TinyMixtral

A small Mixtral-style Mixture-of-Experts causal language model (~432M total, ~176M active parameters) for pretraining research on a single consumer GPU.

Model Architecture

Parameter Value
hidden_size 896
num_layers 10
Attention Grouped Query Attention (14 heads / 2 KV heads)
Head dim 64
RoPE theta 1,000,000
Norm RMSNorm
Experts 6 (top-2 routing)
Expert FFN SwiGLU, intermediate = 2389 (8/3 × hidden_size)
Vocab size 32,000
Max position 2,048
Total params ~432M
Active params ~176M

Hardware & Environment

  • GPU: NVIDIA RTX A5000 24GB
  • CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 5800X
  • RAM: 32GB

Training Details

  • Precision: bf16 (model, AdamW states, autocast forward/backward)
  • Optimizer: AdamW (β=0.9,0.95, wd=0.1), weight decay only on ≥2D parameters
  • LR schedule: Cosine decay with linear warmup (warmup_steps=2000)
  • Gradient clipping: 1.0
  • Batch: 22 × 1024 = 22,528 tokens/step
  • Activation checkpointing: enabled (required for 24GB VRAM)
  • Data: C4-en, pre-tokenized to .pt shards (100M tokens each), cycled round-robin

License

MIT License. Copyright (C) 2026 Michael Lee (李登淳).

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Dataset used to train mikecovlee/tinymixtral