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Article: Mathematics. Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many areas of mathematics, which include number theory (the study of numbers), algebra (the study of formu... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Summary | 323 | 1,863 | null |
Historically, the concept of a proof and its associated mathematical rigour first appeared in Greek mathematics, most notably in Euclid's Elements. Since its beginning, mathematics was primarily divided into geometry and arithmetic (the manipulation of natural numbers and fractions), until the 16th and 17th centuries, ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Summary | 156 | 874 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics. Before the Renaissance, mathematics was divided into two main areas: arithmetic, regarding the manipulation of numbers, and geometry, regarding the study of shapes. Some types of pseudoscience, such as numerology and astrology, were not then clearly distinguished from mathematics. During ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics | 325 | 1,782 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics > Number theory. Number theory began with the manipulation of numbers, that is, natural numbers ( N ) , {\displaystyle (\mathbb {N} ),} and later expanded to integers ( Z ) {\displaystyle (\mathbb {Z} )} and rational numbers ( Q ) . {\displaystyle (\mathbb {Q} ).} Number theory was once ca... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Number theory | 337 | 1,581 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics > Geometry. Geometry is one of the oldest branches of mathematics. It started with empirical recipes concerning shapes, such as lines, angles and circles, which were developed mainly for the needs of surveying and architecture, but has since blossomed out into many other subfields. A funda... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Geometry | 339 | 1,785 | null |
Geometry was split into two new subfields: synthetic geometry, which uses purely geometrical methods, and analytic geometry, which uses coordinates systemically. Analytic geometry allows the study of curves unrelated to circles and lines. Such curves can be defined as the graph of functions, the study of which led to d... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Geometry | 340 | 1,832 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics > Algebra. Algebra is the art of manipulating equations and formulas. Diophantus (3rd century) and al-Khwarizmi (9th century) were the two main precursors of algebra. Diophantus solved some equations involving unknown natural numbers by deducing new relations until he obtained the solution... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Algebra | 324 | 1,696 | null |
The scope of algebra thus grew to include the study of algebraic structures. This object of algebra was called modern algebra or abstract algebra, as established by the influence and works of Emmy Noether, and popularized by Van der Waerden's book Moderne Algebra. Some types of algebraic structures have useful and ofte... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Algebra | 229 | 1,254 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics > Calculus and analysis. Calculus, formerly called infinitesimal calculus, was introduced independently and simultaneously by 17th-century mathematicians Newton and Leibniz. It is fundamentally the study of the relationship of variables that depend on each other. Calculus was expanded in t... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Calculus and analysis | 198 | 1,206 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics > Discrete mathematics. Discrete mathematics, broadly speaking, is the study of individual, countable mathematical objects. An example is the set of all integers. Because the objects of study here are discrete, the methods of calculus and mathematical analysis do not directly apply. Algori... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Discrete mathematics | 268 | 1,580 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics > Mathematical logic and set theory. The two subjects of mathematical logic and set theory have belonged to mathematics since the end of the 19th century. Before this period, sets were not considered to be mathematical objects, and logic, although used for mathematical proofs, belonged to ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Mathematical logic and set theory | 344 | 1,883 | null |
The "nature" of the objects defined this way is a philosophical problem that mathematicians leave to philosophers, even if many mathematicians have opinions on this nature, and use their opinion—sometimes called "intuition"—to guide their study and proofs. The approach allows considering "logics" (that is, sets of allo... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Mathematical logic and set theory | 276 | 1,432 | null |
Section: Areas of mathematics > Statistics and other decision sciences. The field of statistics is a mathematical application that is employed for the collection and processing of data samples, using procedures based on mathematical methods especially probability theory. Statisticians generate data with random sampling... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Areas of mathematics > Statistics and other decision sciences | 187 | 1,082 | null |
Section: History > Etymology. The word mathematics comes from the Ancient Greek word máthēma (μάθημα), meaning 'something learned, knowledge, mathematics', and the derived expression mathēmatikḗ tékhnē (μαθηματικὴ τέχνη), meaning 'mathematical science'. It entered the English language during the Late Middle English per... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - History > Etymology | 287 | 1,185 | null |
This change has resulted in several mistranslations: For example, Saint Augustine's warning that Christians should beware of mathematici, meaning "astrologers", is sometimes mistranslated as a condemnation of mathematicians. The apparent plural form in English goes back to the Latin neuter plural mathematica (Cicero), ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - History > Etymology | 166 | 723 | null |
Section: History > Ancient. In addition to recognizing how to count physical objects, prehistoric peoples may have also known how to count abstract quantities, like time—days, seasons, or years. Evidence for more complex mathematics does not appear until around 3000 BC, when the Babylonians and Egyptians began using ar... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - History > Ancient | 325 | 1,649 | null |
287 – c. 212 BC) of Syracuse. He developed formulas for calculating the surface area and volume of solids of revolution and used the method of exhaustion to calculate the area under the arc of a parabola with the summation of an infinite series, in a manner not too dissimilar from modern calculus. Other notable achieve... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - History > Ancient | 192 | 911 | null |
Section: History > Medieval and later. During the Golden Age of Islam, especially during the 9th and 10th centuries, mathematics saw many important innovations building on Greek mathematics. The most notable achievement of Islamic mathematics was the development of algebra. Other achievements of the Islamic period incl... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - History > Medieval and later | 330 | 1,729 | null |
Perhaps the foremost mathematician of the 19th century was the German mathematician Carl Gauss, who made numerous contributions to fields such as algebra, analysis, differential geometry, matrix theory, number theory, and statistics. In the early 20th century, Kurt Gödel transformed mathematics by publishing his incomp... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - History > Medieval and later | 218 | 1,141 | null |
Section: Symbolic notation and terminology. Mathematical notation is widely used in science and engineering for representing complex concepts and properties in a concise, unambiguous, and accurate way. This notation consists of symbols used for representing operations, unspecified numbers, relations and any other mathe... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Symbolic notation and terminology | 343 | 1,790 | null |
A proven instance that forms part of a more general finding is termed a corollary. Numerous technical terms used in mathematics are neologisms, such as polynomial and homeomorphism. Other technical terms are words of the common language that are used in an accurate meaning that may differ slightly from their common mea... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Symbolic notation and terminology | 183 | 866 | null |
Section: Relationship with sciences. Mathematics is used in most sciences for modeling phenomena, which then allows predictions to be made from experimental laws. The independence of mathematical truth from any experimentation implies that the accuracy of such predictions depends only on the adequacy of the model. Inac... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Relationship with sciences | 298 | 1,604 | null |
Section: Relationship with sciences > Pure and applied mathematics. Until the 19th century, the development of mathematics in the West was mainly motivated by the needs of technology and science, and there was no clear distinction between pure and applied mathematics. For example, the natural numbers and arithmetic wer... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Relationship with sciences > Pure and applied mathematics | 320 | 1,750 | null |
Many of the theories developed for applications were found interesting from the point of view of pure mathematics, and many results of pure mathematics were shown to have applications outside mathematics; in turn, the study of these applications may give new insights on the "pure theory". An example of the first case i... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Relationship with sciences > Pure and applied mathematics | 264 | 1,486 | null |
Section: Relationship with sciences > Unreasonable effectiveness. The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics is a phenomenon that was named and first made explicit by physicist Eugene Wigner. It is the fact that many mathematical theories (even the "purest") have applications outside their initial object. These appl... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Relationship with sciences > Unreasonable effectiveness | 338 | 1,850 | null |
Section: Relationship with sciences > Specific sciences > Social sciences. Areas of mathematics used in the social sciences include probability/statistics and differential equations. These are used in linguistics, economics, sociology, and psychology. Often the fundamental postulate of mathematical economics is that of... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Relationship with sciences > Specific sciences > Social sciences | 332 | 1,781 | null |
Section: Philosophy > Reality. The connection between mathematics and material reality has led to philosophical debates since at least the time of Pythagoras. The ancient philosopher Plato argued that abstractions that reflect material reality have themselves a reality that exists outside space and time. As a result, t... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Philosophy > Reality | 282 | 1,514 | null |
Section: Philosophy > Proposed definitions. There is no general consensus about the definition of mathematics or its epistemological status—that is, its place inside knowledge. A great many professional mathematicians take no interest in a definition of mathematics, or consider it undefinable. There is not even consens... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Philosophy > Proposed definitions | 333 | 1,828 | null |
Section: Philosophy > Rigor. Mathematical reasoning requires rigor. This means that the definitions must be absolutely unambiguous and the proofs must be reducible to a succession of applications of inference rules, without any use of empirical evidence and intuition. Rigorous reasoning is not specific to mathematics, ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Philosophy > Rigor | 319 | 1,694 | null |
At the end of the 19th century, it appeared that the definitions of the basic concepts of mathematics were not accurate enough for avoiding paradoxes (non-Euclidean geometries and Weierstrass function) and contradictions (Russell's paradox). This was solved by the inclusion of axioms with the apodictic inference rules ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Philosophy > Rigor | 205 | 944 | null |
Section: Training and practice > Education. Mathematics has a remarkable ability to cross cultural boundaries and time periods. As a human activity, the practice of mathematics has a social side, which includes education, careers, recognition, popularization, and so on. In education, mathematics is a core part of the c... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Training and practice > Education | 333 | 1,764 | null |
The oldest journal addressing instruction in mathematics was L'Enseignement Mathématique, which began publication in 1899. The Western advancements in science and technology led to the establishment of centralized education systems in many nation-states, with mathematics as a core component—initially for its military a... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Training and practice > Education | 217 | 1,281 | null |
Section: Training and practice > Psychology (aesthetic, creativity and intuition). The validity of a mathematical theorem relies only on the rigor of its proof, which could theoretically be done automatically by a computer program. This does not mean that there is no place for creativity in a mathematical work. On the ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Training and practice > Psychology (aesthetic, creativity and intuition) | 332 | 1,771 | null |
Section: Cultural impact > Artistic expression. Notes that sound well together to a Western ear are sounds whose fundamental frequencies of vibration are in simple ratios. For example, an octave doubles the frequency and a perfect fifth multiplies it by 3 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}} . Humans, as well as some other... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Cultural impact > Artistic expression | 211 | 922 | null |
Section: Cultural impact > Awards and prize problems. The most prestigious award in mathematics is the Fields Medal, established in 1936 and awarded every four years (except around World War II) to up to four individuals. It is considered the mathematical equivalent of the Nobel Prize. Other prestigious mathematics awa... | Wikipedia - Mathematics - Cultural impact > Awards and prize problems | 248 | 1,268 | null |
Section: Features. The main features of the mathematical language are the following. Use of common words with a derived meaning, generally more specific and more precise. For example, "or" means "one, the other or both", while, in common language, "both" is sometimes included and sometimes not. Also, a "line" is straig... | Wikipedia - Language of mathematics - Features | 342 | 1,416 | null |
Section: Understanding mathematical text. The consequence of these features is that a mathematical text is generally not understandable without some prerequisite knowledge. For example, the sentence "a free module is a module that has a basis" is perfectly correct, although it appears only as a grammatically correct no... | Wikipedia - Language of mathematics - Understanding mathematical text | 265 | 1,422 | null |
Section: Examinations and Olympiads > National Mathematics Talent Contest. AMTI conducts a National Mathematics Talent Contest or NMTC at Primary(Gauss Contest) (Standards 4 to 6), Sub-junior (Kaprekar Contest) (Standards 7 and 8), Junior (Bhaskara Contest) (Standards 9 and 10), Inter(Ramanujan Contest) (Standards 11 a... | Wikipedia - Association of Mathematics Teachers of India - Examinations and Olympiads > National Mathematics Talent Contest | 226 | 1,060 | null |
Article: Chennai Mathematical Institute. Chennai Mathematical Institute (CMI) is a higher education and research institute in Chennai, India. It was founded in 1989 by the SPIC Science Foundation, and offers undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in physics, mathematics and computer science. CMI is noted for its res... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - Summary | 171 | 823 | null |
Section: History. CMI began as the School of Mathematics, SPIC Science Foundation, in 1989. The SPIC Science Foundation was set up in 1986 by Southern Petrochemical Industries Corporation (SPIC) Ltd., one of the major industrial houses in India, to foster the growth of science and technology in the country. In 1996, th... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - History | 342 | 1,572 | null |
Section: Campus. CMI moved into its new campus on 5 acres (20,000 m2) of land at the SIPCOT Information Technology Park in Siruseri in October, 2005. The campus is located along the Old Mahabalipuram Road, which is developing as the IT corridor to the south of the city. The library block and the student's hostel were c... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - Campus | 187 | 938 | null |
Section: Academics > Academic programmes. CMI has Ph.D. programmes in Computer Sciences, Mathematics and Physics. Recently, CMI has introduced the possibility of students pursuing a part-time Ph.D. at the institute. Since 1998, CMI has offered a B.Sc.(Hons) degree in Mathematics and Computer Science. This three-year pr... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - Academics > Academic programmes | 345 | 1,541 | null |
However, in 2012, the B.Sc. degree in Physics was restructured as an integrated B.Sc. degree in Mathematics and Physics. Degrees for the B.Sc. and M.Sc. programmes were earlier offered by MPBOU, the Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University and doctoral degrees by Madras University. After CMI became a deemed university, it g... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - Academics > Academic programmes | 155 | 737 | null |
Section: Academics > Admission criteria. The entrance to each of these courses is based on a nationwide entrance test. The advertisement for this entrance test appears around the end of February or the beginning of March. The entrance test is held in the end of May and is usually scheduled so as not to clash with major... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - Academics > Admission criteria | 205 | 1,026 | null |
Section: Academics > Arrangements with other Institutes. Till 2006, students received their B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees from MPBOU and their Ph.D. degrees from Madras University. CMI conducts its academic programmes in conjunction with IMSc, so students from either institute can take courses at the other. CMI has agreement... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - Academics > Arrangements with other Institutes | 339 | 1,552 | null |
Section: Research. In mathematics, the main areas of research activity have been in algebraic geometry, representation theory, operator algebra, commutative algebra, harmonic analysis, control theory and game theory. Research work includes stratification of binary forms in representation theory, the Donaldson-Uhlenbeck... | Wikipedia - Chennai Mathematical Institute - Research | 224 | 1,206 | null |
Section: History. Mathematics in Kerala, during the times of Madhava of Sangamagrama, majorly flourished in the Muziris region of Thrikkandiyur, Thirur, Alattiyur, and Tirunavaya in the Malabar region of Kerala. Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics flourished between the 14th and 16th centuries. Commemorating the... | Wikipedia - Kerala School of Mathematics, Kozhikode - History | 254 | 1,068 | null |
Section: Contests. MSF Challenge: An annual contest, first held in 2006, to encourage school students to use computers for mathematical problem solving. Recognizing Ramanujan: An annual contest, first held in 2019, to encourage school students in adapting to unique thinking ability in mathematical problem solving. This... | Wikipedia - Mathematical Sciences Foundation - Contests | 172 | 856 | null |
Section: History. The University of Madras was incorporated in 1857 and the Department of Mathematics was an integral part of the university from its beginning. The department developed from its early years to become a centre of research in mathematics with the appointment of R. Vaidyanathaswamy as a Reader in Mathemat... | Wikipedia - Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics - History | 343 | 1,646 | null |
The Asoka charitable Trust Started Ramanujan Institute of Mathematics in January, 1950 and as the Institute found itself in financial difficulties, Government of India agreed in 1953-54 to meet the expenses of a chair for Mathematics at the Institute Object to the condition that the Trust Would continue to spend the am... | Wikipedia - Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics - History | 346 | 1,793 | null |
Pillai, noted number theorist, V. Ganapathy Iyer, analyst and Norbert Wiener. After the demise of T. Vijayaraghavan in 1955, C.T. Rajagopal took over as the Director of the Institute. From 1957 to 1966, the Department of Mathematics and the Ramanujan Institute of Mathematics functioned as independent bodies under the U... | Wikipedia - Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics - History | 198 | 898 | null |
Section: Ramanujan Museum. Utilising a grant of Rs. 1 lakh received as UGC Special Assistance for Equipment and with the help of the Vikram A. Sarabhai Community Science Centre, Ahmedabad a Mathematical Laboratory was established in the institute. About 65 mathematical models were acquired under the scheme. These model... | Wikipedia - Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics - Ramanujan Museum | 273 | 1,368 | null |
Section: History > 1960s. The Joint Mathematical Council was formed in 1963 to improve the teaching of mathematics in UK schools. The Ministry of Education had been created in 1944, which became the Department of Education and Science in 1964. The Schools Council was formed in 1964, which regulated the syllabus of exam... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - History > 1960s | 215 | 1,099 | null |
Section: History > 1970s. Decimal Day, on 15 February 1971, allowed less time on numerical calculations at school. The Metric system has curtailed lengthy calculations as well; the US, conversely, largely does not have the metric system. At Ruskin College on Monday 18 October 1976 Labour Prime Minister Jim Callaghan ma... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - History > 1970s | 261 | 1,287 | null |
Section: History > 1980s. Electronic calculators began to be owned at school from the early 1980s, becoming widespread from the mid-1980s. Parents and teachers believed that calculators would diminish abilities of mental arithmetic. Scientific calculators came to the aid for those working out logarithms and trigonometr... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - History > 1980s | 249 | 1,299 | null |
Section: History > 1990s. From the 1990s, mainly the late 1990s, computers became integrated into mathematics education at primary and secondary levels in the UK. On Wednesday 18 November 1992 exam league tables were published for 108 local authorities, in England, under the Education Secretary John Patten, Baron Patte... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - History > 1990s | 349 | 1,755 | null |
Section: History > 2000s. Mathematics and Computing Colleges were introduced in 2002 as part of the widened specialist schools programme; by 2007 there were 222 of these in England. The Excellence in Cities report was launched in March 1999, which led to the Advanced Extension Award in 2002, replacing the S-level for t... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - History > 2000s | 349 | 1,674 | null |
Section: History > 2010s. The HEA subject centres closed in August 2011. In September 2012 Prof Jeremy Hodgen, the chairman of the British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics, produced a report made by Durham University and KCL, where 7,000 children at secondary school took 1970s Maths exams. Maths exams res... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - History > 2010s | 264 | 1,298 | null |
Section: Nations > England. Mathematics education in England up to the age of 19 is provided in the National Curriculum by the Department for Education, which was established in 2010. Early years education is called the Early Years Foundation Stage in England, which includes arithmetic. In England there are 24,300 scho... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Nations > England | 325 | 1,896 | null |
Section: Relation to other countries. In the 1980s the education researcher Sig Prais looked at mathematics education in Germany and the UK. He found that the teaching of mathematics of an appropriate level, in Germany, worked much better than to bludgeon all levels of mathematics onto all abilities in British comprehe... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Relation to other countries | 169 | 852 | null |
Section: Secondary level > Mathematics teachers. Qualifications vary by region; the East Midlands and London have the most degree-qualified Maths teachers and North East England the least. For England about 40% mostly have a maths degree and around 20% have a BSc degree with QTS or a BEd degree. Around 20% have a PGCE,... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Secondary level > Mathematics teachers | 154 | 704 | null |
Section: Sixth-form level. You will need at least grade 6 at GCSE to study Maths in the sixth form, and many sixth forms will only accept people with a grade 7 at GCSE. At A-level, participation by gender is broadly mixed; about 60% of A-level entrants are male, and around 40% are female. Further Mathematics is an addi... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Sixth-form level | 313 | 1,341 | null |
Section: Sixth-form level > Core Maths. People not taking Maths A-level can take the Core Mathematics Level 3 Certificate, developed by Mathematics in Education and Industry in Wiltshire. It was introduced by education minister Liz Truss from September 2015; her father was a university Maths lecturer. From 2014 it had ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Sixth-form level > Core Maths | 166 | 821 | null |
Section: Broadcasting > Television. Educational series on television have included Mathematics and Life, BBC TV 18 September 1961 on Mondays at 11am, repeated on Fridays at 2pm, presented by Hugh David, produced by Donald Grattan Pure Mathematics, BBC TV 17 September 1962 on Mondays and Wednesdays at 10am, repeated on ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Broadcasting > Television | 323 | 1,452 | null |
Educational series on television have included Mathematics and Life, BBC TV 18 September 1961 on Mondays at 11am, repeated on Fridays at 2pm, presented by Hugh David, produced by Donald Grattan Pure Mathematics, BBC TV 17 September 1962 on Mondays and Wednesdays at 10am, repeated on Wednesday and Fridays at 9.30am, for... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Broadcasting > Television | 413 | 1,857 | null |
Mathematics '64, BBC2 on Tuesdays at 7.30pm a 20-part series presented by Alan Tammadge, Raymond Cuninghame-Green, Frank Yates, Stuart Hollingdale, Peter Coaker and Geoffrey Matthews, of 'Tuesday Term', with Wilfred Cockcroft, produced by David Roseveare Mathematics in Action: A Course in Statistics, BBC2 16 September ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Broadcasting > Television | 350 | 1,522 | null |
Cain (attended Emanuel School and UCL) and Harry Levinson; repeated April 1967, April 1968, April 1969, April 1970, and April 1971 Maths Today, BBC1 21 September 1967 on Thursdays at 10.30am with repeats on Fridays at 10am, Mondays at 10.30am, and Wednesdays at 11.30am, a two-year series for the first and second years ... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Broadcasting > Television | 281 | 1,251 | null |
Square Two, BBC2 14 January 1970 on Wednesdays at 7pm, repeated on Saturdays on BBC1 at 9.30am, a 30-part series for people who have left school, presented by Stewart Gartside, Bill Coleman and Alan Tammadge, produced by David Roseveare, written by Hilary Shuard, Douglas Quadling, Ronald Thompson, Leslie Williams and A... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Broadcasting > Television | 350 | 1,492 | null |
Section: Broadcasting > Radio. How Mathematicians Think, Third Programme 16 March 1950 on Thursdays at 7.30pm, with George Temple (mathematician) of KCL, Gerald James Whitrow of Imperial College, and Charles Coulson of KCL New Paths in Pure Mathematics, Third Programme 28 November 1950 on Wednesdays at 6.20pm, with par... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Broadcasting > Radio | 326 | 1,468 | null |
Section: Results by region in England. Of all A-level entrants at Key Stage 5, 23% take Maths A-level, with 16% of all female entrants and 30% of all male entrants; 4% of all entrants take Further Maths, with 2% of female entrants and 6% of male entrants. By number of A-level entries, 11.0% were Maths A-levels with 7.7... | Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United Kingdom - Results by region in England | 203 | 716 | null |
Section: Further Maths IGCSE and Additional Maths FSMQ in England. Starting from 2012, Edexcel and AQA have started a new course which is an IGCSE in Further Maths. Edexcel and AQA both offer completely different courses, with Edexcel including the calculation of solids formed through integration, and AQA not including... | Wikipedia - Additional Mathematics - Further Maths IGCSE and Additional Maths FSMQ in England | 235 | 994 | null |
Section: Additional Mathematics in Malaysia. In Malaysia, Additional Mathematics is offered as an elective to upper secondary students within the public education system. This subject is included in the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia examination. Science stream students are required to apply for Additional Mathematics as one... | Wikipedia - Additional Mathematics - Additional Mathematics in Malaysia | 345 | 1,757 | null |
Section B contains 4 questions where students are given the choice to answer 3 out of 4 of them. Section C contains 4 questions where students are only required to answer 2 out of 4 of the given questions. All Section C questions are based on the same chapters every year and are thus predictable. A question in Section ... | Wikipedia - Additional Mathematics - Additional Mathematics in Malaysia | 152 | 729 | null |
Section: Additional Mathematics in Hong Kong. In Hong Kong, the syllabus of HKCEE additional mathematics covered three main topics, algebra, calculus and analytic geometry. In algebra, the topics covered include mathematical induction, binomial theorem, quadratic equations, trigonometry, inequalities, 2D-vectors and co... | Wikipedia - Additional Mathematics - Additional Mathematics in Hong Kong | 176 | 913 | null |
Article: Advanced Extension Award. The Advanced Extension Awards are a type of school-leaving qualification in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, usually taken in the final year of schooling (age 17/18), and designed to allow students to "demonstrate their knowledge, understanding and skills to the full". Currently, ... | Wikipedia - Advanced Extension Award - Summary | 175 | 892 | null |
Section: Results. According to EducationGuardian.co.uk, in 2004, 50.4% of the 7246 entrants failed to achieve a grade at all (fail), indicating that the awards are fulfilling their role in separating the elite. Only 18.3% of students attained the top of the two grades available, the Distinction, with the next 31.3% of ... | Wikipedia - Advanced Extension Award - Results | 156 | 703 | null |
Section: Available subjects. Due to the small numbers of candidates for each subject, the exam boards divided the subjects offered amongst themselves, so that – unlike A-levels – each AEA was only offered by one board. Biology (including Human Biology) (AQA) Business (OCR) Chemistry (AQA) Critical Thinking (OCR) Econom... | Wikipedia - Advanced Extension Award - Available subjects | 157 | 577 | null |
Section: Partial withdrawal. The last AEA examinations across the full range of subjects took place in June 2009, with results issued in August 2009. The Advanced Extension Award was then withdrawn for all subjects except mathematics. This came after the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ) decided that the new A* gr... | Wikipedia - Advanced Extension Award - Partial withdrawal | 235 | 1,188 | null |
Article: Advanced level mathematics. Advanced Level (A-Level) Mathematics is a qualification of further education taken in the United Kingdom (and occasionally other countries as well). In the UK, A-Level exams are traditionally taken by 17-18 year-olds after a two-year course at a sixth form or college. Advanced Level... | Wikipedia - Advanced level mathematics - Summary | 339 | 1,844 | null |
Section: 2000s specification > Further mathematics. Students that were studying for (or had completed) an A-level in Mathematics had the opportunity to study an A-level in Further Mathematics, which required taking a further 6 modules to give a second qualification. The grades of the two A-levels will be independent of... | Wikipedia - Advanced level mathematics - 2000s specification > Further mathematics | 332 | 1,623 | null |
Section: Grading. It was suggested by the Department for Education that the high proportion of candidates who obtain grade A makes it difficult for universities to distinguish between the most able candidates. As a result, the 2010 exam session introduced the grade A*—which serves to distinguish between the better cand... | Wikipedia - Advanced level mathematics - Grading | 263 | 1,100 | null |
Section: List of subjects. 1. Core Mathematics: Covers foundational topics like algebra, calculus, trigonometry, and coordinate geometry. 2. Further Mathematics: Expands upon Core Mathematics with additional areas such as complex numbers, matrices, differential equations, and numerical methods. 3. Pure Mathematics: Exp... | Wikipedia - Advanced level mathematics - List of subjects | 222 | 1,221 | null |
Article: The Archimedeans. The Archimedeans are the mathematical society of the University of Cambridge, founded in 1935. It currently has over 2000 active members, many of them alumni, making it one of the largest student societies in Cambridge. The society hosts regular talks at the Centre for Mathematical Sciences, ... | Wikipedia - The Archimedeans - Summary | 192 | 956 | null |
Section: Publications. Eureka is a mathematical journal that is published annually by The Archimedeans. It includes articles on a variety of topics in mathematics, written by students and academics from all over the world, as well as a short summary of the activities of the society, problem sets, puzzles, artwork and b... | Wikipedia - The Archimedeans - Publications | 180 | 882 | null |
Section: Guiding principles. ATM lists as its guiding principles: The ability to operate mathematically is an aspect of human functioning which is as universal as language itself. Attention needs constantly to be drawn to this fact. Any possibility of intimidating with mathematical expertise is to be avoided. The power... | Wikipedia - Association of Teachers of Mathematics - Guiding principles | 162 | 925 | null |
Section: Career. Bellos's first job was working for The Argus in Brighton before moving to The Guardian in London in 1994. From 1998 to 2003 he was South America correspondent of The Guardian, and wrote Futebol: the Brazilian Way of Life. The book was well received in the UK, where it was nominated for sports book of t... | Wikipedia - Alex Bellos - Career | 327 | 1,452 | null |
Some of us wished we'd read it when we were 14 years old. If we'd taken the view that this is a book everyone ought to read, then it might have gone that way." Several translations of the book have been published. The Italian version, Il meraviglioso mondo dei numeri, won both the €10,000 Galileo Prize for science book... | Wikipedia - Alex Bellos - Career | 328 | 1,457 | null |
Section: Publications > On mathematics. (2010) Alex's Adventures in Numberland/Here's Looking at Euclid ISBN 1526623994 (2014) Alex Through the Looking-Glass: How Life Reflects Numbers and Numbers Reflect Life ISBN 1408817772 (2015) Snowflake Seashell Star: Colouring Adventures in Numberland with Edmund Harris ISBN 178... | Wikipedia - Alex Bellos - Publications > On mathematics | 224 | 856 | null |
Section: Publications > Awards and honours. 2019 Shortlisted for the Chalkdust Magazine Book of the Year for So You Think You've Got Problems? 2017 Shortlisted for the Blue Peter Book Award for Best Book with Facts for Football School: Where Football Explains the World 2012 Premio Letterario Galileo, winner, Il meravig... | Wikipedia - Alex Bellos - Publications > Awards and honours | 210 | 999 | null |
Article: Beyer Professor of Applied Mathematics. The Beyer Chair of Applied Mathematics is an endowed professorial position in the Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, England. The endowment came from the will of the celebrated locomotive designer and founder of locomotive builder Beyer, Peacock & Compa... | Wikipedia - Beyer Professor of Applied Mathematics - Summary | 274 | 1,476 | null |
Section: BMO Round 1. The first round of the BMO is held in November each year, and from 2006 is an open entry competition. The qualification to BMO Round 1 is through the Senior Mathematical Challenge or the Mathematical Olympiad for Girls. Students who do not make the qualification may be entered at the discretion of... | Wikipedia - British Mathematical Olympiad - BMO Round 1 | 326 | 1,514 | null |
While around 1000 gain automatic qualification to sit the BMO1 paper each year, the additional discretionary and international students means that since 2016, on average, around 1600 candidates have been entered for BMO1 each year. Although these candidates represent the very best mathematicians in their age group, the... | Wikipedia - British Mathematical Olympiad - BMO Round 1 | 347 | 1,564 | null |
Section: BMO Round 2. BMO2 (known as the Further International Selection Test, FIST from 1972 to 1991) is normally held in late January or early February, and is significantly more difficult than BMO1. BMO2 also lasts 3½ hours, but consists of only four questions, each worth 10 marks. Like the BMO1 paper, it is not des... | Wikipedia - British Mathematical Olympiad - BMO Round 2 | 223 | 1,036 | null |
Section: IMO Selection Papers. For more information about IMO selection in other countries, see International Mathematical Olympiad selection process Since 1985, further selection tests have been used after BMO2 to select the IMO team. (The team was selected following the single BMO paper from 1967 to 1971, then follow... | Wikipedia - British Mathematical Olympiad - IMO Selection Papers | 325 | 1,569 | null |
Article: British Mathematical Olympiad Subtrust. The British Mathematical Olympiad Subtrust (BMOS) is a section of the United Kingdom Mathematics Trust which currently runs the British Mathematical Olympiad as well as the UK Mathematical Olympiad for Girls, several training camps throughout the year such as a winter ca... | Wikipedia - British Mathematical Olympiad Subtrust - Summary | 152 | 891 | null |
Article: Christopher Budd (mathematician). Christopher John Budd (born 15 February 1960) is a British mathematician known especially for his contribution to non-linear differential equations and their applications in industry. He is currently Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Bath, and was Professor... | Wikipedia - Christopher Budd (mathematician) - Summary | 323 | 1,825 | null |
He is co-director of the interdisciplinary Centre for Nonlinear Mechanics at the University of Bath and is active in promoting interdisciplinary collaboration both nationally and internationally. Budd is a passionate populariser of mathematics, reflected in his appointment as Chair of Mathematics of the Royal Instituti... | Wikipedia - Christopher Budd (mathematician) - Summary | 241 | 1,184 | null |
Section: A - F. Rediet Abebe, graduate student at Pembroke College, Cambridge Frank Adams, fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, Lowndean Professor of Astronomy and Geometry 1970-1989 John Couch Adams, fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge 1843–1852; fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge 1853–1892; Lowndean Professor... | Wikipedia - List of Cambridge mathematicians - A - F | 329 | 1,551 | null |
W. S. Cassels, fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge 1949–1984; Sadleirian Professor of Pure Mathematics 1967-1986 Arthur Cayley, student at Trinity College, Cambridge D. G. Champernowne Sydney Chapman, student at and later lecturer and fellow (1914–1919) of Trinity College, Cambridge William Kingdon Clifford John Coate... | Wikipedia - List of Cambridge mathematicians - A - F | 235 | 1,151 | null |
Section: G - M. Anil Kumar Gain, Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society James Glaisher Peter Goddard, Master of St John's College, Cambridge 1994-2004 William Timothy Gowers, fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ?- ; Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics 1998- Geoffrey Grimmett, fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge, P... | Wikipedia - List of Cambridge mathematicians - G - M | 306 | 1,423 | null |
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