vllm/docs/features/quantization/gptqmodel.md

# GPTQModel

To create a new 4-bit or 8-bit GPTQ quantized model, you can leverage [GPTQModel](https://github.com/ModelCloud/GPTQModel) from ModelCloud.AI.

Quantization reduces the model's precision from BF16/FP16 (16-bits) to INT4 (4-bits) or INT8 (8-bits) which significantly reduces the
total model memory footprint while at-the-same-time increasing inference performance.

Compatible GPTQModel quantized models can leverage the `Marlin` and `Machete` vLLM custom kernels to maximize batching
transactions-per-second `tps` and token-latency performance for both Ampere (A100+) and Hopper (H100+) Nvidia GPUs.
These two kernels are highly optimized by vLLM and NeuralMagic (now part of Redhat) to allow world-class inference performance of quantized GPTQ
models.

GPTQModel is one of the few quantization toolkits in the world that allows `Dynamic` per-module quantization where different layers and/or modules within a llm model can be further optimized with custom quantization parameters. `Dynamic` quantization
is fully integrated into vLLM and backed up by support from the ModelCloud.AI team. Please refer to [GPTQModel readme](https://github.com/ModelCloud/GPTQModel?tab=readme-ov-file#dynamic-quantization-per-module-quantizeconfig-override)
for more details on this and other advanced features.

## Installation

You can quantize your own models by installing [GPTQModel](https://github.com/ModelCloud/GPTQModel) or picking one of the [5000+ models on Huggingface](https://huggingface.co/models?search=gptq).

```bash
pip install -U gptqmodel --no-build-isolation -v
```

## Quantizing a model

After installing GPTQModel, you are ready to quantize a model. Please refer to the [GPTQModel readme](https://github.com/ModelCloud/GPTQModel/?tab=readme-ov-file#quantization) for further details.

Here is an example of how to quantize `meta-llama/Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct`:

??? code

    ```python
    from datasets import load_dataset
    from gptqmodel import GPTQModel, QuantizeConfig

    model_id = "meta-llama/Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct"
    quant_path = "Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct-gptqmodel-4bit"

    calibration_dataset = load_dataset(
        "allenai/c4",
        data_files="en/c4-train.00001-of-01024.json.gz",
        split="train",
    ).select(range(1024))["text"]

    quant_config = QuantizeConfig(bits=4, group_size=128)

    model = GPTQModel.load(model_id, quant_config)

    # increase `batch_size` to match gpu/vram specs to speed up quantization
    model.quantize(calibration_dataset, batch_size=2)

    model.save(quant_path)
    ```

## Running a quantized model with vLLM

To run an GPTQModel quantized model with vLLM, you can use [DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B-gptqmodel-4bit-vortex-v2](https://huggingface.co/ModelCloud/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B-gptqmodel-4bit-vortex-v2) with the following command:

```bash
python examples/deployment/llm_engine_example.py \
    --model ModelCloud/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B-gptqmodel-4bit-vortex-v2
```

## Using GPTQModel with vLLM's Python API

GPTQModel quantized models are also supported directly through the LLM entrypoint:

??? code

    ```python
    from vllm import LLM, SamplingParams

    # Sample prompts.
    prompts = [
        "Hello, my name is",
        "The president of the United States is",
        "The capital of France is",
        "The future of AI is",
    ]

    # Create a sampling params object.
    sampling_params = SamplingParams(temperature=0.6, top_p=0.9)

    # Create an LLM.
    llm = LLM(model="ModelCloud/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B-gptqmodel-4bit-vortex-v2")

    # Generate texts from the prompts. The output is a list of RequestOutput objects
    # that contain the prompt, generated text, and other information.
    outputs = llm.generate(prompts, sampling_params)

    # Print the outputs.
    print("-"*50)
    for output in outputs:
        prompt = output.prompt
        generated_text = output.outputs[0].text
        print(f"Prompt: {prompt!r}\nGenerated text: {generated_text!r}")
        print("-"*50)
    ```