88e99e3014001e65c8 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | Promote and Publicize the Party's Agenda. An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. Despite the minority lead... | How many signatures are required on a discharge pertition? | {
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"t... | context-430_23_4.mp3 | context-430_23.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | If he or she is able to attract the required 218 signatures on a discharge petition by attracting majority party supporters, he or she can force minority initiatives to the floor over the opposition of the majority leadership. | If he or she is able to attract the required two hundred eighteen signatures on a discharge petition by attracting majority party supporters, he or she can force minority initiatives to the floor over the opposition of the majority leadership. | question-430_23_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Kevin | How many signatures are required on a discharge pertition? |
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... | context-430_23_1.mp3 | context-430_23.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. | An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. | question-430_23_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | What non party affiliated voters are critical for party to attract in elections? |
573243720fdd8d15006c68a1 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | Minority leaders may engage in numerous activities to publicize their party's priorities and to criticize the opposition's. For instance, to keep their party colleagues "on message," they insure that partisan colleagues are sent packets of suggested press releases or "talking points" for constituent meetings in their d... | How do minority leaders keep party priorities publicized? | {
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5732454e0fdd8d15006c68b1 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | House minority leaders also hold joint news conferences and consult with their counterparts in the Senate—and with the president if their party controls the White House. The overall objectives are to develop a coordinated communications strategy, to share ideas and information, and to present a united front on issues. ... | With whom does minority leader consult and participate in news conference? | {
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"counterparts in... | context-430_25_0.mp3 | context-430_25.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | House minority leaders also hold joint news conferences and consult with their counterparts in the Senate—and with the president if their party controls the White House. | House minority leaders also hold joint news conferences and consult with their counterparts in the Senate--and with the president if their party controls the White House. | question-430_25_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | With whom does minority leader consult and participate in news conference? |
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"... | context-430_25_2.mp3 | context-430_25.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | Minority leaders also make floor speeches and close debate on major issues before the House; they deliver addresses in diverse forums across the country; and they write books or articles that highlight minority party goals and achievements. | Minority leaders also make floor speeches and close debate on major issues before the House; they deliver addresses in diverse forums across the country; and they write books or articles that highlight minority party goals and achievements. | question-430_25_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Kevin | What speaking obligations does minority leader have? |
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... | context-430_25_2.mp3 | context-430_25.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | Minority leaders also make floor speeches and close debate on major issues before the House; they deliver addresses in diverse forums across the country; and they write books or articles that highlight minority party goals and achievements. | Minority leaders also make floor speeches and close debate on major issues before the House; they deliver addresses in diverse forums across the country; and they write books or articles that highlight minority party goals and achievements. | question-430_25_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | What are the purpose of minority leader writings? |
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"t... | context-430_26_4.mp3 | context-430_26.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | When Robert Michel, R-IL, was minority leader (1981–1995), he typically functioned as the "point man" for Republican presidents. | When Robert Michel, R-IL, was minority leader (nineteen eighty-one-nineteen ninety-five), he typically functioned as the "point man" for Republican presidents. | question-430_26_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | What was Robert Michel's role as minority leader? |
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573248f40fdd8d15006c68ff | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | When the White House is controlled by the House majority party, then the House minority leader assumes a larger role in formulating alternatives to executive branch initiatives and in acting as a national spokesperson for his or her party. "As Minority Leader during [President Lyndon Johnson's] Democratic administratio... | What is the difference in role for Minority leader when majority party holds white house? | {
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57324a7be17f3d14004227eb | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | "We used a technique of laying our program out in general debate," he said. When we got to the amendment phase, we would offer our program as a substitute for the Johnson proposal. If we lost in the Committee of the Whole, then we would usually offer it as a motion to recommit and get a vote on that. And if we lost on ... | What options do minority party have in amendment phase? | {
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57324d51b9d445190005e9f5 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | The Chief Deputy Whip is the primary assistant to the whip, who is the chief vote counter for his or her party. The current chief deputy majority whip is Republican Patrick McHenry. Within the House Republican Conference, the chief deputy whip is the highest appointed position and often a launching pad for future posit... | Who is the chief vote counter for party? | {
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57324d51b9d445190005e9f6 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | The Chief Deputy Whip is the primary assistant to the whip, who is the chief vote counter for his or her party. The current chief deputy majority whip is Republican Patrick McHenry. Within the House Republican Conference, the chief deputy whip is the highest appointed position and often a launching pad for future posit... | Who holds the highest appointed Republican position in House? | {
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57324d51b9d445190005e9f7 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | The Chief Deputy Whip is the primary assistant to the whip, who is the chief vote counter for his or her party. The current chief deputy majority whip is Republican Patrick McHenry. Within the House Republican Conference, the chief deputy whip is the highest appointed position and often a launching pad for future posit... | Who is the leader of chief deputy whips in democratic conference? | {
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57324d51b9d445190005e9f8 | Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | The Chief Deputy Whip is the primary assistant to the whip, who is the chief vote counter for his or her party. The current chief deputy majority whip is Republican Patrick McHenry. Within the House Republican Conference, the chief deputy whip is the highest appointed position and often a launching pad for future posit... | How long has democratic leader of whips held position? | {
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5731f53ce17f3d1400422581 | Armenians | Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. There is a wide-ranging diaspora of around 5 million people of full or partial Armenian ancestry living outside of modern Armenia. The largest Armenian populations today exist in Russia, the United States, France... | Where do Armenians mostly live besides Armenia? | {
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5731f53ce17f3d1400422583 | Armenians | Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. There is a wide-ranging diaspora of around 5 million people of full or partial Armenian ancestry living outside of modern Armenia. The largest Armenian populations today exist in Russia, the United States, France... | Where do most emigrant Armenians live? | {
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5731f53ce17f3d1400422584 | Armenians | Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. There is a wide-ranging diaspora of around 5 million people of full or partial Armenian ancestry living outside of modern Armenia. The largest Armenian populations today exist in Russia, the United States, France... | Why did many Armenians leave Armenia? | {
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"t... | context-431_0_3.mp3 | context-431_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | With the exceptions of Iran and the former Soviet states, the present-day Armenian diaspora was formed mainly as a result of the Armenian Genocide. | With the exceptions of Iran and the former Soviet states, the present-day Armenian diaspora was formed mainly as a result of the Armenian Genocide. | question-431_0_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | Why did many Armenians leave Armenia? |
5731f63a0fdd8d15006c6693 | Armenians | Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia... | How long ago has the term 'Armenia' been used? | {
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5731f63a0fdd8d15006c6694 | Armenians | Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia... | What is the earliest known use of 'Armenians'? | {
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5731f63a0fdd8d15006c6695 | Armenians | Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia... | Who wrote the earliest known use of 'Armenians'? | {
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5731f63a0fdd8d15006c6696 | Armenians | Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia... | Who described Armenian life in 401 BC? | {
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"te... | context-431_1_4.mp3 | context-431_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians. | Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around four hundred one BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians. | question-431_1_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | Who described Armenian life in four hundred one BC? |
5731f63a0fdd8d15006c6697 | Armenians | Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia... | What did Xenophon say Armenian language sounded like? | {
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5731f6af0fdd8d15006c669d | Armenians | The Armenian Highland lies in the highlands surrounding Mount Ararat, the highest peak of the region. In the Bronze Age, several states flourished in the area of Greater Armenia, including the Hittite Empire (at the height of its power), Mitanni (South-Western historical Armenia), and Hayasa-Azzi (1600–1200 BC). Soon a... | What mountain does Armenia surround? | {
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5731f6af0fdd8d15006c669e | Armenians | The Armenian Highland lies in the highlands surrounding Mount Ararat, the highest peak of the region. In the Bronze Age, several states flourished in the area of Greater Armenia, including the Hittite Empire (at the height of its power), Mitanni (South-Western historical Armenia), and Hayasa-Azzi (1600–1200 BC). Soon a... | What era was the Hittite Empire in? | {
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5731f6af0fdd8d15006c669f | Armenians | The Armenian Highland lies in the highlands surrounding Mount Ararat, the highest peak of the region. In the Bronze Age, several states flourished in the area of Greater Armenia, including the Hittite Empire (at the height of its power), Mitanni (South-Western historical Armenia), and Hayasa-Azzi (1600–1200 BC). Soon a... | When did the Hayasa-Azzi rule? | {
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5731f6af0fdd8d15006c66a1 | Armenians | The Armenian Highland lies in the highlands surrounding Mount Ararat, the highest peak of the region. In the Bronze Age, several states flourished in the area of Greater Armenia, including the Hittite Empire (at the height of its power), Mitanni (South-Western historical Armenia), and Hayasa-Azzi (1600–1200 BC). Soon a... | When did the Nairi rule? | {
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5731f6f8b9d445190005e6f0 | Armenians | Eric P. Hamp in his 2012 Indo-European family tree, groups the Armenian language along with Greek and Ancient Macedonian ("Helleno-Macedonian") in the Pontic Indo-European (also called Helleno-Armenian) subgroup. In Hamp's view the homeland of this subgroup is the northeast coast of the Black Sea and its hinterlands. H... | What subgroup does Hamp put the Armenian language in? | {
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5731f6f8b9d445190005e6f1 | Armenians | Eric P. Hamp in his 2012 Indo-European family tree, groups the Armenian language along with Greek and Ancient Macedonian ("Helleno-Macedonian") in the Pontic Indo-European (also called Helleno-Armenian) subgroup. In Hamp's view the homeland of this subgroup is the northeast coast of the Black Sea and its hinterlands. H... | Where does Hamp say the Pontic Indo-European languages originate? | {
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5731f6f8b9d445190005e6ef | Armenians | Eric P. Hamp in his 2012 Indo-European family tree, groups the Armenian language along with Greek and Ancient Macedonian ("Helleno-Macedonian") in the Pontic Indo-European (also called Helleno-Armenian) subgroup. In Hamp's view the homeland of this subgroup is the northeast coast of the Black Sea and its hinterlands. H... | What languages does Hamp say are similar to Armenian? | {
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57320a38e99e3014001e6460 | Armenians | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ... | When was Armenia established? | {
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"in the lat... | context-431_4_0.mp3 | context-431_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ... | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late sixth century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later becam... | question-431_4_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | When was Armenia established? |
57320a38e99e3014001e6461 | Armenians | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ... | What famous inscription mentioned Armenia? | {
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"the Achaemenid... | context-431_4_0.mp3 | context-431_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ... | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late sixth century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later becam... | question-431_4_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Joey | What famous inscription mentioned Armenia? |
57320a38e99e3014001e6462 | Armenians | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ... | During which dynasty was Armenia established? | {
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"Orontid dy... | context-431_4_0.mp3 | context-431_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ... | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late sixth century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later becam... | question-431_4_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | During which dynasty was Armenia established? |
57320a38e99e3014001e6463 | Armenians | The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ... | When was Armenia at its largest? | {
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"... | context-431_4_1.mp3 | context-431_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | At its zenith (95–65 BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. | At its zenith (ninety-five-sixty-five BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. | question-431_4_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Joey | When was Armenia at its largest? |
57320ae8e17f3d1400422601 | Armenians | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | What was the first country to make Christianity its official religion? | {
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"The Arsacid Kingdo... | context-431_5_0.mp3 | context-431_5.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | question-431_5_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | What was the first country to make Christianity its official religion? |
57320ae8e17f3d1400422602 | Armenians | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | What religion was Armenian paganism influenced by? | {
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57320ae8e17f3d1400422603 | Armenians | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | When did Armenia make Christianity its official religion? | {
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"te... | context-431_5_1.mp3 | context-431_5.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | in the early years of the 4th century, likely AD 301, partly in defiance of the Sassanids it seems. | in the early years of the fourth century, likely AD three hundred one, partly in defiance of the Sassanids it seems. | question-431_5_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Joanna | When did Armenia make Christianity its official religion? |
57320ae8e17f3d1400422604 | Armenians | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | Why did Armenia make Christianity its official religion? | {
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57320ae8e17f3d1400422605 | Armenians | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | Who invented the Armenian alphabet? | {
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"te... | context-431_5_3.mp3 | context-431_5.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | Later on, in order to further strengthen Armenian national identity, Mesrop Mashtots invented the Armenian alphabet, in 405 AD. This event ushered the Golden Age of Armenia, during which many foreign books and manuscripts were translated to Armenian by Mesrop's pupils. | Later on, in order to further strengthen Armenian national identity, Mesrop Mashtots invented the Armenian alphabet, in four hundred five AD. This event ushered the Golden Age of Armenia, during which many foreign books and manuscripts were translated to Armenian by Mesrop's pupils. | question-431_5_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Salli | Who invented the Armenian alphabet? |
573218f2e17f3d1400422685 | Armenians | In 885 AD the Armenians reestablished themselves as a sovereign kingdom under the leadership of Ashot I of the Bagratid Dynasty. A considerable portion of the Armenian nobility and peasantry fled the Byzantine occupation of Bagratid Armenia in 1045, and the subsequent invasion of the region by Seljuk Turks in 1064. The... | When did Armenia become a sovereign kingdom? | {
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573218f2e17f3d1400422686 | Armenians | In 885 AD the Armenians reestablished themselves as a sovereign kingdom under the leadership of Ashot I of the Bagratid Dynasty. A considerable portion of the Armenian nobility and peasantry fled the Byzantine occupation of Bagratid Armenia in 1045, and the subsequent invasion of the region by Seljuk Turks in 1064. The... | Under which ruler did Armenia become a sovereign kingdom? | {
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573218f2e17f3d1400422688 | Armenians | In 885 AD the Armenians reestablished themselves as a sovereign kingdom under the leadership of Ashot I of the Bagratid Dynasty. A considerable portion of the Armenian nobility and peasantry fled the Byzantine occupation of Bagratid Armenia in 1045, and the subsequent invasion of the region by Seljuk Turks in 1064. The... | Who invaded Armenia in 1064? | {
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573218f2e17f3d1400422689 | Armenians | In 885 AD the Armenians reestablished themselves as a sovereign kingdom under the leadership of Ashot I of the Bagratid Dynasty. A considerable portion of the Armenian nobility and peasantry fled the Byzantine occupation of Bagratid Armenia in 1045, and the subsequent invasion of the region by Seljuk Turks in 1064. The... | What Turkic federations ruled Armenia? | {
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57321a1ae99e3014001e6512 | Armenians | From the early 16th century, both Western Armenia and Eastern Armenia fell under Iranian Safavid rule. Owing to the century long Turco-Iranian geo-political rivalry that would last in Western Asia, significant parts of the region were frequently fought over between the two rivalling empires. From the mid 16th century w... | When did the Russo-Persian War begin? | {
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57321a1ae99e3014001e6514 | Armenians | From the early 16th century, both Western Armenia and Eastern Armenia fell under Iranian Safavid rule. Owing to the century long Turco-Iranian geo-political rivalry that would last in Western Asia, significant parts of the region were frequently fought over between the two rivalling empires. From the mid 16th century w... | What treaty ended the Russo-Persian War? | {
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57321a1ae99e3014001e6516 | Armenians | From the early 16th century, both Western Armenia and Eastern Armenia fell under Iranian Safavid rule. Owing to the century long Turco-Iranian geo-political rivalry that would last in Western Asia, significant parts of the region were frequently fought over between the two rivalling empires. From the mid 16th century w... | When was the Peace of Amasya? | {
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57321a1ae99e3014001e6515 | Armenians | From the early 16th century, both Western Armenia and Eastern Armenia fell under Iranian Safavid rule. Owing to the century long Turco-Iranian geo-political rivalry that would last in Western Asia, significant parts of the region were frequently fought over between the two rivalling empires. From the mid 16th century w... | When did parts of Armenia under Iranian control become part of Russia? | {
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57322346b9d445190005e82d | Armenians | Governments of Republic of Turkey since that time have consistently rejected charges of genocide, typically arguing either that those Armenians who died were simply in the way of a war or that killings of Armenians were justified by their individual or collective support for the enemies of the Ottoman Empire. Passage o... | Who says they didn't kill Armenians as genocide, just because they were 'in the way of the war'? | {
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57322346b9d445190005e82e | Armenians | Governments of Republic of Turkey since that time have consistently rejected charges of genocide, typically arguing either that those Armenians who died were simply in the way of a war or that killings of Armenians were justified by their individual or collective support for the enemies of the Ottoman Empire. Passage o... | What has happened when other countries condemned Armenian genocide? | {
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57322346b9d445190005e82f | Armenians | Governments of Republic of Turkey since that time have consistently rejected charges of genocide, typically arguing either that those Armenians who died were simply in the way of a war or that killings of Armenians were justified by their individual or collective support for the enemies of the Ottoman Empire. Passage o... | Who ruled Turkey when the Armenian genocide happened? | {
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"the Ottoman ... | context-431_8_0.mp3 | context-431_8.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | Governments of Republic of Turkey since that time have consistently rejected charges of genocide, typically arguing either that those Armenians who died were simply in the way of a war or that killings of Armenians were justified by their individual or collective support for the enemies of the Ottoman Empire. | Governments of Republic of Turkey since that time have consistently rejected charges of genocide, typically arguing either that those Armenians who died were simply in the way of a war or that killings of Armenians were justified by their individual or collective support for the enemies of the Ottoman Empire. | question-431_8_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Kevin | Who ruled Turkey when the Armenian genocide happened? |
573223cce17f3d14004226b5 | Armenians | Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet U... | What was Armenia's status from 1918 to 1920? | {
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573223cce17f3d14004226b6 | Armenians | Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet U... | When did communists take over Armenia? | {
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573223cce17f3d14004226b7 | Armenians | Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet U... | Who invaded Armenia in 1920? | {
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"the Red Army... | context-431_9_1.mp3 | context-431_9.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936 to September 21, 1991). | In late nineteen twenty, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in nineteen twenty-two, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (nineteen thirty-six to September twenty-one, nineteen ninety-one). | question-431_9_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | Who invaded Armenia in nineteen twenty? |
573223cce17f3d14004226b8 | Armenians | Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet U... | What part of the USSR did Armenia join? | {
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... | context-431_9_1.mp3 | context-431_9.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936 to September 21, 1991). | In late nineteen twenty, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in nineteen twenty-two, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (nineteen thirty-six to September twenty-one, nineteen ninety-one). | question-431_9_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | What part of the USSR did Armenia join? |
573223cce17f3d14004226b9 | Armenians | Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet U... | When did Armenia leave the USSR? | {
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... | context-431_9_2.mp3 | context-431_9.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | In 1991, Armenia declared independence from the USSR and established the second Republic of Armenia. | In nineteen ninety-one, Armenia declared independence from the USSR and established the second Republic of Armenia. | question-431_9_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | When did Armenia leave the USSR? |
5732288cb9d445190005e85b | Armenians | Armenians have had a presence in the Armenian Highland for over four thousand years, since the time when Hayk, the legendary patriarch and founder of the first Armenian nation, led them to victory over Bel of Babylon. Today, with a population of 3.5 million, they not only constitute an overwhelming majority in Armenia,... | How long have Armenians lived in the highlands? | {
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5732288cb9d445190005e85d | Armenians | Armenians have had a presence in the Armenian Highland for over four thousand years, since the time when Hayk, the legendary patriarch and founder of the first Armenian nation, led them to victory over Bel of Babylon. Today, with a population of 3.5 million, they not only constitute an overwhelming majority in Armenia,... | Who did Hayk defeat? | {
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5732288cb9d445190005e85f | Armenians | Armenians have had a presence in the Armenian Highland for over four thousand years, since the time when Hayk, the legendary patriarch and founder of the first Armenian nation, led them to victory over Bel of Babylon. Today, with a population of 3.5 million, they not only constitute an overwhelming majority in Armenia,... | What does Hayastantsis mean? | {
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5732288cb9d445190005e85e | Armenians | Armenians have had a presence in the Armenian Highland for over four thousand years, since the time when Hayk, the legendary patriarch and founder of the first Armenian nation, led them to victory over Bel of Babylon. Today, with a population of 3.5 million, they not only constitute an overwhelming majority in Armenia,... | How many native Armenians are in Armenia today? | {
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57323009e17f3d14004226f5 | Armenians | Small Armenian trading and religious communities have existed outside of Armenia for centuries. For example, a community has existed for over a millennium in the Holy Land, and one of the four quarters of the walled Old City of Jerusalem has been called the Armenian Quarter. An Armenian Catholic monastic community of 3... | What is the Armenian Quarter? | {
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57323009e17f3d14004226f6 | Armenians | Small Armenian trading and religious communities have existed outside of Armenia for centuries. For example, a community has existed for over a millennium in the Holy Land, and one of the four quarters of the walled Old City of Jerusalem has been called the Armenian Quarter. An Armenian Catholic monastic community of 3... | How many people live in the Armenian monastery in or near Italy? | {
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"te... | context-431_11_2.mp3 | context-431_11.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | An Armenian Catholic monastic community of 35 founded in 1717 exists on an island near Venice, Italy. | An Armenian Catholic monastic community of thirty-five founded in seventeen seventeen exists on an island near Venice, Italy. | question-431_11_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Joanna | Where is the Italian Armenian monastery? |
57323373b9d445190005e8b3 | Armenians | Within the diasporan Armenian community, there is an unofficial classification of the different kinds of Armenians. For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). Armenians of the Diaspora are th... | What are Parskahay? | {
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"tex... | context-431_12_1.mp3 | context-431_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). | For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Parskahay), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Libananahay). | question-431_12_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Joey | What are Parskahay? |
57323373b9d445190005e8b4 | Armenians | Within the diasporan Armenian community, there is an unofficial classification of the different kinds of Armenians. For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). Armenians of the Diaspora are th... | What are Lipananahay? | {
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"t... | context-431_12_1.mp3 | context-431_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). | For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Parskahay), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Libananahay). | question-431_12_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | What are Lipananahay? |
57323373b9d445190005e8b5 | Armenians | Within the diasporan Armenian community, there is an unofficial classification of the different kinds of Armenians. For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). Armenians of the Diaspora are th... | What dialect do most Diaspora Armenians speak? | {
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"te... | context-431_12_2.mp3 | context-431_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | Armenians of the Diaspora are the primary speakers of the Western dialect of the Armenian language. | Armenians of the Diaspora are the primary speakers of the Western dialect of the Armenian language. | question-431_12_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | What dialect do most Diaspora Armenians speak? |
57323373b9d445190005e8b6 | Armenians | Within the diasporan Armenian community, there is an unofficial classification of the different kinds of Armenians. For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). Armenians of the Diaspora are th... | How similar is Western Armenian to Eastern Armenian dialect? | {
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"te... | context-431_12_3.mp3 | context-431_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | This dialect has considerable differences with Eastern Armenian, but speakers of either of the two variations can usually understand each other. | This dialect has considerable differences with Eastern Armenian, but speakers of either of the two variations can usually understand each other. | question-431_12_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | How similar is Western Armenian to Eastern Armenian dialect? |
57323373b9d445190005e8b7 | Armenians | Within the diasporan Armenian community, there is an unofficial classification of the different kinds of Armenians. For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). Armenians of the Diaspora are th... | What type of Armenian is spoken by Armenians in Iran and Russia? | {
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... | context-431_12_4.mp3 | context-431_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | Eastern Armenian in the diaspora is primarily spoken in Iran and European countries such as Ukraine, Russia, and Georgia (where they form a majority in the Samtskhe-Javakheti province). | Eastern Armenian in the diaspora is primarily spoken in Iran and European countries such as Ukraine, Russia, and Georgia (where they form a majority in the Samtskhe-Javakheti province). | question-431_12_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | What type of Armenian is spoken by Armenians in Iran and Russia? |
573234a9e17f3d1400422721 | Armenians | Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, n... | When did Armenia's church become independent? | {
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... | context-431_13_0.mp3 | context-431_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. | Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in four hundred fifty-one AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. | question-431_13_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | When did Armenia's church become independent? |
573234a9e17f3d1400422722 | Armenians | Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, n... | What is Armenia's church called? | {
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"te... | context-431_13_1.mp3 | context-431_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, not to be confused with the Eastern Orthodox communion. | Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, not to be confused with the Eastern Orthodox communion. | question-431_13_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | What is Armenia's church called? |
573234a9e17f3d1400422723 | Armenians | Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, n... | What type of Catholicism is Armenia's church part of? | {
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"te... | context-431_13_1.mp3 | context-431_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, not to be confused with the Eastern Orthodox communion. | Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, not to be confused with the Eastern Orthodox communion. | question-431_13_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | What type of Catholicism is Armenia's church part of? |
573234a9e17f3d1400422724 | Armenians | Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, n... | Where was the Armenian Catholicosate located at first? | {
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"... | context-431_13_3.mp3 | context-431_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | The original location of the Armenian Catholicosate is Echmiadzin. | The original location of the Armenian Catholicosate is Echmiadzin. | question-431_13_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Joey | Where was the Armenian Catholicosate located at first? |
573234a9e17f3d1400422725 | Armenians | Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, n... | Where did the Armenian Catholicosate move to? | {
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"te... | context-431_13_6.mp3 | context-431_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | Therefore, it eventually moved to Cilicia as the Holy See of Cilicia. | Therefore, it eventually moved to Cilicia as the Holy See of Cilicia. | question-431_13_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Joanna | Where did the Armenian Catholicosate move to? |
573237dcb9d445190005e8e5 | Armenians | The Armenians collective has, at times, constituted a Christian "island" in a mostly Muslim region. There is, however, a minority of ethnic Armenian Muslims, known as Hamshenis but many Armenians view them as a separate race, while the history of the Jews in Armenia dates back 2,000 years. The Armenian Kingdom of Cilic... | What religion is dominant in the countries surrounding Armenia? | {
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573237dcb9d445190005e8e6 | Armenians | The Armenians collective has, at times, constituted a Christian "island" in a mostly Muslim region. There is, however, a minority of ethnic Armenian Muslims, known as Hamshenis but many Armenians view them as a separate race, while the history of the Jews in Armenia dates back 2,000 years. The Armenian Kingdom of Cilic... | What are Hamshenis? | {
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573237dcb9d445190005e8e7 | Armenians | The Armenians collective has, at times, constituted a Christian "island" in a mostly Muslim region. There is, however, a minority of ethnic Armenian Muslims, known as Hamshenis but many Armenians view them as a separate race, while the history of the Jews in Armenia dates back 2,000 years. The Armenian Kingdom of Cilic... | Who became Catholicos in Etchmiadzin in 1441? | {
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"text"... | context-431_14_4.mp3 | context-431_14.mp3 | 22,050 | Joanna | In 1441, a new Catholicos was elected in Etchmiadzin in the person of Kirakos Virapetsi, while Krikor Moussapegiants preserved his title as Catholicos of Cilicia. | In fourteen forty-one, a new Catholicos was elected in Etchmiadzin in the person of Kirakos Virapetsi, while Krikor Moussapegiants preserved his title as Catholicos of Cilicia. | question-431_14_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | Who became Catholicos in Etchmiadzin in fourteen forty-one? |
573237dcb9d445190005e8e8 | Armenians | The Armenians collective has, at times, constituted a Christian "island" in a mostly Muslim region. There is, however, a minority of ethnic Armenian Muslims, known as Hamshenis but many Armenians view them as a separate race, while the history of the Jews in Armenia dates back 2,000 years. The Armenian Kingdom of Cilic... | Who remained Catholicos of Cilicia? | {
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"te... | context-431_14_4.mp3 | context-431_14.mp3 | 22,050 | Joanna | In 1441, a new Catholicos was elected in Etchmiadzin in the person of Kirakos Virapetsi, while Krikor Moussapegiants preserved his title as Catholicos of Cilicia. | In fourteen forty-one, a new Catholicos was elected in Etchmiadzin in the person of Kirakos Virapetsi, while Krikor Moussapegiants preserved his title as Catholicos of Cilicia. | question-431_14_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | Who remained Catholicos of Cilicia? |
573237dcb9d445190005e8e9 | Armenians | The Armenians collective has, at times, constituted a Christian "island" in a mostly Muslim region. There is, however, a minority of ethnic Armenian Muslims, known as Hamshenis but many Armenians view them as a separate race, while the history of the Jews in Armenia dates back 2,000 years. The Armenian Kingdom of Cilic... | How do the two Catholicosates compare? | {
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"te... | context-431_14_5.mp3 | context-431_14.mp3 | 22,050 | Joanna | Therefore, since 1441, there have been two Catholicosates in the Armenian Church with equal rights and privileges, and with their respective jurisdictions. | Therefore, since fourteen forty-one, there have been two Catholicosates in the Armenian Church with equal rights and privileges, and with their respective jurisdictions. | question-431_14_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | How do the two Catholicosates compare? |
57323937e17f3d140042273f | Armenians | While the Armenian Apostolic Church remains the most prominent church in the Armenian community throughout the world, Armenians (especially in the diaspora) subscribe to any number of other Christian denominations. These include the Armenian Catholic Church (which follows its own liturgy but recognizes the Roman Cathol... | Which Armenian church recognizes the Pope? | {
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"... | context-431_15_1.mp3 | context-431_15.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | These include the Armenian Catholic Church (which follows its own liturgy but recognizes the Roman Catholic Pope), the Armenian Evangelical Church, which started as a reformation in the Mother church but later broke away, and the Armenian Brotherhood Church, which was born in the Armenian Evangelical Church, but later ... | These include the Armenian Catholic Church (which follows its own liturgy but recognizes the Roman Catholic Pope), the Armenian Evangelical Church, which started as a reformation in the Mother church but later broke away, and the Armenian Brotherhood Church, which was born in the Armenian Evangelical Church, but later ... | question-431_15_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | Which Armenian church recognizes the Pope? |
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