Sentence Similarity
Safetensors
sentence-transformers
English
PyLate
modernbert
ColBERT
feature-extraction
text-embeddings-inference
🇪🇺 Region: EU
Instructions to use lightonai/LateOn-unsupervised with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- sentence-transformers
How to use lightonai/LateOn-unsupervised with sentence-transformers:
from pylate import models queries = [ "Which planet is known as the Red Planet?", "What is the largest planet in our solar system?", ] documents = [ ["Mars is the Red Planet.", "Venus is Earth's twin."], ["Jupiter is the largest planet.", "Saturn has rings."], ] model = models.ColBERT(model_name_or_path="lightonai/LateOn-unsupervised") queries_emb = model.encode(queries, is_query=True) docs_emb = model.encode(documents, is_query=False) - Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
Update README.md
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README.md
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- feature-extraction
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pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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library_name: PyLate
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---
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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- **Model Type:** PyLate model
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- **Document Length:** 300 tokens
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- **Query Length:** 32 tokens
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- **Output Dimensionality:** 128 tokens
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- **Similarity Function:** MaxSim
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<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->
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### Model Sources
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queries_embeddings = model.encode(
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["query for document 3", "query for document 1"],
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batch_size=32,
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is_query=True, #
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show_progress_bar=True,
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)
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```
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### Direct Usage (Transformers)
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<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>
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</details>
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<!--
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### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)
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You can finetune this model on your own dataset.
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<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
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</details>
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<!--
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
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<!--
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## Bias, Risks and Limitations
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*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
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-->
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*
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## Training Details
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### Framework Versions
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- Python: 3.
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- Sentence Transformers: 5.
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- PyLate: 1.
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- Transformers: 4.57.
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- PyTorch: 2.
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- Accelerate: 1.
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- Datasets:
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- Tokenizers: 0.22.
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## Citation
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### BibTeX
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```bibtex
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@misc{
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title={DenseOn with
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author={Sourty, Raphael and Chaffin, Antoine and Weller, Orion and
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year={2026},
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howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/blog/lightonai/denseon-lateon}},
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}
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}
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```
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<!--
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## Glossary
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- feature-extraction
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pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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library_name: PyLate
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license: apache-2.0
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language:
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- en
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---
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<p align="center">
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<img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/609bbe2f4932693ca2009d6a/kbQOAarw0eaApow3M9HIl.png" alt="LightOn" width="512">
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</p>
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<h1 align="center">LateOn-unsupervised</h1>
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<h3 align="center">Unsupervised contrastive pre-training checkpoint by LightOn</h3>
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://huggingface.co/lightonai/LateOn">LateOn</a> |
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<a href="https://huggingface.co/lightonai/DenseOn">DenseOn</a> |
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<a href="https://github.com/lightonai/pylate">PyLate</a> |
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<a href="https://github.com/lightonai/fast-plaid">FastPLAID</a>
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</p>
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---
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**LateOn-unsupervised** is an unsupervised contrastive pre-training checkpoint built on ModernBERT (149M parameters), trained by [LightOn](https://lighton.ai) using [PyLate](https://github.com/lightonai/pylate). It serves as the foundation for building [LateOn](https://huggingface.co/lightonai/LateOn), a ColBERT retrieval model that encodes queries and documents independently into multi-vector representations, using `[Q]`/`[D]` prefixes and token-level similarity with MaxSim scoring.
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For the final late-interaction retrieval model, use [LateOn](https://huggingface.co/lightonai/LateOn), which adds supervised fine-tuning with mined hard negatives on top of this checkpoint. See our [blog post](TODO) for full results and analysis.
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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- **Model Type:** PyLate ColBERT model
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- **Base model:** [ModernBERT-base](https://huggingface.co/answerdotai/ModernBERT-base) (149M parameters)
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- **Document Length:** 300 tokens
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- **Query Length:** 32 tokens
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- **Output Dimensionality:** 128 tokens
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- **Similarity Function:** MaxSim
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- **Language:** English
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- **License:** Apache 2.0
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### Model Sources
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queries_embeddings = model.encode(
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["query for document 3", "query for document 1"],
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batch_size=32,
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is_query=True, # Ensure that it is set to True to indicate that these are queries
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show_progress_bar=True,
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)
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)
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```
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## Related Models
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| Model | Description | Link |
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|-------|-------------|------|
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| **LateOn** | Supervised ColBERT model | [lightonai/LateOn](https://huggingface.co/lightonai/LateOn) |
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| **LateOn-unsupervised** | Pre-training-only checkpoint (this model)| [lightonai/LateOn-unsupervised](https://huggingface.co/lightonai/LateOn-unsupervised) |
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| **DenseOn** | Supervised dense (single-vector) model | [lightonai/DenseOn](https://huggingface.co/lightonai/DenseOn) |
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| **DenseOn-unsupervised** | Pre-training-only checkpoint | [lightonai/DenseOn-unsupervised](https://huggingface.co/lightonai/DenseOn-unsupervised) |
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## Training Details
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### Framework Versions
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- Python: 3.11.10
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- Sentence Transformers: 5.1.1
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- PyLate: 1.3.4
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- Transformers: 4.57.5
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- PyTorch: 2.9.0+cu128
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- Accelerate: 1.12.0
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- Datasets: 3.6.0
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- Tokenizers: 0.22.1
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## Citation
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### BibTeX
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```bibtex
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@misc{sourty2025denseonlateon,
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title={DenseOn with LateOn: Open State-of-the-Art Single and Multi-Vector Models},
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author={Sourty, Raphael and Chaffin, Antoine and Weller, Orion and Moura Junior, Paulo Roberto and Chatelain, Amelie},
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year={2026},
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howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/blog/lightonai/denseon-lateon}},
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}
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}
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```
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<!--
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
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-->
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<!--
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## Bias, Risks and Limitations
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*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
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-->
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<!--
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### Recommendations
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*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
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-->
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<!--
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## Glossary
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