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{
"schema_version": "1.0",
"level": "species",
"genus": "Enterococcus",
"species": "faecium",
"overview": {
"short": "Enterococcus faecium is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic coccus notable for antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections.",
"clinical_context": "Frequently associated with bacteremia, urinary tract infections, and hospital-acquired infections, particularly vancomycin-resistant strains (VRE)."
},
"expected_fields": {
"Gram Stain": "Positive",
"Shape": "Cocci",
"Motility": "Negative",
"Capsule": "Variable",
"Spore Formation": "Negative",
"Haemolysis": "Variable",
"Haemolysis Type": "Variable",
"Media Grown On": [
"Blood Agar",
"Bile Esculin Agar"
],
"Colony Morphology": [
"Small",
"Grey",
"Smooth"
],
"Oxygen Requirement": "Facultative Anaerobe",
"Growth Temperature": "10//45",
"Catalase": "Negative",
"Oxidase": "Negative",
"Indole": "Negative",
"Urease": "Negative",
"Citrate": "Negative",
"Methyl Red": "Positive",
"VP": "Negative",
"H2S": "Negative",
"DNase": "Negative",
"ONPG": "Negative",
"Coagulase": "Negative",
"Gelatin Hydrolysis": "Negative",
"Esculin Hydrolysis": "Positive",
"Nitrate Reduction": "Negative",
"NaCl Tolerant (>=6%)": "Positive",
"Lipase Test": "Negative",
"Lysine Decarboxylase": "Negative",
"Ornithine Decarboxylase": "Negative",
"Ornitihine Decarboxylase": "Negative",
"Arginine dihydrolase": "Negative",
"Glucose Fermentation": "Positive",
"Lactose Fermentation": "Negative",
"Sucrose Fermentation": "Variable",
"Maltose Fermentation": "Positive",
"Mannitol Fermentation": "Negative",
"Sorbitol Fermentation": "Negative",
"Xylose Fermentation": "Negative",
"Rhamnose Fermentation": "Negative",
"Arabinose Fermentation": "Negative",
"Raffinose Fermentation": "Negative",
"Trehalose Fermentation": "Positive",
"Inositol Fermentation": "Negative",
"Gas Production": "Negative",
"TSI Pattern": "Unknown",
"Colony Pattern": "Unknown",
"Pigment": "None",
"Motility Type": "None"
},
"species_markers": [
{
"field": "Arginine dihydrolase",
"value": "Negative",
"importance": "high",
"notes": "Primary discriminator separating E. faecium from E. faecalis."
},
{
"field": "Mannitol Fermentation",
"value": "Negative",
"importance": "medium",
"notes": "E. faecium typically does not ferment mannitol."
}
],
"common_confusions": [
{
"species": "Enterococcus faecalis",
"reason": "Shared genus traits and overlapping sugar fermentation profiles."
}
],
"when_to_question_identification": [
"Arginine dihydrolase positivity suggests E. faecalis.",
"Strong mannitol fermentation is inconsistent.",
"Unexpected antimicrobial susceptibility patterns."
],
"recommended_next_tests": [
{
"test": "Arginine dihydrolase",
"reason": "Key biochemical discriminator from E. faecalis.",
"api_kit": "API Strep"
},
{
"test": "Vancomycin susceptibility testing",
"reason": "Critical due to frequent resistance in E. faecium.",
"api_kit": "VITEK 2 GP"
},
{
"test": "MALDI-TOF MS",
"reason": "Accurate species-level identification.",
"api_kit": "Not applicable"
}
]
} |