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[1] Abraham J. Gitlitz Memorial Lecture: Development of a BroadSpectrum Antiviral-based Intranasal Spray as a Pandemic Preparedness Strategy. Kenneth E. Palmer, Ph.D, Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville Sc... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. 4. Little Brown, Boston, 380 pp.Aguirrezabalaga, F., Altuna, A., Borja, A., Feliu, J., GarcíaCarrascosa, A.M., Romero, A., San Vicente, C., Torres-Gómez-de-Cádiz, J.A., Uriz, M.J. Ibánez, M. (1984) Contribución al conocimiento... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Description of the condition Malaria, an infectious disease transmitted by the bite of female mosquitoes from several Anopheles species, occurs in 87 countries with ongoing transmission (WHO 2020). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that, in 2019, approximately 229 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Our expanded efforts in genomic sequencing to cover additional skipper butterfly (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) species and populations, including primary type specimens, call for taxonomic changes to restore monophyly and correct misidentifications by moving taxa between genera and proposing new names. Reconciliation betw... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Everything included in this overview is a list of facts without analyses, which makes this a purely factual overview. The circumstances of the preparation for the foundation of the Croatian Dermatovenereological Society - the Croatian Medical Association (hereafter CDS-CMA) and the journal Acta Dermatovenerologica Croa... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The NASA/ESA Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign seeks to establish whether life on Mars existed where and when environmental conditions allowed. Laboratory measurements on the returned samples are useful if what is measured is evidence of phenomena on Mars rather than of the effects of sterilization conditions. This rep... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Dibutyl phthalate is a phthalate ester with extensive use in industry in such products as plastic (PVC) piping, various varnishes and lacquers, safety glass, nail polishes, paper coatings, dental materials, pharmaceuticals, and plastic food wrap. Concomitant with this extensive worldwide use is the high potential for h... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
An erratum was issued for: Preparation of Poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate) Functionalized SiO2 Beads for Protein Purification. Throughout the article, the term "3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane" has been replaced with "3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane", and "APTES" with "APTMS". The Keywords were updated from: Poly(pentafluo... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Tetrafluoroethylene is used in the production of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon(R)) and other polymers. Tetrafluoroethylene was nominated by the National Cancer Institute for toxicity and carcinogenicity studies based on the potential for human exposure to the chemical due to the large production volume and on the lac... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
More than 60 years of biochemical and biophysical studies have accustomed us to think of proteins as highly purified entities that act in isolation, more or less freely diffusing until they find their cognate partner to bind to. While in vitro experiments that reproduce these conditions largely remain the only way to i... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
1-Amino-2,4-dibromoanthraquinone is an anthraquinone-derived vat dye, a member of a class of insoluble dyes that are impregnated into textile fibers. Five anthraquinone-derived dyes with representative and diverse structures, as well as the parent chemical, anthraquinone, were selected for NTP Toxicology and Carcinogen... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
4,4'-Thiobis(6- t -butyl- m -cresol) (TBBC) is used in the rubber and plastics industries as an antioxidant. TBBC is also used as a stabilizer in polyethylene and polyolefin packaging materials for foodstuffs. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering TBBC (99% pure) in feed to groups of mal... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Cochrane Neonatal was first established in 1993, as one of the original review groups of the Cochrane Collaboration. In fact, the origins of Cochrane Neonatal precede the establishment of the collaboration. In the 1980's, the National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit at Oxford, led by Dr. Iain Chalmers, established the "Oxf... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Coumarin is the basic structure of numerous naturally occurring compounds with important and diverse physiological activities. More than a thousand coumarin derivatives have been described, varying from simple coumarins containing alkyl and hydroxyl side chains to complex coumarins with benzoyl, furanoyl, pyranoyl, or ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an irregular heart rhythm, characterised by chaotic atrial activation, which is promoted by remodelling. Once initiated, AF can also propagate the progression of itself in the so-called ''AF begets AF''. Several lines of investigation have shown that signalling molecules, including reactive ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
C.I. Direct Blue 218 is a copper chelated dye used for cellulose, acetate, nylon, silk, wool, tissue, papers, and textile goods with a urea-formaldehyde finish. C.I. Direct Blue 218 is one of five chemicals/dyes that are part of the National Toxicology Program's Benzidine Dye Initiative, established to determine the to... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Nickel subsulfide is used in the manufacture of lithium batteries and is a major component in the refining of certain nickel ores. Nickel subsulfide was nominated as part of a class study of nickel compounds, for which there was little information on the toxic and carcinogenic effects of inhalation exposure. Male and f... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Phenolphthalein is used as a laboratory reagent and acid-base indicator and in over-the-counter laxative preparations. The National Cancer Institute nominated phenolphthalein for study because of its widespread use as a component in numerous laxative preparations and the lack of adequate testing for carcinogenicity in ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Dear Editor, The costs of antipsychotic drugs (APDs) used in the treatment of mental disorders with psychosis are mentioned in treatment guidelines (APA 2021, NICE 2014). While the American Psychiatric Association guideline states that every specialist should make decisions according to the rules and conditions of thei... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Nickel oxide (NiO) "sinters" are used in stainless steel and alloy steel production. Nickel oxide was nominated by the National Cancer Institute to the NTP for testing because exposure to this form of nickel is prevalent in the nickel industry. Increased incidences of lung and nasal sinus cancers have occurred among wo... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
If instead of the title "Prophylactic Oophorectomy: Reducing the U.S. Death Rate from Epithelial Ovarian Cancer," the title were "Drug X Reducing the U.S. Death Rate from Epithelial Ovarian Cancer," there would be great media and medical attention worldwide to such a report. Correctly so. Regrettably, there probably is... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Dear Editor, The chapter on mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders of the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) has been now finalized. Reporting of health statistics by Member States to the World Health Organization (WHO) using the new diagnost... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Cervical kyphosis is rare in the pediatric population. It may be syndromic or acquired secondary to laminectomy, neoplasia, or trauma. Regardless, this should be avoided to prevent progressive spinal deformity and neurological deficit. Long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate fusion status, spine growth, potential ins... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Epidemiological cohort studies have consistently found associations between long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution and a range of morbidity and mortality endpoints. Recent evaluations by the World Health Organization and the Global Burden of Disease study have suggested that these associations may be nonlinear and... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Nickel sulfate hexahydrate is used in nickel plating, as a mordant in dyeing and printing textiles, as a blackening agent for zinc and brass, and in the manufacture of organic nickel salts. Nickel sulfate hexahydrate was nominated by the National Cancer Institute to the NTP as part of a class study of nickel compounds ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Salicylazosulfapyridine is widely used for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It has been beneficial in the treatment of psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, and it has been used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of granulomatous colitis. Salicylazosulfapyridine was nominated for toxicity an... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Theophylline is an alkaloid found in tea (Thea sinensis) and chocolate and is structurally related to caffeine and theobromine. Theophylline is used as a pharmaceutical agent. It stimulates the heart and central nervous system, relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchi and blood vessels, and causes diuresis. The drug i... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common solid cancer affecting men worldwide. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is at present the most commonly used biomarker for PCa screening, as well as a reliable marker of disease recurrence after initial treatment. Bone metastases (BM) are present in advanced stages of the di... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
There is widespread concern over the health effects of oxidant air pollutants. The state of California and the Health Effects Institute (HEI) (a nonprofit research institute funded jointly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] and combustion engine manufacturers) nominated ozone for evaluation in long-ter... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Vaccine hesitancy is a major hurdle for stopping the COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, fear of vaccine side effects created widespread concern and paused global vaccination efforts. Many studies find that how medical risks are framed and communicated can influence individuals' perceptions and behavior, yet there is little e... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and other diseases in which edema may occur. Toxicity and carcinogenicity studies were conducted by administering triamterene (greater than 99% pure) in feed to groups of male and... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
o-Nitroanisole is used as an intermediate for the preparation of o-anisidine and in the manufacture of azo dyes. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering o-nitroanisole (>99% pure) in the diet to groups of male and female F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice for 14 days, 13 weeks, and 2 years. Gene... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Oxazepam is one of a number of benzodiazepines used therapeutically as a sedative-hypnotic and antianxiety agent. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were performed by administering oxazepam (greater than 99% pure) in feed to male and female Swiss-Webster and B6C3F1 mice for 14 weeks, 57 weeks (Swiss-Webster), or 2 y... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Oxymetholone is a synthetic anabolic steroid used to treat a variety of conditions, including hypogonadism and delayed puberty. It is also used to correct hereditary angioneurotic edema, manage carcinoma of the breast, promote a positive nitrogen balance following injury or surgery, and stimulate erythropoiesis. Consid... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Triethanolamine is widely used as an ingredient in emulsifiers, thickeners, wetting agents, detergents, and alkalinizing agents in cosmetic products; as a chemical intermediate for anionic and nonionic surfactants and surface active agents in household cleaning agents, textiles, herbicides, pharmaceutical ointments, an... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Isobutyl nitrite is used to a limited extent as an intermediate in the syntheses of aliphatic nitrites. It is also an ingredient of various incenses or room odorizers and is used as a euphoric. The chemical has also been used as a jet propellant and in the preparation of fuels. Isobutyl nitrite was nominated by the Con... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Pentachloroanisole is a chlorinated aromatic compound which is widely distributed at low levels in the environment and in food products. Formation of pentachloroanisole in the environment may result from the degradation of structurally related, commercially important, ubiquitous chlorinated aromatic compounds such as p... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Nitromethane is used as a rocket and engine fuel; as a synthesis intermediate for agricultural fumigants, biocides, and other products; as a solvent; and as an explosive in mining, oil-well drilling, and seismic exploration. It has been detected in air, in surface and drinking water, and in cigarette smoke. Nitromethan... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Tricresyl phosphate is an organophosphate plasticizer widely used in vinyl plastics and as a fire retardant additive for hydraulic fluids. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering a mixed isomer preparation of 79% tricresyl phosphate esters (consisting of 21% tri- m-cresyl phosphate, 4% tri... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
p-Nitrobenzoic acid is produced in large volumes for organic synthesis and as an intermediate in the manufacture of pesticides, dyes, and industrial solvents. Groups of male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to p-nitrobenzoic acid (>99% pure) in feed for 14 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years for toxicity a... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
3,4-Dihydrocoumarin was nominated by the Food and Drug Administration and the National Cancer Institute for study because of its widespread use as a flavoring agent in beverages, gelatins, puddings, candy, and other food items; as a fragrance in perfumes, creams, and cosmetics; and because of interest in the structure-... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
o-Benzyl-p-chlorophenol is an aryl halide biocide with widespread use in hospitals and households as a broad-spectrum germicide in disinfectant solutions and soap formulations for general cleaning and disinfecting. Human exposure to o-benzyl-p-chlorophenol occurs by absorption through the skin and mucous membranes and ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Primary Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral administration of imatinib combined with the Best Conventional Care (BCC) versus placebo plus BCC in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Addition of imatinib to the BCC will provide a superior clinical outcome for patients with COVID-19 compared with BCC p... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
An erratum was issued for: Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting. The tables in the Representative Results section were updated. The tables in the Representative Results section were updated from: Participant (n=42) Topic Rating Identification A... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Primidone is used alone or with other anticonvulsants in the control of grand mal, psychomotor, and focal epileptic seizures. It may control grand mal seizures refractory to other anticonvulsant therapy. Primidone was nominated by the National Cancer Institute for 2-year toxicology and carcinogenicity studies due to it... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Emodin is a naturally occurring anthraquinone present in the roots and bark of numerous plants of the genus Rhamnus. Extracts from the roots, bark, and/or dried leaves of buckthorn, senna, cascara, aloe, frangula, and rhubarb have been used as laxatives since ancient times and currently are widely used in the preparati... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Methyleugenol is used as a flavoring agent in jellies, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, chewing gum, candy, pudding, relish, and ice cream. It is also used as a fragrance in perfumes, creams, lotions, detergents, and soaps. Methyleugenol has also been used as an insect attractant in eradication programs and as an a... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Hypothesis The hypotheses of all the four included studies share the common idea that it is possible to augment the effect of antidepressant drug treatment by applying different interventions and with each intervention attain a clinically meaningful better effect compared to a control condition, and with minor side eff... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate is used in ophthalmic preparations and as a preanesthetic sedative. Its major use is in transdermal patches for the treatment of motion sickness. Scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate was selected for study because of considerable human exposure resulting from its use in prescription a... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Talc ore may contain several other minerals including calcite, dolomite, magnesite, tremolite, anthophyllite, antigorite, quartz, pyrophyllite, micas, or chlorites. Talc products are sold in a multitude of grades which have physical or functional characteristics especially suited for particular applications, so occupat... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
These 2 parallel studies (K031 and K032) aim to evaluate the safety of KB109 in addition to supportive self-care (SSC) compared with SSC alone in outpatients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). KB109 is a novel synthetic glycan that was formulated to modulate the gut microbiome composition and me... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is the most widely used and evaluated chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and persons seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The National Cancer Institute nominated AZT for toxicity and carcinogenicity studies... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
INTRODUCTION: It is known that the larvae of ascarids have migrating phase before they reach the intestine. Stewart (1916) reported the pulmonary migration of ascaris larvae in normal host. Beaver et al. (1952) demonstrated the ascaris larvae of animal origin from the biopsied human liver, and applied the term "viscera... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
We thank Dr Rahman Shiri (1) for his careful reading of our systematic review and meta-analysis on suicide among agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers (2). Our paper had the objective of providing a pooled effect size of suicide for this occupational group. Suicide is a crucial issue in public and occupational he... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Samples returned from Mars would be placed under quarantine at a Sample Receiving Facility (SRF) until they are considered safe to release to other laboratories for further study. The process of determining whether samples are safe for release, which may involve detailed analysis and/or sterilization, is expected to ta... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The prognosis of people with metastatic cutaneous melanoma, a skin cancer, is generally poor. Recently, new classes of drugs (e.g. immune checkpoint inhibitors and small-molecule targeted drugs) have significantly improved patient prognosis, which has drastically changed the landscape of melanoma therapeutic management... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Ethylene thiourea is a white crystalline solid used extensively in the rubber industry as an accelerator in the vulcanization of elastomers. It is also a trace contaminant and metabolic degradation product of a widely used class of ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides. Ethylene thiourea is known to produce thyroid ne... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Manganese is the 12th most abundant element in the earth's crust. The base metal does not occur naturally, but is a component of more than 100 minerals, including sulfides, oxides, carbonates, silicates, phosphates, and borates. In addition to occurring in foods and drinking water, manganese occurs in the atmosphere fr... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Furie R, Khamashta M, Merrill JT, Werth VP, Kalunian K, Brohawn P, et al. Anifrolumab, an anti-interferon-α receptor monoclonal antibody, in moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017;69:376-86. Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of anifrolumab, a type I interferon (IFN) receptor... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Integrated Care Pathways (ICPs) are management technologies which formalise multi-disciplinary team-working and enable professionals to examine and address how they articulate their respective roles, responsibilities and activities. They map out a patient's journey and aim to have: 'the right people, doing the right th... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Mercuric chloride is an inorganic compound that has been used in agriculture as a fungicide, in medicine as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant, and in chemistry as an intermediate in the production of other mercury compounds. The widespread use of mercury has resulted in increased levels of mercury in rivers and lak... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Pyridine is used as a denaturant in alcohol and anti freeze mixtures, as a solvent for paint, rubber, and polycarbonate resins, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. It is used in the production of piperidine, an intermediate in the manufacture of rubber and mepiquat chl... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Codeine is used in a variety of pharmaceuticals including analgesics, sedatives, hypnotics, antiperistaltics, and antitussive agents. The National Cancer Institute and the Food and Drug Administration nominated codeine for study because it is a widely used drug and it is representative of the morphine class of compound... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Turmeric oleoresin is the organic extract of turmeric, a ground powder from the root of the Curcuma plant, and is added to food items as a spice and coloring agent. Turmeric oleoresin, turmeric, and curcumin (the major component found in turmeric) were nominated by the National Cancer Institute and the Food and Drug Ad... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
It is currently thought that most-but not all-individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop symptoms, but the infectious period starts on average 2 days before the first overt symptoms appear. It is estimated that pre- and asymptomatic individuals are responsible for more than half of all transmissions. By detecting inf... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
C.I. Pigment Red 3, a yellowish red solid, is widely used for coloring paints, inks, plastics, and rubber, and in textile printing. It is used in a wide range of consumer items such as wallpaper, typewriter ribbons, carbon paper, and art materials. Toxicology and carcinogenicity studies were conducted by feeding groups... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Methylphenidate hydrochloride is a drug used in the treatment of narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders. This drug was nominated for study by the Food and Drug Administration and the National Cancer Institute because of its widespread use in human medicine and because of lack of data on its potential ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Nitrofurantoin was studied and evaluated because of its widespread use as a drug for treating urinary tract infections in humans, its structural relationship to known carcinogenic 5-nitrofuran compounds, and the lack of adequate studies to assess its carcinogenicity. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of nitrofurant... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The Mars Sample Return Planning Group 2 (MSPG2) was tasked with identifying the steps that encompass all the curation activities that would happen within the MSR Sample Receiving Facility (SRF) and any anticipated curation-related requirements. An area of specific interest is the necessary analytical instrumentation. T... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The Diptera genus-group names of Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart are reviewed and annotated. A total of 399 available genus-group names in 69 families of Diptera are listed alphabetically, for each name giving author, year and page of original publication, originally included species, type species and method of fixation, ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
DANSK RESUMÉ (DANISH SUMMARY): Aldersrelateret makuladegeneration (AMD) er den hyppigste årsag til uopretteligt synstab og blindhed i højindkomstlande. Det er en progredierende nethindesygdom som gradvist fører til ødelaeggelse af de celler som er ansvarlige for vores centralsyn. De tidlige stadier er ofte asymptomatis... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
An erratum was issued for: Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy as a Unique Probe for Lipid Membrane Dynamics and Membrane-Protein Interactions. The Introduction, Protocol, and Representative Results sections have been updated. In the Introduction, the fith pargraph was updated from: Besides direct access to the length and t... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common adverse effect of anaesthesia and surgery. Up to 80% of patients may be affected. These outcomes are a major cause of patient dissatisfaction and may lead to prolonged hospital stay and higher costs of care along with more severe complications. Many antiemetic drugs ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune astrocytopathy against foot processes of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels. Patients with NMOSD tend to have other coexisting autoimmune/connective tissue diseases. However, AQP-4-antibody-positive NMOSD coexisting with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is rare.... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Benzene ranks 16th in production volume for chemicals produced in the United States, with approximately 9.9 billion pounds being produced in 1984, 9.1 billion pounds in 1983, and 7.8 billion pounds in 1982. This simplest aromatic chemical in used in the synthesis of styrene (polystyrene plastics and synthetic rubber), ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Sustainable employability (SE) is an important topic as it deals with employees' abilities to function adequately at work and in the labor market throughout their working lives. However, until now there has been only one attempt to define SE in the international literature (1). This first definition is a valuable contr... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
t -Butylhydroquinone is used as an antioxidant in cosmetic products such as lipsticks, eye shadows, perfumes, blushers, and skin care preparations at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1.0%; the chemical is also used at concentrations up to 0.02% in oils, fats, and meat products to prevent rancidity, and as a polymeri... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The genus Olios Walckenaer, 1837 is revised, a generic diagnosis is given and an identification key to eight species groups is provided. Olios in its revised sense includes 87 species and is distributed in Africa, southern Europe and Asia. Three species groups are revised in this first part, an identification key to sp... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Sodium xylenesulfonate is used as a hydrotrope, an organic compound that increases the ability of water to dissolve other molecules. Sodium xylenesulfonate is a component in a variety of widely used shampoos and liquid household detergents where it can constitute up to 10% of the total solution. Because of its widespre... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Little was written in the stars above the city of Tabriz in Iran on March 15, 1938 indicating that a newborn citizen would immigrate to America and become a master of modern mo-lecular imaging with a sharp focus on <sup18</supF-FDG PET to the benefit of millions of people around the world. Nonetheless, that's what happ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
As of December, 1<supst</sup, 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2, resulted in more than 1 472 917 deaths worldwide and death toll is still increasing exponentially. Many COVID-19 infected people are asymptomatic or experience moderate symptoms and recover without medical intervention. Howeve... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
1,2,3-Trichloropropane is a colorless liquid used as a paint and varnish remover, solvent, and degreasing agent, and as a crosslinking agent in the synthesis of polysulfides and hexafluoropropylene. 1,2,3-Trichloropropane may be found as an impurity in certain nematocides and soil fumigants and as a contaminant of drin... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Because of signs of tuberculous lesions in old skeletons it can be stated with certainty that tuberculosis has occurred in the country shortly after the settlement. From that time and up to the seventeenth century, little or nothing is known about the occurrence of the disease. A few preserved descriptions of diseases ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
It is currently thought that most-but not all-individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop symptoms, but that the infectious period starts on average two days before the first overt symptoms appear. It is estimated that pre- and asymptomatic individuals are responsible for more than half of all transmissions. By detect... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
2-Butoxyethanol is a member of a family of ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers. It is used extensively as a solvent in surface coatings such as lacquers, enamels, varnishes, and latex paint; in paint thinners, paint stripping formulations, and inks; and in degreasers and industrial and household cleaners. 2-Butoxyethanol ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Bromodichloromethane is a by-product of the chlorination of drinking water. It is formed by the halogen substitution and oxidation reactions of chlorine and naturally occurring organic matter (e.g., humic or fluvic acids) in water containing bromide. Bromodichloromethane was nominated to the NTP by the United States En... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Tetralin is used as an industrial solvent primarily for naphthalene, fats, resins, oils, and waxes; as a solvent and stabilizer for shoe polishes and floor waxes; as a solvent for pesticides, rubber, asphalt, and aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., anthracene); as a dye solvent carrier in the textile industry; as a substitute... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
5,5-Diphenylhydantoin and its sodium salt are primarily used in the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor seizures, often in combination with other anticonvulsants, including phenobarbital. 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin is a suspected human carcinogen and was one of three compounds selected by the NTP to investigate the poten... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Kava beverages, made from dried roots of the shrub Piper methysticum, have been used ceremonially and socially in the South Pacific and in Europe since the 1700s. The drink is reported to have pleasant mild psychoactive effects, similar to alcoholic beverages. In the United States, kava kava is an herbal product used e... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the best available evidence related to the meaningfulness of internal and external influences on shared-decision making for adult patients and health care providers in all health care settings.The specific questions to be answered are: BACKGROUND: Patient-cente... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Gallium arsenide is used primarily to make light- emitting diodes, lasers, laser windows, and photodetectors and in the photoelectronic transmission of data through optical fibers. Gallium arsenide was nominated for study because of its widespread use in the microelectronics industry, the potential for worker exposure,... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
CHAPTER 1: RETAIL INITIATIVES TO IMPROVE THE HEALTHINESS OF FOOD ENVIRONMENTS IN RURAL, REGIONAL AND REMOTE COMMUNITIES: Objective: To synthesise the evidence for effectiveness of initiatives aimed at improving food retail environments and consumer dietary behaviour in rural, regional and remote populations in Australi... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
We are writing in regards to Armstrong et al`s recent discussion paper (1), which addresses the scientific basis of ISO standards on biomechanical risk factors and more specifically the OCRA methodology. The paper comments on the ISO's working methods, but it will be up to the ISO to respond if it sees fit to do so. As... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
A fully annotated catalog of genus- and species-group names of Neotropical Lauxaniidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) is presented, providing details of references to these names in literature, and providing additional details such as distributions, generic combinations, synonymies, misspellings and emendations, information o... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
This review asks "What is the experience and effectiveness of nurse practitioners in orthopaedic settings"?The objective of the quantitative component of this review is to synthesise the best available evidence on effectiveness of orthopaedic nurse practitioner specific care on patient outcomes and process indicators.T... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Benzyl acetate is used as a flavoring agent in foods, as a fragrance in soaps and perfumes, as a solvent for cellulose acetate and nitrate, and as a component of printing inks and varnish removers. The NTP previously studied the toxicology and carcinogenicity of this chemical in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice using the ga... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
We found that human genome coding regions annotated by computers have different kinds of many errors in public domain through homologous BLAST of our cloned genes in non-redundant (nr) database, including insertions, deletions or mutations of one base pair or a segment in sequences at the cDNA level, or different permu... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
There has been a reported rise in the number of people with chronic illness (also referred to as long-term disease) in the Western world. One hundred million people in the United States have at least one chronic condition and in the United Kingdom (UK) as many as 17.5 million adults may be living with chronic disease. ... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Diethylphthalate and dimethylphthalate are used as phthalate plasticizers, in an extensive array of products. The chronic dermal toxicity of diethylphthalate was evaluated in male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice in 2-year studies. In a series of special studies, the tumor initiation or promotion potential of die... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The present guideline (S2k) on allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) was established by the German, Austrian and Swiss professional associations for allergy in consensus with the scientific specialist societies and professional associations in the fields of otolaryngology, dermatology and venereology, pediatric and ado... | Given the following content, create a question whose answer can be found within the content. Then, provide the answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
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