Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks
Paper
•
1908.10084
•
Published
•
10
This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-0.6B on the technical dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.
SentenceTransformer(
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'PeftModelForFeatureExtraction'})
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': True, 'include_prompt': True})
(2): Normalize()
)
First install the Sentence Transformers library:
pip install -U sentence-transformers
Then you can load this model and run inference.
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("reboo13/ad")
# Run inference
sentences = [
'adult learning',
'The course was designed using adult learning best practices.',
'Solar developers calculate AEP, or annual energy production.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]
# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[1.0000, 0.6213, 0.1227],
# [0.6213, 1.0000, 0.1474],
# [0.1227, 0.1474, 1.0000]])
anchor and positive| anchor | positive | |
|---|---|---|
| type | string | string |
| details |
|
|
| anchor | positive |
|---|---|
.308 |
The .308 Winchester is a popular rifle cartridge used for hunting and target shooting. |
.308 |
Many precision rifles are chambered in .308 for its excellent long-range accuracy. |
.308 |
The sniper selected a .308 caliber round for the mission. |
MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:{
"scale": 20.0,
"similarity_fct": "cos_sim",
"gather_across_devices": false
}
per_device_train_batch_size: 256learning_rate: 3e-05max_steps: 60lr_scheduler_type: constant_with_warmupwarmup_ratio: 0.03bf16: Truebatch_sampler: no_duplicatesoverwrite_output_dir: Falsedo_predict: Falseeval_strategy: noprediction_loss_only: Trueper_device_train_batch_size: 256per_device_eval_batch_size: 8per_gpu_train_batch_size: Noneper_gpu_eval_batch_size: Nonegradient_accumulation_steps: 1eval_accumulation_steps: Nonetorch_empty_cache_steps: Nonelearning_rate: 3e-05weight_decay: 0.0adam_beta1: 0.9adam_beta2: 0.999adam_epsilon: 1e-08max_grad_norm: 1.0num_train_epochs: 3.0max_steps: 60lr_scheduler_type: constant_with_warmuplr_scheduler_kwargs: {}warmup_ratio: 0.03warmup_steps: 0log_level: passivelog_level_replica: warninglog_on_each_node: Truelogging_nan_inf_filter: Truesave_safetensors: Truesave_on_each_node: Falsesave_only_model: Falserestore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: Falseno_cuda: Falseuse_cpu: Falseuse_mps_device: Falseseed: 42data_seed: Nonejit_mode_eval: Falseuse_ipex: Falsebf16: Truefp16: Falsefp16_opt_level: O1half_precision_backend: autobf16_full_eval: Falsefp16_full_eval: Falsetf32: Nonelocal_rank: 0ddp_backend: Nonetpu_num_cores: Nonetpu_metrics_debug: Falsedebug: []dataloader_drop_last: Falsedataloader_num_workers: 0dataloader_prefetch_factor: Nonepast_index: -1disable_tqdm: Falseremove_unused_columns: Truelabel_names: Noneload_best_model_at_end: Falseignore_data_skip: Falsefsdp: []fsdp_min_num_params: 0fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Noneaccelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}parallelism_config: Nonedeepspeed: Nonelabel_smoothing_factor: 0.0optim: adamw_torch_fusedoptim_args: Noneadafactor: Falsegroup_by_length: Falselength_column_name: lengthddp_find_unused_parameters: Noneddp_bucket_cap_mb: Noneddp_broadcast_buffers: Falsedataloader_pin_memory: Truedataloader_persistent_workers: Falseskip_memory_metrics: Trueuse_legacy_prediction_loop: Falsepush_to_hub: Falseresume_from_checkpoint: Nonehub_model_id: Nonehub_strategy: every_savehub_private_repo: Nonehub_always_push: Falsehub_revision: Nonegradient_checkpointing: Falsegradient_checkpointing_kwargs: Noneinclude_inputs_for_metrics: Falseinclude_for_metrics: []eval_do_concat_batches: Truefp16_backend: autopush_to_hub_model_id: Nonepush_to_hub_organization: Nonemp_parameters: auto_find_batch_size: Falsefull_determinism: Falsetorchdynamo: Noneray_scope: lastddp_timeout: 1800torch_compile: Falsetorch_compile_backend: Nonetorch_compile_mode: Noneinclude_tokens_per_second: Falseinclude_num_input_tokens_seen: Falseneftune_noise_alpha: Noneoptim_target_modules: Nonebatch_eval_metrics: Falseeval_on_start: Falseuse_liger_kernel: Falseliger_kernel_config: Noneeval_use_gather_object: Falseaverage_tokens_across_devices: Falseprompts: Nonebatch_sampler: no_duplicatesmulti_dataset_batch_sampler: proportionalrouter_mapping: {}learning_rate_mapping: {}| Epoch | Step | Training Loss |
|---|---|---|
| 0.0024 | 1 | 2.9285 |
| 0.0048 | 2 | 2.9415 |
| 0.0072 | 3 | 2.7433 |
| 0.0096 | 4 | 2.8367 |
| 0.0120 | 5 | 2.7583 |
| 0.0144 | 6 | 2.8774 |
| 0.0168 | 7 | 2.7791 |
| 0.0192 | 8 | 2.5914 |
| 0.0216 | 9 | 2.5369 |
| 0.0240 | 10 | 2.5583 |
| 0.0264 | 11 | 2.428 |
| 0.0288 | 12 | 2.2281 |
| 0.0312 | 13 | 2.3207 |
| 0.0336 | 14 | 2.3152 |
| 0.0360 | 15 | 2.3222 |
| 0.0384 | 16 | 1.9328 |
| 0.0408 | 17 | 2.0254 |
| 0.0432 | 18 | 2.2076 |
| 0.0456 | 19 | 1.9551 |
| 0.0480 | 20 | 2.0753 |
| 0.0504 | 21 | 1.9028 |
| 0.0528 | 22 | 1.8977 |
| 0.0552 | 23 | 1.8852 |
| 0.0576 | 24 | 1.8288 |
| 0.0600 | 25 | 1.7363 |
| 0.0624 | 26 | 1.8455 |
| 0.0647 | 27 | 1.7129 |
| 0.0671 | 28 | 1.9365 |
| 0.0695 | 29 | 2.0386 |
| 0.0719 | 30 | 1.8644 |
| 0.0743 | 31 | 1.481 |
| 0.0767 | 32 | 1.8281 |
| 0.0791 | 33 | 1.5593 |
| 0.0815 | 34 | 1.7088 |
| 0.0839 | 35 | 1.7356 |
| 0.0863 | 36 | 1.6223 |
| 0.0887 | 37 | 1.6218 |
| 0.0911 | 38 | 1.4948 |
| 0.0935 | 39 | 1.6253 |
| 0.0959 | 40 | 1.553 |
| 0.0983 | 41 | 1.565 |
| 0.1007 | 42 | 1.6852 |
| 0.1031 | 43 | 1.4419 |
| 0.1055 | 44 | 1.4839 |
| 0.1079 | 45 | 1.4249 |
| 0.1103 | 46 | 1.4301 |
| 0.1127 | 47 | 1.5504 |
| 0.1151 | 48 | 1.4154 |
| 0.1175 | 49 | 1.3868 |
| 0.1199 | 50 | 1.601 |
| 0.1223 | 51 | 1.468 |
| 0.1247 | 52 | 1.4715 |
| 0.1271 | 53 | 1.6019 |
| 0.1295 | 54 | 1.4216 |
| 0.1319 | 55 | 1.3206 |
| 0.1343 | 56 | 1.4081 |
| 0.1367 | 57 | 1.2969 |
| 0.1391 | 58 | 1.5933 |
| 0.1415 | 59 | 1.4106 |
| 0.1439 | 60 | 1.7639 |
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
month = "11",
year = "2019",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
year={2017},
eprint={1705.00652},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}