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| { | |
| "source": "starter list — Middle Egyptian phrase-initial particles. Verify against Allen 14th ed. or Gardiner Egyptian Grammar §239 ff.", | |
| "purpose": "Soft phrase-start prior in the SphinxTrie segmenter. When YOLO output contains one of these Gardiner sequences, the slot at its first sign is a strong candidate for a phrase boundary (the previous slot is end-of-previous-phrase).", | |
| "particles": { | |
| "jw": { | |
| "gardiner": ["M17", "G43"], | |
| "meaning": "is / circumstantial auxiliary", | |
| "register": "narrative", | |
| "notes": "Most common Middle Egyptian phrase-opener. Sometimes written M17 alone in late ME." | |
| }, | |
| "jn": { | |
| "gardiner": ["M17", "N35"], | |
| "meaning": "by (agent marker) / interrogative", | |
| "register": "all", | |
| "notes": "Also marks rhetorical questions when phrase-initial." | |
| }, | |
| "mk": { | |
| "gardiner": ["Aa15", "V31"], | |
| "meaning": "behold (sg.)!", | |
| "register": "speech", | |
| "alt_spellings": [["G17", "V31"]], | |
| "notes": "Vocative-like attention marker. G17 V31 variant in some hands." | |
| }, | |
| "mTn": { | |
| "gardiner": ["Aa15", "V13", "N35"], | |
| "meaning": "behold (pl.)!", | |
| "register": "speech", | |
| "alt_spellings": [["G17", "V13", "N35"]], | |
| "notes": "Plural counterpart of mk. G17 variant common." | |
| }, | |
| "jx": { | |
| "gardiner": ["M17", "Aa1"], | |
| "meaning": "may, then, so that (optative/sequential)", | |
| "register": "all" | |
| }, | |
| "nn": { | |
| "gardiner": ["N35", "N35"], | |
| "meaning": "not / there is not (negation)", | |
| "register": "all", | |
| "alt_spellings": [["M22"]], | |
| "notes": "Phrase-initial negation. Single M22 (junction-of-river plant) sometimes used as logogram." | |
| }, | |
| "HA": { | |
| "gardiner": ["O4", "G1"], | |
| "meaning": "would that! (wish particle)", | |
| "register": "speech", | |
| "alt_spellings": [["O4"]], | |
| "notes": "Some scribes drop the alef G1." | |
| }, | |
| "wnt": { | |
| "gardiner": ["E34", "N35", "X1"], | |
| "meaning": "indeed / that (subordinator)", | |
| "register": "all" | |
| }, | |
| "jstw": { | |
| "gardiner": ["M17", "S29", "X1", "G43"], | |
| "meaning": "now (parenthetical)", | |
| "register": "narrative" | |
| }, | |
| "Hr_ntt": { | |
| "gardiner": ["D2", "D21", "X1", "X1"], | |
| "meaning": "because / since (subordinator)", | |
| "register": "all", | |
| "notes": "Often phrase-initial in subordinate clauses introducing causes." | |
| }, | |
| "smwn": { | |
| "gardiner": ["S29", "Aa15", "G43", "N35"], | |
| "meaning": "perhaps", | |
| "register": "speech" | |
| }, | |
| "wnn": { | |
| "gardiner": ["E34", "N35", "N35"], | |
| "meaning": "exists / continuative auxiliary", | |
| "register": "all", | |
| "notes": "Often phrase-initial when introducing existential clauses." | |
| } | |
| }, | |
| "notes": [ | |
| "These are typical Middle Egyptian phrase-initial particles. Coverage is intentionally narrow — these are the strongest signals; rarer particles can be added later.", | |
| "The segmenter should treat these as soft priors: when the YOLO sequence contains a particle's full Gardiner sequence at a position, score a phrase boundary just before it.", | |
| "Some particles (jw, jn, mk, jx) are short (2 codes) and overlap phonetically with non-particle words. Use the boundary signal cumulatively, not deterministically." | |
| ] | |
| } | |