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| # ModelGuard Observatory · Methods | |
| ## Purpose | |
| This tool supports structured auditing of *evaluation snapshots* for a small multilingual academic-intent classification benchmark. It is NOT a streaming production observability service, model safety certificate, or scientific external-validity study. | |
| ## Metrics | |
| - Accuracy = correct predictions / labeled samples. | |
| - Macro-F1 = average of per-class F1 for labels with support > 0, calculated using precision = TP / (TP + FP) and recall = TP / (TP + FN). Zero denominators contribute 0. | |
| - Generalization gap = controlled IID accuracy minus novel-pattern challenge accuracy (reported in percentage points). The splits differ in design: it is not a time-series degradation rate. | |
| - Error confusion: row = true label, column = predicted label; raw counts. | |
| ### Dataset distribution shift | |
| - **Jensen–Shannon divergence** uses base-two logarithms and has range [0, 1] bits. It compares language distributions and true-label distributions across the two evaluation splits. | |
| - **Population Stability Index** uses fixed bins `[0,5,10,15,20,30,50,100001]` on **the number of unique lowercase token types per sentence** (not the full word count). For baseline proportions `p_i` and challenge proportions `q_i`, PSI = `Σ_i (q_i - p_i) * ln(q_i/p_i)` with both proportions floored at `1e-4` before each term to avoid numerical singularities. This is a heuristic sensitive to binning and sample size. | |
| - A difference in distributions indicates a diagnostic shift; it does not establish its cause or statistical significance. | |
| ### Paired comparison and uncertainty | |
| Paired differences are computed from identically identified samples across two methods within the same challenge split. A seeded nonparametric bootstrap resamples paired examples 500 times and reports descriptive percentile bounds. This interval is **not** an external population coverage guarantee, nor is it a confirmatory significance test. The package also contains an accuracy bootstrap helper for reproducibility. | |
| ## Configurable release checklist | |
| Default thresholds are deliberately explicit and adjustable. They are engineering heuristics, not peer-reviewed standards: | |
| 1. Challenge examples >= 50. | |
| 2. Challenge accuracy >= 75%. | |
| 3. Controlled-to-challenge gap <= 22 percentage points. | |
| 4. At least 10 challenge examples in each language slice. | |
| 5. Language-slice accuracy >= 58%. | |
| 6. Length histogram PSI <= 0.50. | |
| The challenge length distribution shifts enough that **all four baseline methods fail the default PSI criterion**. The gate does not perform auto-retraining, auto-approval, or overrides. Lowering thresholds can yield a pass without improving the model; never interpret PASS as a safety or deployment certification. | |
| ## Bias and fairness limitations | |
| Language and academic-domain groupings are not demographic-protected classes. Aggregate or subgroup comparisons in this synthetic task cannot establish demographic fairness, equitable outcomes, privacy compliance, or production suitability. | |