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test · 389k rows

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When additional water is added to an aqueous solution, what happens to the concentration of that solution? Here are the choices: A. increases B. no change C. decreases D. doubles	When additional water is added to an aqueous solution, the concentration of that solution decreases. This is because the number of moles of the solute does not change, while the volume of the solution increases. We can set up an equality between the moles of the solute before the dilution (1) and the moles of the solut...	C: decreases.
How many chambers does a mammalian heart have? Here are the choices: A. five B. three C. one D. four	The four-chambered mammalian heart can pump blood in two different directions. The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. The left side of the heart pumps blood containing oxygen to the rest of the body. Because of the dual pumping action of the heart, all of the blood going to body cells i...	D: four.
Meaning a disease that spreads from person to person, what term is synonymous with "contagious"? Here are the choices: A. harmless B. benign C. noncommunicable D. infectious	Has this ever happened to you? A student sitting next to you in class has a cold. The other student is coughing and sneezing, but you feel fine. Two days later, you come down with a cold, too. Diseases like colds are contagious. Contagious diseases are also called infectious diseases. An infectious disease is a disease...	D: infectious.
The common carotid artery gives rise to the external and internal carotid arteries. the external carotid artery remains superficial and gives rise to many arteries of this? Here are the choices: A. stomach B. back C. chest D. head	Figure 20.26 Arteries Supplying the Head and Neck The common carotid artery gives rise to the external and internal carotid arteries. The external carotid artery remains superficial and gives rise to many arteries of the head. The internal carotid artery first forms the carotid sinus and then reaches the brain via the ...	D: head.
What are resources that don't run out? Here are the choices: A. renewable resources B. general resources C. orbital resources D. residual resources	Renewable resources can be renewed as they are used. An example is timber , which comes from trees. New trees can be planted to replace those that are cut down. Sunlight is a renewable resource. It seems we will never run out of that! What are some other renewable resources?.	A: renewable resources.
Maintaining a balance inside the body or cells of organisms is known as? Here are the choices: A. consciousness B. homeostasis C. equanimity D. ketosis	When you are cold, what does your body do to keep warm? You shiver to warm up your body. When you are too warm, you sweat to release heat. When any living organism gets thrown off balance, its body or cells help it return to normal. In other words, living organisms have the ability to keep a stable internal environment...	B: homeostasis.
The ability to what is affected by the velocity, or speed, of the water? Here are the choices: A. construct B. hinder C. impede D. erode	Moving water also picks up and carries particles of soil and rock. The ability to erode is affected by the velocity, or speed, of the water. The size of the eroded particles depends on the velocity of the water. Eventually, the water deposits the materials. As water slows, larger particles are deposited. As the water s...	D: erode.
What is the process of isolating a specific gene and then making a copy of it for use in gene therapy? Here are the choices: A. attribute cloning B. gene copying C. gene cloning D. gene treatment	Gene cloning is the process of isolating and making copies of a gene. This is useful for many purposes. For example, gene cloning might be used to isolate and make copies of a normal gene for gene therapy. Gene cloning involves four steps: isolation, ligation, transformation, and selection. You can watch an interactive...	C: gene cloning.
The epochs of the universe are known back to very shortly after what 'explosive' event? Here are the choices: A. Biggest bang B. major bang C. big bang D. Explosive bang	H0 = 20km/s ⋅ Mly. • Explanations of the large-scale characteristics of the universe are intimately tied to particle physics. • The dominance of matter over antimatter and the smoothness of the CMBR are two characteristics that are tied to particle physics. • The epochs of the universe are known back to very shortly af...	C: big bang.
What is the term for a change in an object’s motion, which occurs whenever an object is acted upon by an unbalanced force? Here are the choices: A. inclination B. rotation C. compression D. acceleration	A change in an object’s motion—such as Xander speeding up on his scooter—is called acceleration . Acceleration occurs whenever an object is acted upon by an unbalanced force. The greater the net force acting on the object, the greater its acceleration will be, but the mass of the object also affects its acceleration. T...	D: acceleration.
All metabolic functions carried out by a prokaryote take place in the plasma membrane or where else? Here are the choices: A. Shell B. mitochondrial C. extracellular D. cytosol	The bacterium in Figure above is a prokaryote. Prokaryotes are microscopic organisms that have neither a membrane-bound nucleus nor membrane-bound organelles. Some cell biologists consider the term "organelle" to describe membrane-bound structures only, whereas other cell biologists define organelles as discrete struct...	D: cytosol.
How does burning matter affect its mass? Here are the choices: A. the mass remains the same B. the mass decreases C. the mass increases D. the mass quadruples	Burning and other changes in matter do not destroy matter. The mass of matter is always the same before and after the changes occur.	A: the mass remains the same.
What type of stratified deposit is formed where lakes are covered by ice in the winter? Here are the choices: A. varves B. telomeres C. tangles D. glacier	Several types of stratified deposits form in glacial regions but are not formed directly by the ice. Varves form where lakes are covered by ice in the winter. Dark, fine-grained clays sink to the bottom of the lake in winter. Melting ice in the spring brings running water that deposits lighter colored sands. Each alter...	A: varves.
Where do greenhouse gases trap heat? Here are the choices: A. altitude B. atmosphere C. space D. ground	We learned in the previous concept, "Scientific Explanations and Interpretations," that the average global temperature has been on the rise. Scientists know that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas . Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere. This leads us to a question:.	B: atmosphere.
The hamstrings flex the leg, whereas the quadriceps femoris have what effect? Here are the choices: A. stabilize B. no effect C. contract D. extend	The hamstrings flex the leg, whereas the quadriceps femoris extend it.	D: extend.
Many ceramics are composed of what, which are salts containing anions composed of silicon and oxygen? Here are the choices: A. crystals B. silicates C. vinylates D. soils	At 1600 °C, quartz melts to yield a viscous liquid. When the liquid cools, it does not crystallize readily but usually supercools and forms a glass, also called silica. The SiO4 tetrahedra in glassy silica have a random arrangement characteristic of supercooled liquids, and the glass has some very useful properties. Si...	B: silicates.
Attaching strips of neutral metals that are higher in the activity series can protect a structure from what? Here are the choices: A. deoxidation B. corrosion C. weathering D. diffusion	Attaching strips of neutral metals that are higher in the activity series can protect a structure from corrosion.	B: corrosion.
Weight is a measure of what force pulling down on an object? Here are the choices: A. gravity B. light C. distortion D. motion	Weight is a measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object, whereas buoyant force pushes up on an object. Which force is greater determines whether an object sinks or floats. Look at the Figure below . On the left, the object’s weight is the same as the buoyant force acting on it, so the object floats. On th...	A: gravity.
What organ absorbs about 90 percent of the water you ingest? Here are the choices: A. lungs B. skin C. small intestine D. large intestine	Absorption, Feces Formation, and Defecation The small intestine absorbs about 90 percent of the water you ingest (either as liquid or within solid food). The large intestine absorbs most of the remaining water, a process that converts the liquid chyme residue into semisolid feces (“stool”). Feces is composed of undiges...	C: small intestine.
In drosophila, gradients of morphogens encoded by maternal effect genes determine what? Here are the choices: A. cell mass B. cells axes C. body mass D. body axes		D: body axes.
What features of a salamander's skin help protect itself from predators ? Here are the choices: A. thick and impenetrable B. slimy and camouflaged C. camouflaged and thin D. brightly colored and poisonous	Salamanders have developed ways not to be eaten. Most salamanders have brightly colored, poisonous skin. The bold color tells predators not to eat the salamander. Many salamanders have glands on the back of the neck or on the tail that give off a poisonous or bad-tasting liquid. Some species can even shed their tail du...	D: brightly colored and poisonous.
Precipitation maps show the amount of what in different areas? Here are the choices: A. population B. geographical variety C. heat D. rainfall	Precipitation maps show the amount of rainfall in different areas.	D: rainfall.
What is a germ cell that divides into gametocytes during gametogenesis? Here are the choices: A. gametogonium B. gonads C. pollenation D. cocklebur	From gametogonium (plural, gametogonia ), male and female gametes develop differently - males by spermatogenesis and females by oogenesis. A gametogonium is a germ cell that divides into gametocytes during gametogenesis. Male gametogonia are called spermatogonia , and female gametogonia are called oogonia . However, th...	A: gametogonium.
The saguaro doesn't have any leaves to lose water by which process? Here are the choices: A. propagation B. evaporation C. respiration D. transpiration	The saguaro cactus pictured in Figure below has adapted in all three ways. When it was still a very small plant, just a few inches high, its shallow roots already reached out as much as 2 meters (7 feet) from the base of the stem. By now, its root system is much more widespread. It allows the cactus to gather as much m...	D: transpiration.
What is the most important source of energy on earth? Here are the choices: A. sun B. the earth's core C. moon D. water	The sunlight that reaches Earth is the planet’s most important source of energy. The energy in sunlight, called solar energy, is electromagnetic energy. This is a form of energy that travels through space in electric and magnetic waves. Solar energy can be used to heat homes and produce electricity in solar cells like ...	A: sun.
What do cyclotrons use to cause particles to move in circular orbits? Here are the choices: A. occurs field B. magnetic field C. layers field D. mixed field	Figure 33.8 Cyclotrons use a magnetic field to cause particles to move in circular orbits. As the particles pass between the plates of the Ds, the voltage across the gap is oscillated to accelerate them twice in each orbit.	B: magnetic field.
An example of a variable relating to the ramp is its what? Here are the choices: A. mass B. color C. weight D. steepness	A: Variables might include factors relating to the ramp or to the object. An example of a variable relating to the ramp is its steepness. An example of a variable relating to the object is the way it moves—it might roll or slide down the ramp. Either of these variables could be manipulated by the researcher, so you cou...	D: steepness.
Deep within the earth what force is so great that a rock behaves like a stretched rubber band? Here are the choices: A. magnetism B. momentum C. pressure D. volcanoes	The amount of stress on a rock may be greater than the rock’s strength. In that case, the rock will undergo strain or deformation ( Figure below ). Deep within the Earth, the pressure is very great. A rock behaves like a stretched rubber band. When the stress stops, the rock goes back to its original shape. If more str...	C: pressure.
What shape is the colony of a volvox cell? Here are the choices: A. coil-shaped B. pyramid C. hollow ball shaped D. tubular	Volvox Colony. Volvox cells live in a colony shaped like a hollow ball. The cells of the colony may be connected by strands of cytoplasm and can function together. For example, the whole colony can swim from one place to another as one.	C: hollow ball shaped.
What do puffer fish produce to protect itself? Here are the choices: A. venom B. enzymes C. hormones D. teeth	This odd-looking creature is a fish called a puffer fish. Like all fish, puffer fish are vertebrates. The puffer fish puffs up by rapidly filling its stretchy stomach with water. The reason? Getting bigger makes the fish seem larger to potential predators. Just to be on the safe side, the puffer fish also produces veno...	A: venom.
What are polymers composed of many sugar building blocks called? Here are the choices: A. monomers B. hydrocarbons C. polysaccharides D. monosaccarides		C: polysaccharides.
Most gas molecules in the atmosphere are pulled close to earth’s surface by what force? Here are the choices: A. gravity B. traction C. weight D. light	Like water in the ocean, air in the atmosphere exerts pressure that increases with depth. Most gas molecules in the atmosphere are pulled close to Earth’s surface by gravity. As a result, air pressure decreases quickly at lower altitudes and then more slowly at higher altitudes. This is illustrated in Figure below . Ai...	A: gravity.
Coral reefs and tropical rainforests are ecosystems known for what, contributing greatly to the species in existence on earth? Here are the choices: A. spontaneous mutation B. commensalism C. mass migrations D. biodiversity	How many species actually exist in the world? No one knows for sure because only a small percentage of them have already been discovered. Estimates range from 5 to 30 million total species currently in existence. Many of them live on coral reefs and in tropical rainforests (see Figure below ). These two ecosystems have...	D: biodiversity.
Gymnosperms and angiosperms are types of _________ seed plants. Here are the choices: A. heritage B. extinct C. modern D. genetic	Modern seed plants include gymnosperms and angiosperms.	C: modern.
Not getting enough calcium may cause what health problem? Here are the choices: A. diabetes B. arthritis C. osteoporosis D. blindness	Not getting enough minerals can cause health problems. For example, not getting enough calcium may cause osteoporosis. This is a disease in which the bones become porous so they break easily. Getting too much of some minerals can also cause health problems. Many people get too much sodium. Sodium is added to most packa...	C: osteoporosis.
What is the sequence of elementary steps that together comprise an entire chemical reaction called? Here are the choices: A. reaction circle B. mechanical mechanism C. reaction mechanism D. basic reaction	The overall balanced equation for a chemical reaction does not always tell us how a reaction actually proceeds. In many cases, the overall reaction takes place in a series of small steps. An elementary step (or elementary reaction) is one step in a series of simple reactions that show the progress of a reaction at the ...	C: reaction mechanism.
What is the clear, curved structure that works with the cornea to help focus light at the back of the eye? Here are the choices: A. iris B. lens C. pupil D. retina	After passing into the eye through the pupil, light passes through the lens. The lens of the eye is a clear, curved structure. Along with the cornea, the lens helps focus light at the back of the eye. This is pictured below ( Figure below ).	B: lens.
What is the color of the powder of a mineral called? Here are the choices: A. streak B. dye C. hue D. pigment	Streak is the color of the powder of a mineral. To do a streak test, you scrape the mineral across an unglazed porcelain plate. The plate is harder than many minerals, causing the minerals to leave a streak of powder on the plate. The color of the streak often differs from the color of the larger mineral sample ( Figur...	A: streak.
What part of the plant anchors it into the soil? Here are the choices: A. buds B. roots C. leaves D. stems		B: roots.
Evolution happens because of what? Here are the choices: A. natural selection B. natural process C. natural resources D. natural change	Evolution happens because of natural selection . Good traits become more common in a population. Bad traits become less common. The deer mouse, species Peromyscus maniculatus gives an example of evolution by natural selection. In Nebraska, this mouse is typically brown. But in places where glaciers dropped lighter sand...	A: natural selection.
The nephron is the functional unit of what pair of organs? Here are the choices: A. eyes B. lungs C. ribs D. kidneys	Figure 41.6 The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. The glomerulus and convoluted tubules are located in the kidney cortex, while collecting ducts are located in the pyramids of the medulla. (credit: modification of work by NIDDK).	D: kidneys.
Nonshivering thermogenesis, which involves the breakdown of brown adipose tissue, is a special methods newborns have for what purpose? Here are the choices: A. losing heat B. harnessing heat C. generating heat D. moving heat	Thermoregulatory Adjustments The fetus floats in warm amniotic fluid that is maintained at a temperature of approximately 98.6°F with very little fluctuation. Birth exposes newborns to a cooler environment in which they have to regulate their own body temperature. Newborns have a higher ratio of surface area to volume ...	C: generating heat.
What do you call a predator species that affects other species' populations when its own population size changes? Here are the choices: A. keystone species B. symbiotic species C. complement species D. paradox species	Some predator species play a special role in their community. They are called keystone species. When the population size of a keystone species changes, the populations of many other species are affected. Prairie dogs, pictured in Figure below , are an example of a keystone species. Their numbers affect most of the othe...	A: keystone species.
What do you call the electrons in the outer energy level of an atom that are involved in chemical bonds? Here are the choices: A. transitions electrons B. helium electrons C. valence electrons D. force electrons	Carbon is a nonmetal in group 14 of the periodic table. Like other group 14 elements, carbon has four valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer energy level of an atom that are involved in chemical bonds. The valence electrons of carbon are shown in the electron dot diagram in the Figure below...	C: valence electrons.
How many valence electrons do neutral phosphorus atoms have? Here are the choices: A. nine B. five C. three D. four	The highest-numbered shell is the third shell, which has 2 electrons in the 3s subshell and 3 electrons in the 3p subshell. That gives a total of 5 electrons, so neutral phosphorus atoms have 5 valence electrons. The 10 remaining electrons, from the first and second shells, are core electrons.	B: five.
What impact does photosynthesis have on the direction of electron flow? Here are the choices: A. cycles it B. cools it C. reverses it D. repeats it		C: reverses it.
In an experiment, what is kept constant so they will not affect the results, including affecting the dependent variable? Here are the choices: A. similar controls B. educated controls C. experimental controls D. atmospheric controls	Experimental controls are other factors that might affect the dependent variable. They are kept constant so they will not affect the results of the experiment.	C: experimental controls.
The rate of evaporation depends only on the surface area of the liquid and is essentially constant. the rate of condensation depends on the number of molecules in the vapor phase and increases steadily until it equals the rate of this? Here are the choices: A. accumulation B. absorption C. condensation D. evaporation	The rate of evaporation depends only on the surface area of the liquid and is essentially constant. The rate of condensation depends on the number of molecules in the vapor phase and increases steadily until it equals the rate of evaporation.	D: evaporation.
What are the two main types of diabetes? Here are the choices: A. type 0, 1 B. type 3, 4 C. type a, b D. type 1, type 2	There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. The two types of diabetes have different causes.	D: type 1, type 2.
What function does the longer flagellae perform in dinoflagellates? Here are the choices: A. defends B. attacks C. propels D. grasps	22.11.5 Pyrrophytes Pyrrophytes are unicellular, photosynthetic, and mostly aquatic. They have protective coats composed of stiff cellulose. They are more easily identifiable, due to the presence of two flagellae. The longer flagellae propels the dinoflagellate, while the second shorter, flatter flagellae functions as ...	C: propels.
What are the three stages of water? Here are the choices: A. liquid, underground, frozen B. ice, liquid, vapor C. vapor, earth, internal D. ice, rock, sky	(A) Natalie Lucier; (B) Gareth Haywood; (C) Lynn Greyling. Ice, liquid, and water vapor are the three phases of water . (A) CC BY 2.0; (B) CC BY 2.0; (C) Public Domain.	B: ice, liquid, vapor.
What is the first stage of cellular respiration? Here are the choices: A. defacation B. photosynthesis C. breath D. glycolysis	Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. The world glycolysis means "glucose splitting". That's exactly what happens in this stage. Enzymes split a molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules called pyruvate. This results in a net gain of two molecules of AT...	D: glycolysis.
Roundworms are intervertebrates that belong to which phylum? Here are the choices: A. amoebozoa B. Gordiacea C. nematoda D. annelida	Roundworms are invertebrates in Phylum Nematoda. Roundworms have a pseudocoelom and complete digestive system. They are free-living heterotrophs or parasites.	C: nematoda.
The development of multi-cellular organisms begins from a single-celled zygote, which undergoes rapid cell division to form this? Here are the choices: A. eukaryote B. multicell C. gametophyte D. blastula	Cleavage and Blastula Stage The development of multi-cellular organisms begins from a single-celled zygote, which undergoes rapid cell division to form the blastula. The rapid, multiple rounds of cell division are termed cleavage. Cleavage is illustrated in (Figure 43.24a). After the cleavage has produced over 100 cell...	D: blastula.
While components of a mixture can be separated by physical means, the components of a pure substance can only be broken down through what means? Here are the choices: A. mechanical B. thermal C. radiation D. chemical	In the previous lesson, we discussed pure substances and mixtures. We indicated that the components of a mixture could be separated by physical means, but the components of a pure substance could not. Pure substances can only be broken down further through chemical means. In this lesson, we list several methods for sep...	D: chemical.
What is it called when pollen from one plant fertilizes another plant of the same species? Here are the choices: A. cross-pollination B. cross - vegetation C. cross-breeding D. cross-typing	Pea plants are naturally self-pollinating. In self-pollination , pollen grains from anthers on one plant are transferred to stigmas of flowers on the same plant. Mendel was interested in the offspring of two different parent plants, so he had to prevent self-pollination. He removed the anthers from the flowers of some ...	A: cross-pollination.
Calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are effective in neutralizing the effects of what on lakes? Here are the choices: A. dioxide rain B. ozone rain C. acid rain D. oil rain	Calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are effective in neutralizing the effects of acid rain on lakes. Suggest other compounds that might be effective in treating lakes. Give a plausible reason to explain why Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 are used. ♦ Approximately 95% of the chlorine produced industrially comes from the electrol...	C: acid rain.
Most of these bacterial illnesses can be prevented with proper cooking of food and washing what? Here are the choices: A. hair B. teeth C. hands D. vegetables	Bacteria that cause foodborne illnesses include Salmonella , a bacterium found in many foods, including raw and undercooked meat, poultry, dairy products, and seafood. Campylobacter jejuni is found in raw or undercooked chicken and unpasteurized milk. Several strains of E. coli can cause illnesses, and are found in raw...	C: hands.
If something is in the state of matter where it has both a definite shape and volume, then what state of matter is it in? Here are the choices: A. plasma B. gas C. liquid D. solid		D: solid.
What is the region known as the myelencephalon in the embryonic brain? Here are the choices: A. Mesencephalon B. Telencephalon C. medulla D. Diencephalon	Medulla The medulla is the region known as the myelencephalon in the embryonic brain. The initial portion of the name, “myel,” refers to the significant white matter found in this region—especially on its exterior, which is continuous with the white.	C: medulla.
What involves the reaction of a hydrocarbon with oxygen gas to produce water and carbon dioxide? Here are the choices: A. material reactions B. hydrogen reactions C. chemical reactions D. combustion reactions	Combustion reactions involve the reaction of a hydrocarbon with oxygen gas to produce water and carbon dioxide.	D: combustion reactions.
What law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed? Here are the choices: A. construct of energy B. Murphy's Law C. law of inertia D. conservation of energy	The law of conservation of energy states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. Whether a chemical reaction absorbs or releases energy, there is no overall change in the amount of energy during the reaction.	D: conservation of energy.
The air bubbles resulting from cavitation expand and block water channels of the what? Here are the choices: A. respiration B. heart C. ectoderm D. xylem		D: xylem.
Which gender typically experiences growth spurts first? Here are the choices: A. no difference B. male C. transgender D. female	Like boys, girls also go through an adolescent growth spurt . However, girls typically start their growth spurt a year or two earlier than boys (and therefore a couple of centimeters shorter, on average). Girls also have a shorter growth spurt. For example, they typically reach their adult height by about age 15. In ad...	D: female.
What are the only organisms that can decompose wood? Here are the choices: A. fossil B. bacteria C. fungi D. protists	Saprotrophs are the final step in decomposition. They feed on any remaining organic matter that is left after other decomposers do their work. Saprotrophs include fungi and single-celled protozoa. Fungi are the only organisms that can decompose wood.	C: fungi.
What part of the plant do nutrients enter? Here are the choices: A. the roots B. the stem C. the seeds D. the flower		A: the roots.
What is a solid particle that is indestructible? Here are the choices: A. quark B. nucleus C. atom D. neutron	Atoms are solid particles that are indestructible.	C: atom.
Activated macrophages and neutrophils discharge what that signals molecules that enhance an immune response? Here are the choices: A. nucelotides B. pathogens C. alkaloids D. cytokines		D: cytokines.
The extracellular fluid is in contact with the axon membrane only at what location? Here are the choices: A. dendrites B. synapses C. the nodes D. Sensory Receptors		C: the nodes.
Muscarinic receptors can cause both depolarization or hyperpolarization depending on the what? Here are the choices: A. strain B. subtype C. gravity D. phenotype	Nicotinic receptor causes depolarization. Muscarinic receptors can cause both depolarization or hyperpolarization depending on the subtype.	B: subtype.
What does rising air do when it reaches the top of the troposphere? Here are the choices: A. warms B. cools C. dries D. heats	The rising air cools as it reaches the top of the troposphere. The air gets denser, so it sinks to the surface. The sinking, heavy air creates an area of high air pressure near the ground.	B: cools.
The what is the number of wave cycles that pass a specified point in space in a specified amount of time? Here are the choices: A. density B. vibrancy C. intensity D. frequency	Waves need not be restricted to travel through matter. As Maxwell showed, electromagnetic waves consist of an electric field oscillating in step with a perpendicular magnetic field, both of which are perpendicular to the direction of travel. These waves can travel through a vacuum at a constant speed of 2.998 × 108 m/s...	D: frequency.
Intermediate filaments tend to give the structural stability to what? Here are the choices: A. muscles B. cells C. proteins D. nerves	8.7.1 Intermediate Filaments These are rope like filaments, 8-10nm in diameter and tend to give the structural stability to cells. Examples inculude Vimentin, neurofilaments and keratin. It is keratin which priniciply makes up hair, nails and horns.	B: cells.
What is the process in which a layer of a second metal is deposited on the metal electrode that acts as the cathode during electrolysis? Here are the choices: A. distillation B. cold fusion C. casting D. electroplating	Electroplating In a process called electroplating, a layer of a second metal is deposited on the metal electrode that acts as the cathode during electrolysis. Electroplating is used to enhance the appearance of metal objects and protect them from corrosion. Examples of electroplating include the chromium layer found on...	D: electroplating.
What is the term for diseases in which blood does not clot normally? Here are the choices: A. hemophilia B. arthritis C. lymphoma D. diabetes	Hemophilia is a group of diseases in which blood does not clot normally. Factors in blood are involved in clotting. When you bleed, your body begins a coagulation cascade of reactions, involving special proteins known as coagulation factors, to stop that bleeding. When one or more of these clotting factors are missing,...	A: hemophilia.
Cardiomyocytes are striated muscle cells found where? Here are the choices: A. in the diaphram B. in lung tissue C. in the intestines D. in cardiac tissue	Figure 40.13 Cardiomyocytes are striated muscle cells found in cardiac tissue. (credit: modification of work by Dr. Girod, Anton Becker; scale-bar data from Matt Russell).	D: in cardiac tissue.
Which protein, that stores oxygen in muscle cells, has been purified from a number of organisms? Here are the choices: A. melanin B. potassium C. myoglobin D. iodine	Myoglobin, a protein that stores oxygen in muscle cells, has been purified from a number of organisms. The protein from a sperm whale is composed of 153 amino acid units. What is the minimum number of nucleotides that must be present in the mRNA that codes for this protein?.	C: myoglobin.
A membrane has what property if it can control what molecules or ions enter or leave the cell? Here are the choices: A. impermeability B. indiscreet permeability C. susceptible permeability D. selective permeability	Probably the most important feature of a cell’s phospholipid membranes is that they are selectively permeable or semipermeable . A membrane that is selectively permeable has control over what molecules or ions can enter or leave the cell, as shown in Figure below . The permeability of a membrane is dependent on the org...	D: selective permeability.
What is the term for the amount of space taken up by an object? Here are the choices: A. size B. weight C. volume D. mass		C: volume.
What is the most common form of cancer in women? Here are the choices: A. breast cancer B. ovarian cancer C. melanoma D. lung cancer	The most common type of cancer in females is breast cancer . The cancer causes the cells of the breast to grow out of control and form a tumor. Breast cancer is rare in teens. It becomes more common as women get older. If breast cancer is found early, it usually can be cured with surgery.	A: breast cancer.
Exposure to what is the most common cause of hearing loss? Here are the choices: A. Guitar B. angry sounds C. outside sounds D. loud sounds	The most common cause of hearing loss is exposure to loud sounds. Loud sounds damage hair cells in the ear that are needed for hearing. Louder sounds damage hair cells more quickly than softer sounds.	D: loud sounds.
What basic plant structures generally have large surface areas and high surface-to-volume ratios? Here are the choices: A. flowers B. leaves C. roots D. stems		B: leaves.
What is the main component of phytoplankton? Here are the choices: A. cells B. amoebas C. algae D. seawater	Algae play significant roles as producers in aquatic ecosystems. Microscopic forms live suspended in the water column. They are the main component of phytoplankton. As such, they contribute to the food base of most marine ecosystems.	C: algae.
Metabolic enzymes catalyze catabolic reactions that break down what? Here are the choices: A. proteins B. carbohydrates C. lipids D. impurities	24.2 Carbohydrate Metabolism Metabolic enzymes catalyze catabolic reactions that break down carbohydrates contained in food. The energy released is used to power the cells and systems that make up your body. Excess or unutilized energy is stored as fat or glycogen for later use. Carbohydrate metabolism begins in the mo...	B: carbohydrates.
Ponds and lakes are examples of what kind of biome? Here are the choices: A. standing liquid biome B. standing marine biome C. standing freshwater biome D. standing lake biome	Freshwater biomes have water that contains little or no salt. They include standing and running freshwater biomes. Standing freshwater biomes include ponds and lakes. Lakes are generally bigger and deeper than ponds. Some of the water in lakes is in the aphotic zone, where there is too little sunlight for photosynthesi...	C: standing freshwater biome.
The skeletons of humans and horses are examples of what? Here are the choices: A. endoskeletons B. hydroskeleton C. pliant skeletons D. exoskeletons	Figure 38.4 The skeletons of humans and horses are examples of endoskeletons. (credit: Ross Murphy).	A: endoskeletons.
What type of tissue transports water, nutrients, and food in plants? Here are the choices: A. normal tissue B. vascular tissue C. rough tissue D. smooth tissue	A later adaption for life on land was the evolution of vascular tissue. Vascular tissue is specialized tissue that transports water, nutrients, and food in plants. In algae, vascular tissue is not necessary since the entire body is in contact with the water, and the water simply enters the algae. But on land, water may...	B: vascular tissue.
Stomata are special pores that allow gasses to enter and exit what? Here are the choices: A. the skin B. the leaf C. the flower D. the soil	Stomata are special pores that allow gasses to enter and exit the leaf.	B: the leaf.
What is created when the wave source moves faster than the wave propagation speed? Here are the choices: A. bow wake B. superceding wake C. piece wake D. loop wake	Sonic booms are one example of a broader phenomenon called bow wakes. A bow wake, such as the one in Figure 17.19, is created when the wave source moves faster than the wave propagation speed. Water waves spread out in circles from the point where created, and the bow wake is the familiar V-shaped wake trailing the sou...	A: bow wake.
In a transverse wave, the highest point the wave reaches is known as the? Here are the choices: A. flow B. crest C. axis D. valley	In a transverse wave, particles of the medium move up and down at right angles to the direction of the wave. Wave amplitude of a transverse wave is the difference in height between the crest and the resting position. The crest is the highest point particles of the medium reach. The higher the crests are, the greater th...	B: crest.
Which orbitals do electrons fill first? Here are the choices: A. furthest from nucleus B. charged orbitals C. empty orbitals D. closest to the nucleus	Electrons fill orbitals in a consistent order: they first fill the orbitals closest to the nucleus, then they continue to fill orbitals of increasing energy further from the nucleus. If there are multiple orbitals of equal energy, they will be filled with one electron in each energy level before a second electron is ad...	D: closest to the nucleus.
Many discrete characters are determined by a single gene locus with different alleles that produce distinct what? Here are the choices: A. phototypes B. clusters C. phenotypes D. subtypes		C: phenotypes.
What is the hardest type of coal? Here are the choices: A. anthracite B. peat C. lignite D. Bituminous	5. Anthracite is the hardest type of coal because it is metamorphic. Anthracite causes less pollution when it burns. Why do you think that is?.	A: anthracite.
All cells have voltages across their what? Here are the choices: A. plasma membranes B. ribosomes C. nuclei D. display membranes		A: plasma membranes.
Which is the largest planet in our solar system? Here are the choices: A. jupiter B. neptune C. uranus D. titan	Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system.	A: jupiter.
A crucial function of the cranial nerves is to keep visual stimuli centered on the fovea of what eye structure? Here are the choices: A. pupil B. retina C. scelra D. iris	Testing eye movement is simply a matter of having the patient track the tip of a pen as it is passed through the visual field. This may appear similar to testing visual field deficits related to the optic nerve, but the difference is that the patient is asked to not move the eyes while the examiner moves a stimulus int...	B: retina.
In what process is energy from the sun converted to stored chemical energy in an organism? Here are the choices: A. cellular respiration B. metabolism C. photosynthesis D. digestion	There is no reason to think that the alignment of the stars has anything to do with events that happen on Earth. The constellations are patterns made from stars in the sky. The patterns do not reflect any characteristics of the stars themselves. When scientific tests are done to provide evidence in support of astrologi...	C: photosynthesis.
Sunlight gives plants the energy they need for what? Here are the choices: A. glycolysis B. absorption C. photosynthesis D. respiration	Plants can get the energy they need for photosynthesis from either sunlight or artificial light.	C: photosynthesis.
What is lowered when salts go into ion form? Here are the choices: A. resistance B. charge C. power D. voltage	Most of the body’s resistance is in its dry skin. When wet, salts go into ion form, lowering the resistance significantly. The interior of the body has a much lower resistance than dry skin because of all the ionic solutions and fluids it contains. If skin resistance is bypassed, such as by an intravenous infusion, a c...	A: resistance.
What is produced during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils? Here are the choices: A. rich fatty acids B. partially-hydrogenated fatty acids C. trans fatty acids D. complete fatty acids	taste, and nutrition of butter. (Preservatives and antioxidants are also added. ) In most commercial peanut butter, the peanut oil has been partially hydrogenated to prevent it from separating out. Consumers could decrease the amount of saturated fat in their diet by using the original unprocessed oils on their foods, ...	C: trans fatty acids.

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