problem
stringlengths
17
4.31k
solution
stringlengths
68
6.77k
answer
stringlengths
0
159
Find the ordered pair $(a,b)$ of integers such that \[\sqrt{9 - 8 \sin 50^\circ} = a + b \csc 50^\circ.\]
We write \[9 - 8 \sin 50^\circ = \frac{9 \sin^2 50^\circ - 8 \sin^3 50^\circ}{\sin^2 50^\circ} = \frac{9 \sin^2 50^\circ - 6 \sin 50^\circ + 6 \sin 50^\circ - 8 \sin^3 50^\circ}{\sin^2 50^\circ}.\]By the triple angle identity, \begin{align*} 6 \sin 50^\circ - 8 \sin^3 50^\circ &= 2 \sin (3 \cdot 50^\circ) \\ &= 2 \sin ...
(3,-1)
Find the smallest positive integer $k$ such that $ z^{10} + z^9 + z^6+z^5+z^4+z+1 $ divides $z^k-1$.
First, we factor the given polynomial. The polynomial has almost all the powers of $z$ from 1 to $z^6,$ which we can fill in by adding and subtracting $z^2$ and $z^3.$ This allows us to factor as follows: \begin{align*} z^{10} + z^9 + z^6 + z^5 + z^4 + z + 1 &= (z^{10} - z^3) + (z^9 - z^2) + (z^6 + z^5 + z^4 + z^3 + ...
84
If \[\sin x + \cos x + \tan x + \cot x + \sec x + \csc x = 7,\]then find $\sin 2x.$
Expressing everything in terms of $\sin x$ and $\cos x,$ we get \[\sin x + \cos x + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\cos x}{\sin x} + \frac{1}{\sin x} + \frac{1}{\cos x} = 7.\]Then \[\sin x + \cos x + \frac{\sin^2 x + \cos^2 x}{\sin x \cos x} + \frac{\sin x + \cos x}{\sin x \cos x} = 7,\]which becomes \[\sin x + \cos x +...
22 - 8 \sqrt{7}
Define the sequence $a_1, a_2, a_3, \ldots$ by $a_n = \sum\limits_{k=1}^n \sin{k}$, where $k$ represents radian measure. Find the index of the 100th term for which $a_n < 0$.
By the product-to-sum formula, \[\sin \frac{1}{2} \sin k = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \cos \left( k - \frac{1}{2} \right) - \cos \left( k + \frac{1}{2} \right) \right].\]Thus, we can make the sum in the problem telescope: \begin{align*} a_n &= \sum_{k = 1}^n \sin k \\ &= \sum_{k = 1}^n \frac{\sin \frac{1}{2} \sin k}{\sin \frac...
628