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Sukuma MT

Authors: Zephania and Isack Odero

Swahili → Sukuma machine translation for the macron orthography (ā ē ī ō ū). Reads Swahili text and writes Sukuma text.

Direction is one-way. There is no English → Sukuma SKU — pivot English → Swahili first, then this model.

Quick example

Swahili Sukuma (this model)
Habari yako? Ūlī mhola?

Always set the source language to swh_Latn and force the Sukuma BOS token suk_Latn. If you skip that, output will not be Sukuma.

Summary

Task Machine translation
Direction Swahili → Sukuma
Language codes swh_Latnsuk_Latn
Pairs 31,102 · train 29,962 · val 993 · test 147
Split rule whole document groups
Orthography Latin with vowel macrons
Primary metric chrF2

Evaluation

Held-out document-group test (147 pairs) — the number to quote. Validation is a check only.

Sukuma is morphologically rich and longer than Swahili on this table (~1.3× words). Prefer chrF2; BLEU is secondary.

Split chrF2 BLEU eval loss
Test (147) 42.6 20.0 1.97
Validation (993) 46.3 23.2

A chrF2 in the low–mid 40s means meaning is often carried but the text is not a clean match to the reference.

Lite on the same test split: chrF2 34.8, BLEU 12.7.

How to use

from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer

tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("nileagi/nileagi-suk-mt")
model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("nileagi/nileagi-suk-mt")

tok.src_lang = "swh_Latn"
inputs = tok("Habari yako?", return_tensors="pt")
bos = tok.convert_tokens_to_ids("suk_Latn")
out = model.generate(
    **inputs,
    forced_bos_token_id=bos,
    max_new_tokens=128,
)
print(tok.decode(out[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

Decoded Sukuma sometimes contains spaces inside words. Keep real word boundaries when you display or score the text.

Intended use

  • Literary and read-aloud Swahili → Sukuma
  • Last hop of English → Swahili → Sukuma

Out of scope

  • Sukuma → Swahili
  • Direct English → Sukuma
  • Chat, legal, medical, or news translation
  • Conversational or social-media Sukuma
  • Commercial products without a licence from NileAGI

Limitations

  • Literary table and macron spelling only
  • Decoding can insert extra spaces inside words; prefer chrF2 over BLEU
  • Names and rare stems are often approximated
  • English errors in a pivot cascade are copied into Sukuma
  • Small held-out test (147 pairs)

Related

Access

Weights are gated under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.

  1. Open Request access at the top of this page and describe your intended use.
  2. After approval, authenticate (huggingface-cli login or HF_TOKEN) and download or load the model.

Attribute NileAGI when you use or redistribute the weights. Adapted weights must stay under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. Commercial licensing: hi@nileagi.com.

License

Weights: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.
See LICENSE and NOTICE.md.

Citation

@misc{nileagi-suk-mt-2026,
  title        = {Sukuma machine translation (Swahili to Sukuma)},
  author       = {Zephania and Isack Odero},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {Hugging Face},
  url          = {https://huggingface.co/nileagi/nileagi-suk-mt},
  note         = {NileAGI}
}
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