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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What is der Saxon Gärten in Polnisch ?
| 0.375
|
fd0ab1a1-866d-4d10-8b97-e6e8d83898ee
|
Ogród Saski
|
Warsaw
|
[
"Nearby, in Ogród Saski (the Saxon Garden), the Summer Theatre was in operation from 1870 to 1939, and in the inter-war period, the theatre complex also included Momus, Warsaw's first literary cabaret, and Leon Schiller's musical theatre Melodram. The Wojciech Bogusławski Theatre (1922–26), was the best example of \"Polish monumental theatre\". From the mid-1930s, the Great Theatre building housed the Upati Institute of Dramatic Arts – the first state-run academy of dramatic art, with an acting department and a stage directing department."
] |
57339c16d058e614000b5ec5
|
cb708607-0d8c-4d15-9aef-7c835671794e
|
Who won die Ekstraklasa-Meisterschaft Ekstraklasa-Meisterschaft in 2000 ?
| 0.5
|
41d60642-4613-4274-bdf7-4ae4a2a56402
|
Polonia Warsaw
|
Warsaw
|
[
"Their local rivals, Polonia Warsaw, have significantly fewer supporters, yet they managed to win Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000. They also won the country’s championship in 1946, and won the cup twice as well. Polonia's home venue is located at Konwiktorska Street, a ten-minute walk north from the Old Town. Polonia was relegated from the country's top flight in 2013 because of their disastrous financial situation. They are now playing in the 4th league (5th tier in Poland) -the bottom professional league in the National – Polish Football Association (PZPN) structure."
] |
5733a32bd058e614000b5f32
|
cb708607-0d8c-4d15-9aef-7c835671794e
|
What Art of Stadt has Warschau been for as long as it's been a city ?
| 0.1875
|
6746216d-a567-4916-b0f7-729be4642b0c
|
multi-cultural
|
Warsaw
|
[
"Throughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city. According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants. Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%). This led to construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in all parts of the town. Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. After the war, the new communist authorities of Poland discouraged church construction and only a small number were rebuilt."
] |
57338007d058e614000b5bda
|
cb708607-0d8c-4d15-9aef-7c835671794e
|
What is die grundlegende Verwaltungseinheit of territorial Verwaltungseinheit in Polen ?
| 0.454545
|
84aa0e37-7efc-42a2-9fc2-031e32e0e2cf
|
commune
|
Warsaw
|
[
"The basic unit of territorial division in Poland is a commune (gmina). A city is also a commune – but with the city charter. Both cities and communes are governed by a mayor – but in the communes the mayor is vogt (wójt in Polish), however in the cities – burmistrz. Some bigger cities obtain the entitlements, i.e. tasks and privileges, which are possessed by the units of the second level of the territorial division – counties or powiats. An example of such entitlement is a car registration: a gmina cannot register cars, this is a powiat's task (i.e. a registration number depends on what powiat a car had been registered, not gmina). In this case we say about city county or powiat grodzki. Such cities are for example Lublin, Kraków, Gdańsk, Poznań. In Warsaw, its districts additionally have some of powiat's entitlements – like already mentioned car registration. For example, the district Wola has its own evidence and the district Ursynów – its own (and the cars from Wola have another type of registration number than these from Ursynów). But for instance the districts in Kraków do not have entitlements of powiat, so the registration numbers in Kraków are of the same type for all districts."
] |
573380e0d058e614000b5be9
|
cb708607-0d8c-4d15-9aef-7c835671794e
|
When was Warsaw's first Börse exchange established ?
| 0.125
|
52ec2d25-d95c-4665-bb83-9af4ab60dc83
|
1817
|
Warsaw
|
[
"Warsaw's first stock exchange was established in 1817 and continued trading until World War II. It was re-established in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy. Today, the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according to many indicators, the largest market in the region, with 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 mln EUR as of 31 August 2009. From 1991 until 2000, the stock exchange was, ironically, located in the building previously used as the headquarters of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR)."
] |
5733834ed058e614000b5c26
|
cb708607-0d8c-4d15-9aef-7c835671794e
|
What Zweig of theoretischen Informatik Informatik deals with broadly Beziehungsklassenifying theoretischen Rechenproblemen by Schwierigkeit und class of Beziehungsklassen ?
| 0.526316
|
f0189a48-0206-40ff-be69-b966ba124561
|
Computational complexity theory
|
Computational_complexity_theory
|
[
"Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other. A computational problem is understood to be a task that is in principle amenable to being solved by a computer, which is equivalent to stating that the problem may be solved by mechanical application of mathematical steps, such as an algorithm."
] |
56e16182e3433e1400422e28
|
56cb5f5e-e55d-4d0c-a563-461d6c633091
|
In einem computeintional Rechenproblemen , what ceinem be described as a String over an Alphabet ?
| 0.375
|
fc0d385e-8133-40a7-b55d-2d35c1459be5
|
problem instance
|
Computational_complexity_theory
|
[
"When considering computational problems, a problem instance is a string over an alphabet. Usually, the alphabet is taken to be the binary alphabet (i.e., the set {0,1}), and thus the strings are bitstrings. As in a real-world computer, mathematical objects other than bitstrings must be suitably encoded. For example, integers can be represented in binary notation, and graphs can be encoded directly via their adjacency matrices, or by encoding their adjacency lists in binary."
] |
56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0
|
56cb5f5e-e55d-4d0c-a563-461d6c633091
|
How can function Funktionsprobleme typically be restated ?
| 0.125
|
7c4c5661-ae6a-4d35-8928-7ef8b128e006
|
as decision problems
|
Computational_complexity_theory
|
[
"It is tempting to think that the notion of function problems is much richer than the notion of decision problems. However, this is not really the case, since function problems can be recast as decision problems. For example, the multiplication of two integers can be expressed as the set of triples (a, b, c) such that the relation a × b = c holds. Deciding whether a given triple is a member of this set corresponds to solving the problem of multiplying two numbers."
] |
56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e
|
56cb5f5e-e55d-4d0c-a563-461d6c633091
|
die Zeit required to output eine Antwort on einer deterministischen Turing Turing-Maschine is expressed as what ?
| 0.411765
|
b04da725-20fe-4877-8d6e-d83f745c717c
|
state transitions
|
Computational_complexity_theory
|
[
"For a precise definition of what it means to solve a problem using a given amount of time and space, a computational model such as the deterministic Turing machine is used. The time required by a deterministic Turing machine M on input x is the total number of state transitions, or steps, the machine makes before it halts and outputs the answer (\"yes\" or \"no\"). A Turing machine M is said to operate within time f(n), if the time required by M on each input of length n is at most f(n). A decision problem A can be solved in time f(n) if there exists a Turing machine operating in time f(n) that solves the problem. Since complexity theory is interested in classifying problems based on their difficulty, one defines sets of problems based on some criteria. For instance, the set of problems solvable within time f(n) on a deterministic Turing machine is then denoted by DTIME(f(n))."
] |
56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3
|
56cb5f5e-e55d-4d0c-a563-461d6c633091
|
What is die unbewiesene Annahme generally ascribed to the Wert of Komplexitätsklassen Komplexitätsklassen ?
| 0.428571
|
1e222cc8-2a1d-48a1-bc04-1d2b061a73d9
|
suspected to be unequal
|
Computational_complexity_theory
|
[
"Many known complexity classes are suspected to be unequal, but this has not been proved. For instance P ⊆ NP ⊆ PP ⊆ PSPACE, but it is possible that P = PSPACE. If P is not equal to NP, then P is not equal to PSPACE either. Since there are many known complexity classes between P and PSPACE, such as RP, BPP, PP, BQP, MA, PH, etc., it is possible that all these complexity classes collapse to one class. Proving that any of these classes are unequal would be a major breakthrough in complexity theory."
] |
56e1ee4de3433e1400423210
|
56cb5f5e-e55d-4d0c-a563-461d6c633091
|
Where does südkalifornische California's megalopolis standard in terms of population nationwide ?
| 0.083333
|
7a5982c3-40e4-45be-a247-cab8817f62b4
|
third
|
Southern_California
|
[
"Southern California consists of a heavily developed urban environment, home to some of the largest urban areas in the state, along with vast areas that have been left undeveloped. It is the third most populated megalopolis in the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways. The dominant areas are Los Angeles, Orange County, San Diego, and Riverside-San Bernardino, each of which is the center of its respective metropolitan area, composed of numerous smaller cities and communities. The urban area is also host to an international metropolitan region in the form of San Diego–Tijuana, created by the urban area spilling over into Baja California."
] |
5705f7c875f01819005e77dc
|
1687aebe-2166-4db8-a867-844f97e4c1e1
|
What is den Begriff associated with the acht Gebieten that make up a part of southern Südkalifornien ?
| 0.277778
|
57b056c2-8c4e-43a9-8741-c5e73c385956
|
Metropolitan Statistical Areas
|
Southern_California
|
[
"Southern California consists of one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions. The region is home to two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million in population. These are the Greater Los Angeles Area at 17,786,419, and San Diego–Tijuana at 5,105,768. Of these metropolitan areas, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan area, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area, and Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura metropolitan area form Greater Los Angeles; while the El Centro metropolitan area and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos metropolitan area form the Southern Border Region. North of Greater Los Angeles are the Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Bakersfield metropolitan areas."
] |
5706074552bb8914006897d4
|
1687aebe-2166-4db8-a867-844f97e4c1e1
|
What is der second busiest Flughafen in den United Staaten ?
| 0.363636
|
221f7639-dcac-4256-b60f-0d1912c3e948
|
Los Angeles International Airport
|
Southern_California
|
[
"Southern California is home to Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic) and the third by international passenger volume (see Busiest airports in the United States by international passenger traffic); San Diego International Airport the busiest single runway airport in the world; Van Nuys Airport, the world's busiest general aviation airport; major commercial airports at Orange County, Bakersfield, Ontario, Burbank and Long Beach; and numerous smaller commercial and general aviation airports."
] |
570610b275f01819005e792a
|
1687aebe-2166-4db8-a867-844f97e4c1e1
|
Die Los Angeles Rams are ein Beispiel of what Art of Sportmannschaft Sportmannschaft ?
| 0.642857
|
02150643-6625-4053-88a1-e1c103c66407
|
NFL
|
Southern_California
|
[
"Professional sports teams in Southern California include teams from the NFL (Los Angeles Rams, San Diego Chargers); NBA (Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers); MLB (Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, San Diego Padres); NHL (Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS (LA Galaxy)."
] |
5706143575f01819005e7950
|
1687aebe-2166-4db8-a867-844f97e4c1e1
|
Which Team was suspended from der MLS ?
| 0.375
|
448c4168-7d25-4d0e-9cc9-dbe2e84614d1
|
Chivas
|
Southern_California
|
[
"From 2005 to 2014, there were two Major League Soccer teams in Los Angeles — the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA — that both played at the StubHub Center and were local rivals. However, Chivas were suspended following the 2014 MLS season, with a second MLS team scheduled to return in 2018."
] |
5706149552bb891400689880
|
1687aebe-2166-4db8-a867-844f97e4c1e1
|
What are BSkyB's standard Sendungen broadcasts compliant with ?
| 0.222222
|
57ed3f54-b52e-4e1c-bb8e-2fae79f9de61
|
DVB-compliant MPEG-2
|
Sky_(United_Kingdom)
|
[
"BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts are in DVB-compliant MPEG-2, with the Sky Movies and Sky Box Office channels including optional Dolby Digital soundtracks for recent films, although these are only accessible with a Sky+ box. Sky+ HD material is broadcast using MPEG-4 and most of the HD material uses the DVB-S2 standard. Interactive services and 7-day EPG use the proprietary OpenTV system, with set-top boxes including modems for a return path. Sky News, amongst other channels, provides a pseudo-video on demand interactive service by broadcasting looping video streams."
] |
570966e0200fba1400367f4f
|
19cfedd3-b8e9-499a-8af0-a4732316041a
|
When was Sky Digital launched ?
| 0.333333
|
d9e668c2-93e9-46d2-9432-238dd0cf81c9
|
1998
|
Sky_(United_Kingdom)
|
[
"When Sky Digital was launched in 1998 the new service used the Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5°E orbital position, unlike the analogue service which was broadcast from 19.2°E. This was subsequently followed by more Astra satellites as well as Eutelsat's Eurobird 1 (now Eutelsat 33C) at 28.5°E), enabled the company to launch a new all-digital service, Sky, with the potential to carry hundreds of television and radio channels. The old position was shared with broadcasters from several European countries, while the new position at 28.5°E came to be used almost exclusively for channels that broadcast to the United Kingdom."
] |
570967c4ed30961900e840ba
|
19cfedd3-b8e9-499a-8af0-a4732316041a
|
When did BSkyB announce it's intention to replace it's free-to-air digital channels ?
| 0.076923
|
1be13352-c807-4476-a978-26707d766300
|
8 February 2007
|
Sky_(United_Kingdom)
|
[
"On 8 February 2007, BSkyB announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels. It was proposed that these channels would offer a range of content from the BSkyB portfolio including sport (including English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news. The announcement came a day after Setanta Sports confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that NTL's services re-branded as Virgin Media. However, industry sources believe BSkyB will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from Freeview and replace them with subscription channels, due to possible lost advertising revenue."
] |
57096b66200fba1400367fa7
|
19cfedd3-b8e9-499a-8af0-a4732316041a
|
What did Alec Shelbrooke propose payments of Beihilfen to be made on ?
| 0.230769
|
bdcd4d48-b52a-4553-93aa-c610e04423ed
|
Welfare Cash Card
|
Sky_(United_Kingdom)
|
[
"The Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012 that the UK government's benefits agency was checking claimants' \"Sky TV bills to establish if a woman in receipt of benefits as a single mother is wrongly claiming to be living alone\" – as, it claimed, subscription to sports channels would betray a man's presence in the household. In December, the UK’s parliament heard a claim that a subscription to BSkyB was ‘often damaging’, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling. Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke was proposing the payments of benefits and tax credits on a \"Welfare Cash Card\", in the style of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, that could be used to buy only \"essentials\"."
] |
57097c8fed30961900e841f2
|
19cfedd3-b8e9-499a-8af0-a4732316041a
|
What were die jährlichen Sendegebühren Sendegebühren for die Kanäle ?
| 0.6
|
b9faa8e0-2176-433e-abed-2d659c42e354
|
£30m
|
Sky_(United_Kingdom)
|
[
"The agreements include fixed annual carriage fees of £30m for the channels with both channel suppliers able to secure additional capped payments if their channels meet certain performance-related targets. Currently there is no indication as to whether the new deal includes the additional Video On Demand and High Definition content which had previously been offered by BSkyB. As part of the agreements, both BSkyB and Virgin Media agreed to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to the carriage of their respective basic channels."
] |
57097d63ed30961900e841fc
|
19cfedd3-b8e9-499a-8af0-a4732316041a
|
What politische Partei is strongest in Melbournes's working Arbeitervororten suburbs ?
| 0.363636
|
263dfddb-628e-4178-ba37-a8f6d608f3c4
|
Australian Labor Party
|
Victoria_(Australia)
|
[
"The centre-left Australian Labor Party (ALP), the centre-right Liberal Party of Australia, the rural-based National Party of Australia, and the environmentalist Australian Greens are Victoria's main political parties. Traditionally, Labor is strongest in Melbourne's working class western and northern suburbs, and the regional cities of Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. The Liberals' main support lies in Melbourne's more affluent eastern and outer suburbs, and some rural and regional centres. The Nationals are strongest in Victoria's North Western and Eastern rural regional areas. The Greens, who won their first lower house seats in 2014, are strongest in inner Melbourne."
] |
570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3
|
a96d1e88-5e63-416b-8774-6b763745b2f9
|
When did Victoria enact its Verfassung ?
| 0.285714
|
8d431228-e5a8-4cf6-9db6-b0b5fce5e225
|
1975
|
Victoria_(Australia)
|
[
"Victoria has a written constitution enacted in 1975, but based on the 1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855, which establishes the Parliament as the state's law-making body for matters coming under state responsibility. The Victorian Constitution can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria, except for certain \"entrenched\" provisions that require either an absolute majority in both houses, a three-fifths majority in both houses, or the approval of the Victorian people in a referendum, depending on the provision."
] |
570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf
|
a96d1e88-5e63-416b-8774-6b763745b2f9
|
What Art of Produktionsstätte Produktionsstätte is Victoria soon losing ?
| 0.4
|
57f7fa89-7f30-4ee3-874c-8c19664c7823
|
major car brands
|
Victoria_(Australia)
|
[
"Historically, Victoria has been the base for the manufacturing plants of the major car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden; however, closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no longer be a base for the global car industry, with Toyota's statement in February 2014 outlining a closure year of 2017. Holden's announcement occurred in May 2013, followed by Ford's decision in December of the same year (Ford's Victorian plants—in Broadmeadows and Geelong—will close in October 2016)."
] |
570d3468b3d812140066d543
|
a96d1e88-5e63-416b-8774-6b763745b2f9
|
What is die Spurweite of the Victorian Eisenbahnstrecken Eisenbahnstrecken ?
| 0.4
|
ee885167-0b90-4545-b2bb-5fdcbd9f251b
|
1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge
|
Victoria_(Australia)
|
[
"There are also several smaller freight operators and numerous tourist railways operating over lines which were once parts of a state-owned system. Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes, as well as a number of branch lines in the west of the state have been converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge. Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge lines, which are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines which were built in mountainous areas."
] |
570d47b8b3d812140066d62d
|
a96d1e88-5e63-416b-8774-6b763745b2f9
|
When was die Kolonie of New South Wales founded ?
| 0.5
|
dbb79cf2-09ec-439f-9b36-b3a7832f25c4
|
1788
|
Victoria_(Australia)
|
[
"After the founding of the colony of New South Wales in 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales and a western half named New Holland, under the administration of the colonial government in Sydney. The first European settlement in the area later known as Victoria was established in October 1803 under Lieutenant-Governor David Collins at Sullivan Bay on Port Phillip. It consisted of 402 people (5 Government officials, 9 officers of marines, 2 drummers, and 39 privates, 5 soldiers' wives, and a child, 307 convicts, 17 convicts' wives, and 7 children). They had been sent from England in HMS Calcutta under the command of Captain Daniel Woodriff, principally out of fear that the French, who had been exploring the area, might establish their own settlement and thereby challenge British rights to the continent."
] |
570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13
|
a96d1e88-5e63-416b-8774-6b763745b2f9
|
What Proklamation abolished Protestantismus in Frankreich ?
| 0.428571
|
a353a08d-4dda-4751-88c5-0ed7fd6b4bc4
|
Edict of Fontainebleau
|
Huguenot
|
[
"Renewed religious warfare in the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat. They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes until the rule of Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), which abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France, and forced the Huguenots to convert. While nearly three-quarters eventually were killed or submitted, roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century[citation needed]."
] |
57107d73b654c5140001f91d
|
b2f726de-7bc1-4164-91a0-7c7536ace9a2
|
In what englischen Kolonie were Huguenot Siedlern promised Land ?
| 0.4
|
ba1fe57a-d874-42f7-b48f-01d7c0a063a3
|
Virginia
|
Huguenot
|
[
"In 1700 several hundred French Huguenots migrated from England to the colony of Virginia, where the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County. When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls of the James River, at the abandoned Monacan village known as Manakin Town, now in Powhatan County. Some settlers landed in present-day Chesterfield County. On 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown. Of the original 390 settlers in the isolated settlement, many had died; others lived outside town on farms in the English style; and others moved to different areas. Gradually they intermarried with their English neighbors. Through the 18th and 19th centuries, descendants of the French migrated west into the Piedmont, and across the Appalachian Mountains into the West of what became Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, and other states. In the Manakintown area, the Huguenot Memorial Bridge across the James River and Huguenot Road were named in their honor, as were many local features, including several schools, including Huguenot High School."
] |
5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a
|
b2f726de-7bc1-4164-91a0-7c7536ace9a2
|
Who was one französischer reformwilliger-reform Roman Catholic of the 15th century ?
| 0.166667
|
738f4504-4a56-4e59-bb84-ab0856e920d6
|
Jacques Lefevre
|
Huguenot
|
[
"Other predecessors of the Reformed church included the pro-reform and Gallican Roman Catholics, such as Jacques Lefevre (c. 1455–1536). The Gallicans briefly achieved independence for the French church, on the principle that the religion of France could not be controlled by the Bishop of Rome, a foreign power. During the Protestant Reformation, Lefevre, a professor at the University of Paris, published his French translation of the New Testament in 1523, followed by the whole Bible in the French language in 1530. William Farel was a student of Lefevre who went on to become a leader of the Swiss Reformation, establishing a Protestant government in Geneva. Jean Cauvin (John Calvin), another student at the University of Paris, also converted to Protestantism. Long after the sect was suppressed by Francis I, the remaining French Waldensians, then mostly in the Luberon region, sought to join William Farel, Calvin and the Reformation, and Olivetan published a French Bible for them. The French Confession of 1559 shows a decidedly Calvinistic influence. Sometime between 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots.[citation needed]"
] |
57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6
|
b2f726de-7bc1-4164-91a0-7c7536ace9a2
|
How did Hugenotten evolve derir religiösen Ansichten in the New Welt ?
| 0.416667
|
3337690f-341e-41f2-9829-9b66556386d2
|
affiliated with other Protestant denominations
|
Huguenot
|
[
"Most of the Huguenot congregations (or individuals) in North America eventually affiliated with other Protestant denominations with more numerous members. The Huguenots adapted quickly and often married outside their immediate French communities, which led to their assimilation. Their descendants in many families continued to use French first names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century. Assimilated, the French made numerous contributions to United States economic life, especially as merchants and artisans in the late Colonial and early Federal periods. For example, E.I. du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier, established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills."
] |
57111713a58dae1900cd6c00
|
b2f726de-7bc1-4164-91a0-7c7536ace9a2
|
What deutsche Herrscher invited Huguenot Einwanderung ?
| 0.428571
|
233f875e-d367-421d-8dc9-da1a18807057
|
Frederick William
|
Huguenot
|
[
"Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, invited Huguenots to settle in his realms, and a number of their descendants rose to positions of prominence in Prussia. Several prominent German military, cultural, and political figures were ethnic Huguenot, including poet Theodor Fontane, General Hermann von François, the hero of the First World War Battle of Tannenberg, Luftwaffe General and fighter ace Adolf Galland, Luftwaffe flying ace Hans-Joachim Marseille, and famed U-boat captain Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière. The last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic, Lothar de Maizière, is also a descendant of a Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Maizière."
] |
57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50
|
b2f726de-7bc1-4164-91a0-7c7536ace9a2
|
What is die gewöhnliche Wärmequelle of Wärmequelle for Aufkochen Wasser in der Dampfmaschine Dampfmaschine ?
| 0.6
|
f1b18ecf-0fb8-4ec7-a546-ec83e9e499ac
|
burning combustible materials
|
Steam_engine
|
[
"The heat required for boiling the water and supplying the steam can be derived from various sources, most commonly from burning combustible materials with an appropriate supply of air in a closed space (called variously combustion chamber, firebox). In some cases the heat source is a nuclear reactor, geothermal energy, solar energy or waste heat from an internal combustion engine or industrial process. In the case of model or toy steam engines, the heat source can be an electric heating element."
] |
571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e
|
5d0b6178-556b-42a7-9160-c61cc58c450a
|
What Messgerät is used to examine Dampfmaschine Dampfmaschine Leistung ?
| 0.4
|
14183b1b-be54-42e5-872a-5a6f0f5f5b45
|
steam engine indicator
|
Steam_engine
|
[
"The most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines is the steam engine indicator. Early versions were in use by 1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862. The steam engine indicator traces on paper the pressure in the cylinder throughout the cycle, which can be used to spot various problems and calculate developed horsepower. It was routinely used by engineers, mechanics and insurance inspectors. The engine indicator can also be used on internal combustion engines. See image of indicator diagram below (in Types of motor units section)."
] |
57114667a58dae1900cd6d80
|
5d0b6178-556b-42a7-9160-c61cc58c450a
|
What limits des Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses's efficiency ?
| 0.428571
|
a8fba5a9-a690-45b2-b9ac-0141693ed44f
|
working fluid
|
Steam_engine
|
[
"The efficiency of a Rankine cycle is usually limited by the working fluid. Without the pressure reaching supercritical levels for the working fluid, the temperature range the cycle can operate over is quite small; in steam turbines, turbine entry temperatures are typically 565 °C (the creep limit of stainless steel) and condenser temperatures are around 30 °C. This gives a theoretical Carnot efficiency of about 63% compared with an actual efficiency of 42% for a modern coal-fired power station. This low turbine entry temperature (compared with a gas turbine) is why the Rankine cycle is often used as a bottoming cycle in combined-cycle gas turbine power stations.[citation needed]"
] |
57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b
|
5d0b6178-556b-42a7-9160-c61cc58c450a
|
Wheinert modernene Unternehmen has been notably working on a Dampfmaschine Dampfmaschine using modern Materialien ?
| 0.466667
|
fe76dd40-f54e-4390-a709-bf0fd0b40a60
|
Energiprojekt AB
|
Steam_engine
|
[
"Although the reciprocating steam engine is no longer in widespread commercial use, various companies are exploring or exploiting the potential of the engine as an alternative to internal combustion engines. The company Energiprojekt AB in Sweden has made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of steam. The efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine reaches some 27-30% on high-pressure engines. It is a single-step, 5-cylinder engine (no compound) with superheated steam and consumes approx. 4 kg (8.8 lb) of steam per kWh.[not in citation given]"
] |
57115bf350c2381900b54a93
|
5d0b6178-556b-42a7-9160-c61cc58c450a
|
What is another Bezeichnung for Rotoren ?
| 0.285714
|
87e30d8f-c3c1-4263-8355-e79d63826771
|
rotating discs
|
Steam_engine
|
[
"A steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft, alternating with a series of stators (static discs) fixed to the turbine casing. The rotors have a propeller-like arrangement of blades at the outer edge. Steam acts upon these blades, producing rotary motion. The stator consists of a similar, but fixed, series of blades that serve to redirect the steam flow onto the next rotor stage. A steam turbine often exhausts into a surface condenser that provides a vacuum. The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure of steam, giving rise to a series of variably sized high- and low-pressure stages. Turbines are only efficient if they rotate at relatively high speed, therefore they are usually connected to reduction gearing to drive lower speed applications, such as a ship's propeller. In the vast majority of large electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators with no reduction gearing. Typical speeds are 3600 revolutions per minute (RPM) in the USA with 60 Hertz power, 3000 RPM in Europe and other countries with 50 Hertz electric power systems. In nuclear power applications the turbines typically run at half these speeds, 1800 RPM and 1500 RPM. A turbine rotor is also only capable of providing power when rotating in one direction. Therefore, a reversing stage or gearbox is usually required where power is required in the opposite direction.[citation needed]"
] |
57115ff82419e314009555c3
|
5d0b6178-556b-42a7-9160-c61cc58c450a
|
When did Carl Wilhelm Scheele discover Sauerstoff ?
| 0.5
|
fbdb8507-73fa-4523-af3d-822b0d2b2669
|
1773
|
Oxygen
|
[
"Oxygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774, but Priestley is often given priority because his work was published first. The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion. Its name derives from the Greek roots ὀξύς oxys, \"acid\", literally \"sharp\", referring to the sour taste of acids and -γενής -genes, \"producer\", literally \"begetter\", because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition. Common uses of oxygen includes the production cycle of steel, plastics and textiles, brazing, welding and cutting of steels and other metals, rocket propellant, in oxygen therapy and life support systems in aircraft, submarines, spaceflight and diving."
] |
571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2
|
3d5349d8-a1a2-4a2e-9293-6f790152fde2
|
What Chemiker managed to make enough flüssigen Sauerstoff to use for Erforschung ?
| 0.307692
|
28e9d0af-f23d-4420-ab07-ccce138f043e
|
James Dewar
|
Oxygen
|
[
"In 1891 Scottish chemist James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study. The first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen was independently developed in 1895 by German engineer Carl von Linde and British engineer William Hampson. Both men lowered the temperature of air until it liquefied and then distilled the component gases by boiling them off one at a time and capturing them. Later, in 1901, oxyacetylene welding was demonstrated for the first time by burning a mixture of acetylene and compressed O\n2. This method of welding and cutting metal later became common."
] |
571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114
|
3d5349d8-a1a2-4a2e-9293-6f790152fde2
|
What Gruppe of Wissenschaftlern seek to measure den Sauerstoffgehalt of Sauerstoffgehalt in marine Meereslebewesen ?
| 0.4
|
2cb28824-6205-41d4-bb4f-e87e4c4471cf
|
Paleoclimatologists
|
Oxygen
|
[
"Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine what the climate was like millions of years ago (see oxygen isotope ratio cycle). Seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope, oxygen-16, evaporate at a slightly faster rate than water molecules containing the 12% heavier oxygen-18; this disparity increases at lower temperatures. During periods of lower global temperatures, snow and rain from that evaporated water tends to be higher in oxygen-16, and the seawater left behind tends to be higher in oxygen-18. Marine organisms then incorporate more oxygen-18 into their skeletons and shells than they would in a warmer climate. Paleoclimatologists also directly measure this ratio in the water molecules of ice core samples that are up to several hundreds of thousands of years old."
] |
571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132
|
3d5349d8-a1a2-4a2e-9293-6f790152fde2
|
At what Wellenlänge do die spektrophotometrische Bande Höhepunkte ?
| 0.555556
|
dd82c4a0-0518-4f4e-a549-67fd9add2d7a
|
687 and 760 nm
|
Oxygen
|
[
"Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm. Some remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies in those bands to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform. This approach exploits the fact that in those bands it is possible to discriminate the vegetation's reflectance from its fluorescence, which is much weaker. The measurement is technically difficult owing to the low signal-to-noise ratio and the physical structure of vegetation; but it has been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle from satellites on a global scale."
] |
571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c
|
3d5349d8-a1a2-4a2e-9293-6f790152fde2
|
What Gerät is used to treat verschiedener Erkrankungen such as Kohlenmonoxidvergiftung Kohlenmonoxidvergiftung Kohlenmonoxidvergiftung ?
| 0.428571
|
67a627ab-8547-4153-aa02-122061f63dca
|
oxygen chambers
|
Oxygen
|
[
"Hyperbaric (high-pressure) medicine uses special oxygen chambers to increase the partial pressure of O\n2 around the patient and, when needed, the medical staff. Carbon monoxide poisoning, gas gangrene, and decompression sickness (the 'bends') are sometimes treated using these devices. Increased O\n2 concentration in the lungs helps to displace carbon monoxide from the heme group of hemoglobin. Oxygen gas is poisonous to the anaerobic bacteria that cause gas gangrene, so increasing its partial pressure helps kill them. Decompression sickness occurs in divers who decompress too quickly after a dive, resulting in bubbles of inert gas, mostly nitrogen and helium, forming in their blood. Increasing the pressure of O\n2 as soon as possible is part of the treatment."
] |
571cd3b55efbb31900334e03
|
3d5349d8-a1a2-4a2e-9293-6f790152fde2
|
When did Syrien und Ägypten leinenunch a Überraschungsangriff Überraschungsangriff on Israel ?
| 0.583333
|
481c0148-db53-4de2-9f01-0107b733939f
|
October 6, 1973
|
1973_oil_crisis
|
[
"On October 6, 1973, Syria and Egypt, with support from other Arab nations, launched a surprise attack on Israel, on Yom Kippur. This renewal of hostilities in the Arab–Israeli conflict released the underlying economic pressure on oil prices. At the time, Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter and a close US ally. Weeks later, the Shah of Iran said in an interview: \"Of course [the price of oil] is going to rise... Certainly! And how!... You've [Western nations] increased the price of the wheat you sell us by 300 percent, and the same for sugar and cement... You buy our crude oil and sell it back to us, refined as petrochemicals, at a hundred times the price you've paid us... It's only fair that, from now on, you should pay more for oil. Let's say ten times more.\""
] |
5725bad5271a42140099d0bd
|
edab7a94-a8fe-4e01-8941-1243f320857e
|
Wheinent has a negativen Einfluss over die US-Wirtschaft US-Wirtschaft ?
| 0.6
|
3f77f5d2-bffa-46b9-a151-8ced5ae6ee45
|
The embargo
|
1973_oil_crisis
|
[
"The embargo had a negative influence on the US economy by causing immediate demands to address the threats to U.S. energy security. On an international level, the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries, such as automobiles. Macroeconomic problems consisted of both inflationary and deflationary impacts. The embargo left oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies, even in rugged terrain such as the Arctic. Finding oil and developing new fields usually required five to ten years before significant production."
] |
5726241189a1e219009ac2de
|
edab7a94-a8fe-4e01-8941-1243f320857e
|
Who is der erste Direktor of des Federal Energy Office ?
| 0.636364
|
4f969cec-35d9-4fcf-80e6-54bcaa5f1a70
|
William E. Simon
|
1973_oil_crisis
|
[
"In 1973, Nixon named William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office, a short-term organization created to coordinate the response to the embargo. Simon allocated states the same amount of domestic oil for 1974 that each had consumed in 1972, which worked for states whose populations were not increasing. In other states, lines at gasoline stations were common. The American Automobile Association reported that in the last week of February 1974, 20% of American gasoline stations had no fuel."
] |
57264d9edd62a815002e80fe
|
edab7a94-a8fe-4e01-8941-1243f320857e
|
What was der Impulsgeber that created greater Interesse in erneuerbaren Ressourcen ?
| 0.416667
|
2fcf3ace-f5b8-4eaf-b480-a08d4331327b
|
energy crisis
|
1973_oil_crisis
|
[
"The energy crisis led to greater interest in renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels. There is criticism that American energy policies since the crisis have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking, promoting expensive quick fixes and single-shot solutions that ignore market and technology realities. Instead of providing stable rules that support basic research while leaving plenty of scope for entrepreneurship and innovation, congresses and presidents have repeatedly backed policies which promise solutions that are politically expedient, but whose prospects are doubtful."
] |
572650325951b619008f6fa9
|
edab7a94-a8fe-4e01-8941-1243f320857e
|
When did Honda , Toyota und Nissan open USA Montagewerke Montagewerke ?
| 0.583333
|
57538d4d-45b7-46a7-a4d7-c59d08915745
|
1981
|
1973_oil_crisis
|
[
"Some buyers lamented the small size of the first Japanese compacts, and both Toyota and Nissan (then known as Datsun) introduced larger cars such as the Toyota Corona Mark II, the Toyota Cressida, the Mazda 616 and Datsun 810, which added passenger space and amenities such as air conditioning, power steering, AM-FM radios, and even power windows and central locking without increasing the price of the vehicle. A decade after the 1973 oil crisis, Honda, Toyota and Nissan, affected by the 1981 voluntary export restraints, opened US assembly plants and established their luxury divisions (Acura, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively) to distinguish themselves from their mass-market brands."
] |
572659535951b619008f703f
|
edab7a94-a8fe-4e01-8941-1243f320857e
|
Which Name is also used to describe den Amazonas-Regenwald Amazonas-Regenwald in Deutsch ?
| 0.384615
|
6b0c25a1-ae1c-4955-a9f2-f624d900cbde
|
also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle,
|
Amazon_rainforest
|
[
"The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Spanish: Selva Amazónica, Amazonía or usually Amazonia; French: Forêt amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses 7,000,000 square kilometres (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 square kilometres (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest. This region includes territory belonging to nine nations. The majority of the forest is contained within Brazil, with 60% of the rainforest, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. States or departments in four nations contain \"Amazonas\" in their names. The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees divided into 16,000 species."
] |
5725b81b271a42140099d097
|
bfeda7d5-be99-4173-9d23-f27dff0fe307
|
How many square Quadratkilometer of the Amazonaswaldes Amazonaswaldes was lost by 1991 ?
| 0.307692
|
648d6f0b-8561-4878-8984-5225ad53ba1e
|
415,000
|
Amazon_rainforest
|
[
"Between 1991 and 2000, the total area of forest lost in the Amazon rose from 415,000 to 587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle. Seventy percent of formerly forested land in the Amazon, and 91% of land deforested since 1970, is used for livestock pasture. Currently, Brazil is the second-largest global producer of soybeans after the United States. New research however, conducted by Leydimere Oliveira et al., has shown that the more rainforest is logged in the Amazon, the less precipitation reaches the area and so the lower the yield per hectare becomes. So despite the popular perception, there has been no economical advantage for Brazil from logging rainforest zones and converting these to pastoral fields."
] |
5729feaf6aef051400155188
|
bfeda7d5-be99-4173-9d23-f27dff0fe307
|
Autobahnen built in the Amazonas-Regenwald Amazonas-Regenwald were built hauptsächlich for what Art of Bauern ?
| 0.4
|
f181f909-f1b1-49dd-ab15-8d588b52e24c
|
soy
|
Amazon_rainforest
|
[
"The needs of soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects that are currently developing in the Amazon. The first two highways successfully opened up the rainforest and led to increased settlement and deforestation. The mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 (22,392 km2 or 8,646 sq mi per year) was 18% higher than in the previous five years (19,018 km2 or 7,343 sq mi per year). Although deforestation has declined significantly in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2014, there has been an increase to the present day."
] |
572a005f1d046914007796b7
|
bfeda7d5-be99-4173-9d23-f27dff0fe307
|
What are Umweltschützer concerned about losing in der Amazonaswald Amazonaswald ?
| 0.363636
|
c9ef2875-d95c-4f6c-9743-9f07304bc439
|
biodiversity
|
Amazon_rainforest
|
[
"Environmentalists are concerned about loss of biodiversity that will result from destruction of the forest, and also about the release of the carbon contained within the vegetation, which could accelerate global warming. Amazonian evergreen forests account for about 10% of the world's terrestrial primary productivity and 10% of the carbon stores in ecosystems—of the order of 1.1 × 1011 metric tonnes of carbon. Amazonian forests are estimated to have accumulated 0.62 ± 0.37 tons of carbon per hectare per year between 1975 and 1996."
] |
572a020f6aef051400155198
|
bfeda7d5-be99-4173-9d23-f27dff0fe307
|
In wheinet Jahr did der Amazonas experience a Dürre that may have been more extreme than in 2005 ?
| 0.315789
|
85e6bf6e-37c0-433b-acdf-3173fcde0fda
|
2010
|
Amazon_rainforest
|
[
"In 2010 the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005 drought. The affected region was approximate 1,160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2) of rainforest, compared to 734,000 square miles (1,900,000 km2) in 2005. The 2010 drought had three epicenters where vegetation died off, whereas in 2005 the drought was focused on the southwestern part. The findings were published in the journal Science. In a typical year the Amazon absorbs 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide; during 2005 instead 5 gigatons were released and in 2010 8 gigatons were released."
] |
572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f
|
bfeda7d5-be99-4173-9d23-f27dff0fe307
|
How much can Rippenquallen eat in one Tag ?
| 0.222222
|
5d130630-147b-41f9-aa8e-eb1389296447
|
ten times their own weight
|
Ctenophora
|
[
"Almost all ctenophores are predators, taking prey ranging from microscopic larvae and rotifers to the adults of small crustaceans; the exceptions are juveniles of two species, which live as parasites on the salps on which adults of their species feed. In favorable circumstances, ctenophores can eat ten times their own weight in a day. Only 100–150 species have been validated, and possibly another 25 have not been fully described and named. The textbook examples are cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with tentilla (\"little tentacles\") that are covered with colloblasts, sticky cells that capture prey. The phylum has a wide range of body forms, including the flattened, deep-sea platyctenids, in which the adults of most species lack combs, and the coastal beroids, which lack tentacles and prey on other ctenophores by using huge mouths armed with groups of large, stiffened cilia that act as teeth. These variations enable different species to build huge populations in the same area, because they specialize in different types of prey, which they capture by as wide a range of methods as spiders use."
] |
5725bae289a1e219009abd90
|
a4f63c2f-3b32-49ef-aee0-2292d5e9675f
|
When did die Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction happen ?
| 0.142857
|
45ee07a5-9cb3-495a-989a-8d7b59a49bd3
|
66 million years ago
|
Ctenophora
|
[
"Despite their soft, gelatinous bodies, fossils thought to represent ctenophores, apparently with no tentacles but many more comb-rows than modern forms, have been found in lagerstätten as far back as the early Cambrian, about 515 million years ago. The position of the ctenophores in the evolutionary family tree of animals has long been debated, and the majority view at present, based on molecular phylogenetics, is that cnidarians and bilaterians are more closely related to each other than either is to ctenophores. A recent molecular phylogenetics analysis concluded that the common ancestor of all modern ctenophores was cydippid-like, and that all the modern groups appeared relatively recently, probably after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago. Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the \"cydippids\" are not monophyletic, in other words do not include all and only the descendants of a single common ancestor, because all the other traditional ctenophore groups are descendants of various cydippids."
] |
5725c91e38643c19005acceb
|
a4f63c2f-3b32-49ef-aee0-2292d5e9675f
|
What are die Haare on Rippenquallen called ?
| 0.375
|
3b302cff-a3c0-4631-bd43-816a19970e4e
|
cilia
|
Ctenophora
|
[
"Ranging from about 1 millimeter (0.039 in) to 1.5 meters (4.9 ft) in size, ctenophores are the largest non-colonial animals that use cilia (\"hairs\") as their main method of locomotion. Most species have eight strips, called comb rows, that run the length of their bodies and bear comb-like bands of cilia, called \"ctenes,\" stacked along the comb rows so that when the cilia beat, those of each comb touch the comb below. The name \"ctenophora\" means \"comb-bearing\", from the Greek κτείς (stem-form κτεν-) meaning \"comb\" and the Greek suffix -φορος meaning \"carrying\"."
] |
572648e8dd62a815002e8076
|
a4f63c2f-3b32-49ef-aee0-2292d5e9675f
|
Why are Rippenquallenfossilien extrem rare as fossils ?
| 0.25
|
7f29e065-adbf-4356-89bd-059a69d63198
|
their soft, gelatinous bodies
|
Ctenophora
|
[
"Because of their soft, gelatinous bodies, ctenophores are extremely rare as fossils, and fossils that have been interpreted as ctenophores have been found only in lagerstätten, places where the environment was exceptionally suited to preservation of soft tissue. Until the mid-1990s only two specimens good enough for analysis were known, both members of the crown group, from the early Devonian (Emsian) period. Three additional putative species were then found in the Burgess Shale and other Canadian rocks of similar age, about 505 million years ago in the mid-Cambrian period. All three apparently lacked tentacles but had between 24 and 80 comb rows, far more than the 8 typical of living species. They also appear to have had internal organ-like structures unlike anything found in living ctenophores. One of the fossil species first reported in 1996 had a large mouth, apparently surrounded by a folded edge that may have been muscular. Evidence from China a year later suggests that such ctenophores were widespread in the Cambrian, but perhaps very different from modern species – for example one fossil's comb-rows were mounted on prominent vanes. The Ediacaran Eoandromeda could putatively represent a comb jelly."
] |
57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c
|
a4f63c2f-3b32-49ef-aee0-2292d5e9675f
|
neuesten Studien believe that ctenophores are the Schwesterlinie lineage to what ?
| 0.25
|
62bf1934-12d6-4adf-afba-71110030dad4
|
Bilateria
|
Ctenophora
|
[
"The relationship of ctenophores to the rest of Metazoa is very important to our understanding of the early evolution of animals and the origin of multicellularity. It has been the focus of debate for many years. Ctenophores have been purported to be the sister lineage to the Bilateria, sister to the Cnidaria, sister to Cnidaria, Placozoa and Bilateria, and sister to all other animal phyla. A series of studies that looked at the presence and absence of members of gene families and signalling pathways (e.g., homeoboxes, nuclear receptors, the Wnt signaling pathway, and sodium channels) showed evidence congruent with the latter two scenarios, that ctenophores are either sister to Cnidaria, Placozoa and Bilateria or sister to all other animal phyla. Several more recent studies comparing complete sequenced genomes of ctenophores with other sequenced animal genomes have also supported ctenophores as the sister lineage to all other animals. This position would suggest that neural and muscle cell types were either lost in major animal lineages (e.g., Porifera) or that they evolved independently in the ctenophore lineage. However, other researchers have argued that the placement of Ctenophora as sister to all other animals is a statistical anomaly caused by the high rate of evolution in ctenophore genomes, and that Porifera (sponges) is the earliest-diverging animal phylum instead. Ctenophores and sponges are also the only known animal phyla that lack any true hox genes."
] |
57269016708984140094ca41
|
a4f63c2f-3b32-49ef-aee0-2292d5e9675f
|
What is anodier Name for the west Side of Fresno ?
| 0.363636
|
a762830a-7c80-4315-94bb-4bdc9e30ffa7
|
Southwest Fresno
|
Fresno,_California
|
[
"The \"West Side\" of Fresno, also often called \"Southwest Fresno\", is one of the oldest neighborhoods in the city. The neighborhood lies southwest of the 99 freeway (which divides it from Downtown Fresno), west of the 41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave (or the newly constructed 180 Freeway), and extends to the city limits to the west and south. The neighborhood is traditionally considered to be the center of Fresno's African-American community. It is culturally diverse and also includes significant Mexican-American and Asian-American (principally Hmong or Laotian) populations."
] |
5725edfe38643c19005ace9f
|
8f51fd8b-c0b4-412a-b27b-956cf7169993
|
Who is Kearney Boulevard named after ?
| 0.285714
|
e67da9a9-ea39-48b1-b561-ac79b40271ff
|
M. Theo Kearney
|
Fresno,_California
|
[
"The neighborhood includes Kearney Boulevard, named after early 20th century entrepreneur and millionaire M. Theo Kearney, which extends from Fresno Street in Southwest Fresno about 20 mi (32 km) west to Kerman, California. A small, two-lane rural road for most of its length, Kearney Boulevard is lined with tall palm trees. The roughly half-mile stretch of Kearney Boulevard between Fresno Street and Thorne Ave was at one time the preferred neighborhood for Fresno's elite African-American families. Another section, Brookhaven, on the southern edge of the West Side south of Jensen and west of Elm, was given the name by the Fresno City Council in an effort to revitalize the neighborhood's image. The isolated subdivision was for years known as the \"Dogg Pound\" in reference to a local gang, and as of late 2008 was still known for high levels of violent crime."
] |
5725f00938643c19005aced7
|
8f51fd8b-c0b4-412a-b27b-956cf7169993
|
How many Haushalten has Kinder under the Jahren of 18 living in them ?
| 0.285714
|
8eab1f9a-5ed4-44df-acfd-6923932d3b2f
|
68,511
|
Fresno,_California
|
[
"There were 158,349 households, of which 68,511 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 69,284 (43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 30,547 (19.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 11,698 (7.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 12,843 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 1,388 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 35,064 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals and 12,344 (7.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.07. There were 111,529 families (70.4% of all households); the average family size was 3.62."
] |
5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1
|
8f51fd8b-c0b4-412a-b27b-956cf7169993
|
What Straße connects Fresno with dem California Central Valley ?
| 0.6
|
caeea333-3b81-4375-99c8-4905970509ba
|
State Route 99
|
Fresno,_California
|
[
"Fresno is served by State Route 99, the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley. State Route 168, the Sierra Freeway, heads east to the city of Clovis and Huntington Lake. State Route 41 (Yosemite Freeway/Eisenhower Freeway) comes into Fresno from Atascadero in the south, and then heads north to Yosemite. State Route 180 (Kings Canyon Freeway) comes from the west via Mendota, and from the east in Kings Canyon National Park going towards the city of Reedley."
] |
5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad
|
8f51fd8b-c0b4-412a-b27b-956cf7169993
|
Which is die largest Stadt not connected to einen interstate Interstate-Highway ?
| 0.333333
|
af4adde0-ecab-4169-9e98-a8b11fd27393
|
Fresno
|
Fresno,_California
|
[
"Fresno is the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway. When the Interstate Highway System was created in the 1950s, the decision was made to build what is now Interstate 5 on the west side of the Central Valley, and thus bypass many of the population centers in the region, instead of upgrading what is now State Route 99. Due to rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding, much discussion has been made to upgrade it to interstate standards and eventually incorporate it into the interstate system, most likely as Interstate 9. Major improvements to signage, lane width, median separation, vertical clearance, and other concerns are currently underway."
] |
5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd
|
8f51fd8b-c0b4-412a-b27b-956cf7169993
|
What does each packet Modus in verbindungslosen Modus
| 0.375
|
067d21ad-127b-40be-8fbe-1140690e340c
|
complete addressing information
|
Packet_switching
|
[
"In connectionless mode each packet includes complete addressing information. The packets are routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths and out-of-order delivery. Each packet is labeled with a destination address, source address, and port numbers. It may also be labeled with the sequence number of the packet. This precludes the need for a dedicated path to help the packet find its way to its destination, but means that much more information is needed in the packet header, which is therefore larger, and this information needs to be looked up in power-hungry content-addressable memory. Each packet is dispatched and may go via different routes; potentially, the system has to do as much work for every packet as the connection-oriented system has to do in connection set-up, but with less information as to the application's requirements. At the destination, the original message/data is reassembled in the correct order, based on the packet sequence number. Thus a virtual connection, also known as a virtual circuit or byte stream is provided to the end-user by a transport layer protocol, although intermediate network nodes only provides a connectionless network layer service."
] |
5726385e271a42140099d797
|
e7b1f3c3-9c5e-43a0-b9dc-322aa099af9c
|
WHen did ARPNET und SITA become operational
| 0.428571
|
2bc11b8e-4438-4099-ac25-7e71dcfea839
|
1969
|
Packet_switching
|
[
"ARPANET and SITA HLN became operational in 1969. Before the introduction of X.25 in 1973, about twenty different network technologies had been developed. Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core. In the datagram system, the hosts have the responsibility to ensure orderly delivery of packets. The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is an example of a datagram protocol. In the virtual call system, the network guarantees sequenced delivery of data to the host. This results in a simpler host interface with less functionality than in the datagram model. The X.25 protocol suite uses this network type."
] |
57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b
|
e7b1f3c3-9c5e-43a0-b9dc-322aa099af9c
|
What is DECnet
| 0
|
52ca0753-c2d3-45c8-9845-5d8e6d2a6761
|
a suite of network protocols created by Digital Equipment Corporation
|
Packet_switching
|
[
"DECnet is a suite of network protocols created by Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers. It evolved into one of the first peer-to-peer network architectures, thus transforming DEC into a networking powerhouse in the 1980s. Initially built with three layers, it later (1982) evolved into a seven-layer OSI-compliant networking protocol. The DECnet protocols were designed entirely by Digital Equipment Corporation. However, DECnet Phase II (and later) were open standards with published specifications, and several implementations were developed outside DEC, including one for Linux."
] |
57263ea0271a42140099d7c3
|
e7b1f3c3-9c5e-43a0-b9dc-322aa099af9c
|
WHy was das Merit-Netzwerk Merit-Netzwerk formed in Michigan
| 0.5
|
83c97263-2d5a-4967-b2a0-da8e02881cac
|
as a means to help the state's educational and economic development
|
Packet_switching
|
[
"Merit Network, Inc., an independent non-profit 501(c)(3) corporation governed by Michigan's public universities, was formed in 1966 as the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad to explore computer networking between three of Michigan's public universities as a means to help the state's educational and economic development. With initial support from the State of Michigan and the National Science Foundation (NSF), the packet-switched network was first demonstrated in December 1971 when an interactive host to host connection was made between the IBM mainframe computer systems at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and Wayne State University in Detroit. In October 1972 connections to the CDC mainframe at Michigan State University in East Lansing completed the triad. Over the next several years in addition to host to host interactive connections the network was enhanced to support terminal to host connections, host to host batch connections (remote job submission, remote printing, batch file transfer), interactive file transfer, gateways to the Tymnet and Telenet public data networks, X.25 host attachments, gateways to X.25 data networks, Ethernet attached hosts, and eventually TCP/IP and additional public universities in Michigan join the network. All of this set the stage for Merit's role in the NSFNET project starting in the mid-1980s."
] |
5726414e271a42140099d7e5
|
e7b1f3c3-9c5e-43a0-b9dc-322aa099af9c
|
what is Internet2
| 0
|
879ceae0-3ae7-4dcc-a27b-dd0f674e43a1
|
a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government
|
Packet_switching
|
[
"Internet2 is a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government. The Internet2 community, in partnership with Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998 and was a prime investor in the National LambdaRail (NLR) project. In 2006, Internet2 announced a partnership with Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s. In October, 2007, Internet2 officially retired Abilene and now refers to its new, higher capacity network as the Internet2 Network."
] |
5726472bdd62a815002e8042
|
e7b1f3c3-9c5e-43a0-b9dc-322aa099af9c
|
What was der Schwarze Tod ursprünglich blamed on ?
| 0.444444
|
385315cb-4515-4d9d-bada-6d4f6fa97f30
|
the heavens
|
Black_Death
|
[
"Medical knowledge had stagnated during the Middle Ages. The most authoritative account at the time came from the medical faculty in Paris in a report to the king of France that blamed the heavens, in the form of a conjunction of three planets in 1345 that caused a \"great pestilence in the air\". This report became the first and most widely circulated of a series of plague tracts that sought to give advice to sufferers. That the plague was caused by bad air became the most widely accepted theory. Today, this is known as the Miasma theory. The word 'plague' had no special significance at this time, and only the recurrence of outbreaks during the Middle Ages gave it the name that has become the medical term."
] |
57264b3edd62a815002e80aa
|
5588e3b5-a244-4a57-92a2-9f2cc7d6f365
|
What are Kladen ?
| 0.25
|
c564d21c-6534-4965-a6b6-30350567d9ae
|
genetic branches
|
Black_Death
|
[
"The study also found that there were two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches) of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves. These clades (which are thought to be extinct) were found to be ancestral to modern isolates of the modern Y. pestis strains Y. p. orientalis and Y. p. medievalis, suggesting the plague may have entered Europe in two waves. Surveys of plague pit remains in France and England indicate the first variant entered Europe through the port of Marseille around November 1347 and spread through France over the next two years, eventually reaching England in the spring of 1349, where it spread through the country in three epidemics. Surveys of plague pit remains from the Dutch town of Bergen op Zoom showed the Y. pestis genotype responsible for the pandemic that spread through the Low Countries from 1350 differed from that found in Britain and France, implying Bergen op Zoom (and possibly other parts of the southern Netherlands) was not directly infected from England or France in 1349 and suggesting a second wave of plague, different from those in Britain and France, may have been carried to the Low Countries from Norway, the Hanseatic cities or another site."
] |
57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae
|
5588e3b5-a244-4a57-92a2-9f2cc7d6f365
|
What does Graham Twigg propose about die Ausbreitung of Krankheiten ?
| 0.454545
|
f6d15082-779c-4e62-8441-f14ea67b94a3
|
a form of anthrax
|
Black_Death
|
[
"A variety of alternatives to the Y. pestis have been put forward. Twigg suggested that the cause was a form of anthrax, and Norman Cantor (2001) thought it may have been a combination of anthrax and other pandemics. Scott and Duncan have argued that the pandemic was a form of infectious disease that characterise as hemorrhagic plague similar to Ebola. Archaeologist Barney Sloane has argued that there is insufficient evidence of the extinction of a large number of rats in the archaeological record of the medieval waterfront in London and that the plague spread too quickly to support the thesis that the Y. pestis was spread from fleas on rats; he argues that transmission must have been person to person. However, no single alternative solution has achieved widespread acceptance. Many scholars arguing for the Y. pestis as the major agent of the pandemic suggest that its extent and symptoms can be explained by a combination of bubonic plague with other diseases, including typhus, smallpox and respiratory infections. In addition to the bubonic infection, others point to additional septicemic (a type of \"blood poisoning\") and pneumonic (an airborne plague that attacks the lungs before the rest of the body) forms of the plague, which lengthen the duration of outbreaks throughout the seasons and help account for its high mortality rate and additional recorded symptoms. In 2014, scientists with Public Health England announced the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed from the Clerkenwell area of London, as well as of wills registered in London during the period, which supported the pneumonic hypothesis."
] |
5726534d708984140094c26d
|
5588e3b5-a244-4a57-92a2-9f2cc7d6f365
|
How many Menschen died of Pest in Paris in 1466 ?
| 0.363636
|
df74873f-3fc4-464f-82cf-db519e74d888
|
40,000
|
Black_Death
|
[
"In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654."
] |
57265642f1498d1400e8dc68
|
5588e3b5-a244-4a57-92a2-9f2cc7d6f365
|
During which Jahren was die Pest present in islamischen Ländern ?
| 0.454545
|
3ec695c7-5f7e-4532-89ef-ec5bb4b2c4bf
|
1500 and 1850
|
Black_Death
|
[
"The Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850. Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620–21, and again in 1654–57, 1665, 1691, and 1740–42. Plague remained a major event in Ottoman society until the second quarter of the 19th century. Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople, and an additional thirty-one between 1751 and 1800. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out."
] |
5726577f708984140094c301
|
5588e3b5-a244-4a57-92a2-9f2cc7d6f365
|
Why is die second Zeitachse needed ?
| 0.285714
|
4b712b33-23e6-4d3f-8327-2ab5d837e94a
|
compresses the most recent era
|
Geology
|
[
"The following four timelines show the geologic time scale. The first shows the entire time from the formation of the Earth to the present, but this compresses the most recent eon. Therefore, the second scale shows the most recent eon with an expanded scale. The second scale compresses the most recent era, so the most recent era is expanded in the third scale. Since the Quaternary is a very short period with short epochs, it is further expanded in the fourth scale. The second, third, and fourth timelines are therefore each subsections of their preceding timeline as indicated by asterisks. The Holocene (the latest epoch) is too small to be shown clearly on the third timeline on the right, another reason for expanding the fourth scale. The Pleistocene (P) epoch. Q stands for the Quaternary period."
] |
572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2
|
0e18ed81-5c9d-4f83-9057-a3f1112696a7
|
Which Prinzip is based on dem Auftreten of Fossilien in sedimentary Sedimentgesteinen ?
| 0.384615
|
05bd3ef8-b9e0-46b0-9be1-1ea071ccd98f
|
The principle of faunal succession
|
Geology
|
[
"The principle of faunal succession is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks. As organisms exist at the same time period throughout the world, their presence or (sometimes) absence may be used to provide a relative age of the formations in which they are found. Based on principles laid out by William Smith almost a hundred years before the publication of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought. The principle becomes quite complex, however, given the uncertainties of fossilization, the localization of fossil types due to lateral changes in habitat (facies change in sedimentary strata), and that not all fossils may be found globally at the same time."
] |
572669a9dd62a815002e8416
|
0e18ed81-5c9d-4f83-9057-a3f1112696a7
|
The analysis of stratigraphische Schnitte stratigraphische as Bohrkerne Bohrkerne is done by who ?
| 0.357143
|
5625f541-0773-4cd3-b8fd-49f075d55635
|
stratigraphers
|
Geology
|
[
"In the laboratory, stratigraphers analyze samples of stratigraphic sections that can be returned from the field, such as those from drill cores. Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface. Geophysical data and well logs can be combined to produce a better view of the subsurface, and stratigraphers often use computer programs to do this in three dimensions. Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth, interpret past environments, and locate areas for water, coal, and hydrocarbon extraction."
] |
57268066708984140094c821
|
0e18ed81-5c9d-4f83-9057-a3f1112696a7
|
Fielding H . Garrison believes that die Wissenschaft of Geologie can be traced to where ?
| 0.25
|
a8aa8410-2a39-4c93-9d75-8bec2a10ec90
|
Persia
|
Geology
|
[
"Some modern scholars, such as Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia after the Muslim conquests had come to an end. Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni (973–1048 CE) was one of the earliest Persian geologists, whose works included the earliest writings on the geology of India, hypothesizing that the Indian subcontinent was once a sea. Drawing from Greek and Indian scientific literature that were not destroyed by the Muslim conquests, the Persian scholar Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 981–1037) proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes, and other topics central to modern geology, which provided an essential foundation for the later development of the science. In China, the polymath Shen Kuo (1031–1095) formulated a hypothesis for the process of land formation: based on his observation of fossil animal shells in a geological stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean, he inferred that the land was formed by erosion of the mountains and by deposition of silt."
] |
572683f95951b619008f7525
|
0e18ed81-5c9d-4f83-9057-a3f1112696a7
|
Who is viewed as der erste moderne Geologe ?
| 0.444444
|
8556ab2f-e2a6-4869-ae30-200d1d2c0fd1
|
James Hutton
|
Geology
|
[
"James Hutton is often viewed as the first modern geologist. In 1785 he presented a paper entitled Theory of the Earth to the Royal Society of Edinburgh. In his paper, he explained his theory that the Earth must be much older than had previously been supposed in order to allow enough time for mountains to be eroded and for sediments to form new rocks at the bottom of the sea, which in turn were raised up to become dry land. Hutton published a two-volume version of his ideas in 1795 (Vol. 1, Vol. 2)."
] |
57268527708984140094c8bf
|
0e18ed81-5c9d-4f83-9057-a3f1112696a7
|
Who oversees einen Apothekentechniker Apothekentechniker in the Großbritannien ?
| 0.444444
|
b675b356-97ea-4f95-8624-d4e818321151
|
other senior pharmacy technicians
|
Pharmacy
|
[
"A Pharmacy Technician in the UK is considered a health care professional and often does not work under the direct supervision of a pharmacist (if employed in a hospital pharmacy) but instead is supervised and managed by other senior pharmacy technicians. In the UK the role of a PhT has grown and responsibility has been passed on to them to manage the pharmacy department and specialised areas in pharmacy practice allowing pharmacists the time to specialise in their expert field as medication consultants spending more time working with patients and in research. A pharmacy technician once qualified has to register as a professional on the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) register. The GPhC is the governing body for pharmacy health care professionals and this is who regulates the practice of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians."
] |
5726da89dd62a815002e92b2
|
c270a0dd-5a8b-4ef5-88f1-c1fc30b066b1
|
Entwicklungen in which Wissenschaftler influenced die Entstehung of Pharmakologie in mittelalterlichen Islam ?
| 0.538462
|
5e66ce19-0b1c-4eb8-94ca-5b9a6b2fde4c
|
botany and chemistry
|
Pharmacy
|
[
"The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) (865–915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936–1013) pioneered the preparation of medicines by sublimation and distillation. His Liber servitoris is of particular interest, as it provides the reader with recipes and explains how to prepare the `simples’ from which were compounded the complex drugs then generally used. Sabur Ibn Sahl (d 869), was, however, the first physician to initiate pharmacopoedia, describing a large variety of drugs and remedies for ailments. Al-Biruni (973–1050) wrote one of the most valuable Islamic works on pharmacology, entitled Kitab al-Saydalah (The Book of Drugs), in which he detailed the properties of drugs and outlined the role of pharmacy and the functions and duties of the pharmacist. Avicenna, too, described no less than 700 preparations, their properties, modes of action, and their indications. He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine. Of great impact were also the works by al-Maridini of Baghdad and Cairo, and Ibn al-Wafid (1008–1074), both of which were printed in Latin more than fifty times, appearing as De Medicinis universalibus et particularibus by 'Mesue' the younger, and the Medicamentis simplicibus by 'Abenguefit'. Peter of Abano (1250–1316) translated and added a supplement to the work of al-Maridini under the title De Veneris. Al-Muwaffaq’s contributions in the field are also pioneering. Living in the 10th century, he wrote The foundations of the true properties of Remedies, amongst others describing arsenious oxide, and being acquainted with silicic acid. He made clear distinction between sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and drew attention to the poisonous nature of copper compounds, especially copper vitriol, and also lead compounds. He also describes the distillation of sea-water for drinking.[verification needed]"
] |
5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04
|
c270a0dd-5a8b-4ef5-88f1-c1fc30b066b1
|
Whdent is die Apotheke subject to in a majority of Ländern ?
| 0.333333
|
15a9e688-7f9f-4ed0-b23e-1676c64b57a6
|
pharmacy legislation
|
Pharmacy
|
[
"In most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation. Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend towards the use of trained pharmacy technicians while the pharmacist spends more time communicating with patients. Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent upon automation to assist them in their new role dealing with patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues."
] |
5726e08e5951b619008f810f
|
c270a0dd-5a8b-4ef5-88f1-c1fc30b066b1
|
What is consultant Apothekern hauptsächlich concerned with ?
| 0.25
|
7233e187-276e-434d-b1d6-43735f3238e6
|
medication regimen review
|
Pharmacy
|
[
"Consultant pharmacy practice focuses more on medication regimen review (i.e. \"cognitive services\") than on actual dispensing of drugs. Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings. Traditionally consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica). This trend may be gradually reversing as consultant pharmacists begin to work directly with patients, primarily because many elderly people are now taking numerous medications but continue to live outside of institutional settings. Some community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists and/or provide consulting services."
] |
5726ea985951b619008f8261
|
c270a0dd-5a8b-4ef5-88f1-c1fc30b066b1
|
How are Apotheker regulated in most Ländern ?
| 0.25
|
afa42be9-2850-4b2b-ac9f-7ce8a763bc61
|
separately from physicians
|
Pharmacy
|
[
"In most jurisdictions (such as the United States), pharmacists are regulated separately from physicians. These jurisdictions also usually specify that only pharmacists may supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public, and that pharmacists cannot form business partnerships with physicians or give them \"kickback\" payments. However, the American Medical Association (AMA) Code of Ethics provides that physicians may dispense drugs within their office practices as long as there is no patient exploitation and patients have the right to a written prescription that can be filled elsewhere. 7 to 10 percent of American physicians practices reportedly dispense drugs on their own."
] |
5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da
|
c270a0dd-5a8b-4ef5-88f1-c1fc30b066b1
|
What can result from Störungen of des immune Immunsystems ?
| 0.3
|
c0405768-c333-4265-902f-3332ce6618e6
|
autoimmune diseases
|
Immune_system
|
[
"Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer. Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system."
] |
5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2
|
bac89484-a410-4a18-8add-9d80e54ad4af
|
What are die most stärkste Klasse of entzündungshemmender-inflammatory drugs ?
| 0.4
|
73cffc11-e231-4984-9e18-6e4e94d2fc7d
|
Glucocorticoids
|
Immune_system
|
[
"Anti-inflammatory drugs are often used to control the effects of inflammation. Glucocorticoids are the most powerful of these drugs; however, these drugs can have many undesirable side effects, such as central obesity, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, and their use must be tightly controlled. Lower doses of anti-inflammatory drugs are often used in conjunction with cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs such as methotrexate or azathioprine. Cytotoxic drugs inhibit the immune response by killing dividing cells such as activated T cells. However, the killing is indiscriminate and other constantly dividing cells and their organs are affected, which causes toxic side effects. Immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporin prevent T cells from responding to signals correctly by inhibiting signal transduction pathways."
] |
572a03086aef0514001551a2
|
bac89484-a410-4a18-8add-9d80e54ad4af
|
What are Beispiele of differenzierte Effektorzellen Effektorzellen that peak during wake Wachphasen ?
| 0.384615
|
7b31880c-5a6d-4a59-b6f5-f123c7172190
|
cytotoxic natural killer cells and CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes)
|
Immune_system
|
[
"In contrast, during wake periods differentiated effector cells, such as cytotoxic natural killer cells and CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes), peak in order to elicit an effective response against any intruding pathogens. As well during awake active times, anti-inflammatory molecules, such as cortisol and catecholamines, peak. There are two theories as to why the pro-inflammatory state is reserved for sleep time. First, inflammation would cause serious cognitive and physical impairments if it were to occur during wake times. Second, inflammation may occur during sleep times due to the presence of melatonin. Inflammation causes a great deal of oxidative stress and the presence of melatonin during sleep times could actively counteract free radical production during this time."
] |
572a04d51d046914007796cd
|
bac89484-a410-4a18-8add-9d80e54ad4af
|
What Moleküle of the adaptive immune Immunsystems only exist in jawed Wirbeltieren ?
| 0.230769
|
e8f9861f-8052-43ed-a47a-cd6fc1119eeb
|
immunoglobulins and T cell receptors
|
Immune_system
|
[
"Evolution of the adaptive immune system occurred in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates. Many of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system (e.g., immunoglobulins and T cell receptors) exist only in jawed vertebrates. However, a distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule has been discovered in primitive jawless vertebrates, such as the lamprey and hagfish. These animals possess a large array of molecules called Variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) that, like the antigen receptors of jawed vertebrates, are produced from only a small number (one or two) of genes. These molecules are believed to bind pathogenic antigens in a similar way to antibodies, and with the same degree of specificity."
] |
572a07fc6aef0514001551dc
|
bac89484-a410-4a18-8add-9d80e54ad4af
|
What is das process by which die adaptive immune Immunsystem is evaded by the chainging of essentieller-essential epitopes called ?
| 0.2
|
81cf97e2-d681-449e-b606-43ba6c7a8cf9
|
antigenic variation
|
Immune_system
|
[
"The mechanisms used to evade the adaptive immune system are more complicated. The simplest approach is to rapidly change non-essential epitopes (amino acids and/or sugars) on the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed. This is called antigenic variation. An example is HIV, which mutates rapidly, so the proteins on its viral envelope that are essential for entry into its host target cell are constantly changing. These frequent changes in antigens may explain the failures of vaccines directed at this virus. The parasite Trypanosoma brucei uses a similar strategy, constantly switching one type of surface protein for another, allowing it to stay one step ahead of the antibody response. Masking antigens with host molecules is another common strategy for avoiding detection by the immune system. In HIV, the envelope that covers the virion is formed from the outermost membrane of the host cell; such \"self-cloaked\" viruses make it difficult for the immune system to identify them as \"non-self\" structures."
] |
572a0e4b6aef051400155214
|
bac89484-a410-4a18-8add-9d80e54ad4af
|
After dem Peterloo-Massaker Peterloo-Massaker what Dichter wrote The Mask of Anarchy ?
| 0.5
|
97108b55-cf52-4f9d-bb17-2af31b33fc74
|
Percy Shelley
|
Civil_disobedience
|
[
"Following the Peterloo massacre of 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy later that year, that begins with the images of what he thought to be the unjust forms of authority of his time—and then imagines the stirrings of a new form of social action. It is perhaps the first modern[vague] statement of the principle of nonviolent protest. A version was taken up by the author Henry David Thoreau in his essay Civil Disobedience, and later by Gandhi in his doctrine of Satyagraha. Gandhi's Satyagraha was partially influenced and inspired by Shelley's nonviolence in protest and political action. In particular, it is known that Gandhi would often quote Shelley's Masque of Anarchy to vast audiences during the campaign for a free India."
] |
5727213c708984140094da35
|
33fc68e0-9f7f-4d3c-a6fa-fd7f015726b0
|
Wheinet is it called when there is ein aktiver Versuch to overthrow a Regierung oder GlaubensGlaubenssystem system ?
| 0.444444
|
9f0bb968-7cae-4db3-b65a-d9726834829a
|
Revolutionary civil disobedience
|
Civil_disobedience
|
[
"Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience. "
] |
5728202c4b864d19001644ec
|
33fc68e0-9f7f-4d3c-a6fa-fd7f015726b0
|
Boycotting , refusing to pay Steuern , sit Sitzstreiks , und draft Wehrdienstverweigerung all make what harder ?
| 0.222222
|
d55b9e60-5e0a-4288-bd9b-790cc0f0cb63
|
for a system to function
|
Civil_disobedience
|
[
"Some forms of civil disobedience, such as illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins, make it more difficult for a system to function. In this way, they might be considered coercive. Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients are constrained in their use of coercion by their conscientious aim to engage in moral dialogue, nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion in order to get their issue onto the table.\" The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes."
] |
57282dfb4b864d1900164668
|
33fc68e0-9f7f-4d3c-a6fa-fd7f015726b0
|
What do some zivilen disobedient Menschen feel the need to acknowledge .
| 0.166667
|
a4bc7537-6f0b-46d9-a044-04992393fdd5
|
punishment
|
Civil_disobedience
|
[
"Some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the validity of the social contract, which is held to bind all to obey the laws that a government meeting certain standards of legitimacy has established, or else suffer the penalties set out in the law. Other civil disobedients who favor the existence of government still don't believe in the legitimacy of their particular government, or don't believe in the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobedients, being anarchists, don't believe in the legitimacy of any government, and therefore see no need to accept punishment for a violation of criminal law that does not infringe the rights of others."
] |
5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5
|
33fc68e0-9f7f-4d3c-a6fa-fd7f015726b0
|
What Art of Bestrafung is sometimes offered to zivilen Bestrafung ?
| 0.363636
|
cdebd348-1279-413d-b2ba-295d6e2fe211
|
plea bargain
|
Civil_disobedience
|
[
"Sometimes the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients, as in the case of the Camden 28, in which the defendants were offered an opportunity to plead guilty to one misdemeanor count and receive no jail time. In some mass arrest situations, the activists decide to use solidarity tactics to secure the same plea bargain for everyone. But some activists have opted to enter a blind plea, pleading guilty without any plea agreement in place. Mohandas Gandhi pleaded guilty and told the court, \"I am here to . . . submit cheerfully to the highest penalty that can be inflicted upon me for what in law is a deliberate crime and what appears to me to be the highest duty of a citizen.\""
] |
5728eef92ca10214002daab0
|
33fc68e0-9f7f-4d3c-a6fa-fd7f015726b0
|
Wheinest is der process of constructing a Gebäudes oder Infrastruktur ?
| 0.454545
|
8fcc388e-3015-4633-bc0c-a44ee8879196
|
Construction
|
Construction
|
[
"Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction differs from manufacturing in that manufacturing typically involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser, while construction typically takes place on location for a known client. Construction as an industry comprises six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries. Construction starts with planning,[citation needed] design, and financing and continues until the project is built and ready for use."
] |
57273a465951b619008f86ff
|
638c83c1-c758-4c38-944b-a3ab0d534e07
|
What is Engineering News-Record-Record ?
| 0.4
|
0d172f09-bc84-4d74-a5a1-f78fce2e7af0
|
a trade magazine for the construction industry
|
Construction
|
[
"Engineering News-Record (ENR) is a trade magazine for the construction industry. Each year, ENR compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies. They publish a list of the largest companies in the United States (Top-40) and also a list the largest global firms (Top-250, by amount of work they are doing outside their home country). In 2014, ENR compiled the data in nine market segments. It was divided as transportation, petroleum, buildings, power, industrial, water, manufacturing, sewer/waste, telecom, hazardous waste plus a tenth category for other projects. In their reporting on the Top 400, they used data on transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors."
] |
57273e50dd62a815002e9a02
|
638c83c1-c758-4c38-944b-a3ab0d534e07
|
What are die drei Bau-Teilsektoren Bau-Teilsektoren ?
| 0.571429
|
75c6fd37-0787-4bda-a903-338201a593ec
|
building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors
|
Construction
|
[
"The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction. To recognize the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors: building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors. There are also categories for construction service firms (e.g., engineering, architecture) and construction managers (firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project)."
] |
57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a
|
638c83c1-c758-4c38-944b-a3ab0d534e07
|
Der moderne Design-Trend in Design-Trend is toward integration of what ?
| 0.363636
|
c4527330-d779-4c5e-bd85-8b4ab6f56f5e
|
previously separated specialties
|
Construction
|
[
"The modern trend in design is toward integration of previously separated specialties, especially among large firms. In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be entirely separate companies, even in the larger firms. Presently, a firm that is nominally an \"architecture\" or \"construction management\" firm may have experts from all related fields as employees, or to have an associated company that provides each necessary skill. Thus, each such firm may offer itself as \"one-stop shopping\" for a construction project, from beginning to end. This is designated as a \"design build\" contract where the contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction, while adhering to the performance specifications."
] |
57274e0d708984140094dbe5
|
638c83c1-c758-4c38-944b-a3ab0d534e07
|
Wheint must a Projekt adhere to ?
| 0.285714
|
faffb612-bdc2-4573-a263-233414a53e71
|
zoning and building code requirements
|
Construction
|
[
"The project must adhere to zoning and building code requirements. Constructing a project that fails to adhere to codes does not benefit the owner. Some legal requirements come from malum in se considerations, or the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad – bridge collapses or explosions. Other legal requirements come from malum prohibitum considerations, or things that are a matter of custom or expectation, such as isolating businesses to a business district and residences to a residential district. An attorney may seek changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where the building will be built, either by arguing that a rule is inapplicable (the bridge design will not cause a collapse), or that the custom is no longer needed (acceptance of live-work spaces has grown in the community)."
] |
572750e8dd62a815002e9af0
|
638c83c1-c758-4c38-944b-a3ab0d534e07
|
What is die wichtigen US-Stadt US-Stadt that the is the Universität located ?
| 0.384615
|
0335be82-b7b0-4253-8c76-97d3219150f1
|
Boston
|
Harvard_University
|
[
"The University is organized into eleven separate academic units—ten faculties and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study—with campuses throughout the Boston metropolitan area: its 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge, approximately 3 miles (5 km) northwest of Boston; the business school and athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located across the Charles River in the Allston neighborhood of Boston and the medical, dental, and public health schools are in the Longwood Medical Area. Harvard's $37.6 billion financial endowment is the largest of any academic institution."
] |
5727aec03acd2414000de991
|
2f20b1e6-37df-497a-9f05-5735fea4b3fb
|
Where is Harvard Stadium located ?
| 0.333333
|
86127126-42ca-4b84-bb60-0d41e4e79a1e
|
Allston
|
Harvard_University
|
[
"The Harvard Business School and many of the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located on a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston. The John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge over the Charles River connecting both campuses. The Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and the Harvard School of Public Health are located on a 21-acre (8.5 ha) campus in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston and 3.3 miles (5.3 km) south of the Cambridge campus."
] |
5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576
|
2f20b1e6-37df-497a-9f05-5735fea4b3fb
|
When was die divestment from South South South ?
| 0.333333
|
f4fe349d-c992-4d05-a4e6-339c52cd1a11
|
late 1980s
|
Harvard_University
|
[
"During the divestment from South Africa movement in the late 1980s, student activists erected a symbolic \"shantytown\" on Harvard Yard and blockaded a speech given by South African Vice Consul Duke Kent-Brown. The Harvard Management Company repeatedly refused to divest, stating that \"operating expenses must not be subject to financially unrealistic strictures or carping by the unsophisticated or by special interest groups.\" However, the university did eventually reduce its South African holdings by $230 million (out of $400 million) in response to the pressure."
] |
5727d0f73acd2414000ded13
|
2f20b1e6-37df-497a-9f05-5735fea4b3fb
|
What is die applicant Zulassungsquote Zulassungsquote for Jahrgangs of 2019 ?
| 0.454545
|
9c8b8a10-033f-42e2-b2aa-3ff8bf2e0451
|
5.3%
|
Harvard_University
|
[
"Undergraduate admission to Harvard is characterized by the Carnegie Foundation as \"more selective, lower transfer-in\". Harvard College accepted 5.3% of applicants for the class of 2019, a record low and the second lowest acceptance rate among all national universities. Harvard College ended its early admissions program in 2007 as the program was believed to disadvantage low-income and under-represented minority applicants applying to selective universities, yet for the class of 2016 an Early Action program was reintroduced."
] |
5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f
|
2f20b1e6-37df-497a-9f05-5735fea4b3fb
|
What UN-Sekretär UN-Sekretär went to Harvard ?
| 0.428571
|
bb9edb5a-8423-41db-8c7c-2f6f7d9a64d1
|
Ban Ki-moon
|
Harvard_University
|
[
"Politics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Chilean President Sebastián Piñera; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President José María Figueres; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calderón, Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston; Indian Member of Parliament Jayant Sinha; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau; Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; Pakistani Members of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Bangladesh Minister of Finance Abul Maal Abdul Muhith; President of Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali; U.S. Ambassador to the European Union Anthony Luzzatto Gardner."
] |
5727de862ca10214002d9860
|
2f20b1e6-37df-497a-9f05-5735fea4b3fb
|
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
test_half split from XQuAD https://huggingface.co/datasets/xxizhouu/RAGAS_xquad
PLUS
one impossible question(english) for each paragraph, taken from SQuAD 2.0
- test_id: shared uuid accross different spilt
- cmi: code mix index
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