question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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why is water the only liquid the expands when it freezes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water Molecules form little hexagons when they make ice crystals, this is due to the hydrogen bonds that are created on a more long term basis when it freezes. This hexagonal crystal structure is takes up more space than the free-moving liquid, and that's why water expands when it freezes. Other materials that exhibit ... | Chemistry |
How do companies that make free products like web browsers and linux version stay afloat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some of them are open source projects meaning the contributors write them as research projects in their free time. They can use them in their CVs later. Surprisingly, these apps are very useable and stable. Ex.: Linux distributions. There are products with the companies would like to chain users to the other products o... | Economics |
Why do fast moving laser pointers appear as if they are leaving a trail, and flashlights don't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When looking at a projection of a laser light, the sensing parts of your eyes will have a couple of overloaded sensors (which take a while to stop being overloaded), that is why it looks like they are leaving a trail. The visible light of a laser is a high-intensity point on a surface. Compared with that, the visible l... | Physics |
How do hotels decide what rooms to put guests in? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Kinda random kinda not. Depends on the software, if the software exists, and the mood of the person handing out assignments. Generally speaking, they'll honor requests if you bother to ask. Some hate being so far from the elevators, others don't like the noise a central location like that has and will complain. If they... | Other |
How do allergy shots (which contain allergens) stop the allergies, but you would still be allergic to those allergens, despite being exposed to them for years naturally? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s less about immunity and more about desensitization. Immunity from my understanding is creating something in your body to protect you, like creating antibodies. Immunotherapy doesn’t create anything. It’s not creating antibodies. It’s just desensitizing you. Allergens in nature are large enough to easily trigger yo... | Biology |
Each car has its own key. Why can't that same car key unlock other cars of the same brand and model? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because the keyless entry device sends a code that the car is configured to accept. Typically a second code (double click) is also configured to unlock every door, and not just the driver's. Obviously, designing them so that they all sent the same code and could unlock any car would generally be unpopular. | Technology |
In the USA, how are presidential travel and security budgeted? Where does the money come from, and where does it go? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Other details that aren't wages involve logistics for support personnel, I.e rental cars, hotels, per diems, etc. Naturally they need to go out ahead of time to secure the area as well as during. Judicial Watch have posted specific details of travel line items (obtained thru FOIA lawsuits) but many line items are redac... | Economics |
What's the process that makes food or any type of consumable spoil, and how does this differ from aging/fermenting stuff like cheese or liquor? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's two major reasons why food spoils: 1. Biological processes - Bacteria, fungi, mold, insects and other living things find the food, and start eating it and reproducing. Many of these things produce waste that is poisonous to people. 2. Chemical processes - Chemicals within the food react with each other and crea... | Chemistry |
If I'm transferring data from one folder to another in the same SSD, how come the data transfer speed is still so much lower than advertised or tested? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First of all, are you *moving* the data or *copying* the data? **Moving** the data on the same drive does not actually *move* the information on the physical drive. The OS merely changes the pointer to that data to make it appear in a different location within your filesystem. In other words, the data will still be sto... | Technology |
If you have good credit, and pay your bills off every month, how do credit card companies make money off you? Wouldn't they prefer customers with bad credit? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They prefer low risk, which is what a good credit score indicates, and they still make money even if you pay all your bills in full. Every time you use your card, the merchant has to pay a fee. A portion goes to the network (Visa, etc.), though the biggest share goes to the issuing bank. As long as you keep using your ... | Economics |
When a country falls to a rival power, is there a currency transfer? How does it work and how long does it take? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is actually an exceptionally difficult question to answer. In the event of an armed takeover, the winner can set whatever terms they want, and the loser can suck it. In the event of a peaceful transition of power, what happens to the money (or at least *should*) be set forth in the agreement that led to the transi... | Economics |
how do "big" numbers work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You don't "discover" any random big number. Numbers are infinite, you can always add 1 and get a bigger number. You haven't "discovered" anything, mathematicians figured all that stuff out a long time ago. What makes Graham's Number odd, and other numbers, like it, is that they have particular meanings. They're the ans... | Mathematics |
Why are some body parts such as the nose made out of cartilage, and not bones? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cartilage and bone both provide structure, but where bone provides load bearing strength and body cavity protection (thorax and cranium) necessitating hardness, cartilage is better suited to provide support to moving parts (ie connections between the ribs and the sternum) and is easier to repair than bone so is better ... | Biology |
Why do new cars show up so early? 2019 models are being shown and it's not 2019 yet. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Marketing technique. It's so you can sell a car that was actually build and produced in 2018 to people in late 2019 for it to seem still brand new. Even though that 2019 car was already finished and being sold in October (for example), it will seem nice that you're getting a 2019 in 2019. Essentially all 2019 cars are ... | Other |
What makes Poker more than a game of luck? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This reminds me of a[ scene from Star Trek: TNG where Data, an android plays poker for the first time]( URL_0 ). Essentially, he believes he should be able to win at poker by breaking it down simply into its mathematical components. Basically, playing statistics. What he didn't account for is the act of bluffing, and h... | Mathematics |
How do noise cancelling headphones work ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A sound wave is the compression and decompression of the air around you at certain frequencies. Noise cancellation works by detecting this and decompressing the compressed air or compressing the decompressed air so that your ear drums aren't feeling the effect of outside noise and the pressure changes around your ear a... | Technology |
Why does Iron Man’s armor in movies look faker than it did a decade ago? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because it’s supposed to be hyper-futuristic these days. When the iron man series started in the mcu, it was meant to look more current and semi-possible. For example, in the first movie he slows down with air breaks, large broad surfaces that are meant to create drag. But now he does it with micro thrusters. | Technology |
How would an interplanetary civilization measure time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If they have FTL travel without timey-wimey effects, they'd probably use the standard time on the home planet. If multi-racial, they would probably decide which species' system is used through war or diplomacy. If their FTL travel DOES come with time dilation, then they would probably not be traveling to and from frequ... | Physics |
Why do we tend to "like" negative news/information more than positive one? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Positive things happening are far more common, so people think they're boring. Once you've seen an airplane land, then you feel like you've seen a million. So a headline that says "100000 AIRPLANES LAND SAFELY TODAY: Skilled pilots brave varied weather conditions and irritated passengers!" doesn't sound very interestin... | Other |
Why does singing tend to neutralise people’s accents? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A huge part of accents is vowel colors. But there is a limited set of vowel sounds that sound nice to us when sustained, or perhaps a better way to put it is singers are trained to utilize a subset of possible vowel colors that produce the most sonorous sustained tones. Vowels tend to get opened up from tight “eeeee” s... | Biology |
What is the difference between horsepower and torque? Which one is better to have more of? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Torque is a vectored rotational force measured in lb-ft. Horsepower is the rate at which work is performed at a given rpm, measured in (lb-ft)/sec. So, the two are intertwined. A good way to think about it is that torque is how hard the engine can spin the wheels and horsepower is a measurement of how well the engine c... | Physics |
Why does our vision improve when we squint? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Nearsighted and farsighted people have opposites sides of the same shit-vision coin. Their lenses refract light either before or behind their retinas, respectively. But in both cases, which light is refracted the least? The light in the centre of our vision! By squinting, what you're effectively doing is removing the l... | Physics |
When it comes to classical music, when do copyright laws come into play when a current composer wants to play a classical song at his next concert or his whatever show he is composing for? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Music in the public domain, out of copyright, can be played without permission or paying. But the performers can copyright their performance and they do. There are organizations, ASCAP, BMI and others which enforce the laws in regard to their members. Any public performance in an area which produces a profit for someon... | Other |
What does the saying "physics breaks down" when talking about something really confusing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Modern physics is just our best guess at how the universe works. Our equations, our understanding, all of it is *mostly* right, but not all of it is 100% correct - especially when talking about exotic situations or things at the cutting edge of physics research. When trying to predict what happens under certain conditi... | Physics |
- How do people/computers calculate further digits of pi? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Historically, people used the following methods: 1) Measuring 2) Calculating the areas of many-sided polygons, using them as an approximation to a circle 3) Using a number of different formulas that expressed pi as an infinite sum or product, and just kept adding additional terms; for example, the [Leibniz formula]( UR... | Mathematics |
Why is 3D filament cheaper than 2D ink? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You're not paying for the ink. You're paying for the cartridge. It's the electronics on the cartridge that stop the printer from using other brands. Filament has no cartridge, no electronics. More over, 3d printers are not sold at a loss to try to recoup in supply sales. They don't try to lock the consumer to their bra... | Economics |
If I have absolute proof that a man commited a crime, but I aquired it illegally and it is inadmissable in court. Does the criminal go free? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If the evidence cannot be presented in trial then the criminal would go free. That's why cops are taught to be meticulous in their evidence gathering. One slip up or mistake can cause a case to be thrown out. It's a good thing and bad thing because it does hold law enforcement to some accountability but it also means a... | Other |
How does Cast Iron Make Chicken Skin So Crispy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Assuming you are letting the pan come up to temperature, cast iron retains its heat better, and distributes the heat more evenly than other materials. This allows for more even cooking and subsequently, more of that heat to brown the chicken skin. This is in contrast to you putting raw meat on a pan and then the temper... | Physics |
Why are penises one of the most veiny parts of the human body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, it's mostly flesh, tissue, muscle and tendon. The tissue is a special sponge type tissue which fills with blood to make it hard. The veins are on the surface basically to make sure that rest of the organ can have enough room for that tissue throughout to do it's purpose. | Biology |
What exactly is radiation, and how does it work? Can it cause mutation, and why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Radiation can technically be any form of matter or energy that leaves an object travelling in a straight line. The most common form is electromagnetic radiation, also called light, which has different qualities based on its energy/wavelength. Radio waves, visible light, and x-rays are all the same "stuff", just at diff... | Physics |
If the sun is hot why is space cold ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's basically nothing *in* space to be hot or cold. What's actually "cold" about space is the fact that the ambient temperature comes from what's called the "cosmic microwave background." It's the energy left over from the Big Bang. Since that happened so long ago, the temp is close to absolute zero. The reason tha... | Earth Science |
How is the amount of stars in a galaxy approximated? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Same as anything else. You take a count of a sample area (say 100 cubic light years) and extrapolate an average across the entire galactic area, making adjustments for density changes (more stars near the center and fewer near the edges). If you have a gradient you can transpose the average onto that gradient (so for e... | Physics |
What happens when bright lights are shone in our eyes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your eyes see using special cells in them, either cones or rods (the cone cells are sensitive to different wavelengths - *basically* different colors, but need more light to activate; rods will activate with *any* kind of light in the visible spectrum, which means they can't detect which color you see). Those cells wor... | Biology |
Why is San Diego's $1.50 minimum wage increase causing fewer restaurant jobs to be created? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I spent a decade working in and running a franchise restaurant. Hourly Labor costs for ONLY hourly employees averaged 25% of revenues, Food cost ran 20-25% depending on the menu make up. Thats 50% of revenue gone to easily tangible costs. Then start factoring in Franchise fees, building lease, management salaries, util... | Economics |
Why do small scale aircraft, such as hobbyist drones, change the rpm of a motor to change the thrust while large scal aircraft, such as chinook helicopters, adjust the pitch of their blades? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As /u/PhyterNL and /u/Hobadee point out, exactly right, is modern turbine engines are designed to work most efficiently at certain RPM ranges. The turbines in most modern helicopters, once they're up to "speed" will stay there... the blades are always spinning at the same speed, the engine is putting out the same torqu... | Physics |
Why are some diseases less dangerous for children? (e.g.: Measles) Don’t adults have stronger immune systems? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Biologist here! We aren't 100% sure! We have a solid theory it has to do with how adults immune systems work compared to kids. See, kids immune systems are still learning, so they have a higher number of phagocytes, big cells that eat invaders to learn how to fight them later. Adults have more antibodies, cells that at... | Biology |
How do we have the equipment to picture and see cosmos and stars millions of light years away, but can’t just zoom-in to examine and view the surfaces of our interplanetary planets in the solar system? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's a limit to how far you can "zoom in" on something to picture it. The maximum resolution is restricted by the wavelength of light used to capture the image. You can compensate by using a larger lens, but even the largest telescopes in the world aren't anywhere near being large enough to have anything close to hi... | Physics |
What happens when you "crack" your neck? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | gas releasing from inbetween your joints. it takes a while for it to refill its area so you can't (shouldn't...) be able to click the same bone several times. i know it kinda sounds stupid but it really is just from a gas bubble popping. things inside of a 100-200lbs meatbag will tend to sound different. | Biology |
How do you go from a country that drives on the left side of the road to one that drives on the right? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are surprisingly few land borders on Earth where right-hand-drive countries meet left-hand-drive ones. Most of the remaining major drive-on-the-left countries (Britain, Japan, Australia) are islands, so the border problem doesn’t really come up. Other major exceptions (southeast Africa, the nations that were once... | Other |
How is there an average of 12:06 hours of sunlight at the equator? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Quito is at a very high altitude. As a result the angle from sea level to the East to sea level to the west is more than 180˚. You see this effect at sunset. On the ground, you've seen the Sun set, but if you look up at the bottoms of the clouds, they are still lit. It takes a few minutes for them to be out of direct s... | Earth Science |
how do businesses on dragons den/ shark tank value themselves? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are lots of different ways to value a business, which is why you so often hear the dragons say that someone's valuation is ridiculous; they've come to that valuation based on bad methods or bad data. Usually, the valuation rests on how much money the business is predicted to bring in over a given period of time. ... | Mathematics |
How does having more mass equal more gravity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is kind of a minor nitpick, but strictly speaking, gravity is an absolute constant. The force of gravity exerted by an object increases when its mass increases. It may be helpful to think of the world like the surface of a trampoline. If you set a bowling ball down on the trampoline, it deforms the fabric downward... | Physics |
Why do animal brains tend to operate far more efficiently than even the best computers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What makes you think they are less efficient? Computers are vastly more efficient than brains, at some tasks. Running a modern game requires billions of floating point calculations per second. Even if you drafted the entire population of the planet you couldn't get that kind of throughput. We win at other tasks like pa... | Technology |
Neutrinos, what are they and why is this discovery so significant? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Neutrinos are tiny (and I mean *really* tiny), electrically neutral elementary particles that are unusual because they almost never interact with normal matter and they're extremely hard to detect. 100 trillion neutrinos emitted from the sun pass through our bodies every second. Over the course an average human lifespa... | Physics |
What is the purpose of having many cryptocurrencies? Who benefits and why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mostly the vast majority of coins right now are gaining value on hype, marketing, and illusions of lambos. They will fall away and dissolve. We call them shitcoins. However there are many coins attacking real problems. IOTA is bridging the eventual future of machine 2 machine economy. Creating a coin that can transfer ... | Technology |
What prevents drip coffee makers from brewing coffee as well as a pour over? What is it about manually pouring the hot water over the grinds that makes it taste better? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One big aspect of making good coffee (other than the beans and roast) is the relationship between the grind (coarse/fine) and extraction time. (plus water quality and temperature etc etc) An average drip coffee maker (with a large filter and large amount of coffee) will take many minutes to make the coffee where a lot ... | Chemistry |
are violas, cellos, and double basses just BIG violins? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Violins and violas are pretty much the same in different sizes. The cello has the endpin in addition, but is otherwise (to my knowledge) pretty much the same, of course bigger again. Historically, all of them evolved from the "viola da braccio" ("arm viola", as opposed to the "leg viola", viola da gamba), so it would b... | Other |
What makes the Swiss banking system a safe haven for criminals and multi-millionaires? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Swiss take privacy extremely seriously. You have to be involved in a very serious crime before the Swiss banks even acknowledge your account’s existence to any government. Add in the extra layer that the US government would have to go thru the Swiss government and its even more secure. Swiss accounts have fallen ou... | Economics |
If concussions are primarily caused by the brain hitting the skull, how could any technology prevent that from happening? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The brain hits the skull because the skull stops too fast. They are suggesting a helmet design that Absorbs the impact, allowing the skull to stop at a slower rate. Think crumple zones in cars. The front stops abruptly when it hits an object. If the car was rigid, then the entire car all stops at the same rate. But if ... | Physics |
what exactly is the golden ratio/ fibonacci number, and does it have any practical applications? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There a number of ways to arrive at the golden ratio. For example, take a line of length *c*: \---------- And divide it into two lines: \------ | \---- Where the left has length *a* and the right has length *b*. If the equation *c* / *a* = *a* / *b* is true, then those fractions will both be the golden ratio (1.618033.... | Mathematics |
the Golden Ratio / Fibonacci sequence. Are the "natural" patterns associated with this number simply selection bias or is the universe somehow guided / structured around them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The golden ratio is largely a myth and doesn't exist naturally as often as some people claim it does. It is an example of confirmation bias. People WANT to see the golden ratio and they end up finding it wherever they look even when it doesn't fit. Almost all claims of the golden ratio disolve away when you actually do... | Mathematics |
Why can water heated in a microwave become super-heated and not boil? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Only very pure water can do that, like water that's been distilled or put through an RO filter. Boiling requires nucleation sites, which are impurities in the water or some kind of surface area that allow bubbles of steam to form. Once those initial bubbles form, they become nucleation sites for more bubbles. The surfa... | Chemistry |
Why do some appliances/devices require 6 AA batteries instead of 2 C batteries? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | AA, AAA, C, and D batteries all have the same voltage (1.5 V) but have different amounts of total charge and different maximum current. If you use 6 AA batteries in series you can get 9 volts but with more charge than a single 9V battery. With 6 AA batteries in parallel you can likely provide more current than 2 C batt... | Technology |
What do we know about the effects of long exposure of the human body to high gravity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Nothing. The highest gravity setting we have is 1G. We have studies on less than 1G. But we would have to go to jupiter or any planet with a higher gravity field to get long term studies. Being in a cockpit and pulling 4Gs isn't the same. It last just mere seconds. | Biology |
how does hacking in real life work? How exaggerated are hackings in movies compared to real life? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hacking in real life is starting a script to run a bunch of attacks, and then reading the paper waiting for the computer to "Bing". Then it's snooping around in the machine you've hacked, to see if there is anything you can sell there. Usually not, so it's on the the next computer, and the sports page. It's totally exa... | Technology |
What is the definition of technocratic? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Technocratic systems are based on decision-making by experts/specialists, and the increasing specialization of decision-making apparatus. I forget the title, but there was a paper on judicial politics published some time back that explored the technocratization of the court system in the US. Since judges are a limited ... | Economics |
how come that eulers number appears so often in physical contexts? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Euler's number arises from a special case of [the formula for compound interest]( URL_0 ). In compounding interest, a sum of money called the principle gains interest over time with a given annual interest rate. The interest can be compounded yearly, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly, etc. at periodic, discreet intervals.... | Physics |
How do search engines work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They keep a giant database of every webpage on the Internet, by using a program called a crawler that goes on every website and follows every link on that website, and eventually you have a pretty complete database. Then when you run a search for a key word, they search their database for websites that they have cached... | Technology |
When you come inside from it being bright outside it’s very hard to see inside the room? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your pupil (the black part of your eye) is a hole through which light passes until it hits the back of your eye, where the image is detected. The pupil expands and contracts to let more or less light into your eye to see properly, but it doesn't happen instantly. It's very much like controlling the exposure level on an... | Biology |
What is happening to your throat when you lose your voice from screaming too much? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Our vocal cords that are in our throat get irritated from overuse because screaming is much harsher on them than talking, just like they can get sore from a cold or too much smoking. They get swollen. A little swollen and they don't move properly, so your voice is husky, very swollen and they stop moving altogether so ... | Biology |
How are earbuds and headphones able to make music / audio sound like its coming from inside your head? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So you have two ears, right? And sound is actually pretty slow, you can see it when someone claps on the other side of a road and you hear it only a moment later. So what your ears do is they check if a sound comes to one ear earlier than the other. That happens completely subconscious. The ear that hears the sound fir... | Technology |
Why can you not see through fog when it's ahead of you but you can once you're in it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You have a bunch of particles in the fog blocking your vision. Let’s say there are particles directly in front of you blocking ten percent of your field of view and they’re evenly distributed as small bits in the air. And then another. And five feet away, there’s some more particles blocking another ten percent of your... | Physics |
How can young children become traumatized by something they don't understand? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Fear, and subsequently, anxiety and mental trauma can be the result of an experience that feels so alien to what we normally experience. The lack of an adrenaline rush and positive reinforcement can cause the mind to try to find answers. If no good answer is provided, than our primal instincts tell us that it was somet... | Other |
why does the photo of the dude in front of a tank get taken down so much? What does it mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Tiananmen Square protests were student-led demonstrations calling for democracy, free speech and a free press in China. They were halted in a bloody crackdown, known as the Tiananmen Square Massacre, by the Chinese government on June 4 and 5, 1989. It gets taken down a lot because it makes China look bad and guess ... | Other |
Why does the reflection of my car in a car that’s in front of me sometimes appear upside down and sometimes not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends if the reflecting surface is convex (curved out towards you) or concave (curved out away from you). Look at your face reflecting in both sides of a spoon for another example. You can imagine that light traveling from the top of your car is reflected downwards, in the concave case, and will be perceived at th... | Physics |
What is source of gravity and why it pulls things to itself? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > why it pulls things to itself? **So the short answer is**...*it's simply one of the intrinsic properties of our universe as defined after the event that we label the Big Bang*. But if you're interested further, [I strongly recommend watching this video from 2010]( URL_0 ). In it an interviewer asks former theoretical... | Physics |
If my needed calories to maintain my weight is 2,500, but I am in a calorie deficit of 1,000 calories per day which after a 7 day week is 7,000, I am automatically losing 2lb per week right? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes...provided a few things. Your actual maintenance caloric needs are at best a rough estimate (unless you've paid mega-bucks for some serious lab work and testing or you've religiously documented your diet and physical activity for a looooong period of time. Also, your caloric expenditures from exercise...same story.... | Biology |
Why are so many intelligent, gifted individuals so frequently unable to find happiness for themselves? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The saying is "Ignorance is bliss" so the less intelligent you are, the less stressful your life is in a sort. You don't have to worry about a lot of responsibilities and issues(even if its your job to, you simply don't as you're inferior in intelligence and cannot comprehend the need to worry about them) Edit: this wa... | Other |
How come after biting/peeling skin off of your fingers, your finger prints still remain? Even after years of skin biting? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The epidermis is the upper layer of your skin, with the dermis underlying it. The ridges that make up your fingerprint arise from dermal papillae, little protrusions of the dermis into the epidermis. While these remain the same, then the overlaying epidermis will grow with the same pattern. So if you damage the epiderm... | Biology |
Who decides which federal judge hears landmark cases? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Why was it a judge from Texas this time, as opposed to a judge from DC, NY, etc? This is determined where the suit is filed. In this case, the Obamacare suit was filed in Texas. There's a strategic reason for doing so: Texas is situated in the Fifth Circuit, which is widely considered to be one of the most, if not th... | Other |
how can electrons just be ok on their own and fly around? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In certain substances, particularly metals, some of the electrons become community property, freely shared between atoms. These atoms are free to flow through the metal and are the reason metals tend to be good at conducting electricity. These electrons can be stripped away from the metal to perform the experiments you... | Chemistry |
What's the relationship between the distance has rolled down a slope and its speed or acceleration? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is no relationship between distance rolled and acceleration. Assuming no air resistance, acceleration is only a function of the angle of the slope and the friction of the slope. Velocity can be calculated in one of two ways: \-An energy analysis in which you calculate how much potential energy has been converted ... | Physics |
How does cellular data work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The cell tower doesn't know what specific data you want, any more than the post office knows what's inside your mail...it just knows it's got a "packet" addressed to you and it delivers it. Your phone is the one making the requests and processing the receipts. As far as knowing where your phone is, as long as you're co... | Technology |
Why do even the best suction cups eventually fall off of the surface to which they are affixed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The answer is not going to be as interesting as I suspect you might hope. In short, the seal formed by the suction cup is never perfect. The cup itself and the surface to which its attached are not perfectly smooth or clean, so even if it's a very good seal, over time air is going to infiltrate the low-pressure region ... | Physics |
How are stock prices determined? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The reported stock price is the price of the last successful trade of that stock. So, how do people agree to these prices? There are order books (on computers now) of **bids** for a stock from people wanting to buy it and **asks** from people wanting to sell it. If the bid list contains three bids of 100, 90, and 80 fo... | Economics |
how are VISA and MasterCard not the most valuable/largest companies in the world since so many credit card transactions are subject to their fees? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | the fees they collect are licensing fees. they don't process credit cards, they don't issue credit cards, they don't loan people money. all those fees are collected and managed by others. Visa and MC are in the business of marketing their brand. (to some degree they support their brands by developing security systems f... | Economics |
How does the soil layers tell us about different eras. Does the land keep getting higher? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not everywhere. Dust blows in the wind. Plant growth builds up debris. Rockslides come down forming mountains. Rivers move silt downstream. Lots of erosive forces move earth from one place to another. These can bury locations under the ground. An exposed hilltop, on the other hand, may lose surface to erosion. | Other |
What is the difference between credit cards systems in U.S.A and Europe? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People use mostly same cards (Visa, Mastercard) some are unheard of (Diners) Differences: In EU, People favor using Debit cards instead of Credit cards. There is no "credit score" in EU, so people have little motivation to use credit card just to improve credit score. In USA when you pay in restaurant, they take your c... | Economics |
When immigrating, how is your credit established? Do you need to start from scratch or is your credit history transferred with you? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your wealth will transfer with you assuming you can get the money/goods out of the country you are immigrating from, but unless the country you are moving to has some kind of economic deal with your previous one your credit will not transfer and you will have to start over. Now depending on your wealth and job that cou... | Economics |
how do plants survive so long in pots? Doesn't the soil run out of nutrients? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Soil biologist here: Yes, the soil does run out of nutrients eventually. As the plant runs out of room in the pot, and as nutrients start to run out, the plant will simply not grow as much, lowering its energy demand. But the plant still needs some small amount of nutrients to sustain itself, even if it's not actively ... | Earth Science |
When new graphics cards get released for computers, what is different about them from older graphics cards? What gets upgraded to make them more powerful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Generally, this boils down to smaller transistors. For example, the RTX 20 series cards from Nvidia were produced using 12 nm lithography, which means that each transistor was 12 nm wide. For their RTX 30 series cards, 8 nm lithography was used. This allowed Nvidia to pack more transistors into their cards, which means... | Technology |
- Why sites need to know that you're not a robot? What is the point with captchas? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Programmer here. The issue is that there exists things called "browser automation tools" such as Selenium. These allow a programmer, like me, to program in a set of rules that tell the browser how to behave. You can do all kinds of things with these tools, including mass creating accounts on websites, making purchases,... | Technology |
Why does metal react so violently when microwaved? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The way microwaves work is through jiggling charged/polar particles in your food (the water primarily). This jiggling increases their temperature and that heats up the rest of your food. That's why you can't heat oil as easily as you can water. However, metals like iron are *great* conductors of electrons. What makes t... | Technology |
What is the difference between analog and digital computer components? (i.e. VGA vs. HDMI) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In analog voltages take any value between two limits. Eg, if a signal is 0 to 5V, then anything in between is valid. In VGA the range is 0V, which corresponds to complete darkness, to 0.7V which is full brightness. In digital signals you transmit data bit by bit and there's only two valid voltages with some tolerance. ... | Technology |
How do olympic ski jumpers not break their legs upon landing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you hit something it is not only the speed or height that determines how hard the impact is. You also need to look at the relative angle between your velocity and the ground. The most extreme example is motorcycle racers who hit the ground at very high speeds but just skids on the ground until they slow down to a ... | Physics |
Why does water form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and not covalent bonds? Why doesn’t water form hydrogen bonds in a single molecule? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A covalent bond is the result of two atoms sharing electrons to fill each other's valance shell.(hence the term co-valent) It's a bit like how velcro or a jigsaw puzzle fits together. It's a strong bond, not easily broken, but given enough energy it can. Hydrogen bonding is a result of the polarity of water. Basically ... | Chemistry |
How do scientists at the Large Hadron Collider safely create and record temperatures of 5.5 trillion degrees? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Primarily by making it happen to a very very small amount of material. 5.5 Trillion degrees sounds like a lot, but in terms of mass x thermal energy, the sample size at that temperate is so small that if you distributed all the energy there into a bucket of water, it wouldn't boil. The LHC is aiming to create a very sp... | Physics |
How does a game in development for 7 years stay up-to-date with trends, graphics, etc? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends on the development cycle. If they use a static model, they don't keep up with trends, but graphics tend to be fairly mutable. If they use a dynamic agile model, you'll notice elements of the game developed last will have more polish to them. & #x200B; Graphics, so when artists make models they make them stupidl... | Technology |
Before the 2008 recession, Diesel fuel was always cheaper than regular unleaded(87 octane)per gallon. After/during the recession, Diesel appears to climb and average a little below Premium unleaded(97 octane), why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | URL_0 * demand for diesel fuel in other countries remains high. * ULSD is a clean-burning diesel fuel that was gradually phased into the market between 2006 and 2010, replacing on-highway diesel fuel, known as Low Sulfur Diesel. The environmental benefits of ULSD are huge but they bring extra costs. They mentioned taxe... | Economics |
Why is it more likely to have horrifying or mundane hallucinations when a person has a mental illness, than to have pleasurable or positive hallucinations? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When folks have pleasurable hallucinations, they do not seek mental help, they tend to interpret it as a spiritual experience. In modern western secular culture, if you tell people about a pleasurable hallucination, they just ignore and dismiss it as you making stuff up for attention. Pleasant hallucinations are far le... | Other |
how is it all of the sudden it's "toxic" to reheat chicken, eggs, spinach, rice, and mushrooms?? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | its not "all of a sudden". My grandma told the spinach nitrites myth already. Spinach - > nitrates, tiny amounts doesn't matter - > [ URL_2 ]( URL_2 ) (sorry for the tabloid source) Rice - > bacterial growth, just cool it properly and don't leave it out [ URL_1 ]( URL_1 ) Chicken - > Denatured protein stuff only happen... | Chemistry |
Why do many people „Walk“ Pain away? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your body is a machine, your brain make it work and pain is an information. The one goal of your brain is to ensure you survive. To that extent, pain is an important information. If it hurts, something bad is happening. Usually something you either need to wait the end of, or something you need to act against. But what... | Biology |
Where did matter come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the beginning, the universe, well, began. (This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move.) It's not possible for matter to come from non-matter. All the matter and energy that exists today is the same matter and energy that existed at the beginning of time. The universe didn't begin... | Physics |
How come every time I get blood drawn I feel sick, turn white and nearly pass out? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First always insist they draw your blood with you lying down. If they ask why, tell them you're "a fainter". (That'll get 'em off your back.) Second, drink tons of water the night before & day of the draw so your blood pressure will be good and strong. You get lightheaded because gravity pulls your blood down but your ... | Biology |
What does pleading guilty mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you plead "not guilty" then it has to go to a trial which can be lengthy and expensive and one or both sides might reach an outcome they don't want. Your guilt has to be determined by a third party (a jury). Or, you can plead guilty - basically, taking the responsibility for the crime that was committed. When you ha... | Other |
How does a brain pick out what memories are traumatic enough to block out? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When a developing brain is flooded with enough of the neurotransmitters (the chemicals we use to think and feel) most strongly associated with negative emotions like fear, sadness, and pain, it triggers an instinctive reaction to cut off the connections with the memories formed in that section of brain cells. A brain h... | Psychology |
if shampoo strips away oils and conditioner replaces them, why are there shampoo + conditioner in one products? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They don't work as well, but here's how it works: 2-in-1 shampoo/conditioners have silicone (in the form of dimethicone) suspended in a solution that cleans your hair. Also, silicone likes to cling to hair. When you add water, the silicone and the solution separate. The oil in your hair is bound to the shampoo solution... | Chemistry |
How Worthless Was Soviet Union's Ruble? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The problem was that there were no trade between the US and USSR. So in the USSR the Ruble were worth a lot as you could use it on any corner store. However if you had any Ruble in the US they were almost worthless as anyone would accept it as payment and buying things in the USSR and importing them were almost impossi... | Economics |
Are gunshots with hearing protection *still* above the damage level? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I do not have the answert to the gunshot question but you undestanding of dB is not correct > I also understand dB are not cumulative, and that for example, 120 dB is 60-65x louder than a normal conversation and not just 2x as loud. > > If a 9mm produced 160 dB, how can any hearing protection, even the highest, ever mo... | Biology |
What is an "industry plant" in the music industry and why is it a bad thing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A musician who didn't reach popularity organically, but had heavy industry backing from the beginning. There's a lot of pushback in the music community against those kinds of acts. Because being a touring musician is hard work. You have to play a ton of shitty gigs for no money for a really long time and build up your ... | Other |
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