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37,709 | Demonstration of Topological Data Analysis on a Quantum Processor | cs.AI | Topological data analysis offers a robust way to extract useful information
from noisy, unstructured data by identifying its underlying structure.
Recently, an efficient quantum algorithm was proposed [Lloyd, Garnerone,
Zanardi, Nat. Commun. 7, 10138 (2016)] for calculating Betti numbers of data
points -- topological f... | computer science |
37,710 | Knowledge Representation for High-Level Norms and Violation Inference in
Logic Programming | cs.MA | Most of the knowledge Representation formalisms developed for representing
prescriptive norms can be categorized as either suitable for representing
either low level or high level norms.We argue that low level norm
representations do not advance the cause of autonomy in agents in the sense
that it is not the agent itse... | computer science |
37,711 | Efficient Learning of Optimal Markov Network Topology with k-Tree
Modeling | cs.DS | The seminal work of Chow and Liu (1968) shows that approximation of a finite
probabilistic system by Markov trees can achieve the minimum information loss
with the topology of a maximum spanning tree. Our current paper generalizes the
result to Markov networks of tree width $\leq k$, for every fixed $k\geq 2$. In
parti... | computer science |
37,712 | Combinatorial framework for planning in geological exploration | cs.AI | The paper describes combinatorial framework for planning of geological
exploration for oil-gas fields. The suggested scheme of the geological
exploration involves the following stages: (1) building of special 4-layer
tree-like model (layer of geological exploration): productive layer, group of
productive layers, oil-ga... | computer science |
37,713 | CaosDB - Research Data Management for Complex, Changing, and Automated
Research Workflows | cs.DB | Here we present CaosDB, a Research Data Management System (RDMS) designed to
ensure seamless integration of inhomogeneous data sources and repositories of
legacy data. Its primary purpose is the management of data from biomedical
sciences, both from simulations and experiments during the complete research
data lifecycl... | computer science |
37,714 | Entity Retrieval and Text Mining for Online Reputation Monitoring | cs.IR | Online Reputation Monitoring (ORM) is concerned with the use of computational
tools to measure the reputation of entities online, such as politicians or
companies. In practice, current ORM methods are constrained to the generation
of data analytics reports, which aggregate statistics of popularity and
sentiment on soci... | computer science |
37,715 | Quantified Degrees of Group Responsibility (Extended Abstract) | cs.MA | This paper builds on an existing notion of group responsibility and proposes
two ways to define the degree of group responsibility: structural and
functional degrees of responsibility. These notions measure the potential
responsibilities of (agent) groups for avoiding a state of affairs. According
to these notions, a d... | computer science |
37,716 | Evaluation of Interactive Machine Learning Systems | cs.AI | The evaluation of interactive machine learning systems remains a difficult
task. These systems learn from and adapt to the human, but at the same time,
the human receives feedback and adapts to the system. Getting a clear
understanding of these subtle mechanisms of co-operation and co-adaptation is
challenging. In this... | computer science |
37,717 | Multi-optional Many-sorted Past Present Future structures and its
description | cs.LO | The cognitive theory of true conditions (CTTC) is a proposal to describe the
model-theoretic semantics of symbolic cognitive architectures and design the
implementation of cognitive abilities. The CTTC is formulated mathematically
using the multi-optional many-sorted past present future(MMPPF) structures.
This article ... | computer science |
37,718 | Symbol Emergence in Cognitive Developmental Systems: a Survey | cs.AI | Symbol emergence through a robot's own interactive exploration of the world
without human intervention has been investigated now for several decades.
However, methods that enable a machine to form symbol systems in a robust
bottom-up manner are still missing. Clearly, this shows that we still do not
have an appropriate... | computer science |
37,719 | FlashRL: A Reinforcement Learning Platform for Flash Games | cs.AI | Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a research area that has blossomed
tremendously in recent years and has shown remarkable potential in among others
successfully playing computer games. However, there only exists a few game
platforms that provide diversity in tasks and state-space needed to advance RL
algorithms. The exis... | computer science |
37,720 | Representing the Insincere: Strategically Robust Proportional
Representation | cs.GT | Proportional representation (PR) is a fundamental principle of many
democracies world-wide which employ PR-based voting rules to elect their
representatives. The normative properties of these voting rules however, are
often only understood in the context of sincere voting.
In this paper we consider PR in the presence... | computer science |
37,721 | Using deep Q-learning to understand the tax evasion behavior of
risk-averse firms | cs.AI | Designing tax policies that are effective in curbing tax evasion and maximize
state revenues requires a rigorous understanding of taxpayer behavior. This
work explores the problem of determining the strategy a self-interested,
risk-averse tax entity is expected to follow, as it "navigates" - in the
context of a Markov ... | computer science |
37,722 | An Improved Tabu Search Heuristic for Static Dial-A-Ride Problem | cs.AI | Multi-vehicle routing has become increasingly important with the rapid
development of autonomous vehicle technology. Dial-a-ride problem, a variant of
vehicle routing problem (VRP), deals with the allocation of customer requests
to vehicles, scheduling the pick-up and drop-off times and the sequence of
serving those re... | computer science |
37,723 | Bounded Policy Synthesis for POMDPs with Safe-Reachability Objectives | cs.RO | Planning robust executions under uncertainty is a fundamental challenge for
building autonomous robots. Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes
(POMDPs) provide a standard framework for modeling uncertainty in many robot
applications. A key algorithmic problem for POMDPs is policy synthesis. While
this problem h... | computer science |
37,724 | A Cross Entropy based Optimization Algorithm with Global Convergence
Guarantees | cs.AI | The cross entropy (CE) method is a model based search method to solve
optimization problems where the objective function has minimal structure. The
Monte-Carlo version of the CE method employs the naive sample averaging
technique which is inefficient, both computationally and space wise. We provide
a novel stochastic a... | computer science |
37,725 | Cluster-based Approach to Improve Affect Recognition from Passively
Sensed Data | cs.HC | Negative affect is a proxy for mental health in adults. By being able to
predict participants' negative affect states unobtrusively, researchers and
clinicians will be better positioned to deliver targeted, just-in-time mental
health interventions via mobile applications. This work attempts to personalize
the passive r... | computer science |
37,726 | Onto2Vec: joint vector-based representation of biological entities and
their ontology-based annotations | cs.AI | We propose the Onto2Vec method, an approach to learn feature vectors for
biological entities based on their annotations to biomedical ontologies. Our
method can be applied to a wide range of bioinformatics research problems such
as similarity-based prediction of interactions between proteins, classification
of interact... | computer science |
37,727 | A Critical Investigation of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Navigation | cs.RO | The navigation problem is classically approached in two steps: an exploration
step, where map-information about the environment is gathered; and an
exploitation step, where this information is used to navigate efficiently. Deep
reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms, alternatively, approach the problem of
navigation i... | computer science |
37,728 | Recent Advances in Neural Program Synthesis | cs.AI | In recent years, deep learning has made tremendous progress in a number of
fields that were previously out of reach for artificial intelligence. The
successes in these problems has led researchers to consider the possibilities
for intelligent systems to tackle a problem that humans have only recently
themselves conside... | computer science |
37,729 | To the problem of "The Instrumental complex for ontological engineering
purpose" software system design | cs.AI | The given work describes methodological principles of design instrumental
complex of ontological purpose. Instrumental complex intends for the
implementation of the integrated information technologies automated build of
domain ontologies. Results focus on enhancing the effectiveness of the
automatic analysis and unders... | computer science |
37,730 | Beyond Markov Logic: Efficient Mining of Prediction Rules in Large
Graphs | cs.DB | Graph representations of large knowledge bases may comprise billions of
edges. Usually built upon human-generated ontologies, several knowledge bases
do not feature declared ontological rules and are far from being complete.
Current rule mining approaches rely on schemata or store the graph in-memory,
which can be unfe... | computer science |
37,731 | A New Algorithmic Decision for Categorical Syllogisms via Caroll's
Diagrams | cs.AI | In this paper, we deal with a calculus system SLCD (Syllogistic Logic with
Carroll Diagrams), which gives a formal approach to logical reasoning with
diagrams, for representations of the fundamental Aristotelian categorical
propositions and show that they are closed under the syllogistic criterion of
inference which is... | computer science |
37,732 | Deep Neural Networks for Bot Detection | cs.AI | The problem of detecting bots, automated social media accounts governed by
software but disguising as human users, has strong implications. For example,
bots have been used to sway political elections by distorting online discourse,
to manipulate the stock market, or to push anti-vaccine conspiracy theories
that caused... | computer science |
37,733 | An Ontology Based Modeling Framework for Design of Educational
Technologies | cs.CY | Despite rapid progress, most of the educational technologies today lack a
strong instructional design knowledge basis leading to questionable quality of
instruction. In addition, a major challenge is to customize these educational
technologies for a wide range of instructional designs. Ontologies are one of
the pertine... | computer science |
37,734 | REAS: Combining Numerical Optimization with SAT Solving | cs.PL | In this paper, we present ReaS, a technique that combines numerical
optimization with SAT solving to synthesize unknowns in a program that involves
discrete and floating point computation. ReaS makes the program end-to-end
differentiable by smoothing any Boolean expression that introduces
discontinuity such as conditio... | computer science |
37,735 | On the Relative Succinctness of Sentential Decision Diagrams | cs.CC | Sentential decision diagrams (SDDs) introduced by Darwiche in 2011 are a
promising representation type used in knowledge compilation. The relative
succinctness of representation types is an important subject in this area. The
aim of the paper is to identify which kind of Boolean functions can be
represented by SDDs of ... | computer science |
37,736 | PlayeRank: Multi-dimensional and role-aware rating of soccer player
performance | stat.AP | The problem of rating the performance of soccer players is attracting the
interest of many companies, websites, and the scientific community, thanks to
the availability of massive data capturing all the events generated during a
game (e.g., tackles, passes, shots, etc.). Existing approaches fail to fully
exploit the ri... | computer science |
37,737 | Generating Plans that Predict Themselves | cs.RO | Collaboration requires coordination, and we coordinate by anticipating our
teammates' future actions and adapting to their plan. In some cases, our
teammates' actions early on can give us a clear idea of what the remainder of
their plan is, i.e. what action sequence we should expect. In others, they
might leave us less... | computer science |
37,738 | Value-Aware Item Weighting for Long-Tail Recommendation | cs.IR | Many recommender systems suffer from the popularity bias problem: popular
items are being recommended frequently while less popular, niche products, are
recommended rarely if not at all. However, those ignored products are exactly
the products that businesses need to find customers for and their
recommendations would b... | computer science |
37,739 | Measuring Human-perceived Similarity in Heterogeneous Collections | cs.AI | We present a technique for estimating the similarity between objects such as
movies or foods whose proper representation depends on human perception. Our
technique combines a modest number of human similarity assessments to infer a
pairwise similarity function between the objects. This similarity function
captures some... | computer science |
37,740 | Diversity is All You Need: Learning Skills without a Reward Function | cs.AI | Intelligent creatures can explore their environments and learn useful skills
without supervision. In this paper, we propose DIAYN ("Diversity is All You
Need"), a method for learning useful skills without a reward function. Our
proposed method learns skills by maximizing an information theoretic objective
using a maxim... | computer science |
37,741 | Estimating scale-invariant future in continuous time | cs.AI | Natural learners must compute an estimate of future outcomes that follow from
a stimulus in continuous time. Critically, the learner cannot in general know a
priori the relevant time scale over which meaningful relationships will be
observed. Widely used reinforcement learning algorithms discretize continuous
time and ... | computer science |
37,742 | Efficient Large-Scale Fleet Management via Multi-Agent Deep
Reinforcement Learning | cs.MA | Large-scale online ride-sharing platforms have substantially transformed our
lives by reallocating transportation resources to alleviate traffic congestion
and promote transportation efficiency. An efficient fleet management strategy
not only can significantly improve the utilization of transportation resources
but als... | computer science |
37,743 | Human and Smart Machine Co-Learning with Brain Computer Interface | cs.AI | Machine learning has become a very popular approach for cybernetics systems,
and it has always been considered important research in the Computational
Intelligence area. Nevertheless, when it comes to smart machines, it is not
just about the methodologies. We need to consider systems and cybernetics as
well as include ... | computer science |
37,744 | Predicting Natural Hazards with Neuronal Networks | eess.IV | Gravitational mass flows, such as avalanches, debris flows and rockfalls are
common events in alpine regions with high impact on transport routes. Within
the last few decades, hazard zone maps have been developed to systematically
approach this threat. These maps mark vulnerable zones in habitable areas to
allow effect... | computer science |
37,745 | Artificial Intelligence and Legal Liability | cs.AI | A recent issue of a popular computing journal asked which laws would apply if
a self-driving car killed a pedestrian. This paper considers the question of
legal liability for artificially intelligent computer systems. It discusses
whether criminal liability could ever apply; to whom it might apply; and, under
civil law... | computer science |
37,746 | Manipulating and Measuring Model Interpretability | cs.AI | Despite a growing body of research focused on creating interpretable machine
learning methods, there have been few empirical studies verifying whether
interpretable methods achieve their intended effects on end users. We present a
framework for assessing the effects of model interpretability on users via
pre-registered... | computer science |
37,747 | STRIPStream: Integrating Symbolic Planners and Blackbox Samplers | cs.AI | Many planning applications involve complex relationships defined on
high-dimensional, continuous variables. For example, robotic manipulation
requires planning with kinematic, collision, and motion constraints involving
robot configurations, object transforms, and robot trajectories. These
constraints typically require... | computer science |
37,748 | A Framework in CRM Customer Lifecycle: Identify Downward Trend and
Potential Issues Detection | cs.CY | Customer retention is one of the primary goals in the area of customer
relationship management. A mass of work exists in which machine learning models
or business rules are established to predict churn. However, targeting users at
an early stage when they start to show a downward trend is a better strategy.
In downward... | computer science |
37,749 | Can a Chatbot Determine My Diet?: Addressing Challenges of Chatbot
Application for Meal Recommendation | cs.AI | Poor nutrition can lead to reduced immunity, increased susceptibility to
disease, impaired physical and mental development, and reduced productivity. A
conversational agent can support people as a virtual coach, however building
such systems still have its associated challenges and limitations. This paper
describes the... | computer science |
37,750 | Surrogate Scoring Rules and a Dominant Truth Serum for Information
Elicitation | cs.GT | We study information elicitation without verification (IEWV) and ask the
following question: Can we achieve truthfulness in dominant strategy in IEWV?
This paper considers two elicitation settings. The first setting is when the
mechanism designer has access to a random variable that is a noisy or proxy
version of the g... | computer science |
37,751 | A Model of Free Will for Artificial Entities | cs.MA | The impression of free will is the feeling according to which our choices are
neither imposed from our inside nor from outside. It is the sense we are the
ultimate cause of our acts. In direct opposition with the universal
determinism, the existence of free will continues to be discussed. In this
paper, free will is li... | computer science |
37,752 | Self-organizing maps and generalization: an algorithmic description of
Numerosity and Variability Effects | cs.AI | Category, or property generalization is a central function in the human
cognition. It plays a crucial role in a variety of domains, such as learning,
everyday reasoning, specialized reasoning, and decision making. Judging the
content of a dish as edible, a hormone level as healthy, a building as
belonging to the same a... | computer science |
37,753 | MILE: A Multi-Level Framework for Scalable Graph Embedding | cs.AI | Recently there has been a surge of interest in designing graph embedding
methods. Few, if any, can scale to a large-sized graph with millions of nodes
due to both computational complexity and memory requirements. In this paper, we
relax this limitation by introducing the MultI-Level Embedding (MILE) framework
-- a gene... | computer science |
37,754 | Shaping Influence and Influencing Shaping: A Computational Red Teaming
Trust-based Swarm Intelligence Model | cs.AI | Sociotechnical systems are complex systems, where nonlinear interaction among
different players can obscure causal relationships. The absence of mechanisms
to help us understand how to create a change in the system makes it hard to
manage these systems.
Influencing and shaping are social operators acting on sociotech... | computer science |
37,755 | Modelling and Analysis of Temporal Preference Drifts Using A
Component-Based Factorised Latent Approach | cs.IR | The changes in user preferences can originate from substantial reasons, like
personality shift, or transient and circumstantial ones, like seasonal changes
in item popularities. Disregarding these temporal drifts in modelling user
preferences can result in unhelpful recommendations. Moreover, different
temporal pattern... | computer science |
37,756 | Generalized Binary Search For Split-Neighborly Problems | cs.AI | In sequential hypothesis testing, Generalized Binary Search (GBS) greedily
chooses the test with the highest information gain at each step. It is known
that GBS obtains the gold standard query cost of $O(\log n)$ for problems
satisfying the $k$-neighborly condition, which requires any two tests to be
connected by a seq... | computer science |
37,757 | Ab initio Algorithmic Causal Deconvolution of Intertwined Programs and
Networks by Generative Mechanism | cs.AI | To extract and learn representations leading to generative mechanisms from
data, especially without making arbitrary decisions and biased assumptions, is
a central challenge in most areas of scientific research particularly in
connection to current major limitations of influential topics and methods of
machine and deep... | computer science |
37,758 | Discovering Bayesian Market Views for Intelligent Asset Allocation | cs.AI | Along with the advance of opinion mining techniques, public mood has been
found to be a key element for stock market prediction. However, in what manner
the market participants are affected by public mood has been rarely discussed.
As a result, there has been little progress in leveraging public mood for the
asset allo... | computer science |
37,759 | Identifying Sources and Sinks in the Presence of Multiple Agents with
Gaussian Process Vector Calculus | cs.MA | In systems of multiple agents, identifying the cause of observed agent
dynamics is challenging. Often, these agents operate in diverse, non-stationary
environments, where models rely on hand-crafted environment-specific features
to infer influential regions in the system's surroundings. To overcome the
limitations of t... | computer science |
37,760 | Verification of Markov Decision Processes with Risk-Sensitive Measures | cs.AI | We develop a method for computing policies in Markov decision processes with
risk-sensitive measures subject to temporal logic constraints. Specifically, we
use a particular risk-sensitive measure from cumulative prospect theory, which
has been previously adopted in psychology and economics. The nonlinear
transformatio... | computer science |
37,761 | Integrating Human-Provided Information Into Belief State Representation
Using Dynamic Factorization | cs.AI | In partially observed environments, it can be useful for a human to provide
the robot with declarative information that augments its direct sensory
observations. For instance, given a robot on a search-and-rescue mission, a
human operator might suggest locations of interest. We provide a representation
for the robot's ... | computer science |
37,762 | Representation Learning in Partially Observable Environments using
Sensorimotor Prediction | cs.AI | In order to explore and act autonomously in an environment, an agent needs to
learn from the sensorimotor information that is captured while acting. By
extracting the regularities in this sensorimotor stream, it can learn a model
of the world, which in turn can be used as a basis for action and exploration.
This requ... | computer science |
37,763 | Q-CP: Learning Action Values for Cooperative Planning | cs.RO | Research on multi-robot systems has demonstrated promising results in
manifold applications and domains. Still, efficiently learning an effective
robot behaviors is very difficult, due to unstructured scenarios, high
uncertainties, and large state dimensionality (e.g. hyper-redundant and groups
of robot). To alleviate ... | computer science |
37,764 | Proceedings 6th International Workshop on Theorem proving components for
Educational software | cs.AI | The 6th International Workshop on Theorem proving components for Educational
software (ThEdu'17) was held in Gothenburg, Sweden, on 6 Aug 2017. It was
associated to the conference CADE26. Topics of interest include: methods of
automated deduction applied to checking students' input; methods of automated
deduction appli... | computer science |
37,765 | Optimization with Gradient-Boosted Trees and Risk Control | math.OC | Decision trees effectively represent the sparse, high dimensional and noisy
nature of chemical data from experiments. Having learned a function from this
data, we may want to thereafter optimize the function, e.g., picking the best
chemical process catalyst. In this way, we may repurpose legacy predictive
models. This ... | computer science |
37,766 | Model-Free Control for Distributed Stream Data Processing using Deep
Reinforcement Learning | cs.DC | In this paper, we focus on general-purpose Distributed Stream Data Processing
Systems (DSDPSs), which deal with processing of unbounded streams of continuous
data at scale distributedly in real or near-real time. A fundamental problem in
a DSDPS is the scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing average
end-to-... | computer science |
37,767 | Localization under Topological Uncertainty for Lane Identification of
Autonomous Vehicles | cs.RO | Autonomous vehicles (AVs) require accurate metric and topological location
estimates for safe, effective navigation and decision-making. Although many
high-definition (HD) roadmaps exist, they are not always accurate since public
roads are dynamic, shaped unpredictably by both human activity and nature.
Thus, AVs must ... | computer science |
37,768 | Cooperative Tracking of Cyclists Based on Smart Devices and
Infrastructure | cs.CY | In future traffic scenarios, vehicles and other traffic participants will be
interconnected and equipped with various types of sensors, allowing for
cooperation based on data or information exchange. This article presents an
approach to cooperative tracking of cyclists using smart devices and
infrastructure-based senso... | computer science |
37,769 | MIRIAM: A Multimodal Chat-Based Interface for Autonomous Systems | cs.AI | We present MIRIAM (Multimodal Intelligent inteRactIon for Autonomous
systeMs), a multimodal interface to support situation awareness of autonomous
vehicles through chat-based interaction. The user is able to chat about the
vehicle's plan, objectives, previous activities and mission progress. The
system is mixed initiat... | computer science |
37,770 | Optimal Stochastic Package Delivery Planning with Deadline: A
Cardinality Minimization in Routing | cs.AI | Vehicle Routing Problem with Private fleet and common Carrier (VRPPC) has
been proposed to help a supplier manage package delivery services from a single
depot to multiple customers. Most of the existing VRPPC works consider
deterministic parameters which may not be practical and uncertainty has to be
taken into accoun... | computer science |
37,771 | Synthesizing Neural Network Controllers with Probabilistic Model based
Reinforcement Learning | cs.RO | We present an algorithm for rapidly learning controllers for robotics
systems. The algorithm follows the model-based reinforcement learning paradigm,
and improves upon existing algorithms; namely Probabilistic learning in Control
(PILCO) and a sample-based version of PILCO with neural network dynamics
(Deep-PILCO). We ... | computer science |
37,772 | Billion-scale Commodity Embedding for E-commerce Recommendation in
Alibaba | cs.IR | Recommender systems (RSs) have been the most important technology for
increasing the business in Taobao, the largest online consumer-to-consumer
(C2C) platform in China. The billion-scale data in Taobao creates three major
challenges to Taobao's RS: scalability, sparsity and cold start. In this paper,
we present our te... | computer science |
37,773 | GPSP: Graph Partition and Space Projection based Approach for
Heterogeneous Network Embedding | cs.SI | In this paper, we propose GPSP, a novel Graph Partition and Space Projection
based approach, to learn the representation of a heterogeneous network that
consists of multiple types of nodes and links. Concretely, we first partition
the heterogeneous network into homogeneous and bipartite subnetworks. Then, the
projectiv... | computer science |
37,774 | Realizing Intelligence | cs.AI | Order exists in the world. The intelligence process enables us to realize
that order, to some extent. We provide a high level description of intelligence
using simple definitions, basic building blocks, a conceptual framework and
general hierarchy. This perspective includes multiple levels of abstraction
occurring in s... | computer science |
37,775 | Value Alignment, Fair Play, and the Rights of Service Robots | cs.CY | Ethics and safety research in artificial intelligence is increasingly framed
in terms of "alignment" with human values and interests. I argue that Turing's
call for "fair play for machines" is an early and often overlooked contribution
to the alignment literature. Turing's appeal to fair play suggests a need to
correct... | computer science |
37,776 | Simultaneous Task Allocation and Planning Under Uncertainty | cs.AI | We propose novel techniques for task allocation and planning in multi-robot
systems operating in uncertain environments. Task allocation is performed
simultaneously with planning, which provides more detailed information about
individual robot behaviour, but also exploits the independence between tasks to
do so efficie... | computer science |
37,777 | DeepCAS: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for Control-Aware
Scheduling | cs.SY | We consider networked control systems consisting of multiple independent
closed-loop control subsystems, operating over a shared communication network.
Such systems are ubiquitous in cyber-physical systems, Internet of Things, and
large-scale industrial systems. In many large-scale settings, the size of the
communicati... | computer science |
37,778 | A Deep Learning Based Behavioral Approach to Indoor Autonomous
Navigation | cs.AI | We present a semantically rich graph representation for indoor robotic
navigation. Our graph representation encodes: semantic locations such as
offices or corridors as nodes, and navigational behaviors such as enter office
or cross a corridor as edges. In particular, our navigational behaviors operate
directly from vis... | computer science |
37,779 | Predicting Crime Using Spatial Features | cs.AI | Our study aims to build a machine learning model for crime prediction using
geospatial features for different categories of crime. The reverse geocoding
technique is applied to retrieve open street map (OSM) spatial data. This study
also proposes finding hotpoints extracted from crime hotspots area found by
Hierarchica... | computer science |
37,780 | Multi-Sensor Conflict Measurement and Information Fusion | eess.SP | In sensing applications where multiple sensors observe the same scene, fusing
sensor outputs can provide improved results. However, if some of the sensors
are providing lower quality outputs, the fused results can be degraded. In this
work, a multi-sensor conflict measure is proposed which estimates multi-sensor
confli... | computer science |
37,781 | On Cryptographic Attacks Using Backdoors for SAT | cs.AI | Propositional satisfiability (SAT) is at the nucleus of state-of-the-art
approaches to a variety of computationally hard problems, one of which is
cryptanalysis. Moreover, a number of practical applications of SAT can only be
tackled efficiently by identifying and exploiting a subset of formula's
variables called backd... | computer science |
37,782 | Beyond Patient Monitoring: Conversational Agents Role in Telemedicine &
Healthcare Support For Home-Living Elderly Individuals | cs.CY | There is a need for systems to dynamically interact with ageing populations
to gather information, monitor health condition and provide support, especially
after hospital discharge or at-home settings. Several smart devices have been
delivered by digital health, bundled with telemedicine systems, smartphone and
other d... | computer science |
37,783 | Heuristics for vehicle routing problems: Sequence or set optimization? | math.OC | We investigate a structural decomposition for the capacitated vehicle routing
problem (CVRP) based on vehicle-to-customer "assignment" and visits
"sequencing" decision variables. We show that an heuristic search focused on
assignment decisions with a systematic optimal choice of sequences (using
Concorde TSP solver) du... | computer science |
37,784 | ORGaNICs: A Theory of Working Memory in Brains and Machines | cs.AI | Working memory is a cognitive process that is responsible for temporarily
holding and manipulating information. Most of the empirical neuroscience
research on working memory has focused on measuring sustained activity in
prefrontal cortex (PFC) and/or parietal cortex during simple delayed-response
tasks, and most of th... | computer science |
37,785 | Tell Me Why Is It So? Explaining Knowledge Graph Relationships by
Finding Descriptive Support Passages | cs.AI | We address the problem of finding descriptive explanations of facts stored in
a knowledge graph. This is important in high-risk domains such as healthcare,
intelligence, etc. where users need additional information for decision making
and is especially crucial for applications that rely on automatically
constructed kno... | computer science |
37,786 | Viewpoint: Artificial Intelligence and Labour | cs.CY | The welfare of modern societies has been intrinsically linked to wage labour.
With some exceptions, the modern human has to sell her labour-power to be able
reproduce biologically and socially. Thus, a lingering fear of technological
unemployment features predominately as a theme among Artificial Intelligence
researche... | computer science |
37,787 | Artificial Intelligence Enabled Software Defined Networking: A
Comprehensive Overview | cs.AI | In recent years, the increased demand for dynamic management of network
resources in modern computer networks in general and in today's data centers in
particular has resulted in a new promising architecture, in which a more
flexible controlling functionalities can be achieved with high level of
abstraction. In softwar... | computer science |
37,788 | Blaming humans in autonomous vehicle accidents: Shared responsibility
across levels of automation | cs.AI | When a semi-autonomous car crashes and harms someone, how are blame and
causal responsibility distributed across the human and machine drivers? In this
article, we consider cases in which a pedestrian was hit and killed by a car
being operated under shared control of a primary and a secondary driver. We
find that when ... | computer science |
37,789 | Closing the AI Knowledge Gap | cs.CY | AI researchers employ not only the scientific method, but also methodology
from mathematics and engineering. However, the use of the scientific method -
specifically hypothesis testing - in AI is typically conducted in service of
engineering objectives. Growing interest in topics such as fairness and
algorithmic bias s... | computer science |
37,790 | The Three Pillars of Machine-Based Programming | cs.AI | In this position paper, we describe our vision of the future of machine-based
programming through a categorical examination of three pillars of research.
Those pillars are: (i) intention, (ii) invention, and(iii) adaptation.
Intention emphasizes advancements in the human-to-computer and
computer-to-machine-learning int... | computer science |
37,791 | Ontology-Based Reasoning about the Trustworthiness of Cyber-Physical
Systems | cs.CR | It has been challenging for the technical and regulatory communities to
formulate requirements for trustworthiness of the cyber-physical systems (CPS)
due to the complexity of the issues associated with their design, deployment,
and operations. The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
through a pub... | computer science |
37,792 | Enslaving the Algorithm: From a "Right to an Explanation" to a "Right to
Better Decisions"? | cs.AI | As concerns about unfairness and discrimination in "black box" machine
learning systems rise, a legal "right to an explanation" has emerged as a
compellingly attractive approach for challenge and redress. We outline recent
debates on the limited provisions in European data protection law, and
introduce and analyze newe... | computer science |
37,793 | A framework for Culture-aware Robots based on Fuzzy Logic | cs.RO | Cultural adaptation, i.e., the matching of a robot's behaviours to the
cultural norms and preferences of its user, is a well known key requirement for
the success of any assistive application. However, culture-dependent robot
behaviours are often implicitly set by designers, thus not allowing for an easy
and automatic ... | computer science |
37,794 | Particle Swarm Optimization: An efficient method for tracing periodic
orbits in 3D galactic potentials | cs.NA | We propose the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) as an alternative method for
locating periodic orbits in a three--dimensional (3D) model of barred galaxies.
We develop an appropriate scheme that transforms the problem of finding
periodic orbits into the problem of detecting global minimizers of a function,
which is de... | computer science |
37,795 | Ocular dominance patterns in mammalian visual cortex: A wire length
minimization approach | cs.NE | We propose a theory for ocular dominance (OD) patterns in mammalian primary
visual cortex. This theory is based on the premise that OD pattern is an
adaptation to minimize the length of intra-cortical wiring. Thus we can
understand the existing OD patterns by solving a wire length minimization
problem. We divide all th... | computer science |
37,796 | Linking Microscopic and Macroscopic Models for Evolution: Markov Chain
Network Training and Conservation Law Approximations | cs.CE | In this paper, a general framework for the analysis of a connection between
the training of artificial neural networks via the dynamics of Markov chains
and the approximation of conservation law equations is proposed. This framework
allows us to demonstrate an intrinsic link between microscopic and macroscopic
models f... | computer science |
37,797 | Genetic Algorithms in Time-Dependent Environments | cs.NE | The influence of time-dependent fitnesses on the infinite population dynamics
of simple genetic algorithms (without crossover) is analyzed. Based on general
arguments, a schematic phase diagram is constructed that allows one to
characterize the asymptotic states in dependence on the mutation rate and the
time scale of ... | computer science |
37,798 | Adaptive evolution on neutral networks | cs.NE | We study the evolution of large but finite asexual populations evolving in
fitness landscapes in which all mutations are either neutral or strongly
deleterious. We demonstrate that despite the absence of higher fitness
genotypes, adaptation takes place as regions with more advantageous
distributions of neutral genotype... | computer science |
37,799 | The importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes | cs.NE | Based on a calculation of neural decoherence rates, we argue that that the
degrees of freedom of the human brain that relate to cognitive processes should
be thought of as a classical rather than quantum system, i.e., that there is
nothing fundamentally wrong with the current classical approach to neural
network simula... | computer science |
37,800 | Selective pressures on genomes in molecular evolution | cs.NE | We describe the evolution of macromolecules as an information transmission
process and apply tools from Shannon information theory to it. This allows us
to isolate three independent, competing selective pressures that we term
compression, transmission, and neutrality selection. The first two affect
genome length: the p... | computer science |
37,801 | Network Structure and Dynamics, and Emergence of Robustness by
Stabilizing Selection in an Artificial Genome | cs.NE | Genetic regulation is a key component in development, but a clear
understanding of the structure and dynamics of genetic networks is not yet at
hand. In this work we investigate these properties within an artificial genome
model originally introduced by Reil. We analyze statistical properties of
randomly generated geno... | computer science |
37,802 | Emergent Network Structure, evolvable Robustness and non-linear Effects
of Point Mutations in an Artificial Genome Model | cs.NE | Genetic regulation is a key component in development, but a clear
understanding of the structure and dynamics of genetic networks is not yet at
hand. In this paper we investigate these properties within an artificial genome
model originally introduced by Reil (1999). We analyze statistical properties
of randomly genera... | computer science |
37,803 | Evolutionary method for finding communities in bipartite networks | cs.NE | An important step in unveiling the relation between network structure and
dynamics defined on networks is to detect communities, and numerous methods
have been developed separately to identify community structure in different
classes of networks, such as unipartite networks, bipartite networks, and
directed networks. W... | computer science |
37,804 | Biologically Inspired Design Principles for Scalable, Robust, Adaptive,
Decentralized Search and Automated Response (RADAR) | cs.NE | Distributed search problems are ubiquitous in Artificial Life (ALife). Many
distributed search problems require identifying a rare and previously unseen
event and producing a rapid response. This challenge amounts to finding and
removing an unknown needle in a very large haystack. Traditional computational
search model... | computer science |
37,805 | Optimization hardness as transient chaos in an analog approach to
constraint satisfaction | cs.CC | Boolean satisfiability [1] (k-SAT) is one of the most studied optimization
problems, as an efficient (that is, polynomial-time) solution to k-SAT (for
$k\geq 3$) implies efficient solutions to a large number of hard optimization
problems [2,3]. Here we propose a mapping of k-SAT into a deterministic
continuous-time dyn... | computer science |
37,806 | Monotonicity of Fitness Landscapes and Mutation Rate Control | cs.IT | The typical view in evolutionary biology is that mutation rates are
minimised. Contrary to that view, studies in combinatorial optimisation and
search have shown a clear advantage of using variable mutation rates as a
control parameter to optimise the performance of evolutionary algorithms.
Ronald Fisher's work is the ... | computer science |
37,807 | DNA Reservoir Computing: A Novel Molecular Computing Approach | cs.NE | We propose a novel molecular computing approach based on reservoir computing.
In reservoir computing, a dynamical core, called a reservoir, is perturbed with
an external input signal while a readout layer maps the reservoir dynamics to a
target output. Computation takes place as a transformation from the input space
to... | computer science |
37,808 | Learning, Generalization, and Functional Entropy in Random Automata
Networks | cs.NE | It has been shown \citep{broeck90:physicalreview,patarnello87:europhys} that
feedforward Boolean networks can learn to perform specific simple tasks and
generalize well if only a subset of the learning examples is provided for
learning. Here, we extend this body of work and show experimentally that random
Boolean netwo... | computer science |
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