| --- |
| pretty_name: MorphBench (German) |
| language: |
| - de |
| license: cc-by-sa-4.0 |
| tags: |
| - morphology |
| - tokenization |
| - evaluation |
| - german |
| dataset_info: |
| - config_name: task1_inflection |
| features: |
| - name: lemma |
| dtype: string |
| - name: feats |
| dtype: string |
| - name: target |
| dtype: string |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 835801 |
| num_examples: 11982 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 69889 |
| num_examples: 995 |
| - name: test |
| num_bytes: 138820 |
| num_examples: 1989 |
| - name: test_rare |
| num_bytes: 36938 |
| num_examples: 499 |
| - name: test_memorization |
| num_bytes: 32659 |
| num_examples: 498 |
| download_size: 393231 |
| dataset_size: 1114107 |
| - config_name: task2_deriv_segmentation |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: segmentation |
| dtype: string |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 583722 |
| num_examples: 10000 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 59481 |
| num_examples: 1000 |
| - name: test_main |
| num_bytes: 118920 |
| num_examples: 1966 |
| - name: test_memorization |
| num_bytes: 28135 |
| num_examples: 500 |
| - name: test_oov |
| num_bytes: 31843 |
| num_examples: 500 |
| download_size: 348072 |
| dataset_size: 822101 |
| - config_name: task3_derivation |
| features: |
| - name: base |
| dtype: string |
| - name: affix |
| dtype: string |
| - name: target |
| dtype: string |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 610293 |
| num_examples: 9935 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 62389 |
| num_examples: 998 |
| - name: test_main |
| num_bytes: 126360 |
| num_examples: 1992 |
| - name: test_memorization |
| num_bytes: 29265 |
| num_examples: 494 |
| - name: test_oov |
| num_bytes: 33410 |
| num_examples: 500 |
| download_size: 331468 |
| dataset_size: 861717 |
| - config_name: task4_compound |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: segmentation |
| dtype: string |
| - name: difficulty |
| dtype: string |
| - name: source |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 573352 |
| num_examples: 9982 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 57319 |
| num_examples: 997 |
| - name: test_main |
| num_bytes: 109111 |
| num_examples: 2000 |
| - name: test_rare |
| num_bytes: 6426 |
| num_examples: 117 |
| - name: test_memorization |
| num_bytes: 30049 |
| num_examples: 499 |
| - name: test_hardest |
| num_bytes: 30053 |
| num_examples: 495 |
| download_size: 437099 |
| dataset_size: 806310 |
| - config_name: task5_affix_function |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: function |
| dtype: string |
| - name: freq |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 345423 |
| num_examples: 5462 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 47312 |
| num_examples: 747 |
| - name: test |
| num_bytes: 98358 |
| num_examples: 1552 |
| download_size: 108713 |
| dataset_size: 491093 |
| - config_name: task6a_definition |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gloss |
| dtype: string |
| - name: base |
| dtype: string |
| - name: affix |
| dtype: string |
| - name: function |
| dtype: string |
| - name: derived_freq |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: base_exposure |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 1243576 |
| num_examples: 9131 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 165878 |
| num_examples: 1251 |
| - name: test_main |
| num_bytes: 42888 |
| num_examples: 327 |
| - name: test_main_oov |
| num_bytes: 68787 |
| num_examples: 480 |
| - name: test_rare |
| num_bytes: 51435 |
| num_examples: 379 |
| - name: test_memorization |
| num_bytes: 144907 |
| num_examples: 1022 |
| download_size: 946934 |
| dataset_size: 1717471 |
| - config_name: task6b_definition_mcq |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: base |
| dtype: string |
| - name: affix |
| dtype: string |
| - name: function |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gold_gloss |
| dtype: string |
| - name: distractors |
| sequence: string |
| - name: pretrain_status |
| dtype: string |
| - name: derived_freq |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: base_exposure |
| dtype: int64 |
| splits: |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 580104 |
| num_examples: 1242 |
| - name: main |
| num_bytes: 152581 |
| num_examples: 324 |
| - name: main_oov |
| num_bytes: 224637 |
| num_examples: 473 |
| - name: rare |
| num_bytes: 178322 |
| num_examples: 375 |
| - name: memorization |
| num_bytes: 480506 |
| num_examples: 1013 |
| download_size: 767173 |
| dataset_size: 1616150 |
| configs: |
| - config_name: task1_inflection |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: task1_inflection/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: task1_inflection/dev-* |
| - split: test |
| path: task1_inflection/test-* |
| - split: test_rare |
| path: task1_inflection/test_rare-* |
| - split: test_memorization |
| path: task1_inflection/test_memorization-* |
| - config_name: task2_deriv_segmentation |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: task2_deriv_segmentation/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: task2_deriv_segmentation/dev-* |
| - split: test_main |
| path: task2_deriv_segmentation/test_main-* |
| - split: test_memorization |
| path: task2_deriv_segmentation/test_memorization-* |
| - split: test_oov |
| path: task2_deriv_segmentation/test_oov-* |
| - config_name: task3_derivation |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: task3_derivation/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: task3_derivation/dev-* |
| - split: test_main |
| path: task3_derivation/test_main-* |
| - split: test_memorization |
| path: task3_derivation/test_memorization-* |
| - split: test_oov |
| path: task3_derivation/test_oov-* |
| - config_name: task4_compound |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: task4_compound/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: task4_compound/dev-* |
| - split: test_main |
| path: task4_compound/test_main-* |
| - split: test_rare |
| path: task4_compound/test_rare-* |
| - split: test_memorization |
| path: task4_compound/test_memorization-* |
| - split: test_hardest |
| path: task4_compound/test_hardest-* |
| - config_name: task5_affix_function |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: task5_affix_function/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: task5_affix_function/dev-* |
| - split: test |
| path: task5_affix_function/test-* |
| - config_name: task6a_definition |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: task6a_definition/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: task6a_definition/dev-* |
| - split: test_main |
| path: task6a_definition/test_main-* |
| - split: test_main_oov |
| path: task6a_definition/test_main_oov-* |
| - split: test_rare |
| path: task6a_definition/test_rare-* |
| - split: test_memorization |
| path: task6a_definition/test_memorization-* |
| - config_name: task6b_definition_mcq |
| data_files: |
| - split: dev |
| path: task6b_definition_mcq/dev-* |
| - split: main |
| path: task6b_definition_mcq/main-* |
| - split: main_oov |
| path: task6b_definition_mcq/main_oov-* |
| - split: rare |
| path: task6b_definition_mcq/rare-* |
| - split: memorization |
| path: task6b_definition_mcq/memorization-* |
| - config_name: verb_cloze |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: verb_cloze/train.jsonl |
| - split: validation |
| path: verb_cloze/validation.jsonl |
| - split: test |
| path: verb_cloze/test.jsonl |
| - split: test_rare |
| path: verb_cloze/test_rare.jsonl |
| --- |
| |
| # MorphBench — German Morphology Evaluation Suite |
|
|
| A benchmark for **morphology-aware tokenizers and language models** in German. |
| Eight numbered tasks probe inflection, segmentation, derivation, compounding, affix |
| semantics, and whole-word meaning. Each task is a **config**; difficulty/generalization |
| tiers are **splits**. |
|
|
| ```python |
| from datasets import load_dataset |
| ds = load_dataset("yuanxin112/morphbench-de", "task3_derivation", split="test_main") |
| ``` |
|
|
| ## Tasks |
|
|
| ### `task1_inflection` |
| Produce the inflected form from a lemma + features. |
| **input** `interagieren` + `v;ind;pl;1;pst` → **output** `interagierten` |
| columns: `lemma, feats, target, status` |
| |
| ### `task2_deriv_segmentation` — *derivational segmentation* |
| Split a **derived** word into base + affix. |
| **input** `Dreher` → **output** `drehen|er` |
| columns: `word, segmentation, status` |
| |
| ### `task3_derivation` |
| Build the derived word from a base + affix. |
| **input** `Apotheke` + `pflichtig` → **output** `apothekenpflichtig` |
| columns: `base, affix, target, status` |
|
|
| ### `task4_compound` |
| Split a compound into its parts. |
| **input** `Freiheitsheld` → **output** `Freiheit|Held` |
| columns: `word, segmentation, difficulty, source` |
| |
| ### `task5_affix_function` |
| Given a derived word, classify the **semantic function of its affix** (13 classes: |
| `negation, without, agent_person, make_become, …`). |
| **input** `stimmlos` → **output** `without` |
| columns: `word, function, freq, status` |
| |
| ### `task6a_definition` |
| Generate the dictionary gloss of a derived word. |
| **input** `Malocher` → **output** `Arbeitnehmer, der überwiegend körperlich hart … arbeitet` |
| columns: `word, gloss, base, affix, function, derived_freq, base_exposure, status` |
|
|
| ### `task6b_definition_mcq` |
| Multiple-choice version of 6a: pick the correct gloss among hard distractors. |
| columns: `word, base, affix, function, gold_gloss, distractors, pretrain_status, derived_freq, base_exposure` |
|
|
| ## Splits — how items are bucketed |
|
|
| Every test split is defined by the **pretraining exposure** of the item's parts |
| (frequency in the BabyLM-style German training corpus): *seen* = frequency above a |
| threshold, *unseen* = frequency 0. The headline idea everywhere is **the target is |
| UNSEEN while its base/lemma IS seen** (compositional generalization); `memorization` |
| and `rare`/`OOV`/`hardest` are the seen / harder controls. `train`, `dev` are |
| training / validation. |
|
|
| **`task1_inflection`** — by *(lemma seen?)* × *(this form seen?)*: |
| |
| | split | condition | |
| |-------|-----------| |
| | `test` (main) | lemma seen, form **unseen** | |
| | `test_memorization` | lemma seen, form seen | |
| | `test_rare` | lemma **unseen**, form unseen | |
| |
| **`task2_deriv_segmentation`, `task3_derivation`** — by *(base seen?)* × *(derived seen?)*, where *seen* = corpus freq ≥ 1: |
|
|
| | split | condition | |
| |-------|-----------| |
| | `test_main` | base seen, derived **unseen** (compositional generalization) | |
| | `test_memorization` | base seen, derived seen | |
| | `test_OOV` | base **unseen**, derived unseen | |
|
|
| **`task4_compound`** — by *(compound word seen?)* × *(all components seen?)*, where compound *seen* = freq ≥ 1 and a component is *seen* = freq ≥ 5: |
| |
| | split | condition | what it tests | |
| |-------|-----------|---------------| |
| | `test_main` | compound **unseen**, all components seen | compositional generalization | |
| | `test_memorization` | compound seen, all components seen | rote recall | |
| | `test_rare` | compound seen, some component rare | mixed | |
| | `test_hardest` | compound **unseen**, some component unseen | hardest | |
| |
| **`task6a_definition`, `task6b_definition_mcq`** — by the derived word's corpus frequency `derived_freq`, splitting the *unseen* case by `base_exposure`: |
|
|
| | split | condition | |
| |-------|-----------| |
| | `memorization` | `derived_freq ≥ 20` | |
| | `rare` | `derived_freq` 1–5 | |
| | `main` | `derived_freq = 0` and `base_exposure ≥ 300` (base familiar) | |
| | `main_oov` | `derived_freq = 0` and `base_exposure < 300` (base also OOV) | |
|
|
| **`task5_affix_function`** uses a plain `train` / `dev` / `test` split (no difficulty buckets). The `status` / `pretrain_cell` column on each row |
| records the exposure cell directly, e.g. `base_seen+derived_unseen`, `lem_seen+form_unseen`. |
|
|
| > Note: the German "seen" thresholds are lower than the English suite (derivation/ |
| > segmentation use freq ≥ 1; definition uses `derived_freq ≥ 20`, `base_exposure ≥ 300`). |
|
|
| ## Provenance |
|
|
| Built from German Wiktionary (via [kaikki.org](https://kaikki.org) / wiktextract) and UniMorph. |
| Companion lexical resource: [`yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph). |
| English counterpart: [`yuanxin112/morphbench-en`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/yuanxin112/morphbench-en). |
|
|
| ## License |
|
|
| Derived from Wiktionary — [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); |
| attribute Wiktionary and its contributors. |
|
|
| ## `verb_cloze` — Contextual Verb-Inflection Cloze (added config) |
| |
| Leave-one-out cloze: given a verb `lemma`, partial `feats` (one morphological |
| dimension withheld), and a natural sentence with the target verb replaced by a |
| blank marker, generate the inflected form. Splits are **lemma-disjoint**. |
| Sentences come from Universal Dependencies treebanks (a *derivative*; CC BY-SA |
| 4.0 — verify per-treebank licenses, e.g. English ParTUT is CC BY-NC-SA). |
| |
| ```python |
| from datasets import load_dataset |
| ds = load_dataset("yuanxin112/morphbench-de", "verb_cloze") |
| ``` |
| |
| |
