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13,202
Tracking Tensor Subspaces with Informative Random Sampling for Real-Time MR Imaging
cs.LG
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nowadays serves as an important modality for diagnostic and therapeutic guidance in clinics. However, the {\it slow acquisition} process, the dynamic deformation of organs, as well as the need for {\it real-time} reconstruction, pose major challenges toward obtaining artifact-free image...
computer science
13,203
Local nearest neighbour classification with applications to semi-supervised learning
math.ST
We derive a new asymptotic expansion for the global excess risk of a local $k$-nearest neighbour classifier, where the choice of $k$ may depend upon the test point. This expansion elucidates conditions under which the dominant contribution to the excess risk comes from the locus of points at which each class label is e...
computer science
13,204
Phase recovery and holographic image reconstruction using deep learning in neural networks
cs.CV
Phase recovery from intensity-only measurements forms the heart of coherent imaging techniques and holography. Here we demonstrate that a neural network can learn to perform phase recovery and holographic image reconstruction after appropriate training. This deep learning-based approach provides an entirely new framewo...
computer science
13,205
Principal Component Analysis with Tensor Train Subspace
cs.LG
Tensor train is a hierarchical tensor network structure that helps alleviate the curse of dimensionality by parameterizing large-scale multidimensional data via a set of network of low-rank tensors. Associated with such a construction is a notion of Tensor Train subspace and in this paper we propose a TT-PCA algorithm ...
computer science
13,206
A Probabilistic Perspective on Gaussian Filtering and Smoothing
stat.ME
We present a general probabilistic perspective on Gaussian filtering and smoothing. This allows us to show that common approaches to Gaussian filtering/smoothing can be distinguished solely by their methods of computing/approximating the means and covariances of joint probabilities. This implies that novel filters and ...
computer science
13,207
On Maximum a Posteriori Estimation of Hidden Markov Processes
cs.AI
We present a theoretical analysis of Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) sequence estimation for binary symmetric hidden Markov processes. We reduce the MAP estimation to the energy minimization of an appropriately defined Ising spin model, and focus on the performance of MAP as characterized by its accuracy and the number of s...
computer science
13,208
Clustering by compression
cs.CV
We present a new method for clustering based on compression. The method doesn't use subject-specific features or background knowledge, and works as follows: First, we determine a universal similarity distance, the normalized compression distance or NCD, computed from the lengths of compressed data files (singly and in ...
computer science
13,209
Field geology with a wearable computer: 1st results of the Cyborg Astrobiologist System
cs.CV
We present results from the first geological field tests of the `Cyborg Astrobiologist', which is a wearable computer and video camcorder system that we are using to test and train a computer-vision system towards having some of the autonomous decision-making capabilities of a field-geologist. The Cyborg Astrobiologist...
computer science
13,210
Efficient Adaptive Compressive Sensing Using Sparse Hierarchical Learned Dictionaries
stat.ML
Recent breakthrough results in compressed sensing (CS) have established that many high dimensional objects can be accurately recovered from a relatively small number of non- adaptive linear projection observations, provided that the objects possess a sparse representation in some basis. Subsequent efforts have shown th...
computer science
13,211
Speckle Reduction in Polarimetric SAR Imagery with Stochastic Distances and Nonlocal Means
cs.IT
This paper presents a technique for reducing speckle in Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) imagery using Nonlocal Means and a statistical test based on stochastic divergences. The main objective is to select homogeneous pixels in the filtering area through statistical tests between distributions. This propo...
computer science
13,212
SAR Image Despeckling Algorithms using Stochastic Distances and Nonlocal Means
cs.IT
This paper presents two approaches for filter design based on stochastic distances for intensity speckle reduction. A window is defined around each pixel, overlapping samples are compared and only those which pass a goodness-of-fit test are used to compute the filtered value. The tests stem from stochastic divergences ...
computer science
13,213
A New Algorithm of Speckle Filtering using Stochastic Distances
cs.IT
This paper presents a new approach for filter design based on stochastic distances and tests between distributions. A window is defined around each pixel, overlapping samples are compared and only those which pass a goodness-of-fit test are used to compute the filtered value. The technique is applied to intensity SAR d...
computer science
13,214
Online Robust Subspace Tracking from Partial Information
cs.IT
This paper presents GRASTA (Grassmannian Robust Adaptive Subspace Tracking Algorithm), an efficient and robust online algorithm for tracking subspaces from highly incomplete information. The algorithm uses a robust $l^1$-norm cost function in order to estimate and track non-stationary subspaces when the streaming data ...
computer science
13,215
Speckle Reduction using Stochastic Distances
cs.IT
This paper presents a new approach for filter design based on stochastic distances and tests between distributions. A window is defined around each pixel, samples are compared and only those which pass a goodness-of-fit test are used to compute the filtered value. The technique is applied to intensity Synthetic Apertur...
computer science
13,216
Polarimetric SAR Image Smoothing with Stochastic Distances
cs.IT
Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) images are establishing as an important source of information in remote sensing applications. The most complete format this type of imaging produces consists of complex-valued Hermitian matrices in every image coordinate and, as such, their visualization is challenging. Th...
computer science
13,217
The Algebraic Approach to Phase Retrieval and Explicit Inversion at the Identifiability Threshold
math.FA
We study phase retrieval from magnitude measurements of an unknown signal as an algebraic estimation problem. Indeed, phase retrieval from rank-one and more general linear measurements can be treated in an algebraic way. It is verified that a certain number of generic rank-one or generic linear measurements are suffici...
computer science
13,218
Robust Compressed Sensing Under Matrix Uncertainties
cs.IT
Compressed sensing (CS) shows that a signal having a sparse or compressible representation can be recovered from a small set of linear measurements. In classical CS theory, the sampling matrix and representation matrix are assumed to be known exactly in advance. However, uncertainties exist due to sampling distortion, ...
computer science
13,219
Classification and Reconstruction of High-Dimensional Signals from Low-Dimensional Features in the Presence of Side Information
cs.IT
This paper offers a characterization of fundamental limits on the classification and reconstruction of high-dimensional signals from low-dimensional features, in the presence of side information. We consider a scenario where a decoder has access both to linear features of the signal of interest and to linear features o...
computer science
13,220
Message-passing algorithms for synchronization problems over compact groups
cs.IT
Various alignment problems arising in cryo-electron microscopy, community detection, time synchronization, computer vision, and other fields fall into a common framework of synchronization problems over compact groups such as Z/L, U(1), or SO(3). The goal of such problems is to estimate an unknown vector of group eleme...
computer science
13,221
Efficient Estimation of Compressible State-Space Models with Application to Calcium Signal Deconvolution
stat.ML
In this paper, we consider linear state-space models with compressible innovations and convergent transition matrices in order to model spatiotemporally sparse transient events. We perform parameter and state estimation using a dynamic compressed sensing framework and develop an efficient solution consisting of two nes...
computer science
13,222
Collective Intelligence for Control of Distributed Dynamical Systems
cs.LG
We consider the El Farol bar problem, also known as the minority game (W. B. Arthur, ``The American Economic Review'', 84(2): 406--411 (1994), D. Challet and Y.C. Zhang, ``Physica A'', 256:514 (1998)). We view it as an instance of the general problem of how to configure the nodal elements of a distributed dynamical sys...
computer science
13,223
Sharpening Occam's Razor
cs.LG
We provide a new representation-independent formulation of Occam's razor theorem, based on Kolmogorov complexity. This new formulation allows us to: (i) Obtain better sample complexity than both length-based and VC-based versions of Occam's razor theorem, in many applications. (ii) Achieve a sharper reverse of Occa...
computer science
13,224
Sequence Prediction based on Monotone Complexity
cs.AI
This paper studies sequence prediction based on the monotone Kolmogorov complexity Km=-log m, i.e. based on universal deterministic/one-part MDL. m is extremely close to Solomonoff's prior M, the latter being an excellent predictor in deterministic as well as probabilistic environments, where performance is measured in...
computer science
13,225
Distribution of Mutual Information from Complete and Incomplete Data
cs.LG
Mutual information is widely used, in a descriptive way, to measure the stochastic dependence of categorical random variables. In order to address questions such as the reliability of the descriptive value, one must consider sample-to-population inferential approaches. This paper deals with the posterior distribution o...
computer science
13,226
Universal Convergence of Semimeasures on Individual Random Sequences
cs.LG
Solomonoff's central result on induction is that the posterior of a universal semimeasure M converges rapidly and with probability 1 to the true sequence generating posterior mu, if the latter is computable. Hence, M is eligible as a universal sequence predictor in case of unknown mu. Despite some nearby results and pr...
computer science
13,227
Strong Asymptotic Assertions for Discrete MDL in Regression and Classification
math.ST
We study the properties of the MDL (or maximum penalized complexity) estimator for Regression and Classification, where the underlying model class is countable. We show in particular a finite bound on the Hellinger losses under the only assumption that there is a "true" model contained in the class. This implies almost...
computer science
13,228
Belief Propagation and Beyond for Particle Tracking
cs.IT
We describe a novel approach to statistical learning from particles tracked while moving in a random environment. The problem consists in inferring properties of the environment from recorded snapshots. We consider here the case of a fluid seeded with identical passive particles that diffuse and are advected by a flow....
computer science
13,229
On Finding Predictors for Arbitrary Families of Processes
cs.LG
The problem is sequence prediction in the following setting. A sequence $x_1,...,x_n,...$ of discrete-valued observations is generated according to some unknown probabilistic law (measure) $\mu$. After observing each outcome, it is required to give the conditional probabilities of the next observation. The measure $\mu...
computer science
13,230
Learning from Untrusted Data
cs.LG
The vast majority of theoretical results in machine learning and statistics assume that the available training data is a reasonably reliable reflection of the phenomena to be learned or estimated. Similarly, the majority of machine learning and statistical techniques used in practice are brittle to the presence of larg...
computer science
13,231
Phase Transitions, Optimal Errors and Optimality of Message-Passing in Generalized Linear Models
cs.IT
We consider generalized linear models (GLMs) where an unknown $n$-dimensional signal vector is observed through the application of a random matrix and a non-linear (possibly probabilistic) componentwise output function. We consider the models in the high-dimensional limit, where the observation consists of m points, an...
computer science
13,232
Context-Aware Generative Adversarial Privacy
cs.LG
Preserving the utility of published datasets while simultaneously providing provable privacy guarantees is a well-known challenge. On the one hand, context-free privacy solutions, such as differential privacy, provide strong privacy guarantees, but often lead to a significant reduction in utility. On the other hand, co...
computer science
13,233
Aspects of Evolutionary Design by Computers
cs.NE
This paper examines the four main types of Evolutionary Design by computers: Evolutionary Design Optimisation, Evolutionary Art, Evolutionary Artificial Life Forms and Creative Evolutionary Design. Definitions for all four areas are provided. A review of current work in each of these areas is given, with examples of th...
computer science
13,234
Training Reinforcement Neurocontrollers Using the Polytope Algorithm
cs.NE
A new training algorithm is presented for delayed reinforcement learning problems that does not assume the existence of a critic model and employs the polytope optimization algorithm to adjust the weights of the action network so that a simple direct measure of the training performance is maximized. Experimental result...
computer science
13,235
An Efficient Mean Field Approach to the Set Covering Problem
cs.NE
A mean field feedback artificial neural network algorithm is developed and explored for the set covering problem. A convenient encoding of the inequality constraints is achieved by means of a multilinear penalty function. An approximate energy minimum is obtained by iterating a set of mean field equations, in combinati...
computer science
13,236
Alife Model of Evolutionary Emergence of Purposeful Adaptive Behavior
cs.NE
The process of evolutionary emergence of purposeful adaptive behavior is investigated by means of computer simulations. The model proposed implies that there is an evolving population of simple agents, which have two natural needs: energy and reproduction. Any need is characterized quantitatively by a corresponding mot...
computer science
13,237
Design of statistical quality control procedures using genetic algorithms
cs.NE
In general, we can not use algebraic or enumerative methods to optimize a quality control (QC) procedure so as to detect the critical random and systematic analytical errors with stated probabilities, while the probability for false rejection is minimum. Genetic algorithms (GAs) offer an alternative, as they do not req...
computer science
13,238
Selection of future events from a time series in relation to estimations of forecasting uncertainty
cs.NE
A new general procedure for a priori selection of more predictable events from a time series of observed variable is proposed. The procedure is applicable to time series which contains different types of events that feature significantly different predictability, or, in other words, to heteroskedastic time series. A pr...
computer science
13,239
Thinking, Learning, and Autonomous Problem Solving
cs.NE
Ever increasing computational power will require methods for automatic programming. We present an alternative to genetic programming, based on a general model of thinking and learning. The advantage is that evolution takes place in the space of constructs and can thus exploit the mathematical structures of this space. ...
computer science
13,240
Optimizing GoTools' Search Heuristics using Genetic Algorithms
cs.NE
GoTools is a program which solves life & death problems in the game of Go. This paper describes experiments using a Genetic Algorithm to optimize heuristic weights used by GoTools' tree-search. The complete set of heuristic weights is composed of different subgroups, each of which can be optimized with a suitable fitne...
computer science
13,241
Predicting Response-Function Results of Electrical/Mechanical Systems Through Artificial Neural Network
cs.NE
In the present paper a newer application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been developed i.e., predicting response-function results of electrical-mechanical system through ANN. This method is specially useful to complex systems for which it is not possible to find the response-function because of complexity of th...
computer science
13,242
A novel evolutionary formulation of the maximum independent set problem
cs.NE
We introduce a novel evolutionary formulation of the problem of finding a maximum independent set of a graph. The new formulation is based on the relationship that exists between a graph's independence number and its acyclic orientations. It views such orientations as individuals and evolves them with the aid of evolut...
computer science
13,243
Two novel evolutionary formulations of the graph coloring problem
cs.NE
We introduce two novel evolutionary formulations of the problem of coloring the nodes of a graph. The first formulation is based on the relationship that exists between a graph's chromatic number and its acyclic orientations. It views such orientations as individuals and evolves them with the aid of evolutionary operat...
computer science
13,244
On Interference of Signals and Generalization in Feedforward Neural Networks
cs.NE
This paper studies how the generalization ability of neurons can be affected by mutual processing of different signals. This study is done on the basis of a feedforward artificial neural network. The mutual processing of signals can possibly be a good model of patterns in a set generalized by a neural network and in ef...
computer science
13,245
Feedforward Neural Networks with Diffused Nonlinear Weight Functions
cs.NE
In this paper, feedforward neural networks are presented that have nonlinear weight functions based on look--up tables, that are specially smoothed in a regularization called the diffusion. The idea of such a type of networks is based on the hypothesis that the greater number of adaptive parameters per a weight functio...
computer science
13,246
Mapping weblog communities
cs.NE
Websites of a particular class form increasingly complex networks, and new tools are needed to map and understand them. A way of visualizing this complex network is by mapping it. A map highlights which members of the community have similar interests, and reveals the underlying social network. In this paper, we will ma...
computer science
13,247
Parameter-less Optimization with the Extended Compact Genetic Algorithm and Iterated Local Search
cs.NE
This paper presents a parameter-less optimization framework that uses the extended compact genetic algorithm (ECGA) and iterated local search (ILS), but is not restricted to these algorithms. The presented optimization algorithm (ILS+ECGA) comes as an extension of the parameter-less genetic algorithm (GA), where the pa...
computer science
13,248
An architecture for massive parallelization of the compact genetic algorithm
cs.NE
This paper presents an architecture which is suitable for a massive parallelization of the compact genetic algorithm. The resulting scheme has three major advantages. First, it has low synchronization costs. Second, it is fault tolerant, and third, it is scalable. The paper argues that the benefits that can be obtain...
computer science
13,249
A philosophical essay on life and its connections with genetic algorithms
cs.NE
This paper makes a number of connections between life and various facets of genetic and evolutionary algorithms research. Specifically, it addresses the topics of adaptation, multiobjective optimization, decision making, deception, and search operators, among others. It argues that human life, from birth to death, is a...
computer science
13,250
Genetic Algorithms and Quantum Computation
cs.NE
Recently, researchers have applied genetic algorithms (GAs) to address some problems in quantum computation. Also, there has been some works in the designing of genetic algorithms based on quantum theoretical concepts and techniques. The so called Quantum Evolutionary Programming has two major sub-areas: Quantum Inspir...
computer science
13,251
Efficiency Enhancement of Probabilistic Model Building Genetic Algorithms
cs.NE
This paper presents two different efficiency-enhancement techniques for probabilistic model building genetic algorithms. The first technique proposes the use of a mutation operator which performs local search in the sub-solution neighborhood identified through the probabilistic model. The second technique proposes buil...
computer science
13,252
Let's Get Ready to Rumble: Crossover Versus Mutation Head to Head
cs.NE
This paper analyzes the relative advantages between crossover and mutation on a class of deterministic and stochastic additively separable problems. This study assumes that the recombination and mutation operators have the knowledge of the building blocks (BBs) and effectively exchange or search among competing BBs. Fa...
computer science
13,253
Designing Competent Mutation Operators via Probabilistic Model Building of Neighborhoods
cs.NE
This paper presents a competent selectomutative genetic algorithm (GA), that adapts linkage and solves hard problems quickly, reliably, and accurately. A probabilistic model building process is used to automatically identify key building blocks (BBs) of the search problem. The mutation operator uses the probabilistic m...
computer science
13,254
Efficiency Enhancement of Genetic Algorithms via Building-Block-Wise Fitness Estimation
cs.NE
This paper studies fitness inheritance as an efficiency enhancement technique for a class of competent genetic algorithms called estimation distribution algorithms. Probabilistic models of important sub-solutions are developed to estimate the fitness of a proportion of individuals in the population, thereby avoiding co...
computer science
13,255
Portfolio selection using neural networks
cs.NE
In this paper we apply a heuristic method based on artificial neural networks in order to trace out the efficient frontier associated to the portfolio selection problem. We consider a generalization of the standard Markowitz mean-variance model which includes cardinality and bounding constraints. These constraints ensu...
computer science
13,256
Obtaining Membership Functions from a Neuron Fuzzy System extended by Kohonen Network
cs.NE
This article presents the Neo-Fuzzy-Neuron Modified by Kohonen Network (NFN-MK), an hybrid computational model that combines fuzzy system technique and artificial neural networks. Its main task consists in the automatic generation of membership functions, in particular, triangle forms, aiming a dynamic modeling of a sy...
computer science
13,257
A Neural-Network Technique for Recognition of Filaments in Solar Images
cs.NE
We describe a new neural-network technique developed for an automated recognition of solar filaments visible in the hydrogen H-alpha line full disk spectroheliograms. This technique allows neural networks learn from a few image fragments labelled manually to recognize the single filaments depicted on a local background...
computer science
13,258
A New Kind of Hopfield Networks for Finding Global Optimum
cs.NE
The Hopfield network has been applied to solve optimization problems over decades. However, it still has many limitations in accomplishing this task. Most of them are inherited from the optimization algorithms it implements. The computation of a Hopfield network, defined by a set of difference equations, can easily be ...
computer science
13,259
Visual Character Recognition using Artificial Neural Networks
cs.NE
The recognition of optical characters is known to be one of the earliest applications of Artificial Neural Networks, which partially emulate human thinking in the domain of artificial intelligence. In this paper, a simplified neural approach to recognition of optical or visual characters is portrayed and discussed. The...
computer science
13,260
Artificial Neural Networks and their Applications
cs.NE
The Artificial Neural network is a functional imitation of simplified model of the biological neurons and their goal is to construct useful computers for real world problems. The ANN applications have increased dramatically in the last few years fired by both theoretical and practical applications in a wide variety of ...
computer science
13,261
Distant generalization by feedforward neural networks
cs.NE
This paper discusses the notion of generalization of training samples over long distances in the input space of a feedforward neural network. Such a generalization might occur in various ways, that differ in how great the contribution of different training features should be. The structure of a neuron in a feedforwar...
computer science
13,262
A dissipative particle swarm optimization
cs.NE
A dissipative particle swarm optimization is developed according to the self-organization of dissipative structure. The negative entropy is introduced to construct an opening dissipative system that is far-from-equilibrium so as to driving the irreversible evolution process with better fitness. The testing of two multi...
computer science
13,263
Optimizing semiconductor devices by self-organizing particle swarm
cs.NE
A self-organizing particle swarm is presented. It works in dissipative state by employing the small inertia weight, according to experimental analysis on a simplified model, which with fast convergence. Then by recognizing and replacing inactive particles according to the process deviation information of device paramet...
computer science
13,264
Handling equality constraints by adaptive relaxing rule for swarm algorithms
cs.NE
The adaptive constraints relaxing rule for swarm algorithms to handle with the problems with equality constraints is presented. The feasible space of such problems may be similiar to ridge function class, which is hard for applying swarm algorithms. To enter the solution space more easily, the relaxed quasi feasible sp...
computer science
13,265
Handling boundary constraints for numerical optimization by particle swarm flying in periodic search space
cs.NE
The periodic mode is analyzed together with two conventional boundary handling modes for particle swarm. By providing an infinite space that comprises periodic copies of original search space, it avoids possible disorganizing of particle swarm that is induced by the undesired mutations at the boundary. The results on b...
computer science
13,266
SWAF: Swarm Algorithm Framework for Numerical Optimization
cs.NE
A swarm algorithm framework (SWAF), realized by agent-based modeling, is presented to solve numerical optimization problems. Each agent is a bare bones cognitive architecture, which learns knowledge by appropriately deploying a set of simple rules in fast and frugal heuristics. Two essential categories of rules, the ge...
computer science
13,267
Framework for Hopfield Network based Adaptive routing - A design level approach for adaptive routing phenomena with Artificial Neural Network
cs.NE
Routing, as a basic phenomena, by itself, has got umpteen scopes to analyse, discuss and arrive at an optimal solution for the technocrats over years. Routing is analysed based on many factors; few key constraints that decide the factors are communication medium, time dependency, information source nature. Parametric r...
computer science
13,268
Does a Plane Imitate a Bird? Does Computer Vision Have to Follow Biological Paradigms?
cs.NE
We posit a new paradigm for image information processing. For the last 25 years, this task was usually approached in the frame of Treisman's two-stage paradigm [1]. The latter supposes an unsupervised, bottom-up directed process of preliminary information pieces gathering at the lower processing stages and a supervised...
computer science
13,269
Discrete Network Dynamics. Part 1: Operator Theory
cs.NE
An operator algebra implementation of Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for simulating Markov random fields is proposed. It allows the dynamics of networks whose nodes have discrete state spaces to be specified by the action of an update operator that is composed of creation and annihilation operators. This formulati...
computer science
13,270
Evolino for recurrent support vector machines
cs.NE
Traditional Support Vector Machines (SVMs) need pre-wired finite time windows to predict and classify time series. They do not have an internal state necessary to deal with sequences involving arbitrary long-term dependencies. Here we introduce a new class of recurrent, truly sequential SVM-like devices with internal a...
computer science
13,271
Réseaux d'Automates de Caianiello Revisité
cs.NE
We exhibit a family of neural networks of McCulloch and Pitts of size $2nk+2$ which can be simulated by a neural networks of Caianiello of size $2n+2$ and memory length $k$. This simulation allows us to find again one of the result of the following article: [Cycles exponentiels des r\'{e}seaux de Caianiello et compteur...
computer science
13,272
On the utility of the multimodal problem generator for assessing the performance of Evolutionary Algorithms
cs.NE
This paper looks in detail at how an evolutionary algorithm attempts to solve instances from the multimodal problem generator. The paper shows that in order to consistently reach the global optimum, an evolutionary algorithm requires a population size that should grow at least linearly with the number of peaks. It is a...
computer science
13,273
Revisiting Evolutionary Algorithms with On-the-Fly Population Size Adjustment
cs.NE
In an evolutionary algorithm, the population has a very important role as its size has direct implications regarding solution quality, speed, and reliability. Theoretical studies have been done in the past to investigate the role of population sizing in evolutionary algorithms. In addition to those studies, several sel...
computer science
13,274
Lamarckian Evolution and the Baldwin Effect in Evolutionary Neural Networks
cs.NE
Hybrid neuro-evolutionary algorithms may be inspired on Darwinian or Lamarckian evolu- tion. In the case of Darwinian evolution, the Baldwin effect, that is, the progressive incorporation of learned characteristics to the genotypes, can be observed and leveraged to improve the search. The purpose of this paper is to ca...
computer science
13,275
The Basic Kak Neural Network with Complex Inputs
cs.NE
The Kak family of neural networks is able to learn patterns quickly, and this speed of learning can be a decisive advantage over other competing models in many applications. Amongst the implementations of these networks are those using reconfigurable networks, FPGAs and optical networks. In some applications, it is use...
computer science
13,276
The NoN Approach to Autonomic Face Recognition
cs.NE
A method of autonomic face recognition based on the biologically plausible network of networks (NoN) model of information processing is presented. The NoN model is based on locally parallel and globally coordinated transformations in which the neurons or computational units form distributed networks, which themselves l...
computer science
13,277
Theoretical Properties of Projection Based Multilayer Perceptrons with Functional Inputs
cs.NE
Many real world data are sampled functions. As shown by Functional Data Analysis (FDA) methods, spectra, time series, images, gesture recognition data, etc. can be processed more efficiently if their functional nature is taken into account during the data analysis process. This is done by extending standard data analys...
computer science
13,278
Modelling the Probability Density of Markov Sources
cs.NE
This paper introduces an objective function that seeks to minimise the average total number of bits required to encode the joint state of all of the layers of a Markov source. This type of encoder may be applied to the problem of optimising the bottom-up (recognition model) and top-down (generative model) connections i...
computer science
13,279
Neural Networks with Complex and Quaternion Inputs
cs.NE
This article investigates Kak neural networks, which can be instantaneously trained, for complex and quaternion inputs. The performance of the basic algorithm has been analyzed and shown how it provides a plausible model of human perception and understanding of images. The motivation for studying quaternion inputs is t...
computer science
13,280
Problem Evolution: A new approach to problem solving systems
cs.NE
In this paper we present a novel tool to evaluate problem solving systems. Instead of using a system to solve a problem, we suggest using the problem to evaluate the system. By finding a numerical representation of a problem's complexity, one can implement genetic algorithm to search for the most complex problem the gi...
computer science
13,281
V-like formations in flocks of artificial birds
cs.NE
We consider flocks of artificial birds and study the emergence of V-like formations during flight. We introduce a small set of fully distributed positioning rules to guide the birds' movements and demonstrate, by means of simulations, that they tend to lead to stabilization into several of the well-known V-like formati...
computer science
13,282
On the possibility of making the complete computer model of a human brain
cs.NE
The development of the algorithm of a neural network building by the corresponding parts of a DNA code is discussed.
computer science
13,283
Risk Assessment Algorithms Based On Recursive Neural Networks
cs.NE
The assessment of highly-risky situations at road intersections have been recently revealed as an important research topic within the context of the automotive industry. In this paper we shall introduce a novel approach to compute risk functions by using a combination of a highly non-linear processing model in conjunct...
computer science
13,284
Actin - Technical Report
cs.NE
The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) can be solved efficiently with variants of the DPLL algorithm. For industrial SAT problems, DPLL with conflict analysis dependent dynamic decision heuristics has proved to be particularly efficient, e.g. in Chaff. In this work, algorithms that initialize the variable activity va...
computer science
13,285
Improved Neural Modeling of Real-World Systems Using Genetic Algorithm Based Variable Selection
cs.NE
Neural network models of real-world systems, such as industrial processes, made from sensor data must often rely on incomplete data. System states may not all be known, sensor data may be biased or noisy, and it is not often known which sensor data may be useful for predictive modelling. Genetic algorithms may be used ...
computer science
13,286
From Royal Road to Epistatic Road for Variable Length Evolution Algorithm
cs.NE
Although there are some real world applications where the use of variable length representation (VLR) in Evolutionary Algorithm is natural and suitable, an academic framework is lacking for such representations. In this work we propose a family of tunable fitness landscapes based on VLR of genotypes. The fitness landsc...
computer science
13,287
Where are Bottlenecks in NK Fitness Landscapes?
cs.NE
Usually the offspring-parent fitness correlation is used to visualize and analyze some caracteristics of fitness landscapes such as evolvability. In this paper, we introduce a more general representation of this correlation, the Fitness Cloud (FC). We use the bottleneck metaphor to emphasise fitness levels in landscape...
computer science
13,288
Scuba Search : when selection meets innovation
cs.NE
We proposed a new search heuristic using the scuba diving metaphor. This approach is based on the concept of evolvability and tends to exploit neutrality in fitness landscape. Despite the fact that natural evolution does not directly select for evolvability, the basic idea behind the scuba search heuristic is to explic...
computer science
13,289
How to use the Scuba Diving metaphor to solve problem with neutrality ?
cs.NE
We proposed a new search heuristic using the scuba diving metaphor. This approach is based on the concept of evolvability and tends to exploit neutrality which exists in many real-world problems. Despite the fact that natural evolution does not directly select for evolvability, the basic idea behind the scuba search he...
computer science
13,290
The universal evolutionary computer based on super-recursive algorithms of evolvability
cs.NE
This work exposes which mechanisms and procesess in the Nature of evolution compute a function not computable by Turing machine. The computer with intelligence that is not higher than one bacteria population could have, but with efficency to solve the problems that are non-computable by Turing machine is represented. T...
computer science
13,291
Representation of Functional Data in Neural Networks
cs.NE
Functional Data Analysis (FDA) is an extension of traditional data analysis to functional data, for example spectra, temporal series, spatio-temporal images, gesture recognition data, etc. Functional data are rarely known in practice; usually a regular or irregular sampling is known. For this reason, some processing is...
computer science
13,292
Functional Multi-Layer Perceptron: a Nonlinear Tool for Functional Data Analysis
cs.NE
In this paper, we study a natural extension of Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP) to functional inputs. We show that fundamental results for classical MLP can be extended to functional MLP. We obtain universal approximation results that show the expressive power of functional MLP is comparable to that of numerical MLP. We o...
computer science
13,293
GUIDE: Unifying Evolutionary Engines through a Graphical User Interface
cs.NE
Many kinds of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) have been described in the literature since the last 30 years. However, though most of them share a common structure, no existing software package allows the user to actually shift from one model to another by simply changing a few parameters, e.g. in a single window of a Gra...
computer science
13,294
Digital Ecosystems: Optimisation by a Distributed Intelligence
cs.NE
Can intelligence optimise Digital Ecosystems? How could a distributed intelligence interact with the ecosystem dynamics? Can the software components that are part of genetic selection be intelligent in themselves, as in an adaptive technology? We consider the effect of a distributed intelligence mechanism on the evolut...
computer science
13,295
Digital Ecosystems: Stability of Evolving Agent Populations
cs.NE
Stability is perhaps one of the most desirable features of any engineered system, given the importance of being able to predict its response to various environmental conditions prior to actual deployment. Engineered systems are becoming ever more complex, approaching the same levels of biological ecosystems, and so the...
computer science
13,296
Digital Ecosystems: Evolving Service-Oriented Architectures
cs.NE
We view Digital Ecosystems to be the digital counterparts of biological ecosystems, exploiting the self-organising properties of biological ecosystems, which are considered to be robust, self-organising and scalable architectures that can automatically solve complex, dynamic problems. Digital Ecosystems are a novel opt...
computer science
13,297
Creating a Digital Ecosystem: Service-Oriented Architectures with Distributed Evolutionary Computing
cs.NE
We start with a discussion of the relevant literature, including Nature Inspired Computing as a framework in which to understand this work, and the process of biomimicry to be used in mimicking the necessary biological processes to create Digital Ecosystems. We then consider the relevant theoretical ecology in creating...
computer science
13,298
Multi-Layer Perceptrons and Symbolic Data
cs.NE
In some real world situations, linear models are not sufficient to represent accurately complex relations between input variables and output variables of a studied system. Multilayer Perceptrons are one of the most successful non-linear regression tool but they are unfortunately restricted to inputs and outputs that be...
computer science
13,299
Accélération des cartes auto-organisatrices sur tableau de dissimilarités par séparation et évaluation
cs.NE
In this paper, a new implementation of the adaptation of Kohonen self-organising maps (SOM) to dissimilarity matrices is proposed. This implementation relies on the branch and bound principle to reduce the algorithm running time. An important property of this new approach is that the obtained algorithm produces exactly...
computer science
13,300
A data-driven functional projection approach for the selection of feature ranges in spectra with ICA or cluster analysis
cs.NE
Prediction problems from spectra are largely encountered in chemometry. In addition to accurate predictions, it is often needed to extract information about which wavelengths in the spectra contribute in an effective way to the quality of the prediction. This implies to select wavelengths (or wavelength intervals), a p...
computer science
13,301
Using Bayesian Blocks to Partition Self-Organizing Maps
cs.NE
Self organizing maps (SOMs) are widely-used for unsupervised classification. For this application, they must be combined with some partitioning scheme that can identify boundaries between distinct regions in the maps they produce. We discuss a novel partitioning scheme for SOMs based on the Bayesian Blocks segmentation...
computer science