nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2

Nemotron OCR v2

Model Overview

Description

Nemotron OCR v2 is a state-of-the-art multilingual text recognition model designed for robust end-to-end optical character recognition (OCR) on complex real-world images. It integrates three core neural network modules: a detector for text region localization, a recognizer for transcription of detected regions, and a relational model for layout and structure analysis.

This model is optimized for a wide variety of OCR tasks, including multi-line, multi-block, and natural scene text, and it supports advanced reading order analysis via its relational model component. Nemotron OCR v2 supports multiple languages and has been developed to be production-ready and commercially usable, with a focus on speed and accuracy on both document and natural scene images.

Nemotron OCR v2 is part of the NVIDIA NeMo Retriever collection, which provides state-of-the-art, commercially-ready models and microservices optimized for the lowest latency and highest throughput. It features a production-ready information retrieval pipeline with enterprise support. The models that form the core of this solution have been trained using responsibly selected, auditable data sources. With multiple pre-trained models available as starting points, developers can readily customize them for domain-specific use cases, such as information technology, human resource help assistants, and research and development assistants.

This model is ready for commercial use.

License/Terms of use

The use of this model is governed by the NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement and the use of the post-processing scripts are licensed under Apache 2.0.

Release Date:

Hugging Face (this repo): nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2
Build.Nvidia.com 04/15/2026 via https://build.nvidia.com/nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2
NGC 04/15/2026 via https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com/orgs/nvidia/teams/nemo-microservices/containers/nemoretriever-ocr-v2

Deployment Geography

Global

Use Case

Nemotron OCR v2 is designed for high-accuracy and high-speed extraction of textual information from images across multiple languages, making it ideal for powering multimodal retrieval systems, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines, and agentic applications that require seamless integration of visual and language understanding. Its robust multilingual performance and efficiency make it an excellent choice for next-generation AI systems that demand both precision and scalability across diverse real-world content.

Model Architecture

Architecture Type: Hybrid detector-recognizer with document-level relational modeling

Nemotron OCR v2 is available in two variants:

• v2_english — Optimized for English-language OCR with word-level region handling.
• v2_multilingual — Supports English, Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Japanese, Korean, and Russian with line-level region handling for multilingual documents.

Both variants share the same three-component architecture:

• Text Detector: Utilizes a RegNetX-8GF convolutional backbone for high-accuracy localization of text regions within images.
• Text Recognizer: Employs a pre-norm Transformer-based sequence recognizer to transcribe text from detected regions, supporting variable word and line lengths.
• Relational Model: Applies a multi-layer global relational module to predict logical groupings, reading order, and layout relationships across detected text elements.

All components are trained jointly in an end-to-end fashion, providing robust, scalable, and production-ready OCR for diverse document and scene images.

Network Architecture: RegNetX-8GF

Recognizer Comparison

The two variants share an identical detector and relational architecture but differ in recognizer capacity:

Spec	v2_english	v2_multilingual
Transformer layers	3	6
Hidden dimension (d_model)	256	512
FFN width (dim_feedforward)	1024	2048
Attention heads	8	8
Max sequence length	32	128
Character set size	855	14,244

Parameter Counts

v2_english (from v2_english/):

Component	Parameters
Detector	45,445,259
Recognizer	6,130,657
Relational model	2,255,419
Total	53,831,335

v2_multilingual (from v2_multilingual/):

Component	Parameters
Detector	45,445,259
Recognizer	36,119,598
Relational model	2,288,187
Total	83,853,044

Input

Property	Value
Input Type & Format	Image (RGB, PNG/JPEG, float32/uint8), aggregation level (word, sentence, or paragraph)
Input Parameters (Two-Dimensional)	3 x H x W (single image) or B x 3 x H x W (batch)
Input Range	[0, 1] (float32) or [0, 255] (uint8, auto-converted)
Other Properties	Handles both single images and batches. Automatic multi-scale resizing for best accuracy.

Output

Property	Value
Output Type	Structured OCR results: a list of detected text regions (bounding boxes), recognized text, and confidence scores
Output Format	Bounding boxes: tuple of floats, recognized text: string, confidence score: float
Output Parameters	Bounding boxes: One-Dimenional (1D) list of bounding box coordinates, recognized text: One-Dimenional (1D) list of strings, confidence score: One-Dimenional (1D) list of floats
Other Properties	Please see the sample output for an example of the model output

Sample output

ocr_boxes = [[[15.552736282348633, 43.141815185546875],
  [150.00149536132812, 43.141815185546875],
  [150.00149536132812, 56.845645904541016],
  [15.552736282348633, 56.845645904541016]],
 [[298.3145751953125, 44.43315124511719],
  [356.93585205078125, 44.43315124511719],
  [356.93585205078125, 57.34814453125],
  [298.3145751953125, 57.34814453125]],
 [[15.44686508178711, 13.67985725402832],
  [233.15859985351562, 13.67985725402832],
  [233.15859985351562, 27.376562118530273],
  [15.44686508178711, 27.376562118530273]],
 [[298.51727294921875, 14.268900871276855],
  [356.9850769042969, 14.268900871276855],
  [356.9850769042969, 27.790447235107422],
  [298.51727294921875, 27.790447235107422]]]

ocr_txts = ['The previous notice was dated',
 '22 April 2016',
 'The previous notice was given to the company on',
 '22 April 2016']

ocr_confs = [0.97730815, 0.98834222, 0.96804602, 0.98499225]

Our AI models are designed and/or optimized to run on NVIDIA GPU-accelerated systems. By leveraging NVIDIA’s hardware (e.g. GPU cores) and software frameworks (e.g., CUDA libraries), the model achieves faster training and inference times compared to CPU-only solutions.

Usage

Prerequisites

• OS: Linux amd64 with NVIDIA GPU
• CUDA: CUDA Toolkit 12.8 and compatible NVIDIA driver installed (for PyTorch CUDA). Verify with nvidia-smi.
• Python: 3.12 (both subpackages require python = ~3.12)
• Build tools (when building the C++ extension):
  • GCC/G++ with C++17 support
  • CUDA toolkit headers (for building CUDA kernels)
  • OpenMP (used by the C++ extension)

Installation

The model requires torch, and the custom code available in this repository.

1. Clone the repository

• Make sure git-lfs is installed (https://git-lfs.com)

git lfs install

2. Installation

With pip

• Create and activate a Python 3.12 environment (optional)

• Run the following command to install the package:

cd nemotron-ocr
pip install hatchling
pip install -v .

With docker

Run the example end-to-end without installing anything on the host (besides Docker, docker compose, and NVIDIA Container Toolkit):

• Ensure Docker can see your GPU:

docker run --rm --gpus all nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:25.09-py3 nvidia-smi

• From the repo root, bring up the service to run the example (sample image ocr-example-input-1.png when present):

docker compose run --rm nemotron-ocr \
  bash -lc "python example.py ocr-example-input-1.png --merge-level paragraph"

This will:

• Build an image from the provided Dockerfile (based on nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch)
• Mount the repo at /workspace
• Run example.py (downloads v2 multilingual from Hugging Face on first run unless you pass --model-dir)

Output is saved next to your input image as <name>-annotated.<ext> on the host.

3. Run the model using the following code.

Use nemotron_ocr.inference.pipeline_v2.NemotronOCRV2. With no arguments, checkpoints are downloaded from Hugging Face: by default the v2 multilingual bundle (nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2 / v2_multilingual/). Use lang="en" for the English v2 build (nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2 / v2_english/), or pass model_dir to load from disk (any complete checkpoint folder; lang is then ignored).

from nemotron_ocr.inference.pipeline_v2 import NemotronOCRV2

# Default: Hugging Face v2 multilingual
ocr = NemotronOCRV2()

# English v2 (Hub, word-level)
ocr_en = NemotronOCRV2(lang="en")

# Multilingual v2 explicitly (same default as NemotronOCRV2())
# Uses the line-level variant.
ocr_multi = NemotronOCRV2(lang="multi")

# Local directory with detector.pth, recognizer.pth, relational.pth, charset.txt
ocr_local = NemotronOCRV2(model_dir="./v2_multilingual")

predictions = ocr("ocr-example-input-1.png")

for pred in predictions:
    print(
        f"  - Text: '{pred['text']}', "
        f"Confidence: {pred['confidence']:.2f}, "
        f"Bbox: [left={pred['left']:.4f}, upper={pred['upper']:.4f}, right={pred['right']:.4f}, lower={pred['lower']:.4f}]"
    )

Constructor rules

• You can choose model weights with either lang or model_dir.
• lang (keyword only, Hub download path):
  • None, "multi", or "multilingual" -> v2 multilingual (default): nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2 / v2_multilingual/
  • "en" or "english" -> v2 English: nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2 / v2_english/
  • "v1" or "legacy" -> v1 English-only (backward compatibility): fetched from nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v1 if not already cached locally
  • Both v2 variants (v2_multilingual/ and v2_english/) are included in this repository.
• model_dir (local override): if it points to a complete local checkpoint directory (detector.pth, recognizer.pth, relational.pth, charset.txt), it takes precedence and overrides lang.
• If model_dir is provided but incomplete, loading falls back to Hub resolution via lang (defaulting to v2 multilingual when lang is None).

Software Integration

Runtime Engine(s):

• PyTorch

Supported Hardware Microarchitecture Compatibility:

• NVIDIA Ampere
• NVIDIA Blackwell
• NVIDIA Hopper
• NVIDIA Lovelace

Preferred/Supported Operating System(s):

• Linux

Model Version(s)

• This repository: Nemotron OCR v2 with both variants: v2_english/ and v2_multilingual/.
• Hugging Face Hub: nvidia/nemotron-ocr-v2.

Training and Evaluation Datasets:

Training Dataset

Data Modality

• Image

Image Training Data Size

• Approximately 12 million images

The model is trained on a large-scale, curated mix of real-world and synthetic OCR datasets spanning multiple languages, scripts, and document types.

Real-world datasets (~680K images): Natural scene text, multilingual scene text, arbitrary-shaped text, chart and infographic text, table images with bilingual annotations, and handwritten document pages. These cover diverse layouts, languages, and document types.

Synthetic datasets (~11M+ images): Rendered multilingual document pages in six languages (English, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Chinese Simplified, and Chinese Traditional) and synthetic historical document crops covering archaic characters with degradation effects.

Data Collection Method by dataset: Hybrid (Automated, Human, Synthetic)
Labeling Method by dataset: Hybrid (Automated, Human, Synthetic)
Properties: Includes scanned documents, natural scene images, charts, tables, infographics, handwritten documents, and synthetic rendered pages in multiple languages and scripts.

Evaluation Datasets

Nemotron OCR v2 is evaluated on OmniDocBench, a comprehensive document OCR benchmark covering English, Chinese, and mixed-language content across diverse document categories.

Data Collection Method by dataset: Hybrid (Automated, Human, Synthetic)
Labeling Method by dataset: Hybrid (Automated, Human, Synthetic)
Properties: Benchmarks include challenging scene images, documents with varied layouts, and multi-language data.

Evaluation Results

Tables below are reference metrics from NVIDIA’s benchmark runs (OmniDocBench, SynthDoG). Reproducing them requires datasets and scripts that are not checked into this Hugging Face repository.

OmniDocBench

Normalized Edit Distance (NED) sample_avg on OmniDocBench (lower = better). Results follow OmniDocBench methodology (empty predictions skipped). All models evaluated in crop mode. Speed measured on a single A100 GPU.

Model	pages/s	EN	ZH	Mixed	White	Single	Multi	Normal	Rotate90	Rotate270	Horizontal
PaddleOCR v5 (server)	1.2	0.027	0.037	0.041	0.031	0.035	0.064	0.031	0.116	0.897	0.027
OpenOCR (server)	1.5	0.024	0.033	0.049	0.027	0.034	0.061	0.028	0.042	0.761	0.034
Nemotron OCR v2 (multilingual)	21.8	0.048	0.072	0.142	0.061	0.049	0.117	0.062	0.109	0.332	0.372
Nemotron OCR v2 (EN)	19.9	0.038	0.830	0.437	0.348	0.282	0.572	0.353	0.232	0.827	0.893
EasyOCR	0.4	0.095	0.117	0.326	0.095	0.179	0.322	0.110	0.987	0.979	0.809
Nemotron OCR v1	21.4	0.038	0.876	0.436	0.472	0.434	0.715	0.482	0.358	0.871	0.979

Column key: pages/s is throughput using the v2 batched pipeline where measured; EN = English, ZH = Simplified Chinese, Mixed = English/Chinese mixed, White/Single/Multi = background type, Normal/Rotate90/Rotate270/Horizontal = text orientation.

SynthDoG

Normalized Edit Distance (NED) page_avg on SynthDoG generated benchmark data (lower = better):

Language	PaddleOCR (base)	PaddleOCR (specialized)	OpenOCR (server)	Nemotron OCR v1	Nemotron OCR v2 (EN)	Nemotron OCR v2 (multilingual)
English	0.117	0.096	0.105	0.078	0.079	0.069
Japanese	0.201	0.201	0.586	0.723	0.765	0.046
Korean	0.943	0.133	0.837	0.923	0.924	0.047
Russian	0.959	0.163	0.950	0.564	0.632	0.043
Chinese (Simplified)	0.054	0.054	0.061	0.784	0.819	0.035
Chinese (Traditional)	0.094	0.094	0.127	0.700	0.756	0.065

Detailed Performance Analysis

The model demonstrates robust multilingual performance on complex layouts, noisy backgrounds, and challenging real-world scenes. Reading order and block detection are powered by the relational module, supporting downstream applications such as chart-to-text, table-to-text, and infographic-to-text extraction.

Inference
Acceleration Engine: PyTorch
Supported Hardware: H100 PCIe/SXM, A100 PCIe/SXM, L40S, L4, A10G, H200 NVL, B200, RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Server Edition

Ethical Considerations

NVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications. When downloaded or used in accordance with our terms of service, developers should work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse.
The integration of foundation and fine-tuned models into AI systems requires additional testing using use-case-specific data to ensure safe and effective deployment. Following the V-model methodology, iterative testing and validation at both unit and system levels are essential to mitigate risks, meet technical and functional requirements, and ensure compliance with safety and ethical standards before deployment.
Please make sure you have proper rights and permissions for all input image and video content; if image or video includes people, personal health information, or intellectual property, the image or video generated will not blur or maintain proportions of image subjects included.
For more detailed information on ethical considerations for this model, please see the Explainability, Bias, Safety & Security, and Privacy sections below.
Please report security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns here.

Bias

Field	Response
Participation considerations from adversely impacted groups protected classes in model design and testing	None
Measures taken to mitigate against unwanted bias	None

Explainability

Field	Response
Intended Task/Domain:	Optical Character Recognition (OCR) with a focus on retrieval application and documents.
Model Type:	Hybrid neural network with convolutional detector, transformer recognizer, and document structure modeling.
Intended Users:	Developers and teams building AI-driven search applications, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) workflows, multimodal agents, or document intelligence applications. It is ideal for those working with large collections of scanned or photographed documents, including PDFs, forms, and reports.
Output:	Structured OCR results, including detected bounding boxes, recognized text, and confidence scores.
Describe how the model works:	The model first detects text regions in the image, then transcribes recognized text, and finally analyzes document structure and reading order. Outputs structured, machine-readable results suitable for downstream search and analysis.
Name the adversely impacted groups this has been tested to deliver comparable outcomes regardless of:	Not Applicable
Technical Limitations & Mitigation:	Performance may vary across languages and scripts.
Verified to have met prescribed NVIDIA quality standards:	Yes
Performance Metrics:	Accuracy (e.g., character error rate), throughput, and latency.
Potential Known Risks:	The model may not always extract or transcribe all text with perfect accuracy, particularly in cases of poor image quality or highly stylized fonts.
Licensing & Terms of Use:	Use of this model is governed by NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement and the use of the post-processing scripts are licensed under Apache 2.0.

Privacy

Field	Response
Generatable or reverse engineerable personal data?	No
Personal data used to create this model?	None Known
How often is dataset reviewed?	The dataset is initially reviewed when added, and subsequent reviews are conducted as needed or in response to change requests.
Is there provenance for all datasets used in training?	Yes
Does data labeling (annotation, metadata) comply with privacy laws?	Yes
Is data compliant with data subject requests for data correction or removal, if such a request was made?	No, not possible with externally-sourced data.
Applicable Privacy Policy	https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/about-nvidia/privacy-policy/
Was consent obtained for any personal data used?	Not Applicable
Was data from user interactions with the AI model (e.g. user input and prompts) used to train the model?	No

Safety

Field	Response
Model Application Field(s):	Text recognition and structured OCR for multimodal retrieval. Inputs can include natural scene images, scanned documents, charts, tables, and infographics.
Use Case Restrictions:	Abide by NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement and the use of the post-processing scripts are licensed under Apache 2.0.
Model and dataset restrictions:	The principle of least privilege (PoLP) is applied, limiting access for dataset generation and model development. Restrictions enforce dataset access only during training, and all dataset license constraints are adhered to.
Describe the life critical impact (if present):	Not applicable.