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10,901
BaTFLED: Bayesian Tensor Factorization Linked to External Data
stat.ML
The vast majority of current machine learning algorithms are designed to predict single responses or a vector of responses, yet many types of response are more naturally organized as matrices or higher-order tensor objects where characteristics are shared across modes. We present a new machine learning algorithm BaTFLE...
computer science
10,902
Phase transitions in Restricted Boltzmann Machines with generic priors
cs.LG
We study Generalised Restricted Boltzmann Machines with generic priors for units and weights, interpolating between Boolean and Gaussian variables. We present a complete analysis of the replica symmetric phase diagram of these systems, which can be regarded as Generalised Hopfield models. We underline the role of the r...
computer science
10,903
Low-Rank Inducing Norms with Optimality Interpretations
math.OC
Optimization problems with rank constraints appear in many diverse fields such as control, machine learning and image analysis. Since the rank constraint is non-convex, these problems are often approximately solved via convex relaxations. Nuclear norm regularization is the prevailing convexifying technique for dealing ...
computer science
10,904
Optimal Generalized Decision Trees via Integer Programming
cs.LG
Decision trees have been a very popular class of predictive models for decades due to their interpretability and good performance on categorical features. However, they are not always robust and tend to overfit the data. Additionally, if allowed to grow large, they lose interpretability. In this paper, we present a nov...
computer science
10,905
Non-negative Factorization of the Occurrence Tensor from Financial Contracts
cs.CE
We propose an algorithm for the non-negative factorization of an occurrence tensor built from heterogeneous networks. We use l0 norm to model sparse errors over discrete values (occurrences), and use decomposed factors to model the embedded groups of nodes. An efficient splitting method is developed to optimize the non...
computer science
10,906
Noisy subspace clustering via matching pursuits
cs.LG
Sparsity-based subspace clustering algorithms have attracted significant attention thanks to their excellent performance in practical applications. A prominent example is the sparse subspace clustering (SSC) algorithm by Elhamifar and Vidal, which performs spectral clustering based on an adjacency matrix obtained by sp...
computer science
10,907
Upper Bound of Bayesian Generalization Error in Non-negative Matrix Factorization
math.ST
Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a new knowledge discovery method that is used for text mining, signal processing, bioinformatics, and consumer analysis. However, its basic property as a learning machine is not yet clarified, as it is not a regular statistical model, resulting that theoretical optimization me...
computer science
10,908
End-to-End Deep Reinforcement Learning for Lane Keeping Assist
stat.ML
Reinforcement learning is considered to be a strong AI paradigm which can be used to teach machines through interaction with the environment and learning from their mistakes, but it has not yet been successfully used for automotive applications. There has recently been a revival of interest in the topic, however, drive...
computer science
10,909
Uncovering the Dynamics of Crowdlearning and the Value of Knowledge
cs.SI
Learning from the crowd has become increasingly popular in the Web and social media. There is a wide variety of crowdlearning sites in which, on the one hand, users learn from the knowledge that other users contribute to the site, and, on the other hand, knowledge is reviewed and curated by the same users using assessm...
computer science
10,910
Efficient Distributed Semi-Supervised Learning using Stochastic Regularization over Affinity Graphs
stat.ML
We describe a computationally efficient, stochastic graph-regularization technique that can be utilized for the semi-supervised training of deep neural networks in a parallel or distributed setting. We utilize a technique, first described in [13] for the construction of mini-batches for stochastic gradient descent (SGD...
computer science
10,911
Graph-based semi-supervised learning for relational networks
cs.SI
We address the problem of semi-supervised learning in relational networks, networks in which nodes are entities and links are the relationships or interactions between them. Typically this problem is confounded with the problem of graph-based semi-supervised learning (GSSL), because both problems represent the data as ...
computer science
10,912
Optimal structure and parameter learning of Ising models
cs.LG
Reconstruction of structure and parameters of an Ising model from binary samples is a problem of practical importance in a variety of disciplines, ranging from statistical physics and computational biology to image processing and machine learning. The focus of the research community shifted towards developing universal...
computer science
10,913
Projected Semi-Stochastic Gradient Descent Method with Mini-Batch Scheme under Weak Strong Convexity Assumption
cs.LG
We propose a projected semi-stochastic gradient descent method with mini-batch for improving both the theoretical complexity and practical performance of the general stochastic gradient descent method (SGD). We are able to prove linear convergence under weak strong convexity assumption. This requires no strong convexit...
computer science
10,914
Mutual information for fitting deep nonlinear models
math.OC
Deep nonlinear models pose a challenge for fitting parameters due to lack of knowledge of the hidden layer and the potentially non-affine relation of the initial and observed layers. In the present work we investigate the use of information theoretic measures such as mutual information and Kullback-Leibler (KL) diverge...
computer science
10,915
Simple Black-Box Adversarial Perturbations for Deep Networks
cs.LG
Deep neural networks are powerful and popular learning models that achieve state-of-the-art pattern recognition performance on many computer vision, speech, and language processing tasks. However, these networks have also been shown susceptible to carefully crafted adversarial perturbations which force misclassificatio...
computer science
10,916
Enhancing Observability in Distribution Grids using Smart Meter Data
math.OC
Due to limited metering infrastructure, distribution grids are currently challenged by observability issues. On the other hand, smart meter data, including local voltage magnitudes and power injections, are communicated to the utility operator from grid buses with renewable generation and demand-response programs. This...
computer science
10,917
Robust mixture of experts modeling using the skew $t$ distribution
stat.ME
Mixture of Experts (MoE) is a popular framework in the fields of statistics and machine learning for modeling heterogeneity in data for regression, classification and clustering. MoE for continuous data are usually based on the normal distribution. However, it is known that for data with asymmetric behavior, heavy tail...
computer science
10,918
Bayesian Decision Process for Cost-Efficient Dynamic Ranking via Crowdsourcing
stat.ML
Rank aggregation based on pairwise comparisons over a set of items has a wide range of applications. Although considerable research has been devoted to the development of rank aggregation algorithms, one basic question is how to efficiently collect a large amount of high-quality pairwise comparisons for the ranking pur...
computer science
10,919
Microstructure Representation and Reconstruction of Heterogeneous Materials via Deep Belief Network for Computational Material Design
cs.LG
Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) aims to accelerate optimal design of complex material systems by integrating material science and design automation. For tractable ICME, it is required that (1) a structural feature space be identified to allow reconstruction of new designs, and (2) the reconstructi...
computer science
10,920
Robustness of Voice Conversion Techniques Under Mismatched Conditions
cs.SD
Most of the existing studies on voice conversion (VC) are conducted in acoustically matched conditions between source and target signal. However, the robustness of VC methods in presence of mismatch remains unknown. In this paper, we report a comparative analysis of different VC techniques under mismatched conditions. ...
computer science
10,921
Multi-Region Neural Representation: A novel model for decoding visual stimuli in human brains
stat.ML
Multivariate Pattern (MVP) classification holds enormous potential for decoding visual stimuli in the human brain by employing task-based fMRI data sets. There is a wide range of challenges in the MVP techniques, i.e. decreasing noise and sparsity, defining effective regions of interest (ROIs), visualizing results, and...
computer science
10,922
Provable learning of Noisy-or Networks
cs.LG
Many machine learning applications use latent variable models to explain structure in data, whereby visible variables (= coordinates of the given datapoint) are explained as a probabilistic function of some hidden variables. Finding parameters with the maximum likelihood is NP-hard even in very simple settings. In rece...
computer science
10,923
Geometric descent method for convex composite minimization
math.OC
In this paper, we extend the geometric descent method recently proposed by Bubeck, Lee and Singh to tackle nonsmooth and strongly convex composite problems. We prove that our proposed algorithm, dubbed geometric proximal gradient method (GeoPG), converges with a linear rate $(1-1/\sqrt{\kappa})$ and thus achieves the o...
computer science
10,924
The interplay between system identification and machine learning
cs.SY
Learning from examples is one of the key problems in science and engineering. It deals with function reconstruction from a finite set of direct and noisy samples. Regularization in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs) is widely used to solve this task and includes powerful estimators such as regularization network...
computer science
10,925
Symmetry, Saddle Points, and Global Optimization Landscape of Nonconvex Matrix Factorization
cs.LG
We propose a general theory for studying the \xl{landscape} of nonconvex \xl{optimization} with underlying symmetric structures \tz{for a class of machine learning problems (e.g., low-rank matrix factorization, phase retrieval, and deep linear neural networks)}. In specific, we characterize the locations of stationary ...
computer science
10,926
Counterfactual Prediction with Deep Instrumental Variables Networks
stat.AP
We are in the middle of a remarkable rise in the use and capability of artificial intelligence. Much of this growth has been fueled by the success of deep learning architectures: models that map from observables to outputs via multiple layers of latent representations. These deep learning algorithms are effective tools...
computer science
10,927
Minimax Manifold Estimation
stat.ML
We find the minimax rate of convergence in Hausdorff distance for estimating a manifold M of dimension d embedded in R^D given a noisy sample from the manifold. We assume that the manifold satisfies a smoothness condition and that the noise distribution has compact support. We show that the optimal rate of convergence ...
computer science
10,928
A generalized risk approach to path inference based on hidden Markov models
stat.ML
Motivated by the unceasing interest in hidden Markov models (HMMs), this paper re-examines hidden path inference in these models, using primarily a risk-based framework. While the most common maximum a posteriori (MAP), or Viterbi, path estimator and the minimum error, or Posterior Decoder (PD), have long been around, ...
computer science
10,929
Learning Functions of Few Arbitrary Linear Parameters in High Dimensions
math.NA
Let us assume that $f$ is a continuous function defined on the unit ball of $\mathbb R^d$, of the form $f(x) = g (A x)$, where $A$ is a $k \times d$ matrix and $g$ is a function of $k$ variables for $k \ll d$. We are given a budget $m \in \mathbb N$ of possible point evaluations $f(x_i)$, $i=1,...,m$, of $f$, which we ...
computer science
10,930
Ultrametric and Generalized Ultrametric in Computational Logic and in Data Analysis
cs.LO
Following a review of metric, ultrametric and generalized ultrametric, we review their application in data analysis. We show how they allow us to explore both geometry and topology of information, starting with measured data. Some themes are then developed based on the use of metric, ultrametric and generalized ultrame...
computer science
10,931
Structured sparsity-inducing norms through submodular functions
cs.LG
Sparse methods for supervised learning aim at finding good linear predictors from as few variables as possible, i.e., with small cardinality of their supports. This combinatorial selection problem is often turned into a convex optimization problem by replacing the cardinality function by its convex envelope (tightest c...
computer science
10,932
Entropy-Based Search Algorithm for Experimental Design
stat.ML
The scientific method relies on the iterated processes of inference and inquiry. The inference phase consists of selecting the most probable models based on the available data; whereas the inquiry phase consists of using what is known about the models to select the most relevant experiment. Optimizing inquiry involves ...
computer science
10,933
Fixed-point and coordinate descent algorithms for regularized kernel methods
cs.LG
In this paper, we study two general classes of optimization algorithms for kernel methods with convex loss function and quadratic norm regularization, and analyze their convergence. The first approach, based on fixed-point iterations, is simple to implement and analyze, and can be easily parallelized. The second, based...
computer science
10,934
Adaptive Forgetting Factor Fictitious Play
stat.ML
It is now well known that decentralised optimisation can be formulated as a potential game, and game-theoretical learning algorithms can be used to find an optimum. One of the most common learning techniques in game theory is fictitious play. However fictitious play is founded on an implicit assumption that opponents' ...
computer science
10,935
Finding Density Functionals with Machine Learning
cs.LG
Machine learning is used to approximate density functionals. For the model problem of the kinetic energy of non-interacting fermions in 1d, mean absolute errors below 1 kcal/mol on test densities similar to the training set are reached with fewer than 100 training densities. A predictor identifies if a test density is ...
computer science
10,936
High-Rank Matrix Completion and Subspace Clustering with Missing Data
cs.IT
This paper considers the problem of completing a matrix with many missing entries under the assumption that the columns of the matrix belong to a union of multiple low-rank subspaces. This generalizes the standard low-rank matrix completion problem to situations in which the matrix rank can be quite high or even full r...
computer science
10,937
High-dimensional Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation using Greedy Methods
cs.LG
In this paper we consider the task of estimating the non-zero pattern of the sparse inverse covariance matrix of a zero-mean Gaussian random vector from a set of iid samples. Note that this is also equivalent to recovering the underlying graph structure of a sparse Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF). We present two no...
computer science
10,938
Understanding the Interaction between Interests, Conversations and Friendships in Facebook
cs.SI
In this paper, we explore salient questions about user interests, conversations and friendships in the Facebook social network, using a novel latent space model that integrates several data types. A key challenge of studying Facebook's data is the wide range of data modalities such as text, network links, and categoric...
computer science
10,939
Deep Gaussian Processes
stat.ML
In this paper we introduce deep Gaussian process (GP) models. Deep GPs are a deep belief network based on Gaussian process mappings. The data is modeled as the output of a multivariate GP. The inputs to that Gaussian process are then governed by another GP. A single layer model is equivalent to a standard GP or the GP ...
computer science
10,940
Learning curves for multi-task Gaussian process regression
cs.LG
We study the average case performance of multi-task Gaussian process (GP) regression as captured in the learning curve, i.e. the average Bayes error for a chosen task versus the total number of examples $n$ for all tasks. For GP covariances that are the product of an input-dependent covariance function and a free-form ...
computer science
10,941
Partition Tree Weighting
cs.IT
This paper introduces the Partition Tree Weighting technique, an efficient meta-algorithm for piecewise stationary sources. The technique works by performing Bayesian model averaging over a large class of possible partitions of the data into locally stationary segments. It uses a prior, closely related to the Context T...
computer science
10,942
Stochastic ADMM for Nonsmooth Optimization
cs.LG
We present a stochastic setting for optimization problems with nonsmooth convex separable objective functions over linear equality constraints. To solve such problems, we propose a stochastic Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. Our algorithm applies to a more general class of nonsmooth convex ...
computer science
10,943
Discussion: Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization
math.ST
Discussion of "Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization" by Venkat Chandrasekaran, Pablo A. Parrilo and Alan S. Willsky [arXiv:1008.1290].
computer science
10,944
Discussion: Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization
math.ST
Discussion of "Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization" by Venkat Chandrasekaran, Pablo A. Parrilo and Alan S. Willsky [arXiv:1008.1290].
computer science
10,945
Discussion: Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization
math.ST
Discussion of "Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization" by Venkat Chandrasekaran, Pablo A. Parrilo and Alan S. Willsky [arXiv:1008.1290].
computer science
10,946
Discussion: Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization
math.ST
Discussion of "Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization" by Venkat Chandrasekaran, Pablo A. Parrilo and Alan S. Willsky [arXiv:1008.1290].
computer science
10,947
Rejoinder: Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization
math.ST
Rejoinder to "Latent variable graphical model selection via convex optimization" by Venkat Chandrasekaran, Pablo A. Parrilo and Alan S. Willsky [arXiv:1008.1290].
computer science
10,948
Active and passive learning of linear separators under log-concave distributions
cs.LG
We provide new results concerning label efficient, polynomial time, passive and active learning of linear separators. We prove that active learning provides an exponential improvement over PAC (passive) learning of homogeneous linear separators under nearly log-concave distributions. Building on this, we provide a comp...
computer science
10,949
Random walk kernels and learning curves for Gaussian process regression on random graphs
stat.ML
We consider learning on graphs, guided by kernels that encode similarity between vertices. Our focus is on random walk kernels, the analogues of squared exponential kernels in Euclidean spaces. We show that on large, locally treelike, graphs these have some counter-intuitive properties, specifically in the limit of lar...
computer science
10,950
Blind Signal Separation in the Presence of Gaussian Noise
cs.LG
A prototypical blind signal separation problem is the so-called cocktail party problem, with n people talking simultaneously and n different microphones within a room. The goal is to recover each speech signal from the microphone inputs. Mathematically this can be modeled by assuming that we are given samples from an n...
computer science
10,951
LAGE: A Java Framework to reconstruct Gene Regulatory Networks from Large-Scale Continues Expression Data
cs.LG
LAGE is a systematic framework developed in Java. The motivation of LAGE is to provide a scalable and parallel solution to reconstruct Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) from continuous gene expression data for very large amount of genes. The basic idea of our framework is motivated by the philosophy of divideand-conquer....
computer science
10,952
Efficient Monte Carlo Methods for Multi-Dimensional Learning with Classifier Chains
cs.LG
Multi-dimensional classification (MDC) is the supervised learning problem where an instance is associated with multiple classes, rather than with a single class, as in traditional classification problems. Since these classes are often strongly correlated, modeling the dependencies between them allows MDC methods to imp...
computer science
10,953
Efficient learning of simplices
cs.LG
We show an efficient algorithm for the following problem: Given uniformly random points from an arbitrary n-dimensional simplex, estimate the simplex. The size of the sample and the number of arithmetic operations of our algorithm are polynomial in n. This answers a question of Frieze, Jerrum and Kannan [FJK]. Our resu...
computer science
10,954
Measures of Entropy from Data Using Infinitely Divisible Kernels
cs.LG
Information theory provides principled ways to analyze different inference and learning problems such as hypothesis testing, clustering, dimensionality reduction, classification, among others. However, the use of information theoretic quantities as test statistics, that is, as quantities obtained from empirical data, p...
computer science
10,955
Random Utility Theory for Social Choice
cs.MA
Random utility theory models an agent's preferences on alternatives by drawing a real-valued score on each alternative (typically independently) from a parameterized distribution, and then ranking the alternatives according to scores. A special case that has received significant attention is the Plackett-Luce model, fo...
computer science
10,956
Iterative Thresholding Algorithm for Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation
stat.CO
The L1-regularized maximum likelihood estimation problem has recently become a topic of great interest within the machine learning, statistics, and optimization communities as a method for producing sparse inverse covariance estimators. In this paper, a proximal gradient method (G-ISTA) for performing L1-regularized co...
computer science
10,957
Proximal Stochastic Dual Coordinate Ascent
stat.ML
We introduce a proximal version of dual coordinate ascent method. We demonstrate how the derived algorithmic framework can be used for numerous regularized loss minimization problems, including $\ell_1$ regularization and structured output SVM. The convergence rates we obtain match, and sometimes improve, state-of-the-...
computer science
10,958
Boosting Simple Collaborative Filtering Models Using Ensemble Methods
cs.IR
In this paper we examine the effect of applying ensemble learning to the performance of collaborative filtering methods. We present several systematic approaches for generating an ensemble of collaborative filtering models based on a single collaborative filtering algorithm (single-model or homogeneous ensemble). We pr...
computer science
10,959
Time-series Scenario Forecasting
stat.ML
Many applications require the ability to judge uncertainty of time-series forecasts. Uncertainty is often specified as point-wise error bars around a mean or median forecast. Due to temporal dependencies, such a method obscures some information. We would ideally have a way to query the posterior probability of the enti...
computer science
10,960
Spectral Clustering: An empirical study of Approximation Algorithms and its Application to the Attrition Problem
cs.LG
Clustering is the problem of separating a set of objects into groups (called clusters) so that objects within the same cluster are more similar to each other than to those in different clusters. Spectral clustering is a now well-known method for clustering which utilizes the spectrum of the data similarity matrix to pe...
computer science
10,961
Application of three graph Laplacian based semi-supervised learning methods to protein function prediction problem
cs.LG
Protein function prediction is the important problem in modern biology. In this paper, the un-normalized, symmetric normalized, and random walk graph Laplacian based semi-supervised learning methods will be applied to the integrated network combined from multiple networks to predict the functions of all yeast proteins ...
computer science
10,962
Bayesian nonparametric models for ranked data
stat.ML
We develop a Bayesian nonparametric extension of the popular Plackett-Luce choice model that can handle an infinite number of choice items. Our framework is based on the theory of random atomic measures, with the prior specified by a gamma process. We derive a posterior characterization and a simple and effective Gibbs...
computer science
10,963
Fast Marginalized Block Sparse Bayesian Learning Algorithm
cs.IT
The performance of sparse signal recovery from noise corrupted, underdetermined measurements can be improved if both sparsity and correlation structure of signals are exploited. One typical correlation structure is the intra-block correlation in block sparse signals. To exploit this structure, a framework, called block...
computer science
10,964
Bayesian nonparametric Plackett-Luce models for the analysis of preferences for college degree programmes
stat.ML
In this paper we propose a Bayesian nonparametric model for clustering partial ranking data. We start by developing a Bayesian nonparametric extension of the popular Plackett-Luce choice model that can handle an infinite number of choice items. Our framework is based on the theory of random atomic measures, with the pr...
computer science
10,965
Analysis of a randomized approximation scheme for matrix multiplication
cs.DS
This note gives a simple analysis of a randomized approximation scheme for matrix multiplication proposed by Sarlos (2006) based on a random rotation followed by uniform column sampling. The result follows from a matrix version of Bernstein's inequality and a tail inequality for quadratic forms in subgaussian random ve...
computer science
10,966
Bayesian learning of noisy Markov decision processes
stat.ML
We consider the inverse reinforcement learning problem, that is, the problem of learning from, and then predicting or mimicking a controller based on state/action data. We propose a statistical model for such data, derived from the structure of a Markov decision process. Adopting a Bayesian approach to inference, we sh...
computer science
10,967
Duality between subgradient and conditional gradient methods
cs.LG
Given a convex optimization problem and its dual, there are many possible first-order algorithms. In this paper, we show the equivalence between mirror descent algorithms and algorithms generalizing the conditional gradient method. This is done through convex duality, and implies notably that for certain problems, such...
computer science
10,968
Robustness Analysis of Hottopixx, a Linear Programming Model for Factoring Nonnegative Matrices
stat.ML
Although nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is NP-hard in general, it has been shown very recently that it is tractable under the assumption that the input nonnegative data matrix is close to being separable (separability requires that all columns of the input matrix belongs to the cone spanned by a small subset of...
computer science
10,969
Classification Recouvrante Basée sur les Méthodes à Noyau
cs.LG
Overlapping clustering problem is an important learning issue in which clusters are not mutually exclusive and each object may belongs simultaneously to several clusters. This paper presents a kernel based method that produces overlapping clusters on a high feature space using mercer kernel techniques to improve separa...
computer science
10,970
Overlapping clustering based on kernel similarity metric
stat.ML
Producing overlapping schemes is a major issue in clustering. Recent proposed overlapping methods relies on the search of an optimal covering and are based on different metrics, such as Euclidean distance and I-Divergence, used to measure closeness between observations. In this paper, we propose the use of another meas...
computer science
10,971
Efficient algorithms for robust recovery of images from compressed data
cs.IT
Compressed sensing (CS) is an important theory for sub-Nyquist sampling and recovery of compressible data. Recently, it has been extended by Pham and Venkatesh to cope with the case where corruption to the CS data is modeled as impulsive noise. The new formulation, termed as robust CS, combines robust statistics and CS...
computer science
10,972
Approximate Rank-Detecting Factorization of Low-Rank Tensors
stat.ML
We present an algorithm, AROFAC2, which detects the (CP-)rank of a degree 3 tensor and calculates its factorization into rank-one components. We provide generative conditions for the algorithm to work and demonstrate on both synthetic and real world data that AROFAC2 is a potentially outperforming alternative to the go...
computer science
10,973
Memory Limited, Streaming PCA
stat.ML
We consider streaming, one-pass principal component analysis (PCA), in the high-dimensional regime, with limited memory. Here, $p$-dimensional samples are presented sequentially, and the goal is to produce the $k$-dimensional subspace that best approximates these points. Standard algorithms require $O(p^2)$ memory; mea...
computer science
10,974
Simple one-pass algorithm for penalized linear regression with cross-validation on MapReduce
stat.ML
In this paper, we propose a one-pass algorithm on MapReduce for penalized linear regression \[f_\lambda(\alpha, \beta) = \|Y - \alpha\mathbf{1} - X\beta\|_2^2 + p_{\lambda}(\beta)\] where $\alpha$ is the intercept which can be omitted depending on application; $\beta$ is the coefficients and $p_{\lambda}$ is the pena...
computer science
10,975
Semi-supervised clustering methods
stat.ME
Cluster analysis methods seek to partition a data set into homogeneous subgroups. It is useful in a wide variety of applications, including document processing and modern genetics. Conventional clustering methods are unsupervised, meaning that there is no outcome variable nor is anything known about the relationship be...
computer science
10,976
Algorithms of the LDA model [REPORT]
cs.LG
We review three algorithms for Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Two of them are variational inference algorithms: Variational Bayesian inference and Online Variational Bayesian inference and one is Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm -- Collapsed Gibbs sampling. We compare their time complexity and performance....
computer science
10,977
Semi-supervised Ranking Pursuit
stat.ML
We propose a novel sparse preference learning/ranking algorithm. Our algorithm approximates the true utility function by a weighted sum of basis functions using the squared loss on pairs of data points, and is a generalization of the kernel matching pursuit method. It can operate both in a supervised and a semi-supervi...
computer science
10,978
AdaBoost and Forward Stagewise Regression are First-Order Convex Optimization Methods
stat.ML
Boosting methods are highly popular and effective supervised learning methods which combine weak learners into a single accurate model with good statistical performance. In this paper, we analyze two well-known boosting methods, AdaBoost and Incremental Forward Stagewise Regression (FS$_\varepsilon$), by establishing t...
computer science
10,979
Dropout Training as Adaptive Regularization
stat.ML
Dropout and other feature noising schemes control overfitting by artificially corrupting the training data. For generalized linear models, dropout performs a form of adaptive regularization. Using this viewpoint, we show that the dropout regularizer is first-order equivalent to an L2 regularizer applied after scaling t...
computer science
10,980
Supervised Learning and Anti-learning of Colorectal Cancer Classes and Survival Rates from Cellular Biology Parameters
cs.LG
In this paper, we describe a dataset relating to cellular and physical conditions of patients who are operated upon to remove colorectal tumours. This data provides a unique insight into immunological status at the point of tumour removal, tumour classification and post-operative survival. Attempts are made to learn re...
computer science
10,981
Error Rate Bounds in Crowdsourcing Models
stat.ML
Crowdsourcing is an effective tool for human-powered computation on many tasks challenging for computers. In this paper, we provide finite-sample exponential bounds on the error rate (in probability and in expectation) of hyperplane binary labeling rules under the Dawid-Skene crowdsourcing model. The bounds can be appl...
computer science
10,982
Flow-Based Algorithms for Local Graph Clustering
cs.DS
Given a subset S of vertices of an undirected graph G, the cut-improvement problem asks us to find a subset S that is similar to A but has smaller conductance. A very elegant algorithm for this problem has been given by Andersen and Lang [AL08] and requires solving a small number of single-commodity maximum flow comput...
computer science
10,983
Statistical Active Learning Algorithms for Noise Tolerance and Differential Privacy
cs.LG
We describe a framework for designing efficient active learning algorithms that are tolerant to random classification noise and are differentially-private. The framework is based on active learning algorithms that are statistical in the sense that they rely on estimates of expectations of functions of filtered random e...
computer science
10,984
On Soft Power Diagrams
cs.LG
Many applications in data analysis begin with a set of points in a Euclidean space that is partitioned into clusters. Common tasks then are to devise a classifier deciding which of the clusters a new point is associated to, finding outliers with respect to the clusters, or identifying the type of clustering used for th...
computer science
10,985
A New Convex Relaxation for Tensor Completion
cs.LG
We study the problem of learning a tensor from a set of linear measurements. A prominent methodology for this problem is based on a generalization of trace norm regularization, which has been used extensively for learning low rank matrices, to the tensor setting. In this paper, we highlight some limitations of this app...
computer science
10,986
Robust Subspace Clustering via Thresholding
stat.ML
The problem of clustering noisy and incompletely observed high-dimensional data points into a union of low-dimensional subspaces and a set of outliers is considered. The number of subspaces, their dimensions, and their orientations are assumed unknown. We propose a simple low-complexity subspace clustering algorithm, w...
computer science
10,987
Non-stationary Stochastic Optimization
math.PR
We consider a non-stationary variant of a sequential stochastic optimization problem, in which the underlying cost functions may change along the horizon. We propose a measure, termed variation budget, that controls the extent of said change, and study how restrictions on this budget impact achievable performance. We i...
computer science
10,988
On GROUSE and Incremental SVD
cs.NA
GROUSE (Grassmannian Rank-One Update Subspace Estimation) is an incremental algorithm for identifying a subspace of Rn from a sequence of vectors in this subspace, where only a subset of components of each vector is revealed at each iteration. Recent analysis has shown that GROUSE converges locally at an expected linea...
computer science
10,989
Online Optimization in Dynamic Environments
stat.ML
High-velocity streams of high-dimensional data pose significant "big data" analysis challenges across a range of applications and settings. Online learning and online convex programming play a significant role in the rapid recovery of important or anomalous information from these large datastreams. While recent advance...
computer science
10,990
Modeling Human Decision-making in Generalized Gaussian Multi-armed Bandits
cs.LG
We present a formal model of human decision-making in explore-exploit tasks using the context of multi-armed bandit problems, where the decision-maker must choose among multiple options with uncertain rewards. We address the standard multi-armed bandit problem, the multi-armed bandit problem with transition costs, and ...
computer science
10,991
DeBaCl: A Python Package for Interactive DEnsity-BAsed CLustering
stat.ME
The level set tree approach of Hartigan (1975) provides a probabilistically based and highly interpretable encoding of the clustering behavior of a dataset. By representing the hierarchy of data modes as a dendrogram of the level sets of a density estimator, this approach offers many advantages for exploratory analysis...
computer science
10,992
The Power of Localization for Efficiently Learning Linear Separators with Noise
cs.LG
We introduce a new approach for designing computationally efficient learning algorithms that are tolerant to noise, and demonstrate its effectiveness by designing algorithms with improved noise tolerance guarantees for learning linear separators. We consider both the malicious noise model and the adversarial label no...
computer science
10,993
Incoherence-Optimal Matrix Completion
cs.IT
This paper considers the matrix completion problem. We show that it is not necessary to assume joint incoherence, which is a standard but unintuitive and restrictive condition that is imposed by previous studies. This leads to a sample complexity bound that is order-wise optimal with respect to the incoherence paramete...
computer science
10,994
Online Learning of Dynamic Parameters in Social Networks
math.OC
This paper addresses the problem of online learning in a dynamic setting. We consider a social network in which each individual observes a private signal about the underlying state of the world and communicates with her neighbors at each time period. Unlike many existing approaches, the underlying state is dynamic, and...
computer science
10,995
Pseudo-Marginal Bayesian Inference for Gaussian Processes
stat.ML
The main challenges that arise when adopting Gaussian Process priors in probabilistic modeling are how to carry out exact Bayesian inference and how to account for uncertainty on model parameters when making model-based predictions on out-of-sample data. Using probit regression as an illustrative working example, this ...
computer science
10,996
Electricity Market Forecasting via Low-Rank Multi-Kernel Learning
stat.ML
The smart grid vision entails advanced information technology and data analytics to enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and economics of the power grid infrastructure. Aligned to this end, modern statistical learning tools are leveraged here for electricity market inference. Day-ahead price forecasting is cast as a...
computer science
10,997
Sequential Monte Carlo Bandits
stat.ML
In this paper we propose a flexible and efficient framework for handling multi-armed bandits, combining sequential Monte Carlo algorithms with hierarchical Bayesian modeling techniques. The framework naturally encompasses restless bandits, contextual bandits, and other bandit variants under a single inferential model. ...
computer science
10,998
Randomized Approximation of the Gram Matrix: Exact Computation and Probabilistic Bounds
math.NA
Given a real matrix A with n columns, the problem is to approximate the Gram product AA^T by c << n weighted outer products of columns of A. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the exact computation of AA^T (in exact arithmetic) from c >= rank(A) columns depend on the right singular vector matrix of A. For a Monte-...
computer science
10,999
CAM: Causal additive models, high-dimensional order search and penalized regression
stat.ME
We develop estimation for potentially high-dimensional additive structural equation models. A key component of our approach is to decouple order search among the variables from feature or edge selection in a directed acyclic graph encoding the causal structure. We show that the former can be done with nonregularized (r...
computer science
11,000
Learning Hidden Structures with Relational Models by Adequately Involving Rich Information in A Network
cs.LG
Effectively modelling hidden structures in a network is very practical but theoretically challenging. Existing relational models only involve very limited information, namely the binary directional link data, embedded in a network to learn hidden networking structures. There is other rich and meaningful information (e....
computer science