questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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Each enhancer is made up of short dna sequences called what?
Here are the choices:
A. pisttal control elements
B. distal control elements
C. electrolysis control elements
D. fibrous control elements | Figure 16.9 An enhancer is a DNA sequence that promotes transcription. Each enhancer is made up of short DNA sequences called distal control elements. Activators bound to the distal control elements interact with mediator proteins and transcription factors. Two different genes may have the same promoter but different d... | B: distal control elements. |
For a star to form, what force pulls gas and dust into the center of the nebula?
Here are the choices:
A. weight
B. motion
C. gravity
D. centrifugal force | For a star to form, gravity pulls gas and dust into the center of the nebula. As the material becomes denser, the pressure and the temperature increase. When the temperature of the center becomes hot enough, nuclear fusion begins. The ball of gas has become a star!. | C: gravity. |
What do you call elements that contain only atoms of one type of element?
Here are the choices:
A. noble gases
B. typical elements
C. native elements
D. reactive elements | Native elements contain only atoms of one type of element. They are not combined with other elements. There are very few examples of these types of minerals. Some native elements are rare and valuable. Gold, silver, sulfur, and diamond are examples. | C: native elements. |
The organ systems of the body work together to carry out life processes and maintain what?
Here are the choices:
A. consciousness
B. movement
C. freshness
D. homeostasis | The organ systems of the body work together to carry out life processes and maintain homeostasis. | D: homeostasis. |
This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. hydration
B. activation
C. hybridization
D. assimilation | Quantum-mechanical calculations suggest why the observed bond angles in H2O differ from those predicted by the overlap of the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atoms with the 2p orbitals of the oxygen atom. The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike prop... | C: hybridization. |
Carbon is a nonmetal with a significantly higher electronegativity; it is therefore more likely to accept electrons in what kind of reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. isotope reaction
B. redox reaction
C. reversable reaction
D. catalyst reaction | a reductant or an oxidant; it is also a Lewis base. The other reactant (Cl2) is an oxidant, so we expect a redox reaction to occur in which the carbon of CO is further oxidized. Because Cl2 is a two-electron oxidant and the carbon atom of CO can be oxidized by two electrons to the +4 oxidation state, the product is pho... | B: redox reaction. |
What is denoted by the number above the chemical symbol of each element in a modern periodic table?
Here are the choices:
A. atomic number
B. electron count
C. metallic number
D. atomic weight | In the modern periodic table, each element is represented by its chemical symbol. The number above each symbol is its atomic number. Atomic numbers increase from left to right and from top to bottom in the table. | A: atomic number. |
What does the tires meeting the road cause when a car accelerates?
Here are the choices:
A. vibration
B. friction
C. erosion
D. thrust | A bowling ball rolls down a lane at a constant velocity. (e) A car accelerates down the road. There is friction between the tires and the road. | B: friction. |
What gas is contributing to the greenhouse effect?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dioxide
B. oxygen
C. sodium chloride
D. nitrogen | Another major problem caused by air pollution is global climate change. Gases such as carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels increase the natural greenhouse effect. This raises the temperature of Earth’s surface. | A: carbon dioxide. |
A complex interactions of hormones result in an edible fruit that entices animals that help disperse what?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. seeds
C. rocks
D. pests | B: seeds. | |
What are the cells caused that parasites spread through their host?
Here are the choices:
A. fungi spores
B. protists
C. sporozoites
D. prokaryotes | C: sporozoites. | |
When can mutations occur in genes?
Here are the choices:
A. after rna replication
B. during dna replication
C. during rna replication
D. after dna replication | The Evolution of Promoters The evolution of genes may be a familiar concept. Mutations can occur in genes during DNA replication, and the result may or may not be beneficial to the cell. By altering an enzyme, structural protein, or some other factor, the process of mutation can transform functions or physical features... | B: during dna replication. |
The sites of protein synthesis are tiny structures called?
Here are the choices:
A. crystals
B. ribosomes
C. prokaryotes
D. protons | B: ribosomes. | |
Mollusks, annelids, and arthropods are considered what?
Here are the choices:
A. protisines
B. micelles
C. protostomes
D. detritivores | Mollusks, annelids, and arthropods are protostomes. Echinoderms and chordates are deuterostomes. This distinction is important. Why does it matter? It shows that echinoderms are more closely related to chordates than are the other invertebrate phyla. This is not apparent based on other, more obvious traits. | C: protostomes. |
One of the simplest machines is the lever, which is a rigid bar pivoted at a fixed place called what?
Here are the choices:
A. wheel
B. fulcrum
C. caliper
D. sling | One of the simplest machines is the lever, which is a rigid bar pivoted at a fixed place called the fulcrum. Torques are involved in levers, since there is rotation about a pivot point. Distances from the physical pivot of the lever are crucial, and we can obtain a useful expression for the MA in terms of these distanc... | B: fulcrum. |
In essence, a virus is simply a nucleic acid surrounded by what?
Here are the choices:
A. a polypeptide
B. a polymer coat
C. a membrane coat
D. a protein coat | A virus is a sub-microscopic particle that can infect living cells. Viruses are much smaller than prokaryotic organisms. In essence, a virus is simply a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat, as seen in the Figure below . This outer coat is called a capsid . Viruses will be discussed in more detail in the Viruses c... | D: a protein coat. |
How does the number of protons compare to the number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom?
Here are the choices:
A. they are double
B. they are half
C. they are equal
D. they are triple | In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons. | C: they are equal. |
The scientific method is a method of research with defined steps that include experiments and careful what?
Here are the choices:
A. observation
B. discovery
C. estimation
D. consideration | that have taken place during this time. There are however, areas of knowledge and human experience that the methods of science cannot be applied to. These include such things as answering purely moral questions, aesthetic questions, or what can be generally categorized as spiritual questions. Science has cannot investi... | A: observation. |
The protist life cycle benefits by including what forms of reproduction?
Here are the choices:
A. asexual and biological
B. ideal and sexual
C. atypical and sexual
D. asexual and sexual | Most protists also have a complex life cycle. The life cycle of an organism is the cycle of phases it goes through until it returns to the starting phase. The protist life cycle includes both sexual and asexual reproduction. Why reproduce both ways? Each way has benefits. Asexual reproduction is fast. It allows rapid p... | D: asexual and sexual. |
With what does cytokinins act in concert to stimulate cell division and influence the pathway of differentiation?
Here are the choices:
A. hormone
B. auxin
C. ribosomes
D. dna | B: auxin. | |
Puberty and other physical changes occurs during which stage of development?
Here are the choices:
A. adolescence
B. infancy
C. adulthood
D. childhood | Adolescence includes the physical changes of puberty among other changes. | A: adolescence. |
What makes organic compounds ubiquitous is the chemistry of their what?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon shell
B. dioxide core
C. dioxide shell
D. carbon core | The Chemistry of Carbon What makes organic compounds ubiquitous is the chemistry of their carbon core. Recall that carbon atoms have four electrons in their valence shell, and that the octet rule dictates that atoms tend to react in such a way as to complete their valence shell with eight electrons. Carbon atoms do not... | D: carbon core. |
What type of drugs can increase water loss by interfering with the recapture of solutes and water from the forming urine?
Here are the choices:
A. hallucinogens
B. sedatives
C. diuretics
D. disassociates | Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Diuretics are drugs that can increase water loss by interfering with the recapture of solutes and water from the forming urine. They are often prescribed to lower blood pressure. Coffee, tea, and alcoholic beverages are familiar diuretics. ADH, a 9-amino acid peptide released by the posterior... | C: diuretics. |
This type of tissue consists of bundles of xylem and phloem and transports fluids throughout the plant.
Here are the choices:
A. dermal tissue
B. cytoplasm
C. vascular tissue
D. nonvascular tissue | Vascular tissue runs through the ground tissue inside a plant. It consists of bundles of xylem and phloem, which transport fluids throughout the plant. | C: vascular tissue. |
What is the scientific name of the thighbone, the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body?
Here are the choices:
A. tibia
B. humerus
C. femur
D. fibula | The femur, or thighbone, is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body. The femur and pelvis form the hip joint at the proximal end. At the distal end, the femur, tibia, and patella form the knee joint. The patella, or kneecap, is a triangular bone that lies anterior to the knee joint. The patella is embedde... | C: femur. |
What determines which type of precipitation falls?
Here are the choices:
A. air temperature
B. air currents
C. ground temperature
D. air pressure | Why does it snow instead of rain? Air temperature determines which type of precipitation falls. Rain falls if the air temperature is above freezing (0° C or 32° F). Frozen precipitation falls if the air or ground is below freezing. Frozen precipitation may fall as snow, sleet, or freezing rain. You can see how the diff... | A: air temperature. |
Algae is a promising alternative to traditional crops for what type of fuels?
Here are the choices:
A. non-renewable
B. biofuel
C. fertilizer
D. fossil | Algae is the focus of much research. Algae is a very promising alternative to traditional crops for biofuels. | B: biofuel. |
Cancers derived from epithelial cells are referred to as what?
Here are the choices:
A. nodules
B. caricatures
C. carcinomas
D. adenomas | Tissues and Cancer Cancer is a generic term for many diseases in which cells escape regulatory signals. Uncontrolled growth, invasion into adjacent tissues, and colonization of other organs, if not treated early enough, are its hallmarks. Health suffers when tumors “rob” blood supply from the “normal” organs. A mutatio... | C: carcinomas. |
Vibrating objects such as drumheads produce what?
Here are the choices:
A. negative ions
B. light
C. sound energy
D. heat | Vibrating objects such as drumheads produce sound energy. | C: sound energy. |
What two element makes up a hyrdocarbon?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon and hydrogen
B. helium and carbon
C. nitrogen and carbon
D. hydrogen and carbonite | The simplest organic compounds are hydrocarbons and are composed of carbon and hydrogen. | A: carbon and hydrogen. |
What are monosaccharides and disaccharides also called?
Here are the choices:
A. simple sugars
B. basic sugars
C. simple chemicals
D. complex sugars | An example of a disaccharide is sucrose (table sugar), which consists of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose ( Figure below ). Other common disaccharides include lactose ("milk sugar") and maltose. Monosaccharides and disaccharides are also called simple sugars . They provide the major source of energy to living c... | A: simple sugars. |
Terrestrial biomes are associated with land, while aquatic ones are associated with what?
Here are the choices:
A. air
B. blood
C. plants
D. water | 20.3 Terrestrial Biomes Earth has terrestrial and aquatic biomes. Aquatic biomes include both freshwater and marine environments. There are eight major terrestrial biomes: tropical rainforests, savannas, subtropical deserts, chaparral, temperate grasslands, temperate forests, boreal forests, and Arctic tundra. The same... | D: water. |
Different shapes often correlate with different what in cells?
Here are the choices:
A. systems
B. enzymes
C. functions
D. types | Cells with different functions often have different shapes. The cells pictured in Figure below are just a few examples of the many different shapes that cells may have. Each type of cell in the figure has a shape that helps it do its job. For example, the job of the nerve cell is to carry messages to other cells. The n... | C: functions. |
What structure is found at the top of the head of the sperm that helps it penetrate and fertilize the egg?
Here are the choices:
A. axial filament
B. acrosome
C. centriole
D. terminal disc | of human sperm as well as a diagram of the parts of the sperm. An acrosome is found at the top of the head of the sperm. This structure contains lysosomal enzymes that can digest the protective coverings that surround the egg to help the sperm penetrate and fertilize the egg. An ejaculate will contain from two to five ... | B: acrosome. |
What makes up most of biological tissues?
Here are the choices:
A. air
B. bone
C. muscle
D. water | Biological tissue consists primarily of water, which absorbs electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region of the spectrum. Suggest a plausible reason for using carbon dioxide lasers in surgery. | D: water. |
What occurs when some substances change chemically to other substances?
Here are the choices:
A. hormonal reaction
B. spontaneous mutation
C. chemical reaction
D. toxic reaction | A chemical reaction occurs when some substances change chemically to other substances. Chemical reactions are represented by chemical equations. | C: chemical reaction. |
What type of butterfly do birds avoid eating since it makes them sick?
Here are the choices:
A. sphingidae
B. pyralidae
C. noctuidae
D. monarch butterflies | Many birds learn to avoid eating monarch butterflies, like the one pictured in Figure below . Monarch butterflies taste bad and make birds sick. In this case, the behavior is learned because it is punished with a nasty taste and illness. | D: monarch butterflies. |
Birds possess a cloaca, a structure that allows water to be reabsorbed from waste back into this?
Here are the choices:
A. skin
B. blood stream
C. intestines
D. eggs | Other modifications that reduce weight include the lack of a urinary bladder. Birds possess a cloaca, a structure that allows water to be reabsorbed from waste back into the bloodstream. Uric acid is not expelled as a liquid but is concentrated into urate salts, which are expelled along with fecal matter. In this way, ... | B: blood stream. |
What contain organelles common to other cells, such as a nucleus and mitochondria, and also have more specialized structures, including dendrites and axons?
Here are the choices:
A. blood cells
B. follicles
C. muscle cells
D. neurons | Figure 16.19 Neurons contain organelles common to other cells, such as a nucleus and mitochondria. They also have more specialized structures, including dendrites and axons. | D: neurons. |
Hurricanes and winter storms both develop from what, which often form when the jet stream dips south in the winter?
Here are the choices:
A. typhoons
B. tides
C. waves
D. cyclones | Like hurricanes, winter storms develop from cyclones. But in the case of winter storms, the cyclones form at higher latitudes. In North America, cyclones often form when the jet stream dips south in the winter. This lets dry polar air pour south. At the same time, warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexico flows north. Whe... | D: cyclones. |
Which body system controls all the others by sending electrical messages?
Here are the choices:
A. the specialized system
B. the localized system
C. the nervous system
D. the endocrine system | The nervous system sends electrical messages throughout the body and controls all other body systems. | C: the nervous system. |
What occurs when water on the surface changes to water vapor?
Here are the choices:
A. oxidation
B. condensation
C. photosynthesis
D. evaporation | Evaporation occurs when water on the surface changes to water vapor. The sun heats the water and gives water molecules enough energy to escape into the atmosphere. | D: evaporation. |
What is the position of rock layers and the relative ages called?
Here are the choices:
A. superposition
B. metamorphism
C. bifurcation
D. diffraction | Superposition refers to the position of rock layers and their relative ages. Relative age means age in comparison with other rocks, either younger or older. The relative ages of rocks are important for understanding Earth’s history. New rock layers are always deposited on top of existing rock layers. Therefore, deeper ... | A: superposition. |
What is the field of biology that focuses on the study of inheritance in humans?
Here are the choices:
A. relational biology
B. human genetics
C. computational biology
D. generational biology | Human genetics is the field of biology that focuses on the study of inheritance in humans. | B: human genetics. |
The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its what?
Here are the choices:
A. mass
B. density
C. ph
D. color | The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its pH. The pOH of a solution is not usually measured, as it is easily calculated from an experimentally determined pH value. The pH of a solution can be directly measured using a pH meter (Figure 14.4). | C: ph. |
Where is chemical energy stored?
Here are the choices:
A. cell wall
B. ribosomes
C. atom bonds
D. nucleus | 2. Chemical energy is energy that is stored in the bonds between the atoms of compounds. If the bonds are broken, the energy is released and can be converted to other forms of energy. | C: atom bonds. |
What kind of fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas?
Here are the choices:
A. fossil
B. ancient
C. sediment
D. storage | Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are the greatest energy source for modern society. Millions of years ago, plants used energy from the Sun to form carbon compounds. These compounds were later transformed into coal, oil, or natural gas. Fossil fuels take millions of years to form. For this r... | A: fossil. |
What do you call the slope that forms the edge of the continent?
Here are the choices:
A. the cataclysmic slope
B. the prevalent slope
C. the continental slope
D. the land slope | The continental slope is the slope that forms the edge of the continent. It is seaward of the continental shelf. In some places, a large pile of sediments brought from rivers creates the continental rise. The continental rise ends at the ocean floor. Much of the ocean floor is called the abyssal plain. | C: the continental slope. |
What do contour lines that are close together indicate?
Here are the choices:
A. flat slope
B. close slope
C. deep slope
D. steep slope | 1. The spacing of contour lines shows the slope of the land . Contour lines that are close together indicate a steep slope. This is because the elevation changes quickly in a small area. Contour lines that seem to touch indicate a very steep slope, like a cliff. When contour lines are spaced far apart, the slope is gen... | D: steep slope. |
What is the most common type of cancer developed in children?
Here are the choices:
A. lung cancer
B. anemia
C. leukemia
D. stomach cancer | Childhood cancer is rare. The main type of cancer in children is leukemia. It makes up about one third of all childhood cancers. It occurs when the body makes abnormal white blood cells. | C: leukemia. |
How many chambers are in the heart?
Here are the choices:
A. eight
B. five
C. two
D. four | The atria receive the blood, and the ventricles pump the blood out of the heart. Each of the four chambers of the heart has a specific job. | D: four. |
The central vacuole maintains turgor pressure against what?
Here are the choices:
A. the cell multiplication
B. the cell wall
C. the cell move
D. the cell addition | The central vacuole maintains turgor pressure against the cell wall. | B: the cell wall. |
In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies what substances?
Here are the choices:
A. proteins
B. sugars
C. fats
D. acids | ART CONNECTION QUESTIONS 1. Figure 34.11 Which of the following statements about the digestive system is false? a. Chyme is a mixture of food and digestive juices that is produced in the stomach. Food enters the large intestine before the small intestine. In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies ... | C: fats. |
Which electromagnetic waves are the most energetic of all electromagnetic waves?
Here are the choices:
A. plasma rays
B. ultraviolet rays
C. gamma rays
D. sunlight rays | Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves that carry photons of energy called gamma particles. They are the most energetic of all electromagnetic waves. | C: gamma rays. |
Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to what?
Here are the choices:
A. pyruvate
B. cellulose
C. chlorophyll
D. oxygen | 9.2 Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to pyruvate. | A: pyruvate. |
What is the term for the most abundant species in a community, characterized by high competitive abilities?
Here are the choices:
A. merging species
B. carnivores
C. dominant species
D. keystone species | C: dominant species. | |
Salt-water biomes in the ocean are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. marine organelles
B. marine species
C. ocean biomes
D. marine biomes | Aquatic biomes are water-based biomes. They include both freshwater biomes, such as rivers and lakes, and marine biomes, which are salt-water biomes in the ocean. The primary producers in most aquatic biomes are phytoplankton. Phytoplankton consist of microscopic bacteria and tiny algae that make food by photosynthesis... | D: marine biomes. |
What occurs before the endometrium thickens in estrous cycles?
Here are the choices:
A. fertilization
B. copulation
C. pregnancy
D. ovulation | D: ovulation. | |
Structures like the human tail bone and whale pelvis are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. adaptations
B. primordial structures
C. parasitic structures
D. vestigial structures | Structures like the human tail bone and whale pelvis are called vestigial structures . Evolution has reduced their size because the structures are no longer used. The human appendix is another example of a vestigial structure. It is a tiny remnant of a once-larger organ. In a distant ancestor, it was needed to digest f... | D: vestigial structures. |
Hazardous waste is material that is toxic, chemically active, corrosive, or what?
Here are the choices:
A. inactive
B. organic
C. decomposed
D. flammable | Hazardous waste is material that is toxic, chemically active, corrosive, or flammable. | D: flammable. |
Which component of the electron transport chain does cyanide inhibit?
Here are the choices:
A. adenosine diphosphate
B. succinate dehydrogenase
C. mitochondrial matrix
D. cytochrome c oxidase | Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the electron transport chain. If cyanide poisoning occurs, would you expect the pH of the intermembrane space to increase or decrease? What effect would cyanide have on ATP synthesis?. | D: cytochrome c oxidase. |
Diseases of this system include epilepsy, strokes, and alzheimer’s disease
Here are the choices:
A. circulatory system
B. infectious system
C. endocrine system
D. nervous system | Diseases of the nervous system include infections, epilepsy, strokes, and Alzheimer’s disease. Injuries include concussions and spinal cord damage that may cause paralysis. Most nervous system diseases can’t be prevented, but many nervous system injuries can be prevented by following safe practices. | D: nervous system. |
About how full is the outer energy level in metalloids?
Here are the choices:
A. three-fourth full
B. nearly empty
C. half full
D. a quarter full | Metalloids such as boron have an outer energy level that is about half full. These elements need to gain or lose too many electrons for a full outer energy level to come about easily. As a result, these elements are not very reactive. They may be able to conduct electricity but not very well. | C: half full. |
Which chemical element is the basis of all life on earth?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. carbon
C. nitrogen
D. hydrogen | Carbon is an element. Carbon is the basis of all life on Earth. Since carbon can combine with many other elements it forms a variety of different substances. | B: carbon. |
What structures of the cardiovascular system help regulate body processes by either constricting or dilating?
Here are the choices:
A. capillaries
B. blood vessels
C. cartilage
D. muscles | Blood vessels help regulate body processes by either constricting (becoming narrower) or dilating (becoming wider). These actions occur in response to signals from the autonomic nervous system or the endocrine system. Constriction occurs when the muscular walls of blood vessels contract. This reduces the amount of bloo... | B: blood vessels. |
What is the term for the class of ectothermic, four-legged vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs?
Here are the choices:
A. Turtles
B. mammals
C. amphibians
D. reptiles | Reptiles are a class of ectothermic, four-legged vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs. They include turtles, crocodiles, lizards, and snakes. Reptiles were the first vertebrates to live full time on land, and they evolved many terrestrial adaptations. | D: reptiles. |
The goal of proteomics is to identify or compare what substances expressed from a given genome under specific conditions, study the interactions between them, and use the information to predict cell behavior or develop drug targets?
Here are the choices:
A. rna
B. cells
C. proteins
D. dna | Basic Techniques in Protein Analysis The ultimate goal of proteomics is to identify or compare the proteins expressed from a given genome under specific conditions, study the interactions between the proteins, and use the information to predict cell behavior or develop drug targets. Just as the genome is analyzed using... | C: proteins. |
Radiometric dating methods, such as carbon-14 dating depend on what type of decay?
Here are the choices:
A. radioactive
B. nuclear
C. carbon
D. microwave | The age of a rock in years is its absolute age. The main evidence for absolute age comes from radiometric dating methods, such as carbon-14 dating. These methods depend on radioactive decay. | A: radioactive. |
What is the brightest star in the orion constellation?
Here are the choices:
A. natel
B. omicron
C. rigel
D. sol | 7. You look through a telescope at Rigel. Rigel is the brightest star in the Orion constellation. Rigel is around 800 light years from Earth. What are you looking at when you look through that telescope? What does Rigel look like today?. | C: rigel. |
Which organelle specific to plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?
Here are the choices:
A. the lipid
B. the vacuole
C. the chloroplast
D. the mitochondria | Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, an organelle specific to plant cells. | C: the chloroplast. |
What is another word for thermal energy?
Here are the choices:
A. heat
B. humidity
C. solar
D. temperature | A: heat. | |
Roots grow in length and width from the primary and secondary what?
Here are the choices:
A. pistil
B. frill
C. leaf
D. meristem | Roots grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem. | D: meristem. |
What often form symbiotic associations with much larger organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. viruses
B. prokaryotes
C. eukaryotes
D. protists | B: prokaryotes. | |
Name the fever that is caused by a virus that has antigens similar to molecules in human heart tissues.
Here are the choices:
A. yellow fever
B. Dengue fever
C. rheumatic fever
D. chronic fever | Rheumatic fever is caused by a virus that has antigens similar to molecules in human heart tissues. When the immune system attacks the virus, it may also attack the heart. What type of immune system disease is rheumatic fever? Explain your answer. | C: rheumatic fever. |
What is the smallest planet in our solar system?
Here are the choices:
A. Earth
B. Mars
C. mercury
D. Jupiter | Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun. It has an extremely thin atmosphere so surface temperatures range from very hot to very cold. Like the Moon, it is covered with craters. | C: mercury. |
What is the term for when a substance boils and changes to gas?
Here are the choices:
A. changing point
B. boiling point
C. reaction point
D. activation point | The temperature at which a substance boils and changes to a gas is called its boiling point. Boiling point is a physical property of matter. The boiling point of pure water is 100°C. Other substances may have higher or lower boiling points. Several examples are listed in the Table below . Pure water is included in the ... | B: boiling point. |
Where are hormones released?
Here are the choices:
A. bloodstream
B. lungs
C. liver
D. brain | Signaling molecules can belong to two broad groups. Neurotransmitters are released at synapses, whereas hormones are released into the bloodstream. These are simplistic definitions, but they can help to clarify this point. Acetylcholine can be considered a neurotransmitter because it is released by axons at synapses. T... | A: bloodstream. |
The union of gametes is called?
Here are the choices:
A. migration
B. fusion
C. fertilization
D. pollination | Sexual reproduction involves two parents. It produces offspring that are all genetically unique. It requires the production of haploid gametes. The union of gametes is called fertilization. It results in a diploid zygote. | C: fertilization. |
What type of behavior occurs naturally in all animals of a given species?
Here are the choices:
A. learned
B. acquired
C. stimulated
D. innate | Innate behavior is any behavior that occurs naturally in all the animals of a given species. It doesn’t have to be learned, and it occurs in the same way in all members of the species. Examples of innate behaviors include the waggle dance in honeybees and the grasp reflex in human babies. | D: innate. |
What parts of comets make them easy to see?
Here are the choices:
A. comas and tails
B. novas and tails
C. arcs and tails
D. craters and tails | Gases in the coma and tail of a comet reflect light from the Sun. Comets are very hard to see except when they have comas and tails. That is why they appear only when they are near the Sun. They disappear again as they move back to the outer solar system. | A: comas and tails. |
What gives the body shape and support?
Here are the choices:
A. muscles
B. gravity
C. skeleon
D. organs | The skeleton supports the body and gives it shape. It has several other functions as well, including:. | C: skeleon. |
What do you call sound that has a wave frequency higher than the human ear can detect?
Here are the choices:
A. ultrasound
B. dynamic sound
C. hypersonic sound
D. supersonic sound | Ultrasound is sound that has a wave frequency higher than the human ear can detect. It includes all sounds with wave frequencies higher than 20,000 waves per second, or 20,000 hertz (Hz). | A: ultrasound. |
Plants not only contribute food but what else for organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. dioxide
B. hydrogen
C. carbon
D. oxygen | The oxygen atoms, however, form oxygen gas, which is a waste product of photosynthesis. The oxygen given off supplies most of the oxygen in our atmosphere. Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth’s atmosphere lacked oxygen altogether, and this highly reactive gas was toxic to the many organisms living at the time. Somethi... | D: oxygen. |
Substances that act as both weak acids and bases are said to be what?
Here are the choices:
A. amphoteric
B. amphiphilic
C. hygroscopic
D. atmospheric | Other applications of carbonates include glass making—where carbonate ions serve as a source of oxide ions—and synthesis of oxides. Hydrogen carbonates are amphoteric because they act as both weak acids and weak bases. Hydrogen carbonate ions act as acids and react with solutions of soluble hydroxides to form a carbona... | A: amphoteric. |
What is the medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration called?
Here are the choices:
A. dialysis
B. arthritis
C. digestion
D. tumors | Dialysis Technician Dialysis is a medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration. When kidney function fails, dialysis must be done to artificially rid the body of wastes. This is a vital process to keep patients alive. In some cases, the patients undergo artificial ... | A: dialysis. |
What is the "a" horizon commonly known as?
Here are the choices:
A. crust
B. core
C. topsoil
D. sediment | The first horizon is the “A“ horizon. It is more commonly called the topsoil . The topsoil is usually the darkest layer of the soil. It is the layer with the most organic material. Humus forms from all the plant and animal debris that falls to or grows on the ground. The topsoil is also the region with the most biologi... | C: topsoil. |
What are the building blocks of life?
Here are the choices:
A. cells
B. seeds
C. bricks
D. muscles | Cells are the building blocks of life. This is clear from the photo in Figure below . It shows stacks upon stacks of cells in an onion plant. Cells are also the basic functional units of living things. They are the smallest units that can carry out the biochemical reactions of life. No matter how different organisms ma... | A: cells. |
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of liquid water by 1°c is also known as?
Here are the choices:
A. Kelvin
B. calorie
C. specific heat
D. mass | State of matter that has a fixed volume and fixed shape. | C: specific heat. |
What helps amplify the effects of extracellular signals?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymatic cascades
B. spontaneous cascades
C. electrical cascades
D. mutation cascades | The effects of extracellular signals can also be amplified by enzymatic cascades. At the initiation of the signal, a single ligand binds to a single receptor. However, activation of a receptor-linked enzyme can activate many copies of a component of the signaling cascade, which amplifies the signal. | A: enzymatic cascades. |
What units are typically used to measure heats of reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. kilobytes
B. degrees Celsius
C. volts
D. kilojoules | Heats of reaction are typically measured in kilojoules. It is important to include the physical states of the reactants and products in a thermochemical equation as the value of the depends on those states. | D: kilojoules. |
What are solutions that maintain a relatively constant ph when an acid or a base is added?
Here are the choices:
A. liquids
B. gases
C. buffer
D. water | Buffers are solutions that maintain a relatively constant pH when an acid or a base is added. They therefore protect, or “buffer,” other molecules in solution from the effects of the added acid or base. Buffers contain either a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A−) or a weak base (B) and its conjugate acid (BH+), ... | C: buffer. |
Along with dna, what is the other main type of nucleic acid?
Here are the choices:
A. protein
B. cytoplasm
C. rna
D. nucleotides | Nucleic acids are biochemical molecules that contain oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus in addition to carbon and hydrogen. There are two main types of nucleic acids. They are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). | C: rna. |
Glutathione is a low-molecular-weight compound found in living cells that is produced naturally by what?
Here are the choices:
A. liver
B. brain
C. amino acids
D. blood | Glutathione is a low-molecular-weight compound found in living cells that is produced naturally by the liver. Healthcare providers give glutathione intravenously to prevent side effects of chemotherapy and to prevent kidney problems. | A: liver. |
What work together in pairs to bend or straighten a joint?
Here are the choices:
A. nerve fibers
B. collagen bands
C. muscles
D. cartilage tissues | Muscles work together in pairs to bend or straighten the joint. | C: muscles. |
What are the outer-shell electrons of an atom called?
Here are the choices:
A. organism electrons
B. helium electrons
C. outer electrons
D. valence electrons | Valence electrons are the outer-shell electrons of an atom. | D: valence electrons. |
What kind of reproduction is vegetative reproduction?
Here are the choices:
A. meiosis
B. mitosis
C. sexual
D. asexual | Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction found in plants. This type of reproduction occurs when new individuals are formed without the production of seeds or spores. The formation of new plants out of rhizomes or stolons is an example of vegetative reproductive, such as in the strawberry plant. Other p... | D: asexual. |
What type of tissue runs the length of a stem in vascular bundles?
Here are the choices:
A. muscle tissue
B. thermal tissue
C. cardiac tissue
D. vascular tissue | D: vascular tissue. | |
Birds have a relatively large heart and a rapid what?
Here are the choices:
A. heart rate
B. blink rate
C. digestive process
D. lifespan | To keep their flight muscles well supplied with oxygen, birds evolved specialized respiratory and circulatory systems. Birds have special air sacs for storing extra air and pumping it into the lungs. They also have a relatively large heart and a rapid heart rate. These adaptations keep plenty of oxygenated blood circul... | A: heart rate. |
When a warm air mass becomes trapped between two cold air masses, what type of front occurs?
Here are the choices:
A. storm front
B. obscured front
C. occluded front
D. stationary front | With an occluded front , a warm air mass becomes trapped between two cold air masses. The warm air is lifted up above the cold air as in Figure below . Cloudy weather and precipitation along the front are typical. | C: occluded front. |
What is water falling from the sky called?
Here are the choices:
A. vaporization
B. erosion
C. precipitation
D. distillation | C: precipitation. |
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