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36,507
Solving the undirected feedback vertex set problem by local search
cs.AI
An undirected graph consists of a set of vertices and a set of undirected edges between vertices. Such a graph may contain an abundant number of cycles, then a feedback vertex set (FVS) is a set of vertices intersecting with each of these cycles. Constructing a FVS of cardinality approaching the global minimum value is...
computer science
36,508
Feature Selection On Boolean Symbolic Objects
cs.IR
With the boom in IT technology, the data sets used in application are more and more larger and are described by a huge number of attributes, therefore, the feature selection become an important discipline in Knowledge discovery and data mining, allowing the experts to select the most relevant features to improve the qu...
computer science
36,509
On the Relative Expressiveness of Argumentation Frameworks, Normal Logic Programs and Abstract Dialectical Frameworks
cs.AI
We analyse the expressiveness of the two-valued semantics of abstract argumentation frameworks, normal logic programs and abstract dialectical frameworks. By expressiveness we mean the ability to encode a desired set of two-valued interpretations over a given propositional signature using only atoms from that signature...
computer science
36,510
Implementing Default and Autoepistemic Logics via the Logic of GK
cs.AI
The logic of knowledge and justified assumptions, also known as logic of grounded knowledge (GK), was proposed by Lin and Shoham as a general logic for nonmonotonic reasoning. To date, it has been used to embed in it default logic (propositional case), autoepistemic logic, Turner's logic of universal causation, and gen...
computer science
36,511
Design Of Fuzzy Logic Traffic Controller For Isolated Intersections With Emergency Vehicle Priority System Using MATLAB Simulation
cs.AI
Traffic is the chief puzzle problem which every country faces because of the enhancement in number of vehicles throughout the world, especially in large urban towns. Hence the need arises for simulating and optimizing traffic control algorithms to better accommodate this increasing demand. Fuzzy optimization deals with...
computer science
36,512
Logic and Constraint Logic Programming for Distributed Constraint Optimization
cs.MA
The field of Distributed Constraint Optimization Problems (DCOPs) has gained momentum, thanks to its suitability in capturing complex problems (e.g., multi-agent coordination and resource allocation problems) that are naturally distributed and cannot be realistically addressed in a centralized manner. The state of the ...
computer science
36,513
FO(C): A Knowledge Representation Language of Causality
cs.LO
Cause-effect relations are an important part of human knowledge. In real life, humans often reason about complex causes linked to complex effects. By comparison, existing formalisms for representing knowledge about causal relations are quite limited in the kind of specifications of causes and effects they allow. In thi...
computer science
36,514
Dialogues for proof search
math.LO
Dialogue games are a two-player semantics for a variety of logics, including intuitionistic and classical logic. Dialogues can be viewed as a kind of analytic calculus not unlike tableaux. Can dialogue games be an effective foundation for proof search in intuitionistic logic (both first-order and propositional)? We ann...
computer science
36,515
An Abductive Framework for Horn Knowledge Base Dynamics
cs.LO
The dynamics of belief and knowledge is one of the major components of any autonomous system that should be able to incorporate new pieces of information. We introduced the Horn knowledge base dynamics to deal with two important points: first, to handle belief states that need not be deductively closed; and the second ...
computer science
36,516
The Metrics Matter! On the Incompatibility of Different Flavors of Replanning
cs.AI
When autonomous agents are executing in the real world, the state of the world as well as the objectives of the agent may change from the agent's original model. In such cases, the agent's planning process must modify the plan under execution to make it amenable to the new conditions, and to resume execution. This brin...
computer science
36,517
Developing Corpus-based Translation Methods between Informal and Formal Mathematics: Project Description
cs.AI
The goal of this project is to (i) accumulate annotated informal/formal mathematical corpora suitable for training semi-automated translation between informal and formal mathematics by statistical machine-translation methods, (ii) to develop such methods oriented at the formalization task, and in particular (iii) to co...
computer science
36,518
Student Dropout Risk Assessment in Undergraduate Course at Residential University
cs.CY
Student dropout prediction is an indispensable for numerous intelligent systems to measure the education system and success rate of any university as well as throughout the university in the world. Therefore, it becomes essential to develop efficient methods for prediction of the students at risk of dropping out, enabl...
computer science
36,519
Transaction Logic with (Complex) Events
cs.AI
This work deals with the problem of combining reactive features, such as the ability to respond to events and define complex events, with the execution of transactions over general Knowledge Bases (KBs). With this as goal, we build on Transaction Logic (TR), a logic precisely designed to model and execute transaction...
computer science
36,520
CDF-Intervals: A Reliable Framework to Reason about Data with Uncertainty
cs.LO
This research introduces a new constraint domain for reasoning about data with uncertainty. It extends convex modeling with the notion of p-box to gain additional quantifiable information on the data whereabouts. Unlike existing approaches, the p-box envelops an unknown probability instead of approximating its represen...
computer science
36,521
HATP: An HTN Planner for Robotics
cs.RO
Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning is a popular approach that cuts down on the classical planning search space by relying on a given hierarchical library of domain control knowledge. This provides an intuitive methodology for specifying high-level instructions on how robots and agents should perform tasks, while ...
computer science
36,522
Towards an ASP-Based Architecture for Autonomous UAVs in Dynamic Environments (Extended Abstract)
cs.AI
Traditional AI reasoning techniques have been used successfully in many domains, including logistics, scheduling and game playing. This paper is part of a project aimed at investigating how such techniques can be extended to coordinate teams of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in dynamic environments. Specifically chall...
computer science
36,523
A Comparison of Monte Carlo Tree Search and Mathematical Optimization for Large Scale Dynamic Resource Allocation
math.OC
Dynamic resource allocation (DRA) problems are an important class of dynamic stochastic optimization problems that arise in a variety of important real-world applications. DRA problems are notoriously difficult to solve to optimality since they frequently combine stochastic elements with intractably large state and act...
computer science
36,524
Mathematical Programming Strategies for Solving the Minimum Common String Partition Problem
cs.AI
The minimum common string partition problem is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem with applications in computational biology. In this work we propose the first integer linear programming model for solving this problem. Moreover, on the basis of the integer linear programming model we develop a deterministic ...
computer science
36,525
Understanding model counting for $β$-acyclic CNF-formulas
cs.CC
We extend the knowledge about so-called structural restrictions of $\mathrm{\#SAT}$ by giving a polynomial time algorithm for $\beta$-acyclic $\mathrm{\#SAT}$. In contrast to previous algorithms in the area, our algorithm does not proceed by dynamic programming but works along an elimination order, solving a weighted v...
computer science
36,526
The PeerRank Method for Peer Assessment
cs.AI
We propose the PeerRank method for peer assessment. This constructs a grade for an agent based on the grades proposed by the agents evaluating the agent. Since the grade of an agent is a measure of their ability to grade correctly, the PeerRank method weights grades by the grades of the grading agent. The PeerRank meth...
computer science
36,527
Conformant Planning as a Case Study of Incremental QBF Solving
cs.LO
We consider planning with uncertainty in the initial state as a case study of incremental quantified Boolean formula (QBF) solving. We report on experiments with a workflow to incrementally encode a planning instance into a sequence of QBFs. To solve this sequence of incrementally constructed QBFs, we use our general-p...
computer science
36,528
The Computational Impact of Partial Votes on Strategic Voting
cs.GT
In many real world elections, agents are not required to rank all candidates. We study three of the most common methods used to modify voting rules to deal with such partial votes. These methods modify scoring rules (like the Borda count), elimination style rules (like single transferable vote) and rules based on the t...
computer science
36,529
A Vague Improved Markov Model Approach for Web Page Prediction
cs.IR
Today most of the information in all areas is available over the web. It increases the web utilization as well as attracts the interest of researchers to improve the effectiveness of web access and web utilization. As the number of web clients gets increased, the bandwidth sharing is performed that decreases the web ac...
computer science
36,530
Integrating Vague Association Mining with Markov Model
cs.IR
The increasing demand of world wide web raises the need of predicting the user's web page request.The most widely used approach to predict the web pages is the pattern discovery process of Web usage mining. This process involves inevitability of many techniques like Markov model, association rules and clustering. Fuzzy...
computer science
36,531
Weakly monotone averaging functions
cs.AI
Monotonicity with respect to all arguments is fundamental to the definition of aggregation functions. It is also a limiting property that results in many important non-monotonic averaging functions being excluded from the theoretical framework. This work proposes a definition for weakly monotonic averaging functions, s...
computer science
36,532
Computational Analysis of Perfect-Information Position Auctions
cs.GT
After experimentation with other designs, the major search engines converged on the weighted, generalized second-price auction (wGSP) for selling keyword advertisements. Notably, this convergence occurred before position auctions were well understood (or, indeed, widely studied) theoretically. While much progress has b...
computer science
36,533
The Mathematical Abstraction Theory, The Fundamentals for Knowledge Representation and Self-Evolving Autonomous Problem Solving Systems
cs.LO
The intention of the present study is to establish the mathematical fundamentals for automated problem solving essentially targeted for robotics by approaching the task universal algebraically introducing knowledge as realizations of generalized free algebra based nets, graphs with gluing forms connecting in- and out-e...
computer science
36,534
Axiomatizing Causal Reasoning
cs.AI
Causal models defined in terms of a collection of equations, as defined by Pearl, are axiomatized here. Axiomatizations are provided for three successively more general classes of causal models: (1) the class of recursive theories (those without feedback), (2) the class of theories where the solutions to the equations ...
computer science
36,535
Random Algorithms for the Loop Cutset Problem
cs.AI
We show how to find a minimum loop cutset in a Bayesian network with high probability. Finding such a loop cutset is the first step in Pearl's method of conditioning for inference. Our random algorithm for finding a loop cutset, called "Repeated WGuessI", outputs a minimum loop cutset, after O(c 6^k k n) steps, with pr...
computer science
36,536
A Logic for Reasoning about Upper Probabilities
cs.AI
We present a propositional logic to reason about the uncertainty of events, where the uncertainty is modeled by a set of probability measures assigning an interval of probability to each event. We give a sound and complete axiomatization for the logic, and show that the satisfiability problem is NP-complete, no harder ...
computer science
36,537
Renewal Strings for Cleaning Astronomical Databases
cs.AI
Large astronomical databases obtained from sky surveys such as the SuperCOSMOS Sky Surveys (SSS) invariably suffer from a small number of spurious records coming from artefactual effects of the telescope, satellites and junk objects in orbit around earth and physical defects on the photographic plate or CCD. Though rel...
computer science
36,538
An Evasion and Counter-Evasion Study in Malicious Websites Detection
cs.CR
Malicious websites are a major cyber attack vector, and effective detection of them is an important cyber defense task. The main defense paradigm in this regard is that the defender uses some kind of machine learning algorithms to train a detection model, which is then used to classify websites in question. Unlike othe...
computer science
36,539
On the Conditional Independence Implication Problem: A Lattice-Theoretic Approach
cs.AI
A lattice-theoretic framework is introduced that permits the study of the conditional independence (CI) implication problem relative to the class of discrete probability measures. Semi-lattices are associated with CI statements and a finite, sound and complete inference system relative to semi-lattice inclusions is pre...
computer science
36,540
Fuzzy inequational logic
cs.LO
We present a logic for reasoning about graded inequalities which generalizes the ordinary inequational logic used in universal algebra. The logic deals with atomic predicate formulas of the form of inequalities between terms and formalizes their semantic entailment and provability in graded setting which allows to draw...
computer science
36,541
Incremental Cardinality Constraints for MaxSAT
cs.LO
Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) is an optimization variant of the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem. In general, MaxSAT algorithms perform a succession of SAT solver calls to reach an optimum solution making extensive use of cardinality constraints. Many of these algorithms are non-incremental in nature, i.e. at eac...
computer science
36,542
Definition and properties to assess multi-agent environments as social intelligence tests
cs.MA
Social intelligence in natural and artificial systems is usually measured by the evaluation of associated traits or tasks that are deemed to represent some facets of social behaviour. The amalgamation of these traits is then used to configure the intuitive notion of social intelligence. Instead, in this paper we start ...
computer science
36,543
Challenges in Bridging Social Semantics and Formal Semantics on the Web
cs.AI
This paper describes several results of Wimmics, a research lab which names stands for: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities, and semantics. The approaches introduced here rely on graph-oriented knowledge representation, reasoning and operationalization to model and support actors, actions and interac...
computer science
36,544
Classificatory Sorites, Probabilistic Supervenience, and Rule-Making
cs.AI
We view sorites in terms of stimuli acting upon a system and evoking this system's responses. Supervenience of responses on stimuli implies that they either lack tolerance (i.e., they change in every vicinity of some of the stimuli), or stimuli are not always connectable by finite chains of stimuli in which successive ...
computer science
36,545
A Multistage Stochastic Programming Approach to the Dynamic and Stochastic VRPTW - Extended version
cs.AI
We consider a dynamic vehicle routing problem with time windows and stochastic customers (DS-VRPTW), such that customers may request for services as vehicles have already started their tours. To solve this problem, the goal is to provide a decision rule for choosing, at each time step, the next action to perform in lig...
computer science
36,546
A Quantum Production Model
cs.AI
The production system is a theoretical model of computation relevant to the artificial intelligence field allowing for problem solving procedures such as hierarchical tree search. In this work we explore some of the connections between artificial intelligence and quantum computation by presenting a model for a quantum ...
computer science
36,547
An Integrated Semantic Web Service Discovery and Composition Framework
cs.AI
In this paper we present a theoretical analysis of graph-based service composition in terms of its dependency with service discovery. Driven by this analysis we define a composition framework by means of integration with fine-grained I/O service discovery that enables the generation of a graph-based composition which c...
computer science
36,548
Deep Neural Programs for Adaptive Control in Cyber-Physical Systems
cs.AI
We introduce Deep Neural Programs (DNP), a novel programming paradigm for writing adaptive controllers for cy-ber-physical systems (CPS). DNP replace if and while statements, whose discontinuity is responsible for undecidability in CPS analysis, intractability in CPS design, and frailness in CPS implementation, with th...
computer science
36,549
Advances in Artificial Intelligence: Are you sure, we are on the right track?
cs.AI
Over the past decade, AI has made a remarkable progress. It is agreed that this is due to the recently revived Deep Learning technology. Deep Learning enables to process large amounts of data using simplified neuron networks that simulate the way in which the brain works. However, there is a different point of view, wh...
computer science
36,550
Influence-Optimistic Local Values for Multiagent Planning --- Extended Version
cs.AI
Recent years have seen the development of methods for multiagent planning under uncertainty that scale to tens or even hundreds of agents. However, most of these methods either make restrictive assumptions on the problem domain, or provide approximate solutions without any guarantees on quality. Methods in the former c...
computer science
36,551
Automated Reasoning for Robot Ethics
cs.AI
Deontic logic is a very well researched branch of mathematical logic and philosophy. Various kinds of deontic logics are considered for different application domains like argumentation theory, legal reasoning, and acts in multi-agent systems. In this paper, we show how standard deontic logic can be used to model ethica...
computer science
36,552
Development of a VO Registry Subject Ontology using Automated Methods
cs.AI
We report on our initial work to automate the generation of a domain ontology using subject fields of resources held in the Virtual Observatory registry. Preliminary results are comparable to more generalized ontology learning software currently in use. We expect to be able to refine our solution to improve both the de...
computer science
36,553
OntoLoki: an automatic, instance-based method for the evaluation of biological ontologies on the Semantic Web
cs.AI
The delineation of logical definitions for each class in an ontology and the consistent application of these definitions to the assignment of instances to classes are important criteria for ontology evaluation. If ontologies are specified with property-based restrictions on class membership, then such consistency can b...
computer science
36,554
Unified vector space mapping for knowledge representation systems
cs.AI
One of the most significant problems which inhibits further developments in the areas of Knowledge Representation and Artificial Intelligence is a problem of semantic alignment or knowledge mapping. The progress in its solution will be greatly beneficial for further advances of information retrieval, ontology alignment...
computer science
36,555
An Introduction to Logics of Knowledge and Belief
cs.AI
This chapter provides an introduction to some basic concepts of epistemic logic, basic formal languages, their semantics, and proof systems. It also contains an overview of the handbook, and a brief history of epistemic logic and pointers to the literature.
computer science
36,556
Game-theoretic Approach for Non-Cooperative Planning
cs.AI
When two or more self-interested agents put their plans to execution in the same environment, conflicts may arise as a consequence, for instance, of a common utilization of resources. In this case, an agent can postpone the execution of a particular action, if this punctually solves the conflict, or it can resort to ex...
computer science
36,557
External Validity: From Do-Calculus to Transportability Across Populations
stat.ME
The generalizability of empirical findings to new environments, settings or populations, often called "external validity," is essential in most scientific explorations. This paper treats a particular problem of generalizability, called "transportability," defined as a license to transfer causal effects learned in exper...
computer science
36,558
Towards an intelligent VNS heuristic for the k-labelled spanning forest problem
cs.OH
In a currently ongoing project, we investigate a new possibility for solving the k-labelled spanning forest (kLSF) problem by an intelligent Variable Neighbourhood Search (Int-VNS) metaheuristic. In the kLSF problem we are given an undirected input graph G and an integer positive value k, and the aim is to find a spann...
computer science
36,559
Doubly Robust Policy Evaluation and Optimization
stat.ME
We study sequential decision making in environments where rewards are only partially observed, but can be modeled as a function of observed contexts and the chosen action by the decision maker. This setting, known as contextual bandits, encompasses a wide variety of applications such as health care, content recommendat...
computer science
36,560
Quantum Structure in Cognition, Origins, Developments, Successes and Expectations
cs.AI
We provide an overview of the results we have attained in the last decade on the identification of quantum structures in cognition and, more specifically, in the formalization and representation of natural concepts. We firstly discuss the quantum foundational reasons that led us to investigate the mechanisms of formati...
computer science
36,561
Hyper Temporal Networks
cs.DS
Simple Temporal Networks (STNs) provide a powerful and general tool for representing conjunctions of maximum delay constraints over ordered pairs of temporal variables. In this paper we introduce Hyper Temporal Networks (HyTNs), a strict generalization of STNs, to overcome the limitation of considering only conjunction...
computer science
36,562
Non-normal modalities in variants of Linear Logic
cs.LO
This article presents modal versions of resource-conscious logics. We concentrate on extensions of variants of Linear Logic with one minimal non-normal modality. In earlier work, where we investigated agency in multi-agent systems, we have shown that the results scale up to logics with multiple non-minimal modalities. ...
computer science
36,563
Quantum Structure of Negation and Conjunction in Human Thought
cs.AI
We analyse in this paper the data collected in a set of experiments performed on human subjects on the combination of natural concepts. We investigate the mutual influence of conceptual conjunction and negation by measuring the membership weights of a list of exemplars with respect to two concepts, e.g., 'Fruits' and '...
computer science
36,564
GeomRDF: A Geodata Converter with a Fine-Grained Structured Representation of Geometry in the Web
cs.DB
In recent years, with the advent of the web of data, a growing number of national mapping agencies tend to publish their geospatial data as Linked Data. However, differences between traditional GIS data models and Linked Data model can make the publication process more complicated. Besides, it may require, to be done, ...
computer science
36,565
Exploration of the scalability of LocFaults approach for error localization with While-loops programs
cs.AI
A model checker can produce a trace of counterexample, for an erroneous program, which is often long and difficult to understand. In general, the part about the loops is the largest among the instructions in this trace. This makes the location of errors in loops critical, to analyze errors in the overall program. In th...
computer science
36,566
Exploration of the scalability of LocFaults
cs.AI
A model checker can produce a trace of counterexample, for an erroneous program, which is often long and difficult to understand. In general, the part about the loops is the largest among the instructions in this trace. This makes the location of errors in loops critical, to analyze errors in the overall program. In th...
computer science
36,567
Data Science as a New Frontier for Design
cs.AI
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the challenge of transferring know-how, theories and methods from design research to the design processes in information science and technologies. More specifically, we shall consider a domain, namely data-science, that is becoming rapidly a globally invested research and d...
computer science
36,568
Identifying Similar Patients Using Self-Organising Maps: A Case Study on Type-1 Diabetes Self-care Survey Responses
cs.CE
Diabetes is considered a lifestyle disease and a well managed self-care plays an important role in the treatment. Clinicians often conduct surveys to understand the self-care behaviors in their patients. In this context, we propose to use Self-Organising Maps (SOM) to explore the survey data for assessing the self-care...
computer science
36,569
The concept of free will as an infinite metatheoretic recursion
cs.AI
It is argued that the concept of free will, like the concept of truth in formal languages, requires a separation between an object level and a meta-level for being consistently defined. The Jamesian two-stage model, which deconstructs free will into the causally open "free" stage with its closure in the "will" stage, i...
computer science
36,570
Geometry and Determinism of Optimal Stationary Control in Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes
math.OC
It is well known that for any finite state Markov decision process (MDP) there is a memoryless deterministic policy that maximizes the expected reward. For partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs), optimal memoryless policies are generally stochastic. We study the expected reward optimization problem ove...
computer science
36,571
A Rule-Based Short Query Intent Identification System
cs.IR
Using SMS (Short Message System), cell phones can be used to query for information about various topics. In an SMS based search system, one of the key problems is to identify a domain (broad topic) associated with the user query; so that a more comprehensive search can be carried out by the domain specific search engin...
computer science
36,572
Properties of Sparse Distributed Representations and their Application to Hierarchical Temporal Memory
cs.AI
Empirical evidence demonstrates that every region of the neocortex represents information using sparse activity patterns. This paper examines Sparse Distributed Representations (SDRs), the primary information representation strategy in Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) systems and the neocortex. We derive a number of ...
computer science
36,573
ASPeRiX, a First Order Forward Chaining Approach for Answer Set Computing
cs.LO
The natural way to use Answer Set Programming (ASP) to represent knowledge in Artificial Intelligence or to solve a combinatorial problem is to elaborate a first order logic program with default negation. In a preliminary step this program with variables is translated in an equivalent propositional one by a first tool:...
computer science
36,574
Revisable Justified Belief: Preliminary Report
cs.LO
The theory $\mathsf{CDL}$ of Conditional Doxastic Logic is the single-agent version of Board's multi-agent theory $\mathsf{BRSIC}$ of conditional belief. $\mathsf{CDL}$ may be viewed as a version of AGM belief revision theory in which Boolean combinations of revisions are expressible in the language. We introduce a the...
computer science
36,575
RecSys Challenge 2016: job recommendations based on preselection of offers and gradient boosting
cs.AI
We present the Mim-Solution's approach to the RecSys Challenge 2016, which ranked 2nd. The goal of the competition was to prepare job recommendations for the users of the website Xing.com. Our two phase algorithm consists of candidate selection followed by the candidate ranking. We ranked the candidates by the predic...
computer science
36,576
DeepBach: a Steerable Model for Bach Chorales Generation
cs.AI
This paper introduces DeepBach, a graphical model aimed at modeling polyphonic music and specifically hymn-like pieces. We claim that, after being trained on the chorale harmonizations by Johann Sebastian Bach, our model is capable of generating highly convincing chorales in the style of Bach. DeepBach's strength comes...
computer science
36,577
A New Type-II Fuzzy Logic Based Controller for Non-linear Dynamical Systems with Application to a 3-PSP Parallel Robot
cs.SY
The concept of uncertainty is posed in almost any complex system including parallel robots as an outstanding instance of dynamical robotics systems. As suggested by the name, uncertainty, is some missing information that is beyond the knowledge of human thus we may tend to handle it properly to minimize the side-effect...
computer science
36,578
N-gram Opcode Analysis for Android Malware Detection
cs.CR
Android malware has been on the rise in recent years due to the increasing popularity of Android and the proliferation of third party application markets. Emerging Android malware families are increasingly adopting sophisticated detection avoidance techniques and this calls for more effective approaches for Android mal...
computer science
36,579
Decision Theory in an Algebraic Setting
cs.AI
In decision theory an act is a function from a set of conditions to the set of real numbers. The set of conditions is a partition in some algebra of events. The expected value of an act can be calculated when a probability measure is given. We adopt an algebraic point of view by substituting the algebra of events with ...
computer science
36,580
Finding Better Active Learners for Faster Literature Reviews
cs.SE
Literature reviews can be time-consuming and tedious to complete. By cataloging and refactoring three state-of-the-art active learning techniques from evidence-based medicine and legal electronic discovery, this paper finds and implements FASTREAD, a faster technique for studying a large corpus of documents. This paper...
computer science
36,581
A Model of Multi-Agent Consensus for Vague and Uncertain Beliefs
cs.MA
Consensus formation is investigated for multi-agent systems in which agents' beliefs are both vague and uncertain. Vagueness is represented by a third truth state meaning \emph{borderline}. This is combined with a probabilistic model of uncertainty. A belief combination operator is then proposed which exploits borderli...
computer science
36,582
Reinforcement Learning With Temporal Logic Rewards
cs.AI
Reinforcement learning (RL) depends critically on the choice of reward functions used to capture the de- sired behavior and constraints of a robot. Usually, these are handcrafted by a expert designer and represent heuristics for relatively simple tasks. Real world applications typically involve more complex tasks with ...
computer science
36,583
Learning to Drive using Inverse Reinforcement Learning and Deep Q-Networks
cs.AI
We propose an inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) approach using Deep Q-Networks to extract the rewards in problems with large state spaces. We evaluate the performance of this approach in a simulation-based autonomous driving scenario. Our results resemble the intuitive relation between the reward function and readin...
computer science
36,584
Application of Advanced Record Linkage Techniques for Complex Population Reconstruction
cs.DB
Record linkage is the process of identifying records that refer to the same entities from several databases. This process is challenging because commonly no unique entity identifiers are available. Linkage therefore has to rely on partially identifying attributes, such as names and addresses of people. Recent years hav...
computer science
36,585
Algorithms for Graph-Constrained Coalition Formation in the Real World
cs.MA
Coalition formation typically involves the coming together of multiple, heterogeneous, agents to achieve both their individual and collective goals. In this paper, we focus on a special case of coalition formation known as Graph-Constrained Coalition Formation (GCCF) whereby a network connecting the agents constrains t...
computer science
36,586
Real-time interactive sequence generation and control with Recurrent Neural Network ensembles
cs.AI
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), particularly Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) RNNs, are a popular and very successful method for learning and generating sequences. However, current generative RNN techniques do not allow real-time interactive control of the sequence generation process, thus aren't well suited for live cre...
computer science
36,587
Crowdsourced Outcome Determination in Prediction Markets
cs.AI
A prediction market is a useful means of aggregating information about a future event. To function, the market needs a trusted entity who will verify the true outcome in the end. Motivated by the recent introduction of decentralized prediction markets, we introduce a mechanism that allows for the outcome to be determin...
computer science
36,588
A Comment on Argumentation
math.LO
We use the theory of defaults and their meaning of [GS16] to develop (the outline of a) new theory of argumentation.
computer science
36,589
Context and Interference Effects in the Combinations of Natural Concepts
cs.AI
The mathematical formalism of quantum theory exhibits significant effectiveness when applied to cognitive phenomena that have resisted traditional (set theoretical) modeling. Relying on a decade of research on the operational foundations of micro-physical and conceptual entities, we present a theoretical framework for ...
computer science
36,590
A modified Physarum-inspired model for the user equilibrium traffic assignment problem
cs.ET
The user equilibrium traffic assignment principle is very important in the traffic assignment problem. Mathematical programming models are designed to solve the user equilibrium problem in traditional algorithms. Recently, the Physarum shows the ability to address the user equilibrium and system optimization traffic as...
computer science
36,591
Computational Complexity of Testing Proportional Justified Representation
cs.GT
We consider a committee voting setting in which each voter approves of a subset of candidates and based on the approvals, a target number of candidates are selected. Aziz et al. (2015) proposed two representation axioms called justified representation and extended justified representation. Whereas the former can be tes...
computer science
36,592
Boolean kernels for collaborative filtering in top-N item recommendation
cs.IR
In many personalized recommendation problems available data consists only of positive interactions (implicit feedback) between users and items. This problem is also known as One-Class Collaborative Filtering (OC-CF). Linear models usually achieve state-of-the-art performances on OC-CF problems and many efforts have bee...
computer science
36,593
SampleRNN: An Unconditional End-to-End Neural Audio Generation Model
cs.SD
In this paper we propose a novel model for unconditional audio generation based on generating one audio sample at a time. We show that our model, which profits from combining memory-less modules, namely autoregressive multilayer perceptrons, and stateful recurrent neural networks in a hierarchical structure is able to ...
computer science
36,594
Curiosity-Aware Bargaining
cs.AI
Opponent modeling consists in modeling the strategy or preferences of an agent thanks to the data it provides. In the context of automated negotiation and with machine learning, it can result in an advantage so overwhelming that it may restrain some casual agents to be part of the bargaining process. We qualify as "cur...
computer science
36,595
Experimenting with recursive queries in database and logic programming systems
cs.AI
This paper considers the problem of reasoning on massive amounts of (possibly distributed) data. Presently, existing proposals show some limitations: {\em (i)} the quantity of data that can be handled contemporarily is limited, due to the fact that reasoning is generally carried out in main-memory; {\em (ii)} the inter...
computer science
36,596
Direct Optimization of Ranking Measures
cs.IR
Web page ranking and collaborative filtering require the optimization of sophisticated performance measures. Current Support Vector approaches are unable to optimize them directly and focus on pairwise comparisons instead. We present a new approach which allows direct optimization of the relevant loss functions. This i...
computer science
36,597
General-Purpose Computing on a Semantic Network Substrate
cs.AI
This article presents a model of general-purpose computing on a semantic network substrate. The concepts presented are applicable to any semantic network representation. However, due to the standards and technological infrastructure devoted to the Semantic Web effort, this article is presented from this point of view. ...
computer science
36,598
An Adaptive Strategy for the Classification of G-Protein Coupled Receptors
cs.AI
One of the major problems in computational biology is the inability of existing classification models to incorporate expanding and new domain knowledge. This problem of static classification models is addressed in this paper by the introduction of incremental learning for problems in bioinformatics. Many machine learni...
computer science
36,599
Performance Bounds for Lambda Policy Iteration and Application to the Game of Tetris
cs.AI
We consider the discrete-time infinite-horizon optimal control problem formalized by Markov Decision Processes. We revisit the work of Bertsekas and Ioffe, that introduced $\lambda$ Policy Iteration, a family of algorithms parameterized by $\lambda$ that generalizes the standard algorithms Value Iteration and Policy It...
computer science
36,600
Computer Model of a "Sense of Humour". I. General Algorithm
cs.AI
A computer model of a "sense of humour" is proposed. The humorous effect is interpreted as a specific malfunction in the course of information processing due to the need for the rapid deletion of the false version transmitted into consciousness. The biological function of a sense of humour consists in speeding up the b...
computer science
36,601
Computer Model of a "Sense of Humour". II. Realization in Neural Networks
cs.AI
The computer realization of a "sense of humour" requires the creation of an algorithm for solving the "linguistic problem", i.e. the problem of recognizing a continuous sequence of polysemantic images. Such algorithm may be realized in the Hopfield model of a neural network after its proper modification.
computer science
36,602
Comparing the notions of optimality in CP-nets, strategic games and soft constraints
cs.AI
The notion of optimality naturally arises in many areas of applied mathematics and computer science concerned with decision making. Here we consider this notion in the context of three formalisms used for different purposes in reasoning about multi-agent systems: strategic games, CP-nets, and soft constraints. To relat...
computer science
36,603
Exploration Of The Dendritic Cell Algorithm Using The Duration Calculus
cs.AI
As one of the newest members in Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), the Dendritic Cell Algorithm (DCA) has been applied to a range of problems. These applications mainly belong to the field of anomaly detection. However, real-time detection, a new challenge to anomaly detection, requires improvement on the real-time capab...
computer science
36,604
Agent Based Approaches to Engineering Autonomous Space Software
cs.MA
Current approaches to the engineering of space software such as satellite control systems are based around the development of feedback controllers using packages such as MatLab's Simulink toolbox. These provide powerful tools for engineering real time systems that adapt to changes in the environment but are limited whe...
computer science
36,605
Particle Filtering on the Audio Localization Manifold
cs.AI
We present a novel particle filtering algorithm for tracking a moving sound source using a microphone array. If there are N microphones in the array, we track all $N \choose 2$ delays with a single particle filter over time. Since it is known that tracking in high dimensions is rife with difficulties, we instead integr...
computer science
36,606
The role of semantics in mining frequent patterns from knowledge bases in description logics with rules
cs.LO
We propose a new method for mining frequent patterns in a language that combines both Semantic Web ontologies and rules. In particular we consider the setting of using a language that combines description logics with DL-safe rules. This setting is important for the practical application of data mining to the Semantic W...
computer science