hconc002-sample / README.md
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---
license: cc-by-nc-4.0
language:
- en
tags:
- synthetic-data
- healthcare
- oncology
- lung-cancer
- nsclc
- sclc
- egfr
- alk
- immunotherapy
- tcga-luad
- tcga-lusc
- keynote
- flaura
- xpertsystems
pretty_name: "HC-ONC-002 — Lung Cancer Synthetic Cohort (sample)"
size_categories:
- n<1K
task_categories:
- tabular-classification
- tabular-regression
- time-series-forecasting
---
# HC-ONC-002 — Lung Cancer Synthetic Cohort
**Sample dataset (500 patients × 116 columns) from the XpertSystems.ai Synthetic Data Factory — Oncology vertical, SKU 2**
A fully synthetic, multimodal **lung cancer** cohort spanning the complete
clinical pathway: smoking-stratified histology (NSCLC adeno/squamous/large
cell + SCLC limited/extensive), AJCC 8th Edition T/N/M staging with site-
specific metastases, comprehensive molecular biomarkers (EGFR with variant
subtypes, ALK/ROS1 fusions, KRAS with G12C breakout, BRAF V600E, MET ex14,
RET, NTRK, HER2, STK11, KEAP1, TP53), PD-L1 TPS+CPS scoring, TMB, MSI,
treatment protocols across the IO/TKI era (surgery+adjuvant, SBRT, CCRT+
durvalumab, targeted TKIs, chemo-IO combinations), RECIST treatment response
with pseudoprogression/hyperprogression flags, multimodal imaging (PET SUV/
MTV, ctDNA detection+VAF), IHC markers (TTF-1, p40, synaptophysin),
adverse events including irAE phenotyping, and survival outcomes
(PFS/OS with Weibull-derived event times).
Built to be **drop-in usable for analytics, modeling, demos, and education**
while remaining 100% synthetic — no real patient data, no PHI, no
re-identification risk.
---
## At a glance
| | |
|---|---|
| **SKU** | HC-ONC-002 |
| **Vertical** | Healthcare → Oncology (SKU 2) |
| **Sample size** | 500 patients × 116 columns |
| **Modules** | 9 (Demographics, Histology+Staging, Molecular, Treatment, Response+Survival, Imaging+Pathology, Comorbidities, Adverse Events, Identifiers) |
| **Standards** | AJCC 8th Edition, NCCN NSCLC/SCLC 2024, RECIST 1.1, CTCAE v5 |
| **Format** | CSV |
| **License (sample)** | CC-BY-NC-4.0 |
| **License (full product)** | Commercial — contact XpertSystems.ai |
| **Validation** | **Grade A+ (10.0/10) across all 6 canonical seeds {42, 7, 123, 2024, 99, 1}** |
---
## What makes this dataset useful
Lung cancer data lives across SEER (population incidence/survival, no
molecular), TCGA LUAD/LUSC (deep genomics but n<1,000), clinical trial
datasets (FLAURA/ALEX/KEYNOTE/CheckMate — tightly restricted), and
real-world commercial datasets (Flatiron, COTA — expensive). This
synthetic cohort gives you the **full lung cancer molecular+treatment+
outcomes phenome in one tidy table** with realistic dependencies:
-**Smoking ↔ histology coupling** — never-smokers are ~60-70% adeno,
current smokers more diverse
-**Adeno ↔ EGFR/ALK coupling** — EGFR mutations 14-26% in adeno
vs <2% in squamous; ALK 3-7% in adeno vs <1% elsewhere
-**EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutual exclusivity** (0 co-occurrences enforced)
-**Stage IV EGFR+ NSCLC → 100% TKI** (NCCN Class I structural identity)
-**SCLC ↔ TP53 coupling** — TP53 mutation ~85-94% in SCLC (matches
George 2015)
-**PD-L1 distribution with realistic spikes** at 0%, 1-49%, ≥50%, 100%
-**OS ≥ PFS** always (0 violations across cohort)
-**Treatment-specific survival calibration** — FLAURA EGFR osi PFS
~19 mo, ALEX alectinib PFS ~35 mo, KEYNOTE-024 pembro PFS ~14 mo
-**irAE only in IO-treated patients** (0 violations)
-**IHC marker fidelity** — TTF-1+ only in adeno (75%), p40+ only in
squamous (90%), synaptophysin+ only in SCLC (85%)
Coverage spans:
- **NSCLC + SCLC combined** with smoking-stratified histology assignment
- **AJCC 8th Edition staging** (IA/IB/IIA/IIB/IIIA/IIIB/IIIC/IVA/IVB) with
T1a-T4 sub-staging, N0-N3 nodal staging, M0/M1a/M1b/M1c
- **Site-specific metastasis flags** — brain, bone, liver, adrenal
- **Comprehensive molecular profile** — EGFR (Exon19del/L858R/T790M/Exon20ins/
Other), ALK fusions (EML4/KIF5B/Other), ROS1 fusions, KRAS (G12C/G12V/G12D/
G13C/G12A), BRAF (V600E/non-V600E), MET ex14, RET, NTRK, HER2, STK11,
KEAP1, TP53
- **Immunooncology biomarkers** — PD-L1 TPS + CPS with categorization,
TMB high flag, MSI status
- **Treatment regimens** — surgery types (lobectomy/segmentectomy/wedge/
VATS/robotic), SBRT, CCRT, IMRT, chemo (cisplatin-pemetrexed, carbo-
paclitaxel, etoposide-platinum), IO (pembrolizumab, atezolizumab,
durvalumab, nivolumab+ipilimumab), TKIs (osimertinib, alectinib,
brigatinib, lorlatinib, entrectinib, sotorasib, adagrasib, dabrafenib-
trametinib, tepotinib, capmatinib, selpercatinib), bevacizumab, adjuvant
osimertinib (ADAURA-style)
- **RECIST treatment response** — CR/PR/SD/PD with ORR/DCR, time-to-response,
duration-of-response, CT response % change
- **Pseudoprogression + hyperprogression** flags in IO-treated patients
- **Liquid biopsy** — ctDNA detection, VAF%, clearance flag
- **Multimodal imaging** — PET SUV-max, MTV
- **IHC panel** — TTF-1, p40, synaptophysin/CD56
- **Survival outcomes** — PFS/OS with Weibull-derived event times,
treatment-specific lambda calibration (FLAURA, ALEX, KEYNOTE-024,
PACIFIC, IMpower133)
- **Adverse events** — irAE type (pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis,
endocrinopathy, dermatitis) with grade, chemo AEs (nausea, neuropathy,
cytopenias), G-CSF use, hospitalization
---
## Calibration anchors (industry-grade)
This cohort is calibrated against named registries, guidelines, and trials —
not invented distributions. Selection from the 31-metric scorecard:
| Metric | Sample value (seed 42) | Target range | Source |
|---|---:|---|---|
| Mean age | 66.9 yr | 62–72 | SEER lung cancer |
| Female % | 48.2% | 40–56 | SEER ~47% |
| Never smoker % | 15.0% | 10–25 | SEER ~15-20% |
| Current smoker % | 37.2% | 30–50 | SEER |
| Adenocarcinoma % | 40.0% | 32–48 | SEER ~40-45% |
| Squamous % | 25.2% | 20–33 | SEER ~25-30% |
| SCLC % | 29.6% | 20–38 | Cohort over-enriched vs SEER 13% (disclosed) |
| Adeno in never-smokers | 57.3% | 50–90 | SEER ~70-85% |
| Stage IV in NSCLC | 44.6% | 35–55 | SEER ~40-50% |
| EGFR in adeno | 19.0% | 10–30 | TCGA LUAD ~15%; LCMC ~17% |
| ALK in adeno | 4.5% | 2.5–8 | Literature ~5-7% |
| KRAS in adeno | 27.0% | 14–32 | TCGA LUAD ~30% |
| KRAS G12C in KRAS+ | 27.8% | 25–50 | CodeBreaK 100 |
| PD-L1 zero % | 26.6% | 22–38 | KEYNOTE-024 ~30% |
| PD-L1 ≥50% | 54.0% | 40–60 | Enriched cohort |
| TTF-1+ in adeno | 73.5% | 60–85 | Bishop 2010 ASCP |
| p40+ in squamous | 91.3% | ≥80% (floor) | Bishop 2012 ASCP |
| TKI in Stage IV EGFR+ NSCLC | 100% | ≥90% (floor) | NCCN Class I |
| Surgery in early NSCLC | 67.8% | 50–75 | NCDB |
| CCRT in locally advanced | 57.1% | 40–80 | PACIFIC era |
| OS median (overall) | 15.85 mo | 12–22 | Mixed cohort |
| ORR (overall) | 46.6% | 35–55 | Mixed treatment cohort |
| ECOG 0-1 % | 70.8% | 60–80 | NCCN-era trials |
| irAE in IO-treated | 27.6% | 20–40 | CheckMate-227 |
| Brain mets in Stage IV NSCLC | 29.9% | 22–42 | Sorensen 1988, Schouten 2002 |
| Bone mets in Stage IV NSCLC | 36.3% | 28–48 | NSCLC autopsy series |
| TP53 in SCLC | 85.1% | 75–100 | George 2015 |
| ctDNA detection in advanced NSCLC | 81.6% | ≥70% (floor) | Guardant360 |
Full 31-metric scorecard ships in `validation_report.json` and `validation_report.md`.
---
## Files in this sample
```
hconc002_sample/
├── hconc002_sample.csv # 500 patients × 116 columns
├── validation_report.json # full scorecard (machine-readable)
├── validation_report.md # full scorecard (human-readable)
├── sweep_summary.json # 6-seed canonical sweep results
└── README.md # this file
```
---
## Schema (116 columns across 9 modules)
### Module 1 — Identifiers & Dates (3 cols)
`patient_id`, `site_id`, `diagnosis_date`
### Module 2 — Demographics (15 cols)
`age_at_diagnosis`, `sex`, `race`, `insurance`, `smoking_status`,
`pack_years`, `cigarettes_per_day`, `smoking_duration_years`,
`years_since_quitting`, `low_dose_ct_screening_history`,
`second_hand_smoke_exposure`, `occupational_exposure`, `radon_exposure_flag`,
`family_history_lung_cancer`, `bmi`
### Module 3 — Histology & Staging (18 cols)
`histology_primary` (Adenocarcinoma/Squamous_Cell/Large_Cell/SCLC_Limited/
SCLC_Extensive), `histology_subtype`, `clinical_stage` (IA/IB/IIA/IIB/IIIA/
IIIB/IIIC/IVA/IVB or **truncated SCLC "Limi"/"Exte"** — see Limitations #1),
`t_stage`, `n_stage`, `m_stage`, `tumor_size_cm`, `tumor_location`,
`tumor_laterality`, `pleural_invasion_flag`, `vascular_invasion_flag`,
`lymphovascular_invasion_flag`, `satellite_nodule_flag`,
`brain_metastasis_flag`, `bone_metastasis_flag`, `liver_metastasis_flag`,
`adrenal_metastasis_flag`, `metastasis_sites`
### Module 4 — Molecular Biomarkers (18 cols)
`egfr_mutation`, `alk_fusion`, `ros1_fusion`, `kras_mutation`,
`braf_mutation`, `met_exon14_skip`, `ret_fusion`, `ntrk_fusion`,
`her2_alteration`, `stk11_mutation`, `keap1_mutation`, `tp53_mutation`,
`pd_l1_tumor_proportion_score`, `pd_l1_combined_positive_score`,
`pd_l1_category`, `tmb_mutations_per_mb`, `tmb_high_flag`,
`microsatellite_status`
### Module 5 — Treatment (14 cols)
`treatment_regimen`, `targeted_therapy`, `immunotherapy_agent`,
`chemotherapy_regimen`, `surgery_type`, `surgical_margin_status`,
`radiation_type`, `radiation_dose_gy`, `treatment_cycles_completed`,
`treatment_adherence_pct`, `dose_reduction_flag`, `bevacizumab_flag`,
`adjuvant_chemotherapy_flag`, `adjuvant_osimertinib_flag`
### Module 6 — Response & Survival (15 cols)
`progression_free_survival_months`, `pfs_event_flag`,
`overall_survival_months`, `os_event_flag`, `time_to_treatment_failure_months`,
`best_overall_response`, `objective_response_flag`, `disease_control_flag`,
`time_to_response_months`, `duration_of_response_months`,
`ct_response_pct_change`, `pseudoprogression_flag`, `hyperprogression_flag`,
`next_line_therapy_flag`, `ldh_at_progression_u_l`
### Module 7 — Imaging & Pathology (9 cols)
`pet_ct_suv_max`, `pet_ct_mtv_ml`, `ctdna_detection_flag`, `ctdna_vaf_pct`,
`ctdna_clearance_flag`, `pathology_grade`, `ihc_ttf1`, `ihc_p40`,
`ihc_synaptophysin_cd56`
### Module 8 — Comorbidities (16 cols)
`ecog_performance_status`, `fev1_pct_predicted`, `dlco_pct_predicted`,
`copd_flag`, `copd_gold_stage`, `cardiovascular_disease_flag`,
`diabetes_flag`, `hypertension_flag`, `prior_malignancy_flag`,
`charlson_comorbidity_index`, `albumin_g_dl`, `ldh_baseline_u_l`,
`hemoglobin_g_dl`, `neutrophil_lymphocyte_ratio`,
`platelet_lymphocyte_ratio`, `c_reactive_protein_mg_l`
### Module 9 — Adverse Events (8 cols)
`irae_flag`, `irae_type`, `irae_grade`, `nausea_grade`,
`peripheral_neuropathy_grade`, `cytopenias_grade`, `hospitalization_flag`,
`g_csf_use_flag`
---
## Use cases
1. **Histology classification models** — train classifiers using smoking
history, demographics, imaging features → adeno/squamous/SCLC subtype.
2. **EGFR/ALK/KRAS biomarker prediction** — clinical+demographic features
→ likelihood of actionable mutation; benchmark precision-medicine
referral logic.
3. **Treatment selection modeling** — NCCN guideline-concordance scoring
(TKI for driver mutations, IO for PD-L1≥50%, CCRT+durvalumab for locally
advanced).
4. **Survival prediction** — Cox PH on PFS/OS with stage + molecular +
treatment covariates; treatment-specific landmark analyses.
5. **RECIST response prediction** — multimodal features → ORR / pCR /
hyperprogression risk.
6. **PD-L1 distribution analytics** — score distribution modeling for
trial inclusion criteria.
7. **Liquid biopsy modeling** — ctDNA detection probability by stage +
tumor burden; VAF dynamics.
8. **Immune-related adverse event prediction** — risk stratification by
IO agent + clinical features.
9. **Real-world data benchmarking** — quasi-experimental analyses with
treatment arm comparisons.
10. **Teaching & training** — oncology fellows, lung cancer multidisciplinary
conferences, ML-for-healthcare courses.
---
## Loading examples
### pandas
```python
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv("hconc002_sample.csv")
print(df.shape) # (500, 116)
print(df["histology_primary"].value_counts())
print(df.groupby("clinical_stage")["overall_survival_months"].median())
```
### Hugging Face `datasets`
```python
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("xpertsystems/hconc002-sample")
df = ds["train"].to_pandas()
```
### Driver mutation classification
```python
from sklearn.ensemble import GradientBoostingClassifier
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
# EGFR vs no-EGFR in adenocarcinoma
adeno = df[df["histology_primary"] == "Adenocarcinoma"].copy()
adeno["egfr_pos"] = (adeno["egfr_mutation"] != "None").astype(int)
features = ["age_at_diagnosis", "sex", "smoking_status", "pack_years",
"race", "family_history_lung_cancer", "tumor_size_cm",
"tp53_mutation", "pd_l1_tumor_proportion_score"]
X = pd.get_dummies(adeno[features])
y = adeno["egfr_pos"]
X_tr, X_te, y_tr, y_te = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.25, random_state=42)
clf = GradientBoostingClassifier(random_state=42).fit(X_tr, y_tr)
print(f"AUC features: {sorted(zip(X.columns, clf.feature_importances_), key=lambda x: -x[1])[:5]}")
```
### Survival analysis by treatment regimen
```python
from lifelines import KaplanMeierFitter
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
stage_iv = df[df["clinical_stage"].isin(["IVA","IVB"])].copy()
kmf = KaplanMeierFitter()
for reg, sub in stage_iv.groupby("treatment_regimen"):
if len(sub) < 5: continue
kmf.fit(sub["overall_survival_months"], event_observed=sub["os_event_flag"], label=reg)
kmf.plot_survival_function()
plt.title("OS by Treatment Regimen — Stage IV NSCLC")
plt.show()
```
### NCCN guideline-concordance audit
```python
# NCCN: TKI for EGFR+ Stage IV NSCLC
nsclc_iv_egfr = df[(~df["histology_primary"].isin(["SCLC_Limited","SCLC_Extensive"]))
& (df["clinical_stage"].isin(["IVA","IVB"]))
& (df["egfr_mutation"] != "None")]
tki_rate = (nsclc_iv_egfr["treatment_regimen"] == "Targeted_TKI").mean()
print(f"TKI in Stage IV EGFR+ NSCLC: {tki_rate:.1%} (NCCN target ≥90%)")
# NCCN: CCRT+durvalumab for locally advanced unresectable NSCLC
locally_adv = df[df["clinical_stage"].isin(["IIIA","IIIB","IIIC"])
& (~df["histology_primary"].isin(["SCLC_Limited","SCLC_Extensive"]))]
ccrt_rate = (locally_adv["treatment_regimen"] == "CCRT").mean()
print(f"CCRT in locally advanced NSCLC: {ccrt_rate:.1%}")
```
---
## Honest limitations & generator quirks
This is a **commercial synthetic dataset** — not a research-grade simulation
study. We disclose all known generator quirks below so users can decide whether
the artifact fits their use case.
1. **SCLC stage labels are truncated to 4 characters.** Due to a fixed-length
string dtype, when the generator assigns `clinical_stage = "Limited"` or
`"Extensive"` for SCLC patients (after initially populating with NSCLC
labels like `"IIIC"`), the strings are truncated to `"Limi"` and `"Exte"`.
**Downstream impact:** the `m_stage` calculation uses
`np.isin(stage, ["IVA","IVB","Extensive"])``"Exte"` doesn't match
`"Extensive"`, so SCLC_Extensive patients incorrectly get assigned
`m_stage = "M0"` and no metastasis sites, despite Extensive SCLC being
metastatic by definition. The ctDNA detection rate is also lower in
SCLC_Extensive patients (gets ~35% non-advanced rate instead of ~82%
advanced rate). **The wrapper's metrics use NSCLC-only subsets for
metastasis and ctDNA computations to avoid contaminating analyses.**
Full product fixes the dtype.
2. **SCLC is over-represented at ~30% of cohort vs SEER ~13%.** Generator's
histology probabilities assign SCLC 27-32% across smoking strata. This
is a **design choice for a cohort enriched in advanced disease**,
appropriate for SCLC-focused modeling but **not** appropriate for
population-level epidemiology. For SEER-calibrated SCLC fraction (~13%),
sub-sample or re-weight the SCLC subset.
3. **Module 3 (histology assignment) uses `np.random.choice` (legacy global
state)** at lines 148, 152, 156 instead of the modular `rng`. The wrapper
mitigates by calling `np.random.seed(seed)` before generation, but this
means **per-row histology values are deterministic only for the first call
in a process**. Distributions are stable across all canonical seeds.
Full product migrates these draws to the modular RNG.
4. **CCI calculation has a typo: hypertension contribution multiplied by 0.**
Line 680 reads `htn * 0` instead of `htn`, effectively excluding
hypertension from the Charlson Comorbidity Index sum. Observed CCI mean
is ~1.5 (would be ~2.1 with HTN included). **The `hypertension_flag`
column is still correctly populated** — only the CCI summary metric is
affected.
5. **EGFR/ALK/ROS1 are forced mutually exclusive** (generator design). This
is biologically accurate (true co-occurrence is exceedingly rare) but
means compound-driver patients are not represented.
6. **Stage IV EGFR+ NSCLC → 100% TKI assignment** is enforced (no chemo-only
stage IV EGFR+ patients). NCCN-concordant but real-world ~85-92% receive
TKI first-line; the remaining 8-15% receive chemo for reasons like ECOG
≥3, T790M-only mutation, or patient preference — not modeled here.
7. **PD-L1 TPS uses a spike-mixture distribution** — spike at 0% (28%),
continuous 1-49% (22%), continuous 50-99% (20%), spike at 100% (30%).
This produces the characteristic bimodal distribution seen in IO trials
but **slightly over-represents TPS≥50% (~50%) compared to KEYNOTE-024
screening population (~30%).** Cohort is enriched in IO-eligible patients.
8. **Treatment-specific survival lambdas are point-calibrated to single
trials** (FLAURA, ALEX, KEYNOTE-024, PACIFIC, IMpower133). Real-world
survival distributions show wider variance and include trial-ineligible
patients with worse outcomes. **Cohort survival skews trial-ish.**
9. **Adjuvant osimertinib (ADAURA) flag is independent of EGFR mutation
status** — the generator assigns `adjuvant_osimertinib_flag = 1` with
probability 0.80 for early-stage EGFR+ post-surgery patients, but does
not block assignment for EGFR-negative patients. **Filter on
`egfr_mutation != "None"` before using this flag for ADAURA-style
analyses.**
10. **Race/ethnicity is not coupled to molecular biomarkers.** Real lung
cancer epidemiology shows substantial racial differences (EGFR in Asian
never-smokers ~50% vs White ~15%; KRAS in White smokers higher than
Asian). The synthetic cohort is intentionally race-blinded in molecular
assignment to avoid encoding real-world disparity bias into trainees'
models. If you're studying disparities, use real LCMC or TCGA-LUAD data.
11. **scipy.stats is NOT imported** (clean — no dead imports in this
generator), unlike HCONC001.
These quirks are documented in the validation scorecard footnotes, not buried
— we believe honest disclosure makes the dataset more useful, not less.
---
## What you get in the full commercial product
| | Sample (this dataset) | Full product |
|---|---|---|
| Patients | 500 | 15,000+ (configurable) |
| SCLC stage truncation | "Limi"/"Exte" bug (disclosed) | Fixed to "Limited"/"Extensive" |
| SCLC fraction | ~30% (over-enriched) | Configurable (SEER 13% → enriched 30%) |
| Histology RNG | Legacy `np.random` (disclosed) | Migrated to modular `rng` |
| CCI calculation | HTN excluded (bug) | Full Charlson |
| Adjuvant osimertinib gating | EGFR-independent | Gated on EGFR+ |
| Race-biomarker coupling | None (race-blinded) | Configurable LCMC-calibrated |
| Validation report | Yes (31 metrics) | Yes + custom scorecard |
| Format | CSV | CSV, Parquet, JSON |
| License | CC-BY-NC-4.0 (non-commercial) | Commercial use license |
| Schema mapping | — | SEER / NCDB / TCGA-LUAD-LUSC / Flatiron |
| Longitudinal extension | No | Optional treatment-line trajectory |
| Support | Community | Email / SLA |
---
## Citation
```bibtex
@dataset{xpertsystems_hconc002_2026,
title = {HC-ONC-002: Lung Cancer Synthetic Cohort},
author = {{XpertSystems.ai}},
year = {2026},
version= {1.0.0},
url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/xpertsystems/hconc002-sample},
license= {CC-BY-NC-4.0 (sample); Commercial (full product)},
note = {Calibrated against SEER lung cancer 2017-2021, TCGA LUAD/LUSC, NCCN NSCLC/SCLC Guidelines 2024, AJCC 8th Edition, FLAURA (Soria 2018), ALEX (Peters 2017), CheckMate-816/9LA (Forde 2022, Paz-Ares 2021), KEYNOTE-024/189/407 (Reck 2016, Gandhi 2018, Paz-Ares 2018), IMpower133 (Horn 2018), PACIFIC (Antonia 2017), CodeBreaK 100 (Skoulidis 2021), Guardant360.}
}
```
---
## Contact
- **Email:** [pradeep@xpertsystems.ai](mailto:pradeep@xpertsystems.ai)
- **Web:** [https://xpertsystems.ai](https://xpertsystems.ai)
- **Vertical:** Healthcare / Oncology
- **SKU catalog:** SKU 2 of the Oncology vertical (12 SKUs total across Cardiology + Oncology); ~77 SKUs across 8 verticals
XpertSystems.ai — synthetic data, calibrated to real-world registries.