XLRS-Bench-lite

Error code:   DatasetGenerationError
Exception:    ChunkedEncodingError
Message:      ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(24163451 bytes read, 495272993 more expected)', IncompleteRead(24163451 bytes read, 495272993 more expected))
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 779, in _error_catcher
                  yield
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 925, in _raw_read
                  raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
              urllib3.exceptions.IncompleteRead: IncompleteRead(24163451 bytes read, 495272993 more expected)
              
              The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 820, in generate
                  yield from self.raw.stream(chunk_size, decode_content=True)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 1091, in stream
                  data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 1008, in read
                  data = self._raw_read(amt)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 903, in _raw_read
                  with self._error_catcher():
                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/contextlib.py", line 158, in __exit__
                  self.gen.throw(value)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 803, in _error_catcher
                  raise ProtocolError(arg, e) from e
              urllib3.exceptions.ProtocolError: ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(24163451 bytes read, 495272993 more expected)', IncompleteRead(24163451 bytes read, 495272993 more expected))
              
              During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1779, in _prepare_split_single
                  for key, table in generator:
                                    ^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 609, in wrapped
                  for item in generator(*args, **kwargs):
                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/arrow/arrow.py", line 69, in _generate_tables
                  for batch_idx, record_batch in enumerate(batches):
                                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "pyarrow/ipc.pxi", line 703, in pyarrow.lib.RecordBatchReader.__next__
                File "pyarrow/ipc.pxi", line 737, in pyarrow.lib.RecordBatchReader.read_next_batch
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 89, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/utils/file_utils.py", line 844, in read_with_retries
                  out = read(*args, **kwargs)
                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 728, in track_read
                  out = f_read(*args, **kwargs)
                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py", line 1015, in read
                  return super().read(length)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/fsspec/spec.py", line 1846, in read
                  out = self.cache._fetch(self.loc, self.loc + length)
                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/fsspec/caching.py", line 189, in _fetch
                  self.cache = self.fetcher(start, end)  # new block replaces old
                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py", line 969, in _fetch_range
                  r = http_backoff(
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/huggingface_hub/utils/_http.py", line 310, in http_backoff
                  response = session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 589, in request
                  resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 724, in send
                  history = [resp for resp in gen]
                                              ^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 265, in resolve_redirects
                  resp = self.send(
                         ^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 746, in send
                  r.content
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 902, in content
                  self._content = b"".join(self.iter_content(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)) or b""
                                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 822, in generate
                  raise ChunkedEncodingError(e)
              requests.exceptions.ChunkedEncodingError: ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(24163451 bytes read, 495272993 more expected)', IncompleteRead(24163451 bytes read, 495272993 more expected))
              
              The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1342, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
                  parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
                                                                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 907, in stream_convert_to_parquet
                  builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1646, in _prepare_split
                  for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
                                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1832, in _prepare_split_single
                  raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
              datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the dataset

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path string	index int32	question string	multi-choice options list	answer string	category string	l2-category string
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P5729.png	0	The width and calmness of the river in the picture suggest?	[ "(A) It is a vital transportation route.", "(B) This area might be a nature reserve or an undeveloped natural region.", "(C) This area is likely designated primarily for environmental conservation or activities with minimal human intervention.", "(D) It may serve as a vital natural water source, crucial for t...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0370-6755-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	1	What caused the formation of the blue-green lake in the upper left corner of the picture?	[ "(A) In certain regions, groundwater contains high concentrations of specific minerals, such as iron or copper, which can impart distinct colors to the water.", "(B) The appearance of water can also be influenced by factors such as the angle of sunlight and the depth of the water.", "(C) Eutrophic water bodies ...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0350-6825-LA93.tif	2	Why does the image show more farmland and fewer residential areas?	[ "(A) This area has been designated as an agricultural zone for the cultivation of crops.", "(B) The population density in this region is low, allowing farmland to cover a larger area to meet the needs of food production.", "(C) The soil type, climatic conditions, and water resources in this region are likely hi...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0370-6745-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	3	Why are the buildings in the two large housing clusters separated by a road in the top left corner of the picture so different?	[ "(A) Income levels and development policies lead to the adoption of different building materials and technologies in various regions, resulting in distinct architectural appearances.", "(B) Religious beliefs and lifestyle habits lead to differences in architectural design.", "(C) The large cluster of houses nea...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P11149.png	4	Why is there a cluster of barges in the middle of the river in the satellite images?	[ "(A) The barge might be waiting to load or unload goods at a nearby port.", "(B) This river is the only navigable route, forcing all barges to pass through this section.", "(C) These barges are part of the local festival and are temporarily moored in the river.", "(D) This river is a popular fishing spot, att...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P6119.png	5	Why does the central area of the image exhibit an unusual layout, with buildings arranged in a distinct grid pattern and a large green space in the middle?	[ "(A) This area is designed as a planned community, optimized for space utilization and featuring recreational zones.", "(B) This pattern emerged due to random construction over time without any specific planning.", "(C) Grid patterns are the result of natural terrain influencing construction.", "(D) The build...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0340-6790-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	6	The presence of multifunctional areas in the image suggests?	[ "(A) Meeting diverse economic and lifestyle needs without maintaining ecological balance.", "(B) Meet the same economic and living needs while maintaining ecological balance.", "(C) Meeting the same economic and living needs without maintaining ecological balance.", "(D) Meet diverse economic and lifestyle ne...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0350-6795-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	7	Why are the houses in the multi-unit residential image built in a spiral shape?	[ "(A) To enhance structural stability.", "(B) Possibly for aesthetic appeal or a unique design concept.", "(C) In order to save construction materials.", "(D) To adapt to specific terrain conditions." ]	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/59-2012-0725-7040-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	8	In the middle on the right side, the lower left corner, and on both sides of the highway in the farmland areas shown in the image, there are multiple lakes or ponds of varying sizes. Why does this occur?	[ "(A) In urban planning or rural development, artificial lakes or ponds are sometimes created in parks, residential areas, and similar locations to enhance the living environment and the aesthetic appeal of the landscape.", "(B) Some bodies of water are remnants of history, such as old sand quarries and abandoned ...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0350-6815-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	9	Why is there a river in the image?	[ "(A) Due to the presence of clouds in the sky during the satellite imaging, some areas appear to be rivers.", "(B) This region features natural water systems or artificial irrigation systems.", "(C) Man-made structures or roads appear as linear patterns on maps, similar to the shape of rivers.", "(D) Fields o...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P9132.png	10	What can be inferred from the presence of the breakwater in the image?	[ "(A) This region faces significant natural risks, necessitating appropriate protective measures to safeguard port facilities and vessels.", "(B) The scale of commercial or logistical activities at this port", "(C) This is a crucial maritime hub, likely involving frequent transshipment of goods and personnel.", ...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0310-6685-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	11	The residential areas near the sea are densely populated. Why is this the case?	[ "(A) Residential areas near the coast are densely populated due to the abundance of mineral resources available there.", "(B) These residential areas are likely designed to provide residents with the convenience of a seaside lifestyle, while also offering proximity to marine resources and employment opportunities...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4975.png	12	Why is there a cluster of spherical structures near the water's edge on the right side of the image?	[ "(A) The spherical structure is part of a floating pavilion designed for exhibitions and events.", "(B) The spherical structure is a water storage tank for the nearby buildings.", "(C) Spherical structures are part of the wastewater treatment facilities.", "(D) Spherical structures serve as decorative element...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/56-2013-0235-6755-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	13	The overall color of the picture is dark, yet the area slightly to the right above the river appears brighter. Why does this occur?	[ "(A) The transparency of the atmosphere varies across different regions, leading to varying degrees of light scattering, which in turn affects the brightness on the ground.", "(B) In certain situations, specific areas may be exposed more accurately than others, resulting in variations in brightness.", "(C) Duri...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4596.png	14	Can we infer from the construction site and ongoing road construction shown in the picture?	[ "(A) With a complex logistics and cargo handling system", "(B) The port is bustling with activity.", "(C) This area is undergoing rapid development and transformation.", "(D) It demonstrates the scale and operational efficiency of the port." ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0375-6705-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	15	Why are there many small islands on both sides of the river in the picture?	[ "(A) Global warming has intensified the melting of polar glaciers, leading to a rise in sea levels.", "(B) Sometimes, changes in river water levels can cause previously submerged land to emerge above the surface, forming small islands.", "(C) The flow of river water erodes the riverbanks and also carries materi...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/29-2012-0165-6780-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	16	Why is there so much empty space in the middle of the image?	[ "(A) These open spaces may be nature reserves or ecologically sensitive areas, aimed at protecting the local ecosystems.", "(B) These open spaces may be undeveloped land, awaiting further planning or utilization.", "(C) This may be due to urban planning, historical legacy, land reserves, environmental protectio...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/56-2013-0285-6725-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	17	Is the rectangular area near the water in the picture farmland or something else, and why does this occur?	[ "(A) These structures are storage tanks for liquids or gases. Although it is uncommon to see them in water, sometimes oil depots are constructed along riverbanks.", "(B) It is likely farmland, typically situated near water sources to facilitate irrigation, which also explains why these fields are found close to b...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4290.png	18	What is the suitable location for constructing a port in the image?	[ "(A) The coastline at the center of the image", "(B) Coastal area along the bottom of the image", "(C) Coastal areas in the image", "(D) Inside of the ocean on the right side of the picture." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P7770.png	19	What can be inferred from the mix of urban and suburban areas in the picture?	[ "(A) This area is a developing city, yet it lacks advanced transportation infrastructure and adequate natural conservation.", "(B) This area is a developing city, characterized by advanced transportation systems and excellent environmental conservation.", "(C) This area is not a developing city, yet it boasts h...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P3075.png	20	How many vehicles are there at the transportation hub in the picture, and what about the parking lots in the commercial district?	[ "(A) Business activities in this region are very vibrant.", "(B) The region focuses on boosting economic vitality.", "(C) This area experiences high traffic flow.", "(D) This area holds significant importance in terms of transportation and commerce." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0345-6785-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	21	From the layout of the industrial and residential areas in the picture, one can infer?	[ "(A) Optimizing traffic flow and resource distribution in the region has not maintained an appropriate separation between industrial activities and residential life.", "(B) Reduced traffic flow and resource distribution within the region, while maintaining an appropriate separation between industrial activities a...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0340-6770-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	22	What in the picture indicates a certain level of residential gathering?	[ "(A) The color and density of the building.", "(B) The number and distribution of vehicles.", "(C) The layout and shape of roads.", "(D) The Existence of Towns and Villages." ]	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P9560.png	23	What in the picture indicates that this is a densely populated and bustling urban area?	[ "(A) Number and Distribution of Vehicles", "(B) Number and Distribution of Buildings", "(C) High density of vehicle and building distribution", "(D) Color and Distribution of Buildings" ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0390-6710-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	24	Why are the larger residential areas all concentrated on the left side of the image?	[ "(A) Due to cultural beliefs, residents of the area prefer living on the left side, considering it to be more auspicious or habitable.", "(B) The land on the right side of the area has been requisitioned by the government, hence there are no residential zones.", "(C) From a geographical perspective, the area on...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
ITCVD/00147.jpg	25	Why isn't the square area above the image planned as a parking lot as well?	[ "(A) Designing a parking lot can result in narrower and obstructed evacuation routes, and the convergence of vehicles at the parking lot exits may conflict with the normal traffic flow in the surrounding area.", "(B) This area can provide a public recreational space, enhancing the ambiance and appeal of the comme...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P3246.png	26	Why are there numerous ships docked in the central area of the image, while the surrounding parking lots appear to be full?	[ "(A) This area has become a popular stopping point due to its proximity to commercial and residential zones.", "(B) The reason vessels dock there is due to the deeper waters in that area.", "(C) The central area is a popular tourist destination, hence it attracts a larger number of docked boats.", "(D) The ve...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0320-6700-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	27	In satellite imagery, large areas of empty space are visible. Why does this occur? There are several reasons for the appearance of large empty spaces in satellite images: 1. Cloud Cover: Thick clouds can obscure the ground, making it appear as an empty space in the image. 2. Technical Limitations: The satelli...	[ "(A) These barren areas are due to anomalies in the Earth's magnetic field, which prevent materials in these regions from maintaining their normal physical state, resulting in large expanses of empty land.", "(B) Certain areas may be designated as industrial or commercial zones, and these areas may appear as vaca...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
Potsdam/top_potsdam_3_12_RGB_Potsdam.png	28	Why is there a large cleared area with sparse vegetation in the center of the upper part of the image?	[ "(A) The area is being prepared for new construction.", "(B) This area is designated as a park with minimal maintenance.", "(C) This area is a natural clearing formed due to soil erosion.", "(D) This area is used for seasonal agricultural activities." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0340-6720-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	29	Why is the green plant area so large in the diagram?	[ "(A) Green plants can absorb carbon dioxide and other harmful gases, releasing oxygen, thereby improving air quality.", "(B) Vegetation helps reduce soil erosion, conserve soil and water, and contributes to maintaining ecological balance.", "(C) Improvements to the local environment include, but are not limited...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/29-2012-0195-6810-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	30	Why is there such a large bend in the river on the left side of the image?	[ "(A) This large bend in the river was specifically designed in ancient times for dragon boat races. The curvature increases the challenge and visual appeal of the competitions.", "(B) The large bend in this river was specifically designed by ancient Feng Shui masters to stabilize the dragon veins, thereby blessin...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P5034.png	31	Why is there a large open green space surrounded by buildings and roads at the center of the image?	[ "(A) Green spaces are parks designed for recreational activities and community gatherings.", "(B) A greenfield site refers to an undeveloped area designated for a new construction project.", "(C) Green spaces are private properties reserved for future commercial purposes.", "(D) During the event, the green sp...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0330-6775-LA93.tif	32	What in the picture suggests that the local transportation development is not mature?	[ "(A) Vehicle Distribution", "(B) Layout of Farmland", "(C) Scattered small villages and farms dot the landscape.", "(D) The number of vehicles" ]	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0340-6690-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	33	Why are there many city roads in the central part of the image?	[ "(A) Proper road planning is a crucial component of urban development, facilitating orderly expansion and sustainable growth of cities.", "(B) Connecting different regions through roads can strengthen the ties and cooperation between areas, allowing for resource sharing and mutual benefits.", "(C) A well-develo...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/22-2012-0210-6840-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	34	Why are there so many vacant lots in this area of the image?	[ "(A) These open spaces are intentionally preserved by the government as private sports fields and recreational areas for the local residents, who enjoy engaging in outdoor activities.", "(B) These open spaces are designed to simulate the layout of ancient villages, where large areas of land between residential zo...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/59-2012-0725-7030-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	35	In the forest area adjacent to the residential area in the top right of the image, there is a large circular geological feature visible in the center. What could this area be, and why might this feature have formed?	[ "(A) These are man-made parks, recreational areas, or other types of open spaces.", "(B) This is the result of past mining activities. Open-pit mining leaves such terrain features, especially when the pits are abandoned and filled with rainwater.", "(C) If the area was previously used for mining or industrial p...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0305-6705-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	36	Why is there a road above the river in the bottom right corner of the image?	[ "(A) This is an ancient canal relic that once served as a vital water transportation route and is now preserved as a historical site.", "(B) This road is actually an ecological corridor designed for wildlife, aimed at helping animals safely cross busy road areas and maintain the connectivity of their habitats.", ...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0365-6755-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	37	Why is there a roundabout in the center of the largest cluster of houses towards the bottom of the picture?	[ "(A) Roundabouts can effectively distribute the flow of vehicles, reduce traffic pressure at intersections, and enhance the efficiency of road usage.", "(B) Sometimes roundabouts are designed around significant historical buildings, monuments, or other landmark structures to highlight their importance.", "(C) T...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0385-6720-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	38	The image primarily shows farmland and scattered farms. Why is there a large forested area slightly to the right in the middle of the upper part?	[ "(A) The soil in this region is unsuitable for cultivating crops, hence the original forests have been preserved.", "(B) The region's abundant water sources attract a large number of birds, creating a unique ecosystem.", "(C) The government or local community may preserve this forest for ecological protection o...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
ITCVD/00001.jpg	39	In the center of the picture, there is a large open area with significantly fewer parked vehicles compared to the surrounding areas. Why is this the case?	[ "(A) This area is reserved for emergency services only.", "(B) This area is currently under construction and closed to the public.", "(C) This area is pedestrian-only.", "(D) This area is a popular venue for events and is currently hosting one." ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P7834.png	40	Does the detailed description in the picture showcase the typical features of an urban area?	[ "(A) High-density architecture and diverse road networks", "(B) High-density architecture with abundant greenery", "(C) High-density architecture, diverse road networks, and abundant greenery", "(D) Diverse road networks and abundant greenery" ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/14-2012-0420-6875-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	41	Why are the vehicles densely packed in the central area of the image, and why are the road intersections complex, especially around the large buildings near the center?	[ "(A) This may be due to factors such as the concentration of economic activities, transportation hubs, and road design in the city center.", "(B) Large buildings possess a certain \"gravitational pull\" that attracts vehicles and pedestrian traffic, leading to congestion around them.", "(C) Modern vehicle navig...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0365-6805-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	42	Why is there a large area of forest in the bottom right corner of the image?	[ "(A) This forest was planted by humans, possibly for the purposes of beautifying the environment or serving as a protective barrier.", "(B) This forest is naturally grown, likely due to the climatic conditions of the area being favorable for tree growth.", "(C) The presence of forests in the area may be attribu...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0335-6810-LA93.tif	43	What can be inferred from the farmland, roads, buildings, and natural vegetation shown in the picture?	[ "(A) This is a primarily commercial area, featuring a complex network of roads and scattered small buildings.", "(B) This is a region primarily focused on agriculture, featuring a complex network of roads and scattered small buildings.", "(C) This area is primarily commercial, yet it lacks a complex network of ...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P10965.png	44	Why is there a large rectangular open green space in the bottom right corner of the image?	[ "(A) This area is designated as a park for recreational and community activities.", "(B) This space is reserved for future commercial development projects.", "(C) This area is a private garden for the surrounding residential buildings.", "(D) This space is designated for local agricultural farmland." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
Toronto/03557_Toronto.png	45	In the satellite image, there is a large open area at the center with distinct paths visible. Why is there such an open space in an area densely packed with buildings?	[ "(A) This is a designated park or a recreational area for public use.", "(B) This area is currently under construction and has been temporarily cleared.", "(C) This is a derelict plot of land awaiting development.", "(D) This space is used for seasonal markets and events." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P6047.png	46	What in the image indicates the importance of urban development and transportation?	[ "(A) Construction Sites and Residential Areas", "(B) Roads and Residential Areas", "(C) Construction Sites and Railroad Tracks", "(D) Construction Sites and Roads" ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P9551.png	47	What can be inferred from the residential, commercial, and transportation facilities shown in the image?	[ "(A) The region boasts well-developed transportation facilities, but residential and commercial activities are sluggish.", "(B) The transportation infrastructure in this area is not well-developed, and both residential and commercial activities are bustling.", "(C) The transportation facilities in this area are...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4320.png	48	A detailed analysis of the image can reveal?	[ "(A) The primary economic activities in this region are centered around commerce, with no involvement in aquaculture.", "(B) The primary economic activity in this region is agriculture, with no involvement in aquaculture.", "(C) The primary economic activity in this region is agriculture, which may also include...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P8890.png	49	In the center of the picture, there is a large, congested intersection. Why does this area experience such congestion?	[ "(A) This intersection serves as a crucial hub connecting several major roads, resulting in heavy traffic flow.", "(B) Construction is currently underway in the area, resulting in road closures and detours.", "(C) This intersection is located in a rural area with limited traffic signals.", "(D) This intersect...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0360-6760-LA93.tif	50	The houses in the image are generally scattered, with only the bottom left corner showing a cluster of houses. Why is this the case?	[ "(A) The region may have water sources, flat land, or other natural conditions suitable for habitation and production activities.", "(B) It was the early settlers who chose to establish a community here, and as the population gradually increased, it evolved into the settlement we see today.", "(C) Being close t...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/29-2012-0150-6825-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	51	Why is the red oval-shaped track located outside the residential area in the top left corner of the image?	[ "(A) The residential area may have been established for a long time, whereas the construction of the runway came later. Therefore, the only option was to build it in the surrounding areas.", "(B) This setup facilitates the viewing experience for the audience, as most spectators are accustomed to watching from a h...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0340-6815-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	52	What in the picture suggests that the residents here might rely on agricultural production?	[ "(A) The development level of the town's facilities and road network.", "(B) The close integration of the town and farmland.", "(C) Layout of Farmland and Buildings.", "(D) The layout and connectivity of roads." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P3448.png	53	What does the urban area in the picture look like?	[ "(A) Residential Area", "(B) Commercial District", "(C) Comprehensive residential and industrial area", "(D) Comprehensive residential and commercial area" ]	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0370-6795-LA93.tif	54	Why are the farmlands and cultivated fields at the top of the picture neatly divided by rows of trees?	[ "(A) Trees can provide shade for farmland, helping to maintain soil moisture and prevent rapid evaporation of water.", "(B) Neatly arranged trees enhance the aesthetic appeal of pastoral landscapes for visual beauty.", "(C) Neatly arranged trees are ineffective in providing windbreaks, stabilizing sand, and con...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P9530.png	55	What can we infer about the urban planning of this city area through the image?	[ "(A) The transportation system is well-developed and the building density is moderate, yet there is a lack of adequate green spaces.", "(B) The transportation system is well-developed, the building density is moderate, and there is a certain amount of green space.", "(C) The transportation system is underdevelo...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/59-2012-0700-7075-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	56	Why are the sports fields located to the bottom right of the largest residential area on the left side of the image so close to each other?	[ "(A) A comprehensive sports area means that individuals can enjoy a variety of different sports options within a short distance, reducing travel time and costs.", "(B) Centralized settings allow for the sharing of infrastructure and facilities such as parking lots, changing rooms, and restrooms. This enhances the...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0365-6760-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	57	Why is the residential area in this map so scattered?	[ "(A) This may be due to a variety of factors including agricultural activities, low population density, infrastructure limitations, and historical reasons.", "(B) The region is likely dominated by agricultural production, hence residential areas are distributed around farmlands, facilitating farmers in managing a...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P5790.png	58	What are the characteristics of the urban areas in the picture?	[ "(A) High residential density", "(B) High residential density with well-planned urban layouts and recreational facilities.", "(C) Without proper urban planning and recreational facilities", "(D) High residential density but lacks proper urban planning and recreational facilities." ]	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P5484.png	59	Why is there a noticeable discoloration in the water at the top left corner near the port in the image?	[ "(A) The discoloration was caused by an oil spill from nearby vessels.", "(B) The color change is due to the proliferation of algae in the water.", "(C) The discoloration is caused by strong currents stirring up the sediment.", "(D) The color change is caused by the shadows of clouds cast on the surface of th...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
Potsdam/top_potsdam_6_7_RGB_Potsdam.png	60	Why are there numerous buildings and structures in the central area of the image, while the surrounding areas appear more open and less developed?	[ "(A) The central area may be designated as residential or commercial, while the surrounding areas are designated for parks or agricultural use.", "(B) The central area is a nature reserve where development is restricted, resulting in more open spaces.", "(C) The central area is prone to flooding and is not suit...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0360-6755-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	61	Why do large areas of forest appear to be different colors in the image?	[ "(A) The trees in the forest are engaged in a color competition to see which hue can attract the most visitors.", "(B) The trees in the forest automatically adjust their colors according to the changing seasons, much like nature's own palette.", "(C) The variation in colors of the forest is due to the trees mim...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0295-6705-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	62	Why are the residential areas in the image relatively dispersed?	[ "(A) This may be due to factors such as land use, historical development, population density, and policy planning.", "(B) Extreme weather or uninhabitable environments lead to the dispersal of residential areas.", "(C) Geological instability has led to the dispersal of residential areas.", "(D) Settlements sc...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P9918.png	63	From the number of ships and buildings in the town depicted in the image, one can infer?	[ "(A) Featuring large industrial facilities", "(B) This town is likely a hub for tourism or fishing.", "(C) Reduced the quality of residents' living environment", "(D) The roads may be distributed in a straight line." ]	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P10156.png	64	Why is there an unusually high density of vehicles and crowds in the central area of the image, especially around large open squares and nearby buildings?	[ "(A) A public event or festival is currently underway, attracting a large number of people and vehicles.", "(B) This area is a major transportation hub, resulting in a high concentration of vehicles and people.", "(C) The square is a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors from the surrounding areas.", "...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P6725.png	65	What in the picture reflects the consistency and modernization level of urban planning?	[ "(A) The distribution of rivers and the density of vehicles", "(B) High-density building area", "(C) Counting Vehicles and Vessels", "(D) The high density of buildings and uniform roof colors" ]	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0340-6785-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	66	The presence of a lake and extensive green areas in the picture suggests?	[ "(A) This region may possess favorable natural resources and environmental conditions.", "(B) This region maintains certain exchanges and connections with the outside world.", "(C) This is a typical agricultural area that integrates both agriculture and light industry.", "(D) This region places a high value o...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/62-2012-0700-7045-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	67	Why are there several lakes next to the forest on the right side of the picture?	[ "(A) When the groundwater level rises to the surface, it can lead to the formation of lakes. This phenomenon may be associated with the geological structure, soil type, and climatic conditions of the region.", "(B) In some cases, the craters left by volcanic eruptions can collect water and form lakes.", "(C) If...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
Potsdam/top_potsdam_7_8_RGB_Potsdam.png	68	Why are there a large number of vehicles parked along the central vertical street in the satellite images?	[ "(A) Central Avenue is a major thoroughfare with limited parking options nearby.", "(B) Central Street is a pedestrian-only area, attracting an increased number of parked vehicles.", "(C) Central Street is under construction, resulting in more vehicles being parked.", "(D) Central Street is a residential area...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4186.png	69	The presence and activities of docks and shipyards suggest that?	[ "(A) This area boasts a high level of economic activity and strong infrastructure support.", "(B) The area has a high population of residents and workers.", "(C) Potential increase in demand for transportation and logistics", "(D) This area is a vital commercial and logistics hub." ]	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
Potsdam/top_potsdam_2_10_RGB_Potsdam.png	70	Why is there a large cleared area and construction activity in the upper right part of the image?	[ "(A) This area is being prepared for new residential construction.", "(B) This area is currently being cleared for the construction of a new park.", "(C) This area is being transformed into a parking lot.", "(D) This area is being prepared for agricultural use." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/29-2012-0140-6825-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	71	Why is there a plot of land surrounded by a gray road in the middle of the picture?	[ "(A) This plot of land is actually an undisclosed scientific research base, with the gray roads serving to isolate the experimental areas.", "(B) This plot of land is actually the site of an ancient labyrinth, and the gray roads are designed to protect this historical relic.", "(C) This may be due to urban plan...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4027.png	72	Why is there a large, dark rectangular area in the center of the lower part of the image, with several cars parked?	[ "(A) This area is designated as a parking lot for nearby businesses and facilities.", "(B) This area is a construction site with temporary vehicle parking.", "(C) This area serves as a recreational space for community activities.", "(D) This area is an abandoned site with vehicles left idle." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4575.png	73	What might the density of residential and industrial facilities in the image indicate?	[ "(A) Not conducive to the daily life and work of residents", "(B) May have significant implications for transportation or commerce.", "(C) The road system is underdeveloped.", "(D) During peak hours on weekdays, traffic congestion tends to be significant, especially on main roads and at entry and exit points....	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
Potsdam/top_potsdam_6_15_RGB_Potsdam.png	74	In the satellite image, there is a construction site located at the center, surrounded by buildings and parking lots. Why is there construction activity occurring in this area?	[ "(A) This area is currently under development to expand the existing parking facilities.", "(B) A new residential complex is currently under construction to accommodate more residents.", "(C) The site is currently being cleared to construct a new public park, aimed at enhancing community recreational activities...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0370-6775-LA93.tif	75	The houses in the image are mostly scattered, with only the central left section and the bottom right corner having denser clusters. Why does this occur?	[ "(A) Different regions have distinct land use plans, and therefore, houses are laid out in accordance with these plans.", "(B) The construction of roads and other transportation facilities does not affect the distribution of houses.", "(C) The needs of agricultural production may also lead to houses being distr...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0345-6775-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	76	From the distribution of farmland, residential areas, and roads in the picture, one can infer?	[ "(A) This is primarily a commercial area with a low population density.", "(B) This is a region primarily focused on agriculture with a high population density.", "(C) This is a predominantly agricultural area with a low population density.", "(D) This is a primarily commercial area with a high population den...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0330-6780-LA93.tif	77	What in the picture suggests that the area has a certain population density?	[ "(A) Larger bodies of water and green plants", "(B) The Existence of Towns and Villages", "(C) There are fewer vehicles.", "(D) Color and Distribution of Buildings" ]	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0375-6815-LA93.tif	78	Why are there parking lots beside the highway when the traffic is sparse in the picture?	[ "(A) The construction and maintenance costs of parking lots are relatively low, and they can generate certain economic benefits.", "(B) Governments or developers will reserve more land for parking lots based on future development plans to accommodate anticipated growth trends.", "(C) Parking lots can be utilize...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P11102.png	79	What in the picture indicates good traffic management and planning?	[ "(A) An abundance of green spaces and parks", "(B) Road Design and Vehicle Volume", "(C) Number and Distribution of Vehicles", "(D) Design of Roads and Direction of Vehicle Flow" ]	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0350-6780-LA93.tif	80	What in the picture indicates that the region employs diverse agricultural techniques and crop rotation systems?	[ "(A) Large intersections and straight highways.", "(B) Density of Buildings.", "(C) The diverse colors and shapes of farmland.", "(D) The Shape and Layout of Roads." ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P6882.png	81	What does the combination of the bridge and the water in the picture bring about?	[ "(A) Provides convenient transportation without impacting the surrounding ecological environment and urban development.", "(B) Lack of convenient transportation can also impact the surrounding ecological environment and urban development.", "(C) Lack of convenient transportation will not likely impact the surro...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P7681.png	82	What in the picture reflects the level of urban activity and traffic flow?	[ "(A) The distribution of buildings and the number of vehicles", "(B) The Number of Buildings and the Color of Vehicles", "(C) Color and Quantity of Vehicles", "(D) Number and Distribution of Vehicles" ]	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0380-6800-LA93.tif	83	Why does the forest area in the lower left corner of the picture have circular routes and straight, scattered paths?	[ "(A) These paths are likely designed to facilitate visitors in sightseeing, hiking, or engaging in other outdoor activities.", "(B) Sometimes, these patterns are formed by trees deliberately planted to commemorate certain events or individuals, serving as a form of artistic expression or symbolic design.", "(C)...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P11066.png	84	Why is there a large open area in the center of the image, featuring a playground and green spaces, surrounded by residential buildings?	[ "(A) Open areas refer to designated public parks used for leisure and recreation.", "(B) This area is reserved for future commercial development.", "(C) This space serves as a private garden for the surrounding residential buildings.", "(D) The open area is farmland used for local agriculture." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0400-6705-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	85	In the image, the residential area at the top has three ponds clustered together in the upper left corner. Why is this the case?	[ "(A) In arid or semi-arid regions, constructing centralized ponds can effectively store water resources for irrigating crops.", "(B) These types of ponds are used for recreational activities such as leisure fishing and boating.", "(C) In certain scenarios, artificial ponds may also be utilized for wetland resto...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0335-6760-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	86	What in the picture has formed a clear transportation network?	[ "(A) The number of vehicles", "(B) Distribution of Road Systems.", "(C) Color and Distribution of Vehicles.", "(D) Distribution of Buildings and Vehicles." ]	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P5803.png	87	Can it be inferred from the image that buildings are sparse and primarily located in areas with less vegetation?	[ "(A) There may be some water activities here.", "(B) This area might be a nature reserve or a less developed tourist region.", "(C) Reflects good urban planning and residential environment", "(D) It showcases the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, while also hinting at an awareness of environme...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P4272.png	88	What do the multiple storage tanks, industrial buildings, and roads in the image indicate?	[ "(A) Reduced efficiency in industrial transportation and logistics", "(B) This area is now a commercial district.", "(C) This area could be a refinery or a chemical plant.", "(D) Urban planners have neglected environmental management." ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P9044.png	89	Why is there a large ship docked at the pier in the top left corner of the picture?	[ "(A) The ship is unloading cargo at a major port.", "(B) The ship is docked for maintenance work.", "(C) The ship is docked for a routine inspection.", "(D) The boat is there for sightseeing tours." ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4912_7360/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P6861.png	90	What in the picture reflects the focus of urban planning and the social activities of the residents?	[ "(A) Ring Island and Open Plaza", "(B) Docks and Residential Areas", "(C) Island Ring and Pier", "(D) Open Squares and Docks" ]	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0375-6810-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	91	Why is there a relatively wide road located towards the upper left of the image?	[ "(A) This road is a rural pathway situated between farmlands, primarily used for the passage of agricultural machinery.", "(B) This road is a railway track used for transporting goods or passengers.", "(C) This road is a highway or main thoroughfare used to connect cities or key areas.", "(D) This pathway is ...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0365-6795-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	92	Why is there a lake in the middle of the large forest on the right side of the image?	[ "(A) Manual Excavation.", "(B) Formed naturally.", "(C) Barrier Lake.", "(D) Coal Mine Collapse." ]	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/29-2012-0180-6835-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	93	Why is there a body of water in the middle of the image? What caused this?	[ "(A) This body of water may have been artificially excavated for purposes such as aquaculture, reservoir construction, or landscape beautification.", "(B) Water bodies may form in originally dry areas due to climate change factors such as increased rainfall or rising sea levels, leading to water accumulation.", ...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/62-2012-0600-7065-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	94	Why is the vegetation in the residential area at the bottom left corner of the image so lush and dense?	[ "(A) Community residents possess a high level of environmental awareness and responsibility, actively participating in tree planting and the maintenance of public green spaces.", "(B) The property management department regularly maintains and manages the green spaces to ensure that the plants are well-cared for, ...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2006/35-2006-0365-6815-LA93.tif	95	Why are there fewer water sources in this map?	[ "(A) This region is located in an arid or semi-arid climate zone, where low precipitation leads to scarce water resources.", "(B) Topographical factors do not affect the distribution of water resources.", "(C) The scarcity of water resources in this region may be due to limited natural availability or the trans...	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
DOTA_v2_4096_4096/dota_v2_dota_v2_dota_v2_P11120.png	96	What in the image indicates the population density and frequency of activity in the area?	[ "(A) Expansive sea areas and coastal roads", "(B) Well-organized parking facilities and proximity to the seaside", "(C) Number of Vehicles in the Parking Lot", "(D) The Presence of Industrial Buildings" ]	C	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0365-6740-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	97	Why are there several plots surrounded by trees in the top right corner of the image?	[ "(A) Sometimes, such small plots of land may be ancient sites or locations of historical significance, hence more vegetation is preserved around them as a mark of respect and protection.", "(B) These plots are either golf courses or parks, as they are typically rectangular and meticulously maintained.", "(C) Th...	D	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
MiniFrance/44-2013-0385-6730-LA93-0M50-E080.jp2.tif	98	In the image, the farms and residential areas are generally scattered. Why is the residential area located slightly to the right of the upper center more concentrated?	[ "(A) The area has established a solid infrastructure, including electricity and water supply systems, schools, and medical facilities, all of which attract people to live and work here.", "(B) This residential area may hold special religious significance, attracting believers to gather here and establish their ho...	A	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default
HRSCD/2012/35-2012-0360-6810-LA93-0M50-E080.tif	99	Why is there a body of water in the upper left side of the image?	[ "(A) This area is likely a wetland or marsh, which typically contains a large amount of water and is characterized by lush vegetation.", "(B) This body of water could be part of a river or a lake, which appear as continuous aquatic areas on the map.", "(C) This body of water could also be a man-made reservoir o...	B	Complex reasoning/Anomaly Detection and Interpretation	default

End of preview.

🐙GitHub

Information or evaluatation on this dataset can be found in this repo: https://github.com/AI9Stars/XLRS-Bench

📜Dataset License

Annotations of this dataset is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. For images from:

DOTA
RGB images from Google Earth and CycloMedia (for academic use only; commercial use is prohibited, and Google Earth terms of use apply).
ITCVD
Licensed under CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0.
MiniFrance, HRSCD
Released under IGN’s "licence ouverte".
Toronto, Potsdam:
The Toronto test data images are derived from the Downtown Toronto dataset provided by Optech Inc., First Base Solutions Inc., GeoICT Lab at York University, and ISPRS WG III/4, and are subject to the following conditions:
1. The data must not be used for other than research purposes. Any other use is prohibited.
2. The data must not be used outside the context of this test project, in particular while the project is still on-going (i.e. until September 2012). Whether the data will be available for other research purposes after the end of this project is still under discussion.
3. The data must not be distributed to third parties. Any person interested in the data may obtain them via ISPRS WG III/4.
4. The data users should include the following acknowledgement in any publication resulting from the datasets: “*The authors would like to acknowledge the provision of the Downtown Toronto data set by Optech Inc., First Base Solutions Inc., GeoICT Lab at York University, and ISPRS WG III/4.*”

Disclaimer:
If any party believes their rights are infringed, please contact us immediately at wfx23@nudt.edu.cn. We will promptly remove any infringing content.

📖Citation

If you find our work helpful, please consider citing:

@inproceedings{wang2025xlrs,
  title={Xlrs-bench: Could your multimodal llms understand extremely large ultra-high-resolution remote sensing imagery?},
  author={Wang, Fengxiang and Wang, Hongzhen and Guo, Zonghao and Wang, Di and Wang, Yulin and Chen, Mingshuo and Ma, Qiang and Lan, Long and Yang, Wenjing and Zhang, Jing and others},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference},
  pages={14325--14336},
  year={2025}
}

@article{wang2025geollava,
  title={GeoLLaVA-8K: Scaling Remote-Sensing Multimodal Large Language Models to 8K Resolution},
  author={Wang, Fengxiang and Chen, Mingshuo and Li, Yueying and Wang, Di and Wang, Haotian and Guo, Zonghao and Wang, Zefan and Shan, Boqi and Lan, Long and Wang, Yulin and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.21375},
  year={2025}
}

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Paper for zzzchess/XLRS-Bench-lite

GeoLLaVA-8K: Scaling Remote-Sensing Multimodal Large Language Models to 8K Resolution

Paper • 2505.21375 • Published May 27, 2025