question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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How does human perception of sound work? How many sounds can a human hear? What makes sound different? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | [This is a (really interesting) video about how languages use tone, but the part relevant to your question is from 2:02 to 2:32]( URL_0 ) Basically, sound is a wave carried through some medium, usually air. The shape of the wave matters a lot and determines almost everything. One way to see this wave is to imagine how ... | Biology |
How come airplane passengers don't have shoulder harnesses like pilots do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Turbulence can and has killed people on flights without their seat belts on, by throwing them into the ceiling when the plane suddenly descends or gets thrown around. Up and down motions are to be avoided. Whilst violent forward and back motions are also to be avoided, they are usually only caused by impacts either wit... | Other |
how does alcohol intoxicate you? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant and it slows the synapses (or communications) between your neurons which are the cells that make up your brain and spinal cord. The feeling of intoxication from alcohol is the combined effect of this reduced communication in all the important structures in your brain. The ... | Biology |
How do lubricants actually work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Everything you see has little holes on it, like a golf ball. These holes grab each other as the objects touch. This slows down the object's ability to move. This is called friction. Lubricants work by filling in all the little holes so that objects can slide smoothly past each other. | Chemistry |
Unbiased explanation of Critical Race Theory? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Critical Race Theory is the theory that most, if not all, aspects of modern society have racism baked in, which is why it’s been so hard to get rid of racism. For example, we tend to assume that our laws are written to be race-neutral, but critical race theorists point to the fact that people from different racial back... | Other |
What actually is happening when your ears “pop” driving up a mountain or when flying? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | An equalization of pressure. Your inner ear contains air at a certain pressure. As you go higher air pressure drops and the air in your ears wants to be at the same pressure. This creates a popping sound which is you hearing air moving between your ears and the outside world | Biology |
How can the sound that sperm whales make be so loud, and yet, divers can swim next to them and we can record the noises they make? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They don't typically make the super loud noises near people swimming, they are more interested in looking at the people. Water conducts sounds better and faster than air as well. As for how they produce the songs: URL_0 Basically they can move air over vocal cords lungs < - > air sacks. Plus they were very large, vocal... | Biology |
Why is gigantism and acromegaly so rare in humans? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They are not heritable conditions, which would be a number one issue insofar as selection. Beyond that, the conditions can be debilitating, as they place a large amount of stress upon the skeleton and organs. Being abnormally large does not necessarily equate to being abnormally strong, and in fact may result in the in... | Biology |
Why does it usually take about a week for anti-anxiety meds/antidepressants to kick in? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | My understanding is we don't really know why antidepressants work in the first place. They were experimented with because people with depression and anxiety consistently have less of a specific chemical in their brains (Serotonin). Many of these drugs through many different mechanisms increase the amount you have. The ... | Chemistry |
How did all goverments determine how much currency is made to not get inflation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I researched this a few months ago so I’ll state what I found. Currency gets their values from the ratio of their supply to their demand. When the demand for the currency is higher than the supply, its value increases. When the demand is lower than the supply, its value decreases. Simple Law of Supply and Demand. There... | Economics |
why do king tides occur during full/new moons? Why not other phases of the moon cycle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | During a New Moon and Full Moon, the gravity of the Sun and the Moon are on the same plane as the earth is. (New = Sun, Moon, Earth, Full = Sun, Earth, Moon) The moon isn't in alignment with the earth and sun during other phases so there are no (fewer?) gravitational compounding effects | Earth Science |
What's the point of credits and debits in accounting? I don't understand how the system of increasing debits and credits to equity/assets/revenue/liability/expense etc. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Accounting was invented before mathematics had developed into its current form. One of the things missing from mathematics was the concept of zero and negative numbers. So in order to note which direction the money is going accountants are using debit and credit. Debit being the money going into an account and credit b... | Economics |
If I buy shares at one value then later sell them at a higher value, who/what is funding that profit to me? Is someone/thing out poorer as a result? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In theory, the company itself is funding the increase. When you bought it, everyone believed the company was worth $50 a share. Since then, the company has done something to increase their profits and now everyone believes the company is worth $65 a share. You have made $15, but nobody has *lost* $15 - the value of the... | Economics |
How did Victorian scientists test for chemicals/substances in blood before the age of modern technology? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Even at the Victorian era the knowledge base for chemistry is not too different from today. Many modern chemical principles were theorised and proven back then. There are simple chemical tests that were known at the time. There’s a famous case study of this where a person who died of what was suspected of arsenic poiso... | Technology |
why can't we drain some water out of the sea to simultaneously combat rising sea levels and drought? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, we already do. there is more than 15,000 operational desalinization plants globally. **In California alone there are 11 desalination plants, with 10 more proposed. But there are big downsides to making seawater drinkable.** Globally, more than 300 million people now get their water from desalination plants, accor... | Earth Science |
Why do some freckles come in small 'dustings' of lots together, and others are larger and alone? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | More sun exposure. The bridge of your nose and top of your cheeks stick out and get blasted by the sun above you, resulting in more freckles. My shoulders are absolutely covered in them for the same reason. The "freckles" on your cheek could be birthmarks or moles that arent raised, not 100% sure otherwise why they wou... | Biology |
Why are fires not fought with Sea Water? Isn't using fresh water to fight fires considered a waste? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Using sea water could devastate entire eco systems. They just use what ever water source is closest. Some of the water will return to the water table. Salt left after the fire remains. Temporary fix will leave the area salted for generations. Unless it’s a sat marsh, the salt will ruin the soil and prevent anything els... | Other |
Why are almost all LCD displays (calculators, kitchen appliances, digital watches) at a slight angle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The LC (liquid crystals) re-orient themselves to block the passage of light or allow it. Like a piece of paper that will block your view if it's facing you, and not block your view if it's egdewise. So if the LCD display is back-lit, like a computer screen that has LED lamps right behind the screen, then the screen doe... | Technology |
why is lithium hard to recycle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Lithium reacts different than many other elements, and because it's so light (atomic number 3, just below hydrogen) if it catches fire, it flies away. Currently millions of dollars are being driven into finding a good way to do it using either chemical reactions or dissolving in water, that are also cheap and non-pollu... | Technology |
Is the alcohol in mouthwash the same type as found in wine and beer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The alcohol in mouthwash is indeed food grade ethanol, there are some alcoholic people who do consume it to get drunk as sometimes it's cheaper and more accessible than regular alcohol. It's not a great idea to drink it though because the high concentration of fluoride and other tooth strengthening/cleaning and breath ... | Chemistry |
If gravity distorts time how did this affect time right after the Big Bang? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That's one of the interesting and unanswered questions of physics. If the universe was dense and all matter was together did time move at a slower rate? It's possible, and probable, But the next question is would it have mattered? Since the universe was all equally as dense, all of space time would have been affected b... | Physics |
When breathing turns oxygen into carbon dioxide, where does the carbon come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The food you eat. Sugars, fats, carbohydrates, they are pretty much just variations of long carbon/hydrogen based molecules. Inside your body you react them (basically set them in fire without the flame) and they break down into CO2, water, and heat/energy. That heat/energy keeps you alive and moving, the water keeps y... | Biology |
How does paying off a loan early save money? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You have that completely wrong :) So this is going to go a little more indepth than you probably need, but its good to understand what is happening. When you take out a loan for lets say $1000, it is going to come with an interest rate and a term. Now when you go ahead and start paying this loan off they have set up an... | Mathematics |
How do multi vitamins work? The ones I have contain around 24 vitamins and minerals. How do they add all of it into one capsule, enough to supplement a full day's diet? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Have you tried reading the dosages for each part? Some nutrient requirements are measured in *micrograms* per day. I don't think any of them reach the level of grams per day needed for health support. It all fits just fine. Most of the tablet will actually be fillers such as cornstarch, plus binders so it doesn't fall ... | Chemistry |
Why do we find viscous liquids so satisfying? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Honestly I dont think this is an actual thing that has an explanation. Its more of a preference. I dont think humans have an innate love with viscus liquids like we do with.... idk cant think of a good example, but its not programmed in like our love for pheromones or something. | Other |
How does campaign finance corruption work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Say you're running for office. I want you to win, and I have a fuckton of money, but I can only give you $2,000 directly. That's not much for a national office campaign! Oh no! So screw that, instead I'm going to start a Political Action Committee. DatOneGuy-69 For America PAC is unaffiliated with your campaign, so I c... | Other |
Why is requiring ID when voting considered voter suppression? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The main issue is that is it trying to solve a problem that doesn't exist. There is no evidence of widespread voter fraud from people misrepresenting their identities. Many people have expended a lot of effort to try to find some, and thus far have come up empty. So while in isolation it might seem to be an innocuous r... | Other |
How did Musicians used to make money when their songs got played on the radio or their videos got played on MTV back in the 90s? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They primarily made their money the same way they do now -- by touring. Radio play, and even music sales don't pay an artist very much, unless you are an absolute monster of an artist. Radio pay is small beans (and only goes to the writer of the song) and for album sales, the artist would only get about $1 per album sa... | Economics |
I understand that space is always expanding, but expanding into what? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Space is not expanding *into* anything. In fact, space may already be infinite in extent. The expansion of space means that as a general rule, all points are continuously growing further away from all other points. Imagine a 3D cubic lattice of dots, or points in space. At time t=0, the distance between adjacent points... | Physics |
Why is San Clemente Island only visible in the winter months? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Whenever I have a question like yours, that I want a real answer to (not just people’s guesses) I email a professor in that science at a local college. I’ve done this probably 10+ times and always get an answer. Not just an answer, every time they have explained it in way that makes sense and are super nice about it. O... | Earth Science |
Why was windows 8 considered a downgrade in operative systems? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It was a bug-ridden mess. I had programs and games that worked fine in 7, and in 10, but not in 8 or 8.1. It was designed from the ground up to be a mobile operating system but was rammed into the desktop market which has entirely different UI needs. It had weird bugs that never got patched or even acknowledged by MS, ... | Technology |
What are the benefits of ice baths? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It reduces inflammation in muscles, which is why someone would do it after a race. Like putting ice on a sprained muscle, except you put it everywhere to treat minor soreness. Some of these athletes probably believe that activating the body's adaptations to cold has wider ranging benefits; they probably take ice baths ... | Biology |
What's with quartz crystals being in watches? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In nearly all quartz watches, the frequency is 32768 Hz, and the crystal is cut in a small tuning fork shape on a particular crystal plane. This frequency is a power of two (32768 = 215), just high enough to exceed the human hearing range, yet low enough to permit inexpensive counters to derive a 1-second pulse. URL_0 | Chemistry |
Why is every first episode of a show titled the "pilot" episode? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a Hollywood tradition. You label it "Pilot" so that people in the industry know that it's the first episode being made as a test run to see if the show is popular enough to convince the network to spend the full amount of money to make it a full series. | Other |
How do public terminals wipe everything and reset every session? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | depends on how the IT dept setup the terminal. back in the day, the entire computer ran off a static disk image. after every logoff, the entire computer wiped itself and restored from the image. nowadays alot of it is just storing session data in a container. once session is gone, toss the container away. when you logi... | Technology |
if the perimeter of a circle and a square are the same why is the area of the circle greater? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Take a loop of string. Make a square out of it. The square has some area. Now pull two opposite corners of the square as far apart as you can. The new shape has the same perimeter as the square did, but almost no area at all. So we can use the same perimeter to make shapes with different area. If you take your square a... | Mathematics |
How does the World Bank work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Anyone can lend money to governments by buying bonds from them. It is considered a fairly safe form of investment. It is therefore used a lot by savings banks, pension funds and the like. You are likely either directly or indirectly lending some of your money to the government yourself. As for the World Bank that is mo... | Economics |
Why are there no competition on certain things? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some businesses are a *natural monopoly* or a *winner take all* situation. If you write apps, you want to write them for the most popular device, not for the 5th most popular device. So whoever is most popular gets more new apps, making them even *more* popular, in a self-reinforcing cycle. | Economics |
Why does wood get hard when burned for a short while, but get brittle if it is burned for too long? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As you probably know, wood is made of a load of atoms, mainly carbon. All of these atoms are joined together by covalent bonds, which are pretty strong, but not unbreakable. To break these bonds, you need to reach this thing called an "activation energy," which breaks the bonds, and makes the wood brittle, as it is not... | Chemistry |
If minerals are rocks/metals ( i think ) then how do they get in foods or in our body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | "minerals" in this sense are just elements of the periodic table, i.e. individual atoms or molecules of iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus etc. Plants take them up through their root systems and create complex organic compounds with them. Magnesium for example is very important for the photosynthesis in green plants. Anim... | Chemistry |
what causes the earth to rotate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not the big bang, at least certainly not directly. It is something known as the conservation of angular momentum. Basically when particles clump together they don't join perfectly instead they hit each other off-centre which causes them to rotate this initial rotation is enhanced by each new particle joining. However i... | Physics |
What Actually happens if the CDC detects a Superbug? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Doctor here. We already got a bunch of them. Not a lot. But definitely more than one (world, not just usa). It's probably not kept under wraps. But we are extremely careful to prevent this from happening in the first place. That's why it's important to not jump on antibiotics every time you get a cold. And more importa... | Other |
Minneapolis and St. Paul are two major cities of small land areas in the same state that border each other. Is there any good reason they can't combine like the New York Boroughs did in 1898? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No. There is no practical reason why they cannot combine. If you watch "Gangs of New York," you can see practical reasons why combining police forces and having uniform laws are a plus. Then again many urban areas have separate governments separated by bodies of water. State government has a lot to do with the decision... | Other |
What happens to the dead bodies of bacteria after killing them in boiling water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They stay in the water some cells will remain in one piece and some will be pulled apart by the boiling. When you drink it you can use use if like any animal or plant cell you eat there is not fundamental difference. Products like Spirulina is dried cyanobacteria so we can use dead bacteria as food as long as they did ... | Biology |
how can we have information about stars dozens of light years away? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Light contains a lot of very useful imformation coded into its [spectral lines]( URL_2 ). They help us to figure out the composition of a star. By using [triangulation]( URL_0 ) and [standard candles]( URL_1 ) we can get a good idea of the distance of a star. When we know the distance and the composition we can use tha... | Physics |
How many times do you need to flick a light switch on and off before its more efficient to leave the light on for an hour? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The cost effectiveness of when to turn off lights depends on the type of bulb and the cost of electricity. The type of lightbulb you use is important for several reasons. All lightbulbs have a nominal or rated operating life, which is affected by how many times they are turned on and off. The more often they are switch... | Physics |
What is the difference between a daily, bi-weekly, and monthly contact lens? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's mostly about the quality of the contact lens. A daily lens will be thin and prone to drying. Particles from you eye and air will accumulate on it and it won't be much durable, so using it more than 1 or 2 days might causes problems. They will be less comfortable, might irritate your eyes and will easily rip if you... | Other |
Why renewable energy isn’t dominating the market yet? Wouldn’t a combination of solar/wind/hydro/tidal/geothermal energy suffice at least a big chunk of a country’s consumption? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Fossil fuels in many cases are still cheaper than renewable energy. Importantly they are also very reliable and can adapt quickly to demand. We don't have very effective ways to store large amounts of energy so electricity needs to be generated when we need it, and that isn't always when the wind is blowing, the sun is... | Technology |
How is the ozone layer healing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ozone is created through a reaction with normal oxygen (02) and solar radiation. It is then depleted through various chemical reactions. So the ozone layer isn't something that is static - it is constantly forming new ozone to replace the ozone that gets lost. & #x200B; We threw this natural system out of whack for a l... | Chemistry |
When your iris changes in size from light why does does the area we can see not change? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because the retina -- where light is processed into signals for the brain -- it's kind of like a movie screen -- is not immediately adjacent to the iris. If the retina were adjacent to the iris, then yes, a smaller iris aperture would mean a smaller field of vision. But light hits the retina (the curved movie scre... | Biology |
If a grain of sand represented the earth, what item would represent the universe and how do you do such calculations? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's pretty straight forward math....using some estimates, the observable universe is estimated to be ~93 billion light years in diameter but it's still growing. Light years are roughly 6 trillion miles. So 93 billion * 6 trillion miles gives you 558e+21 miles - or, 558 followed by 21 zeroes. A grain of sand can vary q... | Earth Science |
Why do gift cards have an expiry date? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Gift cards are put on the balance sheet of the company as a liability. They have a debt in order to provide a product or service at a future date. Many gift cards are never redeemed but the company cannot know *which* cards are never going to be used. If they never expired then such debts would accrue over time into a ... | Economics |
Is it true that the missionary position was named after Christian missionaries? If it is true why weren't tribes people already doing that simple position? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's certain that the natives knew many positions, including the missionary one. In the Bible it uses the phrase to lay down with as a euphemism for having intercourse with. So some thought that any position were both were not lying down as somehow deviant. Hence, doggy style would be considered immoral. | Other |
What are all the extra ingredients in a cigarette for if nicotine is the main goal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are lots of reasons, also keep in mind that most lists are of a company's additives across all their brands, not just one product. The main reasons for additives get added are flavor/scent, burning retardant (so the cigarette doesn't smolder too quickly when not being actively smoked), or modifying nicotine deliv... | Chemistry |
Why can we hear a voice and then copy it (to some degree of success) and how come we can read a sentence in Morgan Freeman’s voice even if we never heard him say the words in it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because everything we perceive is really a construct of our mind. We don't perceive reality in the first place, we interpret it from various sensations. Our brain is incredible good at imagining things since it literally does this all day long. So, your initial perception of Morgan Freeman was based off the signals you... | Biology |
How are all Poptart varieties exactly 200 calories per poptart? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The pastry part of a poptart is the same for all varieties. It's quite dense with calories from starch, fat holding it together, and small amounts of protein. The frosting is just made of sugar. It may have a different color but the frosting tastes the same. The only variation is in the filling. Even then, the filling ... | Chemistry |
Why have newspaper comics gotten so abysmal these days? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Several factors are at play. First, you're older, so you've developed a taste. You might recall loving Garfield as a kid, but now you read recent strips and it's dull and bland. But if you went back and read strips that were published when you were a child, you would find them equally dull. Second, the authors change o... | Other |
If exercise is so good for us, why do we not feel motivated before we commit to doing it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You ever wonder what Willy-Coyote would do the day after he catches Road Runner? He has spent decades, his whole existence, building elaborate traps and now the reason for doing it is gone. You think he might build traps (or design them) for old times sake? That is you. We won the evolution game. For our whole existenc... | Biology |
Why do some stars that are from afar twinkle the colors red, blue, white and yellow at the same time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's called scintillation. It's caused by moving bodies of air in our atmosphere. Different densities of air refract light differently, so different wavelengths of light take different pathways so may or may not reach your eye different times. Because a star is a single point source of light the result is that you get ... | Chemistry |
What determines the value of currency? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you simplify it to an extreme, then yes, there is no value in currency, because the economy would break down under those circumstances. E.g., if one persons had all the currency, that currency would break down because everyone else would go "fuck that" and just barter and/or create their own currency. If bread was t... | Economics |
Why does water get in clothes so easily but is hard to get out completely? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water, liquid water, is inherently sticky. The way it sticks to things is something like the static electricity effect you get when you rub an inflated rubber balloon on cloth, and stick it to the wall. The reason is that water is V shaped - one Oxygen atom has two Hydrogen atoms stuck to it at an angle. The Oxygen is ... | Other |
how can there be 3 tonnes of CO2 in every tonne of fuel? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Fuel is generally a string of carbon atoms with two hydrogen atoms attached to each one. To make it into CO2 and heat you have to mix it with oxygen. So CH2 + 3O - > CO2 + H2O. Carbon weighs 12 units, hydrogen weighs about 1 unit and oxygen weighs 16 units. So from the above formula we can see that 14 units of fuel and... | Chemistry |
If I have absolute proof that a man commited a crime, but I aquired it illegally and it is inadmissable in court. Does the criminal go free? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If the evidence cannot be presented in trial then the criminal would go free. That's why cops are taught to be meticulous in their evidence gathering. One slip up or mistake can cause a case to be thrown out. It's a good thing and bad thing because it does hold law enforcement to some accountability but it also means a... | Other |
why adobe flash is no longer being used? For that matter what does it even do ?? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | TLDR: Flash is full of security holes and there are better ways to do what Flash does these days. Flash was invented in 1996 during an earlier era of the internet when browsers were much more limited. Adobe Flash allowed for video playback, interactive components of websites, and flash based animations that were revolu... | Technology |
Why September, October, November, December are 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th months of the year when in Greek (on which I guess it's based) it is more like Septa = 7, Octo = 8, Nona = 9, Deca = 10? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Roman Calendar had the New Year starting in March and went like this: * Martius (March) * Aprilus (April) * Maius (May) * Iunius (June) * Quintilis * Sextilis * September * October * November * December At some point January (Ianuarius) and February (Februarius) were added, but different versions have them placed i... | Other |
how does one absorb vitamin D from the sun’s radiation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your skin has a chemical called 7-dehydrocholesterol. It’s also called PROvitamin D3. When this chemical is exposed to sunlight, it absorbs ultraviolet B radiation and changes to PREvitamin D3. Then enzymes (basically, the machinery of cells) take over and complete the conversion to vitamin D. So your body isn’t absorb... | Biology |
What are the weird electric surge/sensations that happen right before you're about to fall asleep? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's called a hypnic jerk. The best explanation found so far is that it is a holdover from our primitive ancestors, before our more monkey like ancestors left the trees. As you fall asleep, your muscles relax and higher order thinking processes slow. Your more primitive processes feel your relaxation and make you jerk ... | Biology |
What are the possible repercussions of the DOJ's antitrust filing against Google? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If it went through, alphabet (google) would have to split it's businesses to some degree. It would depend on how much and in what way it would be enforced. For example they may say the marketing, video(youtube), and other services would need to be seperate and be seperate companies or they may just force the marketing ... | Other |
how do long cars such as limousines get towed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You are allowed to exceed the legal length for emergencies. So a tow truck can tow long vehicles to get them out of the road and into the closest workshop. Care must be taken though as the turning radius will suffer. Usually it in enough to just plan the route a bit better and if you need to turn at an intersection it ... | Other |
What do scientists mean when they talk about the heat death of the universe? Neither energy nor mass can be destroyed, right? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you search "heat death" on this sub you'll get dozens of responses. But I dug this up from my favorite explanation... Which has since been deleted. "Imagine you had a room, from which nothing can escape — no energy, no matter, no heat, no information, no nothing. In this room you have a few appliances... matches, a ... | Physics |
how are molecules and atoms studied? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of discoveries are made using very very clever experiments. Take the nuclei of the atom, how do we know it is there if we can never see it? we can take a small sample, and place it in the centre of a ring of detectors and fire particles at it. If the atom is a blob of protons/electrons (plum pudding model) then w... | Chemistry |
Why was the second wave of the Spanish Flu so much deadlier than the first? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We do not know. One theory is that it was due to a mutation of the flu making it more deadly. It is also possible that the reporting on the number of dead was wrong. First wave hit when soldiers were moving to the front and nobody knew about the flu, second wave hit when soldiers were going home and everyone were looki... | Biology |
Could there have been a massacre in Bowling Green that was covered up for geopolitical reasons? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | no. We live a world security cameras, smart phone cameras and 24 hours news from CNN, Fox, Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, etc. If there were a shooting there would be evidence of it on some platform. Also, if it did happen, do you think the news channels would give up the chance to get the viewers from such a massacre? Ab... | Other |
Why does 5ghz Wi-Fi penetrate less than 2.4ghz? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two different factors at play here. Both are very important and could easily be compared to am\fm radio. It's about wavelength. In the case of 2.4 vs 5 gig Hz it's more than twice the wavelength difference. How does wavelength impact the way the energy travels? 1 the lower the wavelength the farther the energ... | Technology |
What are the differences between the new AMD processors and the more established Intel processors, and does one truly offer a real benefit over the other? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | AMD makes their own chips from scratch which are compatible with Intel's x86 chips. (hell, AMD invented the 64 bit x86 instruction set). They don't fit into motherboards for Intel chips, but that's expected and okay. They still run Windows, Chrome, and Steam video games so to most users it doesn't really matter what th... | Technology |
Why is a 4g connection almost useless now when a few years ago it was perfectly fine for streaming audio and video? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When 4G was "cool" there were very few users. Now there are lots, far too many, and LTE seeks to move traffic out of 4G except for edge areas with poor access. Alas, when you're there, everybody in the area is 4G and data users are much, much more common. So, yes, it is un-excellent. | Technology |
- Asking honestly, why is having to show ID to vote voter supression? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A few examples of the most hurtful and targeted effects: * Lisa lives in a state where a photo ID costs $35, but doesn't have it. The "poor vote" is suppressed. * Sam lives in a rural area and has money, but the nearest DMV is an hour away. The rural vote is suppressed. * Joe lives in a small county where the DMV is ha... | Other |
How exactly does computer encryption actually work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Really complicated math. It's hard to ELI5, but I'll try. You know that simple caesar cypher, that hides a message by shifting each letter one over in the alphabet? So HELLO becomes IFMMP? Computer encryption is really just that, except on a much higher and more complex mathematical level. It mainly relies on the princ... | Other |
How do batteries work and how do they run out of juice? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In a battery, a chemical reaction takes place that puts electrons on one electrode and sucks them out of the other one. When too many electrons pile up on one side or are missing from the other, the repulsion of electrons to electrons and protons to protons stops the reaction. This is the state of a charged battery tha... | Technology |
What is a ground in terms of electricity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Everything in nature, including electricity takes the easiest path to get from point A to point B. Normally electricity is contained within hot and neutral wires. However when something goes wrong, the electricity can escape this natural path, and has to go somewhere. The ground wire makes it more likely that the elect... | Physics |
Why does the United States import fruits and vegetables from other countries? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because our consumers expect a wide variety of fruits and vegetables year round, and the only way to have fresh produce of all varieties year round is to buy them from the countries where they can grow year round. Also some countries are cheaper to buy from than others, labor, land, and supplies cost way more in the US... | Economics |
Why does the Earth rotate about its own axis? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ultimately, the Earth got its rotational momentum from the movement of the giant gas cloud as it collapsed to form the solar nebula. Debris which formed in the nebula may well have imparted momentum to the Earth, but such rocks and planetesimals all had their respective momentums from the collapse of the gas cloud too.... | Earth Science |
What would happen to a lawyer if they defended somebody that they knew was guilty of the crime? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They'd have done their job. That is what they are *supposed* to do. They're not allowed to lie in court of course, but they can absolutely defend their client even though the client is actually guilty. They can present mitigating circumstances, they can argue for acquittal due to various technicalities (if the prosecut... | Economics |
Why are diamonds see through? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > I learned that glass is only see through because its somewhat liquid. This is not correct. First, [glass isn't actually a liquid]( URL_0 ), and second, plenty of solids are transparent. Lots of plastics and minerals are transparent despite being solids. Heck, you can even manufacture [transparent aluminum]( URL_1 )! ... | Chemistry |
how does keeping the AC on continuously during the summer save money? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn't. Here's a [debtroundup]( URL_1 ) article that I'll quote from, their answers come from an HVAC tech: > The myth: Leaving your air conditioner on all day will help save money in the long run by not having to kick start it each and every time you turn it back on. > The truth: Absolutely false. > By keeping you... | Technology |
why is acid rain not on the environmental radar anymore? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Acid rain comes from Sulfur Dioxide emitted into the air, it mixes with the water and turns into sulfuric acid in the rain. Reducing the amount of sulfur dioxide emitted will reduce the acidity of the rain Sulfur dioxide mainly comes from dirty fuels like coal, bunker fuel on ships, and general oil power plants while n... | Chemistry |
. How are surgeons able to perform such long surgeries without getting sloppy as they get tired? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Extreme conditioning and practice. There’s also the value of the work itself, in that if you’re operating on a heart your attention will be hyper focused as you know one mistake can mean death. There’s a reason doctors and surgeons go through years and years of schooling after their bachelors to become doctors. | Other |
How do painkillers work? How can they target the pain/area? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends on the drug. It can be hard to say exactly, because we're still figuring out a lot of the details of pain. In general it's a signal being passed along by neurons, so the key is to decrease/interrupt that signal. NSAIDs like aspirin or ibuprofen inhibit an enzyme that makes pro-inflammatory signals, reducing inf... | Biology |
Why did Queen Elizabeth agree to suspend parliament? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's 2. The Queen's involvement with Parliament is almost entirely symbolic, and she is expected to approve whatever decisions they make. Should the Queen actually do otherwise, it'd be a major political upheaval. While "If things get bad, the Queen can override you" is a possibility, it's effectively the nuclear optio... | Economics |
How does our imagination work ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The part of your brain that thinks that is is *you,* is more like a CEO of a company. A lot of the things that *you* decide to do feel like a single choice but are in fact a series of incredibly complex actions. Take throwing a ball. If you are practiced in throwing a baseball then the conscious decision to pick a targ... | Other |
Can someone explain me the concept of gravity assist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A comet doesn't really use gravity assist, it orbits the Sun. A space probe can use gravity assist by approaching a planet at high speed from behind (remember the planets are moving) and allowing the planet's gravity to pull it forward. Now by the time it passes near the planet it's going super fast — way too fast to g... | Physics |
Why does a door of a room close easier and faster, when a window of that room is opened? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Air pressure. When you close a door, you are forcing air into the room (think of the door as a giant fan, or sail) with the windows closed, that air has less of a place to go, so it's harder to close the door, since that air is "pushing back". With the window open, the air just does out the window. | Physics |
Why can’t recycling facilities wash out the recyclable containers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Recycling facilities need to deal with incoming waste that isn't properly sorted. Ask the general public to give you glass bottles and you will get banana peels and used diapers in there as well because a significant portion of people are just terrible. So they need to be sorted, and there isn't one magic machine or co... | Technology |
I just got my first job, how the frick do taxes work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well let’s say you make 14 cookies an hour. They all go into a cookie jar that only lets you eat some of them. If you’re in California the cookie jar will take 25% of your cookies between state and federal. Now you have 11.5 cookies instead of 14 that you make an hour. At FedEx you will be on a W2. When you fill out yo... | Other |
How was experimental CGI rendered before the mid-eighties? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Those images were animated one frame at a time in a supercomputer at LLNL. Computers in 1980's were capable of working in 3D, just not in real time (I was at SIGGraph in 1980). Essentially you figured out each voxel (3D pixel) and color coded it. Then you rendered the 3D space to 2D with a camera algorithm. You printed... | Technology |
Why do trailers come before the feature? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A long time ago, you would just buy a ticket to enter the theater and watch whatever was playing. There weren’t set showtimes so you could just walk in, possibly halfway through a film. After the film, they would feature newsreels, cartoons, and previews for other films (trailers!) before the feature would start over (... | Other |
Why do power outlets/plugs/strips make a high pitched whining sound? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The charger uses much higher frequencies than 60 Hz. Typically several kHz which is the high frequency whine you hear. It will vary with load on the charger and manufacturer of the charger. The sound may be created by the coil/inductor vibrating by magnetic effects or by piezoelectric/microphonic effects in ceramic cap... | Physics |
Wikipedia states the Neowise comet has a 4400 year "inbound" period and a 6700 year "outbound" period. How can a body have two orbital periods? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When the period change it's because of an interaction with a planet, usually Jupiter, while passing through the solar system. Since the comet is in a highly elliptic orbit it doesn't take much to change the period. A small kick close to the sun makes a huge difference. The closer the comet is to the sun the higher the ... | Physics |
Since we will eventually hit a wall of reducing the size of transistors on a computer processor, what else can we do to improve its performance? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a bunch of technologies that will continue to push performance forward for a while: * [Asynchronous logic]( URL_5 ). You know how CPUs are clocked, e.g., 3 GHz (3 billion cycles/second)? Using a clock makes it much easier to synchronize and schedule the work the processor is doing. Unfortunately, the clock it... | Technology |
How do animal claws start fat at the base and grow pointy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They are getring used up, meaning theyll get pointy. in the case of a dog, they usually get pointy by the dog just walking, In the case of cats (and I assume many other animals too) the claws grow frome inside out, at the same time as as from back to front. Thats why a cat needs something to claw at, to remove the outm... | Biology |
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