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19,702
Engineering a Conformant Probabilistic Planner
cs.AI
We present a partial-order, conformant, probabilistic planner, Probapop which competed in the blind track of the Probabilistic Planning Competition in IPC-4. We explain how we adapt distance based heuristics for use with probabilistic domains. Probapop also incorporates heuristics based on probability of success. We ex...
computer science
19,703
Where 'Ignoring Delete Lists' Works: Local Search Topology in Planning Benchmarks
cs.AI
Between 1998 and 2004, the planning community has seen vast progress in terms of the sizes of benchmark examples that domain-independent planners can tackle successfully. The key technique behind this progress is the use of heuristic functions based on relaxing the planning task at hand, where the relaxation is to assu...
computer science
19,704
Binary Encodings of Non-binary Constraint Satisfaction Problems: Algorithms and Experimental Results
cs.AI
A non-binary Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) can be solved directly using extended versions of binary techniques. Alternatively, the non-binary problem can be translated into an equivalent binary one. In this case, it is generally accepted that the translated problem can be solved by applying well-established tec...
computer science
19,705
Distributed Reasoning in a Peer-to-Peer Setting: Application to the Semantic Web
cs.AI
In a peer-to-peer inference system, each peer can reason locally but can also solicit some of its acquaintances, which are peers sharing part of its vocabulary. In this paper, we consider peer-to-peer inference systems in which the local theory of each peer is a set of propositional clauses defined upon a local vocabul...
computer science
19,706
Dynamic Local Search for the Maximum Clique Problem
cs.AI
In this paper, we introduce DLS-MC, a new stochastic local search algorithm for the maximum clique problem. DLS-MC alternates between phases of iterative improvement, during which suitable vertices are added to the current clique, and plateau search, during which vertices of the current clique are swapped with vertices...
computer science
19,707
Representing Conversations for Scalable Overhearing
cs.AI
Open distributed multi-agent systems are gaining interest in the academic community and in industry. In such open settings, agents are often coordinated using standardized agent conversation protocols. The representation of such protocols (for analysis, validation, monitoring, etc) is an important aspect of multi-agent...
computer science
19,708
Improving Heuristics Through Relaxed Search - An Analysis of TP4 and HSP*a in the 2004 Planning Competition
cs.AI
The hm admissible heuristics for (sequential and temporal) regression planning are defined by a parameterized relaxation of the optimal cost function in the regression search space, where the parameter m offers a trade-off between the accuracy and computational cost of theheuristic. Existing methods for computing the h...
computer science
19,709
Models and Strategies for Variants of the Job Shop Scheduling Problem
cs.AI
Recently, a variety of constraint programming and Boolean satisfiability approaches to scheduling problems have been introduced. They have in common the use of relatively simple propagation mechanisms and an adaptive way to focus on the most constrained part of the problem. In some cases, these methods compare favorabl...
computer science
19,710
An Approximation of the Universal Intelligence Measure
cs.AI
The Universal Intelligence Measure is a recently proposed formal definition of intelligence. It is mathematically specified, extremely general, and captures the essence of many informal definitions of intelligence. It is based on Hutter's Universal Artificial Intelligence theory, an extension of Ray Solomonoff's pionee...
computer science
19,711
An Improved Search Algorithm for Optimal Multiple-Sequence Alignment
cs.AI
Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a ubiquitous problem in computational biology. Although it is NP-hard to find an optimal solution for an arbitrary number of sequences, due to the importance of this problem researchers are trying to push the limits of exact algorithms further. Since MSA can be cast as a classical p...
computer science
19,712
Probabilistic Hybrid Action Models for Predicting Concurrent Percept-driven Robot Behavior
cs.AI
This article develops Probabilistic Hybrid Action Models (PHAMs), a realistic causal model for predicting the behavior generated by modern percept-driven robot plans. PHAMs represent aspects of robot behavior that cannot be represented by most action models used in AI planning: the temporal structure of continuous cont...
computer science
19,713
Generative Prior Knowledge for Discriminative Classification
cs.AI
We present a novel framework for integrating prior knowledge into discriminative classifiers. Our framework allows discriminative classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to utilize prior knowledge specified in the generative setting. The dual objective of fitting the data and respecting prior knowledge is fo...
computer science
19,714
The Fast Downward Planning System
cs.AI
Fast Downward is a classical planning system based on heuristic search. It can deal with general deterministic planning problems encoded in the propositional fragment of PDDL2.2, including advanced features like ADL conditions and effects and derived predicates (axioms). Like other well-known planners such as HSP and F...
computer science
19,715
Asynchronous Partial Overlay: A New Algorithm for Solving Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problems
cs.AI
Distributed Constraint Satisfaction (DCSP) has long been considered an important problem in multi-agent systems research. This is because many real-world problems can be represented as constraint satisfaction and these problems often present themselves in a distributed form. In this article, we present a new complete, ...
computer science
19,716
Admissible and Restrained Revision
cs.AI
As partial justification of their framework for iterated belief revision Darwiche and Pearl convincingly argued against Boutiliers natural revision and provided a prototypical revision operator that fits into their scheme. We show that the Darwiche-Pearl arguments lead naturally to the acceptance of a smaller class of ...
computer science
19,717
On Graphical Modeling of Preference and Importance
cs.AI
In recent years, CP-nets have emerged as a useful tool for supporting preference elicitation, reasoning, and representation. CP-nets capture and support reasoning with qualitative conditional preference statements, statements that are relatively natural for users to express. In this paper, we extend the CP-nets formali...
computer science
19,718
The Planning Spectrum - One, Two, Three, Infinity
cs.AI
Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is widely used for defining conditions on the execution paths of dynamic systems. In the case of dynamic systems that allow for nondeterministic evolutions, one has to specify, along with an LTL formula f, which are the paths that are required to satisfy the formula. Two extreme cases are th...
computer science
19,719
Fault Tolerant Boolean Satisfiability
cs.AI
A delta-model is a satisfying assignment of a Boolean formula for which any small alteration, such as a single bit flip, can be repaired by flips to some small number of other bits, yielding a new satisfying assignment. These satisfying assignments represent robust solutions to optimization problems (e.g., scheduling) ...
computer science
19,720
Cognitive Principles in Robust Multimodal Interpretation
cs.AI
Multimodal conversational interfaces provide a natural means for users to communicate with computer systems through multiple modalities such as speech and gesture. To build effective multimodal interfaces, automated interpretation of user multimodal inputs is important. Inspired by the previous investigation on cogniti...
computer science
19,721
Multiple-Goal Heuristic Search
cs.AI
This paper presents a new framework for anytime heuristic search where the task is to achieve as many goals as possible within the allocated resources. We show the inadequacy of traditional distance-estimation heuristics for tasks of this type and present alternative heuristics that are more appropriate for multiple-go...
computer science
19,722
FluCaP: A Heuristic Search Planner for First-Order MDPs
cs.AI
We present a heuristic search algorithm for solving first-order Markov Decision Processes (FOMDPs). Our approach combines first-order state abstraction that avoids evaluating states individually, and heuristic search that avoids evaluating all states. Firstly, in contrast to existing systems, which start with propositi...
computer science
19,723
Learning Dependency-Based Compositional Semantics
cs.AI
Suppose we want to build a system that answers a natural language question by representing its semantics as a logical form and computing the answer given a structured database of facts. The core part of such a system is the semantic parser that maps questions to logical forms. Semantic parsers are typically trained fro...
computer science
19,724
Publishing and linking transport data on the Web
cs.AI
Without Linked Data, transport data is limited to applications exclusively around transport. In this paper, we present a workflow for publishing and linking transport data on the Web. So we will be able to develop transport applications and to add other features which will be created from other datasets. This will be p...
computer science
19,725
An improved approach to attribute reduction with covering rough sets
cs.AI
Attribute reduction is viewed as an important preprocessing step for pattern recognition and data mining. Most of researches are focused on attribute reduction by using rough sets. Recently, Tsang et al. discussed attribute reduction with covering rough sets in the paper [E. C.C. Tsang, D. Chen, Daniel S. Yeung, Approx...
computer science
19,726
Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (2011)
cs.AI
This is the Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, which was held in Barcelona, Spain, July 14 - 17 2011.
computer science
19,727
Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (2010)
cs.AI
This is the Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, which was held on Catalina Island, CA, July 8 - 11 2010.
computer science
19,728
Most Relevant Explanation: Properties, Algorithms, and Evaluations
cs.AI
Most Relevant Explanation (MRE) is a method for finding multivariate explanations for given evidence in Bayesian networks [12]. This paper studies the theoretical properties of MRE and develops an algorithm for finding multiple top MRE solutions. Our study shows that MRE relies on an implicit soft relevance measure in ...
computer science
19,729
Measuring Inconsistency in Probabilistic Knowledge Bases
cs.AI
This paper develops an inconsistency measure on conditional probabilistic knowledge bases. The measure is based on fundamental principles for inconsistency measures and thus provides a solid theoretical framework for the treatment of inconsistencies in probabilistic expert systems. We illustrate its usefulness and imme...
computer science
19,730
Bisimulation-based Approximate Lifted Inference
cs.AI
There has been a great deal of recent interest in methods for performing lifted inference; however, most of this work assumes that the first-order model is given as input to the system. Here, we describe lifted inference algorithms that determine symmetries and automatically lift the probabilistic model to speedup infe...
computer science
19,731
Regret-based Reward Elicitation for Markov Decision Processes
cs.AI
The specification of aMarkov decision process (MDP) can be difficult. Reward function specification is especially problematic; in practice, it is often cognitively complex and time-consuming for users to precisely specify rewards. This work casts the problem of specifying rewards as one of preference elicitation and ai...
computer science
19,732
Logical Inference Algorithms and Matrix Representations for Probabilistic Conditional Independence
cs.AI
Logical inference algorithms for conditional independence (CI) statements have important applications from testing consistency during knowledge elicitation to constraintbased structure learning of graphical models. We prove that the implication problem for CI statements is decidable, given that the size of the domains ...
computer science
19,733
The Temporal Logic of Causal Structures
cs.AI
Computational analysis of time-course data with an underlying causal structure is needed in a variety of domains, including neural spike trains, stock price movements, and gene expression levels. However, it can be challenging to determine from just the numerical time course data alone what is coordinating the visible ...
computer science
19,734
Constraint Processing in Lifted Probabilistic Inference
cs.AI
First-order probabilistic models combine representational power of first-order logic with graphical models. There is an ongoing effort to design lifted inference algorithms for first-order probabilistic models. We analyze lifted inference from the perspective of constraint processing and, through this viewpoint, we ana...
computer science
19,735
Counting Belief Propagation
cs.AI
A major benefit of graphical models is that most knowledge is captured in the model structure. Many models, however, produce inference problems with a lot of symmetries not reflected in the graphical structure and hence not exploitable by efficient inference techniques such as belief propagation (BP). In this paper, we...
computer science
19,736
Improved Mean and Variance Approximations for Belief Net Responses via Network Doubling
cs.AI
A Bayesian belief network models a joint distribution with an directed acyclic graph representing dependencies among variables and network parameters characterizing conditional distributions. The parameters are viewed as random variables to quantify uncertainty about their values. Belief nets are used to compute respon...
computer science
19,737
Generating Optimal Plans in Highly-Dynamic Domains
cs.AI
Generating optimal plans in highly dynamic environments is challenging. Plans are predicated on an assumed initial state, but this state can change unexpectedly during plan generation, potentially invalidating the planning effort. In this paper we make three contributions: (1) We propose a novel algorithm for generatin...
computer science
19,738
Seeing the Forest Despite the Trees: Large Scale Spatial-Temporal Decision Making
cs.AI
We introduce a challenging real-world planning problem where actions must be taken at each location in a spatial area at each point in time. We use forestry planning as the motivating application. In Large Scale Spatial-Temporal (LSST) planning problems, the state and action spaces are defined as the cross-products of ...
computer science
19,739
Complexity Analysis and Variational Inference for Interpretation-based Probabilistic Description Logic
cs.AI
This paper presents complexity analysis and variational methods for inference in probabilistic description logics featuring Boolean operators, quantification, qualified number restrictions, nominals, inverse roles and role hierarchies. Inference is shown to be PEXP-complete, and variational methods are designed so as t...
computer science
19,740
Mean Field Variational Approximation for Continuous-Time Bayesian Networks
cs.AI
Continuous-time Bayesian networks is a natural structured representation language for multicomponent stochastic processes that evolve continuously over time. Despite the compact representation, inference in such models is intractable even in relatively simple structured networks. Here we introduce a mean field variatio...
computer science
19,741
Deterministic POMDPs Revisited
cs.AI
We study a subclass of POMDPs, called Deterministic POMDPs, that is characterized by deterministic actions and observations. These models do not provide the same generality of POMDPs yet they capture a number of interesting and challenging problems, and permit more efficient algorithms. Indeed, some of the recent work ...
computer science
19,742
Lower Bound Bayesian Networks - An Efficient Inference of Lower Bounds on Probability Distributions in Bayesian Networks
cs.AI
We present a new method to propagate lower bounds on conditional probability distributions in conventional Bayesian networks. Our method guarantees to provide outer approximations of the exact lower bounds. A key advantage is that we can use any available algorithms and tools for Bayesian networks in order to represent...
computer science
19,743
Operations on soft sets revisited
cs.AI
Soft sets, as a mathematical tool for dealing with uncertainty, have recently gained considerable attention, including some successful applications in information processing, decision, demand analysis, and forecasting. To construct new soft sets from given soft sets, some operations on soft sets have been proposed. Unf...
computer science
19,744
Approximate Modified Policy Iteration
cs.AI
Modified policy iteration (MPI) is a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm that contains the two celebrated policy and value iteration methods. Despite its generality, MPI has not been thoroughly studied, especially its approximation form which is used when the state and/or action spaces are large or infinite. In this pap...
computer science
19,745
Unfair items detection in educational measurement
cs.AI
Measurement professionals cannot come to an agreement on the definition of the term 'item fairness'. In this paper a continuous measure of item unfairness is proposed. The more the unfairness measure deviates from zero, the less fair the item is. If the measure exceeds the cutoff value, the item is identified as defini...
computer science
19,746
Machine Recognition of Hand Written Characters using Neural Networks
cs.AI
Even today in Twenty First Century Handwritten communication has its own stand and most of the times, in daily life it is globally using as means of communication and recording the information like to be shared with others. Challenges in handwritten characters recognition wholly lie in the variation and distortion of h...
computer science
19,747
A Simplified Description of Fuzzy TOPSIS
cs.AI
A simplified description of Fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Situation) is presented. We have adapted the TOPSIS description from existing Fuzzy theory literature and distilled the bare minimum concepts required for understanding and applying TOPSIS. An example has been worked out to ...
computer science
19,748
Approximate Equalities on Rough Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and an Analysis of Approximate Equalities
cs.AI
In order to involve user knowledge in determining equality of sets, which may not be equal in the mathematical sense, three types of approximate (rough) equalities were introduced by Novotny and Pawlak ([8, 9, 10]). These notions were generalized by Tripathy, Mitra and Ojha ([13]), who introduced the concepts of approx...
computer science
19,749
Rule Based Expert System for Cerebral Palsy Diagnosis
cs.AI
The use of Artificial Intelligence is finding prominence not only in core computer areas, but also in cross disciplinary areas including medical diagnosis. In this paper, we present a rule based Expert System used in diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy. The expert system takes user input and depending on the symptoms of the pa...
computer science
19,750
Alternative Restart Strategies for CMA-ES
cs.AI
This paper focuses on the restart strategy of CMA-ES on multi-modal functions. A first alternative strategy proceeds by decreasing the initial step-size of the mutation while doubling the population size at each restart. A second strategy adaptively allocates the computational budget among the restart settings in the B...
computer science
19,751
Characteristic matrix of covering and its application to boolean matrix decomposition and axiomatization
cs.AI
Covering is an important type of data structure while covering-based rough sets provide an efficient and systematic theory to deal with covering data. In this paper, we use boolean matrices to represent and axiomatize three types of covering approximation operators. First, we define two types of characteristic matrices...
computer science
19,752
Robust Principal Component Analysis Using Statistical Estimators
cs.AI
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) finds a linear mapping and maximizes the variance of the data which makes PCA sensitive to outliers and may cause wrong eigendirection. In this paper, we propose techniques to solve this problem; we use the data-centering method and reestimate the covariance matrix using robust statis...
computer science
19,753
Higher-Order Partial Least Squares (HOPLS): A Generalized Multi-Linear Regression Method
cs.AI
A new generalized multilinear regression model, termed the Higher-Order Partial Least Squares (HOPLS), is introduced with the aim to predict a tensor (multiway array) $\tensor{Y}$ from a tensor $\tensor{X}$ through projecting the data onto the latent space and performing regression on the corresponding latent variables...
computer science
19,754
Cost Sensitive Reachability Heuristics for Handling State Uncertainty
cs.AI
While POMDPs provide a general platform for non-deterministic conditional planning under a variety of quality metrics they have limited scalability. On the other hand, non-deterministic conditional planners scale very well, but many lack the ability to optimize plan quality metrics. We present a novel generalization of...
computer science
19,755
Stable Independence in Perfect Maps
cs.AI
With the aid of the concept of stable independence we can construct, in an efficient way, a compact representation of a semi-graphoid independence relation. We show that this representation provides a new necessary condition for the existence of a directed perfect map for the relation. The test for this condition is ba...
computer science
19,756
'Say EM' for Selecting Probabilistic Models for Logical Sequences
cs.AI
Many real world sequences such as protein secondary structures or shell logs exhibit a rich internal structures. Traditional probabilistic models of sequences, however, consider sequences of flat symbols only. Logical hidden Markov models have been proposed as one solution. They deal with logical sequences, i.e., seque...
computer science
19,757
Of Starships and Klingons: Bayesian Logic for the 23rd Century
cs.AI
Intelligent systems in an open world must reason about many interacting entities related to each other in diverse ways and having uncertain features and relationships. Traditional probabilistic languages lack the expressive power to handle relational domains. Classical first-order logic is sufficiently expressive, but ...
computer science
19,758
A Differential Semantics of Lazy AR Propagation
cs.AI
In this paper we present a differential semantics of Lazy AR Propagation (LARP) in discrete Bayesian networks. We describe how both single and multi dimensional partial derivatives of the evidence may easily be calculated from a junction tree in LARP equilibrium. We show that the simplicity of the calculations stems fr...
computer science
19,759
Modifying Bayesian Networks by Probability Constraints
cs.AI
This paper deals with the following problem: modify a Bayesian network to satisfy a given set of probability constraints by only change its conditional probability tables, and the probability distribution of the resulting network should be as close as possible to that of the original network. We propose to solve this p...
computer science
19,760
Exploiting Evidence-dependent Sensitivity Bounds
cs.AI
Studying the effects of one-way variation of any number of parameters on any number of output probabilities quickly becomes infeasible in practice, especially if various evidence profiles are to be taken into consideration. To provide for identifying the parameters that have a potentially large effect prior to actually...
computer science
19,761
MAA*: A Heuristic Search Algorithm for Solving Decentralized POMDPs
cs.AI
We present multi-agent A* (MAA*), the first complete and optimal heuristic search algorithm for solving decentralized partially-observable Markov decision problems (DEC-POMDPs) with finite horizon. The algorithm is suitable for computing optimal plans for a cooperative group of agents that operate in a stochastic envir...
computer science
19,762
A unified setting for inference and decision: An argumentation-based approach
cs.AI
Inferring from inconsistency and making decisions are two problems which have always been treated separately by researchers in Artificial Intelligence. Consequently, different models have been proposed for each category. Different argumentation systems [2, 7, 10, 11] have been developed for handling inconsistency in kn...
computer science
19,763
Hybrid Bayesian Networks with Linear Deterministic Variables
cs.AI
When a hybrid Bayesian network has conditionally deterministic variables with continuous parents, the joint density function for the continuous variables does not exist. Conditional linear Gaussian distributions can handle such cases when the continuous variables have a multi-variate normal distribution and the discret...
computer science
19,764
On Bayesian Network Approximation by Edge Deletion
cs.AI
We consider the problem of deleting edges from a Bayesian network for the purpose of simplifying models in probabilistic inference. In particular, we propose a new method for deleting network edges, which is based on the evidence at hand. We provide some interesting bounds on the KL-divergence between original and appr...
computer science
19,765
Exploiting Evidence in Probabilistic Inference
cs.AI
We define the notion of compiling a Bayesian network with evidence and provide a specific approach for evidence-based compilation, which makes use of logical processing. The approach is practical and advantageous in a number of application areas-including maximum likelihood estimation, sensitivity analysis, and MAP com...
computer science
19,766
Use of Dempster-Shafer Conflict Metric to Detect Interpretation Inconsistency
cs.AI
A model of the world built from sensor data may be incorrect even if the sensors are functioning correctly. Possible causes include the use of inappropriate sensors (e.g. a laser looking through glass walls), sensor inaccuracies accumulate (e.g. localization errors), the a priori models are wrong, or the internal repre...
computer science
19,767
Nonparametric Bayesian Logic
cs.AI
The Bayesian Logic (BLOG) language was recently developed for defining first-order probability models over worlds with unknown numbers of objects. It handles important problems in AI, including data association and population estimation. This paper extends BLOG by adopting generative processes over function spaces - kn...
computer science
19,768
Efficient algorithm for estimation of qualitative expected utility in possibilistic case-based reasoning
cs.AI
We propose an efficient algorithm for estimation of possibility based qualitative expected utility. It is useful for decision making mechanisms where each possible decision is assigned a multi-attribute possibility distribution. The computational complexity of ordinary methods calculating the expected utility based on ...
computer science
19,769
Local Markov Property for Models Satisfying Composition Axiom
cs.AI
The local Markov condition for a DAG to be an independence map of a probability distribution is well known. For DAGs with latent variables, represented as bi-directed edges in the graph, the local Markov property may invoke exponential number of conditional independencies. This paper shows that the number of conditiona...
computer science
19,770
Unsupervised Activity Discovery and Characterization From Event-Streams
cs.AI
We present a framework to discover and characterize different classes of everyday activities from event-streams. We begin by representing activities as bags of event n-grams. This allows us to analyze the global structural information of activities, using their local event statistics. We demonstrate how maximal cliques...
computer science
19,771
Modeling Transportation Routines using Hybrid Dynamic Mixed Networks
cs.AI
This paper describes a general framework called Hybrid Dynamic Mixed Networks (HDMNs) which are Hybrid Dynamic Bayesian Networks that allow representation of discrete deterministic information in the form of constraints. We propose approximate inference algorithms that integrate and adjust well known algorithmic princi...
computer science
19,772
Approximate Inference Algorithms for Hybrid Bayesian Networks with Discrete Constraints
cs.AI
In this paper, we consider Hybrid Mixed Networks (HMN) which are Hybrid Bayesian Networks that allow discrete deterministic information to be modeled explicitly in the form of constraints. We present two approximate inference algorithms for HMNs that integrate and adjust well known algorithmic principles such as Genera...
computer science
19,773
Metrics for Markov Decision Processes with Infinite State Spaces
cs.AI
We present metrics for measuring state similarity in Markov decision processes (MDPs) with infinitely many states, including MDPs with continuous state spaces. Such metrics provide a stable quantitative analogue of the notion of bisimulation for MDPs, and are suitable for use in MDP approximation. We show that the opti...
computer science
19,774
Existence and Finiteness Conditions for Risk-Sensitive Planning: Results and Conjectures
cs.AI
Decision-theoretic planning with risk-sensitive planning objectives is important for building autonomous agents or decision-support systems for real-world applications. However, this line of research has been largely ignored in the artificial intelligence and operations research communities since planning with risk-sen...
computer science
19,775
Near-optimal Nonmyopic Value of Information in Graphical Models
cs.AI
A fundamental issue in real-world systems, such as sensor networks, is the selection of observations which most effectively reduce uncertainty. More specifically, we address the long standing problem of nonmyopically selecting the most informative subset of variables in a graphical model. We present the first efficient...
computer science
19,776
A Revision-Based Approach to Resolving Conflicting Information
cs.AI
In this paper, we propose a revision-based approach for conflict resolution by generalizing the Disjunctive Maxi-Adjustment (DMA) approach (Benferhat et al. 2004). Revision operators can be classified into two different families: the model-based ones and the formula-based ones. So the revision-based approach has two di...
computer science
19,777
Asynchronous Dynamic Bayesian Networks
cs.AI
Systems such as sensor networks and teams of autonomous robots consist of multiple autonomous entities that interact with each other in a distributed, asynchronous manner. These entities need to keep track of the state of the system as it evolves. Asynchronous systems lead to special challenges for monitoring, as nodes...
computer science
19,778
Expectation Propagation for Continuous Time Bayesian Networks
cs.AI
Continuous time Bayesian networks (CTBNs) describe structured stochastic processes with finitely many states that evolve over continuous time. A CTBN is a directed (possibly cyclic) dependency graph over a set of variables, each of which represents a finite state continuous time Markov process whose transition model is...
computer science
19,779
Expectation Maximization and Complex Duration Distributions for Continuous Time Bayesian Networks
cs.AI
Continuous time Bayesian networks (CTBNs) describe structured stochastic processes with finitely many states that evolve over continuous time. A CTBN is a directed (possibly cyclic) dependency graph over a set of variables, each of which represents a finite state continuous time Markov process whose transition model is...
computer science
19,780
Sufficient conditions for convergence of Loopy Belief Propagation
cs.AI
We derive novel sufficient conditions for convergence of Loopy Belief Propagation (also known as the Sum-Product algorithm) to a unique fixed point. Our results improve upon previously known conditions. For binary variables with (anti-)ferromagnetic interactions, our conditions seem to be sharp.
computer science
19,781
The Relationship Between AND/OR Search and Variable Elimination
cs.AI
In this paper we compare search and inference in graphical models through the new framework of AND/OR search. Specifically, we compare Variable Elimination (VE) and memoryintensive AND/OR Search (AO) and place algorithms such as graph-based backjumping and no-good and good learning, as well as Recursive Conditioning [7...
computer science
19,782
Representation Policy Iteration
cs.AI
This paper addresses a fundamental issue central to approximation methods for solving large Markov decision processes (MDPs): how to automatically learn the underlying representation for value function approximation? A novel theoretically rigorous framework is proposed that automatically generates geometrically customi...
computer science
19,783
Point-Based POMDP Algorithms: Improved Analysis and Implementation
cs.AI
Existing complexity bounds for point-based POMDP value iteration algorithms focus either on the curse of dimensionality or the curse of history. We derive a new bound that relies on both and uses the concept of discounted reachability; our conclusions may help guide future algorithm design. We also discuss recent impro...
computer science
19,784
Approximate Linear Programming for First-order MDPs
cs.AI
We introduce a new approximate solution technique for first-order Markov decision processes (FOMDPs). Representing the value function linearly w.r.t. a set of first-order basis functions, we compute suitable weights by casting the corresponding optimization as a first-order linear program and show how off-the-shelf the...
computer science
19,785
Predictive Linear-Gaussian Models of Stochastic Dynamical Systems
cs.AI
Models of dynamical systems based on predictive state representations (PSRs) are defined strictly in terms of observable quantities, in contrast with traditional models (such as Hidden Markov Models) that use latent variables or statespace representations. In addition, PSRs have an effectively infinite memory, allowing...
computer science
19,786
Efficient Test Selection in Active Diagnosis via Entropy Approximation
cs.AI
We consider the problem of diagnosing faults in a system represented by a Bayesian network, where diagnosis corresponds to recovering the most likely state of unobserved nodes given the outcomes of tests (observed nodes). Finding an optimal subset of tests in this setting is intractable in general. We show that it is d...
computer science
19,787
Importance Sampling in Bayesian Networks: An Influence-Based Approximation Strategy for Importance Functions
cs.AI
One of the main problems of importance sampling in Bayesian networks is representation of the importance function, which should ideally be as close as possible to the posterior joint distribution. Typically, we represent an importance function as a factorization, i.e., product of conditional probability tables (CPTs). ...
computer science
19,788
Structured Region Graphs: Morphing EP into GBP
cs.AI
GBP and EP are two successful algorithms for approximate probabilistic inference, which are based on different approximation strategies. An open problem in both algorithms has been how to choose an appropriate approximation structure. We introduce 'structured region graphs', a formalism which marries these two strategi...
computer science
19,789
A Model for Reasoning with Uncertain Rules in Event Composition Systems
cs.AI
In recent years, there has been an increased need for the use of active systems - systems required to act automatically based on events, or changes in the environment. Such systems span many areas, from active databases to applications that drive the core business processes of today's enterprises. However, in many case...
computer science
19,790
Super-Mixed Multiple Attribute Group Decision Making Method Based on Hybrid Fuzzy Grey Relation Approach Degree
cs.AI
The feature of our method different from other fuzzy grey relation method for supermixed multiple attribute group decision-making is that all of the subjective and objective weights are obtained by interval grey number and that the group decisionmaking is performed based on the relative approach degree of grey TOPSIS, ...
computer science
19,791
Generalized Hybrid Grey Relation Method for Multiple Attribute Mixed Type Decision Making
cs.AI
The multiple attribute mixed type decision making is performed by four methods, that is, the relative approach degree of grey TOPSIS method, the relative approach degree of grey incidence, the relative membership degree of grey incidence and the grey relation relative approach degree method using the maximum entropy es...
computer science
19,792
The SeqBin Constraint Revisited
cs.AI
We revisit the SeqBin constraint. This meta-constraint subsumes a number of important global constraints like Change, Smooth and IncreasingNValue. We show that the previously proposed filtering algorithm for SeqBin has two drawbacks even under strong restrictions: it does not detect bounds disentailment and it is not i...
computer science
19,793
Arabic CALL system based on pedagogically indexed text
cs.AI
This article introduces the benefits of using computer as a tool for foreign language teaching and learning. It describes the effect of using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools for learning Arabic. The technique explored in this particular case is the employment of pedagogically indexed corpora. This text-based me...
computer science
19,794
Etude de Modèles à base de réseaux Bayésiens pour l'aide au diagnostic de tumeurs cérébrales
cs.AI
This article describes different models based on Bayesian networks RB modeling expertise in the diagnosis of brain tumors. Indeed, they are well adapted to the representation of the uncertainty in the process of diagnosis of these tumors. In our work, we first tested several structures derived from the Bayesian network...
computer science
19,795
Novel Grey Interval Weight Determining and Hybrid Grey Interval Relation Method in Multiple Attribute Decision-Making
cs.AI
This paper proposes a grey interval relation TOPSIS for the decision making in which all of the attribute weights and attribute values are given by the interval grey numbers. The feature of our method different from other grey relation decision-making is that all of the subjective and objective weights are obtained by ...
computer science
19,796
Probabilistic Event Calculus for Event Recognition
cs.AI
Symbolic event recognition systems have been successfully applied to a variety of application domains, extracting useful information in the form of events, allowing experts or other systems to monitor and respond when significant events are recognised. In a typical event recognition application, however, these systems ...
computer science
19,797
Classification of Approaches and Challenges of Frequent Subgraphs Mining in Biological Networks
cs.AI
Understanding the structure and dynamics of biological networks is one of the important challenges in system biology. In addition, increasing amount of experimental data in biological networks necessitate the use of efficient methods to analyze these huge amounts of data. Such methods require to recognize common patter...
computer science
19,798
Hybrid Grey Interval Relation Decision-Making in Artistic Talent Evaluation of Player
cs.AI
This paper proposes a grey interval relation TOPSIS method for the decision making in which all of the attribute weights and attribute values are given by the interval grey numbers. In this paper, all of the subjective and objective weights are obtained by interval grey number and decision-making is based on four metho...
computer science
19,799
Qualitative Approximate Behavior Composition
cs.AI
The behavior composition problem involves automatically building a controller that is able to realize a desired, but unavailable, target system (e.g., a house surveillance) by suitably coordinating a set of available components (e.g., video cameras, blinds, lamps, a vacuum cleaner, phones, etc.) Previous work has almos...
computer science
19,800
Reasoning about Agent Programs using ATL-like Logics
cs.AI
We propose a variant of Alternating-time Temporal Logic (ATL) grounded in the agents' operational know-how, as defined by their libraries of abstract plans. Inspired by ATLES, a variant itself of ATL, it is possible in our logic to explicitly refer to "rational" strategies for agents developed under the Belief-Desire-I...
computer science
19,801
Exploiting First-Order Regression in Inductive Policy Selection
cs.AI
We consider the problem of computing optimal generalised policies for relational Markov decision processes. We describe an approach combining some of the benefits of purely inductive techniques with those of symbolic dynamic programming methods. The latter reason about the optimal value function using first-order decis...
computer science