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  - denoiser
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  - residual
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  tags:
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  - denoiser
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  - residual
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+ ---
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+ A 2 Million Parameter Depoising Model and a Poison Detection Model
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+ Code: https://github.com/livinginparadise/GRDDenoiser
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+ This work introduces a novel, highly efficient denoising model featuring a compact architecture of 2 million parameters. Furthermore, a dedicated "Predictor" for poison detection of an image.
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+ The denoiser architecture prioritizes bias-free operation and responsiveness to varying noise levels.
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+ Here is how it works:
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+ * Gaussian Prior Extraction: A ResidualPriorExtractor is to extract a Gaussian prior, utilizing fixed kernels to separate high-frequency details (edges and noise) from the smooth background. This process provides initial information, highlighting regions susceptible to poisoning.
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+ * Noise Conditioning: The model incorporates a NoiseConditioner that projects the noise level (sigma) and a content descriptor into an embedding, modulating network layers. This adaptive approach adjusts the model's sensitivity based on image noise.
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+ * Bias-Free Design: All convolutional layers utilize a bias=False configuration, promoting reliance on feature data and normalization (LayerNorm2d), which is known to enhance generalization in restoration tasks.
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+ * Gated Residual Blocks: The core architecture utilizes Global Gating within Residual Blocks. A gating value (ranging from 0 to 1), derived from the global mean of features, selectively regulates information flow.
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+ The "Predictor" model, so named for its predictive capabilities, simultaneously classifies images as either poisoned or safe and predicts a noise mask indicating the location of the poison.
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+ The model employs a GhostResidualDecomposition-Net architecture to achieve high accuracy:
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+ * Backbone (ResNet + SE): The encoder utilizes Residual Blocks enhanced with Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) Blocks, enabling channel attention and weighting of important feature maps.
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+ * ASPP (Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling): Located at the bottleneck, this module employs dilated convolutions to capture contextual information at multiple scales, facilitating the detection of both fine noise patterns and global image structure.
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+ * Attention Gates in the Decoder: Attention Gates are incorporated within the skip connections during image upsampling, filtering features to focus on poisoned regions.
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+ "Ghost Loss" Function
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+ Training of the predictor model utilizes a custom loss function, "Ghost Loss", to ensure the generation of realistic reconstructions. This function combines four distinct penalties:
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+ * Pixel-wise Noise Match: Measures the agreement between the predicted noise mask and the ground truth poison.
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+ * Restoration Match (MSE): Evaluates the similarity between the restored image (after mask subtraction) and the original clean image.
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+ * Binary Classification (BCE): Assesses the accuracy of the poison/safe classification.
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+ * Semantic Anchor (Perceptual Loss): A frozen VGG16 network is used to compare features of the restored image with those of the clean image, preventing excessive blurring and preserving important details.