question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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how do they craft a perfume, and then how do they decide whether its for men or women? Whats the chemistry behind it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To create a perfume you need to be able to extract or create a scent, create a medium to carry that scent, a method to apply that scent and to make sure it doesn't immediately dissipate. Scents are usually essential oils. You can obtain or create essential oils from natural sources through methods like pressing, crushi... | Chemistry |
How do fireworks have direction, like in the case of fireworks that create hearts or smiley faces? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you see these designs in the sky, you're actually seeing a group of firework shells exploding at the same time. A firework display uses hundreds of launchers at a time in their shows to get the effects you see. For example, a heart shaped image can be 10 different fireworks exploding at the same time. They are sho... | Chemistry |
why does the humidity rise when electric roof vent is on? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Those attic fans pull air from your house into the attic and out, which also the pulls outdoor air into your house. If it's the evening and the air is cool that's great, and will cool your house down really fast. But if it's hot and humid out it will just make your house hot and humid. | Other |
What's the difference between the medication Lithium and the Lithium in batteries? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Great question. On one level, the active "ingredient" -- a positively charged lithium ion -- is the same, but the packaging or delivery is VERY different. A lithium battery WILL NOT be metabolized in a medicinal way, and a lithium pill will not power your phone. Medicinal lithium is in the form of lithium carbonate. Th... | Chemistry |
Isn't Social Security essentially a Ponzi Scheme? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No. A ponzi scheme is supposed to give investors a guaranteed rate of return, usually a high one. Social Security doesn't make that promise, and the increase is only tied to inflation. Second, social security was supposed to set up a trust to hold/invest money put into it. Unfortunately, politicians can't think long te... | Economics |
I get that oxygen is required for fire. But what about oxygen and it's chemical properties make it so vital for combustion reactions over other gasses? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Combustion is a high-temperature exothermic redox (reduction-oxidation) chemical reaction. Oxygen is a very common, and fairly strong, oxidizing agent. It is not, however, strictly required for a fire. Some very fun (read horrifying) chemicals like ClF3 are actually stronger oxidizers than oxygen, and will happily caus... | Chemistry |
Why do people with cold sores get them in the same spot on their lip? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They don't, really. They show up in different spots on the lips. But the reason they are clustered there is because the virus "lives" in a particular nerve in the face. Outbreaks can be triggered by stress, dryness, etc and that causes cold sores to appear. Here is a good link about it: URL_0 | Biology |
; How does Instagram know the difference between male and female nipples when detecting nudity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Image recognition and machine learning built off of user reports. So digital images are just really long strings of numbers and code derived from an algorithm right? If you didn't have the algorithm to decode the jumbled mess of letters into a picture on a screen, you'd look like [this guy]( URL_0 ). But, if you spend ... | Technology |
If I bought a stock at $.50/share and it's now $50/share, what percent did it increase? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You bought it at 0,50, and it's at 50, which means it has increased by 49,5. Much like if it had doubled you would say it's a 100% increase (increase by 100% of original value, which is 0,5), the new value is the old value increased by 9900%. So, it's 10000% of the original value, or a 9900% increase. Just like 1 is 20... | Mathematics |
Why does copper sulphate solution (for example), turn into crystals as the liquid evaporates? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Almost everything will form a solid substance in a regular pattern. By this I mean everything will form crystals at some temperature and pressure. Water is a wonderful substance which is polar. Even when two hydrogen atoms are associated with an oxygen atom there are spaces with more electrons and spaces with fewer ele... | Chemistry |
Why do surgeries, especially transplants, take so long? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | AST Certified and California credentialed Surgical Assistant here. Surgical procedures vary in length depending on how complicated the surgery is ( example - heart transplant 20+ hr VS a hip replacement 2-3 hr), the patients physical condition, and honestly the dr’s over all experience. In general anything having to do... | Biology |
How do lane departure warning systems work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They have cameras or other sensors that detect the lane markers. When the lane markers move outside a certain part of the sensor, and the driver hasn't used their turn signal, then the car notified the driver that they appear to be departing their lane. Usually there may be a camera mounted near the rear view mirror. | Technology |
How come spacecraft are able to take advantage of the rotational speed of Earth, but airplanes aren't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Spacecraft are going to leave the Earth's atmosphere and enter into orbit. Orbits involve moving around the Earth so fast that you move "sideways" away from the Earth at the same speed that you fall. At that point, your velocity relative to the Earth actually matters. Or, to phrase it another way, a spacecraft needs to... | Physics |
Can causality be measured with probability? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Kind of. If you're looking for something free of assumptions that allows you to deduce causality directly from observation, this is very much impossible. However, if you're ready to accept models of potential causality, there are various methods (generally called [causal inference]( URL_0 )) that can help you tease out... | Mathematics |
Why are there predictions that there will he a recession next year? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The US Fed is raising interest rates and unloading their balance sheet. This means there is less money in the country’s money supply. Businesses are forced to borrow at higher rates which means they have to be more conservative about their decisions in opening new plants and hiring new people as it will cost more with ... | Economics |
Why is the glass panel of a PC case always on the left side of the case? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Motherboard positioning mainly. The ATX motherboard standard and it's related standards (nearly universal outside of some odd OEM prebuilts) has its I/O panel and expansion ports on the left side of the board, and it's uncommon (for reasons I am not fully aware of) to mount a board upside-down. As such, in a case, the ... | Technology |
Why do horses need metal shoe rings? Are they not able to walk on their own like other animals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well they actually are more than able to live without shoes, wild horses never have shoes. For domestic horses which are bred for riding or pulling shoes help with their foot health. Horse hooves are made of keratin, basically they're really big thick fingernails, meaning much like human fingernails they're somewhat pl... | Biology |
Why does rendering gameplay in video editor take significantly more time than recording live gameplay? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Rendering a video is doing more than just putting images back to back and then creating a video that puts those images on the screen. It also does a lot of compression to the video so that the file size is much smaller and can be transmitted across the internet without using up all of your data limit. Lets do some quic... | Technology |
Why is it that upgrading a phone or a computer to a newer operating system typically results in the device performing worse or slower? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because phone companies use planned-obsolescence to slow down older devices artificially in order to push newer devices. OR Because newer software is more taxing on the hardware than older versions was. Both of these have some truth in them, I recall several instances where it was claimed that around the release of new... | Technology |
How do flashing lights cause seizures? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | During a seizure, the brain is firing at an incredible rate, just all cylinders go, to no particular end. As opposed to say, schizophrenia where the brain may be overfiring, but still trying to make specific things happen like walking or talking, and is not trying to do literally everything all at once. Epileptic seizu... | Biology |
How does lead block radiation particles? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Any material does. But lead is very dense, so there's more lead in an inch-thick sheet of lead than there is wood in an inch-thick piece of wood. That means even a relatively thin layer of lead serves as a decent shield - but a thick enough sheet of other materials would work fine as well. | Physics |
What happens to a photon after it enters your eye? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A photon entering the eye is technically being absorbed and emitted over and over as it moves through the materials of your eye such as the lens and vitreous humour. Each time it is absorbed it is destroyed and each time it is emitted a new one is created again. Once it encounters the retina it is absorbed and some of ... | Biology |
How does calculator know and use pi if even super computers can't know all the digits. Does it use like first 100 digits? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Probably way less than that. For any real-world application, even a few decimal places are totally sufficient. Use 6 digits, and the circumference of a kilometer-wide circle is less than a centimeter off the true value. That's already better than most measurement methods. And additionally to that, computers in general ... | Mathematics |
When you look at a clock right as the second hand moves, why does it seem like that second takes a little bit longer than normal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your brain blocks out the period of time when your eyes move, so that you don’t actually see the whole room move as your eyes do. But rather than have a split second of darkness, your brain then fills in the gap with the next thing you see, so what you first perceive is what you are looking at plus a little bit extra t... | Biology |
The CEO of the company I work for just sold $1.2 million of his company stock. What does that usually mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends on what the stock is worth and how much of it the CEO had, really. If the stock isn't worth much that would be a big sale which can mean bad news for the company or that they're moving on and don't want to carry the stock with them when they go. If the stock is valuable and the sale was small they could be buyi... | Economics |
How do planets bend time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Gravity, as far as we know, is caused by distortions in spacetime caused by mass. Since it's a distortion of spacetime it impacts both: space...which is why things are "pulled" towards planets, and time...clocks run slower near big masses. There's nothing special about planets in this respect, it happens with all masse... | Physics |
Why does animal butter get hard when you store it in the fridge but plant based butter doesn’t? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Plant based products are specifically made from a mixture of oils that stay a little bit soft at fridge temperatures. Butter made from cow milk simply has a fat that gets rather solid, and needs to be warmed up a bit to become soft again. Plant based butters can have sunflower oil, or oils from other seeds, that stay l... | Chemistry |
Why is liquid Oxygen blue and not red? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I don't think your Chemistry instructor was referring to the color of actual oxygen. It's just that in molecular diagrams and such, Oxygen is typically represented as a red atom. You can see that [here]( URL_0 ) The vast majority of the diagrams for the water molecule display Oxygen as the red atom. | Chemistry |
Why are watches worn on the non-dominant hand? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You use your dominant hand more and that means there is more opportunity for the watch to bang into stuff. Any watch also slightly reduces mobility and clearance which would be more annoying if on the dominant hand. Finally since you are using the dominant hand to do thing it is more likely that when you want to refere... | Other |
If stars twinkle and planets are reflecting a star’s light, why would a planet “twinkle” as well? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The "twinkle" is caused by the Earth's atmosphere distorting the light from stars as it passes through the air. Planets are much closer and physically larger to the naked eye, so they're less prone to this distortion because they're not a infinitely-small point of light in the sky. The stars themselves (usually) don't ... | Physics |
What is the difference between gold-backed currency and fiat currency? What is purchasing power? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are really three kinds of money to talk about: * Commodity money * Representative money * Fiat money **Commodity money** is a money whose value comes from what it is made out of. So gold or silver coins are commodity money. **Representative money** is an intrinsically valueless currency (i.e. a paper certificate)... | Economics |
Why is it colder at higher altitudes even though it’s closer to the Sun? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Gas in our atmosphere contains the heat we feel. Since gas is more concentrated (and at higher pressure) lower to Earth, since gravity pulls it there, there are more molecules to hold heat closer to the surface. Higher in the atmosphere gas is less concentrated and therefore the temperature is colder. | Physics |
Why is it that the screen appears totally black for a laptop from some angles but not so for my TV? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When color LCD screens were being invented a few different kinds cropped up, the two most common are TN, which is more responsive, but has worse color accuracy, and has the poor viewing angles, and IPS, which has better viewing angles and has better color accuracy. On laptops, and cheaper screens in general you'll usua... | Technology |
At restaurants, why is the tip amount written after the credit card has already been charged? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The bill is ran as a pre-authorization then when the server closes the check the adjust the amount to include the tip. The is a risk of the server putting whatever they want but not much due to the fact that that would be credit card fraud and is a felony and the sever would lose their job so that’s not really somethin... | Economics |
How does a cut-off system determine the duration it layed turned off? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yeah. There is indeed a chip in the computer that is constantly powered from a battery, that keeps track of time. I'm sure you know that most advanced calculators got a memory-preserving battery, so that it won't forget everything immediately if the system batteries run out. It's the same with the computer, except that... | Technology |
How did consciousness become a thing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Neurons. Our earliest ancestors had very few of them, no more than a dozen of them. Their sole purpose was to help the organism survive. For example a little tiny sea creature would need to move ever so slightly to hook onto a rock and then live it’s remaining days on that rock. The neurons helped it be able to move to... | Biology |
how was earth made? How is it formed as it is now and why are other planets not the same or similar as each other? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A few more factors that help earth be unique. An active core creates a magnetic field, protecting us from suns radiation Our distance from the sun is just right for liquid water The existence of Jupiter and its gravitational pull protects earth from asteroid impacts, making earth safer. The tilt of the earth, which was... | Earth Science |
how does analog audio work? (Like vinyl records) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sound is simply variations in sound pressure. Take a sheet of paper, and mount it in a frame, so that it's held securely. If you blow on it, it's going to flex away from the air. Now attach a needle to that and make it make a groove in something, which will follow those vibrations in the air. That's really all there is... | Technology |
Why are France and Spain 1 hour ahead of the UK when part of those countries are directly below us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because Nazis. They used to be in the same time zone as the UK. But then when the Nazis took over France in WW2, they switched them to the same time zone as Germany. Spain wasn't directly involved in WW2, but were on fairly good terms with the Nazis so also switched to have a matching time zone to aid cooperation. For ... | Other |
why is it that fire normally burns orange? Why isn’t it blue, green, or purple? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The color of a flame depends on what is burning and how hot it is. Most flames come from burning carbon based fuel (wood, wax, etc) and these things burn orange/red/yellow. The higher the temperature the whiter the flame. Other chemical substances simply burn different colors than carbon. This has to do with the amount... | Chemistry |
If you haven’t eaten for a while and you finally eat why do u feel immediacy better and like u have more energy even though the food couldn’t have been absorbed into you body yet ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because your brain lies to you. As the time between meals grows, your brain starts freaking out. It doesn't know the next time you are going to eat. You might not eat again. It begins sending hunger signals. You need to eat. You NEED to eat. I'M RATIONING ENERGY BECAUSE WE MIGHT RUN OUT! And then, ahhhh, a bite of food... | Biology |
Why are mouthwashes acidic when toothpastes are alkaline? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They have different functions. Toothpaste is there to mechanically remove plaque, so that bacteria has nowhere to grow in your teeth and gums. Mouthwash is an antiseptic. It kills bacteria in the mouth, especially the ones that cause gingivitis and halitosis (bad breath). It’s like soap versus hand sanitizer. One remov... | Chemistry |
How comets travel through space at such high speeds? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | comets usually have really long and "thin" orbits, and go really far away from the sun before returning and looping around really close to it. The whole time the sun is pulling them closer, they're speeding up, so they whip around the sun way faster than things in a steady, circular orbit (when they're way far away fro... | Physics |
How does minmax and alpha-beta algorithm manage to find the best possible solution? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Simply by playing as well as it can against itself for both sides. ***Let's start with minmax:*** A minmax algorithm starts with some move: and then goes "OK, for every move I make, what would my OPPONENT do in response?" It then goes to each of those moves and goes "OK, for every move my OPPONENT makes here, what is M... | Technology |
Why did Osama Bin Laden have so many brothers, but almost no sisters? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Statistically more likely that it's a result of female infanticide. Per Wikipedia, "Female infanticide is the deliberate killing of newborn female children. In countries with a history of female infanticide, the modern practice of sex-selective abortion is often discussed as a closely related issue. Female infanticide ... | Other |
What makes contagious diseases/illnesses contagious? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pathogens expresses things called virulence factors which help them in spreading and colonising new hosts and causing disease. Some examples of these would be adhesins (which help the pathogen stick to the host) and toxins (which disrupt the host normal function, giving the pathogen a foot hold). The more virulence fac... | Biology |
Why did the USSR suffer significantly higher casualty rates during WWII in comparison to the other powers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | After Nazi Germany and the USSR signed a non-aggression pact and divided Poland in half, Stalin knew the clock was ticking. Given Hitlers ideology of extreme nationalism and socialism, compared to the ideology of the USSR; it was quite obvious that the two could NOT co-exist. Especially when they're neighbor's. And her... | Other |
Why some physical properties are measured in log scale? For example decibel system for sound and the Richter Scale for magnitude of earthquakes. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because some things are better understood as increasing exponentially rather than linearly. An example I've heard is If you were walking around and saw a lion, you'd obviously panic a bit. But then you saw a second lion. You'd probably panic quite a bit more. But imagine that there were 70 lions to begin with, and then... | Physics |
why do our brains briefly obsess over things we like a lot? Like a book, tv series, or video game? What’s the chemistry behind obsessing over a thing we like? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A good friend of mine wrote an article on it I’m not 100% convinced of the science behind it but it makes sense. URL_0 Monotropism is the deep focus you are experiencing, thoughts are like channels carved in your mind, obsession is your train of thought going down a channel that runs deep. | Chemistry |
Can anyone explain the financial crisis of 2008 and what impacts it had on society? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically banks were able to offer loans for people to buy houses without worrying about if the person could pay back the loan. This was done because once the loan was sold they would package a bunch of loans up and sell them. There were rating companies whose job was to determine how safe the packages were but everyth... | Economics |
why can we go East/West forever but when we go North we eventually end up going South? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Feel like there's actually interesting maths/geometry behind this for some reason There is, but I think it's *way* beyond ELI5. You're asking why a sphere has poles, and the answer is because we usually measure a sphere using Euler angles (rotations about 3 orthoginal axies). We use Euler angles because they're intui... | Mathematics |
How does German schools teaches students about WW1 and WW2? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From learning about the build up to WW1, a lot of the conversation was not specifically Germany’s fault but a growing tension amongst multiple Europe powers, that resulted in a powder keg waiting to explode. For WW2, the rise of theNazi party can be discussed without being tied to the idea of modern Germany. There was ... | Other |
why is the phrase “people of colour” acceptable, but “coloured people” not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is what is termed a 'euphemism treadmill'. You start out with some term to describe a group of people. However, this group of people has some negative associations - and those negative associations get transferred to the term you're using. At this point, you need to come up with a new term because the old term sou... | Other |
After the death of actor Chadwick Boseman who died of colon cancer can someone explain how does colon cancer kill you? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cancers don't confine themselves to where they start. As tumors grow and cancer mutates, small parts of it can break off and travel elsewhere in the body, where they then give rise to more tumors. At Stage IV, most cancer has reached that stage, and is almost impossible to actually stop with treatment. | Other |
Stain Removers (Carpet particularly) - Do they remove the staining material, or just change the colour? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Coffee stains are known as "oxidisable stains." What this means is that the part of the molecule that causes the stain to have color is also susceptible to being broken by an oxidizing agent (eg, hydrogen peroxide, bleach, etc.). The staining material is likely still there, but the chemical structure has been altered s... | Chemistry |
not sure how dumb this sounds but since we are running out of oil it seemed worth it - plants use CO2 and water (+sunlight) to make energy in their chloroplast... what's there stopping us from making large chloroplast generators that would generate energy for us ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sure, you could use it to make bio-diesel and then use diesel generators to make electricity. It's more than possible, it could be engineered. However, there are less expensive ways to make electricity, like solar panels or wind generators. We have no shortage of energy, economic factors balance which sources are the m... | Chemistry |
Skin aging: how does oil keep it young? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your skin is a living thing and it uses natural oils that your body produces to stay supple and healthy so putting oil on your skin is just a little bonus nutrients for it. It’s the same reason people oil up leather, because it too was a living thing at one point so keeping leather oiled makes it soft and playable just... | Biology |
I have 4 young plants in a vase. One starts losing strength, space is running out. I take it out of the vase. The other plants now battle for their space and grow stronger than the first plant killed. After a while, one remains. Do plants eat each other's roots? How do they take the space? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Each plant's roots need a certain amount of space to ensure adequate nutrient and water absorbtion from the soil. If it's cramped in there, all of them are getting less than they need. This is also why you have to keep transplanting your plants into larger and larger pots as they continue to grow, because they've "outg... | Biology |
How come some big events (like the Olympics and the Super Bowl) can't be mentioned on things like Youtube shows, but others can? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Anyone can mention the Olympics or the Super Bowl. What they can't do is imply they are associated or endorsed by those events, that would be a trademark violation. Also, those events are traditionally *very* aggressive when it comes to enforcing their trademarks. Even if you are are mentioning in a legally acceptable ... | Other |
How does the moons gravity pull the entire ocean up for high tide but it can't stop rain from falling? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The moon isn't pulling the ocean away from the earth, as though if it had enough time it would suck all the water off the planet. Instead, the moon and the earth share a center of mass. Since the moon is so big, that center of mass is not in the center of the earth, it's at a point between the center of the earth and t... | Physics |
If an astronaut was to open his suit in space and all the oxygen was sucked out where would it go? Would it somehow make it to Earth? If you were closer to another planet would it affect the outcome? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Each molecule would move according to the velocity it gained while being expelled from the suit, determined by the pressure behind it and its initial speed. If there was a planet nearby, the planet's gravity would pull on it; whether it could pull it all the way in would depend on that initial velocity and the mass of ... | Chemistry |
Why does a kettle get quieter the closer it is to boiling? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The lower temperature causes the vapor to recondense into liquid and the bubbles collapse, making a noise. When the water is uniformly hot and the bubbles make it to the top gradually louder, as bubble production increases, until the water is so uniformly hot that the bubbles make it to the top without popping. | Other |
Can dish soap be separated from water after its be emulsified? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | With some things, it would be possible Lets say you put salt into water. You could then boil off the water and be left with salt I dont see why the same wouldnt be for soap, but by soap I mean the chemicals known as fatty acids in the detergent which to the grunt work of the cleaning. Commercial soaps also contain dyes... | Chemistry |
What is lacking from modern CGI that allows humans to still distinguish it from real objects on film? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You only notice it on people because you have tens of millennia of refinement in your brain to spot the subtlest differences in people to find something that isn't quite right and could signify danger. Subtle things from not moving quite right for the body they have, to slight shine off the face, to hair not falling qu... | Technology |
What makes some water so clear that you can see the bottom? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s not something that actively makes the water clear rather than the abscence of little particles levitating in the water. Those particles are, depending on how many of those are in the water, pretending the light from permeating the water and reflecting the light back to the surface making it impossible to see throu... | Chemistry |
How does a pinhole camera take pictures when its just a box with film inside of it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Light comes in, it hits the film, reacts with the film, and leaves an image via chemical reaction. The pinhole means that each bit of the film only gets light from one angle. You don't need a lens, you don't need zoom, you don't need a shutter if you manually cover it, you don't need a viewfinder. That's all you need f... | Technology |
How can something hot burn one person and not another? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The explanation is rather simple: We're all different. Some people can withstand more pain than others, some people can withstand low oxygen levels better than others, some people can withstand hot beverages better than others, some people can drink more alcohol than others before getting drunk, etc. It all boils down ... | Biology |
How do "division tricks" work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For division by 9, it works because we count in base 10. Each digit has ten possible settings 0-9, and when the number wraps to zero, you add one to the next digit up. 9+1=10. Add the digits of 10 and you get 1, which is also what you get if you drop all the nines. Three works because 9 is evenly divisible by 3, so add... | Mathematics |
How do stealth planes & drones actually work ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Stealth aircraft use two main techniques for avoiding radar detection: Using radar-absorbing materials and having certain angles of outer surfaces to reflect radar waves away from the receiver. Radar works by sending out an electromagnetic signal out into the air. Those electromagnetic waves hit aircraft and are bounce... | Technology |
Why do we need sleep and what happens if we go without? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are some evolutionary theories like how the odds of getting killed by a night predator goes down when we're not active at night. Some theorize that we sleep to conserve energy as our metabolism lowers when sleeping so we can use that food more effectively. One major component is the formation of adenosine in our ... | Biology |
Why do horses need to wear horse shoes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Domesticated horses live in environments filled with more moisture than the original habitat they came from. This excess moisture softens and breaks down the ceratin in the hoof leading to splitting or other deformations. A shoe adds protection as well as working to, in a sense, hold the hoof together. Note that not al... | Biology |
Why does a guitar have harmonics only on certain parts of the fretboard/string? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First you need to understand the concept of overtones. Let's say you play the open E string. The main and strongest tone you're going to hear is the E note, because that's the main frequency the string is vibrating at. But because the string isn't vibrating at exactly the same speed across the whole string \(the middle... | Mathematics |
Why do we toss and turn/constantly reposition ourselves during our sleep? What makes one position suddenly stop being comfortable even when we are not fully conscious? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Usually this is due to ischemia- lack of blood. When you're sitting in a position too long your body tells you to move, whether or not you realize it, to get the blood flowing back. If blood is robbed from an area of your body for too long, the tissue dies. If you don't move, you get something called a pressure ulcer. ... | Biology |
What does it mean that a situation is a prisoner’s dilema? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The classic prisoner's dilemma is that two suspected criminals are being questioned separately (so they can't communicate with one another). If they both stay silent, they'll serve 1 year in prison. If they both turn on each other, they'll both serve 5 years in prison. If one turns but the other stays silent, the one t... | Economics |
What is a ETF and Index Fund and how are they different from each other? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | ETFs (Exchange-Traded Funds) and Mutual Funds are two different ways of selling/buying funds (packages of investments). ETFs are traded on a market like stocks, and usually have a lower minimum investment. Mutual funds are bought/sold directly with the company running them (or through a broker), and usually have a high... | Economics |
How does the US have the ability to mass produce several brands of a single product? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Both. And to be clear there’s far more factories than that, as lots of beverage stuff is made locally or regionally, as transporting it across long distances can be just too expensive for these low cost, heavy weight products. Also, most bottled water just uses filtered versions their local tap water, nothing “special”... | Economics |
How exactly can a bilateral epididymectomy fail (thus causing an unplanned pregnancy to result) when the tunica vaginalis is both stitched shut and so incredibly thick? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Two options. One, the person who just had surgery doesn't use backup birth control until their samples come back negative, meaning they are still ejaculating sperm and can therefore get someone pregnant. Or two, the body can heal, and occasionally a new pathway between the testicle and the rest of the epididymis is for... | Biology |
How do CPUs have such a high wattage and such a low voltage? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | yes, they do. They run at such a high speed that the transistors are always switching, and therefore they're pretty much always in their linear region and burning power. They tend to have upwards of 8 seperate power phases for high end CPUs. Look on the motherboard, near the CPU there's a bunch of massive inductors. ea... | Technology |
Why do some cuts scar and others don't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Here is a fun experiment to do. Get a heavy rock or brick and some packing tape. Wrap the tape around the rock, and then tape it to the edge of a table so that the rock hangs down and pulls on the tape. Then get a knife. The tape is pulled tight along the length of the tape. Take the knife and make a short *vertical* s... | Biology |
How is the new Ocean Cleanup Machine supposed to clean up trash without hurting wildlife? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not clear. One of the big challenges with ocean plastic cleanup is that the plastic particles are about the same size, shape, and density as a bunch of living organisms. How is a filter supposed to tell the difference between a dinoflagellate and a microbead, or a plastic bag and a [salp]( URL_1 )? The Ocean Cleanup Ma... | Technology |
How come beautiful music/voices causes us to get goosebumps? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Check out r/frisson ! It’s actually just a portion of the population that gets a reaction like goosebumps from music/other sensory things. It’s something that’s not clearly clearly studied yet, but ultimately it’s simply a form of a strong response of the brain to a strong stimuli of a thing like music. | Biology |
Predeterminism Philosophy and how it works? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine a pool table. A man with a cue applies force to the cue ball, and it heads off toward the 1-ball. The moment the cue ball has been struck, the fate of all the balls has been determined. Is that 13 going to fall into the corner pocket? We may not know yet, but the answer is encoded in the position and momentum a... | Other |
What exactly makes the indicator lights on some electronic devices stay on for a while even though you unplugged them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Capacitors. When you have a solid state device that needs DC power for its circuits and you want to power it from the AC outlet, you need a power supply. A power supply contains a transformer, to change the voltage, a rectifier to convert AC to bouncing DC, and a capacitor to smooth the DC. The capacitor works by stori... | Technology |
What is the difference of a 32 bit and 64 bit system? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically the difference is a 32-bit system uses 32 “bits” of binary (32 pairs of either “1” or “0”). The biggest binary number you can have is 11111111111111111111111111111111. In a 64-bit system, it uses 64 bits of binary (11111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111). This distinction has far-re... | Technology |
Why are the edges of stains the darkest? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is called the [coffee ring effect]( URL_0 ) and is the product of fluid flowing outwards as it evaporates. This is because the stuff near the edges evaporates faster and the stuff near the center flows out to balance the amounts of fluid. This brings all of the stuff floating around in the fluid towards the outsid... | Chemistry |
If love, feelings of happiness, loneliness, etc., are just chemical reactions in your brain, why can't things like loneliness be cured just by supplementing them with the missing chemicals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Maybe one day we might be able to. We still only have a basic understanding of the brain. It's like asking why the Wright Brothers didn't fly to the moon. There is so much we still don't understand about the brain and medicine. We get a step closer every day. Technically I guess you could cure loneliness by drugging so... | Chemistry |
Why is a 3 x 3 Picture Rubiks cube more difficult than a standard 3 x 3 Rubiks cube? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Two things: 1. The center square has to be oriented correctly in a picture cube and if you've only ever learned on a normal cube, figuring out how to change the orientation of the center square is an added challenge. 2. Depending on the pictures it may not be immediately clear in a mixed-up cube where each square belon... | Mathematics |
Why does everyone hate big crop seed/pesticide companies like Sygenta and Monsanto? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I have worked in the biotech feild since high school and the people i meet who are against these companies typically give me the same two reasons: 1. They dont like/understand what a GMO is and think they are dangerous or unhealthy 2. Monstanto has been known to sue small farms just to protect their patents. (See Monsa... | Chemistry |
Why is styrofoam so "magnetic"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not magnetism, but electrostatics. Same effect as rubbing a balloon on your hair and then having it stick to a wall. When you rub things together electrons can come off thing one and end up on thing two. Both things now have an equal and opposite charge. If you rapidly separate them (styrofoam flying off), they re... | Physics |
Why didn’t Disney just renew the copyright for Steamboat Willie in 1976 and 1998? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As outlined in the article, works created by corporations are protected for 95 years from first publication or 120 years from creation. This is not up for renewal, so Mickey’s copyright will expire soon. Even under the renewal system, works were only up for one renewal period, there was not indefinite ability to renew ... | Other |
why and/or how does internet data usage (by my home internet connection for example) cost internet service providers money? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | While you might not see it day to day, they have to pay to maintain the infrastructure, lay the cables, produce the hardware, give you an IP address. There are lots of pieces of the package which we don’t have in our homes but is required to get you online, and it costs money - these charges are passed to you, plus a s... | Technology |
Why do you get better for a few days after receiving a fatal dose of radiation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's the immediate damage like (edit: FIRE) burn which physically damages your body. The body heals that just like a regular burn. But the bigger problem of radiation is that it scrambles the DNA of your cells. This isn't so big of a problem until your cells get old and try to divide and make their replacement, and ... | Biology |
Written language and arithmetic are human developments and constructs, so how do learning disabilities like dyslexia and dyscalculia exist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | These things may be human constructs, but our ability to understand them is based in the hardware of the brain. It is just elaborating upon systems that were already in place that allowed us to analyze information. all animals can do this to one degree or another, and we just happen to take it to an extreme. Hey learni... | Biology |
How does Netflix afford to pay Dave Chappelle 20 million a special? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Netflix's business model is that they take money from users every month and use that money to pay for content. The more/better content they have, the more likely users will be willing to subscribe or keep subscribing. Netflix has 2 choices. They can buy content from other content owners or they can make their own. The ... | Economics |
How come music live records sound worse the better technology gets? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because "live" albums are not always recorded live. Take the album "Stop Making Sense". Talking Heads assembled a touring band, rearranged their songs for that band, and performed in front of live audiences with that band. Then, they went into a studio and recorded the touring arrangements, adding just a little audio f... | Technology |
How do waterproof matches work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Waterproof matches don't burn underwater. They have a protective coating, usually a thin wax, that rubs off when you strike them. They're waterproof because of the wax, and unlike other matches can withstand beimg wet first. They do need to be a little dry, though, like a good shake or wipe. Fuses that burn underwater ... | Chemistry |
Why are piano keys in sections of C D F G A B and not A B C D F G? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The original key first written down in the middle ages was A minor, which is the white notes of the piano: ABCDEFGA, with the music written in this key "centred" on the A. However musicians found that they could achieve a different effect by choosing a different note to "centre" on... The most popular being C, which gi... | Other |
are there any practical applications of non-Euclidean geometry other than navigation via boat or plane? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Absolutely. One example which I can quickly make up: AC electric current tends to flow around the surface of an object, rather than through its volume. This is called the 'skin effect'. If you have an object with a curved surface, and you have an electrical current flowing over/through it, then finding the path of leas... | Mathematics |
how can a stock price change if the volume stays at 0? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depending how the price index is calculated, it can vary as people try unsuccessfully to buy or sell. The London Stock Exchange quoted price differs depending on trading activity in that share. > Price > ..... This is the last automatic trade, the last uncrossing price **or the mid-price of the best bid and offer price... | Economics |
What is NAT? And why there are online games that are not using NAT Filter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So NAT stands for Network Address Translation, its a technique for dealing with the fact that ISPs don't have enough internet addresses to give one to every device on the internet. Instead they'll give a network address to your home router, then your home router will give a private (non-internet) address to all devices... | Technology |
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